WO2015093509A1 - Procédé de promotion de photosynthèse et procédé de culture de phototrophe - Google Patents

Procédé de promotion de photosynthèse et procédé de culture de phototrophe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015093509A1
WO2015093509A1 PCT/JP2014/083348 JP2014083348W WO2015093509A1 WO 2015093509 A1 WO2015093509 A1 WO 2015093509A1 JP 2014083348 W JP2014083348 W JP 2014083348W WO 2015093509 A1 WO2015093509 A1 WO 2015093509A1
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Prior art keywords
photosynthesis
microwaves
light
plants
microwave
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PCT/JP2014/083348
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
晃 別府
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晃 別府
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Priority to JP2015518663A priority Critical patent/JP6242389B2/ja
Publication of WO2015093509A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015093509A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a photosynthesis promoting method for promoting photosynthesis of an organism that performs photosynthesis (sometimes referred to as a plant or the like) or an artificial photosynthesis apparatus under various circumstances, and a method for growing a photosynthetic organism that efficiently grows an organism that performs photosynthesis. .
  • Photosynthesis is a reaction in which reducing power is extracted from a substance in the environment (for example, water (H 2 0)) by light that is electromagnetic waves, and carbon dioxide is fixed to an organic substance by the reducing power and energy. That is, for example, a chloroplast such as a plant that performs photosynthesis converts light energy into electronic energy when it receives light as an electromagnetic wave, and adds a hydrogen atom to carbon dioxide by an oxidation-reduction reaction, that is, an electron transfer reaction. Producing carbohydrates.
  • a chloroplast such as a plant that performs photosynthesis converts light energy into electronic energy when it receives light as an electromagnetic wave, and adds a hydrogen atom to carbon dioxide by an oxidation-reduction reaction, that is, an electron transfer reaction.
  • This photosynthesis absorbs carbon dioxide and releases oxygen, increasing the oxygen concentration on the earth and affecting the global environment.
  • carbohydrates are generated from water and carbon dioxide in the air, maintaining the earth's ecosystem and enabling food production by agriculture.
  • Photosynthesis is performed not only on terrestrial plants and seaweed including foods generally used but also on algae such as phytoplankton other than seaweed, and photosynthetic bacteria, and these can be used in industry. It is considered.
  • a treatment method of sludge generated by water purification treatment effective microorganisms containing photosynthetic bacteria are applied to the sludge, and electromagnetic waves are irradiated to the sludge to which effective microorganisms are applied to promote the decomposition of septic substances, and finally the sludge is removed.
  • fertilizer see, for example, Patent Document 1.
  • the tree is activated by irradiating the roots, trunks, and branches of the tree as a plant and mainly increasing the absorbability of nutrients from the root. It does not promote or activate. Moreover, it is considered that providing the photosynthetic bacteria to the sludge and irradiating the sludge with light is a countermeasure against the sludge blocking the light to the photosynthetic bacteria and causing the light quantity to be insufficient.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for promoting photosynthesis and a method for growing a photosynthetic organism by accelerating photosynthesis by, for example, irradiating microwaves with photosynthetic ability. .
  • the photosynthesis promotion method of the present invention is characterized in that at least a portion where photosynthesis is performed is irradiated with microwaves.
  • the present inventor came to the view that the possibility of photosynthesis even with electromagnetic waves having a wavelength longer than that of infrared rays could not be completely denied, and microwaves were applied to the mixed liquid containing the pulverized plant leaves. In this case, it was found that the dissolved oxygen concentration was higher than that in the case where microwave irradiation was not performed.
  • bacteriochlorophyll a photosynthetic pigment of photosynthetic bacteria, absorbs infrared rays, and photosynthesis bacteria having bacteriochlorophyll can perform photosynthesis by infrared rays.
  • microwaves that are electromagnetic waves in the wavelength range adjacent to the longer wavelength side of the infrared wavelength range are irradiated on the photosynthesis part, for example, chloroplasts having photosynthetic pigments, photosynthetic bacteria, etc.
