WO2015106993A1 - Redundantes antriebssystem - Google Patents
Redundantes antriebssystem Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015106993A1 WO2015106993A1 PCT/EP2015/050133 EP2015050133W WO2015106993A1 WO 2015106993 A1 WO2015106993 A1 WO 2015106993A1 EP 2015050133 W EP2015050133 W EP 2015050133W WO 2015106993 A1 WO2015106993 A1 WO 2015106993A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- motors
- inverter
- drive system
- inverters
- winding
- Prior art date
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 85
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/003—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to inverters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0092—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption with use of redundant elements for safety purposes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D27/00—Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
- B64D27/02—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
- B64D27/24—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants using steam or spring force
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/16—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring
- H02P25/22—Multiple windings; Windings for more than three phases
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P5/00—Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of two or more electric motors
- H02P5/74—Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of two or more electric motors controlling two or more ac dynamo-electric motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/10—Air crafts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/32—Waterborne vessels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/40—Working vehicles
- B60L2200/44—Industrial trucks or floor conveyors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
- B60L2220/40—Electrical machine applications
- B60L2220/42—Electrical machine applications with use of more than one motor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
- B60L2220/50—Structural details of electrical machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
- B60L2220/50—Structural details of electrical machines
- B60L2220/56—Structural details of electrical machines with switched windings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
- B60L2220/50—Structural details of electrical machines
- B60L2220/58—Structural details of electrical machines with more than three phases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
- B60L2240/423—Torque
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/325—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection with means for allowing continuous operation despite a fault, i.e. fault tolerant converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/493—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode the static converters being arranged for operation in parallel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P3/00—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters
- H02P3/06—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter
- H02P3/18—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter for stopping or slowing an ac motor
- H02P3/22—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter for stopping or slowing an ac motor by short-circuit or resistive braking
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/60—Electric or hybrid propulsion means for production processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
Definitions
- the invention relates to a drive system, wherein the drive system has at least two inverters and at least two motors.
- the invention further relates to a method for the redundancy principle of a drive system.
- motors are used both to drive machines and to accelerate or decelerate vehicles. The motors are thereby ver ⁇ ensures on power electronic actuators with energy.
- This power electronics used in the control or control as an actuator for the transmission of energy from the power supply network to the motors.
- inverters are used as power electronic actuators. In many applications, an inverter is used for each motor.
- Moto ⁇ ren each of them in terms of torque can be individually gere ⁇ gelt.
- several motors are supplied, for example, two or four of ei ⁇ nem inverter.
- the cost of the drive system can be reduced.
- an individu ⁇ elles rules of engines in terms of torque split between the motors connected with this arrangement is no longer possible.
- a failure of an alternating then selrichters impact on all of it supplied engines so that they no longer beitra ⁇ gen can the Antriebsaufgäbe.
- the ability to continue operating even in the event of a drive component failure is referred to as redundancy.
- the invention has for its object to provide a drive system that even in case of failure of an inverter Be ⁇ operation of all engines still allows and at the same time is inexpensive to produce.
- a drive system wherein the drive system has at least two inverters and at least two motors, wherein the motors each have a stator and a rotor, wherein the at least two motors in the stator each have at least a first winding system and a second winding system, wherein the respective first winding system having a first inverter and the respective second winding system are electrically connected to a second inverter.
- This object is further achieved by a method of redundant operation of a Antriebssys- tems, wherein the motors replace if failure of a first Wech ⁇ selrichters with the second inverter electrical energy.
- the invention is based on the finding that for a drive system with two or more motors, the reliability can be increased by running the motors in the stator with several winding systems. In doing so, be NEN the winding systems of a motor is the same or un ⁇ differently executed. In the event that the winding systems the same, that is to say in particular with the same Win ⁇ extension number, are executed, a symmetrical position of the winding systems can ensure that the single winding of a motor ⁇ systems are indistinguishable.
