WO2015082923A1 - Fabrication additive - Google Patents

Fabrication additive Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015082923A1
WO2015082923A1 PCT/GB2014/053598 GB2014053598W WO2015082923A1 WO 2015082923 A1 WO2015082923 A1 WO 2015082923A1 GB 2014053598 W GB2014053598 W GB 2014053598W WO 2015082923 A1 WO2015082923 A1 WO 2015082923A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stack
layers
additive manufacturing
build platform
layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2014/053598
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ben Ian Ferrar
Jake Samuel UFTON
Jason Blair JONES
Original Assignee
Renishaw Plc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Renishaw Plc filed Critical Renishaw Plc
Publication of WO2015082923A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015082923A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/18—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by using pressure rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/32—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B29C64/147—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using sheet material, e.g. laminated object manufacturing [LOM] or laminating sheet material precut to local cross sections of the 3D object
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/30—Platforms or substrates
    • B22F12/37—Rotatable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
    • B22F12/63—Rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • This invention concerns additive manufacturing methods and apparatus for building an object layer-by-layer.
  • the invention has particular, but not exclusive, application to apparatus, such as electrophotographic printing apparatus, wherein successive layers of material are deposited from a transfer member on which each layer is formed in a desired shape onto a build platform.
  • Rapid Prototyping Journal, 10, 305-315 have yielded some improvement; however they can be complicated or compromised by geometric complexity (which limits access or makes parts difficult to hold for downstream operations) negating some of the advantages of using AM, and making in-process enhancement of mechanical properties attractive.
  • parts made by AM typically have inferior mechanical properties when compared to conventional formative and moulding techniques.
  • AJOKU, U., HOPKINSON, N. & CAINE, M. 2006a Experimental measurement and finite element modelling of the compressive properties of laser sintered Nylon-12.
  • Materials Science and Engineering: A, 428, 21 1-216 demonstrated a 10% lower modulus from compression tested laser sintered Nylon- 12 compared to when it was injection moulded.
  • Ajoku et al. (2006b) suggested that the lack of "molecular chain alignment", achieved by material flow during injection moulding, contributed to different properties in laser sintered Nylon-12.
  • FIG 1 is a schematic illustration of a selective laser printing (SLP) process according to an embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 2 is an illustration of the pressure application step of an embodiment of the invention
  • Figures 3a and 3b show cross-sections of Somos 201 at 500x as processed by SLS (a) and SLP (b);
  • Figures 4a and 4b show fracture surfaces of tensile tested Somos 201 produced by SLS (a) and SLP (b) (Note: these images have different magnifications);
  • Figure 5 shows a stress-strain curve comparison of Somos 201 samples processed by SLS and SLP
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a selective laser printing (SLP) process according to a further embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a selective laser melting/sintering (SLM/SLS) apparatus according to a further embodiment of the invention. Description of Embodiments
  • a selective laser printing apparatus 101 comprising a build platform 102 and a transfer member, in this embodiment, transfer rollers 103a and 103b, for retaining material and successively depositing layers of the material on to the build platform 102 to build an object from a resulting stack 104 of the layers.
  • the height of the build platform 102 is adjustable by a mechanism (not shown) such that a position of the build platform 102 relative to the transfer roller 103b can be adjusted. As the stack 104 of layers increases in height, the build platform 102 is moved downwards to accommodate the higher stack. The build platform 102 is also movable laterally relative to the transfer roller 103.
  • An infrared heater 105 is provided for heating deposited layers to consolidate the material by softening or melting the material.
  • the build platform 102 moves from a position in which material is deposited from the transfer roller 103b to a position below the heater 105 wherein the deposited layer is consolidated by sintering or melting of the material. Through repeated shutting between the two positions, successive layers can be deposited one on top of the other. The layers are sufficiently heated and the time between deposition of a subsequent layer and heating of the underlying layer is sufficiently short such that a subsequent layer is deposited onto softened or melted material of the stack 104.
  • the transfer roller 103b and build platform 102 are relatively positioned such that a layer 1 19 of material is deposited from the transfer roller 103b with sufficient pressure to embed the unfused material of the layer into the softened or melted material of the stack 104.
