WO2015103884A1 - 集成式高压交流断路器及其保护电路工作方法 - Google Patents

集成式高压交流断路器及其保护电路工作方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015103884A1
WO2015103884A1 PCT/CN2014/085349 CN2014085349W WO2015103884A1 WO 2015103884 A1 WO2015103884 A1 WO 2015103884A1 CN 2014085349 W CN2014085349 W CN 2014085349W WO 2015103884 A1 WO2015103884 A1 WO 2015103884A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit
closing
opening
circuit breaker
microprocessor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/085349
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
施博一
孟领刚
顾明锋
宋玉锋
单金明
姚卫东
顾曹新
沈卫峰
王春华
王新明
丁菊
朱永书
陈夏媛
夏文
夏武
Original Assignee
江苏现代电力科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 江苏现代电力科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 江苏现代电力科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2015103884A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015103884A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10Operating or release mechanisms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit breaker used in a power grid, in particular to a highly intelligent and integrated intelligent circuit breaker, belonging to the technical field of electric power.
  • Vacuum circuit breakers are the most important control devices in power systems, and their operating conditions have a major impact on the reliability of power systems.
  • the intelligent vacuum circuit breaker does not need to be equipped with external current transformers and integrated protection controllers, which simplifies the structure of the complete equipment and realizes intelligent control.
  • Existing intelligent circuit breakers exist mainly 'One time' operating mechanism and 'secondary' The imperfect automation and the unreasonable combination of the two lead to the incomplete function of the medium voltage intelligent integrated circuit breaker, especially the poor moving characteristics of the switching moving contact and the poor running reliability when the switch is closed or closed.
  • the vacuum circuit breaker When a short-circuit fault occurs on the load side, the vacuum circuit breaker must be reliably and timely disconnected. Otherwise, it is easy to cause the power grid accident to expand and cause economic loss to expand. Therefore, the safety of the circuit breaker core control device is particularly important. Moreover, the intelligent vacuum circuit breaker protection function widely used at present relies entirely on the intelligent controller. When the intelligent controller fails, the intelligent vacuum circuit breaker will lose all the protection functions, so that the safety of the power system cannot be effectively guaranteed.
  • the technical object of the present invention is to provide a safe and reliable integrated high-voltage AC circuit breaker and a protection circuit working method thereof.
  • the technical solution provided by the present invention includes the following contents:
  • An integrated high-voltage AC circuit breaker includes a circuit breaker body, wherein the circuit breaker body is provided with a vacuum switch tube serially connected to each phase circuit and an operation component for controlling the vacuum switch tube opening and closing, the operation component includes The opening circuit, the closing circuit and the driving mechanism for driving the moving contact of the vacuum switch tube are characterized in that: the circuit breaker body comprises a body controller provided with a microprocessor, and the body controller is externally provided An electromagnetic shielding device; the operating component is connected to the body controller, and is distributed according to a microprocessor circuit of the body controller / Closing command signal controls the vacuum switch tube to divide / In the operation of closing, the movable contact terminal of the vacuum switch tube is provided with a current transformer, and the current transformer is connected with the body controller to monitor the current value of the load of the circuit system.
  • the electromagnetic shielding device may be a metal shielding shell formed by stacking a magnetic field preventing metal plate and an electric field preventing metal plate, and the body controller is installed in the metal shielding case to shield external electromagnetic interference.
  • the opening and closing power supply is provided in the body; the opening circuit comprises a trip control outlet circuit and a trip coil connected in series on the switching power supply, and the opening control outlet circuit is provided with a control opening circuit
  • the switching device comprises a closing control outlet circuit and a closing coil connected in series on the switching power supply, and the closing control outlet circuit is provided with a switching device for controlling the opening and closing of the closing circuit.
  • the switching device of the opening control outlet circuit and the closing control outlet circuit can be used to turn off power electronic components, such as IGBTs and MOSFETs.
  • the short and fast switching time, fast speed, and precise control of the closing time is the basis for the realization of the important functions of fault phase selection and phase reclosing.
  • the opening control outlet circuit and the closing control outlet circuit are connected to the signal output end of the body controller, and receive the points sent by the microprocessor circuit / The closing signal is executed to perform switching of the switching device.
  • a current detecting circuit is arranged between the opening and closing circuit of the opening and closing circuit and the switching power supply, and the current detecting circuit is connected with the microprocessor circuit for monitoring the opening or closing process The current value of the brake coil or closing coil.
  • the microprocessor circuit measures and diagnoses the current of the split and closing coils, and automatically controls the current of the closing and closing coils according to the set value.
  • a switch contact reflecting the working state of the circuit breaker is connected to the opening and closing circuit, and the opening and closing circuit of the opening and closing circuit is connected to the opening and closing circuit, and the closing circuit is connected to the closing circuit.
  • Break detection circuit The signal output end of the opening and closing detection circuit of the opening and closing of the closing coil is connected to the microprocessor circuit, and the two are connected to the microprocessor circuit, such as the on/off state of the opening and closing coils, such as The alarm is immediately uploaded when the line is broken.
  • the switch contacts on the opening and closing circuits are interlocked with each other, so that there is no accident in which both actions occur at the same time.
  • the branching and closing power source is provided with a storage capacitor having a rated voltage of not less than 300V and a rated capacity of not less than 200 ⁇ F. Not less than The 200 ⁇ F capacitor tank circuit reduces the capacity and stability of the split/close control input power supply / The voltage of the output of the control power supply is closed, so that the time of the branching and closing control is accurate, and the quality of the fault phase selection opening and phase selection reclosing is improved.
  • the body controller is provided with a switching control driving circuit, and the control signals of the microprocessor circuit are output to the opening circuit or the closing circuit through the switching control driving circuit.
  • the opening and closing control driving circuit is connected with the opening control outlet circuit and the closing control outlet circuit, and the transmitting signal drives the opening and closing of the opening control circuit and the closing control outlet circuit switching device to make the opening coil and the closing coil Power on or off.
  • a backup protection circuit for controlling the opening is further disposed in the body controller, and the backup protection circuit is connected to the switching control driving circuit.
  • a test terminal is further disposed in the body controller.
  • a test electrical signal is input to the body controller through the test terminal, and the test circuit breaker can normally perform the opening and closing operation, and the detecting device in the circuit breaker can Whether it works normally and whether the detected value is accurate.
  • the body controller is further provided with a backup protection circuit
  • the following scheme can be adopted to perform signal output management between the microprocessor-based protection circuit and the backup protection circuit and management of the working power.
  • the main body controller introduces two or more working power supplies, and each working power source is respectively connected to an input end of the first OR gate property circuit, and the first OR gate property circuit simultaneously goes to the backup protection circuit and the microprocessor And the basic protection circuit formed by the corresponding peripheral circuit outputs an electrical signal.
  • the current transformer is simultaneously connected to the basic protection circuit and the backup protection circuit, and simultaneously sends an electrical signal to the basic protection circuit and the backup protection circuit, and the basic protection circuit and the backup protection circuit pass the second OR gate property circuit and the The opening circuit connection of the operating component.
