WO2015097011A1

WO2015097011A1 - Method for separating water from a water-containing fluid mixture

Info

Publication number: WO2015097011A1
Application number: PCT/EP2014/077771
Authority: WO
Inventors: Manfred Baldauf; Thomas Hammer; Alexander Tremel; Markus Ziegmann
Original assignee: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date: 2013-12-23
Filing date: 2014-12-15
Publication date: 2015-07-02
Also published as: DE102013227061A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for separating water from a water-containing fluid mixture, in particular a water-containing wastewater mixture from a fracking process, as part of a water treatment process, having the following steps: - evaporating at least one part of the water contained in the fluid mixture in order to separate water from the fluid mixture, thereby forming a first fluid stream (FS1) which contains steam formed by the evaporation of the at least one part of the water contained in the fluid mixture and - condensing the steam contained in the first fluid stream (FS1), thereby forming a condensed fluid stream (FS2) which contains water, wherein - at least one part of the heat quantity required for evaporating the at least one part of the water contained in the fluid mixture is provided by the waste heat of at least one fracking process.

Description

description

Process for separating water from a fluid mixture containing water

The invention relates to a process for the separation of water from a water-containing fluid mixture, in particular a wastewater mixture containing water from a fracking process, as part of a water treatment process.

Fracking processes are known to be used for unconventional resource occurrences, i. H. especially in rock strata bound gas and oil deposits to tap. Typically, for the purpose of releasing the raw materials, suspension-type fluid mixtures, so-called "frac" fluids, such as water-chemical-sand mixtures, mixed with a multiplicity of differently functional chemical substances are injected under high pressure into a borehole with contained therein contained fractions of the released raw materials from the well and the

Raw materials were separated from the fluid mixtures, remains a wastewater mixture, which in addition to water continues to contain a relatively high proportion of, in particular toxic and / or environmentally hazardous chemicals.

In order to separate the water contained in the wastewater mixture from the other constituents of the wastewater mixture, the wastewater mixture must be specially treated. To this end known from the prior art methods include, for. B. ventilation, filtration, ion exchange and sedimentation processes. Since the treatment of fluid mixtures containing water, i. H. Even the treatment of corresponding wastewater mixtures from fracking processes, both complex in terms of plant technology and energy is complex, there is a constant need for development and improvement.

The invention is therefore based on the object, an improved method for the separation of water from a water containing fluid mixture, in particular a water-containing wastewater mixture from a fracking process, as part of a water treatment process to specify. The object is achieved by a method of the type mentioned, which is characterized according to the invention by the following steps:

Evaporating at least part of the water contained in the fluid mixture to separate water from the fluid mixture to form a first fluid stream containing water vapor formed by evaporation of the at least part of the water contained in the fluid mixture and

Condensing the water vapor contained in the first fluid stream to form a second fluid stream containing condensed water,

wherein at least a portion of the amount of heat required to evaporate the at least a portion of the water contained in the fluid mixture is provided by waste heat from at least one fracking process.

The technical teaching of the invention enables a particularly energy-efficient and thus compared to the known from the prior art technical approaches for the water treatment of water-containing fluid mixtures, in particular for the treatment of waste water mixtures from fracking processes, improved implementation of a separation of water from a Water-containing fluid mixture, in particular a wastewater mixture containing water from a fracking process, as part of a water treatment process. The method according to the invention therefore aims at an implementation of a separation of water from a water-containing fluid mixture, ie in particular a separation of water from a wastewater mixture from a fracking process, in the context of a water treatment process, which is improved in terms of energy efficiency. The inventive method can in principle be implemented for the separation of water from different fluid mixtures and thus in different water treatment processes. However, it is preferably provided that water is separated from a water-containing fluid mixture, in particular a wastewater mixture, from a fracking process. It is thus preferable for the method according to the invention to be implemented in a water treatment process for the treatment of wastewater mixtures from a fracking process.

