Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
  • E21B17/20—Flexible or articulated drilling pipes, e.g. flexible or articulated rods, pipes or cables
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
  • E21B19/22—Handling reeled pipe or rod units, e.g. flexible drilling pipes

Definitions

• the invention relates to drilling, and more particularly to a drill rod for drilling, to a drilling machine and a method for drilling.
• Drilling can be performed with a method combining percussions and rotation (percussive drilling), or drilling may be based on mere rotation without a percussive function (rotary drilling). Further, percussive drilling may be classified according to whether the percussion device is outside the drill hole or in the drill hole during the drilling. When the percussion device is outside the drill hole, the drilling is usually called top hammer drilling, wherein so-called top hammers are used, and when the percussion device is in the drill hole, the drilling is typically called down-the-hole drilling (DTH) and the drilling machine may be called a DTH drill or down-the-hole drill, for example.
• DTH down-the-hole drilling
• Both these drill types may comprise one or more drill rods, which may also be called drilling tubes, to guide a drill bit to the hole and to supply at least the rotation provided by a rotation unit to the drill bit.
• drill rods which may also be called drilling tubes
• the height of the tunnel typically limits the length of the drill rods. This causes problems es- pecially when the hole to be drilled is deeper than the height of the tunnel, which is often the case especially in these low profile and extra low profile mines.
• the object of the invention is to provide a new and improved drill rod, drilling machine and method for drilling a hole.
• the object of the invention is achieved by an apparatus, arrangement and method that are characterised by what is defined in the independent claims. Some preferred embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims.
• the invention is based on the idea of providing through the drill rod surface at least one corrugated cut extending around the drill rod in a spiral- like manner from the direction of a first drill rod end towards a second drill rod end, that is an opposite end to the first drill rod end.
• sufficient flexibility can be provided in a drill rod made of steel or other rigid material to enable bending the drill rod in a direction transverse to the direction of the longitudinal axis of the drill rod.
• a continuous drill rod in other words a drill rod formed substantially as a single piece, can be provided that enables both substantially continuous drilling without manual work phases by an operator joining or coupling extension rod and drilling of holes considerably deeper than the height of the tunnel and in practice of any depth up to the drill rod length or even beyond by connecting several such drill rods to one another.
• forming the drill rod of a single, unitary piece, the height of a tunnel or other drilling space may always be fully utilised to achieve an optimal sequence of uninterrupted drilling. It is also very well suited for percussive drilling, as the structure enables effective transmitting of sufficient feed force in the form of torque and thrust.
• such a flexible drill rod provides many possibilities for storing the drill rod, for instance in straight, bent or coiled formation, and, thus, it is easier to deliver the drill rod to the place of drilling and to store in the drilling machine and maintain while not in use.
• Figure 1 shows a drilling unit
• Figures 2a and 2b illustrate a part of a drill rod according to current solution
• Figure 3 illustrates a shape of a corrugated cut
• Figure 4 shows a rock drilling rig
• Figure 5a and 5b illustrate a drill rod arranged in a guiding tube
• Figure 6 illustrates a method for drilling a hole using a drill rod
• Figure 7 illustrates another embodiment of a method for drilling a hole using a drill rod
• Figure 8 shows further a rock drilling rig.
• FIG. 1 shows a drilling unit 4 comprising drilling equipment 9 provided with a percussion device 13.
• a rotation unit 7 may be supported to a carriage 8, or alternatively the rotation unit may comprise sliding parts or the like support members with which it is movably supported to the feed beam 5.
• the rotation unit 7 may be provided with drilling equipment 9 which may comprise one drill rod (or drilling tube) 10, or several drill rods / drilling tubes 10 connected to each other, and a drill bit 11 at the outermost end of the drilling equipment.
• the percussion device 13 is provided at an opposite end of the drilling equipment 9 and, thus, the drill rod 10 in relation to the rotation unit 7. During the drilling, the down-the-hole drill 13 is in the drill hole and the drill bit
• 1 1 may be connected directly to the down-the-hole drill 13.
