WO2015114191A1 - Transmission mechanism for optimising gear changes in bicycles - Google Patents

Transmission mechanism for optimising gear changes in bicycles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015114191A1
WO2015114191A1 PCT/ES2015/070051 ES2015070051W WO2015114191A1 WO 2015114191 A1 WO2015114191 A1 WO 2015114191A1 ES 2015070051 W ES2015070051 W ES 2015070051W WO 2015114191 A1 WO2015114191 A1 WO 2015114191A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmission mechanism
bicycles
change
bottom bracket
optimize
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
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PCT/ES2015/070051
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Juan Carlos PARENTE LÓPEZ
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from ES201430114A external-priority patent/ES2460816B1/en
Priority claimed from ES201530045A external-priority patent/ES2580013B1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2015114191A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015114191A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62MRIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M3/00Construction of cranks operated by hand or foot
    • B62M3/003Combination of crank axles and bearings housed in the bottom bracket
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62MRIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M1/00Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles
    • B62M1/10Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles involving devices which enable the mechanical storing and releasing of energy occasionally, e.g. arrangement of flywheels
    • B62M1/105Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles involving devices which enable the mechanical storing and releasing of energy occasionally, e.g. arrangement of flywheels using elastic elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16DCOUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D41/00Freewheels or freewheel clutches
    • F16D41/24Freewheels or freewheel clutches specially adapted for cycles
    • F16D41/30Freewheels or freewheel clutches specially adapted for cycles with hinged pawl co-operating with teeth, cogs, or the like