  • the backup protection circuit can adopt a non-intelligent device such as an adjustable resistor to adjust the protection starting current value, which is stable and reliable.
  • a non-intelligent device such as an adjustable resistor to adjust the protection starting current value, which is stable and reliable.
  • the backup protection circuit is to the second OR gate property circuit. Send the trip signal.
  • Each of the working power sources is provided with a processing circuit between the external power source and the first OR gate property circuit to unify the electrical signals input to the first or gate property circuit.
  • the driving mechanism includes a driving rod connected to the movable contact and a damping mechanism for buffering the driving rod.
  • the driving rod is provided with a stroke sensor, and the stroke sensor is connected with the microprocessor circuit;
  • the damping mechanism comprises a blocking damper and a closing damper for avoiding the vacuum switch tube touch during the opening and closing process The situation in which the head bounces.
  • the driving rod comprises upper and lower parts, the lower driving rod is fixed under an insulator, the closing damper is embedded in the insulator; the closing damper is provided with a cylinder body, and the cylinder body is provided with a piston rod And a piston, and is equipped with a damping liquid, the piston is provided with a damping hole vertically penetrating, and a spring structure is arranged between the piston and the bottom surface of the cylinder body, the piston rod of the closing damper is integrated with the upper driving rod, and the vacuum switch tube is touched The head is fixed to the top of the upper drive rod.
  • the opening damper is provided with a cylinder having a large inner diameter and a small cylinder.
  • the cylinder body is provided with a piston rod and a piston, and is provided with a damping liquid.
  • the piston is provided with a damping hole penetrating up and down, between the piston and the bottom surface of the cylinder body.
  • a return spring is provided, and during the opening movement, the lower driving rod acts on the piston rod of the opening damper through the transmission mechanism.
  • the opening damper can be corresponding to the vacuum switch tube, one for each phase circuit, or one for the three-phase circuit, and the structure of the lower driving rod of the insulator is designed according to specific choices.
  • the spring structure of the closing damper is designed to include the upper and lower parts, and the elastic coefficient of the upper spring (stiffness coefficient) ) less than the elastic modulus of the lower spring 80%.
  • the circuit breaker of the present invention further includes a front end having a control display device coupled to the body controller via a wired or wireless communication channel. And electrically isolated devices are respectively disposed at two ends of the communication channel, so that the communication channel is electrically isolated from the body controller and the preprocessor microprocessor circuit.
  • the front end is provided with a front panel and a rear panel, and a microprocessor circuit is disposed inside the front end.
  • the front panel is provided with a liquid crystal touch screen respectively connected to the front-end microprocessor circuit, one or more function pressure plates, a switch-closing operation button, a remote and local operation switch, one or more indicator lights, a temperature and humidity sensor, and the like. ;
  • a temperature and humidity sensor connected to the microprocessor circuit is also embedded in the rear panel.
  • the front and rear temperature and humidity sensors can be separately used to monitor the temperature and humidity parameters of the environment inside and outside the switch cabinet, simplifying the equipment.
  • the front panel of the front end is further provided with a human body sensing sensor.
  • the human body sensing sensor is connected with the microprocessor circuit of the front end device, and the human body sensing sensor senses the proximity of the human body, and the micro processing circuit controls the liquid crystal touch screen display.
  • the microprocessor circuit controls the LCD touch screen to be turned off.
  • the preamplifier has a built-in wireless communication module and an external antenna connected to the wireless communication module, such as GPRS for long-distance communication. Communication module and RF radio communication module for short-range communication, etc.
  • the antenna is disposed on a rear panel or a side panel of the front end.
  • An integrated high-voltage AC circuit breaker protection circuit working method wherein the circuit breaker is provided with a basic protection circuit and at least one backup protection circuit, the basic protection circuit comprises a microprocessor and corresponding peripheral circuit, the circuit breaker
  • the body introduces two or more working power supplies to supply the above protection circuits, and is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
  • the opening circuit After the opening circuit receives the opening signal, it performs the opening action;
  • the protection circuit that transmits the opening signal may also transmit the transmission opening signal event to the micro This event is recorded in the processor.
  • the integrated high-voltage AC circuit breaker of the invention has high operation safety, reduces the electromagnetic interference introduced by the space and the connecting line through the use of the shielding device; greatly improves the reliability of the device through the setting of the multiple protection circuit; and sets the device through the front end device
  • the control device is divided into the body control and the external control to improve the safety of the human-machine connection, and can effectively protect the movement characteristics of the switch contact of the circuit breaker, and has the advantages of high intelligence, high integration degree, reliable operation and convenient maintenance, especially Suitable for intelligent AC metal-enclosed switchgear and control equipment.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a protection circuit for a body controller
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the operating component opening and closing circuit
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a trip damper
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a closing damper
  • An integrated high-voltage AC circuit breaker as shown in FIG. 1 includes a circuit breaker body 1 and a front-end device 2, and the circuit breaker body 1 There are three vacuum switch tubes 4 connected in series in the A, B and C three-phase circuits. Taking one of the vacuum switch tubes as an example, the static contact lead end 21 of the vacuum switch tube and the movable contact lead end 20 It is connected in series on the circuit loop, and the current contact terminal is provided with a current transformer 7 .
  • the vacuum interrupter 4 is connected to an operating component 11 that controls the opening and closing, the operating component 11
  • the utility model comprises a breaking circuit, a closing circuit and a driving mechanism for driving the moving contact of the vacuum switch tube.
  • the body 1 is provided with a body controller 3 mounted in a metal casing 69, and the body controller 3 is provided with a microprocessor circuit 23 .
  • the metal casing 69 can be formed by laminating a metal sheet having a shielding effect on the electric field and a shielding effect on the magnetic field.
  • the operation component 11 is connected to the body controller 3 according to the microprocessor circuit 23
  • the split/close command signal is sent to control the vacuum switch tube to perform the split/close action.
  • the main body controller can set multi-channel working power supply and set a backup protection circuit to prevent the circuit breaker from working normally due to a certain working power failure or microprocessor circuit failure.
  • the body controller 3 In addition to the basic protection circuit 46 consisting of a microprocessor and a microprocessor peripheral circuit (in a broad sense, that is, a circuit connected to the microprocessor or with a logic control of the microprocessor), a non-smart component is also provided. Backup protection circuit 47. When the microprocessor fails, the backup protection circuit 47 cuts off the fault.
  • the main body controller 3 is externally connected with a 220V power supply 42 and a ⁇ 100V power supply introduced from an external voltage transformer.
  • the two working power supplies are respectively connected to the input end of the first OR gate property circuit 45 via the step-down rectifier circuit 43 and the step-down rectifier circuit 44, and the first OR gate property circuit 45 is connected.
  • electrical signals are output to the basic protection circuit 46 and the backup protection circuit 47.
  • the current transformer 7 is connected to the basic protection circuit 46 and the backup protection circuit 47 to provide basic protection
  • Circuit 46 and backup protection circuit 47 output electrical signals.