• the drilling equipment 9 can be pulled by means of the feed device 6 out of the drill hole 12 in return direction C.
• Figures 1 is shown as an example of a drilling unit, wherein drill rods are used for drilling a hole, and the current solution is by no means limited to that particular embodiment. Instead, the drill rod described in this description, as well as a drilling machine comprising such a drill rod and a method for drilling holes using such a drill rod, are applicable to substantially all types of drilling wherein conventional drill rods have been used.
• the current solution is es- pecially well suited for drilling in circumstances, where space is somehow limited, like in tunnels for limited height, such as in low profile mines comprising a height in the range of 1 .6 to 2.2 m, for example, or in extra low profile mines comprising a height of 0.6 to 1 .1 m, for example, or in drilling rigs of limited size and so on.
• Some embodiments in this description are explained in con- nection with a tunnel due to these special benefits related to tunnels, such as underground tunnels, but it is clear for a skilled person that these embodiments are suitable for other drilling circumstances as well, such as drilling in open mines. Similarly, at least some of the embodiments may be suitable for other types of drilling in addition to rock drilling.
• a drill rod 10 according to the current solution is thus suitable for use in different types of drilling rigs. It is especially suitable for drilling, where the drill rod 10 is rotated, in other word the drill rod 10 is rotatably connectable to a drilling rig 1 .
• Figures 2a and 2b illustrate a part of one example of such a drill rod 10.
• Figure 2a shows a detail of the drill rod 10 from a side and Figure 2b in a direction of the cut A-A shown in Figure 2a.
• the drill rod 10 comprises a tube 19 and at least one corrugated cut 20 extending through the wall of the tube 19 in a transverse direction G, in other words in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis D of the drill tube 19 extending at each point substantially radially through the tube wall from the outside of the tube to the inside of the tube.
• a transverse direction G in other words in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis D of the drill tube 19 extending at each point substantially radially through the tube wall from the outside of the tube to the inside of the tube.
• this transverse direction G two examples of this transverse direction G are shown, but, naturally, the transverse direction varies at different points of the tube 19 wall and surface.
• Each corrugated cut 20 has a substantially spiral baseline 21 extending in a circulating manner around the tube 19 in the lengthwise direction E of the tube 19 from the direction of a first end 22 of the drill rod to a direction of a second end 23 of the drill rod.
• the lengthwise direction is, thus, a direction of the longitudinal axis D of the drill rod or a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis D of the drill rod.
• the actual ends 22 and 23 are not shown in Figure 2a, as it only shows a section of the drill rod 10 and the tube 19 the drill rod comprises.
• the baseline 21 is explained in more detail in connection with Figure 3, but the baseline 21 is not a physical part of the cut, but provides a spiral-like path on both sides of which the corrugated cut 20 extend in a corrugated manner. This, too, is explained in more detail in connection with Figure 3.
• the drill rod 10 may comprise one such corrugated cut 20 extending in the lengthwise direction E substantially from a vicinity of a first end 22 of the drill rod to a vicinity of a second end 23 of the drill rod 10, which second end 23 is an opposite end to the first end 22.
• the drill rod 10 may comprise two or more of such corrugated cuts 20. These corrugated cuts 20 may be arranged subsequently, in other words one after another, in the lengthwise direction E of the drill rod 10 and/or they may be arranged at least partly parallel to one another.
• Embodiments where the corrugated cut(s) 20 extend substantially continuously along substantially the whole length of the drill rod 10 and, thus, the tube 19 provide the additional benefit that the drill rod may be formed to be very flexible such that it can be easily arranged, for instance, in a coiled formation during storage and/or use for the part that is not currently used for drilling.
• an uncut portion 24 of a drill rod 10 may be left between two corrugated cuts 20 arranged subsequently.
