WO2015114287A2 - Perfectionnements apportés et se rapportant à un système de réfrigération pour véhicule - Google Patents

Perfectionnements apportés et se rapportant à un système de réfrigération pour véhicule Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015114287A2
WO2015114287A2 PCT/GB2014/052805 GB2014052805W WO2015114287A2 WO 2015114287 A2 WO2015114287 A2 WO 2015114287A2 GB 2014052805 W GB2014052805 W GB 2014052805W WO 2015114287 A2 WO2015114287 A2 WO 2015114287A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
electrical energy
storage device
energy storage
refrigerator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB2014/052805
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2015114287A3 (fr
Inventor
Ling ANDREW
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PERPETUAL V2G SYSTEMS Ltd
Original Assignee
PERPETUAL V2G SYSTEMS Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PERPETUAL V2G SYSTEMS Ltd filed Critical PERPETUAL V2G SYSTEMS Ltd
Priority to US15/115,239 priority Critical patent/US10322616B2/en
Priority to AU2014380938A priority patent/AU2014380938A1/en
Priority to CA2975041A priority patent/CA2975041A1/fr
Priority to EP14787010.9A priority patent/EP3031089A2/fr
Publication of WO2015114287A2 publication Critical patent/WO2015114287A2/fr
Publication of WO2015114287A3 publication Critical patent/WO2015114287A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to ZA2016/05957A priority patent/ZA201605957B/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00007—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
    • B60H1/00014—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices for load cargos on load transporting vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
    • B60P3/00—Vehicles adapted to transport, to carry or to comprise special loads or objects
    • B60P3/20—Refrigerated goods vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00421—Driving arrangements for parts of a vehicle air-conditioning
    • B60H1/00428—Driving arrangements for parts of a vehicle air-conditioning electric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/68—Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/04—Arrangement of batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/46—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/488—Cells or batteries combined with indicating means for external visualization of the condition, e.g. by change of colour or of light density
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/88—Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a commercial refrigerator vehicle for transporting and/or storing refrigerated goods.
  • the refrigeration unit of the vehicle is powerable by electrical energy from a power source which is not the main engine of the vehicle.
  • the invention further relates to a method of powering a refrigerator system for such a vehicle, and a method of monitoring the charge status of the refrigerator system.
  • the present invention seeks to overcome all of these problems, by providing a refrigerator system which is powered by a battery system, rather than by the main engine of the vehicle.
  • a commercial refrigerator vehicle for the transport of refrigerated produce
  • the commercial refrigerator vehicle comprising a wheeled chassis, a cab mounted on the wheeled chassis, an internal combustion engine having an output for driving one or more wheels of the wheeled chassis, a refrigerator compartment on the wheeled chassis for the storage of produce to be refrigerated, and a refrigerator system for controlling interior temperature of the refrigerator compartment
  • the refrigerator system including a refrigeration unit for discharging refrigerated air into the refrigerator compartment, a dedicated rechargeable electrical energy storage device for supplying electrical energy to the refrigerator system, a vehicle battery pack chargeable directly or indirectly via the internal combustion engine, a charger for charging the dedicated rechargeable electrical energy storage device via the vehicle battery pack, and a controller for monitoring an activation status of the internal combustion engine and electrically disconnecting the vehicle battery pack from the dedicated rechargeable electrical energy storage device when the internal combustion engine is deactivated.
  • the refrigeration of the refrigerator compartment is decoupled from the activation of the internal combustion engine.
  • the refrigeration unit can operate without the internal combustion engine having to be active; therefore, when the vehicle is stationary, the internal combustion engine can be deactivated without compromising the refrigeration.
  • the internal combustion engine is much larger and heavier than would otherwise be required, since the refrigeration unit must also be powered by the internal combustion engine, thereby requiring greater capacity.
  • the electrical energy storage device weighs considerably less than the excess weight that would be required to sufficiently increase the power output of the internal combustion engine, and therefore installation of the electrical energy storage device leads to a reduction in gross weight of the vehicle. This means that either the vehicle is lighter and therefore more fuel efficient, or the extra weight can be used to install a larger fuel tank, thereby increasing the range of the vehicle.