  • the microwave is absorbed, and photosynthesis is performed based on the microwave, or photosynthesis is promoted. That is, photosynthesis is performed by supplying electrons based on microwaves and performing an electron transfer reaction, or by indirectly passing the supplied electrons to a photosynthetic dye or the like.
  • photosynthesis can be promoted by irradiating microwaves more than light alone.
  • the conversion efficiency is about 15%.
  • the conversion from electric power to microwaves has a conversion efficiency of 90% or more, and the energy cost can be reduced.
  • single-celled algae such as chlorella and euglena (including photosynthetic bacteria), various plants (including algae that are multicellular organisms such as seed plants, spore plants, and seaweed), organisms that perform photosynthesis classified as animals Photosynthesis can be promoted under various circumstances.
  • algae such as chlorella and euglena (including photosynthetic bacteria)
  • various plants including algae that are multicellular organisms such as seed plants, spore plants, and seaweed
  • organisms that perform photosynthesis classified as animals Photosynthesis can be promoted under various circumstances.
  • photosynthesis By irradiating plants that perform photosynthesis with microwaves, photosynthesis can be promoted outside the light-irradiated surface, which promotes the growth of photosynthetic organisms in a very space-saving and energy-efficient situation. it can. Utilizing photosynthetic organisms irradiated with microwaves, it is possible to efficiently produce biofuels, pharmaceuticals such as vitamins, food, oxygen, etc., and consume carbon dioxide. In addition, when the amount of light is weak, it is effective to irradiate a portion where photosynthesis is performed with microwaves. Even when there is no light, it is effective to irradiate a portion where photosynthesis is performed with microwaves.
  • the method for growing (culturing) a photosynthetic organism of the present invention is characterized in that the organism to be synthesized is irradiated with microwaves to grow the organism.
  • microwaves are less straight than light and easily pass through organisms such as plants, shadows are difficult to shadow.
  • the yield per area is increased.
  • productivity of plants etc. can be improved and productivity of various products made using plants etc., for example, biofuel, food, medicine, oxygen, etc., and cost reduction can be aimed at.
  • carbon dioxide can be removed and oxygen can be supplied.
  • photosynthesis can be promoted by microwaves, and by using microwaves, productivity of crops can be improved, carbon dioxide concentration in the air can be reduced, and oxygen can be increased. can do.
  • the part of the organism that performs photosynthesis is actually subjected to photosynthesis, for example, the part with a photosynthesis dye, the part with chlorophyll as the photosynthesis dye, the chloroplast as the organelle that performs photosynthesis, Irradiates microwaves.
  • the part with a photosynthesis dye for example, the part with chlorophyll as the photosynthesis dye
  • the chloroplast as the organelle that performs photosynthesis
  • microwaves for example, even when the amount of light is insufficient
  • photosynthesis is activated to promote photosynthesis.
  • the microwaves here include, for example, ultra-high frequency waves (UHF), centimeter waves (SHF), millimeter waves (EHF), and submillimeter waves, and are electromagnetic waves having a frequency of 300 MHz to 3 THz and a wavelength of 1 m to 100 ⁇ m. is there.
  • the infrared frequency is 3 THz to 300 THz.
  • the microwave is not necessarily clearly defined, and the microwave may not include the submillimeter wave.
  • the microwave includes a submillimeter wave.
  • the microwave irradiation to the plant or the like is specifically to irradiate the ground plant with the microwave.
  • a microwave transmission device is used. Irradiate plants with microwaves.
  • microwaves are irradiated from the antenna, but it is preferable to use an antenna having directivity. That is, it is preferable to be able to irradiate microwaves toward plants and the like.
  • the type of antenna, the arrangement of the antenna including the number of antennas, the output of the microwave transmission device, etc. are likely to vary depending on the situation of the rice field or the field. It is preferable to determine the state.
  • a circuit using a magnetron, a klystron, a traveling wave tube (TWT), a gyrotron, a Gunn diode, or the like can be used for oscillation in a microwave transmission device.
  • the above-mentioned fields and the like include, for example, outdoor cultivation and forcing cultivation using a greenhouse or greenhouse, and can also be applied to a plant factory that grows plants and the like in a building by, for example, hydroponics.
