WO2015110178A1 - Injection controller and method for detection of injection equipment failure in a diesel engine - Google Patents

Injection controller and method for detection of injection equipment failure in a diesel engine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015110178A1
WO2015110178A1 PCT/EP2014/051517 EP2014051517W WO2015110178A1 WO 2015110178 A1 WO2015110178 A1 WO 2015110178A1 EP 2014051517 W EP2014051517 W EP 2014051517W WO 2015110178 A1 WO2015110178 A1 WO 2015110178A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
injectors
operation parameter
failure
injector
normal state
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/051517
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Maximilian Ernst
Original Assignee
Wärtsilä Switzerland Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wärtsilä Switzerland Ltd. filed Critical Wärtsilä Switzerland Ltd.
Priority to EP14701404.7A priority Critical patent/EP3099914A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2014/051517 priority patent/WO2015110178A1/en
Priority to KR1020167020669A priority patent/KR20160111939A/en
Priority to JP2016546078A priority patent/JP2017505400A/en
Priority to CN201480074127.6A priority patent/CN105940208A/en
Publication of WO2015110178A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015110178A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D41/221—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions relating to the failure of actuators or electrically driven elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
    • F02D35/023—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
    • F02D35/025—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining temperatures inside the cylinder, e.g. combustion temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D39/00—Other non-electrical control
    • F02D39/04—Other non-electrical control for engines with other cycles than four-stroke, e.g. two-stroke
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/008—Controlling each cylinder individually
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/0205—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals using an auxiliary engine speed control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/1446—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being exhaust temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/3094—Controlling fuel injection the fuel injection being effected by at least two different injectors, e.g. one in the intake manifold and one in the cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D2041/227—Limping Home, i.e. taking specific engine control measures at abnormal conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D2041/228—Warning displays
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0614—Actual fuel mass or fuel injection amount
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/10—Parameters related to the engine output, e.g. engine torque or engine speed
    • F02D2200/101—Engine speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2400/00—Control systems adapted for specific engine types; Special features of engine control systems not otherwise provided for; Power supply, connectors or cabling for engine control systems
    • F02D2400/04—Two-stroke combustion engines with electronic control

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an injection controller and a method for detection of injection equipment failure in a diesel engine.
  • the present invention provides in particular a method for detection of injection equipment failure in a diesel engine, having 2 to n (n>2) fuel injectors per cylinder, the method comprising the steps of: monitoring at least one operation parameter of the diesel engine, recognizing an abnormality of an operation parameter, if the operation parameter is outside a predetermined range, operating the injectors in a cylinder under sequential control such that a sequential control of at least two sets of 1 to n-1 injectors is carried out to exclusively inject fuel into the cylinder while the remaining at least one injector is stayed, observing the operation parameter for each operating set of injectors, determining that an operated set of injectors includes the injector having a failure, if the observed operation parameter for the operated set of injectors differs distinctively from its normal state, and - by comparing the observed operation parameter of sets of injectors - concluding therefrom the injector having a failure, and outputting a signal that indicates the injector having a failure.
  • the comparison of the observed operation parameter of sets of injectors means that the comparison of one set of injectors may be carried out with a target operation parameter or target operation parameter range that is set in advance for the normal state of the same set of injectors having the same number and arrangement of injectors. Also, the comparison of the observed operation parameter of one set of injectors may be with a pre-recorded target operation parameter or target operation parameter range for the normal state of such a set of injectors.
  • Another logical possibility would be that the comparison of the observed operation parameter of one set of injectors is with another observed operation parameter of another set of injectors either of the same cylinder or of another cylinder in the same engine that does not have an abnormality of the operation parameter.
  • the other observed operation parameter is interpreted as the normal state, if it differs distinctively from the one observed operation parameter and depending on the observed operation parameter differs in a direction that is expected from a normally operating injector.
  • the normal state of the operation parameter for each set of injectors is set in advance.
  • This measure can enhance the speed of determining the cause of failure, because the actual operation parameter can be compared quickly to an already programmed value of said parameter such that the injector having a failure could be concluded even before the last set of injectors has been operated .
  • the normal state is set by recording the operation parameter for each set of injectors.
  • a slight change in the monitored operation parameter over the lifetime of the diesel engine may be normal, which is why it can be beneficial to monitor that change and record it.
  • the predetermined range can be continuously adjusted, so that a true abnormality in the sense of a failure in the injection equipment can be recognized .
  • calculating the operation parameter for each set of injectors sets the normal state.