If, in the following, a fluid mixture is mentioned, therefore, a wastewater mixture as described in the introduction from a fracking process is particularly meant. Such a wastewater mixture contains, in addition to water, in particular chemicals, such as. As biocides, precipitants, solvents, foaming agents, acids, and optionally not separated shares of, typically hydrocarbon-containing, raw materials. In the first step of the process according to the invention, at least part of the water contained in the fluid mixture is evaporated to remove the water from the fluid mixture. In the first step of the method according to the invention, therefore, generally at least one measure is carried out which causes evaporation of at least part of the water contained in the fluid mixture and thus a transfer of at least a portion of the water contained in the fluid mixture into a gaseous state. The first step of the process according to the invention thus represents the essential step for the separation of water from the fluid mixture. The separation of water from the fluid mixture according to the invention is done accordingly by evaporation of the water contained in the fluid mixture, d. H. the water is separated by evaporation from the other constituents of the fluid mixture.

The separation of the water from the fluid mixture, which takes place according to the invention by means of evaporation, can therefore be particularly determined characterized in that the water is converted below the boiling point in a gaseous state. Accordingly, the amount of heat or heat energy to be applied for evaporation, ie for transferring the water into a gaseous state, is comparatively low. It is therefore possible to use heat or heat sources with comparatively low temperatures, ie in particular with temperatures below the boiling point of the water to be separated from the fluid mixture, in order to evaporate the water, so that in particular heat or heat sources in the context of the first step of the method according to the invention which otherwise is or can hardly be used, can or can be used. The evaporation of the water contained in the fluid mixture is therefore advantageous in terms of energy efficiency, ie in particular the exergetic efficiency, of the method according to the invention.

The evaporated water is essentially in the form of water vapor or water vapor / gas mixture, also referred to below as water vapor, typically water vapor-air mixture, and is converted into a first fluid stream. In the first step of the method according to the invention, therefore, a first fluid stream containing the vapor of water formed by evaporation of the at least part of the water contained in the fluid mixture is also formed.

In the second step of the process according to the invention, the water vapor contained in the first fluid stream is condensed. In the second step of the method according to the invention, therefore, generally at least one measure is carried out which causes condensation of the water vapor contained in the first fluid flow. In the second step of the process according to the invention, a return transformation or reconversion of the water present in gaseous form into its liquid or condensed state takes place. The condensed water is typically pure, possibly even highly pure. The condensed water is passed into a second fluid stream. In the second step of the process according to the invention, therefore, a second fluid stream containing the condensed water is also formed.

The condensed water guided in the second fluid stream can be guided in the context of the method according to the invention to at least some of the devices or sub-processes requiring water within the water treatment process and can therefore be used within the water treatment process. However, it is also conceivable to guide the condensed water guided in the second fluid flow at least partially to, in particular, high-purity devices or processes requiring water outside the water treatment process and to use them there. The condensed water can in principle be supplied to any technical process requiring the use of pure, especially high purity, water. The heat of condensation resulting from the condensation of the water vapor can be conducted at least in part within the scope of the method according to the invention within the water treatment process to heat-requiring devices or sub-processes and thus be used within the water treatment process. In other words, the amount of heat produced during the condensation of the water vapor can be recovered at least in part, in particular to a substantial extent. As explained further below, this is a particularly energy-efficient mode of operation of the water treatment process implementing the method according to the invention.

Of course, the or part of the heat of condensation formed in the condensation of the water vapor can in principle also be routed to heat-requiring devices or partial processes outside the water treatment process and used there. The condensation heat produced by the condensation of water vapor can also be In fact, any technical processes which require the use of heat are supplied.

In the context of the method according to the invention, at least part of the amount of heat necessary for the evaporation of the at least part of the water contained in the fluid mixture is provided by waste heat from at least one fracking process. The or part of the waste heat produced in at least one fracking process can on the one hand be used directly for the evaporation of the water. On the other hand, the or part of the waste heat produced in at least one fracking process can also be present in another sub-process of the process according to the invention, typically preceding the evaporation process, for example. B. for the purpose of Vortemperierung, in particular preheating, the fluid mixture or the water contained therein, be used to introduce a portion of the required for the evaporation of water heat flow even before the actual evaporation of water in the fluid mixture. The or part of the waste heat produced in at least one fracking process can therefore also be used indirectly to evaporate the water. The amount of heat required for the actual evaporation of the water can be reduced in this way.

The amount of heat provided by waste heat from at least one fracking process can be a relatively smaller amount of heat required to evaporate the water contained in the fluid mixture, generally amount of energy, since, as mentioned above, it is possible to do so within the condensation use the condensation heat generated by the water vapor within the water treatment process to evaporate the water.

