WO2015109539A1 - 超声监护设备及方法 - Google Patents

超声监护设备及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015109539A1
WO2015109539A1 PCT/CN2014/071403 CN2014071403W WO2015109539A1 WO 2015109539 A1 WO2015109539 A1 WO 2015109539A1 CN 2014071403 W CN2014071403 W CN 2014071403W WO 2015109539 A1 WO2015109539 A1 WO 2015109539A1
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Prior art keywords
blood pressure
parameter
blood flow
signal
imaging mode
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2014/071403
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘洋
张晓毳
韩怡
刘硕
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Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2014/071403 priority Critical patent/WO2015109539A1/zh
Priority to CN202011052212.6A priority patent/CN112057109B/zh
Priority to CN201480045752.8A priority patent/CN105580049B/zh
Publication of WO2015109539A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015109539A1/zh
Priority to US15/199,171 priority patent/US10716538B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US16/899,222 priority patent/US11103211B2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
    • A61B8/4416—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device related to combined acquisition of different diagnostic modalities, e.g. combination of ultrasound and X-ray acquisitions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
    • A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
    • A61B5/02108—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels from analysis of pulse wave characteristics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
    • A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
    • A61B5/0215—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by means inserted into the body
    • A61B5/02152—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by means inserted into the body specially adapted for venous pressure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/04—Measuring blood pressure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
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    • A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/5215—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data
    • A61B8/5223—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data for extracting a diagnostic or physiological parameter from medical diagnostic data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H50/00—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
    • G16H50/30—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for calculating health indices; for individual health risk assessment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2560/00—Constructional details of operational features of apparatus; Accessories for medical measuring apparatus
    • A61B2560/04—Constructional details of apparatus
    • A61B2560/0475—Special features of memory means, e.g. removable memory cards
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
    • A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
    • A61B5/0215—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by means inserted into the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
    • A61B5/022—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers
    • A61B5/02233—Occluders specially adapted therefor
    • A61B5/02241—Occluders specially adapted therefor of small dimensions, e.g. adapted to fingers
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    • A61B8/065—Measuring blood flow to determine blood output from the heart
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    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/48—Diagnostic techniques
    • A61B8/488—Diagnostic techniques involving Doppler signals

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus and method for synchronous scanning of multiple probes.
  • Ventricular-peripheral arterial coupling is considered as a whole.
  • the ventricles and arteries can be thought of as an elastic system whose interactions interact.
  • the relaxation and contraction of the ventricle is to supply blood to the viscera and the distal end of the limb including itself.
  • the left ventricle and the aorta can be seen as active and passive pumps in series with each other, the active pump and its resistance to the peripheral vascular tree will appear on the arterial curve.
  • the ventricle and peripheral arteries are properly matched and well coupled, there will be three peaks in the pulse wave, which in turn represent the left ventricle, aorta, and aortic valve closure.
  • the volume and/or pressure information of the ventricle and peripheral arteries are simultaneously acquired, it is possible to evaluate the law of ventricular contraction and peripheral arterial coupling.
  • At least one ultrasonic probe is attached to the body surface of the object to be tested for scanning the body surface of the object to be measured to obtain an echo signal;
  • a blood pressure measuring module configured to measure a blood pressure parameter of the measured object
  • a processing module configured to receive the echo signal, and process the echo signal into a blood flow parameter, and calculate a myocardial mechanical parameter according to the blood flow parameter and the blood pressure parameter;
  • a display module coupled to the processing module, configured to display the blood pressure parameter, the blood flow parameter, and the myocardial mechanical parameter.
  • the blood pressure parameter includes peripheral arterial pulse wave information and blood pressure information.
  • the blood pressure information is systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure.
  • the ultrasonic monitoring device includes a plurality of ultrasonic probes that are attached to different portions of the body surface of the object to be measured.
  • the plurality of ultrasonic probes are respectively attached to the ventricle, the aorta, and the peripheral artery of the subject to perform synchronous real-time scanning.
  • the processing module is configured to digitally process the echo signal to obtain a digital processing link signal, and calculate a numerical parameter, a waveform, or a trend graph according to the digital processing link signal, where the digital processing link
  • the signal is one of a radio frequency signal, a baseband signal, and an envelope signal.
  • the processing module is configured to digitally process the echo signal to obtain a digital processing link signal, obtain an ultrasound image according to the digital processing link signal and the selected imaging mode, and according to the ultrasound image Calculating the blood flow parameter;
  • the imaging mode supported by the processing module is at least one of the following: a B-type imaging mode, an M-type imaging mode, a color imaging mode, a pulse wave imaging mode, an elastography mode, and a 3D imaging mode. And 4D imaging mode.
  • the blood flow parameter comprises at least one of: a 2D ventricular motion curve, a M-type ventricular motion curve, a 2D or M-type aortic motion curve, an aortic forward Doppler blood flow signal, 2D or M type peripheral arterial motion curve and Doppler blood flow signal of peripheral arteries.
  • the processing module is configured to calculate at least one of the following according to the blood flow parameter: cardiac ejection fraction, left indoor short axis shortening rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, heart Index, left ventricular end-diastolic volume, and left ventricular end-systolic volume.
  • the processing module is configured to calculate at least one of: a ventricular diameter, a ventricular volume, an M-shaped curve ascending velocity, and an acceleration according to the blood flow parameter.
  • the myocardial mechanical parameters include at least one of: aortic valve closure to a peripheral artery ABP waveform rising branch initiation time, weighted aortic waveform variability with ventricular SV variability, M-type
  • the ascending velocity in the curve returns the slope of the ascending branch in the ABP waveform, the slope of the ascending branch in the aortic forward blood flow velocity regression ABP waveform, the left ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relationship line extension in the X-axis intercept and Maximum elastic modulus during systole.
  • the ultrasonic monitoring device further includes: an operation panel for receiving a trigger signal; the display module is configured to display a plurality of display windows, the plurality of display windows being used under the trigger of the operation panel Switch between displayed numeric parameters, waveforms, and trend graphs.
  • the blood pressure measurement module is at least one of the following: a cuff sphygmomanometer, a finger sphygmomanometer, an arterial catheter, and a venous catheter.
  • the ultrasound monitoring device further includes a storage module for storing the blood pressure parameter and blood flow parameters.
  • An ultrasonic monitoring method is implemented on the above ultrasonic monitoring device, the method comprising the following steps:
  • the blood pressure parameter, the blood flow parameter, and the myocardial mechanical parameter are displayed by the display module.
  • the blood pressure parameter includes peripheral arterial pulse wave information and blood pressure information.
  • the blood pressure information is systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure.
  • the ultrasonic monitoring device includes a plurality of ultrasonic probes that are attached to different portions of the body surface of the object to be measured.