  • the calculation of one operation parameter may be based on the monitoring of another operation parameter. Thereby the processing power needed to monitor all operation parameters simultaneously can be reduced.
  • the normal state is set corresponding to an operation parameter of the same set of injectors in a different cylinder of the same engine.
  • the number of injectors in each set of injectors is 1.
  • the claimed method could require 33.3 % less of the time for indicating the injector having a failure in a cylinder with 3 injectors, compared to an operation of injectors in sets of 2 injectors.
  • an optical, acoustical and/or tactile alarm signal is output, when an abnormality of an operating parameter is detected.
  • the engine load can be reduced automatically in order to avoid further damage to other engine components.
  • said engine load reduction in the claimed method a faster reduction of the engine load can be achieved compared to a manual engine load reduction by the operator.
  • the diesel engine is a two-stroke diesel engine.
  • Two-stroke diesel engines are typically high-power engines that are often used on vessels, which cannot remain inoperable for too long and would greatly benefit from the above method for reducing the maintenance time of their engines. Additionally, such large two-stroke engines can incorporate multiple injectors per cylinder in order to improve the dispersion of fuel inside the cylinder prior to its ignition. Hence, with more injectors per cylinder the above method for detection of injection equipment failure becomes even more useful.
  • the operating parameter is the cylinder pressure and/or the exhaust gas temperature and/or the engine speed and/or the injection flow rate.
  • the present invention provides in particular an injection controller for use with a diesel engine having 2 to n (n>2) fuel injectors per cylinder, said injection controller having a receiving section configured to receive at least one operation parameter of the diesel engine, a monitoring section configured to recognize an abnormality of an operation parameter, if the operation parameter is outside a predetermined range, a control section configured to individually and independently control the injectors, and a diagnosis section, said diagnosis section being operable, when an observing section recognizes an abnormality of an operating parameter, wherein said diagnosis section is configured to sequentially operate at least two sets of 1 to n-1 injectors for at least one piston stroke, respectively, after the observing section recognizes the abnormality of an operating parameter, and to record corresponding operating parameter in response to the injection with the least two sets of 1 to n-1 injectors, and said diagnosis section is configured to output a signal indicating that the injector having a failure is the injector that has been concluded by comparison of the observed operation parameter of an operated set of injectors including the injector having a failure,
  • the above injection controller has the means/section to automatically determine the cause of failure and indicate it to the operator, so that a target-orientated repair can be executed within a shorter amount of time. Hence, the diesel engine will remain inoperable only for a very short time.
  • the monitoring section is advantageously connected to or part of an engine control unit (ECU).
  • ECU engine control unit
  • an injection controller that is a section of the engine control unit (ECU) of the engine.
  • an injection controller as described above that is capable of performing the method for detection of injection equipment failure as described further above.
  • FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method for detection of injection equipment failure in a diesel engine according to the invention having 2 injectors per cylinder.
  • Fig . 2 shows a flow chart of a method for detection of injection equipment failure in a diesel engine according to the invention having 3 injectors per cylinder.
  • the first Embodiment shown in Fig . 1 illustrates a method for detection of injection equipment failure in a two-stroke diesel engine with two fuel injectors per cylinder.
  • the following is basically based on the presumption that in case of an abnormality of an operation parameter, only one injector in a cylinder will have a failure at a time. It is statistically very unlikely that two injectors in a cylinder or one injector and a common flow fuse between injectors will have a failure at the same time.
  • the method is carried out with the subsequent steps of monitoring SI the exhaust gas temperature T of each cylinder, recognizing S2 an abnormality of the exhaust gas temperature T, if it is outside a predetermined range, operating S3 the injectors in a cylinder under sequential control such that a sequential control of two sets of one injector each, i.e.
  • the number of injectors in each set of injectors is one, is carried out to exclusively inject fuel into the cylinder while the remaining one injector is stayed, observing S4 the exhaust gas temperature T for each operating set, determining S5 that one of the two operated sets/injectors has a failure, if the observed exhaust gas temperature T for the operated set/injector differs distinctively from its normal state, and - by comparing the observed exhaust gas temperature T of the two sets - concluding therefrom the injector having a failure, wherein the normal state is set by recording the exhaust gas temperature T for each set/injector such that, for the operation parameter being the exhaust gas temperature T, the set/injector resulting in the higher exhaust gas temperature T is the one in its normal state and the operated set/injector resulting in the lower temperature T is the one having a failure as shown in Fig.