  • algae and photosynthetic bacteria that inhabit the water are irradiated with microwaves from the outside of the water or from an underwater device. At this time, the microwaves enter the water to some extent, but they are absorbed by the water and warm the water, and it is not possible to irradiate the microwaves deeply in the water. It is preferable to cultivate (cultivate) with a mouth.
  • microwaves of 2.45 GHz are used in microwave ovens, but the wavelength used varies from country to country and is basically determined from the technical point of view, such as the efficiency of warming water, and from the viewpoint of safety. It is determined based on various regulations and laws concerning radio waves. Basically, water can be heated by irradiating water with electromagnetic waves in the microwave frequency range.
  • the microwave is absorbed by the water, and the microwave is attenuated in the water and cannot propagate in the water over a long distance, but if it is a shallow aquarium, the microwave is sufficiently irradiated. It is possible.
  • the water tank is deep and large in capacity, if the water tank can transmit microwaves, multiple antennas are arranged as microwave irradiation ports around the water tank and irradiated from the water surface side. Then, it may be possible to irradiate the microwave to a portion where the microwave is not sufficiently irradiated.
  • the microwave since water is heated by the microwave, the microwave may be used as a heating device (heating device) for maintaining the water temperature of the water tank. For example, it is good also as what adjusts the water temperature of a water tank by irradiating the microwave of an output slightly larger than the output considered necessary for photosynthesis in the time when it becomes low temperature in winter. Further, in the case of algae (including photosynthetic bacteria) that prefer high temperatures, heating by microwaves may be performed even outside winter.
  • microwave irradiation is used for culturing single-celled algae such as Euglena and Chlorella (including photosynthetic bacteria) and cell cultures of various plants (including algae that are multicellular organisms such as seed plants, spore plants, and seaweeds).
  • an antenna of a microwave transmission device is arranged in the culture container, and microwaves are irradiated to photosynthesizable cells (including single-cell organisms) in the culture container.
  • the microwave may be used for temperature adjustment as described above.
  • the culture solution is stirred in the culture vessel, even if the microwave is absorbed by water, it becomes possible to irradiate the cells in the culture vessel substantially evenly.
  • a cell when a cell is weak to stirring, you may make slow stirring speed sufficiently.
  • a crushed plant or the like instead of cell culture, a crushed plant or the like (a leaf portion in the case of a tree or the like) may be placed in a culture vessel and irradiated with microwaves to perform photosynthesis. In this case, it is preferable to adjust the carbon dioxide concentration in the culture vessel to an environment suitable for photosynthesis in accordance with the progress of photosynthesis.
  • the culture vessel when light is taken into the culture vessel, for example, the culture vessel may be made of transparent glass or resin.
  • the culture vessel when photosynthesis is performed using only microwaves, the culture vessel may be made of metal. In this case, since the microwave is reflected by the metal container, the generation of noise due to the leakage of the microwave can be prevented.
  • microwaves When microwaves are radiated at a high output, the microwaves generate noise to the surroundings. For example, leakage occurs to the surroundings due to antenna directivity, antenna arrangement, microwave phase difference at each antenna, etc. If the microwaves cannot be reduced sufficiently, a metal mesh sheet, a metal mesh panel, or a panel with a mesh sheet placed on the periphery that is sufficiently finer than the microwave wavelength used is placed around Thus, it is preferable to reflect radio waves inward.
  • a metal plate may be used instead of a metal mesh sheet or the like.
  • the target organism to be subjected to photosynthesis is different, but an appropriate environment (circulation, carbon dioxide injection, oxygen emission, temperature control, etc.) where photosynthesis occurs by placing a photosynthetic organism such as aquatic Euglena or Chlorella in a container. ),
  • the space of 1 to 2 m 2 (estimated) can be used, and not only is it extremely space-saving, but also photosynthesis with extremely high energy efficiency becomes possible.
  • biofuels that are commercially used, photopharmaceuticals such as vitamins, and oxygen can be produced using photosynthesis based on microwaves.