  • the basic protection circuit 46 and the backup protection circuit 47 A trip signal is sent to the trip circuit of the operating component by a second OR gate property circuit 48.
  • the backup protection circuit 47 can adjust the protection starting current value by using the adjustable resistor 16.
  • the opening circuit receives the opening signal sent by the second OR gate property circuit, and performs a tripping action
  • the body 1 is provided with a switching power supply 54.
  • the opening circuit of the operating component 11 includes a trip control exit circuit 49 and a trip coil 13 connected in series to the split/close power source 54.
  • the closing circuit includes a series connection to the switching power supply 54
  • the upper closing control outlet circuit 51 and the closing coil 12 are provided.
  • the opening control outlet circuit 49 and the closing control outlet circuit 51 are all fully controlled switching devices, such as IGBTs. Etc., to control the turn-on or turn-off of the open circuit or the closed circuit.
  • the switching power supply 54 is a storage electrolytic capacitor having a rated voltage of not less than 300V and a rated capacity of not less than 200 ⁇ F.
  • the switch circuit and the closing circuit are connected with switch contacts reflecting the working state of the circuit breaker.
  • the opening and closing states of the opening and closing switch contacts and the closing switch contacts are mutually blocked.
  • a switch coil on/off detecting circuit 50 is connected to the opening circuit, and a closing coil on/off detecting circuit 52 is connected to the closing circuit.
  • the switching coil on/off detecting circuit 50, the signal output end of the closing coil on/off detecting circuit 52, and the microprocessor circuit 23 Connection, real-time monitoring of the working state of the opening coil and closing coil.
  • the current detecting circuit 53 is connected in series, and the current detecting circuit 53 is connected to the microprocessor circuit 23 to output the monitored current signal in real time, and the microprocessor analyzes, judges, and implements the adjustment control.
  • the main body controller 3 is provided with a switching control drive circuit (not shown), and the microprocessor circuit 23
  • the output end is connected to the input of the opening and closing control driving circuit, and the output end of the opening and closing control driving circuit is respectively connected with the opening control outlet circuit 49 and the closing control outlet circuit 51, and the microprocessor circuit 23
  • the opening and closing control command is issued via the opening and closing control drive circuit, and is executed by the switching device of the opening/closing control outlet circuit.
  • the opening signal of the microprocessor circuit and the backup protection circuit is sent to the opening circuit through the OR gate property circuit in the switching control drive circuit.
  • a test terminal 15 is disposed in the body controller 3, and the test terminal 15 can be passed when the circuit breaker is not connected to the circuit.
  • a three-phase electrical test signal is input to the body controller 3 to test whether the circuit breaker can normally perform the opening and closing operation, whether the detecting device in the circuit breaker can work normally, and whether the detected value is accurate.
  • the driving mechanism of the present invention comprises a driving rod connected to the moving contact and a damping mechanism for buffering the driving rod, and the driving rod is provided with a stroke sensor 10
  • the stroke sensor 10 is connected to the microprocessor circuit 23.
  • the damping mechanism includes a trip damper 14 and a closing damper 9 .
  • the closing damper 9 is provided with a cylinder 60 and a base 67, and a piston rod 61 is arranged in the cylinder 60.
  • the piston 62 is equipped with a damping liquid 65 (such as damping oil, etc.), and the piston 62 is provided with a damping hole 66 penetrating up and down, the piston 62
  • a spring structure is provided between the bottom surface of the cylinder block.
  • the spring structure includes upper and lower portions, and the upper spring 63 has a modulus of elasticity that is less than 80% of the spring constant of the lower spring 64.
  • the upper spring 63 A common loop return spring is used, and the lower spring 64 can be a disc spring that can store a preload.
  • the opening damper 14 is provided with a cylinder 55 which is an inverted frustum type cylinder having a large inner diameter and a small diameter, 55 A piston rod 56 and a piston 57 are arranged therein, and a damping fluid is arranged.
  • the piston 57 is provided with a damping hole 59 which is vertically penetrated, and a return spring 58 is also arranged between the piston 57 and the bottom surface of the cylinder.
  • the drive rod 22 is divided into upper and lower sections, and the lower drive rod is fixed to the insulator 8
  • the closing damper 9 is fitted in the upper middle portion of the insulator 8, and the moving contact is fixedly mounted on the top end of the upper driving rod.
  • the upper drive rod is inserted into the piston 62 from the top opening of the closing damper cylinder Connection (the upper drive rod is integral with the piston rod 61).
  • the piston rod 56 of the opening damper is connected to the lower driving rod of the insulator 8, or is integrated.
  • the moving contact 6 and the stationary contact 5 Disconnected.
  • the lower driving rod drives the circuit breaker transmission mechanism to act on the piston rod 56 of the opening damper 14, the opening damper piston rod 56 and the piston 57 move downward, and the damping liquid in the lower middle part of the cylinder passes through the damping hole.
  • 59 Flow into the cylinder 55
  • the upper part of the upper part has a large damping, which causes a large damping, so that the kinetic energy of the opening and closing operation mechanism generated during the opening is lost, so that the moving contact bottoming is smooth and avoids bouncing.
  • the body controller 3 Metal shielded cables can be used to connect external circuits or devices such as stroke sensors, current transformers, trip circuits, and closing circuits to further reduce electromagnetic interference.
  • the front end 2 The control display device is provided.
  • the body can be connected to a circuit of high voltage and high current, and the front end device is installed at a place convenient for human-machine connection, and the front-end device 2 is wired or wireless.
  • Serial communication channel 68 Connected to the body controller 3.
  • the serial communication channel 68 is respectively provided with an electrical isolation device 24 and an electrical isolation device 25 at both ends, so that the serial communication channel 68 and the microprocessor circuit of the body controller are provided. Both the 23 and the microprocessor circuit 26 of the preamplifier are electrically isolated.
  • the front end 2 is provided with a front panel 27 and a rear panel 28, and the front panel 27 is provided with a microprocessor circuit 26, respectively.
  • Large-area color LCD touch screen connected 29, more than one function pressure plate 31, open and close operation button 34, remote and local operation changeover switch 35, live display indicator light and circuit breaker opening and closing indicator 30, a first temperature and humidity sensor 36 and an infrared human body sensing sensor 32, and a second temperature and humidity sensor is embedded in the rear panel 28
  • the circuit breaker of the present invention when the circuit breaker of the present invention is applied to a switchgear cabinet, when the front end device is generally installed on the door panel of the switch cabinet, the front and rear temperature and humidity sensors can be respectively used to monitor the temperature and humidity environment inside and outside the switch cabinet, and perform detection and alarm. To ensure the safe operation of the equipment, there is no need to add two sets of temperature and humidity transmitters outside the cabinet and the cabinet to save costs and reduce the complexity of the complete equipment.
  • the infrared human body sensing sensor 32 is connected to the microprocessor circuit 26 of the front end, and the infrared human body sensing sensor 32 After sensing the proximity of the human body, the microprocessor circuit 26 controls the liquid crystal touch screen 29 display, and after the human body leaves, the microprocessor circuit 26 controls the liquid crystal touch screen. The delay is off.