• an uncut portion 24 may be, in addition or instead of an uncut portion 24 between two subsequent corrugated cuts 20, provided at one or both ends 22, 23 of the drill rod 10.
• the tube 19 comprises steel material.
• the steel material comprises stainless steel.
• the tube 19 is formed as a single, unitary piece.
• the drill rod 10 may also be formed as a substantially single, unitary piece. This makes the structure of the tube 19 and the drill rod 10 simple to manufacture, store and transport and no connection elements, such as connector objects or threads, are needed. The absence of connection elements also means that such means are not lost, worn down are damaged during transportation, storing and use. Naturally, such connections also do not need to be tightened.
• the tube length is at least 2.5 meters, and more preferably at least 3 meters long.
• the length of the tube 19 and, thus, the drill rod 10 is measured in the lengthwise direction E of the drill rod 10.
• a drill rod 10 may be achieved that may be used to drill holes 12 deeper that the height of the tunnel or other drilling environment also in low profile and extra low profile mines, as the bendable drill rod may be used in environments lower that the length of the drill rod 10, the drill rod 10 may be stored in a very compact manner and the tube 19 of the drill rod 10 is rigid enough to transmit torque, at least in a substantially rotational direction H of the drill rod 10, and thrust, at least in a substantially lengthwise E direction of the drill rod 10, needed for drilling.
• a tube 19 While in use and under the torque and thrust, such a tube 19 is also rigid enough in a transverse direction G of the drill rod 10 to transmit the torque and thrust.
• rotational direction H of the drill a direction directed around the longitudinal axis D of the drill rod, or in other words around a lengthwise direction E of the drill rod, is meant.
• the bending and rigidness properties are more evenly distributed over the length of the drill rod 10 that in solutions where several shorter, stiff drill rods are joined or coupled together to provide the length needed for drilling the hole.
• Figure 3 illustrates an example of a shape of such a corrugated cut
• Each corrugated cut 20 may, thus, be arranged to deviate from its baseline 21 on both sides of the baseline 21 forming a cut of a substantially corrugated shape.
• the baseline 21 is not a physical part of the corrugated cut 20, but a virtual line on both sides of which the corrugated cut extends at each portion of the drill rod 10.
• the corrugated cut 20 may comprise curved portions of one or several radiuses.
• the corrugated cut 20 may also comprise straight portions connecting the curved portions. In different embodiments, the straight portions may be substantially parallel to the direction of the baseline 21 , substantially perpendicular to the direction of the baseline 21 and/or arranged at an angle with respect to the baseline 21 . This corrugated cut 20 may then spiral along the tube 19.
• the corrugated cut 20 may circulate around the drill rod 10, more particularly around the longitudinal axis D of the drill rod 10 and, thus, the tube 19, and extending through the wall of the tube 19 in a spiral-like manner and extending from the direction of a first end 22 of the drill rod to- wards a second end 23 of the drill rod that is opposite to the first end 22 of the drill rod in the lengthwise direction E of the drill rod.
• the drill rod 10 may be made at the same time flexible, such that bending of the drill rod 10 is enabled in a transverse direction of the drill rod 10, and rigid, such that transmitting torque and thrust needed for drilling is enabled.
• the bending radius of the tube 19 is preferable less than 1 m, and more preferably under 0,5 m. This enables bending the drill rod 10 also at low drilling spaces and achieving an optimal amount of uninterrupted drilling at any circumstances using as much of the available drilling height as possible. It also enables storing the drill rod 10 in a compact space when it or part of it is not in use, in a bent or coiled formation, for example.
• the shape of the corrugated cut 20 is of a teardrop-like shape.
• teardrop-like shape a shape is meant, wherein the end 25 of each corrugation, in other words the widest part of a continuous teardrop-like shape defined by the corrugated cut 20, is wider in the direction of the baseline 21 than width of the base 26 formed by the shortest distance between two adjacent corrugations.