  • the electrical energy storage device may be positioned within the cab.
  • the electrical energy storage device may be positioned adjacent a seat for the driver when driving the vehicle. More preferably, the electrical energy storage device is positioned underneath a passenger seat of the cab. Preferably, but alternatively the electrical energy storage device may replace a passenger seat of the cab.
  • the electrical energy storage device Rather than positioning the electrical energy storage device such that it takes up valuable space within the refrigerator compartment, it is preferable to use space within the cabin. Typically, the driver of the refrigerator vehicle will be the only occupant; therefore, the passenger seat is wasted space. As such, the electrical energy storage device should either be inserted into a space below the passenger seat, or replace the passenger seat entirely.
  • access to the electrical energy storage device may be provided through a cab door of a passenger side of the cab.
  • access to the electrical energy storage device may be provided underneath the cab, or from the rear of the cab.
  • the device will typically be a battery, the quickest way of recharging it will be via connection to a mains electricity supply, which is most readily achieved through some form of access portion to the battery.
  • the controller may monitor a charge status of the electrical energy storage device.
  • the controller may then supplementarily drive the refrigeration unit via a vehicle battery pack if the charge status of the electrical energy storage device is determined to be below a predetermined threshold.
  • the controller may monitor a charge status of the vehicle battery pack. The controller may then prevent the vehicle battery pack from driving the refrigeration unit if the charge status of the vehicle battery pack falls below a predetermined threshold required to start the internal combustion engine.
  • the controller may further include a wireless transmitter, and the wireless transmitter may be capable of transmitting a signal to a remote device.
  • the transmitted signal may preferably contain information relating to the charge status of the electrical energy storage device.
  • the remote device is preferably a smartphone or other suitable mobile telecommunications device, which in either case has a software-based computer implemented application or device for displaying the remaining period of charge of the electrical energy storage device.
  • the controller includes a wireless transmitter which is capable of transmitting the information regarding the charge status of the electrical energy storage device
  • a remote device such as a smartphone may be configured, for instance via a computer executable application, to receive and display the information to the driver.
  • the controller may be capable of activating and deactivating the refrigerator system independently of the temperature of the refrigeration unit to reduce the power consumption of the refrigerator system.
  • the electrical energy storage device may comprise at least one rechargeable battery, and the or each rechargeable battery may preferably be a Lithium ion cell.
  • the controller may determine which battery is to be used to export power to the refrigeration unit based on the charge status of the or each battery.
  • Batteries are the most common electrical energy storage devices, and are therefore the most appropriate for use in as vehicle as presented. The advantage of using a plurality of batteries is that whilst one battery is providing power to the refrigeration unit, the other batteries can be simultaneously recharged, thereby extending the operational lifetime of the vehicle.
  • the charger may be a charge separator associated with an electrical output of the internal combustion engine of the vehicle. The charge separator may preferably charge the electrical energy storage device using excess electrical energy generated during normal operation of the internal combustion engine of the vehicle.
  • the electrical energy storage device may be supplementally chargeable from a mains electricity supply.
  • a rechargeable power source is highly appropriate for a refrigerator vehicle, since it will be making multiple short journeys, such as deliveries, before returning to a central location, typically being a depot. This offers a perfect opportunity to recharge the or each electrical energy storage device for the next outing.
  • a display means in the cab for relaying information about at least one of the energy consumption, remaining charge or charging time of the electrical energy storage device to the driver of the vehicle. It is advantageous to also provide information regarding the charge status to the driver in the cab, since the electrical energy storage device may deplete whilst driving, which would indicate that the vehicle should be returned to the depot.
  • the refrigerator compartment may be sub-divided into multiple compartments of differing temperature, the refrigerator system being capable of simultaneously refrigerating the individual refrigerator compartments.
  • the wheeled chassis may be supplied as a single rigid unit.
  • the wheeled chassis may be supplied as an articulated chassis, comprising a tractor unit and a trailer unit, the tractor unit including the cab, the internal combustion engine, the electrical energy storage device, the vehicle battery pack and the charger, and the trailer unit including the refrigerator compartment and the refrigeration unit.