  • the plurality of ultrasonic probes are respectively attached to the ventricle, the aorta, and the peripheral artery of the subject to perform synchronous real-time scanning.
  • the processing module processes the echo signal by digitally processing the echo signal to obtain a digital processing link signal, and calculating a numerical parameter according to the digital processing link signal.
  • the processing module processes the echo signal by digitally processing the echo signal to obtain a digital processing link signal, according to the digital processing link signal and the selected imaging mode.
  • the imaging mode supported by the processing module is at least one of the following: a B-type imaging mode, an M-type imaging mode, a color imaging mode, a pulse wave Imaging mode, elastography mode, 3D imaging mode, and 4D imaging mode.
  • the blood flow parameter comprises at least one of: a 2D ventricular motion curve, a M-type ventricular motion curve, a 2D or M-type aortic motion curve, an aortic forward Doppler blood flow signal, 2D or M type peripheral arterial motion curve and Doppler blood flow signal of peripheral arteries.
  • the processing module further calculates at least one of the following according to the blood flow parameter: cardiac ejection fraction, left indoor short axis shortening rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, cardiac index , left ventricular end-diastolic volume and left ventricular end-systolic volume.
  • the processing module further calculates at least one of: a ventricular diameter, a ventricular volume, an M-shaped curve ascending velocity, and an acceleration according to the blood flow parameter.
  • the myocardial mechanical parameters include at least one of: aortic valve closure to a peripheral artery ABP waveform rising branch initiation time, weighted aortic waveform variability with ventricular SV variability, M-type
  • the ascending velocity in the curve returns the slope of the ascending branch in the ABP waveform, the slope of the ascending branch in the aortic forward blood flow velocity regression ABP waveform, the left ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relationship line extension in the X-axis intercept and Maximum elastic modulus during systole.
  • the display module is configured to display a plurality of display windows, wherein the plurality of display windows are used to switch between displayed numerical parameters, waveforms, and trend graphs under the trigger of the operation panel .
  • the blood pressure measurement module is at least one of the following: a cuff sphygmomanometer, a finger sphygmomanometer, an arterial catheter, and a venous catheter.
  • the ultrasonic monitoring method further comprises storing the blood pressure parameter and blood flow parameter by a storage module.
  • the above-mentioned equipment and method utilizes ultrasonic and blood pressure synchronous monitoring technology to measure blood flow parameters and blood pressure parameters, and calculate the myocardial mechanical parameters such as maximum elastic modulus during systole by computer program processing, and trauma to the human body. Lesser, suitable for clinical applications.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of an ultrasonic monitoring device according to an embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a blood pressure waveform
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an ultrasonic monitoring method of an embodiment.
  • an ultrasound monitoring apparatus 100 of an embodiment includes at least one ultrasound probe 20 , a blood pressure measurement module 40 , a processing module 60 , and a display module 80 .
  • the number of ultrasonic probes 20 may be one or more.
  • the plurality of ultrasonic probes 20 may be attached to different parts of the body surface of the object to be tested (eg, a human body) in a variety of ways to transmit ultrasonic waves to the body tissue.
  • the ultrasonic waves are reflected or scattered by the blood vessels, and a part of them are returned to the ultrasonic probe 20 as echoes, whereby long-term, stable continuous ultrasonic scanning monitoring can be realized for the cut surfaces of a plurality of different parts.
  • the user (for example, a doctor) can freely adjust the fixed position of the ultrasonic probe 20, such as the ventricle, the aorta, and the peripheral artery, to scan the same section at the fixed position of the object to be tested, so that the probe can be scanned at any angle.
  • the human body can make the obtained ultrasound image more accurate.
  • the plurality of ultrasonic probes 20 then transmit the scanned echo signals to the processing module 60.
  • the blood pressure measurement module 40 is mainly used to measure the blood pressure parameter of the measured object and send the parameter to the processing module 60.
  • the measurement method can be non-invasive and invasive measurement.
  • the blood pressure measurement module 40 can be at least one of the following: a cuff sphygmomanometer, a finger sphygmomanometer, an arterial catheter, and a venous catheter that are coupled to the processing module 60 by wires.
  • the blood pressure measurement module 40 can also be a pressure sensor of various principles or other forms of pressure measurement module, including various corresponding modules used in the indirect measurement method and the direct measurement method, including but not limited to the volume compensation method.
  • the pulse wave velocity measurement method and the like may also be an ultrasonic blood pressure measurement module, which will not be described in detail herein.
  • the measured blood pressure parameters include peripheral arterial pulse wave information and blood pressure information such as mean arterial pressure, diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, and blood pressure waveform.
  • Figure 2 is a typical blood pressure waveform.
  • a is the rate of pressure rise, which is related to myocardial contractility
  • b is the area under the pulse pressure curve, which characterizes stroke volume
  • c is the systolic phase, which characterizes myocardial oxygen consumption time
  • d is the diastolic phase, and characterizes myocardial oxygen supply time.
  • the blood pressure measurement module 40 can perform synchronous monitoring scans with the plurality of ultrasound probes 20.
  • the processing module 60 can be integrated into a monitoring host 70 for processing the obtained echo signals to obtain blood flow parameters.
  • the processing module 60 processes the echo signal of the measured object, which may be specifically: calculating according to the echo signal, and obtaining a numerical parameter, a waveform, or a trend graph, where the numerical parameter is a blood flow force.
  • Physiological parameter information such as parameters and cardiac parameters.
  • the processing module 60 processes the echo signal of the object to be tested, which may be specifically: digitally processing the echo signal to generate a digital processing link signal, and optionally generating a selected or supported image.
  • An ultrasound image of the imaging mode is then automatically calculated and analyzed according to the ultrasound image obtained by the supported imaging mode to obtain a numerical parameter, a waveform or a trend graph;
  • the digital processing link signal is at least one of the following: a radio frequency signal, a baseband signal Envelope signal;
  • the imaging mode supported by the processing module 60 is at least one of the following: B-type (Brightness) imaging mode, M-type (Motion, one-dimensional spatial multi-point motion timing chart) imaging mode, color imaging Mode, pulse wave (PW) imaging mode, elastography mode, 3D (three-dimensional) imaging mode, and 4D (four-dimensional) imaging mode.
  • the blood flow parameters obtained by the processing module 60 may include hemodynamic parameters, cardiac parameters, and the like. For example, at least one of the following may be included: a 2D ventricular motion curve, a M-type ventricular motion curve, a 2D or M-type aortic motion curve, an aortic forward Doppler blood flow signal, a 2D or M-type peripheral artery motion curve, and Doppler flow signal of peripheral arteries.