- the assignment of the inverters depends on which winding system of the motor the inverter is connected.
- the inverter in Antriebssyste ⁇ men with more than two motors and more than two inverters, it is possible that a particular inverter for a first motor, for example, represents the first inverter and represents the second inverter for another motor.
- the designation of the individual inverters can therefore differ for the individual motors. Further details are also described with reference to FIG.
- the motors can be DC motors or AC motors.
- AC motors may be asynchronous or synchronous motors.
- the rotor also referred to as a rotor, can act as a squirrel cage rotor,
- each inverter feeds winding systems of a plurality of motors. It has been found to be particularly advantageous if the number of inverters with the number of motors is identical. In an exemplary design with two inverters and two motors in case of failure of an inverter, the two motors that with are still connected to this inverter, still provide at least half of their torque or power avail ⁇ supply.
- the change ⁇ judge with respect to the available the engine torque and / or power greater so that upon failure of one inverter, that is in redundant mode, still more than half of the drive torque or the on ⁇ drive power to Available.
- ⁇ is at a dimensioning of the inverter to 120% at least 60% of the performance in case of failure of a Wech ⁇ selrichters available.
- Inverter are reduced in performance, are arranged on opposite sides of the aircraft, for example a motor on the right wing and a motor on the left wing, so the failure of an inverter affects these two sides of the aircraft evenly, since both engines can be continued with reduced power.
- Special measures to stabilize the Aircraft for example, in the direction of flight, which would be necessary in the failure of a complete engine on only one side of the aircraft, can be avoided. But also for other types of vehicles, such as rail vehicles, this drive has proven to be advantageous.
- two Mo ⁇ motors are fed from two converters via in each case two separate winding systems in the motors, so also arise here advantages.
- the maximum torque is reduced according to Di ⁇ dimensioning example, to about half.
- a reductive ⁇ tion of the maximum torque is more favorable than the failure of a complete motor to about a half by two motors.
- the maximum torque that can be transmitted between wheel and rail can be significantly reduced.
- a higher torque of an engine can not be exploited. If, as described, the failure of an inverter results in the failure of a complete motor, starting up the train on inclines can become completely impossible. This dislocation causes a costly salvage action and leads to the annoyance ⁇ tion of passengers.
- conveyor systems In which the reduction of the torque of two engines has a more favorable effect than the failure of a complete engine are, for example, conveyor systems.
- An example of a conveyor system which is particularly suitable for the application of the drive system according to the invention, is a paper web.
- conveyor systems can interrupt production if one drive fails on one side and on the other Side with a high moment the drive continues to operate.
- the load on the belt increases significantly, so that in extreme cases it leads to a crack in the belt
- Conveyor belt can come.
- the failure of an engine may be significantly more negative in the transportie ⁇ to yield product affect as a simultaneous reduction of the engine torque of multiple motors.
- These negative effects may be manifested by the fact that no more transport of goods can be made or that the cargo is deformed or otherwise damaged due to different forces.
- the effects range from disabling manufacturing to large and expensive rejects.
- the drive system according to the invention is able to prevent these negative effects and a safe
- the motors have other winding systems. This makes it mög ⁇ Lich to feed the engines by more inverters. As a result, the performance of the engine was reduced significantly less than when powered by just two inverters.
- the performance in case of failure of an inverter connected to a winding system is reduced by 1 / n.
- the combination with three inverters on three motors, each having three winding systems proved. The failure of an inverter reduces the efficiency of the motors by a maximum of 33%. For aircraft, this configuration has proven to be particularly favorable, since two
- Motors may be arranged symmetrically to an axis of movement of the flight ⁇ zeugs respectively and the third motor in UNMIT ⁇ ate vicinity to the axis of motion, can be arranged similar to the pro peller ⁇ a single engine aircraft. This causes a special flight stability.
- ⁇ as already for vehicles, particularly air ⁇ vehicles, discussed, and are particularly straight ⁇ -numbered numbers of inverters and motors, as they may be arranged symmetrically in many vehicles.