The majority, ie for example 70 to 80%, of the heat required for the evaporation of the water can half of the water treatment process, in particular in the context of the condensation of the water vapor contained in the first fluid stream, ie generated by the condensing heat generated in the condensation of the water vapor, and reused. In the context of the method according to the invention, it is thus possible for another part of the quantity of heat necessary for the evaporation of the at least part of the water contained in the fluid mixture to be provided directly or indirectly via the condensation heat resulting from the condensation of the evaporated water.

Since the evaporation of the water, as mentioned, takes place at comparatively low temperatures, d. H. requires comparatively low amounts of heat, low-energy waste heat from fracking processes, d. H. in particular waste heat with temperatures below 100 ° C, which waste heat is usually technically hardly usable in any other way, be used. According to the invention, the evaporation of the water can already take place or be carried out at temperatures between 50 and 95.degree.

In principle, any heat generated in a fracking process can be used as waste heat from a fracking process. In particular, it may be heat from a

Combustion device for burning exhaust gases produced in the fracking process, ie in particular so-called tail gases such. As an open or closed, ie act in a combustion chamber, burning torch. Alternatively or additionally, the waste heat from a fracking process may also be geothermal heat from the fluid mixture. The geothermal heat of the fluid mixture results from the fact that it is heated by the geothermal heat during the fracking process. The principle that can be realized or realized with the method according to the invention allows, in succession, for a plurality of evaporation and condensation processes at different temperature levels, in particular also for one fractionated separation of other ingredients, such as. As chemicals, the fluid mixture and thus use for a complete separation of the fluid mixture. The fluid mixture can therefore be separated into its individual constituents, the constituents can, for. B. be reused in the context of a fracking process.

According to a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, a, in particular closed, first

Fluid circuit between at least one evaporation device, which is adapted to evaporate the water contained in the fluid mixture, and at least one condensation device, which is configured to condense the formed by evaporation of the water contained in the fluid mixture Deten water vapor, formed, the first fluid flow as Part or in a part of the first fluid circuit is switched. It is therefore possible to form a fluid circuit between a corresponding evaporation device and a corresponding condensation device.

Via the first fluid circuit, in particular in the evaporation device resulting water vapor can be fed into the condensation device. The first fluid stream containing the water vapor is thus switched as part of or into a part of the first fluid circuit. In particular, the first fluid stream is thereby switched into the first fluid circuit as a first feed stream, via which the steam to be condensed is fed into the condenser, into the condenser or into the condenser.

By means of the first fluid circuit, exhaust air which is formed, in particular dried, in the condensation device, can likewise be led into the evaporation device. The exhaust air can be used in the evaporation device in particular to favor the evaporation of the water contained in the fluid mixture, respectively, the efficiency of the Evaporation of the water contained in the fluid mixture increase. The first fluid circuit is therefore expediently formed with a second supply flow, via which, in particular, dried exhaust air, which is produced in the condensation of the water vapor to be condensed, is conducted from the condensation device into the evaporation device.

The formation of dried exhaust air in the condensation device takes place in particular in that there the water vapor to be condensed, d. h., As mentioned, typically a water vapor-air mixture, by a in a cooling device such. B. a heat exchanger, in particular in opposite directions, flowing coolant, typically a cooling liquid, is cooled. By cooling on a condensation surface of the condensation device, the water vapor condenses. The heat of condensation released during the condensation is absorbed by the coolant flowing through the cooling device. The coolant flowing through the cooling device can at least partially be the fluid mixture from which water is to be subsequently separated.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the inventive method, a, in particular closed, second or further fluid circuit between one or a condensation device, which is adapted for condensing the water vapor to be condensed, associated cooling device and the evaporation device, which evaporate in the Fluid mixture is arranged to be formed. Thus, a second or further fluid circuit can preferably be formed between a corresponding evaporation device and a corresponding cooling device, which is typically a heat exchanger. Accordingly, in a conditionally heated by the condensation heat coolant of the condensing onseinrichtungsseitigen cooling device contained in the second fluid circuit can conditions are removed from the condensation device, which increases the energy efficiency of the condensation of water vapor and thus the process of the invention as a whole. As mentioned, the coolant flowing through the cooling device can at least partially be the fluid mixture from which water is to be subsequently separated.

