WO2015081475A1

WO2015081475A1 - Phase shifting apparatus based on medium loading

Info

Publication number: WO2015081475A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/088353
Authority: WO
Inventors: 万鹏; 石磊; 余夙琼; 成钢; 杜文谦; 李志鑫
Original assignee: 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司
Priority date: 2013-12-02
Filing date: 2013-12-02
Publication date: 2015-06-11
Also published as: CN104508908B; CN104508908A

Abstract

Disclosed is a phase shifting apparatus based on medium loading. The phase shifting apparatus comprises a feeder and a movable dielectric element neighboring to at least one side of the feeder. The dielectric element comprises two or more separated interactive dielectric sections with certain dielectric constants. The interactive dielectric sections are dynamically overlapped with the feeder. The area of each of the interactive dielectric sections decreases along the direction of inserting into the feeder. Shapes and sizes of the interactive dielectric sections are the same. Dielectric constants, sizes and intervals defined by two relative sides of every two neighboring interactive dielectric sections are determined by a computer optimizing mode, so as to make the reflection of a signal transmitted on the feeder minimum. By using the foregoing implementation mode, linearity performance between the phase shift of the phase shifting apparatus and the medium slippage is good, the phase shift is great, the layout is convenient, and cost is lower.

Description

Phase shifting device based on medium loading

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mobile communication base station antennas, and in particular, to a phase shifting apparatus based on medium loading.

Background technique

[0002] The phase shifter is the core component of the base station ESC antenna, and the existing phase shifter design generally adopts a dielectric sheet loading method, such as the base station ESC antenna described in the patent document ZL200520063505.9 and ZL200620053705.0. The phase shifter uses a dielectric sheet to load the air medium.

[0003] It changes the phase shift amount by changing the degree of insertion of the dielectric sheet, but the design uses a simple shape of the dielectric sheet design, which cannot guarantee the linear relationship between the phase shift amount and the phase shift amount of the medium, and under the large phase shift amount This design is also difficult to ensure a good standing wave; and the design is integrated with the power division network, and the cost is higher and the layout flexibility is insufficient compared with the phase shifter module proposed by the present invention.

Summary of the invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide a phase shifting device based on medium loading, which has good linearity between phase shift amount and medium slip amount, large phase shift amount, convenient layout, and low cost.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a phase shifting device based on medium loading, comprising: a feed line, a dielectric element adjacent to at least one side of the feed line, and movable; the dielectric element comprising Two or more alternating dielectric segments separated and having a certain dielectric constant, the interactive dielectric segments dynamically overlapping the feed line, and at least a portion of the area of the interactive dielectric segments is inserted with the feed line The direction gradually becomes smaller; each of the interactive dielectric segments has the same shape and size; and a dielectric constant of each of the alternating dielectric segments defined by opposite sides of the two adjacent alternating dielectric segments The size and spacing are determined by computer optimization to minimize the reflection of signals conducted on the feeder.

[0006] wherein each of the interactive dielectric segments is made of a material having the same dielectric constant, and at least two of the plurality of interactive dielectric segments have mutually different dielectric constants .

[0007] wherein the number of the interactive dielectric segments is an odd number, and the intermediate dielectric segments are centered, and at least the pair of the interactive dielectric segments having the same symmetrical position on both sides of the central axis have the same interface. An electrical constant, wherein the dielectric constant is different from a dielectric constant of the intermediate dielectric segment in the middle.

[0008] wherein, with a pair as a comparison unit, the dielectric constants of each pair of the alternating dielectric segments at different symmetrical positions on both sides of the central axis are different from each other.

Wherein, the dielectric constant in the direction away from the central axis gradually decreases.

[0010] wherein the number of the interactive dielectric segments is an odd number, and the intermediate dielectric segment is the central axis, and the rest The interactive dielectric segments are asymmetrically placed on both sides of the central axis to achieve fine-tuning of the position.