- a particularly favorable compromise between good redundancy and low cost is the drive system with four inverters and four motors, each powered by four windings of the four inverters, since then an inverter failure affects equally on all engines.
- the winding systems of the respective motors are electrically connected to inverters, which are arranged at different intermediate circuits.
- inverters which are arranged at different intermediate circuits.
- Triplege ⁇ assumed that the winding systems of each motor are each supplied by inverters, which are connected to different intermediate circuits.
- errors and failures in the environment of the inverters should have little effect on the performance of the motors.
- One possible source of failure is at ⁇ play, the power semiconductor or the intermediate circuit capacitor.
- the failure of an intermediate circuit capacitor for example by a short circuit in the capacitor or its busbar at which this intermediate circuit capacitor is connected, can be just as ateurlegierter power semiconductor simultaneous failure of the cause the inverter connected to this DC link. It is therefore particularly advantageous to feed the winding systems of each motor via inverters that are supplied from different intermediate circuits.
- the failure of an intermediate circuit has little effect on the Leis ⁇ processing capability of the respective over-supplied engines. It can thus be ensured that the failure of a DC link leads to a complete failure of an engine.
- the winding system of the individual motors are designed such that a power distribution and / or a torque distribution between the motors can be controlled and / or regulated by the inverters.
- the winding systems in the motors are designed so differently that the supply by the individual inverters has different effects on the motors. This can be achieved by the fact that the winding systems differ with regard to the number of turns or the position relative to one another. Then has an applied voltage or voltage change on Inverter a different effect on the connected ⁇ winding systems and thus on the sau Kunststoffli ⁇ Chen engines. This makes it possible to realize a distribution of the torque or the power to the different motors through the inverters.
- the motors react to different degrees to the voltage applied by the different inverters to the winding systems. This can be a moment or
- Power distribution to the individual motors can be realized.
- the extent to which the distribution of the moments and / or the powers to the individual motors is different depends on the configuration of the winding systems, in particular the number of turns.
- the dimensioning of the uneven distribution depends on the application. For vehicles, both land vehicles and aircraft, this effect can be used, for example, for cornering in such a way to make moments on different vehicle sides, right / left and / or front / rear, so different around the
- switches are arranged in the connections between the inverter and the winding system in order to disconnect the inverter electrically from the winding systems to be supplied by it in the event of a fault. It has proven particularly advantageous to arrange one or more switches at the output of each inverter, with which all connections to the individual winding systems can be separated. The switches can be carried out unipolar or multipolar.
- an inverter may be electrically disconnected from the motors for maintenance purposes.
- the advantage is that the drive system is not completely switched off. but can be continued with reduced torque or power.
- the switches can also be arranged in such a way that it is possible to switch off individual motors from the drive system electrically.
- a central control device for controlling the inverters and / or the switch.
- This has the advantage of realizing the actuation of the switches by an already existing control device.
- This central control device due to its measured values knowledge as ⁇ of the operating state, the drive system is located and whether a defect of an inverter is present.
- the central control device can also disconnect the electrical connection between this inverter and the connected motors. It has proved to be particularly advantageous to provide a central control device both for controlling all inverters and all switches. This provides a particularly cost-effective implementation possibility.
- the system can be optimized in terms of cost and space requirements by integrating the central control device in an inverter.
- the motors exchange electrical energy in the event of failure of a first inverter with the second inverter and / or one or more other inverters.
- This method allows to ensure a redundancy operation on failure of a Wech ⁇ selrichters at a previously introduced drive system.
- Si represents the method rather, even if one inverter fails, the corresponding motors are still adequately supplied with energy via the other inverters in order to continue to supply torque. In this way, an operation of the motors with reduced torque or reduced power in redundant operation is possible and also inexpensive and on ⁇ wall poor feasible.
- the power flow between the inverters and the winding systems of the motors is coordinated via switches and / or a central control device.