  • a refrigerator lorry generally used for deliveries to residential properties, or a larger articulated refrigerator vehicle, more useful for bulk transport of goods, for instance, from a warehouse to a retail outlet.
  • a method of powering a refrigerator system of a commercial refrigerator vehicle for transportation and/or storage of refrigerated goods comprising the steps of: a] onboard charging a dedicated rechargeable electrical energy storage device in electrical communication with a battery pack of the vehicle which is chargeable directly or indirectly by an internal combustion engine of the vehicle, and electronically monitoring an activation status of the internal combustion engine; b] electrically powering a refrigeration unit of the vehicle using the electrical energy storage device, irrespective of the activation status of the internal combustion engine of the vehicle; and c] automatically electrically disconnecting the vehicle battery pack from the electrical energy storage device, when it is determined that the internal combustion engine is deactivated.
  • the electrical energy storage device is preferentially charged by a mains electricity supply.
  • the method may further comprise step: d] automatically switching an electricity supply to drive the refrigeration unit to the vehicle battery pack, if the charge status of the electrical energy storage device falls below a predetermined threshold.
  • the method may further comprise step: e] monitoring a charge status of the vehicle battery pack, and electrically disconnecting the vehicle battery pack from driving the refrigeration unit if the charge status of the vehicle battery pack falls below a predetermined threshold required to start the internal combustion engine.
  • the method of providing the power for the refrigeration unit from the electrical energy storage device is advantageous as it decouples the refrigeration properties of the vehicle from the activation of the internal combustion engine. Therefore, the refrigeration unit can operate even if the vehicle is stationary or parked.
  • a method of monitoring the charge status of a refrigerator system powered in accordance with the second aspect of the invention comprising the steps of: a] monitoring a charge status of the electrical energy storage device; b] wirelessly transmitting the charge status to a remote device carriable by a vehicle operator; and c] displaying an electrical energy storage device status on a screen of the remote device.
  • the driver can monitor whether or not he needs to return to the vehicle sooner than expected in order to prevent a shutdown of the refrigeration unit.
  • Figure 1 shows a side, partial cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a commercial refrigerator vehicle, in accordance with the first aspect of the invention
  • Figure 2 shows a top plan view of the commercial refrigerator vehicle, shown in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic representation of the refrigerator system of the commercial refrigerator vehicle.
  • Figure 4 shows a top plan view of a second embodiment of a commercial refrigerator vehicle, in accordance with the first aspect of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 With reference firstly to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, there is shown globally a first embodiment of a commercial refrigerator vehicle 10 comprising a wheeled chassis 12 having a cab 14 positioned forwardly on the chassis 12 and a refrigerator compartment 16 located to the rear 18 of the chassis 12.
  • the refrigerator compartment is a closed cuboidal region having insulated walls 20, roof 22 and base 24.
  • the refrigerator compartment 16 is typically sub-divided into at least two sub- compartments; a cool compartment 26 which is refrigerated to around 1 to 5 degrees C, and a frozen compartment 28 which is chilled to around -15 to -20 degrees C.
  • the refrigerator compartment 16 is accessible via at least one compartment door 30 located at the rear 32 or side 34 of the vehicle, and will contain at least one storage means 36 for containers 38 of the refrigerated goods. Any sub-compartments 26, 28 of the refrigerator compartment 16 may also be interconnected by intercompartmental doors 40.
  • the storage means 36 will typically be shelves 42 into which containers 38 can be stacked.
  • an internal combustion engine 44 Forwardly on or within the chassis 12 is mounted an internal combustion engine 44 which has an output for providing the motive power for driving the vehicle 10 via the wheels 46.
  • the internal combustion engine 44 is associated with an alternator 48, which in turn provides electrical power to a vehicle battery pack 50.
  • the vehicle battery pack 50 provides electrical power to many of the standard electrical components of the vehicle 10, most notably the spark or glow plugs used to start the internal combustion engine 44.
  • the internal combustion engine 44 is activatable from within the cab 14 by using an ignition means 52, usually a key.
  • the internal combustion engine is typically a compression-ignition engine, but may be a spark-ignition engine.