  • the processing module 60 can also calculate at least one of the following parameters: cardiac ejection fraction, left indoor short axis shortening rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, heart Index, left ventricular end-diastolic volume, and left ventricular end-systolic volume.
  • the processing module 60 can also calculate at least one of the following parameters: ventricular diameter, ventricular volume, M-shaped curve ascending velocity, and acceleration.
  • the processing module 60 may further calculate at least one of the following myocardial mechanical parameters according to the blood flow parameters and the blood pressure parameters obtained from the blood pressure measurement module 40:
  • Aortic valve closure to peripheral arterial blood pressure (Arterial Blood Pressure, ABP) Waveform rise branch start time.
  • the aortic valve closure time point can be obtained by ultrasound M image, and the ABP rise branch start time can be obtained by the blood pressure measurement module 40, and the difference between the two can be obtained.
  • Stroke volume output with ventricle (Stroke Volume, SV) variability weighted aortic waveform variability.
  • the stroke volume variability abbreviated as SV variability (SVV)
  • SVV (SVmax - SVmin) / SVmean, that is, the difference between the highest stroke volume SVmax and the lowest stroke volume SVmin The value is then compared to the average stroke output SVmean.
  • the weighting method can be a ratio, a correlation coefficient, a function image, etc., which can be determined by actual clinical experience.
  • the rising velocity in the M-shaped curve returns the slope of the rising branch in the ABP waveform.
  • the rate of rise of the M curve is obtained from the ultrasound M map: (end-diastolic volume - end-systolic volume) / diastolic time; the slope of the ABP rise is obtained by the blood pressure measurement module 40, as shown by the a line in FIG. "Regression" as used herein and in other paragraphs of the text refers to the approximate quantitative relationship between the two variables' dependent changes.
  • the aortic forward blood flow velocity returns the slope of the ascending branch in the ABP waveform.
  • the aortic anterior blood flow velocity is calculated from the aortic anterior Doppler flow signal; the ascending branch slope is as described in (3).
  • Left ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relationship line is extended at the X-axis intercept (Vop).
  • Vop is the left ventricular end-systolic volume at the end of the left ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relationship line extension at the X-axis intercept, ie, the stress is equal to 0, which can be determined by pressure-volume multi-group data epitaxy or computer programmed processing.
  • left ventricular end-systolic pressure and end-systolic pressure-volume relationship can be obtained by cuff blood pressure and left heart catheter direct measurement of left ventricular pressure.
  • Emax Maximum elastic modulus (Emax) during systole.
  • the display module 80 is coupled to the processing module 60 for displaying the blood pressure parameter, the blood flow parameter, and the calculated parameter.
  • the display module 80 has: 1) an image display mode for displaying a 2D ventricular motion curve, an M-type ventricular motion curve, a 2D or M-type aortic motion curve, an aortic forward Doppler blood flow signal; 2D or M-type peripheral arterial motion curve; Doppler blood flow signal of peripheral arteries (user-selected); 2) Parameter display mode, used to display multi-site blood flow parameters and waveforms, blood pressure values and waveforms, ventricular diameter, M-shaped curve rise Velocity and acceleration values and trend graphs, maximum elastic modulus Emax during systole; 3) peripheral arterial pressure-ventricular volume map (systolic); 4) simultaneous blood flow status of left ventricle, aorta, peripheral artery, and peripheral blood vessels .
  • the left ventricle, aorta, and peripheral arteries can be represented by 2D ultrasound (ie, type B), M-ultrasound, ultrasound Doppler, or even 3D; peripheral blood vessels can achieve 2D, M, or Doppler through ultra-high frequency linear arrays.
  • the display mode of the Le can also display the blood oxygen saturation (SPO2) through the blood oxygen module.
  • SPO2 blood oxygen saturation
  • the parts displayed and the manner in which each part is displayed can be freely selected by the user. This provides a synchronized, coupled representational mechanism for the complete circulatory system of the left ventricular-aortic-peripheral arterial-peripheral cycle.
  • the ultrasound monitoring device 100 further includes an operator panel 82 for receiving a trigger signal.
  • the display module 80 is capable of displaying a plurality of display windows for switching between displayed numerical parameters, waveforms, and trend graphs under the trigger of the operation panel 82.
  • the mentioned "trigger" can be realized by using a physical operation key or a touch button integrated on the display screen of the display module 80, that is, displaying the display module 80 by touching an operation key or selecting a corresponding touch button.
  • the screen displays different information such as ultrasound images for the doctor to view.
  • the ultrasound monitoring apparatus 100 further includes a storage module 50 for storing the above-described blood pressure parameters, blood flow parameters, and other parameters for a doctor or the like to extract and access at any time.
  • the ultrasound monitoring device 100 can also include a conventional physiological monitoring module 90 for monitoring conventional physiological parameters.
  • the conventional physiological parameters include, for example, ECG parameters (electrocardiographic monitoring parameters), blood oxygen saturation parameters, and breathing, and the like.
  • the conventional physiological monitoring module 90 is integrated with a function module for monitoring the at least one parameter, for example, a module integrated with an ECG monitoring function, a monitoring blood oxygen saturation parameter function, and a monitoring breathing function.
  • the conventional physiological monitoring module 90 is coupled to the processing module 60 and can display the monitored conventional monitoring physiological parameters in a window of the display module 80.
  • the plurality of ultrasonic probes 20, the blood pressure measurement module 40, and the conventional physiological monitoring module 90 are also independent and detachable modules, which are all connected to the monitoring host 70.
  • a corresponding plug-in interface can be reserved at the corresponding position on the monitoring host 70. When a certain/some monitoring module needs to be used, only the corresponding measuring module can be plugged into the monitoring host, so that Convenient for doctors to choose.
  • the above equipment uses ultrasonic and blood pressure synchronous monitoring technology to measure blood flow parameters and blood pressure parameters, and calculates the myocardial mechanical parameters such as the maximum elastic modulus during systole by computer program processing, which is more traumatic to the human body. Small, can be used for continuous monitoring over a long period of time, suitable for clinical applications.
  • an ultrasonic monitoring method of an embodiment may be implemented in an ultrasonic monitoring device as described above, which includes the following steps:
  • S310 Scan the surface of the measured object by the ultrasonic probe to obtain an echo signal.
  • a plurality of ultrasonic probes can be attached to different parts of the body surface of the object to be tested (for example, a human body) in various ways, thereby enabling long-term, stable continuous ultrasonic scanning monitoring of the cut surfaces of a plurality of different parts. .
  • the plurality of ultrasound probes are respectively attached to the ventricles, aorta, and peripheral arteries of the subject for simultaneous real-time scanning.
  • the blood pressure parameter of the measured object is measured by the blood pressure measurement module.