Definitions

  • the invention refers to a transmission mechanism to optimize the change of gears in bicycles, which provides a series of innovative structural and constitutive characteristics, which will be described in detail below and which represent a remarkable novelty within its field of application.
  • the object of the invention focuses on a mechanism or transmission system for bicycles, encompassing said term in this description, in addition to a bicycle as such, also any other human-powered pedal vehicle such as tricycles, quadricycles, or others, and that, being said mechanism the one destined to convert the speed and the pair through transmission relations of which, in addition, incorporates a change of gears to vary at will the development of the same, presents the particularity that , the group of sprockets, instead of being free as is conventional, are fixed sprocket, that is, integral to the rear wheel axle, while the plate or serrated plates that moved by the pedals drive the transmission chain are free and they can rotate freely in the central axis that joins the cranks of the pedals in one direction and be engaged in the opposite direction, when pedaling forward, advantageously allowing
  • the gearshift can be activated at any time while the bicycle is in motion, regardless of whether the driver is pedaling or not, so it can be said that the driving possibilities of said gearshift are optimized.
  • said mechanism has a freewheel system that is incorporated in the bottom bracket to ensure the described possibility of free rotation in one direction and engages in the opposite of the plate or serrated plates, said freewheel being specifically designed to present a minimum thickness and allow the free rotation of the plate without hardly any friction, and said bottom bracket with its connecting rods designed to allow easy assembly and disassembly of the free pinion, all of which contributes to making feasible and optimal the realization of this type of mechanism of transmission.
  • the field of application of the present invention falls within the sector of the industry dedicated to the manufacture of bicycles and similar vehicles of human traction with pedals, particularly focusing on the field of transmission systems of said vehicles and, consequently, on the manufacture of the different elements that integrate them.
  • generally bicycles and similar pedal vehicles that have a transmission ratio mechanism, comprise pedals on which the cyclist acts with his legs and that are attached to connecting rods mounted on both sides of an axle on which at least one toothed plate is incorporated that drives, by means of a transmission chain, a freewheel system that, in turn, drives the rear wheel.
  • the mechanism contemplates a change of gears that, being able to present different configurations or operating systems, in general is operated through derailleurs moved by a cable that the driver controls from pins or similar device located on the handlebar, there being one to change the position of the chain in the sprocket system and another to change the position of the chain in the plate, if there is more than one.
  • the bicycles with gearshift have up to three serrated plates of three different sizes on the crankshaft and, therefore, with different number of teeth where the chain engages, and multiple sprockets on the rear wheel axle, each consisting of one in a toothed crown with different number of teeth, being placed in descending order from the largest in the inner part to the smallest in the outermost part.
  • this configuration presents a series of limitations for driving, since to be able to change gears, and therefore, to be able to pass the chain from one sprocket to the next or from one plate to another, it is essential that the chain is in movement and, for this, since the plates are integral with the axis of the cranks where the pedals are located, it is necessary that the driver is moving the pedals.
  • This need in certain circumstances, may not be easy to carry out, for example in a descent when a very short relationship is still applied that was applied to rise, for example in a closed curve that causes the pedal at the end of the connecting rod rubbing with the ground for example because you have to be aware of balance control at a given time, etc.
  • the described conventional arrangement of the freewheel system also supposes another important drawback in the field of bicycle manufacturing, on the one hand, as it constitutes a complex element that greatly increases its manufacturing cost and, on the other hand , because when specifying the corresponding spaces for the hooks of each of the pinions, it is necessary to occupy a space on only one of the sides of the wheel axle that makes the number of said pinions thong to be always limited at most to eleven, because otherwise the balance of the whole is varied compromised.
  • the objective of the present invention is therefore to provide the market with a new type of transmission system for bicycles with gearshift that allows avoiding such inconveniences in a practical, economical and simple way,
  • a second objective of the present invention is, at the same time, to develop a novel freewheel system whose structural configuration is specifically designed to be applicable to said transmission mechanism and have a minimum thickness so that, when coupled to the bottom bracket the rod ends that the connecting rods, this element does not suppose the loss of the Q factor but, at the same time, allows to include in its interior the sufficient number of bearings to provide the ease of free rotation necessary to optimize the operation of the transmission mechanism with plate of free rotation, avoiding to the maximum the existence of frictions that hinder the smoothness of said rotation and whose consequence is a bad functionality of the system.
  • the Q factor is the distance between the legs when pedaling and, therefore, has great relevance in the biomechanics, health and performance of the cyclist.
  • manufacturers of bicycle components call the maximum distance between the centers of the connecting rods factor Q, or in other words, the distance between the external faces of both connecting rods, just at the point where the pedals are screwed. This distance is not exactly the distance of our legs when pedaling, so it is called the maximum Q Factor. Knowing the maximum Q Factor of a connecting rod, you can calculate the minimum Q factor that is the distance between the tip and tip of both pedals. Once the pedal is bolted to the connecting rod, the distance between the external face of the connecting rod and the external part of the pedal must be added to calculate said minimum Q factor.
  • Bicycles in general, can have bottom brackets between 68 and 93 mm, and the Q factor between 158 and 170 mm, recommended measures, and to be able to include the freewheel system within these parameters it is necessary to design a sprocket system free as narrow as possible between 10-12 mm without losing mechanical resistance.
  • the present invention it is intended to perfect said freewheel to allow free rotation of the plate without hardly any friction, by incorporating an appropriate set of bearings therein, since otherwise the transmission mechanism would not work correctly and its real application to be used on a bicycle, especially in the case of racing bicycles, MTB etc. It would not be feasible.
  • another of the technical problems that the free pinion of this certificate intends to solve is the volume, in terms of its thickness, which it occupies when it is coupled to the bottom bracket, so as not to affect the Q factor and since the material must have the sufficient resistance to withstand the stress to which it is subjected and, in addition, it must incorporate sufficient bearings for its optimal operation.
  • the freewheel system is made up of several pieces coupled in parallel within an outer ring that, in turn, is fixed to the plate, and between which two rings are counted of bearing located on both sides of the gear crown, counting each bearing ring and said crown with a minimum width of between 10 to 12mm to provide them with the necessary strength to withstand the degree of effort they should perform, so that at add them the thickness of the ring will easily exceed 20mm.
  • This fact makes the system not optimal since the assembly with will achieve an adequate Q factor, the objective of the present invention being to improve the design of this type of freewheel systems to make it much narrower without losing rolling effectiveness.
  • the transmission mechanism to optimize the change of gears in bicycles that the invention proposes is configured as a remarkable novelty within its field of application, since according to its implementation and in a restrictive way, the aforementioned objectives are satisfactorily achieved , the characterizing details distinguishing it from what is already known, conveniently included in the final claims that accompany the present description.
  • what the invention proposes is a transmission system for a bicycle or other similar cycle that, either factory incorporated or subsequently incorporated after a mechanical transformation, unlike what is conventionally known, presents the innovative feature of counting, on the one hand, with a group or system of pinions in the rear wheel that, instead of free, are fixed and are incorporated to the axle of the same forming a solidarity piece, so that all of them always move with the wheel; and, on the other hand, with one, two or three serrated plates that are free-turning, that is, they are incorporated in the central axis that joins the cranks of the pedals so that they can freely rotate in one direction on said axis and be engaged in the opposite direction, so that, when you stop pedaling, the plates will continue to rotate if the wheel moves even if the cranks do not move, since the sprockets will rotate with the rear wheel and, in turn, the chain will follow moving, and when pedaling, the plates will engage in the ratchet of a freewheel system provided for this purpose
  • any of the deraille of the gearshift can be operated at any desired time, with the sole premise that the bicycle (and therefore the rear wheel) is moving, but without it being necessary be pedaling and moving the cranks and plates for it, because as it has explained, with this innovative transmission system, being the free-spinning plates, the chain will continue to move whenever the bicycle moves, regardless of whether it is pedaled or not.
  • the aforementioned freewheel system for coupling to the plate and the bottom bracket so that it turns free in one direction and engages in the opposite direction, when pedaling constitutes an element with hardly any friction when it turns free, which also occupies a minimum space on said bottom bracket so as not to lose the measures of factor Q or mechanical resistance.
  • said freewheel is configured from an annular housing no more than 12mm thick, in which they are fitted, housed internally and fixed by a cover, a toothed wheel and two pairs of bearing rings, in addition to the minus a gear trigger.
  • said gearwheel which is fitted tightly with a minimum tolerance between the housing and the cover that are joined together by several screws, is provided with two machined grooves as concentric circles on both sides of the same and externally to its hollow serrated center, through which the assembly is coupled to the bottom bracket.
  • both the housing and the cover also have two machining in the form of circular and concentric grooves with the same arrangement and dimensions as those of both sides of the wheel, so that they coincide with the three parts.
  • the carcass is a mechanized metal part that, externally, has radially disposed fins for fixing to the plate, but, in addition, and according to an optional but preferred feature of the invention, the central hollow of the carcass exposes the central area of the cogwheel that houses inside it being provided that it is fixed to the end of the bottom bracket, by means of a simple screw with a large tightening surface, which jointly holds the connecting rod and said cogwheel, with which its assembly and disassembly It is very fast, simple and safe.
  • At least one of the connecting rods preferably the right connecting rod that is next to the one the plate and the chain are coupled, unlike what is usual, it is independent of the bottom bracket, facilitating the aforementioned rapid removal of the freewheel thanks to the aforementioned clamping screw between connecting rod and axle, being a screw that has a large surface to help make the whole more rigid.
  • the main advantage of the system described is that it allows the transmission development to be modified, that is, to make a gear change, both with plate displacement and with pinion displacement, at the moment when the driver wants and not at the moment when it is possible as with the current systems, this being a very important circumstance to take into account, for example, when it comes to competition cycling, even more so if it comes to MTB cycling, since changing Marching at a time of difficulty balancing, slope, curve or all together can lead to losing important classification possibilities.
  • Figure number 1 Shows a side elevation view of a bicycle with gearshift to which an example of the transmission mechanism has been incorporated to optimize the change of bike rides, object of the invention.
  • Figure number 2. It shows an enlarged view of the transmission mechanism, according to the invention, which incorporates the bicycle shown in figure 1, showing in greater detail the main parts and elements it comprises and its characteristics.
  • Figure number 3. Shows a very schematic view in front elevation of an example of a group of pinions fixed to the axle of the rear wheel that contemplates the transmission mechanism of the invention.
  • Figure number 4. It shows a view, also very schematic, in side elevation of the example of a group of pinions fixed to the axis that contemplates the recommended mechanism, shown in the previous figure.
  • Figure number 5. Shows an elevation view of an example of a free plate coupled to the central axis of the connecting rods that contemplates the transmission mechanism of the invention.
  • Figures 6 and 7.- They show, respectively, an elevation view of the central part and of the disc that allow the free rotation of the serrated plates to the central axis that joins the cranks of the pedals, according to the example of the figure 5.
  • Figure number 8.- Shows a side elevation view of an example of the assembly that form the bottom bracket with the two connecting rods and an alternative example of a freewheel system that can be coupled to the mechanism of the invention, showing its general configuration and arrangement of each piece.
  • Figure 9 shows a front elevational view of the example of the freewheel system, according to the invention, shown in Figure 8, which has been shown with all its parts coupled and screwed.
  • Figures number 10 and 1 1 show two sectional views of the freewheel system shown in figure 9, according to section AA and section BB respectively, indicated in said figure 9, showing the configuration of the pieces that form it and their arrangement inside.
  • Figure number 12.- Shows an enlarged view of the detail C indicated in the section of figure 1 1, showing the circular and concentric grooves provided in the gearwheel, the casing and the freewheel cover, having included in this figure the bearings for which these grooves are designed.
  • Figure number 13. Shows a perspective and exploded view of the pinion system free, according to the mechanism of the invention, the general configuration of each of the pieces that form it being appreciated.
  • figure number 14 Shows a sectional view, according to a longitudinal section, of the set of bottom bracket, connecting rods and freewheel shown in figure 8, so that the coupling can be seen by means of screws with a large surface area between said elements.
  • the bicycle shown has a single serrated plate (7) and, therefore, with a gearshift (3) that only contemplates a shifting mechanism to vary the position of the chain ( 4) in the different toothed crowns (51) that make up the group of pinions, which, as indicated, have the particularity of being incorporated to the rear axle (1 1) of the rear wheel so that they rotate integral to it.
  • a gearshift (3) that only contemplates a shifting mechanism to vary the position of the chain ( 4) in the different toothed crowns (51) that make up the group of pinions, which, as indicated, have the particularity of being incorporated to the rear axle (1 1) of the rear wheel so that they rotate integral to it.
  • different possibilities are contemplated, either forming the same solidarity piece, each crown (51) being welded to the rear axle (1 1) or forming one or several independent pieces that are fixed to the rear axle (1 1) of the rear wheel (1 6) by threading.
  • said fixed incorporation allows the assembly to occupy less space than a free group or pinion system, therefore, it is possible to incorporate a larger number of crowns in the same space since the corresponding trigger system is dispensed with that meshes each of the crowns in conventional systems of freewheel
  • FIGS 3 and 4 in which a very schematic representation of the group of pinions (5) is shown in an example thereof with only four crowns (51), these simply consist of a serrated external edge disc , so that, in addition to occupying a minimum space at the end of the rear axle (1 1) to which they are jointly and severally attached, their manufacture is also much simpler and easier, as it lacks, as has been said, the internal trigger and gear system and, consequently, of lower economic cost.
  • the serrated plates (7) contemplated by the mechanism of the invention are coupled to the bottom bracket (8) by means of a central part (13) in whose center , in turn, an internal toothing (131) is contemplated in which several movable triggers (12) incorporated in equidistant points of the edges of a disc (14) integral with the bottom bracket (8) are engaged, said inner toothing being logically ( 131) and said triggers (12) arranged so that, only when pedaling forward, the gearing occurs and consequently the rotation of the plate (7) exerting traction on the chain (4), however allowing the free rotation of the plate ( 7) If you don't pedal.
  • Figure 6 shows more clearly the configuration of said central part (13) and in figure 7 that of the disc (14) incorporating the mobile triggers (12), the latter represented in a larger size to allow a better observation thereof.
  • the transmission mechanism (1) described contemplates the incorporation, in the central axis or bottom bracket (8) that joins the two connecting rods (9) of the pedals a freewheel (100) attachable to the plate (7) so that it can turn freely in one direction and be engaged in the opposite.
  • said freewheel (100) is configured from an annular piece in which a gear wheel (103) is contemplated, at least one trigger (12) actuated by a spring that engages in the gear of said gearwheel (103) and bearings (104), with the particularity that said annular part is a machined piece in the form of a housing (101) having a thickness (g) of between 10 to 12mm, and inside which, fixed by means of a cover (102), incorporates the gearwheel (103), the trigger (12) and two pairs of rings with multiple spherical bearings (104).
  • the housing (101) and the cover (102) which are connected together by several screws (105), the cogwheel (103) being centered between them so that the fixing does not affect its rotation and the toothed recess ( 106) presenting said wheel is centered on the housing hollow (101).
  • the cogwheel is provided with two grooves (107) machined as concentric circles on both sides thereof, which coincide with respective complementary grooves (107) provided on the inner face of the housing (101) and on the face inside the cover (102), to accommodate the said spherical bearings (104).
  • the housing is a mechanized metal part that, externally, has orified fins (108) located in radial arrangement for fixing to the plate by screwing.
  • the assembly of this freewheel (100) is fixed to the end of the bottom bracket (8) through the insertion of the toothed recess (106) of the toothed wheel (103) into a splined end (81) of said axis, having also provided that at least one of the connecting rods (9), which is coupled next to the plate (7), is independent of the bottom bracket (8) and is coupled to the splined end (81) thereof,
  • the freewheel (100) is secured by means of a screw or bolt with a large surface area (109) that threads into the threaded hole of said grooved end (81) of the bottom bracket (8), facilitating the quick assembly and disassembly of the pinion free (100), as well as the connecting rod (9).
  • the design of the groove of the aforementioned grooved ends (81) is consistent and complementary to the design of the teeth of the toothed recess (106) of the toothed wheel (103) where said end of the bottom bracket (8) fits.
  • the bottom bracket (8) is composed of a central rod (80), which constitutes the axis itself, at whose two ends respective couplings (82) are incorporated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a transmission mechanism for optimising gear changes in bicycles, wherein the group of sprockets (5) is secured to the rear axle (11) and the chainring (7) or chainrings of the crankset (8) can rotate freely in one direction and mesh in the opposite direction, via a free-wheel sprocket (100) which consists of an annular casing (101) having a thickness (g) of 10 to 12 mm, inside of which are provided — attached via a cover (102) — the toothed wheel (103), the ratchet (12) and two pairs of rings with multiple spherical bearings (104). The toothed wheel is provided with corresponding grooves (107) machined as concentric circles on either side thereof, coinciding with respective complementary grooves (107) of the inner surface of the casing (101) and of the cover (102), in order to house the spherical bearings (104) therein.

Description

DESCRIPCIÓN  DESCRIPTION

MECANISMO DE TRANSMISION PARA OPTIMIZAR EL CAMBIO DE MARCHAS EN BICICLETAS TRANSMISSION MECHANISM TO OPTIMIZE CHANGE CHANGE IN BICYCLES

OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

La invención, tal como expresa el enunciado de la presente memoria descriptiva, se refiere a un mecanismo de transmisión para optimizar el cambio de marchas en bicicletas, el cual aporta una serie de innovadoras características estructurales y constitutivas, que se describirán en detalle más adelante y que suponen una destacable novedad dentro de su campo de aplicación. The invention, as expressed in the present specification, refers to a transmission mechanism to optimize the change of gears in bicycles, which provides a series of innovative structural and constitutive characteristics, which will be described in detail below and which represent a remarkable novelty within its field of application.