  • a driver seat 54 from which a driver can operate the vehicle 10, and a passenger seat 56 adjacent the driver seat 54.
  • a dedicated rechargeable electrical energy storage device 58 in this case being a single rechargeable battery cell 60 preferably utilising one or more Lithium ion cells.
  • the electrical energy storage device 58 is accessible via an access point 62. Through the access point 62 the electrical energy storage device 58 can be either removed, or connected to a mains electricity supply for recharging. Recharging of the electrical energy storage device 58 may be achieved by providing the electrical energy storage device 58 with an electrical connector engagable with an external power cable electrically communicable with the mains electricity supply.
  • the access point 62 would typically be accessible through a cab door 64 on the passenger side 66 of the cab 14.
  • the electrical energy storage device 58 may be recessed below a floor 15 of the cab 14, with the access point 62 being a panel provided in the floor for access to the electrical energy storage device 58.
  • the access point 62 may be a panel located in a rear wall 17 of the cab 14, with the electrical energy storage device 58 being provided in the cab 14 and accessible via an access opening closable via the access panel.
  • the electrical energy storage device 58 is located within the cab 14, it could also be located externally to the cab, for instance attached to an external wall, within the refrigerated compartment itself, or could be located in any other position on or in the vehicle.
  • a charger 68 typically a charge separator drawing electricity from the vehicle battery pack 50.
  • the charger 68 is associated with a controller 70, typically a combi-inverter/charger, which is capable of monitoring a charge status of the electrical energy storage device 58.
  • the controller 70 may also be in communication with the vehicle battery pack 50 and capable of monitoring a charge status thereof.
  • the refrigeration unit 76 provides cooled air to the refrigerator compartment 16 through at least one vent 78 in the front end 72 of the compartment 16 and/or one or more ducts, the ducting being able to supply the discharge cooled air of differing temperatures to the individual compartments, for instance, the cooled and frozen compartments 26, 28, of the refrigerator compartment 16 from the refrigeration unit 76.
  • the refrigeration unit 76 is in electrical communication with at least the electrical energy storage device 58, and preferably also the vehicle battery pack 50.
  • the electrical power provided from either the electrical energy storage device 58 or the vehicle battery pack 50 is used to cool the surrounding air which is then discharged into the refrigerator compartment 16.
  • the electrical energy storage device 58, the vehicle battery pack 50, the charger 68 and the refrigeration unit 76 make up the refrigerator system 80 of the vehicle 10, and this being illustrated in Figure 3.
  • This refrigerator system will have a separate further activation means 82, separate of the activation means 52 of the internal combustion engine 44.
  • a display unit 84 which is in communication with the controller 70, thereby being capable of displaying the charge status of at least the electrical energy storage device 58, and therefore a remaining charge period of the electrical energy storage device 58 to the driver.
  • the display unit 84 may be directly wired to the controller 70, or there may be provided a wireless transmitter 86 associated with the controller 70 capable of transmitting charge status information.
  • the display unit 84 may also display other relevant information, such as the temperatures of the chilled and frozen compartments 26, 28.
  • the controller may be integrally formed with the charger, but could alternatively be formed separately to, whilst still being in electrical communication with, said charger.
  • the wireless transmitter 86 may also be in communication with a remote device 88, for instance a smart-phone or other wireless mobile telecommunications device, enabling the driver to see the charge status of the electrical energy storage device 58 whilst absented from the vehicle 10.
  • the remote device 88 may have a software-enabled signal receiving device for displaying a remaining period of charge of the electrical energy storage device 58 on a screen of the remote device 88 to achieve this end.
  • the vehicle 10 is preferably a grocery van, being approximately 3.5 tonnes in weight and used for transporting chilled foodstuffs to residential locations.
  • a typical journey will involve the driver taking the vehicle 10 to a grocery depot in order to load the refrigerator compartment 16, before driving the vehicle 10 to multiple residential locations in order to deliver the goods.
  • the vehicle 10 At each residential location, the vehicle 10 will be stationary, and therefore the driver would preferably switch off the internal combustion engine 44 to conserve fuel. In present known refrigerator vehicles, this leaves the driver with the choice of either switching off the internal combustion engine, thereby disabling the engine-driven refrigeration unit, or leaving the internal combustion engine running constantly.