• the base 26 is also the narrowest part of the continuous teardrop-like shape defined by the corrugated cut on the opposite side of the baseline 21 compared to the side of the baseline where the end 25 of the corrugation, that is the widest part, is formed.
• a first distance 27 between two adja- cent corrugations in the direction of the baseline 21 and measured from the corresponding point of each corrugation is in the range of 1 to 10 mm.
• the width of the end 25 of each corrugation and/or the base 26 of each corrugation is in the range of 1 to 10 mm.
• a second distance between the base line 21 and the wid- est part of the teardrop-like shape, in other words the end 25 of the corrugation, in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the baseline 21 is in the range of 1 to 10 mm. This helps to achieve a drill rod 10 flexible enough to enable bending it in a transverse direction G of the drill rod and at the same time rigid enough to enable transmitting torque and thrust needed for drilling while using the drill rod.
• a third distance 29 between two adjacent turns, in other words the pitch between the turns, of the baseline 21 in the lengthwise direction E of the tube is smaller than or substantially equal to 50 mm.
• the third distance 29 should preferably be substantially equal to or great- er than the sum of the height of the corrugation, in other words the greatest distance between the points of one corrugation in the direction perpendicular to the baseline 21 , and the thickness of the tube 19 wall. This helps to achieve a drill rod 10 that is flexible enough to enable bending it in a transverse direction of the drill rod and at the same time rigid enough to enable transmitting torque and thrust needed for drilling.
• the corrugated cut may be formed by laser cutting and/or high pressure water jet cutting.
• Figure 4 shows a rock drilling rig 1 that may comprise a movable carrier 2 provided with a drilling boom 3.
• This particular type of a rock drilling rig 1 is especially suitable for tunnels and other drilling spaces of limited height, such as low profile mines.
• the rock drilling rig of Figure 8 may comprise similar parts and features, but due to the different structure it may be especially well suited for extra low profile mines.
• the boom 3 is provided with a rock drilling unit 4 comprising a feed beam 5, a feed device 6 and a rotation unit 7.
• the rotation unit 7 may be supported to a carriage 8, or alternatively the rotation unit may comprise sliding parts or the like support members with which it is movably supported to the feed beam 5.
• the rotation unit 7 may be provided with drilling equipment 9 which may comprise one or more drill rods (or drilling tubes) 10 connected to each other, and a drill bit 1 1 at the outermost end of the drilling equipment.
• the rotation unit 7 may be arranged to slide on the feed device 6 by a feed cylinder 32.
• the rotation unit 7 may comprise a rotation chuck 33 that may grip tightly to the drill rod 10 when the rotating unit 7 starts rotating and the feed device 6 starts pushing the drill rod into the hole 12, such that the torque and the thrust are transmitted to the drill rod 10 and further to the drill bit 11 .
• the rock drilling rig 1 and/or a drilling unit may further comprise a rod retainer 34 that keeps the drill rod 10 in place when the rotation chuck 33 is returned to the original position and a new drilling sequence is started.
• a drilling rig 1 may comprise several drilling units 4 comprising at least one feed device 6, rotation unit 7 comprising a rotation chuck 33 and/or a down-the-hole drill (DTG drill).
• the drilling rig 1 may also comprise one or several guiding tubes 30, that may comprise a straight portion, a bent portion and/or a coiled portion or any combination thereof.
• a drilling machine 1 such as a drilling unit of Figure 1 or a drilling rig of Figure 4 or Figure 8, may comprise a drill rod 10 described in connection with the drill rod embodiments and corresponding figures or formed as a combination thereof.
• a drilling machine 1 may further comprise a hose 31 for air or water provided inside the drill rod 10 and a fixed guiding tube 30 for holding and guiding the part of the drill rod and the hose that is not currently used for drilling.
• the guiding tube 30 being fixed, it is meant that the guiding tube 30 is rigid enough to force the flexible drill rod 10 to bend in transverse direction of the drill rod.
• the drill rod 10 and the hose 31 are preferably arranged to rotate together, as wear down of the hose 31 can be greatly reduced in this manner.