Más en particular, el objeto de la invención se centra en un mecanismo o sistema de transmisión para bicicletas, englobando dicho término en esta descripción, además de una bicicleta como tal, también cualquier otro vehículo de tracción humana a pedales como triciclos, cuadriciclos, u otros, y que, siendo dicho mecanismo el destinado a convertir la velocidad y el par a través de relaciones de transmisión de los que, además, incorpora un cambio de marchas para variar a voluntad el desarrollo del mismo, presenta la particularidad de que en él, el grupo de piñones, en lugar de ser libres como es convencional, son piñón fijo, es decir, solidarios al eje de la rueda trasera, mientras que el plato o platos dentados que movidos por los pedales impulsan la cadena de transmisión son libres y pueden girar libremente en el eje central que une las bielas de los pedales en un sentido y ser engranados en el sentido contrario, al pedalear hacia adelante, permitiendo ventajosamente que el cambio de marchas se pueda accionar en cualquier momento mientras la bicicleta esté en movimiento, independientemente de si el conductor pedalea o no, por lo que se puede decir que se optimizan las posibilidades de accionamiento de dicho cambio de marchas. Además, el citado mecanismo cuenta con un sistema de piñón libre que se incorpora en el eje pedalier para procurar la descrita posibilidad de giro libre en un sentido y de engrane en el opuesto del plato o platos dentados, estando dicho piñón libre específicamente diseñado para presentar un mínimo grosor y permitir el giro libre del plato sin apenas fricción, y dicho eje pedalier con sus bielas diseñados para permitir un montaje y desmontaje fácil del piñón libre, todo lo cual contribuye a hacer factible y óptima la realización de este tipo de mecanismo de transmisión. CAMPO DE APLICACIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN More particularly, the object of the invention focuses on a mechanism or transmission system for bicycles, encompassing said term in this description, in addition to a bicycle as such, also any other human-powered pedal vehicle such as tricycles, quadricycles, or others, and that, being said mechanism the one destined to convert the speed and the pair through transmission relations of which, in addition, incorporates a change of gears to vary at will the development of the same, presents the particularity that , the group of sprockets, instead of being free as is conventional, are fixed sprocket, that is, integral to the rear wheel axle, while the plate or serrated plates that moved by the pedals drive the transmission chain are free and they can rotate freely in the central axis that joins the cranks of the pedals in one direction and be engaged in the opposite direction, when pedaling forward, advantageously allowing The gearshift can be activated at any time while the bicycle is in motion, regardless of whether the driver is pedaling or not, so it can be said that the driving possibilities of said gearshift are optimized. Furthermore, said mechanism has a freewheel system that is incorporated in the bottom bracket to ensure the described possibility of free rotation in one direction and engages in the opposite of the plate or serrated plates, said freewheel being specifically designed to present a minimum thickness and allow the free rotation of the plate without hardly any friction, and said bottom bracket with its connecting rods designed to allow easy assembly and disassembly of the free pinion, all of which contributes to making feasible and optimal the realization of this type of mechanism of transmission. FIELD OF APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION

El campo de aplicación de la presente invención se enmarca dentro del sector de la industria dedicada a la fabricación de bicicletas y vehículos similares de tracción humana a pedales, centrándose particularmente en el ámbito de los sistemas de transmisión de dichos vehículos y, consecuentemente, en la fabricación de los diferentes elementos que los integran. ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN The field of application of the present invention falls within the sector of the industry dedicated to the manufacture of bicycles and similar vehicles of human traction with pedals, particularly focusing on the field of transmission systems of said vehicles and, consequently, on the manufacture of the different elements that integrate them. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Como es sabido, generalmente las bicicletas y vehículos a pedales similares que cuentan con mecanismo de relaciones de transmisión, comprenden unos pedales sobre los que el ciclista actúa con sus piernas y que están unidos a unas bielas montadas a ambos lados de un eje en el que se incorpora, al menos, un plato dentado que impulsa, mediante una cadena de transmisión, un sistema de piñón libre que, a su vez, impulsa la rueda trasera. Además, para variar el tipo de relación o desarrollo de la transmisión, el mecanismo contempla un cambio de marchas que, pudiendo presentar diferentes configuraciones o sistemas de funcionamiento, en general se acciona a través de unos desviadores movidos por un cable que el conductor controla desde unas clavijas o dispositivo análogo situadas en el manillar, existiendo una para cambiar la posición de la cadena en el sistema de piñones y otra para cambiar la posición de la cadena en el plato, en caso de existir más de uno. Normalmente las bicicletas con cambio de marchas tienen hasta tres platos dentados de tres tamaños distintos en el eje de las bielas y, por tanto, con distinto número de dientes donde engrana la cadena, y múltiples piñones en el eje de la rueda trasera, consistentes cada uno en una corona dentada con distintos número de dientes, estando colocados en orden descendente desde el mayor en la parte interna al menor en la parte más externa. As is known, generally bicycles and similar pedal vehicles that have a transmission ratio mechanism, comprise pedals on which the cyclist acts with his legs and that are attached to connecting rods mounted on both sides of an axle on which at least one toothed plate is incorporated that drives, by means of a transmission chain, a freewheel system that, in turn, drives the rear wheel. In addition, to vary the type of relationship or development of the transmission, the mechanism contemplates a change of gears that, being able to present different configurations or operating systems, in general is operated through derailleurs moved by a cable that the driver controls from pins or similar device located on the handlebar, there being one to change the position of the chain in the sprocket system and another to change the position of the chain in the plate, if there is more than one. Normally, the bicycles with gearshift have up to three serrated plates of three different sizes on the crankshaft and, therefore, with different number of teeth where the chain engages, and multiple sprockets on the rear wheel axle, each consisting of one in a toothed crown with different number of teeth, being placed in descending order from the largest in the inner part to the smallest in the outermost part.

Pues bien, esta configuración presenta una serie de limitaciones para la conducción, ya que para poder cambiar de marcha, y por tanto, poder hacer pasar la cadena de un piñón al siguiente o de un plato a otro, es imprescindible que la cadena esté en movimiento y, para ello, dado que los platos son solidarios con el eje de las bielas en las que se encuentran los pedales, es necesario que el conductor esté moviendo los pedales. Esta necesidad, en determinadas circunstancias puede no ser fácil de llevar a cabo, por ejemplo en una bajada cuando aún está puesta una relación muy corta que se aplicó para subir, por ejemplo en una curva cerrada que hace que el pedal en el extremo de la biela roce con el suelo, por ejemplo porque se ha de estar pendiente del control del equilibrio en un momento dado, etc. Well, this configuration presents a series of limitations for driving, since to be able to change gears, and therefore, to be able to pass the chain from one sprocket to the next or from one plate to another, it is essential that the chain is in movement and, for this, since the plates are integral with the axis of the cranks where the pedals are located, it is necessary that the driver is moving the pedals. This need, in certain circumstances, may not be easy to carry out, for example in a descent when a very short relationship is still applied that was applied to rise, for example in a closed curve that causes the pedal at the end of the connecting rod rubbing with the ground for example because you have to be aware of balance control at a given time, etc.

Por otra parte, la descrita disposición convencional del sistema de piñones libres también supone otro importante inconveniente en el ámbito de la fabricación de bicicletas, por una parte, al constituir un elemento complejo que encarece en gran medida su coste de fabricación y, por otra parte, porque al precisar de los correspondientes espacios para los gatillos de enganche de cada uno de los piñones, se hace necesaria la ocupación de un espacio en uno solo de los lados del eje de la rueda que hace que el número de dichos piñones tanga que ser siempre limitado como mucho a once, pues de otro modo se varía comprometido el equilibrio del conjunto. On the other hand, the described conventional arrangement of the freewheel system also supposes another important drawback in the field of bicycle manufacturing, on the one hand, as it constitutes a complex element that greatly increases its manufacturing cost and, on the other hand , because when specifying the corresponding spaces for the hooks of each of the pinions, it is necessary to occupy a space on only one of the sides of the wheel axle that makes the number of said pinions thong to be always limited at most to eleven, because otherwise the balance of the whole is varied compromised.

El objetivo de la presente invención es, pues, dotar al mercado de un nuevo tipo de sistema de transmisión para bicicletas con cambio de marchas que permita evitar tales inconvenientes de una manera práctica, económica y sencilla, The objective of the present invention is therefore to provide the market with a new type of transmission system for bicycles with gearshift that allows avoiding such inconveniences in a practical, economical and simple way,

Además, un segundo objetivo de la presente invención es, al mismo tiempo, desarrollar un novedoso sistema de piñón libre cuya configuración estructural esté específicamente diseñada para ser aplicable a dicho mecanismo de transmisión y presentar un mínimo grosor de manera que, al acoplar al eje pedalier los caequillos que las bielas, este elemento no suponga la pérdida del factor Q pero, al mismo tiempo, permita incluir en su interior el número suficiente de rodamientos para proporcionar la facilidad de libre giro necesaria para optimizar el funcionamiento del mecanismo de transmisión con plato de giro libre, evitando al máximo la existencia de fricciones que obstaculizan la suavidad de dicho giro y cuya consecuencia es una mala funcionalidad del sistema. In addition, a second objective of the present invention is, at the same time, to develop a novel freewheel system whose structural configuration is specifically designed to be applicable to said transmission mechanism and have a minimum thickness so that, when coupled to the bottom bracket the rod ends that the connecting rods, this element does not suppose the loss of the Q factor but, at the same time, allows to include in its interior the sufficient number of bearings to provide the ease of free rotation necessary to optimize the operation of the transmission mechanism with plate of free rotation, avoiding to the maximum the existence of frictions that hinder the smoothness of said rotation and whose consequence is a bad functionality of the system.