  • the refrigeration unit 76 will be in electrical communication with the electrical energy storage device 58 and vehicle battery pack 50, but will be preferentially powered initially via the electrical energy storage device 58. Due to the electrical energy storage device 58 being a single battery cell 60 in the present embodiment, it does not require the internal combustion engine 44 to be running in order to power the refrigeration unit 76.
  • the driver would typically charge the electrical energy storage device 58 via the access point 62 from a mains supply. The driver can then drive the vehicle 10 to a depot or warehouse to collect his first batch of goods to be delivered.
  • the refrigeration unit 76 will be drawing power from the electrical energy storage device 58 to chill the refrigerator compartment 16, and the internal combustion engine 44 will be supplying the motive power to the wheels 46 of the vehicle 10.
  • the driver stops the vehicle 10 and can turn off the internal combustion engine 44 via the engine activation means 52.
  • the electrical energy storage device 58 is independent of the activation status of the internal combustion engine 44, and thereby the refrigeration unit 76 will continue to draw power from the electrical energy storage device 58.
  • deactivation of the internal combustion engine 44 will send a signal to the controller 70 to disable the electrical communication between the refrigeration unit 76 and the vehicle battery pack 50, to prevent accidental draining of the vehicle battery pack 50, which could prevent the internal combustion engine 44 from being restarted.
  • the driver may then make as many deliveries as required, by following the procedure detailed above. This will lead to greatly reduced fuel consumption, as the internal combustion engine 44 will not be consuming fuel whilst the vehicle 10 is stationary.
  • the charge status of the electrical energy storage device 58 is being monitored by the controller 70. This charge status may be relayed to a display unit 84 in the cab 14 for the attention of the driver, or, if installed with a wireless transmitter 86, the charge status may be relayed to a remote device 88, such as a smart-phone.
  • This remote device 88 may be installed with an application to alert the driver to the period of charge remaining within the electrical energy storage device 58, therefore informing the driver as to whether he is required to return to the vehicle 10 earlier than expected due to the depletion of the electrical energy storage device 58.
  • the information relayed may be any of: energy consumption, remaining charge or charging time of the electrical energy storage device 58 to the driver of the vehicle 10. If the electrical energy storage device 58 has spent its energy supply more quickly than anticipated, the controller 70 may be able to disconnect the electrical communication between the electrical energy storage device 58 and the refrigeration unit 76, and reconnect the electrical communication between the vehicle battery pack 50 and the refrigeration unit 76.
  • the controller 70 may do this if the remaining charge of the electrical energy storage device 58 drops to a predetermined threshold, which may be zero charge remaining. This ensures that the refrigeration unit 76 continues to provide cooled air to the refrigerator compartment 16 of the vehicle 10, even if the electrical energy storage device 58 becomes depleted.
  • the controller 70 preferably monitors the charge status of the vehicle battery pack 50, and is capable of disconnecting the electrical communication between the vehicle battery pack 50 and the refrigeration unit 76 if the charge of the vehicle battery pack 50 falls below a predetermined threshold. In this situation, the controller 70 may either switch over to powering the refrigeration unit 76 from the electrical energy storage device 58, or, if the electrical energy storage device 58 is fully depleted, deactivate the refrigeration unit 76.
  • the electrical energy storage device 58 can be recharged via the charger 68. Typically this involves drawing excess electrical energy generated from the alternator 48 during normal operation of the internal combustion engine 44. Therefore, if the driver of the vehicle 10 is alerted to the depletion of the electrical energy storage device 58 whilst delivering, he is able to return to the vehicle 10 and utilise the internal combustion engine 44 for a short-term boost in the charge of the electrical energy storage device 58, and therefore continue to power the refrigeration unit 76.