  • the second embodiment shown in Fig . 2 differs from the first embodiment in that the two-stroke diesel engine has three fuel injectors per cylinder instead of two. Further, the sequential control in S3 is carried out in three sets with two simultaneously operating injectors in each set. It is additionally determined S5 that one of the three operated sets has a failure, if the observed exhaust gas temperature T for the operated set differs distinctively from its normal state, and - by comparing the observed exhaust gas temperature T of the three sets - concluding therefrom the injector having a failure, wherein the normal state is set by recording the exhaust gas temperature T for each set such that, for the operation parameter being the exhaust gas temperature T, the set resulting in the higher exhaust gas temperature T is the one in its normal state and the operated two sets resulting in the lower temperature T are the ones having a failure as shown in Fig .
  • the injector that is in both of the sets resulting in the lower temperature T is concluded to be the injector having a failure.
  • the optical signal will indicate that a common flow fuse of the injectors has a failure.
  • each operated set may contain only one injector such that the exhaust gas temperatures T can individually be compared between each of the three injectors.
  • the third set/injector has a failure.
  • the common flow fuse has a failure.
  • an injection controller (not shown in the Figures) with the necessary sections for executing one of the methods is basically only a matter of software implementation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

Method for detection of injection equipment failure in a diesel engine having 2 to n fuel injectors per cylinder and an injection controller capable of applying said method, wherein, upon an abnormality of an operation parameter of the engine, the injectors in a cylinder are operated under sequential control in at least two sets of 1 to n-1 injectors and an operated set includes the injector having a failure, if the observed operation parameter for the operated set differs distinctively from its normal state, and - by comparison - concluding therefrom the injector having a failure and indicating it.

Description

INJECTION CONTROLLER AND METHOD FOR DETECTION OF INJECTION
EQUIPMENT FAILURE IN A DIESEL ENGINE
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an injection controller and a method for detection of injection equipment failure in a diesel engine.
Background Art
An injection controller and a method for detection of injection equipment failure in a diesel engine with some of the features of the respective independent claims are known.
Summary of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to improve the maintenance of the fuel injection equipment of a diesel engine.
An injection controller and a method for detection of injection equipment failure in a diesel engine according to the respective independent claims achieve this object. Preferable embodiments are set forth in their dependent claims.
The present invention provides in particular a method for detection of injection equipment failure in a diesel engine, having 2 to n (n>2) fuel injectors per cylinder, the method comprising the steps of: monitoring at least one operation parameter of the diesel engine, recognizing an abnormality of an operation parameter, if the operation parameter is outside a predetermined range, operating the injectors in a cylinder under sequential control such that a sequential control of at least two sets of 1 to n-1 injectors is carried out to exclusively inject fuel into the cylinder while the remaining at least one injector is stayed, observing the operation parameter for each operating set of injectors, determining that an operated set of injectors includes the injector having a failure, if the observed operation parameter for the operated set of injectors differs distinctively from its normal state, and - by comparing the observed operation parameter of sets of injectors - concluding therefrom the injector having a failure, and outputting a signal that indicates the injector having a failure.
The above method can automatically determine the cause of failure and indicate it to the operator, so that a target-orientated repair can be executed within a shorter amount of time. Hence, the diesel engine will remain inoperable only for a very short time. It is of course to be understood that the comparison of the observed operation parameter of sets of injectors means that the comparison of one set of injectors may be carried out with a target operation parameter or target operation parameter range that is set in advance for the normal state of the same set of injectors having the same number and arrangement of injectors. Also, the comparison of the observed operation parameter of one set of injectors may be with a pre-recorded target operation parameter or target operation parameter range for the normal state of such a set of injectors. Another logical possibility would be that the comparison of the observed operation parameter of one set of injectors is with another observed operation parameter of another set of injectors either of the same cylinder or of another cylinder in the same engine that does not have an abnormality of the operation parameter. The other observed operation parameter is interpreted as the normal state, if it differs distinctively from the one observed operation parameter and depending on the observed operation parameter differs in a direction that is expected from a normally operating injector.
Advantageously, the normal state of the operation parameter for each set of injectors is set in advance.
This measure can enhance the speed of determining the cause of failure, because the actual operation parameter can be compared quickly to an already programmed value of said parameter such that the injector having a failure could be concluded even before the last set of injectors has been operated .
It is further advantageously that the normal state is set by recording the operation parameter for each set of injectors.
A slight change in the monitored operation parameter over the lifetime of the diesel engine may be normal, which is why it can be beneficial to monitor that change and record it. By doing so, the predetermined range can be continuously adjusted, so that a true abnormality in the sense of a failure in the injection equipment can be recognized .