Como es conocido, el factor Q es la distancia que existe entre las piernas al pedalear y, por tanto, tiene una gran relevancia en la biomecánica, la salud y el rendimiento del ciclista. De hecho, los fabricantes de componentes para bicicletas denominan factor Q a la distancia máxima entre los centros de las bielas, o dicho de otro modo, la distancia existente entre las caras externas de ambas bielas, justo en el punto donde se atornillan los pedales. Esta distancia no es exactamente la distancia de nuestras piernas al pedalear, por lo que se la denomina Factor Q máximo. Conociendo el Factor Q máximo de una biela, se puede calcular el factor Q mínimo que es la distancia existente entre punta y punta de ambos pedales. Una vez el pedal está atornillado a la biela, la distancia entre la cara externa de la biela y la parte externa del pedal se deben sumar para calcular dicho factor Q mínimo, De este modo tan sencillo, obtenemos el factor Q funcional de las bielas, que es la distancia existente entre centro y centro de ambos pedales y que, para un óptimo pedaleo, debe coincidir con la separación de las piernas al pedalear, siendo una medida mucho más importante de lo que parece para cualquier ciclista, ya que permite utilizar correctamente los músculos de la pierna en carga, extensión y flexión, y, por tanto, afecta al rendimiento y a la salud del ciclista. As is known, the Q factor is the distance between the legs when pedaling and, therefore, has great relevance in the biomechanics, health and performance of the cyclist. In fact, manufacturers of bicycle components call the maximum distance between the centers of the connecting rods factor Q, or in other words, the distance between the external faces of both connecting rods, just at the point where the pedals are screwed. This distance is not exactly the distance of our legs when pedaling, so it is called the maximum Q Factor. Knowing the maximum Q Factor of a connecting rod, you can calculate the minimum Q factor that is the distance between the tip and tip of both pedals. Once the pedal is bolted to the connecting rod, the distance between the external face of the connecting rod and the external part of the pedal must be added to calculate said minimum Q factor. In this simple way, we obtain the functional Q factor of the connecting rods, what is the distance existing between the center and center of both pedals and that, for optimal pedaling, should coincide with the separation of the legs when pedaling, being a much more important measure than it seems for any cyclist, since it allows you to correctly use the muscles of the leg in load, extension and flexion, and, therefore, affects the performance and health of the cyclist.

Las bicicletas, en general, pueden tener cajas de pedalier entre 68 y 93 mm, y el factor Q entre 158 y 170 mm, medidas recomendadas, y para poder incluir el sistema de piñón libre dentro de estos parámetros es necesario diseñar un sistema de piñón libre lo más estrecho posible entre 10-12 mm sin perder resistencias mecánicas. Bicycles, in general, can have bottom brackets between 68 and 93 mm, and the Q factor between 158 and 170 mm, recommended measures, and to be able to include the freewheel system within these parameters it is necessary to design a sprocket system free as narrow as possible between 10-12 mm without losing mechanical resistance.

Por ello, con la presente invención se pretende perfeccionar el mencionado piñón libre para permitir el giro libre del plato sin que exista apenas fricción, mediante la incorporación al mismo de un apropiado conjunto de rodamientos, ya que de lo contrario el mecanismo de transmisión no funcionaría correctamente y su aplicación real para ser utilizado en una bicicleta, especialmente en el caso de bicicletas de competición, BTT etc. no sería factible. Además, otro de los problemas técnicos que pretende resolver el piñón libre del presente certificado es el volumen, en cuanto a su grosor, que ocupa al ser acoplado en el eje pedalier, para no afectar al factor Q y dado que el material debe tener la suficiente resistencia para soportar el esfuerzo a que se ve sometido y, además, debe incorporar los suficientes rodamientos para su óptimo funcionamiento. Therefore, with the present invention it is intended to perfect said freewheel to allow free rotation of the plate without hardly any friction, by incorporating an appropriate set of bearings therein, since otherwise the transmission mechanism would not work correctly and its real application to be used on a bicycle, especially in the case of racing bicycles, MTB etc. It would not be feasible. In addition, another of the technical problems that the free pinion of this certificate intends to solve is the volume, in terms of its thickness, which it occupies when it is coupled to the bottom bracket, so as not to affect the Q factor and since the material must have the sufficient resistance to withstand the stress to which it is subjected and, in addition, it must incorporate sufficient bearings for its optimal operation.

Como referencia al estado actual de la técnica, cabe señalar que, si bien son conocidos diferentes tipos y modelos de mecanismo de transmisión, así como de sistemas de piñón libre, al menos por parte del solicitante se desconoce la existencia de ninguno que presente unas características técnicas, estructurales y constitutivas semejantes a las que presenta el que aquí se preconiza. As a reference to the current state of the art, it should be noted that, although different types and models of transmission mechanism are known, as well as of freewheel systems, at least on the part of the applicant it is unknown the existence of any that presents characteristics technical, structural and constitutive similar to those presented here.

En dicho sentido, cabe mencionar que, por la patente FR2921630A1 , se conoce un mecanismo pedalier para ciclos multivelocidad que describe un sistema semejante al que aquí se propone, en el que se contempla un sistema de rueda libre acoplado entre los platos y las bielas de los pedales. Este sistema, sin embargo, si bien proporciona el giro libre en un sentido y engrane en el contrario para los platos, presenta el inconveniente de tener un grosor tan amplio que impide conseguir el anteriormente descrito factor Q. Ello se debe a que en esta patente el sistema de rueda libre lo forman varias piezas acopladas en paralelo dentro de un anillo exterior que, a su vez se fija al plato, y entre las que se cuentan dos aros de rodamiento situados a ambos lados de la corona de engrane, contando cada aro de rodamiento y dicha corona con unos mínimos de ancho de entre 10 a 12mm para dotarlos de la resistencia necesaria para soportar el grado de esfuerzo de deben realizar, de manera que al sumarlos el grosor del anillo superará fácilmente los 20mm. Este hecho hace que el sistema no sea óptimo ya que el conjunto con conseguirá un factor Q adecuado, siendo el objetivo de la presente invención mejorar el diseño de este tipo de sistemas de rueda libre para hacerlo mucho más estrecho sin perder efectividad de rodamiento. In this regard, it is worth mentioning that, by patent FR2921630A1, a pedal mechanism for multi-speed cycles is known that describes a system similar to that proposed here, in which a freewheel system coupled between the plates and the connecting rods is contemplated. the pedals This system, however, although it provides free rotation in one direction and engages in the opposite direction for the plates, has the disadvantage of having a thickness so wide that it prevents achieving the previously described factor Q. This is because in this patent the freewheel system is made up of several pieces coupled in parallel within an outer ring that, in turn, is fixed to the plate, and between which two rings are counted of bearing located on both sides of the gear crown, counting each bearing ring and said crown with a minimum width of between 10 to 12mm to provide them with the necessary strength to withstand the degree of effort they should perform, so that at add them the thickness of the ring will easily exceed 20mm. This fact makes the system not optimal since the assembly with will achieve an adequate Q factor, the objective of the present invention being to improve the design of this type of freewheel systems to make it much narrower without losing rolling effectiveness.

EXPLICACIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

Así, el mecanismo de transmisión para optimizar el cambio de marchas en bicicletas que la invención propone se configura como una destacable novedad dentro de su campo de aplicación, ya que a tenor de su implementación y de forma taxativa, se alcanzan satisfactoriamente los objetivos anteriormente señalados, estando los detalles caracterizadores que la distinguen de lo ya conocido, convenientemente recogidos en las reivindicaciones finales que acompañan a la presente descripción. Thus, the transmission mechanism to optimize the change of gears in bicycles that the invention proposes is configured as a remarkable novelty within its field of application, since according to its implementation and in a restrictive way, the aforementioned objectives are satisfactorily achieved , the characterizing details distinguishing it from what is already known, conveniently included in the final claims that accompany the present description.

En concreto, lo que la invención propone es un sistema de transmisión para bicicleta u otro ciclo similar que, bien incorporado de fábrica o bien incorporado posteriormente tras una transformación mecánica, a diferencia de lo que es convencionalmente conocido, presenta la innovadora particularidad de contar, por una parte, con un grupo o sistema de piñones en la rueda trasera que, en lugar de libres, son fijos y se incorporan al eje de la misma formando una pieza solidaria, de modo que siempre se mueven todos ellos con la rueda; y, por otra parte, con uno, dos o tres platos dentados que son de giro libre, es decir, se incorporan en el eje central que une las bielas de los pedales de modo que pueden girar libremente en un sentido en dicho eje y ser engranados en el sentido contrario, de modo que, al dejar de pedalear, los platos seguirán girando si la rueda se mueve aunque no se muevan las bielas, ya que los piñones girarán con la rueda trasera y, a su vez, la cadena se seguirá moviendo, y al pedalear, los platos engranarán en trinquete de un sistema de piñón libre previsto al efecto, haciendo que la fuerza del pedaleo vuelva a ser aplicada sobre la transmisión para mover la bicicleta. Specifically, what the invention proposes is a transmission system for a bicycle or other similar cycle that, either factory incorporated or subsequently incorporated after a mechanical transformation, unlike what is conventionally known, presents the innovative feature of counting, on the one hand, with a group or system of pinions in the rear wheel that, instead of free, are fixed and are incorporated to the axle of the same forming a solidarity piece, so that all of them always move with the wheel; and, on the other hand, with one, two or three serrated plates that are free-turning, that is, they are incorporated in the central axis that joins the cranks of the pedals so that they can freely rotate in one direction on said axis and be engaged in the opposite direction, so that, when you stop pedaling, the plates will continue to rotate if the wheel moves even if the cranks do not move, since the sprockets will rotate with the rear wheel and, in turn, the chain will follow moving, and when pedaling, the plates will engage in the ratchet of a freewheel system provided for this purpose, causing the pedaling force to be reapplied on the transmission to move the bicycle.