  • the blood pressure measurement module is at least one of the following: a cuff sphygmomanometer, a finger sphygmomanometer, an arterial catheter, and a venous catheter.
  • the blood pressure parameters include peripheral arterial pulse wave information and blood pressure information.
  • the blood pressure information is systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure.
  • the processing module processes the echo signal by performing digital processing on the echo signal to obtain a digital processing link signal, and calculating a numerical parameter, a waveform, or a waveform according to a digital processing link signal.
  • the digital processing link signal is one of a radio frequency signal, a baseband signal, and an envelope signal.
  • the processing module processes the echo signal by digitally processing the echo signal to obtain a digital processing link signal, and obtaining the digital processing link signal and the selected imaging mode. And obtaining an image of the blood flow according to the ultrasound image; and the imaging mode supported by the processing module is at least one of the following: a B-type imaging mode, an M-type imaging mode, a color imaging mode, and a pulse wave imaging Mode, elastography mode, 3D imaging mode, and 4D imaging mode.
  • the blood flow parameters include at least one of: a 2D ventricular motion curve, a M-type ventricular motion curve, a 2D or M-type aortic motion curve, an aortic forward Doppler blood flow signal, 2D Or M-type peripheral arterial motion curve and Doppler blood flow signal of peripheral arteries.
  • the processing module further calculates at least one of the following: blood ejection fraction, left indoor short axis shortening rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, cardiac index, Left ventricular end-diastolic volume and left ventricular end-systolic volume.
  • the processing module further calculates at least one of: a ventricular diameter, a ventricular volume, an M-shaped curve ascending velocity, and an acceleration according to the blood flow parameter.
  • the myocardial mechanical parameters include at least one of: aortic valve closure to a peripheral artery ABP waveform rising branch initiation time, weighted aortic waveform variability with ventricular SV variability, M-curve The rising velocity in the regression curve of the ascending branch in the ABP waveform, the slope of the ascending branch in the aortic forward blood flow velocity regression ABP waveform, the left ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relationship line extension in the X-axis intercept and contraction The maximum modulus of elasticity.
  • the display module is configured to display a plurality of display windows for switching between displayed numerical parameters, waveforms, and trend graphs under the trigger of the operation panel.
  • the ultrasound monitoring method further includes storing the blood pressure parameter and blood flow parameter by the storage module.
  • the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or a read-only storage memory (Read-Only) Memory, ROM) or random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), etc.
  • the coupling referred to herein includes various contact and contactless connections that can deliver signals/energy.