It is expedient to connect at least one tempering device, in particular a heat exchanger, for heating the water flowing in the second fluid circuit and / or at least one tempering device, in particular a heat exchanger, for cooling the water flowing in the second fluid circuit in the second fluid circuit. In this way, the energy efficiency of the method according to the invention can be further increased because z. B. by corresponding condensation device downstream side cooling device downstream tempering, in particular heat exchangers, for heating the water flowing in the second fluid circuit water, the evaporation of the water can be promoted. Similarly, by a corresponding evaporation device downstream tempering, especially heat exchangers, for cooling the water flowing in the second fluid circuit increases the cooling capacity of kondensation onseinrichtungsseitigen cooler and therefore the efficiency of condensation of water vapor to be condensed, which equally energy efficiency of the invention Total procedure increased. In a further preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, non-evaporated water can at least partly be used in the or an evaporation device, which is designed to evaporate the water contained in the fluid mixture, in particular in the water treatment process, in particular by recycling into one or a condensation device , which is arranged to condense the water vapor to be condensed, associated cooling device, are reused. This can also gieeffizienz the method of the invention can be increased overall.

The invention further relates to a device for separating water from a water-containing fluid mixture, in particular a wastewater mixture containing water from a fracking process, as part of a water treatment process according to a method as described above. Accordingly, with regard to the device according to the invention, all statements regarding the method according to the invention apply analogously.

The device comprises in particular at least one evaporation device which is set up to evaporate at least part of the water contained in the fluid mixture for separating water from the fluid mixture to form a first fluid flow containing water vapor formed by evaporation of the at least part of the water contained in the fluid mixture, and at least one condensation device, which is set up to condense the water vapor contained in the first fluid flow to form a second fluid flow containing condensed water. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention

Device is a, in particular closed, first

Fluid circuit between at least one evaporation device, which is adapted to evaporate the water contained in the fluid mixture, and at least one condensation device, which is adapted to condense the condensed evaporated water, formed, wherein the first fluid flow as part or in a part of the first fluid circuit connected is. The first fluid circuit may comprise a first feed flow into the condenser, via which the water vapor to be condensed is fed into the condenser, the first fluid flow being part of the first feed stream or in a part of the first feed stream is connected in the first fluid circuit.

The first fluid circuit may further comprise a second supply flow, via which, in the context of the condensation of the water vapor to be condensed, especially dried, exhaust air is conducted from the condensation device into the evaporation device. According to a further embodiment of the device according to the invention, a, in particular closed, second or further fluid circuit between one or a condensation device, which is adapted for condensing the water vapor to be condensed, associated cooling device and the evaporation device, which evaporate the water contained in the fluid mixture is set up, be trained.

At least one tempering device, in particular a heat exchanger, for heating the water flowing in the second fluid circuit and / or at least one tempering device, in particular a heat exchanger, for cooling the water flowing in the second fluid circuit can be connected in the second or further fluid circuit.

The inventive device is typically associated with at least one fracking process such that waste heat and a water-containing wastewater mixture from the

Fracking process can be fed into the device.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the embodiments described below and from the drawing. Showing:

1 - 4 each a schematic representation of an embodiment of a device for separating water from a fluid containing water mix, which device is designed to carry out an embodiment of the method according to the invention. Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a device 1 for the separation of water from a water-containing fluid mixture, which device 1 is designed for carrying out an embodiment of the method according to the invention.

The inventive method relates to the separation of water from a fracking process stemming wastewater, which in addition to water, in particular chemicals such. As biocides, gels, precipitants, solvents, foaming agents, acids, etc., contains. The under the

Fracking process promoted hydrocarbonaceous raw materials, d. H. especially gas or oil, were mostly removed from the wastewater mixture. The method according to the invention is therefore used, in particular, as part of a water treatment process for wastewater mixtures originating from fracking processes and already freed from corresponding raw materials.