Con esta disposición se consigue, ventajosamente, que se pueda accionar cualquiera de los desviadores del cambio de marchas en cualquier momento deseado, con la única premisa de que la bicicleta (y por tanto la rueda trasera) se esté moviendo, pero sin que sea preciso estar pedaleando y moviendo las bielas y los platos para ello, pues como se ha explicado, con este innovador sistema de transmisión, al ser los platos de giro libre, la cadena se seguirá moviendo siempre que la bicicleta se mueva, independientemente de si se pedalea o no. Por su parte, el mencionado sistema de piñón libre para acoplar al plato y al eje pedalier de manera que gire libre en un sentido y se engrane en el contrario, al pedalear, constituye un elemento sin apenas fricción cuando gira libre que, además, ocupa un mínimo espacio en dicho eje pedalier para no perder las medidas de factor Q ni las resistencias mecánicas. En concreto, dicho piñón libre se configura a partir de una carcasa anular de no más de 12mm de grosor, en la que se acoplan, alojados interiormente y fijados mediante una tapa, una rueda dentada y dos pares de anillos de rodamientos, además de al menos un gatillo de engrane. Para ello, dicha rueda dentada, que se incorpora ajustadamente con una mínima tolerancia entre la carcasa y la tapa que están unidas entre sí mediante varios tornillos, está provista de sendos surcos mecanizados como círculos concéntricos a ambos lados de la misma y externamente a su hueco central dentado, mediante el que se acopla el conjunto al eje pedalier. Por su parte, tanto la carcasa como la tapa, presentan también dos mecanizados en forma de surcos circulares y concéntricos con la misma disposición y dimensiones que los de ambas caras de la rueda, de modo que quedan en coincidencia al acoplarse las tres piezas. Estos surcos concéntricos determinan los alojamientos anulares para incorporar múltiples rodamientos esféricos que proporcionan un perfecto deslizamiento libre entre la rueda dentada y la carcasa con la tapa en un sentido, mientras que al rodar en el opuesto la rueda, empujada por las bielas que moverán el eje pedalier al que está acoplada, engranará en el gatillo o gatillos previstos para trabarse en los dientes de su superficie externa. With this arrangement it is advantageously achieved that any of the derailleurs of the gearshift can be operated at any desired time, with the sole premise that the bicycle (and therefore the rear wheel) is moving, but without it being necessary be pedaling and moving the cranks and plates for it, because as it has explained, with this innovative transmission system, being the free-spinning plates, the chain will continue to move whenever the bicycle moves, regardless of whether it is pedaled or not. For its part, the aforementioned freewheel system for coupling to the plate and the bottom bracket so that it turns free in one direction and engages in the opposite direction, when pedaling, constitutes an element with hardly any friction when it turns free, which also occupies a minimum space on said bottom bracket so as not to lose the measures of factor Q or mechanical resistance. Specifically, said freewheel is configured from an annular housing no more than 12mm thick, in which they are fitted, housed internally and fixed by a cover, a toothed wheel and two pairs of bearing rings, in addition to the minus a gear trigger. To this end, said gearwheel, which is fitted tightly with a minimum tolerance between the housing and the cover that are joined together by several screws, is provided with two machined grooves as concentric circles on both sides of the same and externally to its hollow serrated center, through which the assembly is coupled to the bottom bracket. On the other hand, both the housing and the cover, also have two machining in the form of circular and concentric grooves with the same arrangement and dimensions as those of both sides of the wheel, so that they coincide with the three parts. These concentric grooves determine the annular housings to incorporate multiple spherical bearings that provide a perfect free slide between the cogwheel and the housing with the cover in one direction, while rolling the wheel in the opposite direction, pushed by the connecting rods that will move the axle Bottom bracket to which it is attached, will engage the trigger or triggers intended to lock into the teeth of its outer surface.

La carcasa, es una pieza metálica mecanizada que, exteriormente, cuenta con aletas orificadas en disposición radial para su fijación al plato, pero, además, y según una característica opcional pero preferida de la invención, el hueco central de la carcasa deja al descubierto la zona central de la rueda dentada que aloja en su interior estando previsto que esta se fije al extremo del eje pedalier, mediante un simple tornillo de gran superficie de apriete, que sujeta conjuntamente la biela y dicha rueda dentada, con lo cual su montaje y desmontaje resulta muy rápido, sencillo y seguro. The carcass is a mechanized metal part that, externally, has radially disposed fins for fixing to the plate, but, in addition, and according to an optional but preferred feature of the invention, the central hollow of the carcass exposes the central area of the cogwheel that houses inside it being provided that it is fixed to the end of the bottom bracket, by means of a simple screw with a large tightening surface, which jointly holds the connecting rod and said cogwheel, with which its assembly and disassembly It is very fast, simple and safe.

Para ello, al menos una de las bielas, preferentemente la biela derecha que es junto a la que se acopla el plato y la cadena, a diferencia de lo que suele ser habitual, es independiente del eje de pedalier, facilitando el mencionado desmontaje rápido del piñón libre gracias al citado tornillo de apriete entre biela y eje, siendo un tornillo que tiene una gran superficie para ayudar a hacer más rígido el conjunto. To do this, at least one of the connecting rods, preferably the right connecting rod that is next to the one the plate and the chain are coupled, unlike what is usual, it is independent of the bottom bracket, facilitating the aforementioned rapid removal of the freewheel thanks to the aforementioned clamping screw between connecting rod and axle, being a screw that has a large surface to help make the whole more rigid.

Con todo ello, la principal ventaja del sistema descrito es que permite modificar el desarrollo de la transmisión, es decir, realizar un cambio de marcha, tanto con desplazamiento de plato como con desplazamiento de piñón, en el momento en que desea el conductor y no en el momento en que se pueda como ocurre con los sistemas actuales, siendo esta una circunstancia muy importante a tener en cuenta, por ejemplo, cuando se habla de ciclismo de competición, más aún si se trata de ciclismo de BTT, ya que cambiar de marcha en un momento de dificultad de equilibrio, pendiente, curva o todo junto puede llevar a perder importantes posibilidades de clasificación. Visto lo que antecede, se constata que el descrito mecanismo de transmisión para optimizar el cambio de marchas en bicicletas representa una estructura innovadora de características estructurales y constitutivas desconocidas hasta ahora para el fin a que se destina, razones que unidas a su utilidad práctica, la dotan de fundamento suficiente para obtener el privilegio de exclusividad que se solicita. With all this, the main advantage of the system described is that it allows the transmission development to be modified, that is, to make a gear change, both with plate displacement and with pinion displacement, at the moment when the driver wants and not at the moment when it is possible as with the current systems, this being a very important circumstance to take into account, for example, when it comes to competition cycling, even more so if it comes to MTB cycling, since changing Marching at a time of difficulty balancing, slope, curve or all together can lead to losing important classification possibilities. In view of the foregoing, it is found that the described transmission mechanism to optimize the change of gears in bicycles represents an innovative structure of structural and constitutive characteristics unknown until now for the purpose to which it is intended, reasons that together with its practical utility, the provide sufficient grounds to obtain the privilege of exclusivity that is requested.

DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características de la invención, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva, como parte integrante de la misma, de un juego de planos, en los que con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo se ha representado lo siguiente: La figura número 1 .- Muestra una vista en alzado lateral de una bicicleta con cambio de marchas a la cual se ha incorporado un ejemplo del mecanismo de transmisión para optimizar el cambio de marchas en bicicletas, objeto de la invención. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, this descriptive report is attached, as an integral part thereof, of a set of drawings, in those that with illustrative and non-limiting nature have represented the following: Figure number 1 .- Shows a side elevation view of a bicycle with gearshift to which an example of the transmission mechanism has been incorporated to optimize the change of bike rides, object of the invention.

La figura número 2.- Muestra una vista ampliada del mecanismo de transmisión, según la invención, que incorpora la bicicleta mostrada en la figura 1 , apreciándose con mayor detalle las principales partes y elementos que comprende y sus características. La figura número 3.- Muestra una vista muy esquemática en alzado frontal de un ejemplo de grupo de piñones fijos al eje de la rueda trasera que contempla el mecanismo de transmisión de la invención. Figure number 2.- It shows an enlarged view of the transmission mechanism, according to the invention, which incorporates the bicycle shown in figure 1, showing in greater detail the main parts and elements it comprises and its characteristics. Figure number 3.- Shows a very schematic view in front elevation of an example of a group of pinions fixed to the axle of the rear wheel that contemplates the transmission mechanism of the invention.

La figura número 4.- Muestra una vista, también muy esquemática, en alzado lateral del ejemplo de grupo de piñones fijos al eje que contempla el mecanismo preconizado, mostrado en la figura precedente. La figura número 5.- Muestra una vista en alzado de un ejemplo de plato libre acoplado al eje central de las bielas que contempla el mecanismo de transmisión de la invención. Figure number 4. - It shows a view, also very schematic, in side elevation of the example of a group of pinions fixed to the axis that contemplates the recommended mechanism, shown in the previous figure. Figure number 5.- Shows an elevation view of an example of a free plate coupled to the central axis of the connecting rods that contemplates the transmission mechanism of the invention.

Las figuras número 6 y 7.- Muestran, respectivamente, una vista en alzado de la pieza central y del disco que permiten el acople con giro libre de los platos dentados al eje central que une las bielas de los pedales, según el ejemplo de la figura 5. Figures 6 and 7.- They show, respectively, an elevation view of the central part and of the disc that allow the free rotation of the serrated plates to the central axis that joins the cranks of the pedals, according to the example of the figure 5.

La figura número 8.- Muestra una vista en alzado lateral de un ejemplo del conjunto que forman el eje pedalier con las dos bielas y un ejemplo alternativo de sistema de piñón libre acoplable al mecanismo de la invención, apreciándose en ella su configuración general y la disposición de cada pieza. Figure number 8.- Shows a side elevation view of an example of the assembly that form the bottom bracket with the two connecting rods and an alternative example of a freewheel system that can be coupled to the mechanism of the invention, showing its general configuration and arrangement of each piece.