Advantageously, calculating the operation parameter for each set of injectors sets the normal state.
The calculation of one operation parameter may be based on the monitoring of another operation parameter. Thereby the processing power needed to monitor all operation parameters simultaneously can be reduced.
In a further advantageous embodiment, the normal state is set corresponding to an operation parameter of the same set of injectors in a different cylinder of the same engine.
This is a very reliable method of recognizing an abnormality, because it can be done by direct comparison instantaneously.
Advantageously, the number of injectors in each set of injectors is 1.
Observing the operation parameter for 1 distinct injector at a time is a reliable method to determine the injector having a failure in a cylinder. Depending on the exact choice of abnormality recognition, the overall detection of injection equipment failure could already be successful after only observing the operation parameter of the first injector, i.e. the first set of injectors, in a cylinder, in case the observed operation parameter of said first injector differs distinctively from its normal state. Hence, in this scenario, the claimed method could require 33.3 % less of the time for indicating the injector having a failure in a cylinder with 3 injectors, compared to an operation of injectors in sets of 2 injectors.
It is further advantageous that, if any set of injectors of one cylinder fails to reach the normal state of the operating parameter of that set, a signal is output that indicates that a common flow fuse of the injectors has a failure.
The above further improves the maintenance of the injection equipment in that after operating all of the injectors in a cylinder under sequential control it is not determined that every single injector has failure, which is very unlikely, but concluded that the common flow fuse for all of the injectors in a cylinder must be the cause of the abnormality in the operation parameter. Advantageously, an optical, acoustical and/or tactile alarm signal is output, when an abnormality of an operating parameter is detected.
This ensures that the operator is made aware of the critical situation and can take necessary actions in time.
It is particularly advantageous that the engine load is reduced, when an abnormality of an operation parameter is recognized.
As an intermediate step, in the above method, the engine load can be reduced automatically in order to avoid further damage to other engine components. By including said engine load reduction in the claimed method, a faster reduction of the engine load can be achieved compared to a manual engine load reduction by the operator.
Advantageously, the diesel engine is a two-stroke diesel engine.
Two-stroke diesel engines are typically high-power engines that are often used on vessels, which cannot remain inoperable for too long and would greatly benefit from the above method for reducing the maintenance time of their engines. Additionally, such large two-stroke engines can incorporate multiple injectors per cylinder in order to improve the dispersion of fuel inside the cylinder prior to its ignition. Hence, with more injectors per cylinder the above method for detection of injection equipment failure becomes even more useful.
It is further advantageous that the operating parameter is the cylinder pressure and/or the exhaust gas temperature and/or the engine speed and/or the injection flow rate.
Respective sensors often already monitor some of these values. Therefore, the incorporation of the above method would not necessarily require additional structural components, but could be realized by means of software only.
Further, the present invention provides in particular an injection controller for use with a diesel engine having 2 to n (n>2) fuel injectors per cylinder, said injection controller having a receiving section configured to receive at least one operation parameter of the diesel engine, a monitoring section configured to recognize an abnormality of an operation parameter, if the operation parameter is outside a predetermined range, a control section configured to individually and independently control the injectors, and a diagnosis section, said diagnosis section being operable, when an observing section recognizes an abnormality of an operating parameter, wherein said diagnosis section is configured to sequentially operate at least two sets of 1 to n-1 injectors for at least one piston stroke, respectively, after the observing section recognizes the abnormality of an operating parameter, and to record corresponding operating parameter in response to the injection with the least two sets of 1 to n-1 injectors, and said diagnosis section is configured to output a signal indicating that the injector having a failure is the injector that has been concluded by comparison of the observed operation parameter of an operated set of injectors including the injector having a failure, for which set it is observed that the operation parameter for the operated set of injectors differs distinctively from its normal state, with the observed operation parameter of other sets of injectors.
The above injection controller has the means/section to automatically determine the cause of failure and indicate it to the operator, so that a target-orientated repair can be executed within a shorter amount of time. Hence, the diesel engine will remain inoperable only for a very short time.
In the above injection controller, the monitoring section is advantageously connected to or part of an engine control unit (ECU).
This way the number of necessary components is reduced .
Further advantageous is an injection controller that is a section of the engine control unit (ECU) of the engine.
This further reduces the number of necessary components.
In particular advantageous is an injection controller as described above that is capable of performing the method for detection of injection equipment failure as described further above.