The separation of water from a corresponding fluid mixture is carried out by a carried out in a first step of the method according to the invention evaporation of at least a portion of the water contained in the fluid mixture. The evaporation of the water contained in the fluid mixture invents in one of the device 1 associated evaporation device 2 instead. The evaporation device 2 is therefore arranged to evaporate the water contained in the fluid mixture. As will be seen below, the water vapor formed by evaporation of the at least part of the water contained in the fluid mixture, typically contained in a water vapor-air mixture, is conducted out of the evaporation device 2 in a first fluid flow FS1. In a second step following the first step of the method according to the invention, a condensation of the water vapor contained in the first fluid flow FS1 takes place. Thus, in the second step of the process according to the invention, the water present in the form of water vapor and thus gaseous is reconverted or reconverted into its liquid state. For this purpose, the water vapor contained in the first fluid flow FS1 is conducted into a condensation device 3 connected in parallel to the evaporation device 2, in which the condensation of the water vapor and thus the return transfer or reconversion of the water into its liquid state takes place.

As part of the condensation of the water vapor in the condensation device 3 typically dried exhaust air is formed. The formation of the dried exhaust air in the condensation device 3 takes place in particular in that the water vapor to be condensed, which, as mentioned, is typically contained in a water vapor-air mixture, by a in one of the condensation device 3 associated

Cooling device 4, which is in particular designed as a heat exchanger or comprises a heat exchanger, circulating cooling liquid is cooled. By cooling the air at a condensation surface of the condensation device 3 condenses the water vapor, it forms condensed

Water. The condensed water is conducted in a second fluid flow FS2 from the condensation device 3, for example into a tank 12. The liquefied by condensation water is typically pure, in particular highly pure, and can therefore at least partially on the second fluid stream FS2 to pure water, especially high purity, water requiring facilities or processes outside the implemented in the device 1 water treatment process led and used there ,

The heat of condensation formed during the condensation of the water vapor can be at least partly distributed within the device. tion 1, ie within the realized in the device 1 water treatment process can be used. The heat of condensation is preferably used in that it is removed from the condensation device 3 via the cooling liquid flowing through the cooling device 3 associated with the cooling device 3. Due to the constant heat removal from the condensation device 3, the condensation of the water vapor taking place there, ie the formation of condensed water, is energetically favored.

As can be seen, the cooling liquid flowing through the cooling device 4 is already the fluid mixture from which the water is to be separated off or separated off in the context of the method according to the invention. This results from the fact that the fluid mixture originating from the fracking process is first conducted from a tank 5 into the cooling device 4 in a third fluid flow FS3. Obviously, the third fluid flow FS3 further comprises a conveying device 6 in the form of a pump, which serves to convey the fluid mixture from the tank 5 into the cooling device 4.

The fluid mixture is thus used in the context of this embodiment of the method according to the invention first as a coolant in the condenser 3 associated cooling device 4, wherein it preheats by receiving in the condensation device 3 in the condensation process occurring there condensing heat. After flowing through the cooling device 4, the fluid mixture is passed through a fourth fluid flow FS4 in the evaporation device 2. Before the fluid mixture is introduced into the evaporation device 2, it is heated by a tempering device 7 connected in the fourth fluid flow FS4 in the form of a heat exchanger for heating the fluid mixture. The, as described, by absorbing condensation heat from the condensation process already preheated fluid mixture is therefore before introduction into the evaporation Device 2 again heated, which is the efficiency of the taking place in the evaporation device 2 evaporation process beneficial. About the tempering 7 heat, especially waste heat, from the fracking process, from which the fluid mixture comes from, or another fracking process on the

Transfer fluid mixture. The heat may, for example, a combustion device 8 (see Fig. 4), such. B. one open or closed, d. H. in a combustion chamber, burning torch for burning exhaust gases resulting in the fracking process, so-called tail gases are removed. It should also be noted that the fluid mixture originating from the fracking process is typically due to the fluid in the context of

Fracking process taking place geothermal heat may already have a certain temperature level.

In the context of the method according to the invention is therefore a part of the amount of heat required to evaporate the water contained in the fluid mixture by waste heat from a