La figura número 9.- Muestra una vista en alzado frontal del ejemplo del sistema de piñón libre, según la invención, mostrado en la figura 8, el cual se ha representado con todas sus piezas acopladas y atornilladas. Figure 9 shows a front elevational view of the example of the freewheel system, according to the invention, shown in Figure 8, which has been shown with all its parts coupled and screwed.

Las figura número 10 y 1 1 .- Muestran sendas vistas en sección del sistema de piñón libre mostrado en la figura 9, según el corte A-A y el corte B-B respectivamente, señalados en dicha figura 9, apreciándose la configuración de las piezas que lo forman y la disposición de las mismas en su interior. Figures number 10 and 1 1 .- They show two sectional views of the freewheel system shown in figure 9, according to section AA and section BB respectively, indicated in said figure 9, showing the configuration of the pieces that form it and their arrangement inside.

La figura número 12.- Muestra una vista ampliada del detalle C señalado en la sección de la figura 1 1 , mostrando los surcos circulares y concéntricos previstos en la rueda dentada, la carcasa y la tapa del piñón libre, habiéndose incluido en esta figura los rodamientos para los que están diseñados dichos surcos. Figure number 12.- Shows an enlarged view of the detail C indicated in the section of figure 1 1, showing the circular and concentric grooves provided in the gearwheel, the casing and the freewheel cover, having included in this figure the bearings for which these grooves are designed.

La figura número 13.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva y en despiece del sistema de piñón libre, según el mecanismo de la invención, apreciándose en ella la configuración general de cada una de las piezas que lo forman. Figure number 13.- Shows a perspective and exploded view of the pinion system free, according to the mechanism of the invention, the general configuration of each of the pieces that form it being appreciated.

Y la figura número 14.- Muestra una vista en sección, según un corte longitudinal, del conjunto de eje pedalier, bielas y piñón libre mostrado en la figura 8, de modo que se aprecia el acople mediante tornillos de amplia superficie entre dichos elementos. And figure number 14.- Shows a sectional view, according to a longitudinal section, of the set of bottom bracket, connecting rods and freewheel shown in figure 8, so that the coupling can be seen by means of screws with a large surface area between said elements.

REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN A la vista de las mencionadas figuras, y de acuerdo con la numeración adoptada, se puede apreciar en ellas cómo el mecanismo de transmisión (1 ) preconizado, aplicable a bicicletas (2) dotadas de cambio de marchas (3) y estando formado de manera convencional por una cadena (4), un grupo de piñones (5) incorporados a la rueda trasera (6) y, al menos, un plato (7) dentado incorporado en el eje central o eje pedalier (8) que une las dos bielas (9) de los pedales (10), presenta la particularidad de que dicho grupo de piñones (5) es fijo al eje (1 1 ) de la rueda trasera (6) en la que se incorpora, de modo que siempre gira en conjunto y de forma solidaria con la misma, mientras que el plato (7) o platos dentados que pueda incorporar en el eje pedalier (8) de las bielas (9), son de giro libre, es decir, que dichos platos (7) pueden girar libremente en un sentido en dicho eje pedalier (8) y ser engranados en el sentido contrario, gracias a la existencia de gatillos (12) previstos al efecto en el interior de los mismos. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION In view of the aforementioned figures, and in accordance with the numbering adopted, it can be seen how the transmission mechanism (1) recommended, applicable to bicycles (2) equipped with gearshift (3) and being formed in a conventional manner by a chain (4), a group of pinions (5) incorporated into the rear wheel (6) and, at least, a toothed plate (7) incorporated in the central axis or bottom bracket (8) which joins the two connecting rods (9) of the pedals (10), has the peculiarity that said group of pinions (5) is fixed to the axle (1 1) of the rear wheel (6) in which it is incorporated, so which always turns together and in solidarity with it, while the plate (7) or serrated plates that can be incorporated in the bottom bracket (8) of the connecting rods (9), are free-turning, that is, said plates (7) can turn freely in one direction on said bottom bracket (8) and be engaged in the opposite direction, thanks to the existing It had triggers (12) provided for the purpose inside them.

En el ejemplo representado en las figuras 1 y 2, la bicicleta mostrada cuenta con un único plato (7) dentado y, por tanto, con un cambio de marchas (3) que solamente contempla un mecanismo desplazador para variar la posición de la cadena (4) en las diferentes coronas (51 ) dentadas que conforman el grupo de piñones, los cuales, como se ha señalado presentan la particularidad de estar incorporados al eje posterior (1 1 ) de la rueda trasera de forma que giran solidarios al mismo. Para ello se contemplan distintas posibilidades, bien formando una misma pieza solidaria estando cada corona (51 ) soldada al eje posterior (1 1 ) o bien formando una o varias piezas independientes que se fijan al eje posterior (1 1 ) de la rueda trasera (6) mediante roscado. In the example represented in figures 1 and 2, the bicycle shown has a single serrated plate (7) and, therefore, with a gearshift (3) that only contemplates a shifting mechanism to vary the position of the chain ( 4) in the different toothed crowns (51) that make up the group of pinions, which, as indicated, have the particularity of being incorporated to the rear axle (1 1) of the rear wheel so that they rotate integral to it. For this, different possibilities are contemplated, either forming the same solidarity piece, each crown (51) being welded to the rear axle (1 1) or forming one or several independent pieces that are fixed to the rear axle (1 1) of the rear wheel (1 6) by threading.

En cualquier caso, dicha incorporación fija permite que el conjunto ocupe menor espacio que un grupo o sistema de piñones libre, por lo cual, se hace posible la incorporación de mayor número de coronas en un mismo espacio puesto que se prescinde del correspondiente sistema de gatillos que engrane cada uno de las coronas en los sistemas convencionales de piñón libre. Tal como se observa en las figuras 3 y 4, en las que se muestra una representación muy esquemática del grupo de piñones (5) en un ejemplo del mismo con solo cuatro coronas (51 ), éstas consisten simplemente en un disco de borde externo dentado, por lo que, además de ocupar un mínimo espacio en el extremo del eje trasero (1 1 ) al que se unen solidariamente, su fabricación también resulta mucho más simple y sencilla, al carecer como se ha dicho de sistema de gatillos y engranes internos y, consecuentemente, de menor coste económico. In any case, said fixed incorporation allows the assembly to occupy less space than a free group or pinion system, therefore, it is possible to incorporate a larger number of crowns in the same space since the corresponding trigger system is dispensed with that meshes each of the crowns in conventional systems of freewheel As can be seen in figures 3 and 4, in which a very schematic representation of the group of pinions (5) is shown in an example thereof with only four crowns (51), these simply consist of a serrated external edge disc , so that, in addition to occupying a minimum space at the end of the rear axle (1 1) to which they are jointly and severally attached, their manufacture is also much simpler and easier, as it lacks, as has been said, the internal trigger and gear system and, consequently, of lower economic cost.

Por su parte, los platos (7) dentados que contempla el mecanismo de la invención, tal como muestra la figura 5, en una posible opción de realización, se acoplan al eje pedalier (8) mediante una pieza central (13) en cuyo centro, a su vez, se contempla un dentado interior (131 ) en el que engranan varios gatillos (12) móviles incorporados en puntos equidistantes de los bordes de un disco (14) solidario al eje pedalier (8), estando lógicamente dicho dentado interior (131 ) y dichos gatillos (12) dispuestos de modo que, solo al pedalear hacia adelante, se produce el engrane y consecuentemente el giro del plato (7) ejerciendo tracción sobre la cadena (4), permitiendo sin embargo el giro libre del plato (7) si no se pedalea. En la figura 6 se observa más claramente la configuración de la citada pieza central (13) y en la figura 7 la del disco (14) que incorpora los gatillos (12) móviles, representada esta última en un tamaño mayor para permitir una mejor observación de los mismos. On the other hand, the serrated plates (7) contemplated by the mechanism of the invention, as shown in figure 5, in a possible embodiment, are coupled to the bottom bracket (8) by means of a central part (13) in whose center , in turn, an internal toothing (131) is contemplated in which several movable triggers (12) incorporated in equidistant points of the edges of a disc (14) integral with the bottom bracket (8) are engaged, said inner toothing being logically ( 131) and said triggers (12) arranged so that, only when pedaling forward, the gearing occurs and consequently the rotation of the plate (7) exerting traction on the chain (4), however allowing the free rotation of the plate ( 7) If you don't pedal. Figure 6 shows more clearly the configuration of said central part (13) and in figure 7 that of the disc (14) incorporating the mobile triggers (12), the latter represented in a larger size to allow a better observation thereof.

Alternativamente, el mecanismo de transmisión (1 ) descrito, contempla la incorporación, en el eje central o eje pedalier (8) que une las dos bielas (9) de los pedales un piñón libre (100) acoplable al plato (7) para pueda girar libremente en un sentido y ser engranado en el opuesto. Alternatively, the transmission mechanism (1) described contemplates the incorporation, in the central axis or bottom bracket (8) that joins the two connecting rods (9) of the pedals a freewheel (100) attachable to the plate (7) so that it can turn freely in one direction and be engaged in the opposite.

En concreto, dicho piñón libre (100) se configura a partir de una pieza anular en la que se contempla una rueda dentada (103), al menos, un gatillo (12) accionado por un muelle que engrana en el dentado de dicha rueda dentada (103) y unos rodamientos (104), con la particularidad de que dicha pieza anular es una pieza mecanizada en forma de carcasa (101 ) que tiene un grosor (g) de entre 10 a 12mm, y en cuyo interior, fijados mediante una tapa (102), incorpora alojados la rueda dentada (103), el gatillo (12) y dos pares de anillos con múltiples rodamientos (104) esféricos. Specifically, said freewheel (100) is configured from an annular piece in which a gear wheel (103) is contemplated, at least one trigger (12) actuated by a spring that engages in the gear of said gearwheel (103) and bearings (104), with the particularity that said annular part is a machined piece in the form of a housing (101) having a thickness (g) of between 10 to 12mm, and inside which, fixed by means of a cover (102), incorporates the gearwheel (103), the trigger (12) and two pairs of rings with multiple spherical bearings (104).