  • microwave irradiation As mentioned above, photosynthesis will be promoted by microwave irradiation, so even in situations where the amount of light is insufficient, the ability to supply hydrogen to carbon dioxide by photosynthesis is enhanced by irradiation with microwaves. Is possible. That is, it becomes possible to grow a living organism that performs photosynthesis, such as a plant on the ground, even if the amount of light is insufficient. In other words, in agriculture, production is influenced by the climate, but the lack of sunshine due to unseasonable climate can be compensated for by microwave irradiation.
  • the lighting device You may make it stop at least one part use and to irradiate a plant etc. with a microwave. Note that it is more efficient to convert the power into light than using the lighting device to convert the power into light, and it is more efficient to convert the light into microwaves with the transmitting device. There is.
  • microwaves when compared with light, microwaves have low straightness and are easily transmitted through plants and the like, and are less prone to shadow than light. That is, in the case of light, in plants where leaves are overgrown or in a situation where plants are planted without gaps, there is a possibility that the shadow will increase and the amount of light will be insufficient in the lower part of the plant, thereby hindering growth.
  • Microwaves are less straight than light and easy to permeate organisms such as plants, making shadows difficult. For example, in order to increase the yield per area in hydroponics, etc. Even if the interval between plants to be narrowed is narrowly arranged, it is possible to prevent neighboring plants from being shaded and hindering growth due to insufficient light.
  • microwaves when using a microwave, it is good also as what uses only a microwave without using light, but it is not necessary to interrupt light intentionally. Moreover, it is good also as what uses sunlight and the light of an illuminating device, and a microwave together. Basically, when microwaves are used for outdoor cultivation or forcing cultivation, sunlight and microwaves are used in combination. Also, in a plant factory, a room for growing plants or the like does not have to be a dark room, may have a structure in which sunlight can be taken, and a lighting device may be used. Moreover, also in artificial photosynthesis, there is a possibility that photosynthesis can be promoted by microwave irradiation, and the above-described plant or the like may include an artificial photosynthesis device.
  • the outline of this experiment is to disperse a plant leaf pulverized product in carbonated water and irradiate a microwave (frequency: 2.45 GHz) using a microwave oven, and measure the dissolved oxygen concentration at that time.
  • Filter paper and funnel Microwave oven (using Sharp AX-M1 at 200W, 2.45 GHz) About 1500 g of carbonated water (3 x 500 mL PET bottles) Specimen Okawakame leaf approximately 1.2Kg (official Japanese name: red-faced quail, perennial perennial of the vine family) Blender (Brown MR5550 M CA, for okakame ground) Glass container (about 2L) for crushing the leaves of the sample (okakawame) Styrofoam container (for filling carbon dioxide and eliminating the influence of oxygen in the air) Dry ice (to fill carbon dioxide in polystyrene foam container)
  • the experiment was performed as follows. Prepare 1500 mL (23 ° C.) of carbonated water. Here, a part of the carbonated water is designated as sample solution 1. Also, prepare 75 ° C. water for hot water bathing. In a styrofoam container containing dry ice, 1.2 kg of a sample (okakawame leaf) and 300 mL of carbonated water are placed in a glass container and pulverized with a blender. In addition, operation in subsequent experiments was performed in a foamed polystyrene container if possible.
  • sample solution 2 500 mL of carbonated water is added to the crushed sample and stirred. A part of the dispersed crushed material is used as sample solution 2.
  • sample solution 4 850 g of the solution obtained by stirring the sample crushed as described above and adding carbonated water to each of two PE containers was placed in a microwave oven (200 W, 5 minutes). This is designated as sample solution 4.
  • sample solution 3 850 g of the sample solution in the remaining PE container was bathed (with 72 ° C hot water). For about 5 minutes) to 35 ° C. This is designated as sample solution 3.
  • sample liquid 1, 3 and 4 were filtered as they were, the sample liquids 3 and 4 were further diluted 8 times with carbonated water, and dissolved oxygen was measured.
  • Table 1 shows the measurement results of dissolved oxygen.
  • sample solution 4 irradiated with the microwave increased the amount of dissolved oxygen of 24 mg / L, although it was not a strict numerical value compared to the sample solution 3 not irradiated with the microwave.