[0011] wherein, the number of the interactive dielectric segments is an even number, the size of the two intermediate dielectric segments is greater than the remaining interactive dielectric segments, and the two intermediate dielectric segments are The center line between the centers is the center axis, and the remaining interactive dielectric segments are asymmetrically arranged on both sides of the center axis to achieve fine adjustment of the position.

[0012] wherein, at least the intermediate dielectric constant of the alternating dielectric segment is different from the dielectric constant of the remaining alternating dielectric segments.

[0013] wherein the feed line is provided with a gap corresponding to the number of the interactive dielectric segments, wherein the interactive dielectric segment and the feed line dynamically overlap each other at least partially obscure the corresponding position on the feed line gap.

[0014] wherein, when the area covered by the interactive dielectric segment and the dynamic overlap of the feeder reaches a maximum, at least part of the adjacent two adjacent dielectric segments are disposed on the feeder corresponding to the spacing position There are bosses.

[0015] wherein the shape of the interactive dielectric segment is a triangle.

[0016] wherein the dielectric component comprises a substrate, and each of the interactive dielectric segments is formed by extending at least one side of the substrate.

[0017] wherein each of the interactive dielectric segments is composed of at least two parts, each part is made of a material having a different dielectric constant, and at least two of the alternating dielectric segments have different dielectric constants. And, each of the combined dielectric segments has the same shape and size.

[0018] wherein the phase shifting device comprises only one layer of the dielectric component, each of the interactive dielectric segments in the dielectric component is provided with a gap for the feeder to be placed, and interacts with the The movement of the dielectric segments causes the interactive dielectric segments to dynamically overlap with the feed lines, thereby causing the feed lines to be displaced relative to the dielectric elements.

[0019] wherein the phase shifting device comprises two layers of the dielectric elements, two layers of the dielectric elements are spaced apart from each other for the feeder to be placed, and the movement of the interactive dielectric segments is The interactive dielectric segment dynamically overlaps the feed line, thereby causing the feed line to be displaced relative to the dielectric component.

[0020] The phase shifting device of the embodiment of the present invention: each of the interactive dielectric segments of the dielectric component has the same shape, and the area of each of the interactive dielectric segments gradually decreases with the direction of the inserted feed line, so that the dielectric component can be maintained while moving. The phase shift amount is linear with the moving distance of the dielectric element, which is convenient for the antenna to adjust the downtilt angle. In addition, it has the advantages of large phase shifting, convenient layout, and low cost.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a phase shifting device of the present invention.

2 is an exploded perspective view of the phase shifting device of FIG. 1.

3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a dielectric device of a phase shifting device of the present invention.

4 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of an interactive dielectric section in a phase shifting device of the present invention. 5 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of an interactive dielectric section in a phase shifting device of the present invention.

6 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of an interactive dielectric section in a phase shifting device of the present invention.

7 is a schematic exploded view of a fourth embodiment of an interactive dielectric section in a phase shifting device of the present invention.

8 is a schematic view showing the assembled structure of the interactive dielectric section shown in FIG. 7.

9 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a feeder in a phase shifting device of the present invention.

10 is a standing wave graph of the phase shifting device embodiment of FIG. 1. [0030] FIG.

11 is a phase diagram of an embodiment of the phase shifting device of FIG. 1.

detailed description

[0032] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a phase shifting device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a bottom plate 1, a feed line 2 disposed on the bottom plate 1, and a movable side adjacent to at least one side of the feed line 2. The dielectric member 3 further includes an upper cover (not shown). The bottom plate 1 can usually be selected from a metal bottom plate; the feed line 2 can usually be an air strip line, an air micro strip line or a PCB microstrip line. Of course, it can also be other, the choice of the material of the bottom plate 1 and the choice of the type of the feed line 2 It is only an example and is not specifically limited.

[0034] The dielectric element 3 comprises two or more alternating dielectric segments 30 separated by a certain dielectric constant.