Fracking process provided. The waste heat produced in a fracking process can thus be efficiently removed for the purpose of separating water from a fluid mixture, i. H. for water treatment as part of a water treatment process.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the heat or heat quantity provided by the fracking process is used indirectly to evaporate the water contained in the fluid mixture, since the heat or heat quantity provided by the fracking process is already present to the fluid mixture before it is introduced into the fluid the evaporation device 2 is supplied. In this way, part of the amount of heat required for the evaporation of the water is introduced into the fluid mixture already before the evaporation taking place in the evaporation device 2, whereby the amount of heat required in the evaporation device 2 for the actual evaporation of the water can be reduced. Another part, in particular the majority, which is necessary for the evaporation of the water contained in the fluid mixture, as described, provided on the resulting from the condensation in the condensation device 3 condensation of water vapor condensation heat. In other words, the part of the quantity of heat required for the evaporation of the water, which is not provided by the fracking process via the waste heat, is obtained in the form of the condensation heat generated in the condensation device 3 from the water treatment process implementing the method according to the invention. As a result, an essential aspect of the particular energy efficiency of the principle according to the invention is realized. Visible, the fluid mixture is introduced in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 on the head side in the evaporation device 2 and in the evaporation device 2 on a large evaporation surface offering, for example, plastic, such. For example, polypropylene, cellulose, etc., evolved evaporator material. It comes to the described evaporation of the water contained in the fluid mixture or the described transfer or conversion of the water contained in the fluid mixture in water vapor. The temperature of the top side introduced into the evaporation device 2 and thus in the evaporation device 2 from top to bottom flowing fluid mixture decreases according to its direction of flow, ie also from top to bottom, from. This results on the one hand from the fact that heat is removed from the fluid mixture as a result of the evaporation process taking place in the evaporation device 2.

Since at least part of the exhaust air produced in the condensation device 3 as part of the condensation of the steam is conducted into the evaporation device 2 at the foot via a fifth fluid flow FS5, heat is likewise taken from the fluid mixture by transfer to the exhaust air flowing counter to it. It is evident in the fifth Fluid flow F5 a conveyor 9 connected in the form of a blower.

The temperature of the exhaust air flowing inside the evaporation device 2 from bottom to top accordingly increases according to its flow direction, ie. H. from bottom to top, at, remains in the stable and stationary operation of the device 1, however, below the temperature of the fluid mixture at the same height of the evaporation device 2. The temperature increase of the exhaust equally conditioned that this can absorb more water vapor accordingly. An overall view of the processes described, which take place in the evaporation device 2, therefore permits that the fluid mixture flowing from top to bottom and the exhaust air flowing from bottom to top can be regarded as countercurrent heat exchangers.

The water vapor formed in the evaporation device 2 is in the form of a water vapor-air mixture contained in the first fluid flow FS1 head out of the Verdunstungseinrich- device 2 and head introduced into the condensation device 6.

A remaining in the evaporation device 2, largely freed of water fluid mixture concentrate is contained in a sixth fluid flow FS6 foot discharged from the evaporation device 2. A portion of the mixed fluid concentrate contained in the sixth fluid stream FS6 can be discharged from the device 1 via a seventh fluid flow FS7. Another part of the fluid mixture concentrate contained in the sixth fluid flow FS6 can be led back into the third fluid flow FS3 via an eighth fluid flow FS8.

In the eighth fluid stream FS8 is on the one hand a tempering device 10 in the form of a heat exchanger for cooling the

Fluid mixture concentrate and a conveyor 11 connected in the form of a pump. The mixed-fluid concentrate guided in the eighth fluid flow FS8 can be fed to a master tank and mixed there with a certain amount of "fresh" fluid mixture from the tank 5. The amount of "fresh" fluid mixture corresponds essentially to the amount of fluid in the Condenser 3 condensed and via the second fluid flow FS2 from this guided amount of water. In order to prevent too high a concentration of the fluid mixture with chemicals, a portion of the fluid mixture concentrate by, for. B. from the second fluid flow FS2, fresh water to be replaced.

It also follows that in the evaporation device 2 not evaporated water can be reused at least in part by recycling in the cooling device 3 associated cooling device 4.

From the described configuration of the device 1 it follows that the device 1 comprises two counter-rotating fluid circuits.

In this case, the first fluid flow FS1, via which the water vapor from the evaporation device 2 is guided into the condensation device 3, and the fifth fluid flow FS5, via which the exhaust air arising or arising during the condensation form the condensation device 3 into the evaporation device 2 is guided, a first fluid flow circuit respectively are connected in such between the evaporation device 2 and the Kondensationseinrich- device 3 formed first fluid circuit.