La carcasa (101 ) y la tapa (102) que están unidas entre sí mediante varios tornillos (105), situándose centrada entre ambas la rueda dentada (103) de modo que la fijación no afecta al giro de la misma y el hueco dentado (106)que presenta dicha rueda queda centrado en el hueco de la carcasa (101 ) . The housing (101) and the cover (102) which are connected together by several screws (105), the cogwheel (103) being centered between them so that the fixing does not affect its rotation and the toothed recess ( 106) presenting said wheel is centered on the housing hollow (101).

La rueda dentada está provista de sendos surcos (107) acanalados mecanizados como círculos concéntricos a ambos lados de la misma, los cuales quedan en coincidencia con respectivos surcos (107) complementarios previstos en la cara interna de la carcasa (101 ) y en la cara interna de la tapa (102), para alojar en ellos los citados rodamientos (104) esféricos. The cogwheel is provided with two grooves (107) machined as concentric circles on both sides thereof, which coincide with respective complementary grooves (107) provided on the inner face of the housing (101) and on the face inside the cover (102), to accommodate the said spherical bearings (104).

La carcasa, es una pieza metálica mecanizada que, exteriormente, cuenta con aletas orificadas (108) situadas en disposición radial para su fijación al plato mediante atornillado. The housing is a mechanized metal part that, externally, has orified fins (108) located in radial arrangement for fixing to the plate by screwing.

Además, preferentemente, el conjunto de este piñón libre (100) se fija al extremo del eje pedalier (8) a través de la inserción del hueco dentado (106) de la rueda dentada (103) en un extremo estriado (81 ) de dicho eje, habiéndose previsto asimismo que, al menos, una de las bielas (9), la que se acopla junto al plato (7), sea independiente del eje de pedalier (8) y se acople al extremo estriado (81 ) del mismo, una vez insertado el piñón libre (100), sujetándose mediante un tornillo o perno de gran superficie (109) que rosca en el orificio roscado del mencionado extremo estriado (81 ) del eje pedalier (8), facilitando el montaje y desmontaje rápido del piñón libre (100), así como de la biela (9). Furthermore, preferably, the assembly of this freewheel (100) is fixed to the end of the bottom bracket (8) through the insertion of the toothed recess (106) of the toothed wheel (103) into a splined end (81) of said axis, having also provided that at least one of the connecting rods (9), which is coupled next to the plate (7), is independent of the bottom bracket (8) and is coupled to the splined end (81) thereof, Once the freewheel (100) has been inserted, it is secured by means of a screw or bolt with a large surface area (109) that threads into the threaded hole of said grooved end (81) of the bottom bracket (8), facilitating the quick assembly and disassembly of the pinion free (100), as well as the connecting rod (9).

Lógicamente, el diseño del estriado de los mencionados extremos estriados (81 ) es acorde y complementario al diseño de los dientes del hueco dentado (106) de la rueda dentada (103) donde encaja dicho extremo del eje pedalier (8). Como se observa en la figura 14, en la realización preferida de la invención, el eje pedalier (8) se compone de un vástago central (80), que constituye el eje propiamente dicho, a cuyos dos extremos se incorporan respectivos acoples (82) de extremos estriados (81 ) e interior roscado para recibir las respectivas bielas (9) fijadas mediante sendos pernos de gran superficie (109), estando este conjunto alojado en el interior de un casquillo cilindrico externo (83) en uno de cuyos extremos se sitúa el piñón libre (100), ocupando un mínimo espacio, de modo que no se altera el factor Q que, como se ha comentado en apartados anteriores, es la distancia que existe entre las piernas al pedalear y debe tener entre 158 y 170 mm, según el usuario a que se destina la bicicleta sea hombre o mujer, lógicamente adultos, y en consecuencia, no se incrementa el factor Q máximo o distancia (d) existente entre las caras externas de ambas bielas, justo en el punto donde se atornillan los pedales, con la inclusión del descrito piñón libre (100) en el eje pedalier (8) respecto de la que pueda tener un mecanismo de transmisión convencional. Logically, the design of the groove of the aforementioned grooved ends (81) is consistent and complementary to the design of the teeth of the toothed recess (106) of the toothed wheel (103) where said end of the bottom bracket (8) fits. As can be seen in Figure 14, in the preferred embodiment of the invention, the bottom bracket (8) is composed of a central rod (80), which constitutes the axis itself, at whose two ends respective couplings (82) are incorporated. of fluted ends (81) and threaded interior to receive the respective connecting rods (9) fixed by means of large bolts (109), this assembly being housed inside an external cylindrical bushing (83) at one of whose ends is located the freewheel (100), occupying a minimum space, so that the Q factor is not altered, which, as mentioned in previous sections, is the distance between the legs when pedaling and must be between 158 and 170 mm, depending on the user to whom the bicycle is destined, be it male or female, logically adults, and consequently, the maximum Q factor or distance (d) between the external faces of both connecting rods is not increased, just at the point where the screws are screwed pedals, with the inclusion of the described freewheel (100) in the bottom bracket (8) with respect to which Have a conventional transmission mechanism.

Descrita suficientemente la naturaleza de la presente invención, así como la manera de ponerla en práctica, no se considera necesario hacer más extensa su explicación para que cualquier experto en la materia comprenda su alcance y las ventajas que de ella se derivan, haciéndose constar que, dentro de su esencialidad, podrá ser llevada a la práctica en otras formas de realización que difieran en detalle de la indicada a título de ejemplo, y a las cuales alcanzará igualmente la protección que se recaba siempre que no se altere, cambie o modifique su principio fundamental. Describing sufficiently the nature of the present invention, as well as the way of putting it into practice, it is not considered necessary to make its explanation more extensive so that any person skilled in the art understands its scope and the advantages that derive from it, stating that, within its essentiality, it may be carried out in other embodiments that differ in detail from that indicated by way of example, and to which it will also achieve the protection that is sought provided that it does not alter, change or modify its fundamental principle .