- the switches ensure that the inverters can be electrically disconnected from the winding systems of the motors in the event of a fault. This is especially necessary if a defect in one
- Inverter would flow to a current flow, if at its output a voltage is applied. Since the motors continue to be fed by the non-defective inverters, an induced voltage is also produced in the winding system which is assigned to the defective inverter. To si ⁇ cherieri that there is no current flow, the defective inverter is disconnected by the switch from its associated winding systems.
- the central control device has the task of coordinating the distribution of individual moments or individual performances on the existing engines. This can always happen when the winding systems of the individual motors are designed differently, as described above. Thus, the central control device then has the possibilities to control both the division of the moment or the power to the individual motors as well as the shutdown of individual inverters.
- FIG. 3 shows a further drive system according to the invention with further switches
- FIG. 4 shows a further drive system according to the invention with further winding systems and further inverters
- FIG. 5 shows a further drive system according to the invention with different winding systems in the respective motors
- FIG. 7 shows a further drive system according to the invention, in which the winding systems of each motor of
- Inverters of different DC circuits are fed.
- FIG. 1 shows an already known drive system 1. This has two inverters 3 and two motors 2.
- the Mo 2 ⁇ factors in turn include a coil system 21.
- the motors 2 are respectively fed through separate inverters. 3
- the failure of an inverter 3 means that the motor 2 connected there also fails and thus can no longer supply a torque.
- group drives are known in which an inverter 3 feeds several motors 2. While this is kos ⁇ cheaper than establishing structure shown in FIG 1, but the controllability or control ⁇ bility of the individual motors 2 is lost in this group drive.
- FIG. 2 shows an inventive drive system 1 with two inverters 31, 32, two motors 2 and in each case a switch 4 at the output of the inverters 31, 32 and a central control device 5.
- the central control device 5 can be carried out separately or in one of the change judge 31, 32 be integrated.
- the motors 2 each have two winding systems 21, 22.
- the two winding systems 21, 22 are each powered by an inverter 31, 32 with energy.
- At the output of the inverters 31, 32 each have a switch 4 is arranged. This switch 4 makes it possible, in the event of failure of one of the two inverters 31, 32 to separate them from the connected motors 2.
- the inverters 31, 32 and the switch 4 are controlled by the central control device 5.
- the central control device evaluates five measurement signals be ⁇ write the state of the drive system 1 to drive the inverters 31, 32 and thereby be able to control the drive system 1 in an operating point. These measurement signals are not shown in FIG 2 for the sake of clarity. Recognizes the central crizungsein ⁇ device 5 a fault in one of the two inverters 31, 32, it switches this off and opens the associated switch 4 at the output of this inverter 31, 32. This is an operation of engine 2 via the power supply of the other inverter 32, 31 still possible.
- the motors 2 each have two winding systems 21, 22.
- each winding system is powered by another inverter 31, 32. This can be ensured in contrast to the drive system shown in Figure 1, that even if one inverter 31, 32 still both motors can generate 2 torques.
- the designation of the winding systems 21, 22 results from this, with which inverter 31, 32 this is connected.
- the winding systems 21, 22 may be the same, in particular with respect to the number of turns, or may be designed differently.
- the two motors 2 can be operated with approximately half maximum power or half maximum torque on. Higher performance in redundant mode can be achieved by a corresponding chend larger dimensions of the inverter 31, 32 and / or the motors 2 reach.
- FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a inventions to the invention the drive system 1.
- the drive system 1 To avoid repetition, with respect to matching components of the drive system 1, reference is made to the description of FIG 2 and the dor ⁇ term reference numerals.
- the representation of the central control device 5 and the corresponding signals to the inverters 31, 32 and to the switches 4 has been dispensed with.
- the drive system 1 of FIG. 3 has switches 4 in the supply lines between the inverters 31, 32 and winding systems 21, 22 of the motors 2. With this arrangement, it is possible not only to disconnect an inverter 31, 32 from the connected motors 2, but also, conversely, to disconnect a motor 2 from its connected inverters 31, 32.