In this case, the first fluid flow FS1 is connected into the first fluid circuit as a first feed flow, guided into or into the condenser 3, via which the steam to be condensed is fed into the condenser 3. The fifth fluid flow FS5 is as a one or in the evaporation device 2 guided second feed stream through which in the context of the condensation of Exhaust air resulting from condensing water vapor is passed from the condensation device 3 in the evaporation device 2, connected. The fourth fluid flow FS4, via which the fluid mixture to be evaporated from the cooling device 3 associated cooling device 4 is passed into the evaporation device 2, and the sixth fluid flow FS6, via which the fluid mixture concentrate from the evaporation device 2 is led, the eighth fluid flow FS8, via which the fluid mixture concentrate is guided into the third fluid flow FS3, as well as parts of the third fluid flow FS3, via which the, optionally slightly concentrated, fluid mixture is fed back into the cooling device 4 associated with the condensation device 3, form a second fluid circuit.

In the second fluid circuit are therefore connected to the fourth fluid flow FS4 tempering device 7 for heating the fluid mixture and in the eighth fluid stream

FS8 switched tempering 10 is switched to cool the fluid mixture concentrate.

The principle described with reference to the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 can by duplication of the shown configuration of the device 1, i. H. in particular by a plurality of evaporation devices 2 and condensing devices 3, also a fractionated separation of certain components, such. As chemicals, from the fluid mixture to each different temperature levels and thus a complete separation of the fluid mixture to. The fluid mixture can thus be separated into its individual components, which components in the context of or one

Fracking process can be used again.

Based on the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, the integration of the device 1 according to the invention in a

Fracking process explained in more detail. Already on the basis of the 1 shows that the device 1 is coupled or connected to a fracking process such that waste heat and a fluid mixture from the fracking process can be fed into the device 1.

FIG. 2 shows a borehole 13, from which a suspension-like mixture, which in particular contains hydrocarbon-containing raw materials, water and chemicals freed from rock strata, is conveyed via a conveyor 14.

The raw materials contained in the mixture, d. H. z. As gas or oil are separated in a separator 15 of the other components of the mixture and further supplied to a treatment device 16 for the preparation of the raw materials. As part of the preparation of the raw materials in the processing device 16, useful raw material components are separated from non-useful raw material components, so-called tail gases, and passed, for example, to a pipeline 17 or a power plant 18 leading into a raw material network. The non-useful raw material constituents are burned in a combustor 8 connected downstream of the treatment device 16.

The raw material-freed fluid mixture formed in the separator 15 is passed, as described with reference to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, into a tank 5, from which the water contained therein is removed in the same way with reference to FIG Fig. 1 shown embodiment described process is processed.

An essential supplement to the embodiment shown with reference to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is that the waste heat produced by the incineration of the non-useful raw material constituents via a heat exchanger 19 already on the in the Transfer the fluid mixture located in tank 5 and the fluid mixture is already preheated in the tank 5.

The preheating of the fluid mixture contained in the tank 5 is particularly useful when the temperature of the fluid mixture is below 60 ° C. The tank 5 acts as a thermal storage. The fluid mixture heated in the tank 5, typically at temperatures between 60 and 95 ° C., is fed to the device 1. Since the fluid mixture here already has a temperature level required for the evaporation, it can be introduced directly into the head of the evaporation device 2 in this.

On the basis of the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 can be seen in principle that the provision of heat from the fracking process in the device 1 can take place before the taking place via the separator 15 separation of the raw materials from the funded from the borehole 13 mixture. This results from the geothermal heating of the conveyed from the hole 13 mixture in the fracking process. The supply of the fluid mixture into the device 1 is shown here schematically by a ninth fluid flow FS9. In principle, it can be seen from the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 4 that the heat provided by the fracking process can be introduced directly into the device 1, as described with reference to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1. The supply of the fluid mixture into the device 1 is also shown schematically here by a ninth fluid flow FS9.