  • the pressure applied to the stack 104 is also sufficient to close subsurface voids 118 within the stack 104, as illustrated in Figure 2.
  • the transfer roller 103b and build platform 102 are relatively positioned to achieve plastic deformation of uppermost layers of the stack 104, but not to exceed elastic recovery in layers underlying the uppermost layers.
  • the intensity of the infrared heat provided by heater 105 and the time the stack 104 is exposed to the infrared radiation may be controlled to provide a known thermal gradient across the stack 104.
  • the pressure required to achieve plastic deformation of uppermost layers and elastic deformation of lower layers for the material with the known thermal gradient can be determined empirically and is stored in a look-up table in a controller (not shown). For the deposition of each layer, the controller queries the look-up table and adjusts the position of the build platform for each layer in order to achieve the pressure identified in the look-up table.
  • the maximum pressure will typically be less than 1 MPa, with typical pressures across the nip of around 0.13MPa.
  • Pressure is applied to the stack 104 at points that are located within the nip of the transfer roller 103b and the build platform 102.
  • the transfer roller 103b and build platform move synchronously such that a point on an outer surface of the roller
  • the transfer roller 103b is maintained substantially above the same point on the build platform 102 as the stack 104 moves across the nip.
  • the speed at which the transfer roller 103b and build platform 102 is selected such that any point on the transfer roller 103b, which applies pressure to the stack 104, applies pressure for a sufficiently short time to prevent melting of unfused material during deposition through heat transfer from the stack.
  • the nip width is 2.5mm and the platform speed is 5m/min.
  • the material comprises electrically charged particles and a layer of material is formed on the transfer roller 103a using electrostatic forces to attract charged particles.
  • a surface of the transfer roller 103a is charged using a charging device 106. The charge is an opposite charge to that of the charged particles.
  • LEDs of an array of LEDs 107 are selectively activated to discharge selected areas of the surface.
  • the selectively charged surface of the transfer roller 103a then passes a source of the charged particles such that the particles are attracted to the areas of the surface that remain charged to form a pattern of particles on the surface. This pattern of particles is then transferred to transfer roller 130b through contact with transfer roller 103b.
  • the layer of material on transfer roller 103b is then deposited to form a layer on the build platform 102, as described above.
  • residual charge in the deposited layers may be reduced or eliminated, for example as described in WO2012/164015.
  • any residual charge in the deposited layers is reduced to provide a substantially neutrally charged surface onto which the subsequent layer is to be deposited.
  • the build platform is rotatable such that a direction different layers of the stack are deposited can be varied.
  • any directional defects or properties of a layer associated with a direction of deposition of a layer will vary between layers reducing weaknesses in the final build compared to building the layers all in the same direction.
  • the direction in which layers are deposited may be varied every layer and the angle through which the build platform is rotated may be selected such that the same (or opposite) direction for deposition is not repeated for a set number of layers. For example, an angle other than 0 or 180 degrees may be selected, such that the direction for deposition is not repeated every layer.
  • the angle may be an angle other than 0, 45, 90 or 180 degrees.
  • the angle may a number in degrees that is not a divisor of 360. In one embodiment, the angle is 67 degrees.
  • the controller for controlling the apparatus carries out steps based on instructions of a computer program stored on a suitable data carrier.
  • the data carrier may be a suitable medium for providing the controller with instructions such as non-transient data carrier, for example a floppy disk, a CD ROM, a DVD ROM / RAM (including - R/-RW and +R/ + RW), an HD DVD, a Blu Ray(TM) disc, a memory (such as a Memory Stick(TM), an SD card, a compact flash card, or the like), a disc drive (such as a hard disc drive), a tape, any magneto/optical storage, or a transient data carrier, such as a signal on a wire or fibre optic or a wireless signal, for example a signals sent over a wired or wireless network (such as an Internet download, an FTP transfer, or the like).
  • non-transient data carrier for
  • the SLS® process is a commercially established AM technology which uses the thermal energy from a laser to fuse successive cross-sectional layers of powdered materials into complex shapes. It does not incorporate a means of applying pressure during the process and has been thoroughly documented in the literature (Kruth et al., 2003, GIBSON, I. & SHI, D. 1997. Material properties and fabrication parameters in selective laser sintering process. Rapid Prototyping Journal, 3, 129- 136).