• the fixed guiding tube 30 may be arranged to bend the drill rod 10 at least at one point of the drill rod 10.
• Figure 5a illustrates a detail of a bent guiding tube 30 and a tube 19 of a drill rod 10 arranged within the guiding tube 30 seen from a side.
• Figure 5b illustrates a cross-section of a hose 31 arranged inside a tube 19 of the drill rod 10 and a guiding tube 30.
• the fixed guiding tube 31 may be arranged to hold a part of the drill rod 10 that is not currently at use in a coiled formation.
• a drill rod described in connection with the drill rod embodiments and/or Figures 3 and 4 and/or a drilling machine comprising such a drill rod may be used in a method for drilling a hole.
• the method may comprise driving the drill rod by a rota- tion chuck on a linear zone.
• the method may comprise rolling up the drill rod in a guiding tube 30 upstream from the rotation chuck 33.
• the guiding tube 30 may comprise a bent portion, inside which a part of the drill rod 10 that is not currently in use, may be stored in a bent position.
• the guiding tube 30 may comprise at least a portion of a coiled shape and, thus, at least a portion of the part of the drilling rod 10 not currently in use for drilling the hole 12 may be arranged within the guiding tube 30, thus coiling the drill rod 10 as well. This coiling of the drill rod 10 is enabled by at least one corrugated cut 20 provided on the drill rod 10 as explained in connection with the different embodiments related to the drill rod 10.
• the method may comprise translating the drill rod 10 and the rotation chuck up and down by a feed cylinder to rotate the drill rod 10 and to feed it into the hole 12.
• a length of the drill rod substantially up to a height of the tunnel may be used at a time without interruptions to drill a hole or, in other words, a portion of the hole 12 that equals substantially in depth to the length of the drill rod 10 used at a time and to the height of the tunnel.
• Figure 6 illustrates one example of a method for drilling a hole using a drill rod described in connection with the drill rod embodiments and/or corresponding figures and/or a drilling machine comprising such a drill rod.
• a method for drilling holes in drilling spaces of limited height comprises using 601 at least one drill rod comprising a length that is larger than the height available in the drilling space, bending 602 said at least one drill rod in a transverse direc- tion, and drilling 603 a hole using the drill rod in a substantially upward or downward direction.
• Figure 7 illustrates one embodiment of a method for drilling a hole using a drill rod described in connection with the drill rod embodiments and/or corresponding figures and/or a drilling machine comprising such a drill rod.
• the method may comprise, in addition to or instead of the steps described in Figure 6, drilling 701 in a step-wise manner a maximum length allowed by a tunnel height or other predefined limit at a time; using 702 a rod retainer 34 to keep the drill rod in place while rotation unit is returned to a feed start position; releasing 703 the rod retainer once the rotation chuck jaws are clamped again at the feed start position to start feeding the drill rod and to continue drilling; and repeating 704 the step-wise drilling until a planned depth of the hole has been reached.
• the solution described in this description is particularly beneficial, when the depth of the hole to be drilled excesses the height available for mining.
• the solution may be used in other kind of circumstances as well at it may still provide benefits related to storing and transportation, for example.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Earth Drilling (AREA)
• Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
• Drilling And Boring (AREA)
• Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

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• 2014
  • 2014-01-17 EP EP14000169.4A patent/EP2896780A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2014-11-20 BR BR112016016537-3A patent/BR112016016537B1/pt active IP Right Grant
  • 2014-11-20 WO PCT/EP2014/075154 patent/WO2015106859A1/en active Application Filing
• 2015
  • 2015-01-16 MX MX2016009209A patent/MX368192B/es active IP Right Grant
  • 2015-01-16 WO PCT/EP2015/050754 patent/WO2015107145A1/en active Application Filing
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  • 2015-01-16 BR BR112016016534-9A patent/BR112016016534B1/pt active IP Right Grant
• 2016
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