  • this article defines an ultrasound monitoring device, it can be understood that the ultrasound probe and the blood pressure measurement module can also be integrated into other medical devices or systems, such as an ultrasound probe and a blood pressure measurement module integrated into a CT or MRI device.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种超声监护设备及超声监护方法。该超声监护设备包括：至少一个超声波探头，贴合在被测对象体表，用于对被测对象体表进行扫描以获得回波信号；血压测量模块，用于测量被测对象的血压参数；处理模块，用于接收回波信号，并将回波信号处理成血流参数，根据血流参数和血压参数计算得出心肌力学参数；及显示模块，耦接于处理模块，用于显示血压参数、血流参数及心肌力学参数。上述设备和方法利用超声波及血压监测技术，同步测定血流参数和血压参数，并通过计算机程序处理计算得出收缩期最大弹性模量等心肌力学参数，对人体的创伤性较小，适合临床应用。

Description

超声监护设备及方法
【技术领域】
本发明涉及医疗设备领域，尤其涉及一种多探头同步扫描的超声诊断设备及方法。
【背景技术】
心室-外周动脉偶联是把循环系统作为一个整体来考虑，心室和动脉可以看作是一个弹性系统，其作用是相互影响的。心室的舒张和收缩是为了给包括自身在内的内脏和肢体远端供血。由于左心室和主动脉可以看成是相互串联的主动泵和被动泵，主动泵及其受到外周血管树的阻力会表现在动脉波形曲线上。当心室和外周动脉匹配合适、耦合良好的时候脉搏波会出现3个波峰，依次代表左心室、主动脉及主动脉瓣关闭。同时采集心室和外周动脉的容积和/或压力信息时就有可能评估心室收缩和外周动脉耦合的规律。
在众多的心功能检测指标中，心搏量、射血分数等均受心脏前后负荷和心率的影响，不能特异反映在体心室收缩功能和心肌的收缩力(文中的“在体”与“离体”相对)。大量的资料证明，收缩末期压力-容积关系对评估心脏收缩功能状态有着重要的意义。传统的心导管法测得的最大弹性模量(Maximum Elastance, Emax)是心室收缩末期压力-容积关系线的斜率，是反映在体心室肌收缩力的特异指标。但因心导管法的创伤性及昂贵的价格，临床很难开展。
【发明内容】
基于此，有必要提供一种超声监护设备及超声监护方法，能够创伤性较小地获得心肌力学参数。
至少一个超声波探头，贴合在被测对象体表，用于对所述被测对象体表进行扫描以获得回波信号；
血压测量模块，用于测量所述被测对象的血压参数；
处理模块，用于接收所述回波信号，并将所述回波信号处理成血流参数，根据所述血流参数和所述血压参数计算得出心肌力学参数；及
显示模块，耦接于所述处理模块，用于显示所述血压参数、所述血流参数及所述心肌力学参数。
在其中一个实施例中，所述血压参数包括外周动脉脉搏波信息及血压信息。
在其中一个实施例中，所述血压信息为收缩压、舒张压及平均动脉压。
在其中一个实施例中，所述超声监护设备包括多个超声波探头，所述多个超声波探头贴合在被测对象体表的不同部位。
在其中一个实施例中，所述多个超声波探头分别贴合在被测对象的心室、主动脉和外周动脉上进行同步实时扫描。
在其中一个实施例中，所述处理模块用于对所述回波信号进行数字处理获得数字处理环节信号，并根据数字处理环节信号计算获得数值型参数、波形或趋势图，所述数字处理环节信号为射频信号、基带信号、包络信号其中之一。
在其中一个实施例中，所述处理模块用于将所述回波信号进行数字处理以获得数字处理环节信号，根据数字处理环节信号及所选择的成像模式获得超声图像，并根据所述超声图像计算获得所述血流参数；所述处理模块所支持的成像模式为如下的至少一种：B型成像模式、M型成像模式、彩色成像模式、脉冲波成像模式、弹性成像模式、3D成像模式及4D成像模式。
在其中一个实施例中，所述血流参数包括如下的至少一种：2D心室运动曲线、M型心室运动曲线、2D或者M型主动脉运动曲线、主动脉前向多普勒血流信号、2D或者M型外周动脉运动曲线及外周动脉的多普勒血流信号。
在其中一个实施例中，所述处理模块用于根据所述血流参数计算得到如下的至少一种：心脏射血分数、左室内短轴缩短率、每搏输出量、心排血量、心脏指数、左室舒张末期容积及左室收缩末期容积。
在其中一个实施例中，所述处理模块用于根据所述血流参数计算得到如下的至少一种：心室直径、心室容积、M型曲线上升速度和加速度。
在其中一个实施例中，所述心肌力学参数包括以下中的至少一种：主动脉瓣关闭到外周动脉ABP波形上升支起始点时间、用心室的SV变异度加权主动脉波形变异度、M型曲线中的上升速度回归ABP波形曲线中的上升支的斜率、主动脉前向血流速度回归ABP波形曲线中的上升支的斜率、左室收缩末期压力-容积关系线外延在X轴截距及收缩期最大弹性模量。
在其中一个实施例中，所述收缩期最大弹性模量通过以下公式计算得到：Emax=Pes/（Ves-Vop），其中Emax为收缩期最大弹性模量；Pes为收缩末期左室压；Ves为左室收缩末期容积；Vop为左室收缩末期压力-容积关系线外延在X轴截距。
在其中一个实施例中，超声监护设备还包括：用于接收触发信号的操作面板；所述显示模块用于显示多个显示窗口，所述多个显示窗口用于在所述操作面板的触发下对显示的数值型参数、波形和趋势图之间进行切换。
在其中一个实施例中，所述血压测量模块为以下中的至少一种：袖带式血压计、指套式血压计、动脉置管及静脉置管。
在其中一个实施例中，超声监护设备还包括存储模块，用于存储所述血压参数和血流参数。
一种超声监护方法，其在上述的超声监护设备上实现，所述方法包括如下步骤：
通过所述超声波探头对所述被测对象体表的进行扫描以获得回波信号；
通过所述血压测量模块测量被测对象的血压参数；
通过所述处理模块接收所述回波信号，并将所述回波信号处理成血流参数；并根据所述血流参数和所述血压参数计算得出心肌力学参数；及
通过所述显示模块显示所述血压参数、所述血流参数及所述心肌力学参数。
在其中一个实施例中，所述血压参数包括外周动脉脉搏波信息及血压信息。
在其中一个实施例中，所述血压信息为收缩压、舒张压及平均动脉压。
在其中一个实施例中，所述超声监护设备包括多个超声波探头，所述多个超声波探头贴合在被测对象体表的不同部位。
在其中一个实施例中，所述多个超声波探头分别贴合在被测对象的心室、主动脉和外周动脉上进行同步实时扫描。
在其中一个实施例中，所述处理模块对所述回波信号进行处理的步骤为：对所述回波信号进行数字处理获得数字处理环节信号，并根据数字处理环节信号计算获得数值型参数、波形或趋势图，所述数字处理环节信号为射频信号、基带信号、包络信号其中之一。
在其中一个实施例中，所述处理模块对所述回波信号进行处理的步骤为：对所述回波信号进行数字处理以获得数字处理环节信号，根据数字处理环节信号及所选择的成像模式获得超声图像，并根据所述超声图像计算获得所述血流参数；所述处理模块所支持的成像模式为如下的至少一种：B型成像模式、M型成像模式、彩色成像模式、脉冲波成像模式、弹性成像模式、3D成像模式及4D成像模式。
在其中一个实施例中，所述血流参数包括如下的至少一种：2D心室运动曲线、M型心室运动曲线、2D或者M型主动脉运动曲线、主动脉前向多普勒血流信号、2D或者M型外周动脉运动曲线及外周动脉的多普勒血流信号。
在其中一个实施例中，所述处理模块还根据所述血流参数计算得到如下的至少一种：心脏射血分数、左室内短轴缩短率、每搏输出量、心排血量、心脏指数、左室舒张末期容积及左室收缩末期容积。
在其中一个实施例中，所述处理模块还根据所述血流参数计算得到如下的至少一种：心室直径、心室容积、M型曲线上升速度和加速度。
在其中一个实施例中，所述心肌力学参数包括以下中的至少一种：主动脉瓣关闭到外周动脉ABP波形上升支起始点时间、用心室的SV变异度加权主动脉波形变异度、M型曲线中的上升速度回归ABP波形曲线中的上升支的斜率、主动脉前向血流速度回归ABP波形曲线中的上升支的斜率、左室收缩末期压力-容积关系线外延在X轴截距及收缩期最大弹性模量。
在其中一个实施例中，所述收缩期最大弹性模量通过以下公式计算得到：Emax=Pes/（Ves-Vop），其中Emax为收缩期最大弹性模量；Pes为收缩末期左室压；Ves为左室收缩末期容积；Vop为左室收缩末期压力-容积关系线外延在X轴截距。