Brief Description of Drawings Fig . 1 shows a flow chart of a method for detection of injection equipment failure in a diesel engine according to the invention having 2 injectors per cylinder.
Fig . 2 shows a flow chart of a method for detection of injection equipment failure in a diesel engine according to the invention having 3 injectors per cylinder.
Description of Embodiments
First Embodiment
The first Embodiment shown in Fig . 1 illustrates a method for detection of injection equipment failure in a two-stroke diesel engine with two fuel injectors per cylinder. The following is basically based on the presumption that in case of an abnormality of an operation parameter, only one injector in a cylinder will have a failure at a time. It is statistically very unlikely that two injectors in a cylinder or one injector and a common flow fuse between injectors will have a failure at the same time.
Hence, the method is carried out with the subsequent steps of monitoring SI the exhaust gas temperature T of each cylinder, recognizing S2 an abnormality of the exhaust gas temperature T, if it is outside a predetermined range, operating S3 the injectors in a cylinder under sequential control such that a sequential control of two sets of one injector each, i.e. the number of injectors in each set of injectors is one, is carried out to exclusively inject fuel into the cylinder while the remaining one injector is stayed, observing S4 the exhaust gas temperature T for each operating set, determining S5 that one of the two operated sets/injectors has a failure, if the observed exhaust gas temperature T for the operated set/injector differs distinctively from its normal state, and - by comparing the observed exhaust gas temperature T of the two sets - concluding therefrom the injector having a failure, wherein the normal state is set by recording the exhaust gas temperature T for each set/injector such that, for the operation parameter being the exhaust gas temperature T, the set/injector resulting in the higher exhaust gas temperature T is the one in its normal state and the operated set/injector resulting in the lower temperature T is the one having a failure as shown in Fig. 1, and outputting S6 a signal to the operator that indicates the injector having a failure. In case all of the sets/injectors fail to reach the normal state of the exhaust gas temperature T of that set/injector, i.e. their temperatures T are approximately the same, a signal is output which indicates that a common flow fuse of the injectors has a failure. The signal in this case is an optical signal in form of a printout.
Second Embodiment
The second embodiment shown in Fig . 2 differs from the first embodiment in that the two-stroke diesel engine has three fuel injectors per cylinder instead of two. Further, the sequential control in S3 is carried out in three sets with two simultaneously operating injectors in each set. It is additionally determined S5 that one of the three operated sets has a failure, if the observed exhaust gas temperature T for the operated set differs distinctively from its normal state, and - by comparing the observed exhaust gas temperature T of the three sets - concluding therefrom the injector having a failure, wherein the normal state is set by recording the exhaust gas temperature T for each set such that, for the operation parameter being the exhaust gas temperature T, the set resulting in the higher exhaust gas temperature T is the one in its normal state and the operated two sets resulting in the lower temperature T are the ones having a failure as shown in Fig . 2. Hence, the injector that is in both of the sets resulting in the lower temperature T is concluded to be the injector having a failure. Again as in the first embodiment, in case all of the sets fail to reach the normal state of the exhaust gas temperature T of that set, i.e. their temperatures T are approximately the same, the optical signal will indicate that a common flow fuse of the injectors has a failure.
In the present embodiment each operated set may contain only one injector such that the exhaust gas temperatures T can individually be compared between each of the three injectors. In case two of the three sets/injectors show a similar exhaust gas temperature T that differs distinctively from the exhaust gas temperature T caused by the single operation of the third set/injector, it is concluded that the third set/injector has a failure. In case all sets/injectors cause a similar exhaust gas temperature T, it is concluded that the common flow fuse has a failure. It is noted that in a preferable embodiment that is not shown in the figures, the normal state of the operation parameter for each set of injectors is set in advance and serves as the basis for the comparison. This way the injector having a failure could be detected even before the final set has been operated . For example, in both of the above embodiments, operating sets of one injector and comparing the resulting operation parameter with the one set in advance, could lead to a conclusion that set/injector Nr. 1 has a failure so that the other sets/injectors do not have to be run at all . This would potentially result in 50% time savings for the first embodiment and 66.6% time savings for the second embodiment.
The above methods will be readily adapted to the further embodiments provided in the dependent claims and/or the summary of invention. Also, an injection controller (not shown in the Figures) with the necessary sections for executing one of the methods is basically only a matter of software implementation.