Of course, the aspects of the inventive principle described with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown in the respective figures can be combined with one another as desired. This applies in particular to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3, 4. Although the invention has been further illustrated and described in detail by the preferred embodiment, the invention is not limited by the disclosed examples, and other variations can be derived therefrom by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

claims

1. A process for the separation of water from a water-containing fluid mixture, in particular a water-containing wastewater from a fracking process, as part of a water treatment process, characterized by the steps:

Evaporating at least a portion of the water contained in the fluid mixture to separate water from the fluid mixture to form a first vapor stream (FS1) containing water vapor formed by evaporation of the at least part of the water contained in the fluid mixture

Condensing the water vapor contained in the first fluid stream (FS1) to form a condensed one

Water-containing second fluid stream (FS2),

wherein at least a portion of the amount of heat required to evaporate the at least part of the water contained in the fluid mixture is provided by waste heat from at least one fracking process.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that another part of the amount of heat required to evaporate the at least part of the water contained in the fluid mixture directly or indirectly via the from

Condensation of the evaporated water resulting condensation heat is provided.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the water from a fluid mixture, in particular a

Waste water mixture from which at least one or another fracking process is separated.

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that heat from a combustion device (8) for

Burning occurring in the fracking process exhaust gases and / or geothermal heat from the fluid mixture is used as waste heat from the at least one fracking process.

5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a, in particular closed, first fluid circuit between at least one evaporation device (2) which is adapted to evaporate the water contained in the fluid mixture, and at least one condensation device (3), which is arranged to condense the water vapor formed by the evaporation of the water contained in the fluid mixture is formed, wherein the first fluid flow (FS1) is connected as part of or in a part of the first fluid circuit.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the first fluid flow (FS1) as a in the condensation device (3) or in the condensing device (3) guided first feed stream through which the water vapor to be condensed in the condensation device (3) is guided, is switched to the first fluid circuit.

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the first fluid circuit with a second supply stream, via which in the condensation of the water vapor to be condensed, especially dried, exhaust air from the condensation device (3) in the Verduns- device (2 ), is formed.

8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a, in particular closed, second fluid circuit between one or a Kondensati - onseinrichtung (3), which is adapted for condensing the water vapor to be condensed, associated cooling device (4) and the evaporation device (2), which is adapted to evaporate the water contained in the fluid mixture is formed.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that in the second fluid circuit at least one tempering device (7), in particular a heat exchanger, for heating men of the water flowing in the second fluid circuit and / or at least one tempering device (10), in particular a heat exchanger, is switched for cooling the water flowing in the second fluid circuit.

10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the or an evaporation device (2), which is adapted to evaporate the water contained in the fluid mixture, not evaporated water at least partially in the water treatment process, in particular by returning to one of or a condensing device (3) which is set up to condense the water vapor to be condensed, associated cooling device (4) is reused.

11. A device (1) for separating water from a water-containing fluid mixture, in particular a wastewater mixture containing water from a fracking process, as part of a water treatment process according to a method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising:

at least one evaporation device (2), which for evaporating at least a portion of the water contained in the fluid mixture for separating water from the fluid mixture to form a formed by evaporation of the at least part of the water contained in the fluid mixture containing water vapor first fluid flow (FS1) is as well

at least one condensation device (3), which condenses the water vapor contained in the first fluid flow (FS1) to form a condensed one

Water containing second fluid stream (FS2) is set up.

12. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that a, in particular closed, first fluid circuit between at least one evaporation device (2), which is adapted to evaporate the water contained in the fluid mixture, and at least one condensation Device (3), which is designed to condense the evaporated water to be condensed, is formed, wherein the first fluid flow (FS1) is connected as part of or in a part of the first fluid circuit.

13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the first fluid circuit comprises a in the condensation device (3) guided first feed, via which the water vapor to be condensed in the Kondensationsein- (3) is guided, wherein the first fluid flow (FS1 ) is connected as part of or in a part of the first supply stream in the first fluid circuit.

14. The apparatus of claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the first fluid circuit a second

Feed stream through which, in the context of the condensation of the water vapor to be condensed, resulting, in particular dried, exhaust air from the condensation device (3) in the evaporation device (2) is guided comprises.

15. Device according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that a, in particular closed, second fluid circuit between one or a condensation device (3), which is adapted for condensing the water vapor to be condensed, associated cooling device (4) and the or an evaporation device (2), which is adapted to evaporate the water contained in the fluid mixture is formed.

16. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that in the second fluid circuit at least one tempering device (7), in particular a heat exchanger, for heating the water flowing in the second fluid circuit and / or at least one tempering device (10), in particular a heat exchanger, for Cooling of the flowing in the second fluid circuit water is switched.

17. The device according to one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that it is connected to at least one fracking process such that waste heat and a water-containing wastewater from the fracking process in the device (1) can be supplied.