  • the controller 70 of the electrical energy storage device 58 may also have a 'power- save' circuit 71, whereby the refrigerator system 80 is temperature-independently deactivated and reactivated during a normal activation period, utilising a residual cooling effect within the refrigerator system and the thermally insulated compartments to substantially maintain a required interior temperature. Since the refrigerator compartment 16 of the vehicle 10 is thermally insulated, the refrigeration unit 76 does not necessarily have to be permanently operational in order to maintain temperature. To reduce energy consumption therefore, the 'power-save' circuit 71 may intermittently disrupt the electrical communication between the electrical energy storage device 58 and the refrigeration unit 76. Alternatively, a 'power-save' mode could be automatically dependent upon a temperature registered in the refrigerator compartment 16.
  • FIG. 4 Another vehicle of note would be an articulated refrigerator vehicle 110, depicted in Figure 4 as a second embodiment of the invention, having a tractor unit 190 and a trailer unit 192. Parts which are similar to those of the first embodiment have a reference with ' 100' added, and therefore further detailed description is omitted.
  • the refrigerator system 180 would be split between the tractor unit 190 and trailer unit 192, the refrigeration unit 176 being installed on the trailer unit 192, whilst the remaining components, being the electrical energy storage device 158, the charger 168, the vehicle battery pack 150, are installed in the tractor unit 102.
  • the refrigeration unit 176 is likely to consume considerably more power than the corresponding unit 76.
  • the electrical energy storage device 158 in this instance may comprise a bank of batteries 194, thereby providing a greater energy storage capacity.
  • This bank of batteries 194 will typically take up a much greater volume than the single battery cell 60, and thus it may be preferable to replace the passenger seat in the tractor unit 190 with the bank of batteries 194 rather than losing valuable storage space within the refrigerator compartment 116.
  • the controller 170 may selectively and dynamically choose which of the individual batteries 160 should be used at any given time to provide power to the refrigeration unit 176. The controller 170 does this by monitoring the individual charge status of each individual battery 160. Initially, the controller will choose the battery cell or cells 160 with the greatest remaining charge to power the refrigeration unit 176. The charger 168 is then able to charge the remaining battery cells 160, should the internal combustion engine 144 be active. The controller 170 may then choose to switch which battery cell or cells 160 is/are providing the electrical power to the refrigeration unit 168 as the initial battery cell or cells 160 become depleted.
  • any type of goods which require chilling or freezing could also be transported.
  • any type of electrical energy storage device may be inserted into the chassis of the vehicle. This could extend to any number of batteries in parallel, or any type of electrical storage means, provided it is independent of the internal combustion engine.
  • the access point for the electrical energy storage device is described as being through the passenger door, it could alternatively be underneath or to the rear of the cab.
  • the refrigerator compartment will also likely only have a single chilled section, or a chilled compartment and a frozen compartment, but these are not the only possible configurations of the refrigerator compartment. Any number of refrigerator compartments could be provided, at any number of temperatures, and therefore there are too many configurations to be exhaustively listed here. It is also clear that although a cuboidal refrigerator compartment is the simplest compartment to construct, other shapes of compartment are possible.
  • a commercial refrigerator vehicle for the transport of refrigerated produce
  • the commercial refrigerator vehicle comprising a wheeled chassis, a cab mounted on the wheeled chassis, an internal combustion engine having an output for driving one or more wheels of the wheeled chassis, a refrigerator compartment on the wheeled chassis for the storage of produce to be refrigerated, and a refrigerator system for controlling interior temperature of the refrigerator compartment.
  • the refrigerator system includes a refrigeration unit for discharging refrigerated air into the refrigerator compartment, a dedicated rechargeable electrical energy storage device housed in the cab for supplying electrical energy to the refrigeration unit, a vehicle battery pack chargeable directly or indirectly via the internal combustion engine, and a charger for charging the dedicated rechargeable electrical energy storage device via the vehicle battery pack, the charger including a controller for monitoring an activation status of the internal combustion engine and electrically disconnecting the vehicle battery pack from the dedicated rechargeable electrical energy storage device when the internal combustion engine is deactivated.
  • Using such a vehicle having such a refrigerator system allows a driver to turn off the main engine of the vehicle when making deliveries, without needing to worry about the refrigerator system deactivating.
  • the driver can be alerted to the charge depletion within the electrical energy storage device via a smartphone application if necessary.