- the switch 4 it is thus also possible in the de- fect of an engine 2 to the other motors or 2, further comprising power from the inverters 31, 32 to supply de Antriebssys ⁇ tems. 1 Also, the separation of a motor 2 with ⁇ the winding systems 21, 22 of its inverters 31, 32 is possible for maintenance purposes. Another way of arranging the switch is, one each
- the arrangement of these switches 4 can be arranged in all branching connections, in some branching connections or else only in a branching connection.
- FIG 4 shows another embodiment of a inventions to the invention the drive system 1.
- the motors 2 of this embodiment have, in addition to the first winding system 21 and the second winding system 22 of the motor 2, a further winding system 23. It is also possible that this is more further Wick ⁇ treatment systems 23rd
- the electrical supply of the wei ⁇ nic winding system 23 via one or more other inverter 33. Also in this example, a separate inverter 31, 32, 33 is provided for the supply of each winding system.
- the present figure shows the sake of clarity, only the connection of a motor 2 to the inverters 31, 32, 33 of the Antriebssys ⁇ system 1.
- the drive system 1 may have any number of motors 2. It has proven to be favorable if the number of motors 2 corresponds to the number of inverters 31, 32 and 33. Comparable with FIG 2, each inverter 31, 32, 33 on the output side each have a scarf ter ⁇ ter 4, which allows, in the case of a fault in one of the inverters 31, 32, 33 this from the to be supplied by him motors 2 separate. Alternatively, it is also possible to arrange the switches in the leads between inverters 31, 32 and 33 and the winding systems 21, 22 and 23 according to FIG 3 and the descriptions made there. The number of winding systems 21, 22 and 23, depending on the application, can also be smaller than the number of in
- FIG. 5 shows a further example of application of a drive system 1, in which the individual winding systems 21, 22 of a motor 2 differ.
- the control of an inverter 31, 32 has different effects on the individual motors 2 due to the different characteristics of the individual winding systems 21, 22. This means concretely that an output voltage at a
- Inverter 31, 32 leads to different, connected winding systems 21, 22 of the motors 2 to under defenceli ⁇ chen streams and thus to different moments. With this arrangement, it is possible, according to the design of the motors 2, to divide the corresponding torques or powers into the individual motors 2.
- the motors 2 can be made identical to each other.
- the voltage at the output of each inverter 3, 31, 32 has a different effect on the different engines 2 ⁇ .
- the first inverter 31 acts on the upper motor 2 in the same way as the second inverter affects the lower motor 2.
- the inverters each have a different influence on the respective other motors 2.
- a suitable output voltage at the inverters 31, 32, 33 a distribution of the torques or the power on the individual motors can be influenced. This can both be controlled or controlled by suitable feedback signals such as motor currents.
- FIG. 6 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a drive system 1 with four motors 2 and four inverters 3.
- This embodiment shows how it is possible to connect four motors 2, each with two winding systems 21, 22, to a total of four inverters 3.
- the individual inverter 3 as the first inverter 31 and second inverter 32, since each inverter 3 represents another inverter 3 for another motor. So is 32.
- the second uppermost Wech ⁇ selrichter for the shown in Figure 6 top motor 2 of the uppermost inverter 3, the first inverter 31 and the underlying inverter 3, the second inverter 3, the first inverter 31 and the third-highest inverter 3 is the second inverter 32.
- the two winding systems 21, 22 of the motors can be the same in this construction or differ in particular in the number of turns.
- the individual winding systems can be arranged in-phase or have an offset from each other. In the present embodiment, an offset by an angle of 90 ° or 180 ° is possible.
- inverter 3 and the individual winding systems 21, 22 of the motors 2 ensures that even if two inverters 3 fail, a maximum of one motor will fail completely, ie no more torque or power will be delivered.
- the other motors can continue to operate at least at a reduced torque or at reduced power.