在其中一个实施例中，所述显示模块用于显示多个显示窗口，所述多个显示窗口用于在所述操作面板的触发下对显示的数值型参数、波形和趋势图之间进行切换。
在其中一个实施例中，所述血压测量模块为以下中的至少一种：袖带式血压计、指套式血压计、动脉置管及静脉置管。
在其中一个实施例中，超声监护方法还包括通过存储模块存储所述血压参数和血流参数。
相对传统的心导管法，上述设备和方法利用超声波及血压同步监测技术，测定血流参数和血压参数，并通过计算机程序处理计算得出收缩期最大弹性模量等心肌力学参数，对人体的创伤性较小，适合临床应用。
【附图说明】
通过附图中所示的本发明的优选实施例的更具体说明，本发明的上述及其它目的、特征和优势将变得更加清晰。在全部附图中相同的附图标记指示相同的部分，且并未刻意按实际尺寸等比例缩放绘制附图，重点在于示出本发明的主旨。
图1为一实施方式的超声监护设备的功能模块示意图；
图2为血压波形曲线的示意图；
图3为一实施方式的超声监护方法的流程图。
【具体实施方式】
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明。但是本发明能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施，本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似改进，因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施的限制。
请参阅图1，一实施例的超声监护设备100包括至少一个超声波探头20、血压测量模块40、处理模块60及显示模块80。
超声波探头20的数量可以为一个或多个。在一个实施例中，多个超声波探头20可以通过多种方式附着在被测对象（例如人体）体表的不同部位，向体组织发送超声波。该超声波被血管反射或散射，一部分返回到超声波探头20内作为回波被接收，由此可以对多个不同部位的切面实现长时间、稳定的连续超声扫描监测。使用者（例如医生）可以自由调节超声波探头20的固定位置，例如心室、主动脉及外周动脉等，以对被测对象的固定位置处的同一切面进行扫描，从而使得探头可以以任意角度扫描人体，如此可以使获得的超声图像更加准确。多个超声波探头20然后将扫描得到回波信号传送给处理模块60。
血压测量模块40主要用于测量被测对象的血压参数，并将该参数发送给处理模块60。测量方法可以为无创法及有创法测量。血压测量模块40可以为以下中的至少一种：袖带式血压计、指套式血压计、动脉置管及静脉置管，其通过导线与处理模块60相连。在其他实施例中，血压测量模块40也可为各种原理的压力传感器或者其他形式的压力测量模块，包括间接测量法和直接测量法所采用的各种相应模块，包括但不限于容积补偿法、脉搏波速测定法等，还可以是超声血压测量模块，在此不进行详细说明。测量得到的血压参数包括外周动脉脉搏波信息及血压信息，例如平均动脉压、舒张压、收缩压及血压波形曲线等。请参阅图2，其为典型的血压波形曲线。其中，a表示压力上升速度，其与心肌收缩力有关；b表示脉搏压曲线下面积，表征每搏输出量；c表示收缩期，表征心肌氧耗时间；d表示舒张期，表征心肌氧供时间。在处理模块60的控制下，血压测量模块40可以与多个超声波探头20进行同步监测扫描。
处理模块60可以被集成到一个监护主机70中，用于对获得的回波信号进行处理得到血流参数。在一个实施例中，处理模块60对被测对象的回波信号进行处理可以具体为：根据回波信号进行计算，获得数值型参数、波形或趋势图，所述数值型参数即为血流动力学参数及心动参数等生理参数信息。在另一个实施例中，处理模块60对被测对象的回波信号进行处理可以具体为：对回波信号进行数字处理以生成数字处理环节信号，并可选择性的进一步生成所选或者所支持成像模式的超声图像，然后根据所支持的成像模式获得的超声图像进行自动计算分析，获得数值型参数、波形或趋势图；所述数字处理环节信号为如下的至少一种：射频信号、基带信号、包络信号；处理模块60所支持的成像模式为如下的至少一种：B型（Brightness，辉度）成像模式、M型（Motion，一维空间多点运动时序图）成像模式、彩色成像模式、脉冲波（PW）成像模式、弹性成像模式、3D（三维）成像模式及4D（四维）成像模式。
经处理模块60处理获得的血流参数可以包括血流动力学参数及心动参数等。例如，可以包括以下的至少一种：2D心室运动曲线、M型心室运动曲线、2D或者M型主动脉运动曲线、主动脉前向多普勒血流信号、2D或者M型外周动脉运动曲线及外周动脉的多普勒血流信号。基于上述血流参数，在一个实施例中，处理模块60还可以计算得到如下参数中的至少一种：心脏射血分数、左室内短轴缩短率、每搏输出量、心排血量、心脏指数、左室舒张末期容积及左室收缩末期容积。在一个实施例中，处理模块60还可以计算得到如下参数中的至少一种：心室直径、心室容积、M型曲线上升速度和加速度。
本实施例中，处理模块60还可以根据上述血流参数和从血压测量模块40得到的血压参数计算得出以下心肌力学参数中的至少一种：
（1）主动脉瓣关闭到外周动脉血压（Arterial Blood Pressure，ABP）波形上升支起始点时间。主动脉瓣关闭时间点可以通过超声M图像获得，ABP上升支起始时间可以通过血压测量模块40得到，两者做差值即可得到。
（2）用心室的每搏输出量（Stroke Volume，SV）变异度加权主动脉波形变异度。每搏输出量变异度，简称SV变异度（SVV），可通过如下公式计算得到：SVV=(SVmax-SVmin)/SVmean，即最高的每搏输出量SVmax与最低的每搏输出量SVmin的差值再与每搏输出量平均值SVmean相比。主动脉波形变异度可参考脉压变异率（pulse pressure variation，PPV），并通过如下公式计算得到：PPV=(PPmax-PPmin)/PPmean，其中最大脉压PPmax及最小脉压PPmin均可以通过血压测量模块40测得。加权方式可以为比值、相关系数、函数图像等等，其可由实际临床经验来确定。
（3）M型曲线中的上升速度回归ABP波形曲线中的上升支的斜率。M曲线上升速度由超声M图获得：（舒张末容积-收缩末容积）/舒张时间；ABP上升斜率由血压测量模块40获得，如图2中a线所示。此处及文中其他段落所述的“回归”是指两个变量间依存变化的近似的数量关系。
（4）主动脉前向血流速度回归ABP波形曲线中的上升支的斜率。主动脉前向血流速度由主动脉前向多普勒血流信号计算得到；上升支斜率同（3）所述。
（5）左室收缩末期压力-容积关系线外延在X轴截距（Vop）。Vop是左室收缩末期压力-容积关系线外延在X轴截距，即应力等于0时的左室收缩末期容积，其可以根据压力-容积多组数据外延或经计算机程序化处理后求出。实践中，用袖带血压和左心导管直测左室压可以获得左室收缩末期压和收缩末期压力-容积关系。结果显示，收缩末期左室压(Pes)与平均动脉血压（Bp）相关性良好(r=0.82)。用Bp代替左室收缩末期压求得的左室收缩末期压力-容积关系线（end-systolic pressure-volume relation，ESPVR）与创伤直测压计算的ESPVR相比，相关性更好(r=0.99)，因此，可以用平均动脉血压代替收缩末期左室压来评估左室收缩末期压力-容积关系线。收缩末期左室压（Pes）可以通过如下方式计算：Pes=(Pps-Pd)/3+Pd，其中，Pps为收缩压，Pd为舒张压，均可以通过血压测量模块40获得。
（6）收缩期最大弹性模量（Emax）。Emax是把左室看成后壁空腔的椭圆弹性体，根据心肌力学原理：Emax=Pes/（Ves-Vop）求得。其中Pes为收缩末期左室压；Ves为左室收缩末期容积；Vop为左室收缩末期压力-容积关系线外延在X轴截距。Emax是反映心室收缩力的敏感指标，且不受负荷因素影响。