  • Somos 201 is a proprietary thermoplastic elastomer powder, engineered for use on laser sintering machines; although its composition is not known, it exhibits some properties similar to Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) or PBT/rubber blends (WIMPENNY, D. I., BANERJEE, S. & JONES, J. B. Laser Printed Elastomeric Parts and their Properties. Solid Freeform Fabrication Proceedings, 2009 Austin, TX, USA. The University of Texas, 498-506).
  • PBT Polybuty
  • Ten tensile specimens with a 40 mm gauge length were manufactured in a single batch with XY or YX orientation as per ASTM F2921 in an SLS machine (Sinterstation, 3D Systems, USA) using the manufacturers' recommended parameters for Somos 201 (3D Systems, USA) which has a melt temperature of 156°C (3D Systems, 201 1).
  • the specimens were de-powdered with compressed air (to remove support material), with no further post-processing.
  • Cross sections of the specimens were examined by SEM (Model ⁇ , Carl Zeiss SMT AG, Oberkochen, Germany) and tensile tested (M250-2.5kN, Testometric, England) with a cross-head speed of 50mm/min at 19°C and 40% RH.
  • Specimens which were not tensile tested were cut, mounted in epoxy (Epo-thin, Buelher UK, Coventry, UK), ground, polished (using 9, 3 and 1 ⁇ grinding media), and carbon coated by sputtering in preparation for SEM imaging.
  • the fractured surfaces of tensile test specimens were gold coated by sputtering and imaged.
  • Somos 201 In order to enable Somos 201 to be laser printed in the SLP process it was classified with a d50 32 ⁇ diameter average particle size (measured by laser diffraction) and surface coated with 0.5 wt.% of fumed silica according to the method developed by BANERJEE, S. & WIMPENNY, D. I. 2006. Laser Printing of Polymeric Materials. Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium. Austin, TX, USA. It was paired with a suitable carrier (for charging and conveying the powder around inside of the laser printers) in order to achieve a mean charge to particle diameter ratio q/d of -0.6 fC/10 ⁇ , measured using a q/d meter (Epping GmbH, Germany).
  • Tensile specimens as specified above were produced in an XY orientation (ASTM F2921) as a single batch using the SLP process, which is currently under development in the UK.
  • SLP process two-component industrial laser printers (CTG-1 C17-600, CTG PrintTEC, Germany) were used to sequentially print dry unconsolidated powder layers onto a rigid build platform as described by JONES, J. B., GIBBONS, G. J. & WIMPENNY, D. I. Transfer Methods toward Additive Manufacturing by Electrophotography. IS&T's NIP27 and Digital Fabrication 201 1 , Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. Springfield, VA: Society for Imaging Science and Technology, 180-84 & JONES, J. B., WIMPENNY, D.
  • laser printer is technically a misnomer in this case since a strip of light emitting diodes (LEDs), instead of a laser, is used to create a charge pattern to which the toner-like powder material is electrostatically attracted.
  • LEDs light emitting diodes
  • Figures 4a and 4b show the fractured surfaces of the samples after tensile testing.
  • the facture mode for SLS samples ( Figure 4a) is a combination of plastic deformation and brittle fracture.
  • the fracture surfaces for the SLP samples ( Figure 4b) exhibited plastic deformation with a finer structure than the SLS parts (note the different magnifications in the images).
  • Figure 5 shows the stress versus strain behaviour of three samples (with the highest, medium, and lowest elongation at failure) from each sample set; and Table 1 compares, the tensile tested results of the SLS and SLP processed specimens.
  • the SLS specimens demonstrated properties slightly better than the (published) material specification (3D SYSTEMS 201 1.
  • the SLP samples elongated an average of 513 ⁇ 35% at break with UTS of 10.4 ⁇ 0.4 MPa and elastic modulus of 17.9 ⁇ 0.1 MPa.