  • Sample solution 3 is green (wavelength 520 nm), whereas sample solution 4 is browned (wavelength 610 nm), which is considered to be oxidized by oxygen generated by photosynthesis. That is, it is considered that photosynthesis was promoted by microwaves, and more oxygen was generated by photosynthesis than when microwaves were not irradiated.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

　L'invention concerne un procédé de promotion de photosynthèse et un procédé de culture de phototrophe pour promouvoir la photosynthèse par irradiation de micro-ondes sur un organisme apte à réaliser une photosynthèse, par exemple. La photosynthèse est favorisée par irradiation de micro-ondes sur au moins une partie où la photosynthèse se produit. Si, par exemple, la quantité de lumière est insuffisante en raison de la météo ou du climat, des micro-ondes sont irradiées sur des plantes, qui réalisent une photosynthèse, ce qui favorise la photosynthèse dans des zones autres que les surfaces où est reçue la lumière. La croissance des plantes peut ainsi être favorisée. La présente invention permet de favoriser la croissance chez les végétaux et similaires, non seulement dans des espaces extrêmement petits, mais également à une efficacité énergétique extrêmement élevée, et de consommer efficacement le dioxyde de carbone et de produire des biocarburants, des aliments, de l'oxygène, des médicaments tels que des vitamines, et similaires.
PCT/JP2014/083348 2013-12-17 2014-12-17 Procédé de promotion de photosynthèse et procédé de culture de phototrophe WO2015093509A1 (fr)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017022563A1 (fr) * 2015-08-05 2017-02-09 学校法人上智学院 Procédé de culture de plante
WO2018143386A1 (fr) * 2017-02-03 2018-08-09 学校法人上智学院 Procédé de production de semis de plantes par irradiation aux micro-ondes et semis ainsi obtenus
CN110217936A (zh) * 2018-03-01 2019-09-10 中国农业大学 利用光合生物处理污水的生物膜磁场装置及方法
US10849278B2 (en) 2015-08-05 2020-12-01 Sophia School Corporation Plant cultivation method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0928193A (ja) * 1995-07-19 1997-02-04 Seiki Nakazato 模擬外気発生装置
JP4654373B2 (ja) * 2004-09-03 2011-03-16 国立大学法人 長崎大学 ストレスに対する植物体の適応応答反応の測定方法
JP2014045757A (ja) * 2012-09-04 2014-03-17 Seikei Gakuen 植物育成方法及び装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02215323A (ja) * 1989-02-14 1990-08-28 Nitsusen Kagaku Kogyo Kk 培養植物体の無菌化方法
US10457930B2 (en) * 2010-06-30 2019-10-29 Microwave Chemical Co., Ltd. Oil-based material-producing method and oil-based material-producing apparatus

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0928193A (ja) * 1995-07-19 1997-02-04 Seiki Nakazato 模擬外気発生装置
JP4654373B2 (ja) * 2004-09-03 2011-03-16 国立大学法人 長崎大学 ストレスに対する植物体の適応応答反応の測定方法
JP2014045757A (ja) * 2012-09-04 2014-03-17 Seikei Gakuen 植物育成方法及び装置

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017022563A1 (fr) * 2015-08-05 2017-02-09 学校法人上智学院 Procédé de culture de plante
JPWO2017022563A1 (ja) * 2015-08-05 2017-08-10 学校法人上智学院 植物の栽培方法
EP3332629A4 (fr) * 2015-08-05 2019-03-13 Sophia School Corporation Procédé de culture de plante
US10849278B2 (en) 2015-08-05 2020-12-01 Sophia School Corporation Plant cultivation method
WO2018143386A1 (fr) * 2017-02-03 2018-08-09 学校法人上智学院 Procédé de production de semis de plantes par irradiation aux micro-ondes et semis ainsi obtenus
CN110217936A (zh) * 2018-03-01 2019-09-10 中国农业大学 利用光合生物处理污水的生物膜磁场装置及方法

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JP6242389B2 (ja) 2017-12-06

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