显示模块80耦接于处理模块60，用于显示上述血压参数、血流参数及上述经计算得到的参数。具体的，显示模块80具有：1）图像显示模式，用于显示2D心室运动曲线、M型心室运动曲线、2D或者M型主动脉运动曲线、主动脉前向多普勒血流信号；2D或者M型外周动脉运动曲线；外周动脉的多普勒血流信号（用户自选）；2）参数显示模式，用于显示多部位血流参数及波形、血压数值及波形、心室直径、M型曲线上升速度和加速度数值及趋势图、收缩期最大弹性模量Emax；3）显示外周动脉压力-心室容积图（收缩期）；4）同时显示左心室、主动脉、外周动脉、末梢血管的血流状态。其中左心室、主动脉、外周动脉可通过2D超声（即B型）、M超、超声多普勒甚至3D的方式来表示；末梢血管可通过超高频线阵来实现2D、M或者多普勒的显示方式，也可通过血氧模块实现血氧饱和度（SPO2）的显示。显示哪些部位，各部位采用何种表现方式，均可由使用者自由选择。由此可以对左室-主动脉-外周动脉-末梢循环这个完整的循环系统提供一个同步的、耦合的表现机制。
在一个实施例中，超声监护设备100还包括用于接收触发信号的操作面板82。显示模块80能够显示多个显示窗口，所述多个显示窗口用于在操作面板82的触发下对显示的数值型参数、波形和趋势图之间进行切换。所提到的“触发”可以通过采用物理操作键或集成在显示模块80的显示屏上的触控按钮来实现，即通过触动操作键或选择一个对应的触控按钮，使显示模块80的显示屏幕显示超声图像等不同信息，以利医生进行查看。
在一个实施例中，超声监护设备100还包括存储模块50，用于存储上述血压参数、血流参数和其他参数，供医生等随时提取调阅。
在一个实施例中，超声监护设备100还可以包括常规生理监护模块90，用于监测常规生理参数。所述常规生理参数包括诸如：ECG参数（心电监护参数）、血氧饱和度参数及呼吸等。具体地，常规生理监护模块90为集成有监测上述至少一种参数的功能模块，具体例如集成有ECG监护的功能、监护血氧饱和度参数功能及监护呼吸功能等的模块。常规生理监护模块90与处理模块60耦合，并能将监测得到的常规监护生理参数显示在显示模块80的窗口中。
可以理解，多个超声波探头20、血压测量模块40及常规生理监护模块90也为相互独立的可拆卸的模块，其均与监护主机70实现插拨连接。可以在监护主机70上相应位置上预留有相对应的插拨接口，当需要使用某个/某些监测模块时，只需将相应的测量模块插接到该监护主机上即可，这样可以方便医生灵活选用。
相对传统的心导管法，上述设备利用超声波及血压同步监测技术，测定血流参数和血压参数，并通过计算机程序处理计算得出收缩期最大弹性模量等心肌力学参数，对人体的创伤性较小，可做相对长时间内的连续监测，适合临床应用。
请参阅图3，一实施方式的超声监护方法，可以在如前所述的超声监护设备中实现，其包括如下步骤：
S310，通过所述超声波探头对所述被测对象体表的进行扫描以获得回波信号。
在一个实施例中，多个超声波探头可以通过多种方式附着在被测对象（例如人体）体表的不同部位，由此可以对多个不同部位的切面实现长时间、稳定的连续超声扫描监测。
在一个实施例中，所述多个超声波探头分别贴合在被测对象的心室、主动脉和外周动脉上进行同步实时扫描。
S320，通过所述血压测量模块测量被测对象的血压参数。
在一个实施例中，所述血压测量模块为以下中的至少一种：袖带式血压计、指套式血压计、动脉置管及静脉置管。
在一个实施例中，所述血压参数包括外周动脉脉搏波信息及血压信息。
在一个实施例中，所述血压信息为收缩压、舒张压及平均动脉压。
S330，通过所述处理模块接收所述回波信号，并将所述回波信号处理成血流参数；并根据所述血流参数和所述血压参数计算得出心肌力学参数。
在一个实施例中，所述处理模块对所述回波信号进行的处理为：对所述回波信号进行数字处理获得数字处理环节信号，并根据数字处理环节信号计算获得数值型参数、波形或趋势图，所述数字处理环节信号为射频信号、基带信号、包络信号其中之一。
在另一个实施例中，所述处理模块对所述回波信号进行的处理为：将所述回波信号进行数字处理以获得数字处理环节信号，根据数字处理环节信号及所选择的成像模式获得超声图像，并根据所述超声图像计算获得所述血流参数；所述处理模块所支持的成像模式为如下的至少一种：B型成像模式、M型成像模式、彩色成像模式、脉冲波成像模式、弹性成像模式、3D成像模式及4D成像模式。
在一个实施例中，所述血流参数包括如下的至少一种：2D心室运动曲线、M型心室运动曲线、2D或者M型主动脉运动曲线、主动脉前向多普勒血流信号、2D或者M型外周动脉运动曲线及外周动脉的多普勒血流信号。
在一个实施例中，所述处理模块还根据所述血流参数计算得到如下的至少一种：心脏射血分数、左室内短轴缩短率、每搏输出量、心排血量、心脏指数、左室舒张末期容积及左室收缩末期容积。
在一个实施例中，所述处理模块还根据所述血流参数计算得到如下的至少一种：心室直径、心室容积、M型曲线上升速度和加速度。
在一个实施例中，所述心肌力学参数包括以下中的至少一种：主动脉瓣关闭到外周动脉ABP波形上升支起始点时间、用心室的SV变异度加权主动脉波形变异度、M型曲线中的上升速度回归ABP波形曲线中的上升支的斜率、主动脉前向血流速度回归ABP波形曲线中的上升支的斜率、左室收缩末期压力-容积关系线外延在X轴截距及收缩期最大弹性模量。
在一个实施例中，所述收缩期最大弹性模量通过以下公式计算得到：Emax=Pes/（Ves-Vop），其中Emax为收缩期最大弹性模量；Pes为收缩末期左室压；Ves为左室收缩末期容积；Vop为左室收缩末期压力-容积关系线外延在X轴截距。
S340，通过所述显示模块显示所述血压参数、所述血流参数及所述心肌力学参数。
在一个实施例中，所述显示模块用于显示多个显示窗口，所述多个显示窗口用于在所述操作面板的触发下对显示的数值型参数、波形和趋势图之间进行切换。
在一个实施例中，所述超声监护方法还包括通过所述存储模块存储所述血压参数和血流参数。
可以理解的是，本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程，是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，所述的程序可存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中，该程序在执行时，可包括如上述各方法的实施例的流程。其中，所述的存储介质可为磁碟、光盘、只读存储记忆体（Read-Only Memory，ROM）或随机存储记忆体（Random Access Memory，RAM）等。本文所称的耦接，包括可以传递信号/能量的各种接触式和非接触式连接方式。本文虽然定义了超声监护设备，但可以理解的是，也可以通过将超声波探头和血压测量模块一同集成到其他医疗设备或系统中，比如将超声波探头和血压测量模块集成到CT、MRI设备中。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种超声监护设备，其特征在于，包括：
    至少一个超声波探头，贴合在被测对象体表，用于对所述被测对象体表进行扫描以获得回波信号；
    血压测量模块，用于测量所述被测对象的血压参数；
    处理模块，用于接收所述回波信号，并将所述回波信号处理成血流参数，根据所述血流参数和所述血压参数计算得出心肌力学参数；及
    显示模块，耦接于所述处理模块，用于显示所述血压参数、所述血流参数及所述心肌力学参数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的超声监护设备，其特征在于，所述血压参数包括外周动脉脉搏波信息及血压信息。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的超声监护设备，其特征在于，所述血压信息为收缩压、舒张压及平均动脉压。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的超声监护设备，其特征在于，所述超声监护设备包括多个超声波探头，所述多个超声波探头贴合在被测对象体表的不同部位。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的超声监护设备，其特征在于，所述多个超声波探头分别贴合在被测对象的心室、主动脉和外周动脉上进行同步实时扫描。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的超声监护设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块用于对所述回波信号进行数字处理获得数字处理环节信号，并根据数字处理环节信号计算获得数值型参数、波形或趋势图，所述数字处理环节信号为射频信号、基带信号、包络信号其中之一。