  • the result is a reduction in fuel consumption of the vehicle, thereby reducing the cost and waste gas emission of the vehicle.
  • the words 'comprises/comprising' and the words 'having/including' when used herein with reference to the present invention are used to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, components or groups thereof.

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  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
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  • Transportation (AREA)
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  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un véhicule de réfrigération commercial (10; 110) destiné au transport de produits réfrigérés, le véhicule de réfrigération commercial (10; 110) comprenant un châssis (12; 112) sur roues, une cabine (14; 114) monté sur le châssis (12; 112) sur roues, un moteur à combustion interne (44; 144) possédant une sortie pour entraîner une ou plusieurs roues (46) du châssis (12; 112) sur roues, un compartiment de réfrigération (16) sur le châssis (12; 112) sur roues pour le stockage de produits à réfrigérer, et un système de réfrigération (80) pour commander la température intérieure du compartiment de réfrigération (16). Le système de réfrigération (80) comprend une unité de réfrigération (76; 176) pour rejeter de l'air réfrigéré dans le compartiment de réfrigération (16), un dispositif de stockage d'énergie électrique rechargeable dédié (58; 158) logé dans la cabine (14; 114) pour fournir de l'énergie électrique à l'unité de réfrigération (76; 176), un bloc-batterie (50; 150) de véhicule pouvant être chargé directement ou indirectement par l'intermédiaire du moteur à combustion interne (44; 144), et un chargeur (68; 168) pour charger le dispositif de stockage d'énergie électrique rechargeable dédié (58; 158) par l'intermédiaire du bloc-batterie (50; 150) de véhicule. Le chargeur (68; 168) comprend, de préférence, un dispositif de commande (70; 170) pour surveiller un état d'activation du moteur à combustion interne (44; 144) et déconnecte électriquement le bloc-batterie (50; 150) de véhicule du dispositif de stockage d'énergie électrique rechargeable dédié (58; 158) lorsque le moteur à combustion interne (44; 144) est désactivé. L'invention concerne en outre un procédé 20 consistant à charger le système de réfrigération (80) par l'intermédiaire du dispositif de stockage d'énergie électrique (44; 144).
PCT/GB2014/052805 2014-01-29 2014-09-16 Perfectionnements apportés et se rapportant à un système de réfrigération pour véhicule Ceased WO2015114287A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15/115,239 US10322616B2 (en) 2014-01-29 2014-09-16 Vehicular refrigerator system
AU2014380938A AU2014380938A1 (en) 2014-01-29 2014-09-16 Improvements in and relating to a vehicular refrigerator system
CA2975041A CA2975041A1 (fr) 2014-01-29 2014-09-16 Perfectionnements apportes et se rapportant a un systeme de refrigeration pour vehicule
EP14787010.9A EP3031089A2 (fr) 2014-01-29 2014-09-16 Perfectionnements apportés et se rapportant à un système de réfrigération pour véhicule
ZA2016/05957A ZA201605957B (en) 2014-01-29 2016-08-25 Improvements in and relating to a vehicular refrigerator system

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GB1401509.3 2014-01-29
GB1401509.3A GB2513944B (en) 2014-01-29 2014-01-29 Improvements in and relating to a vehicular refrigerator system

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WO2015114287A2 true WO2015114287A2 (fr) 2015-08-06
WO2015114287A3 WO2015114287A3 (fr) 2015-10-29

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US (1) US10322616B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3031089A2 (fr)
AU (1) AU2014380938A1 (fr)
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GB (1) GB2513944B (fr)
WO (1) WO2015114287A2 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201605957B (fr)

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Publication number Publication date
CA2975041A1 (fr) 2015-08-06
US20170210194A1 (en) 2017-07-27
ZA201605957B (en) 2018-11-28
WO2015114287A3 (fr) 2015-10-29
US10322616B2 (en) 2019-06-18
EP3031089A2 (fr) 2016-06-15
GB201401509D0 (en) 2014-03-12
AU2014380938A1 (en) 2016-09-15
GB2513944B (en) 2015-04-08
GB2513944A (en) 2014-11-12

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