Claims

Claims
1. A method for detection of injection equipment failure in a diesel engine, having 2 to n (n>2) fuel injectors per cylinder, the method comprising the steps of:
- Monitoring (SI) at least one operation parameter of the diesel engine,
- Recognizing (S2) an abnormality of an operation parameter, if the operation parameter is outside a predetermined range,
- operating (S3) the injectors in a cylinder under sequential control such that a sequential control of at least two sets of 1 to n-1 injectors is carried out to exclusively inject fuel into the cylinder while the remaining at least one injector is stayed,
- observing (S4) the operation parameter for each operating set of injectors,
- determining (S5) that an operated set of injectors includes the injector having a failure, if the observed operation parameter for the operated set of injectors differs distinctively from its normal state, and - by comparing the observed operation parameter of sets of injectors - concluding therefrom the injector having a failure,
- outputting (S6) a signal that indicates the injector having a failure.
2. Method according to claims 1, wherein the normal state of the operation parameter for each set of injectors is set in advance.
3. Method according to claim 2, wherein the normal state is set by recording the operation parameter for each set of injectors.
4. Method according to claim 2, wherein the normal state is set by calculating operation parameter for each set of injectors.
5. Method according to one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the normal state is set corresponding to an operation parameter of the same set of injectors in a different cylinder of the same engine.
6. Method according to one of the foregoing claims, wherein the number of injectors in each set of injectors is 1.
7. Method according to one of the foregoing claims, wherein if any set of injectors of one cylinder fails to reach the normal state of the operating parameter of that set, a signal is output which indicates that a common flow fuse of the injectors has a failure.
8. Method according to one of the foregoing claims, wherein an optical, acoustical and/or tactile alarm signal is output, when an abnormality of an operating parameter is detected.
9. Method according to one of the foregoing claims, wherein the engine load is reduced, when an abnormality of an operation parameter is recognized (S2).
10. Method according to one of the foregoing claims, wherein the diesel engine is a two stroke diesel engine.
11. Method according to one of the foregoing claims, wherein the operating parameter is the cylinder pressure and/or the exhaust gas temperature and/or the engine speed and/or the injection flow rate.
12. Injection controller for use with a diesel engine having 2 to n (n>2) fuel injectors per cylinder, said injection controller having
- a receiving section configured to receive at least one operation parameter of the diesel engine,
- a monitoring section configured to recognize an abnormality of an operation parameter, if the operation parameter is outside a predetermined range,
- a control section configured to individually and independently control the injectors, and
- a diagnosis section, said diagnosis section being operable, when an observing section recognizes an abnormality of an operating parameter, wherein - said diagnosis section is configured to sequentially operate at least two sets of 1 to n-1 injectors for at least one piston stroke, respectively, after the observing section recognizes the abnormality of an operating parameter, and to record corresponding operating parameter in response to the injection with the least two sets of 1 to n-1 injectors, and
- said diagnosis section is configured to output a signal indicating that the injector having a failure is the injector that has been concluded by comparison of the observed operation parameter of an operated set of injectors including the injector having a failure, for which set it is observed that the operation parameter for the operated set of injectors differs distinctively from its normal state, with the observed operation parameter of other sets of injectors.
13. Injection controller according to claim 12, wherein the monitoring section is connected to or part of an engine control unit (ECU).
14. Injection controller according to claim 13, wherein the injection controller is a section of the engine control unit (ECU) of the engine.
15. Injection controller according to one of claims 12 to 14 that is capable of performing the method for detection of injection equipment failure according to one of claims 1 to 11.
PCT/EP2014/051517 2014-01-27 2014-01-27 Injection controller and method for detection of injection equipment failure in a diesel engine WO2015110178A1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14701404.7A EP3099914A1 (en) 2014-01-27 2014-01-27 Injection controller and method for detection of injection equipment failure in a diesel engine
PCT/EP2014/051517 WO2015110178A1 (en) 2014-01-27 2014-01-27 Injection controller and method for detection of injection equipment failure in a diesel engine
KR1020167020669A KR20160111939A (en) 2014-01-27 2014-01-27 Injection controller and method for detection of injection equipment failure in a diesel engine
JP2016546078A JP2017505400A (en) 2014-01-27 2014-01-27 Diesel Engine Injection Control Device and Method for Detecting Failure of Injection Device
CN201480074127.6A CN105940208A (en) 2014-01-27 2014-01-27 Injection controller and method for detection of injection equipment failure in a diesel engine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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PCT/EP2014/051517 WO2015110178A1 (en) 2014-01-27 2014-01-27 Injection controller and method for detection of injection equipment failure in a diesel engine

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