  • the liquid crystal panel is a fragile device, and the actual time required for the worker to observe is very short. This human body sensing display method is adopted to effectively improve the service life of the front end device.
  • the front end 2 has a built-in GPRS communication module 41 and an RF radio communication module 39, the GPRS The communication module 41 and the RF communication module 39 are respectively connected to the microprocessor circuit 26, the GPRS antenna 40 and the RF communication antenna 38 They are all placed on the rear panel or side panel of the front end. GPRS communication module 41 and GPRS antenna 40 for wireless information exchange with remote devices, RF RF communication modules 39 and RF The RF communication antenna 38 is used for information exchange with close-range devices, such as communication with wireless devices in the switchgear.
  • Embodiments of the invention are applicable to high voltage power systems, but are not limited to high voltage power systems.
  • the high voltage referred to herein refers to the voltage in the industry. High voltage of 1000V or above.

Abstract

一种集成式高压交流断路器及其保护电路工作方法。该集成式高压交流断路器包括断路器本体(1),该断路器本体(1)内设有串接在各相回路上的真空开关管(4)以及控制真空开关管(4)分合闸的操作组件(11),该操作组件(11)包括分闸电路、合闸电路和驱动该真空开关管(4)动触头运动的驱动机构,该断路器本体内还设有本体控制器(3),该本体控制器(3)设有微处理器电路(23),本体控制器(3)外部设有电磁屏蔽装置。该操作组件(11)与本体控制器(3)连接,根据微处理器电路(23)发出的分/合闸信号指令控制真空开关管进行分/合闸操作。该断路器智能化、集成化程度高,运行可靠、维护方便,适用于智能金属封闭交流开关设备和控制设备。

Description

集成式高压交流断路器及其保护电路工作方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电网中使用的断路器,具体为一种高度智能化和集成化的智能断路器,属于电力技术领域。
背景技术
真空断路器是电力系统中最重要的控制器件,它的运行状态对电力系统的可靠性具有重大的影响。智能真空断路器在应用时,不需要再配备外部的电流互感器和综合保护控制器,简化了成套设备结构,实现了智能控制。现有的智能化断路器,主要存在 ' 一次 ' 操作机构和 ' 二次 ' 自动化不完善以及二者结合不合理的问题,导致中压智能集成断路器功能不全,特别是存在分、合闸时开关动触头运动特性差及运行可靠性差的情况。
在负载侧发生短路故障时,真空断路器必须及时可靠分断,否则很容易引起电网事故扩大并造成经济损失扩大化,所以断路器核心控制器件的安全性尤为重要。且目前广泛使用的智能真空断路器保护功能完全依靠智能控制器,在智能控制器故障时,智能真空断路器将失去全部保护功能,使电力系统的安全性得不到有效保障。
发明内容
本发明的技术目的是提供一种安全、可靠性高的集成式高压交流断路器及其保护电路工作方法,本发明提供的技术方案包括以下内容:
一种集成式高压交流断路器,包括断路器本体,所述断路器本体内设有串接在各相回路上的真空开关管以及控制真空开关管分合闸的操作组件,所述操作组件包括分闸电路、合闸电路和驱动所述真空开关管动触头运动的驱动机构,其特征在于:所述断路器本体包括设有微处理器的本体控制器,所述本体控制器外部设有电磁屏蔽装置;所述操作组件与所述本体控制器连接,根据本体控制器的微处理器电路发出的分 / 合闸指令信号控制真空开关管进行分 / 合闸的操作,所述真空开关管的动触头引出端设有电流互感器,所述电流互感器与本体控制器连接,以监测电路系统负载的电流值。
所述电磁屏蔽装置可采用防磁场金属板和防电场金属板叠置构成的金属屏蔽壳体,所述本体控制器安装在所述金属屏蔽壳体内,屏蔽外部电磁干扰。
进一步的技术方案包括:
所述本体内设有分合闸电源;所述分闸电路包括串接在分合闸电源上的分闸控制出口电路、分闸线圈,所述分闸控制出口电路设有控制分闸回路通断的开关器件;所述合闸电路包括串接在分合闸电源上的合闸控制出口电路、合闸线圈,所述合闸控制出口电路设有控制合闸回路通断的开关器件。
所述分闸控制出口电路、合闸控制出口电路的开关器件采用可关断电力电子元件,如 IGBT 、 MOSFET 等,使分、合闸时间短、速度快,并能精准控制分合闸时间点,是实现故障选相分闸和选相重合闸重要功能的基础。
所述分闸控制出口电路、合闸控制出口电路与所述本体控制器的信号输出端连接,接收微处理器电路发送的分 / 合闸信号,执行开关器件的通断。
所述分闸回路和合闸回路汇合点与分合闸电源之间串有电流检测电路,所述电流检测电路与所述微处理器电路连接,用于监测分闸或合闸过程中,通过分闸线圈或合闸线圈的电流值。微处理器电路以此对分、合闸线圈电流进行测量诊断,并对分合闸线圈电流按设定值进行自动控制。
所述分闸回路、合闸回路上均接有反映断路器工作状态的开关接点,所述分闸回路上接有分闸线圈通断检测电路,所述合闸回路上接有合闸线圈通断检测电路。所述分闸线圈通断检测电路、合闸线圈通断检测电路的信号输出端与所述微处理器电路连接,二者将分、合闸线圈的通断状态发至微处理器电路,如断线则立即上传报警。所述分闸回路、合闸回路上的开关接点相互闭锁,不致出现二者同时动作产生事故的情况。