- FIG. 7 shows a further exemplary application of a drive system 1 according to the invention.
- This exemplary embodiment indicates how the inverters 3 can be supplied with energy from the energy supply network 8.
- the input power converters 7 take energy from the power supply network 8 to feed them into a DC link 6.
- the intermediate circuit 6, supplies the individual current inverters 3.
- the individual winding systems 21, 22 of the motors 2 are supplied by inverters 3, which are fed with energy from different intermediate circuits 6. Even in case of failure of an intermediate circuit 6 and the associated failure of the inverter 3 connected thereto, at least one winding system 21, 22 of the motors 2 can still be supplied with energy. This leads to a high security of supply of the drive system 1 according to the invention.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Multiple Motors (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15/111,696 US9592737B2 (en) | 2014-01-15 | 2015-01-07 | Redundant drive system |
CN201580004649.3A CN105916721B (zh) | 2014-01-15 | 2015-01-07 | 冗余的驱动系统 |
BR112016016226A BR112016016226A2 (pt) | 2014-01-15 | 2015-01-07 | Sistema de acionamento, veículo, avião e método para operação redundante de um sistema de acionamento |
EP15700534.9A EP3068657B1 (de) | 2014-01-15 | 2015-01-07 | Redundantes antriebssystem |
CA2936680A CA2936680A1 (en) | 2014-01-15 | 2015-01-07 | Redundant drive system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP14151300.2A EP2896532A1 (de) | 2014-01-15 | 2014-01-15 | Redundantes Antriebssystem |
EP14151300.2 | 2014-01-15 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2015106993A1 true WO2015106993A1 (de) | 2015-07-23 |
Family
ID=49920262
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2015/050133 WO2015106993A1 (de) | 2014-01-15 | 2015-01-07 | Redundantes antriebssystem |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9592737B2 (de) |
EP (2) | EP2896532A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN105916721B (de) |
BR (1) | BR112016016226A2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2936680A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2015106993A1 (de) |
Cited By (6)
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WO2018100075A1 (de) | 2016-12-01 | 2018-06-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Zwei-phasen-kühlung für ein elektrisches antriebssystem |
DE102017212798A1 (de) | 2017-07-26 | 2019-01-31 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Elektromotor mit Kühleinrichtung |
CN109843632A (zh) * | 2016-10-28 | 2019-06-04 | 西门子股份公司 | 用于驱动推进机构的电机 |
DE102017223800A1 (de) | 2017-12-27 | 2019-06-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Kühlung eines Rotors einer elektrischen Maschine |
DE102018205623A1 (de) | 2018-04-13 | 2019-10-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Statorzahnsystem |
WO2020011867A1 (de) | 2018-07-11 | 2020-01-16 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Luftfahrzeug-antriebssystem |
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EP3032714A1 (de) | 2014-12-09 | 2016-06-15 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Dynamoelektrische Maschine mit einem Meldesystem zur Kurzschlusserkennung im Wicklungssystem |
DE102015226836A1 (de) * | 2015-12-30 | 2017-07-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Redundantes, elektrisches Antriebssystem zum Antreiben eines Vortriebsmittels eines Luftfahrzeugs und Verfahren zum Antreiben des Vortriebsmittels |
DE102016207288A1 (de) * | 2016-04-28 | 2017-11-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Elektrische Maschine mit zwei angeschlossenen Wechselrichtern |
CN106452203A (zh) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-02-22 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | 一种可靠的驱动控制系统及其控制方法 |
US11063323B2 (en) | 2019-01-23 | 2021-07-13 | H55 Sa | Battery module for electrically-driven aircraft |
US10854866B2 (en) | 2019-04-08 | 2020-12-01 | H55 Sa | Power supply storage and fire management in electrically-driven aircraft |