Claims

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S 1 .- MECANISMO DE TRANSMISION PARA OPTIMIZAR EL CAMBIO DE MARCHAS EN BICICLETAS que, aplicable a bicicletas (2) dotadas de cambio de marchas (3) y formado por una cadena (4), un grupo de piñones (5) incorporados al eje trasero (1 1 ) de la rueda trasera1 .- TRANSMISSION MECHANISM TO OPTIMIZE THE CHANGE OF GEARS IN BICYCLES which, applicable to bicycles (2) equipped with gearshift (3) and formed by a chain (4), a group of sprockets (5) incorporated to the rear axle (1 1) of the rear wheel (6) y, al menos, un plato (7) dentado incorporado en el eje central o eje pedalier (8) que une las dos bielas (9) de los pedales (10), está caracterizado porque dicho grupo de piñones (5) es fijo al eje trasero (1 1 ) de la rueda trasera (6) en la que se incorpora, de modo que siempre gira en conjunto y de forma solidaria con la misma, y porque el plato (7) o platos dentados que pueda incorporar en el eje pedalier (8) de las bielas (9), son de giro libre, es decir, que pueden girar libremente en un sentido en dicho eje central (8) y ser engranados en el sentido contrario, gracias a la existencia de gatillos (12) previstos al efecto en el interior de los mismos. (6) and, at least, a serrated plate (7) incorporated in the central axis or bottom bracket (8) that joins the two connecting rods (9) of the pedals (10), is characterized in that said group of pinions (5) it is fixed to the rear axle (1 1) of the rear wheel (6) in which it is incorporated, so that it always rotates together and in solidarity with it, and because the plate (7) or serrated plates that can be incorporated on the bottom bracket (8) of the connecting rods (9), they are free-rotating, that is, they can turn freely in one direction on said central axis (8) and be engaged in the opposite direction, thanks to the existence of triggers (12) provided for the purpose within them. 2.- MECANISMO DE TRANSMISION PARA OPTIMIZAR EL CAMBIO DE MARCHAS EN BICICLETAS, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque las diferentes coronas (51 ) dentadas que conforman el grupo de piñones (4) se unen al eje trasero (1 1 ) de la rueda trasera (6) formando una misma pieza solidaria estando cada corona soldada a dicho eje. 2.- TRANSMISSION MECHANISM TO OPTIMIZE THE CHANGE OF GEARS IN BICYCLES, according to claim 1, characterized in that the different toothed crowns (51) that make up the group of pinions (4) are attached to the rear axle (1 1) of the wheel rear (6) forming the same solidarity piece with each crown being welded to said shaft. 3.- MECANISMO DE TRANSMISION PARA OPTIMIZAR EL CAMBIO DE MARCHAS EN BICICLETAS, según la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque las diferentes coronas (51 ) dentadas que conforman el grupo de piñones (4) forman una o varias piezas independientes que se fija al eje trasero (1 1 ) de la rueda trasera (6) mediante roscado. 3.- TRANSMISSION MECHANISM TO OPTIMIZE THE CHANGE OF GEARS IN BICYCLES, according to claim 1, characterized in that the different toothed crowns (51) that make up the group of pinions (4) form one or several independent parts that are fixed to the rear axle (1 1) of the rear wheel (6) by threading. 4.- MECANISMO DE TRANSMISION PARA OPTIMIZAR EL CAMBIO DE MARCHAS EN BICICLETAS, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 -3, caracterizado porque los platos4.- TRANSMISSION MECHANISM TO OPTIMIZE THE CHANGE OF GEARS IN BICYCLES, according to any of claims 1 -3, characterized in that the plates (7) dentados se acoplan al eje pedalier (8) mediante una pieza central (13) en cuyo centro, a su vez, se contempla un dentado interior (131 ) en el que engranan varios gatillos (12) móviles incorporados en puntos equidistantes de los bordes de un disco (14) solidario al eje central (8). (7) teeth are coupled to the bottom bracket (8) by means of a central part (13) in whose center, in turn, an internal teeth (131) is contemplated in which several mobile triggers (12) incorporated in equidistant points of the edges of a disc (14) integral with the central axis (8). 5.- MECANISMO DE TRANSMISION PARA OPTIMIZAR EL CAMBIO DE MARCHAS EN BICICLETAS, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 -3, caracterizado porque en el eje pedalier (8), y acoplado al plato (7) o platos, se incorpora un piñón libre (100) configurado partir de una pieza anular mecanizada en forma de carcasa (101 ) que tiene un grosor (g) de entre 10 a 12mm, y en cuyo interior incorpora, alojados y fijados mediante una tapa (102), una rueda dentada (103), al menos, un gatillo (12) y dos pares de anillos con múltiples rodamientos (104) esféricos; y porque dicho piñón libre (100), una vez acoplado al eje pedalier (8), no incrementa distancia (d) existente entre las caras externas de ambas bielas (9). 5.- TRANSMISSION MECHANISM TO OPTIMIZE THE CHANGE OF GEARS IN BICYCLES, according to any of claims 1 -3, characterized in that in the bottom bracket (8), and coupled to the plate (7) or plates, a freewheel is incorporated ( 100) configured from a machined annular piece in the form of a casing (101) that has a thickness (g) of between 10 to 12mm, and inside which it incorporates, housed and fixed by a cover (102) a cogwheel (103), at least one trigger (12) and two pairs of rings with multiple spherical bearings (104); and because said freewheel (100), once coupled to the bottom bracket (8), does not increase the distance (d) between the external faces of both connecting rods (9). 6. - MECANISMO DE TRANSMISION PARA OPTIMIZAR EL CAMBIO DE MARCHAS EN BICICLETAS, según la reivindicación 5, caracterizado porque la carcasa (101 ) y la tapa (102) están unidas entre sí mediante varios tornillos (105), de modo que dicha fijación no afecta al giro de la rueda dentada (103). 6. - TRANSMISSION MECHANISM TO OPTIMIZE THE CHANGE OF GEARS IN BICYCLES, according to claim 5, characterized in that the housing (101) and the cover (102) are joined together by several screws (105), so that said fixing does not affects the rotation of the cogwheel (103). 7. - MECANISMO DE TRANSMISION PARA OPTIMIZAR EL CAMBIO DE MARCHAS EN BICICLETAS, según la reivindicación 5 ó 6, caracterizado porque la rueda dentada (103) se sitúa centrada entre la carcasa (101 ) y la tapa (102) de modo que el hueco dentado (106) que presenta dicha rueda queda centrado en el hueco de la carcasa (101 ). 7. - TRANSMISSION MECHANISM FOR OPTIMIZING THE CHANGE OF BICYCLES, according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the gear wheel (103) is centered between the housing (101) and the cover (102) so that the gap Toothed (106) presented by said wheel is centered in the hollow of the housing (101). 8. - MECANISMO DE TRANSMISION PARA OPTIMIZAR EL CAMBIO DE MARCHAS EN BICICLETAS, según la reivindicación 7, caracterizado porque la rueda dentada está provista de sendos surcos (107) acanalados mecanizados como círculos concéntricos a ambos lados de la misma, los cuales quedan en coincidencia con respectivos surcos (107) complementarios previstos en la cara interna de la carcasa (101 ) y en la cara interna de la tapa (102), para alojar en ellos los rodamientos (104) esféricos. 8. - TRANSMISSION MECHANISM TO OPTIMIZE THE CHANGE OF GEARS IN BICYCLES, according to claim 7, characterized in that the cogwheel is provided with two grooves (107) machined as concentric circles on both sides thereof, which coincide with respective complementary grooves (107) provided on the inner face of the housing (101) and on the inner face of the cover (102), to accommodate the spherical bearings (104) therein. 9. - MECANISMO DE TRANSMISION PARA OPTIMIZAR EL CAMBIO DE MARCHAS EN BICICLETAS, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 5-8, caracterizado porque la carcasa (101 ) es una pieza metálica mecanizada que, exteriormente, cuenta con aletas orificadas (108) situadas en disposición radial para su fijación al plato mediante atornillado. 9. - TRANSMISSION MECHANISM TO OPTIMIZE THE CHANGE OF BIKE GEARS, according to any of claims 5-8, characterized in that the housing (101) is a mechanized metal part that, externally, has orified fins (108) located in disposition radial for fixing to the plate by screwing. 10. - MECANISMO DE TRANSMISION PARA OPTIMIZAR EL CAMBIO DE MARCHAS EN BICICLETAS, según cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 5-9, caracterizado porque el piñón libre (100) se fija al extremo de un eje pedalier (8) a través de la inserción del hueco dentado (106) de la rueda dentada (103) en un extremo estriado (81 ) de dicho eje, habiéndose previsto asimismo que, al menos, una de las bielas (9), la que se acopla junto al plato, sea independiente del eje de pedalier (8) y se acople al extremo estriado (81 ) del mismo, una vez insertado el piñón libre (100), sujetándose mediante un perno de gran superficie (109) que rosca en el orificio roscado del mencionado extremo estriado (81 ) del eje pedalier (8). 10. - TRANSMISSION MECHANISM TO OPTIMIZE CHANGE OF BIKE GEARS, according to any of claims 5-9, characterized in that the freewheel (100) is fixed to the end of a bottom bracket (8) through the insertion of the hole Toothed (106) of the gearwheel (103) at a splined end (81) of said axle, it is also provided that at least one of the connecting rods (9), which is coupled next to the plate, is independent of the axle of bottom bracket (8) and is coupled to the splined end (81) thereof, once the freewheel (100) is inserted, being secured by a large surface bolt (109) that threads into the threaded hole of said splined end (81) of the bottom bracket (8). 1 1 .- MECANISMO DE TRANSMISION PARA OPTIMIZAR EL CAMBIO DE MARCHAS EN BICICLETAS, según la reivindicación 10, caracterizados porque el eje pedalier (8) se compone de un vástago central (80), que constituye el eje propiamente dicho, a cuyos dos extremos se incorporan respectivos acoples (82) de extremos estriados (81 ) e interior roscado para recibir las respectivas bielas (9) fijadas mediante sendos pernos de gran superficie (109). 1 .- TRANSMISSION MECHANISM TO OPTIMIZE THE CHANGE OF GEARS IN BICYCLES, according to claim 10, characterized in that the bottom bracket (8) is composed of a central rod (80), which constitutes the axis itself, at whose two ends respective couplings (82) of splined ends (81) and threaded interior are incorporated to receive the respective connecting rods (9) fixed by means of large bolts (109).
PCT/ES2015/070051 2014-01-30 2015-01-27 Transmission mechanism for optimising gear changes in bicycles Ceased WO2015114191A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201430114A ES2460816B1 (en) 2014-01-30 2014-01-30 Transmission mechanism to optimize gear shifting on bicycles
ESP201430114 2014-01-30
ESP201530045 2015-01-16
ES201530045A ES2580013B1 (en) 2015-01-16 2015-01-16 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE OBJECT OF PATENT No. P201430114 BY: TRANSMISSION MECHANISM TO OPTIMIZE THE CHANGE OF BICYCLES

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE430027A (en) *
GB744689A (en) * 1953-07-03 1956-02-15 Herbert Arthur Mayers Improvements in or relating to pedal cycles
FR2611642A1 (en) * 1987-02-27 1988-09-09 Crepelle Claudine Pedals and bottom bracket assembly for a cycle equipped with a free wheel
FR2672865A1 (en) * 1991-02-20 1992-08-21 Leroy Andre Pedal and bottom bracket assembly with fixed chain wheel and chain wheel mounted on a free wheel, with fixed rear sprocket for cycle transmission
US5426997A (en) * 1993-06-28 1995-06-27 Brion; Donald G. Bicycle chain drive assembly
US5704859A (en) * 1996-10-16 1998-01-06 National Science Council Of Republic Of China Type of the compact freewheel body for bicycles
FR2921630A1 (en) * 2007-10-01 2009-04-03 Koxx Sarl Sarl Pedal assembly for e.g. mountain bicycle, has free wheel system placed between plates and cranks so as to drive rotation of plates by cranks in direction and to separate plates in other direction
JP2011158024A (en) * 2010-01-31 2011-08-18 Chosen Co Ltd Normally closed type bicycle hub ratchet structure

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE430027A (en) *
GB744689A (en) * 1953-07-03 1956-02-15 Herbert Arthur Mayers Improvements in or relating to pedal cycles
FR2611642A1 (en) * 1987-02-27 1988-09-09 Crepelle Claudine Pedals and bottom bracket assembly for a cycle equipped with a free wheel
FR2672865A1 (en) * 1991-02-20 1992-08-21 Leroy Andre Pedal and bottom bracket assembly with fixed chain wheel and chain wheel mounted on a free wheel, with fixed rear sprocket for cycle transmission
US5426997A (en) * 1993-06-28 1995-06-27 Brion; Donald G. Bicycle chain drive assembly
US5704859A (en) * 1996-10-16 1998-01-06 National Science Council Of Republic Of China Type of the compact freewheel body for bicycles
FR2921630A1 (en) * 2007-10-01 2009-04-03 Koxx Sarl Sarl Pedal assembly for e.g. mountain bicycle, has free wheel system placed between plates and cranks so as to drive rotation of plates by cranks in direction and to separate plates in other direction
JP2011158024A (en) * 2010-01-31 2011-08-18 Chosen Co Ltd Normally closed type bicycle hub ratchet structure

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