所述分合闸电源中设有额定电压不小于 300V 、额定容量不小于 200 μ F 的储能电容器。不少于 200 μ F 的电容器储能电路可以减少分 / 合闸控制输入电源的容量和稳定分 / 合闸控制电源输出的电压,使分、合闸控制的时间点准确,提高故障选相分闸和选相重合闸的质量。
进一步的,所述本体控制器内设有分合闸控制驱动电路,所述微处理器电路的控制信号均通过所述分合闸控制驱动电路向所述分闸电路或合闸电路输出,所述分合闸控制驱动电路与分闸控制出口电路和合闸控制出口电路连接,发送信号驱动分闸控制出口电路和合闸控制出口电路开关器件的关断或导通,使分闸线圈、合闸线圈通电或断电。
所述本体控制器内还设有控制分闸的后备保护电路,所述后备保护电路与所述分合闸控制驱动电路连接。
所述本体控制器内还设有测试接线端子,在测试阶段,通过测试接线端子向所述本体控制器输入测试电信号,测试断路器是否能够正常进行分合闸动作、断路器内检测器件能否正常工作以及检测值是否精确。
当本体控制器还设有后备保护电路时,可采用以下方案进行以微处理器为核心的保护电路和后备保护电路之间信号输出管理及其工作电源的管理。
所述本体控制器引入两路以上的工作电源,各路工作电源分别与第一或门性质电路的输入端连接,所述第一或门性质电路同时向所述后备保护电路和由微处理器及相应外围电路构成的基本保护电路输出电信号。
所述电流互感器同时与所述基本保护电路和后备保护电路连接,向基本保护电路和后备保护电路同时发送电信号,所述基本保护电路和后备保护电路通过第二或门性质电路与所述操作组件的分闸电路连接。
所述后备保护电路可采用可调电阻等非智能器件调整保护启动电流值,稳定、可靠,当电流互感器输出电信号超出所述保护启动电流值时,后备保护电路向第二或门性质电路发送分闸信号。
所述各路工作电源在外接电源与第一或门性质电路之间设有处理电路,使输入第一或门性质电路的电信号统一。
所述驱动机构包括与动触头连接的驱动杆和缓冲所述驱动杆动作的阻尼机构,所
述驱动杆上设有行程传感器,所述行程传感器与所述微处理器电路连接;所述阻尼机构包括分闸阻尼器和合闸阻尼器,用于避免分、合闸过程中,真空开关管触头发生弹跳的情况。
所述驱动杆包括上下两部分,下部驱动杆固定在一绝缘体下,所述合闸阻尼器嵌装在所述绝缘体中;所述合闸阻尼器设有缸体,缸体内设有活塞杆和活塞,并装有阻尼液体,活塞上设有上下贯通的阻尼孔,活塞与缸体底面之间设有弹簧结构,合闸阻尼器的活塞杆与上部驱动杆为一体,真空开关管动触头固定在上部驱动杆的顶端。
所述分闸阻尼器设有内径上大下小的缸体,缸体内设有活塞杆、活塞,并装有阻尼液体,活塞上设有上下贯通的阻尼孔,活塞和缸体底面之间设有复位弹簧,分闸运动过程中,所述下部驱动杆通过传动机构作用于分闸阻尼器的活塞杆。而所述分闸阻尼器可对应真空开关管,在每一相电路上各设置一个,或是三相电路共用一个分闸阻尼器,绝缘体下部驱动杆的结构根据具体选择设计。
为保障动触头在合闸时不产生弹跳,并且能与静触头以一定压力紧密接触,所述合闸阻尼器的弹簧结构设计为包括上下两部分,上部弹簧的弹性系数(劲度系数)小于下部弹簧弹性系数的 80% 。
为保障断路器工作时,人机联系的安全性。本发明断路器还包括具有控制显示装置的前置器,所述前置器通过有线或无线的通信通道与所述本体控制器连接。且所述通信通道两端分别设有电气隔离器件,使通信通道与本体控制器和前置器微处理器电路均在电气上隔离。
所述前置器设有前面板和后面板,前置器内部设有微处理器电路。
所述前面板上设有分别与前置器微处理器电路连接的液晶触摸屏、一个以上的功能压板、分合闸操作按钮、远方与本地操作转换开关、一个以上的指示灯、温湿度传感器等;
所述后面板上也嵌装有与微处理器电路连接的温湿度传感器。当所述前置器安装在开关柜门板上时,前后两温湿度传感器可分别用于监测开关柜内外环境的温湿度参数,简化设备。
所述前置器的前面板上还设有人体感应传感器,所述人体感应传感器与前置器的微处理器电路连接,人体感应传感器感应到人体靠近后,微处理电路控制液晶触摸屏显示,
人体离开后,微处理器电路控制液晶触摸屏延时关闭。
所述前置器内置有无线通信模块和与无线通信模块连接的外置天线,如用于远距离通信的 GPRS 通信模块和用于近距离通信的 RF 射频通信模块等。所述天线设置在前置器的后面板或侧板上。
一种集成式高压交流断路器保护电路工作方法,所述断路器内设有基本保护电路和至少一路后备保护电路,所述基本保护电路包括微处理器以及相应外围电路,断路器本
体引入两路以上的工作电源向上述各保护电路供电,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1 )通过处理电路将各路工作电源调整至统一的输出电压后向第一或门性质电路输入电信号,所述第一或门性质电路的输出端与各保护电路连接;
2 )各保护电路的信号输出端分别与第二或门性质电路连接;
3 )采集断路器负载侧的电流信号,将采集信号同时向各保护电路输出,当采集信号超出任意一路保护电路的保护启动电流值,该保护电路通过第二或门性质电路向分闸电路发送分闸信号;
4 )分闸电路接收到分闸信号后,进行分闸动作;
在基本保护电路未失效的情况下,如后备保护电路的保护启动电流值小于所述基本保护电路的预设值,发送分闸信号的保护电路也可将发送分闸信号事件传输至所述微处理器中记载该事件。
本发明有益效果:
本发明集成式高压交流断路器运行安全性高,通过屏蔽装置的使用,降低由空间和连接线引入的电磁干扰;通过多重保护电路的设置,大大提高设备的可靠度;通过前置器的设置,将控制设备分设为本体控制和外部控制,提高人机联系的安全性,能够有效保障断路器开关触头的运动特性,具有智能化、集成化程度高、运行可靠、维护方便的优点,尤其适用于智能交流金属封闭开关设备和控制设备。
附图说明
图 1 是本发明的整体结构示意图;
图 2 是本体控制器保护电路一实施方式的结构示意图;
图 3 是操作组件分合闸电路的结构示意图;
图 4 是分闸阻尼器一实施例的结构示意图;
图 5 是合闸阻尼器一实施例的结构示意图;
上图中:
1- 本体, 2- 前置器, 3- 本体控制器, 4- 真空开关管, 5- 静触头, 6- 动触头, 7- 电流互感器, 8- 绝缘体, 9- 合闸阻尼器, 10- 行程传感器, 11- 操作组件, 12- 合闸线圈, 13- 分闸线圈, 14- 分闸阻尼器, 15- 测试接线端子, 16- 可调电阻, 18- 开关接点, 19-100V 引入电源, 20 、动触头引出端, 21- 静触头引出端, 22- 驱动杆, 23- 微处理器电路, 24- 电气隔离器件, 25- 电气隔离器件, 26- 微处理器电路, 27- 前面板, 28- 后面板, 29- 彩色液晶触摸显示屏, 30- 指示灯, 31- 功能压板, 32- 红外人体感应传感器, 34- 分合闸操作按钮, 35- 远方与本地操作转换开关, 36- 第一温湿度传感器, 37- 第二温湿度传感器, 38-RF 射频通信天线, 39-RF 射频通信模块, 40-GPRS 天线, 41-GPRS 通信模块, 42-220V 引入电源, 43- 降压整流电路, 44- 降压整流电路, 45- 第一或门性质电路, 46- 基本保护电路, 47- 后备保护电路, 48- 第二或门性质电路, 49- 分闸控制出口电路, 50- 分闸线圈通断检测电路, 51- 合闸控制出口电路, 52- 合闸线圈通断检测电路, 53- 电流检测电路, 54- 分合闸电源, 55- 缸体, 56- 活塞杆, 57- 活塞, 58- 复位弹簧, 59- 阻尼孔, 60- 缸体, 61- 活塞杆, 62- 活塞, 63- 上部弹簧, 64- 下部弹簧, 65- 阻尼液体, 66- 阻尼孔, 67- 基座, 68- 串行通信通道, 69- 金属外壳, 70- 分闸回路、合闸回路汇合点。
具体实施方式
为阐明本发明的技术方案及技术效果,下面结合具体实施例及附图对本发明做进一步的介绍。
如图 1 所示的一种集成式高压交流断路器,包括断路器本体 1 和前置器 2 ,所述断路器本体 1 内设有三个真空开关管 4 ,分别串接在 A 、 B 、 C 三相电路中。以其中一个真空开关管为例,真空开关管的静触头引出端 21 和动触头引出端 20 串接在电路回路上,所述动触头引出端设有电流互感器 7 。所述真空开关管 4 与控制分合闸的操作组件 11 连接,所述操作组件 11 包括分闸电路、合闸电路和驱动所述真空开关管动触头运动的驱动机构。
本体 1 中设有安装在金属壳体 69 内的本体控制器 3 ,本体控制器 3 设有微处理器电路 23 。所述金属壳体 69 可结合对电场具有屏蔽作用和对磁场具有屏蔽作用的金属板材叠置制成。所述操作组件 11 与所述本体控制器 3 连接,根据微处理器电路 23 发出的分 / 合闸指令信号控制真空开关管进行分 / 合闸的动作。
为提高本体控制器运行的安全、可靠性,本体控制器可设置多路工作电源,并设置后备保护电路,防止因某路工作电源故障或微处理器电路失效,造成断路器不能正常工作。
如图 1 、图 2 所示,以一具体实施方式为例,所述本体控制器 3 内除了由微处理器和微处理器外围电路(广义上,即与微处理器连接或与微处理器存在逻辑控制的电路)构成的基本保护电路 46 外,还设有由非智能元件构成的后备保护电路 47 ,当微处理器失效后,就由后备保护电路 47 来切断故障。
所述本体控制器 3 外接 220V 引入电源 42 和从外部电压互感器引入的~ 100V 引入电源 19 ,两路工作电源分别经过降压整流电路 43 和降压整流电路 44 调整电压后,再与第一或门性质电路 45 的输入端连接,所述第一或门性质电路 45 同时向基本保护电路 46 和后备保护电路 47 输出电信号。
所述电流互感器 7 与所述基本保护电路 46 和后备保护电路 47 连接,向基本保护
电路 46 和后备保护电路 47 输出电信号。所述基本保护电路 46 、后备保护电路 47 通过第二或门性质电路 48 向所述操作组件的分闸电路发送分闸信号。所述后备保护电路 47 可采用可调电阻 16 调整保护启动电流值。
上述保护电路的工作过程如下:
1 )将 220V 引入电源 42 和 100V 引入电源 19 均调整为 12V 的稳定电压信号,通过第一或门性质电路 45 向各保护电路同时输出电源;
2 )将各保护电路的信号输出端分别与第二或门性质电路 48 连接;
3 )利用电流互感器 7 采集电路系统负载侧的电流信号,将采集信号同时向各保护电路输出,当采集信号超出任意一路保护电路的保护启动电流值,且该保护电路未失效的情况下,该保护电路向第二或门性质电路发送分闸信号;
4 )分闸电路接收到第二或门性质电路发送的分闸信号,进行分闸动作;
5 )在基本保护电路 46 未失效的情况下,如后备保护电路 47 的保护启动电流值小于基本保护电路 46 的预设值时,那么后备保护电路 47 就会率先发送分闸信号,之后,后备保护电路 47 将发送分闸信号事件传输至微处理器中记载该事件。
关于所述操作组件 11 ,如图 3 所示的实施方式中,所述本体 1 内设有分合闸电源 54 ,所述操作组件 11 的分闸电路包括串接在分合闸电源 54 上的分闸控制出口电路 49 、分闸线圈 13 。所述合闸电路包括串接在分合闸电源 54 上的合闸控制出口电路 51 、合闸线圈 12 。所述分闸控制出口电路 49 和合闸控制出口电路 51 均采用全控型开关器件,如 IGBT 等,来控制分闸回路或合闸回路的导通或关断。所述分合闸电源 54 优选采用额定电压不小于 300V 、额定容量不小于 200 μ F 的储能电解电容器。
同时,所述分闸回路、合闸回路上均接有反映断路器工作状态的开关接点 18 ,分闸开关接点和合闸开关接点的开闭状态相互闭锁。所述分闸回路上接有分闸线圈通断检测电路 50 ,所述合闸回路上接有合闸线圈通断检测电路 52 ,所述分闸线圈通断检测电路 50 、合闸线圈通断检测电路 52 的信号输出端与所述微处理器电路 23 连接,实时监测分闸线圈和合闸线圈的工作状态。同时,为了监测和控制分闸线圈、合闸线圈上的电流值,可在分闸回路和合闸回路的汇合点 70 与分合闸电源 54 之间串接电流检测电路 53 ,电流检测电路 53 与微处理器电路 23 连接,实时输出其监测的电流信号,由微处理器进行分析、判断和实施调整控制。
所述本体控制器 3 内设有分合闸控制驱动电路(未图示),所述微处理器电路 23 的输出端与所述分合闸控制驱动电路输入端连接,所述分合闸控制驱动电路的输出端分别与分闸控制出口电路 49 和合闸控制出口电路 51 连接,微处理器电路 23 的分合闸控制命令经由分合闸控制驱动电路发出,由分闸 / 合闸控制出口电路的开关器件执行。
当本体控制器 3 中设置后备保护电路时,微处理器电路和后备保护电路的分闸信号通过所述分合闸控制驱动电路中的或门性质电路向分闸电路发出。
所述本体控制器 3 内设有测试接线端子 15 ,在断路器未接入电路中时,可通过测试接线端子 15 向所述本体控制器 3 输入三相电测试信号,测试断路器是否能够正常进行分合闸的动作、断路器内检测器件能否正常工作以及检测值是否精确等。
本发明驱动机构包括与动触头连接的驱动杆和缓冲所述驱动杆动作的阻尼机构,所述驱动杆上设有行程传感器 10 ,所述行程传感器 10 与所述微处理器电路 23 连接。所述阻尼机构包括分闸阻尼器 14 和合闸阻尼器 9 。