  • silica Since the inclusion of silica in this research was intended only to achieve appropriate charging and flow characteristics for laser printing the powder, its inclusion did not follow state of the art practice for micro- or nano-scale composite fillers. For example, it was used untreated (JESIONOWSKI, T., BULA, K., JANISZEWSKI, J. & JURGA, J. 2003. The influence of filler modification on its aggregation and dispersion behaviour in silica/PBT composite. Composite Interfaces, 10, 225-242), its dispersion was not undertaken expressly avoiding agglomeration (NICHOLS, G., BYARD, S., BLOXHAM, M. J., BOTTERILL, J., DAWSON, N. J., DENNIS, A., DIART, V., NORTH, N. C.
  • Somos 201 may be moulded with parameters similar to PBT, which is injection moulded with a pressure of 40-70 MPa on the projected area of the part according to GOODSHIP, V. (ed.) 2004. Arburg Practical guide to injection moulding, England: Smithers Rapra Press.
  • the magnitude of pressure (-0.13 MPa) applied layer by layer during the SLP process was arguably insignificant when compared to typical injection moulding pressures, its cumulative effect over 65 layers has been demonstrated to contribute to mechanical properties on the same order of magnitude as moulded or dynamically vulcanized PBT/rubber blends as shown by OKAMOTO, M., SHIOMI, K. & INOUE, T. 1994.
  • the repeated application of pressure allows the use of smaller, lighter and substantially weaker machine(s) to produce similar mechanical properties as conventionally processed materials.
  • these results indicate applicability to a wider range of materials and processes.
  • the use of pressure demonstrated improved consolidation of long chain length polymers, indicating the potential to process amorphous materials, or those with multiple melting temperatures, to near full density.
  • the application of pressure could improve the mechanical properties of parts made by various AM processes, especially equipment with high density/strength supports (such as a powder bed configurations, as previously attempted by Niino and Sato (2009) or extrusion approaches).
  • a separate compacting member in the form of platen 208 is provided for applying pressure to the stack 204.
  • the platen 208 is provided such that the stack 204 can be compacted using the platen 208 before the deposited layers are consolidated using the heater 205. Accordingly, the platen 208 contacts a layer of unfused/unconsolidated material at the top of the stack 204.
  • the platen 208 has a cooling device 229, such as cooling channels, therein for cooling the platen 208 below the temperature of the material in the stack 204.
  • contact of platen 208 with the stack 204 may quench the material of the stack 204 as well as compressing the stack 204 to close subsurface voids.
  • the platform 201 is lowered into a contained build volume 209.
  • Support material different to the material used to build the object, is deposited within the contained build volume to fill the spaces within the contained build volume 209 around the object being built so as to support the stack 204.
  • the support material is delivered using a hopper and wiper mechanism (not shown) similar to those found in SLM apparatus, such as that disclosed with reference to Figure 7.
  • the support material may have a different sintering/melting temperature to the material deposited using the transfer roller 203b, such as a lower sintering temperature, such that the support material is not integrated into the object when heated but forms a "part- cake" around the object that can be separated from the object after the object has been built.
  • a voltage source 220 may be connected with the compacting member 208 to charge the compacting member to an opposite polarity to that of the charged particles in the stack 204.
  • the charge on the compacting member 208 generates an electric field that repels these charged particles applying a further compressive force to the stack 204.
  • a selective laser melting/sintering (SLM/SLS) apparatus comprising a build platform 301 lowerable into a build volume defined by chamber walls 309. Powder 312a can be spread across the build area above the build platform 301 using a wiper 314 to form a layer of the powder bed 312. In this embodiment, powder 312a is deposited onto a surface from hopper 315 and wiper 314 pushes the powder heap across the bed.
  • the powder could be dispensed from a piston arrangement, wherein powder contained in a storage volume is pushed upwardly to provide a set amount of powder to be pushed across the powder bed by the wiper 314.
  • a laser beam 305a generated by a laser 305b is directed towards selected areas of the powder bed 312 by movable optics 305c to act as a consolidation device 305 for consolidating the powder in the selected areas by sintering/melting.
  • a platen 308 is slidably movable from a position to the side of the powder bed 312 to a position above the powder bed 312. When above the powder bed 312, the build platform 301 can be raised such that the platen 308 engages the powder bed 312 to compress the powder bed 312 between the platen 308 and build platform 301.