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US11148819B2 (en) | 2019-01-23 | 2021-10-19 | H55 Sa | Battery module for electrically-driven aircraft |
US10479223B2 (en) | 2018-01-25 | 2019-11-19 | H55 Sa | Construction and operation of electric or hybrid aircraft |
DE102017209174A1 (de) | 2017-05-31 | 2018-12-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Redundante elektrische Maschine zum Antreiben eines Vortriebsmittels |
CN107315404A (zh) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-11-03 | 袁兵 | 基于故障检测的无人机驱动控制系统 |
CN107317522B (zh) * | 2017-07-14 | 2019-08-27 | 上海航天控制技术研究所 | 抑制双绕组直流无刷电机反向电动势和感应电动势的电路 |
DE102017220941A1 (de) | 2017-11-23 | 2019-05-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Elektrische Maschine mit erhöhter Betriebssicherheit |
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GB2581789A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2020-09-02 | Tra Robotics Ltd | Wireless battery charging system for automated guided vehicles (AGVs) |
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DE102020121931A1 (de) | 2020-08-21 | 2022-02-24 | Liebherr-Aerospace Lindenberg Gmbh | Redundanter Antrieb |
DE102021112819A1 (de) * | 2021-05-18 | 2022-11-24 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Steuereinrichtung zur Ansteuerung eines redundanten Aktuators mit zwei Teilaktuatoren |
US11787550B1 (en) * | 2022-05-04 | 2023-10-17 | Beta Air, Llc | Propulsor assembly powered by a dual motor system |
FR3137621A1 (fr) * | 2022-07-08 | 2024-01-12 | Safran Electrical & Power | Dispositif de charge d’une batterie, chaîne propulsive, aéronef et procédé associés |
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- 2015-01-07 EP EP15700534.9A patent/EP3068657B1/de active Active
- 2015-01-07 WO PCT/EP2015/050133 patent/WO2015106993A1/de active Application Filing
- 2015-01-07 CN CN201580004649.3A patent/CN105916721B/zh active Active
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- 2015-01-07 BR BR112016016226A patent/BR112016016226A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
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Cited By (12)
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CN109843632A (zh) * | 2016-10-28 | 2019-06-04 | 西门子股份公司 | 用于驱动推进机构的电机 |
CN109843632B (zh) * | 2016-10-28 | 2022-06-14 | 劳斯莱斯德国有限两合公司 | 用于驱动推进机构的电机 |
WO2018100075A1 (de) | 2016-12-01 | 2018-06-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Zwei-phasen-kühlung für ein elektrisches antriebssystem |
DE102017212798A1 (de) | 2017-07-26 | 2019-01-31 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Elektromotor mit Kühleinrichtung |
WO2019020684A1 (de) | 2017-07-26 | 2019-01-31 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Elektromotor mit kühleinrichtung |
US11271455B2 (en) | 2017-07-26 | 2022-03-08 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Electric motor having a cooling device |
DE102017223800A1 (de) | 2017-12-27 | 2019-06-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Kühlung eines Rotors einer elektrischen Maschine |
DE102018205623A1 (de) | 2018-04-13 | 2019-10-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Statorzahnsystem |
WO2020011867A1 (de) | 2018-07-11 | 2020-01-16 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Luftfahrzeug-antriebssystem |
DE102018211459A1 (de) | 2018-07-11 | 2020-01-16 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Luftfahrzeug-Antriebssystem |
DE102018211459B4 (de) | 2018-07-11 | 2021-10-21 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Luftfahrzeug-Antriebssystem |
US11588431B2 (en) | 2018-07-11 | 2023-02-21 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Aircraft drive system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2936680A1 (en) | 2015-07-23 |
EP3068657B1 (de) | 2019-08-21 |
US20160347180A1 (en) | 2016-12-01 |
CN105916721A (zh) | 2016-08-31 |
EP3068657A1 (de) | 2016-09-21 |
CN105916721B (zh) | 2017-12-01 |
BR112016016226A2 (pt) | 2017-08-08 |
EP2896532A1 (de) | 2015-07-22 |
US9592737B2 (en) | 2017-03-14 |
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