以图 4 、图 5 为例,合闸阻尼器 9 设有缸体 60 及底座 67 ,缸体 60 内设有活塞杆 61 和活塞 62 ,并装有阻尼液体 65( 如阻尼油等 ) ,活塞 62 上设有上下贯通的阻尼孔 66 ,活塞 62 与缸体底面之间设有弹簧结构。所述弹簧结构包括上下两部分,上部弹簧 63 的弹性系数小于下部弹簧 64 弹性系数的 80% 。或者,上部弹簧 63 采用普通的罗圈复位弹簧,下部弹簧 64 可采用可存储预压力的碟形弹簧。
所述分闸阻尼器 14 设有缸体 55 ,所述缸体 55 为内径上大下小的倒锥台型缸体, 55 内设有活塞杆 56 和活塞 57 ,并装有阻尼液体,活塞 57 上设有上下贯通的阻尼孔 59 ,活塞 57 和缸体底面之间亦设有复位弹簧 58 。
将上述阻尼器应用在如图 1 所示的本体控制器中,驱动杆 22 分为上下两段,下部驱动杆固定在绝缘体 8 下,所述合闸阻尼器 9 嵌装在所述绝缘体 8 的中上部,所述动触头固定安装在上部驱动杆的顶端。上部驱动杆从合闸阻尼器缸体顶部开口插入与活塞 62 连接(上部驱动杆与活塞杆 61 为一体)。而分闸阻尼器的活塞杆 56 与绝缘体 8 下部驱动杆连接,或制为一体。
分闸过程中,在驱动杆的带动下,动触头 6 与静触头 5 断开。所述下部驱动杆带动断路器传动机构作用于分闸阻尼器 14 的活塞杆 56 ,分闸阻尼器活塞杆 56 与活塞 57 下移,缸体中下部的阻尼液体通过阻尼孔 59 流入缸体 55 的上部,由于阻尼孔很小,产生很大的阻尼,使分闸时产生的分闸操作机构的动能得以损耗,从而使动触头触底时平稳,避免产生弹跳。而在合闸过程中及在动触头 6 与静触头 5 接触时,下部驱动杆向上推动绝缘体 8 ,合闸阻尼器缸体上移,合闸阻尼器活塞杆 61 下压,在活塞 62 下部没有触到弹簧之前,阻尼力由阻尼液体通过阻尼孔 66 从缸体 60 下部流向上部产生,当触到弹簧之后,阻尼力由阻尼液体通过阻尼孔 66 从缸体 60 下部流向缸体中上部产生以及由弹簧形变所产生,从而使合闸操作机构的动能消耗,使动触头平稳到达合闸的最终位置,合闸过程无弹跳,同时,使动触头与静触头之间保持足够的压力。
本发明中,本体控制器 3 可采用金属屏蔽电缆与行程传感器、电流互感器、分闸电路、合闸电路等外部电路或器件连接,以进一步减少电磁干扰。
所述前置器 2 设有控制显示装置,本发明断路器应用时,本体可接于高电压、大电流的回路中,将前置器安装在便于人机联系的地方,所述前置器 2 通过有线或无线的串行通信通道 68 与所述本体控制器 3 连接。所述串行通信通道 68 两端分别设有电气隔离器件 24 和电气隔离器件 25 ,使串行通信通道 68 与本体控制器的微处理器电路 23 和前置器的微处理器电路 26 均在电气上隔离。
所述前置器 2 设有前面板 27 和后面板 28 ,所述前面板 27 上设有分别与微处理器电路 26 连接的大面积彩色液晶触摸屏 29 、一个以上的功能压板 31 、分合闸操作按钮 34 、远方与本地操作转换开关 35 、带电显示指示灯与断路器分合闸指示灯 30 、第一温湿度传感器 36 以及红外人体感应传感器 32 ,所述后面板 28 上嵌装有第二温湿度传感器 37 ,当本发明断路器应用于开关柜时,所述前置器一般安装在开关柜的门板上时,前后两个温湿度传感器可分别用于监控开关柜内外的温湿度环境,进行检测报警,保证设备安全运行,不需要另加柜外、柜内二套温湿度变送器,节省成本,降低了成套设备的复杂度。
所述红外人体感应传感器 32 与前置器的微处理器电路 26 连接,红外人体感应传感器 32 感应到人体靠近后,微处理电路 26 控制液晶触摸屏 29 显示,人体离开后,微处理器电路 26 控制液晶触摸屏 29 延时关闭。液晶屏是易损器件,实际需要工作人员观察的时间很短,采用这种人体感应显示的方式,有效提高前置器的使用寿命。
所述前置器 2 内置有 GPRS 通信模块 41 和 RF 射频通信模块 39 ,所述 GPRS 通信模块 41 、 RF 射频通信模块 39 分别与微处理器电路 26 连接, GPRS 天线 40 和 RF 射频通信天线 38 均设置于前置器的后面板或侧板上。 GPRS 通信模块 41 和 GPRS 天线 40 用于与远方设备进行无线信息交换, RF 射频通信模块 39 和 RF 射频通信天线 38 用于与近距离设备的信息交换,如与开关柜内无线设备的通信。
本发明具体实施方式适用于高压电力系统,但不限用于高压电力系统。本文中所述高压是指在工业上电压为 1000V 或以上的高压电。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书、说明书及其等效物界定。

Claims (1)

1. 一种集成式高压交流断路器,包括断路器本体( 1 ),所述断路器本体( 1 )内设有串接在各相回路上的真空开关管( 4 )以及控制真空开关管分合闸的操作组件( 11 ),所述操作组件( 11 )包括分闸电路、合闸电路和驱动所述真空开关管动触头运动的驱动机构,其特征在于:
所述本体( 1 )内设有本体控制器( 3 ),所述本体控制器( 3 )设有微处理器电路( 23 ),本体控制器( 3 )外部设有电磁屏蔽装置;所述操作组件( 11 )与所述本体控制器( 3 )连接,根据微处理器电路( 23 )发出的分 / 合闸信号指令控制真空开关管进行分 / 合闸的操作,所述真空开关管( 4 )的动触头引出端设有电流互感器( 7 ),所述电流互感器( 7 )与所述本体控制器 (3) 连接。
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述集成式高压交流断路器,其特征在于:所述电磁屏蔽装置为防磁场金属板和防电场金属板叠置构成的金属屏蔽壳体,所述本体控制器安装在所述金属屏蔽壳体内,屏蔽外部电磁干扰。
3. 根据权利要求 1 所述集成式高压交流断路器,其特征在于:所述本体( 1 )内设有分合闸电源( 54 );所述分闸电路包括串接在分合闸电源( 54 )上的分闸控制出口电路( 49 )、分闸线圈 (13) ,所述分闸控制出口电路( 49 )设有控制分闸回路通断的开关器件;所述合闸电路包括串接在分合闸电源( 54 )上的合闸控制出口电路( 51 )、合闸线圈( 12 ),所述合闸控制出口电路( 51 )设有控制合闸回路通断的开关器件;所述分闸控制出口电路( 49 )、合闸控制出口电路( 51 )与所述本体控制器( 3 )的信号输出端连接,所述分闸控制出口电路( 49 )、合闸控制出口电路( 51 )的开关器件为可关断电力电子元件,根据微处理器电路( 23 )发送的分 / 合闸信号执行导通或关断。
4. 根据权利要求 3 所述的集成式高压交流断路器,其特征在于:所述分闸回路和合闸回路汇合点( 70 )与分合闸电源( 54 )之间串有电流检测电路( 53 ),所述电流检测电路( 53 )与所述微处理器电路( 23 )连接,用于监测分闸或合闸过程中,通过分闸线圈或合闸线圈的电流值。