  • This process may be carried out after a fresh layer of powder 319 has been laid across the powder bed 312 but before consolidation of areas of this powder layer 319 such that an unconsolidated powder layer is provided between the platen 308 and any consolidated material 304. In this way, the chance of consolidated powder adhering to the platen 308 is reduced.
  • the compression process may be carried out for every layer or may be carried out only after a predetermined number of layers have been consolidated.
  • a brush 316 and powder dispensing line 317 form a coating device arranged for coating the surface of the platen 308 that contacts the powder bed with a layer of unconsolidated powder.
  • the platen 308 may be forced towards the powder bed by suitable mechanical mechanisms.
  • suitable mechanical mechanisms such an embodiment may be suitable when the material being consolidated is very hard and requires a large force to close subsurface voids formed in the consolidated material, for example in metal selective laser melting/sintering.
  • the transfer roller 103b or platen 308 may be provided with a cooling device for cooling the transfer roller/platen to quench consolidated material.
  • the compacting device may be provided to compact the material after being heated by the heater.
  • a coating device may be provided for coating the platen 208 with powder to avoid adherence of the softened or melted material to the platen.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication additive pour la construction couche par couche d'un objet. Le procédé comprend le dépôt successif de couches de matière à partir d'un élément de transfert (103b) sur une plate-forme de construction (102) pour construire un objet à partir d'une pile obtenue de couches (104). Entre le dépôt de couches successives, les couches déposées sont traitées pour former de la matière ramollie ou fondue sur laquelle une couche subséquente est déposée. Chaque couche subséquente de matière est déposée à partir de l'élément de transfert (103b) avec une pression suffisante de manière telle que la couche subséquente est intégrée dans la matière ramollie ou fondue. L'invention concerne également un appareil permettant de mettre en œuvre le procédé.
PCT/GB2014/053598 2013-12-04 2014-12-04 Fabrication additive WO2015082923A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB1321390.5A GB201321390D0 (en) 2013-12-04 2013-12-04 Additive manufacturing
GB1321390.5 2013-12-04

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WO2015082923A1 true WO2015082923A1 (fr) 2015-06-11

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DE102015117418A1 (de) * 2015-10-13 2017-04-13 M & R Beteiligungsgesellschaft mbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Werkstücks
WO2017131790A1 (fr) * 2016-01-29 2017-08-03 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Imprimante tridimensionnelle
WO2017180118A1 (fr) * 2016-04-13 2017-10-19 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Impression en trois dimensions (3d)
DE102018200636A1 (de) * 2018-01-16 2019-07-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Generative Herstellung mit gepresstem Pulver
TWI670166B (zh) * 2018-09-26 2019-09-01 國立成功大學 具備梯度變化孔隙之孔質材料的積層式製造方法
US10870238B2 (en) 2018-05-02 2020-12-22 Hamilton Sunstrand Corporation Fixture and method of cleaning additive manufacturing machine components
JP2021504065A (ja) * 2017-12-01 2021-02-15 レゴ エー／エス 付加製造された玩具組立ブロック
CN114514109A (zh) * 2019-06-26 2022-05-17 进化添加剂解决方案股份有限公司 用于基于选择性沉积的增材制造的热塑性弹性体材料及其制造方法
CN115572970A (zh) * 2022-09-08 2023-01-06 江苏大学 一种高性能高熵合金材料及制备方法

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WO2012164015A1 (fr) * 2011-05-31 2012-12-06 University Of Warwick Construction d'additif
US20130075013A1 (en) * 2011-09-23 2013-03-28 Stratasys, Inc. Layer Transfusion with Rotatable Belt for Additive Manufacturing
WO2013092757A1 (fr) * 2011-12-20 2013-06-27 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Machine et procédé pour la fabrication additive à base de poudre

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WO2012164015A1 (fr) * 2011-05-31 2012-12-06 University Of Warwick Construction d'additif
US20130075013A1 (en) * 2011-09-23 2013-03-28 Stratasys, Inc. Layer Transfusion with Rotatable Belt for Additive Manufacturing
WO2013092757A1 (fr) * 2011-12-20 2013-06-27 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Machine et procédé pour la fabrication additive à base de poudre

Cited By (19)

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