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的超声监护设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块用于对所述回波信号进行数字处理以获得数字处理环节信号，根据数字处理环节信号及所选择的成像模式获得超声图像，并根据所述超声图像计算获得所述血流参数；所述处理模块所支持的成像模式为如下的至少一种：B型成像模式、M型成像模式、彩色成像模式、脉冲波成像模式、弹性成像模式、3D成像模式及4D成像模式。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的超声监护设备，其特征在于，所述血流参数包括如下的至少一种：2D心室运动曲线、M型心室运动曲线、2D或者M型主动脉运动曲线、主动脉前向多普勒血流信号、2D或者M型外周动脉运动曲线及外周动脉的多普勒血流信号。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的超声监护设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块用于根据所述血流参数计算得到如下的至少一种：心脏射血分数、左室内短轴缩短率、每搏输出量、心排血量、心脏指数、左室舒张末期容积及左室收缩末期容积。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的超声监护设备，其特征在于，所述处理模块用于根据所述血流参数计算得到如下的至少一种：心室直径、心室容积、M型曲线上升速度和加速度。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的超声监护设备，其特征在于，所述心肌力学参数包括以下中的至少一种：主动脉瓣关闭到外周动脉ABP波形上升支起始点时间、用心室的SV变异度加权主动脉波形变异度、M型曲线中的上升速度回归ABP波形曲线中的上升支的斜率、主动脉前向血流速度回归ABP波形曲线中的上升支的斜率、左室收缩末期压力-容积关系线外延在X轴截距及收缩期最大弹性模量。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的超声监护设备，其特征在于，所述收缩期最大弹性模量通过以下公式计算得到：Emax=Pes/（Ves-Vop），其中Emax为收缩期最大弹性模量；Pes为收缩末期左室压；Ves为左室收缩末期容积；Vop为左室收缩末期压力-容积关系线外延在X轴截距。
  13. 根据权利要求6所述的超声监护设备，其特征在于，还包括：
    用于接收触发信号的操作面板；所述显示模块用于显示多个显示窗口，所述多个显示窗口用于在所述操作面板的触发下对显示的数值型参数、波形和趋势图之间进行切换。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的超声监护设备，其特征在于，所述血压测量模块为以下中的至少一种：袖带式血压计、指套式血压计、动脉置管及静脉置管。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的超声监护设备，其特征在于，还包括存储模块，用于存储所述血压参数和血流参数。
  16. 一种超声监护方法，其在如权利要求1至权利要求15任一项所述的超声监护设备上实现，所述方法包括如下步骤：
    通过所述超声波探头对所述被测对象体表的进行扫描以获得回波信号；
    通过所述血压测量模块测量所述被测对象的血压参数；
    通过所述处理模块接收所述回波信号，并将所述回波信号处理成血流参数；并根据所述血流参数和所述血压参数计算得出心肌力学参数；及
    通过所述显示模块显示所述血压参数、所述血流参数及所述心肌力学参数。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述血压参数包括外周动脉脉搏波信息及血压信息。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述血压信息为收缩压、舒张压及平均动脉压。
  19. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述超声监护设备包括多个超声波探头，所述多个超声波探头贴合在被测对象体表的不同部位。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述多个超声波探头分别贴合在被测对象的心室、主动脉和外周动脉上进行同步实时扫描。
  21. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述处理模块对所述回波信号进行处理的步骤为：对所述回波信号进行数字处理获得数字处理环节信号，并根据数字处理环节信号计算获得数值型参数、波形或趋势图，所述数字处理环节信号为射频信号、基带信号、包络信号其中之一。
  22. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述处理模块对所述回波信号进行处理的步骤为：对所述回波信号进行数字处理以获得数字处理环节信号，根据数字处理环节信号及所选择的成像模式获得超声图像，并根据所述超声图像计算获得所述血流参数；所述处理模块所支持的成像模式为如下的至少一种：B型成像模式、M型成像模式、彩色成像模式、脉冲波成像模式、弹性成像模式、3D成像模式及4D成像模式。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的方法，其特征在于，所述血流参数包括如下的至少一种：2D心室运动曲线、M型心室运动曲线、2D或者M型主动脉运动曲线、主动脉前向多普勒血流信号、2D或者M型外周动脉运动曲线及外周动脉的多普勒血流信号。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的方法，其特征在于，所述处理模块还根据所述血流参数计算得到如下的至少一种：心脏射血分数、左室内短轴缩短率、每搏输出量、心排血量、心脏指数、左室舒张末期容积及左室收缩末期容积。
  25. 根据权利要求23所述的方法，其特征在于，所述处理模块还根据所述血流参数计算得到如下的至少一种：心室直径、心室容积、M型曲线上升速度和加速度。
  26. 根据权利要求24所述的方法，其特征在于，所述心肌力学参数包括以下中的至少一种：主动脉瓣关闭到外周动脉ABP波形上升支起始点时间、用心室的SV变异度加权主动脉波形变异度、M型曲线中的上升速度回归ABP波形曲线中的上升支的斜率、主动脉前向血流速度回归ABP波形曲线中的上升支的斜率、左室收缩末期压力-容积关系线外延在X轴截距及收缩期最大弹性模量。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的方法，其特征在于，所述收缩期最大弹性模量通过以下公式计算得到：Emax=Pes/（Ves-Vop），其中Emax为收缩期最大弹性模量；Pes为收缩末期左室压；Ves为左室收缩末期容积；Vop为左室收缩末期压力-容积关系线外延在X轴截距。
  28. 根据权利要求21所述的方法，其特征在于，所述显示模块用于显示多个显示窗口，所述多个显示窗口用于在所述操作面板的触发下对显示的数值型参数、波形和趋势图之间进行切换。
  29. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述血压测量模块为以下中的至少一种：袖带式血压计、指套式血压计、动脉置管及静脉置管。
  30. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括通过所述存储模块存储所述血压参数和血流参数。
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