5. 根据权利要求 4 所述的集成式高压交流断路器,其特征在于:所述分闸回路、合闸回路上均接有反映断路器工作状态的开关接点( 18 ),所述分闸回路上接有分闸线圈通断检测电路( 50 ),所述合闸回路上接有合闸线圈通断检测电路( 52 ),所述分闸线圈通断检测电路( 50 )、合闸线圈通断检测电路( 52 )的信号输出端与所述微处理器电路( 23 )连接。
6. 根据权利要求 5 所述的集成式高压交流断路器,其特征在于:所述分闸回路、合闸回路上的开关接点( 18 )相互闭锁。
7. 根据权利要求 3-6 中任一权项所述的集成式高压交流断路器,其特征在于:
所述分合闸电源( 54 )中设有额定电压不小于 300V 、额定容量不小于 200 μ F 的储能电容器。
8. 根据权利要求 3-6 中任一权项所述的集成式高压交流断路器,其特征在于:所述本体控制器( 3 )内设有分合闸控制驱动电路,所述分合闸控制驱动电路与分闸控制出口电路( 49 )和合闸控制出口电路( 51 )分别连接,所述微处理器电路( 23 )的控制信号通过所述分合闸控制驱动电路向所述分闸电路或合闸电路输出。
9. 根据权利要求 8 所述的集成式高压交流断路器,其特征在于:所述本体控制器( 3 )内设有控制分闸的后备保护电路,所述后备保护电路与所述分合闸控制驱动电路连接,发送分闸信号。
10. 根据权利要求 1 所述的集成式高压交流断路器,其特征在于:所述本体控制器( 3 )内设有测试接线端子( 15 ),在测试阶段,通过测试接线端子( 15 )向所述本体控制器( 3 )输入测试电信号,测试断路器是否能够正常进行分合闸动作、断路器内检测器件能否正常工作以及检测值是否精确。
11. 根据权利要求 1 所述的集成式高压交流断路器,其特征在于:所述本体控制器( 3 )中设有控制真空开关管( 4 )分闸的后备保护电路( 47 );
所述本体控制器( 3 )引入两路以上的工作电源,各路工作电源通过第一或门性质电路( 45 ),同时向所述后备保护电路( 47 )和由微处理器及相应外围电路构成的基本保护电路( 46 )输出电信号;
所述电流互感器( 7 )同时与所述基本保护电路( 46 )和后备保护电路 (47) 连接,向基本保护电路( 46 )和后备保护电路 (47) 同时发送电信号,所述基本保护电路( 46 )、后备保护电路 (47) 通过第二或门性质电路 (48) 与所述操作组件( 11 )的分闸电路连接。
12. 根据权利要求 11 所述的集成式高压交流断路器,其特征在于:所述后备保护电路( 47 )通过可调电阻 (16) 调整保护启动电流值,当电流互感器( 7 )输
出电信号超出所述保护启动电流值时,后备保护电路( 47 )向第二或门性质电路( 48 )发送分闸信号。
13. 根据权利要求 11 所述的集成式高压交流断路器,其特征在于:所述各路工作电源在外接电源与第一或门性质电路之间设有处理电路。
14. 根据权利要求 1 所述的集成式高压交流断路器,其特征在于:所述驱动机构包括驱动杆( 22 )和缓冲所述驱动杆( 22 )动作的阻尼机构,所述驱动杆上设有行程传感器( 10 ),所述行程传感器( 10 )与所述微处理器电路( 23 )连接;所述阻尼机构包括分闸阻尼器( 14 )和合闸阻尼器( 9 )。
15. 根据权利要求 14 所述的集成式高压交流断路器,其特征在于:所述驱动杆( 22 )包括上下两部分,下部驱动杆固定在绝缘体( 8 )下,所述合闸阻尼器( 9 )嵌装在所述绝缘体( 8 )中;所述合闸阻尼器( 9 )设有缸体( 60 ),缸体( 60 )内设有活塞杆( 61 )和活塞( 62 ),并装有阻尼液体,活塞( 62 )上设有上下贯通的阻尼孔( 66 ),活塞( 62 )与缸体底面之间设有弹簧结构,合闸阻尼器的活塞杆( 61 )与上部驱动杆为一体,真空开关管动触头固定在上部驱动杆的顶端;
所述合闸阻尼器( 9 )的弹簧结构包括上下两部分,上部弹簧的弹性系数小于下部弹簧弹性系数的 80% ;
所述分闸阻尼器( 14 )设有内径上大下小的缸体( 55 ),缸体( 55 )内设有活塞杆( 56 )、活塞( 57 ),并装有阻尼液体,活塞( 57 )上设有上下贯通的阻尼孔( 59 ),活塞( 57 )和缸体底面之间设有复位弹簧( 58 ),分闸运动过程中,所述下部驱动杆通过传动机构作用于分闸阻尼器的活塞杆( 56 )。
16. 根据权利要求 1-6 、 10-15 中任一权项所述的集成式高压交流断路器,其特征在于:设有具有控制显示装置的前置器( 2 ),所述前置器( 2 )通过有线或无线的通信通道与所述本体控制器( 3 )连接,所述通信通道两端分别设有电气隔离器件,使通信通道与本体控制器( 3 )的微处理器电路( 23 )和前置器 (2) 微处理器电路( 26 )在电气上隔离。
17. 根据权利要求 16 所述的集成式高压交流断路器,其特征在于:所述前置器( 2 )设有前面板和后面板,所述前面板上设有分别与前置器微处理器电路( 26 )连接的液晶触摸屏、一个以上的功能压板( 31 )、分合闸操作按钮( 34 )、远方与本地操作转换开关( 35 )、一个以上的指示灯、温湿度传感器;所述后面板上亦嵌装有与前置器微处理器电路(26)连接的温湿度传感器。
18. 根据权利要求17 所述的集成式高压交流断路器,其特征在于:所述前置器的前面板上还设有人体感应传感器,所述人体感应传感器与前置器微处理器电路(26)连接,人体感应传感器感应到人体靠近后,微处理电路(26)控制液晶触摸屏显示,人体离开后,微处理器电路(26)控制液晶触摸屏延时关闭。
19. 根据权利要求16 所述的集成式高压交流断路器,其特征在于:所述前置器设有无线通信模块和与无线通信模块连接的外置天线,所述天线设置在前置器的后面板或侧板上。
20. 一种集成式高压交流断路器保护电路工作方法,所述断路器内设有基本保护电路和至少一路后备保护电路,所述基本保护电路包括微处理器及相应外围电路,断路器本体引入两路以上的工作电源向上述各保护电路供电,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1 )通过处理电路将各路工作电源调整至统一的输出电压后向第一或门性质电路输入电信号,所述第一或门性质电路的输出端与各保护电路连接;
2 )各保护电路的信号输出端分别与第二或门性质电路连接;
3 )采集断路器负载侧的电流信号,将采集信号同时向各保护电路输出,当采集信号超出任意一路保护电路的保护启动电流值时,该保护电路通过第二或门性质电路向分闸电路发送分闸信号;
4 )分闸电路接收到分闸信号后,进行分闸动作。
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