[0035] The number of the dielectric elements 3 can be set to only one piece. By forming a gap in the middle of each of the interactive dielectric segments 30 in the dielectric element 3, and inserting the gap into the feed line 2, an interactive dielectric section can also be realized. The purpose of dynamic overlap between the 30 and the feed line 2; or alternatively, each of the interactive dielectric segments 30 of the dielectric element 3 does not have a gap, and the feed line 2 is directly disposed above or below the dielectric element 3.

[0036] Continuing with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, generally, the number of the dielectric elements 3 can be set to two, the two dielectric elements 3 are oppositely disposed and spaced apart by a distance, and the interval between the two dielectric elements 3 is It is used to place the feed line 2, thereby enabling dynamic overlap between the interactive dielectric section 30 and the feed line 2. The two dielectric elements 3 can be detachably connected together through the connecting bracket 4 of the phase shifting device. The structure is provided as two dielectric elements 3 and connected by connecting the brackets 4, the structure is simple, the implementation is convenient, and the interactive dielectric segments 30 of the same or different shapes, sizes, numbers or dielectric constants are conveniently replaced, and The spacing between two adjacent interactive dielectric segments 30 can be conveniently adjusted.

[0037] The operation principle of using one or two dielectric elements 3 is the same: that is, with the movement of the interactive dielectric section 30, the interactive dielectric section 30 is dynamically overlapped with the feed line 2, so that the feed line 2 is opposite to the dielectric element 3. Displacement, when the overlapping area of each of the interactive dielectric segments 30 and the feed line 2 changes, the overlapping area is uniformly increased, the phase shift amount is uniformly increased, the overlapping area is uniformly reduced, and the phase shift amount is uniformly smaller, thereby causing the feeder line. 2 corresponding changes in the transmitted signal. Compared to the use of only one dielectric element 3, the use of two dielectric elements 3, the phase shifting speed is relatively faster. [0038] Throughout the text, each of the interactive dielectric segments 30 has the same structure, that is, the shape and size of each of the interactive dielectric segments 30 are the same. The area of each of the interactive dielectric segments 30 gradually decreases with the direction of the insertion of the feed line 2. In a specific application embodiment, the shape of the interactive dielectric segment 30 can be designed as a triangle with a regular shape, for example, an interactive dielectric. Segment 30 can be an equilateral triangle (as shown in Figure 4), an isosceles triangle (as shown in Figure 5), although other types of triangles can be designed according to computer optimization. In addition, designing the top end of the triangle as a circular arc structure or designing a rectangle at the top end of the triangle (as shown in FIG. 6) can also solve the technical problem to be solved by the present invention. At this time, the interactive dielectric section shown in FIG. When the interactive dielectric segment and the feeder are dynamically overlapped, the area of the rectangle at the top of the triangle does not change with the area of the feeder, and the area where the other portion overlaps with the feeder gradually becomes smaller. Each of the interactive dielectric segments 30 is designed as a triangle having the same shape, which is relatively simple to implement, and the linear phase relationship between the phase shift amount change and the moving distance of the dielectric member 3 is satisfied. Of course, the shape of the interactive dielectric section 30 is not limited to a triangle, and other irregular shapes determined by a computer optimization manner can also solve the technical problem to be solved by the present invention, which will not be described herein.

[0039] In the above embodiment, the dielectric constants, sizes, and intervals of the respective interactive dielectric segments 30 defined by the opposite sides of the two adjacent interactive dielectric segments 30 are determined by a computer optimization method so that the signals are on the feeders. The reflection on conduction on 2 is minimal. Specifically, according to the dielectric constant of each of the interactive dielectric segments 30, the spacing, position order, shape, size, and moving distance between the interactive dielectric segments 30 can be optimized. Similarly, according to each interactive dielectric segment The spacing between 30, the positional order, the shape, the size, the moving distance, etc., can optimize the dielectric constant of each of the interactive dielectric segments 30 in reverse.

[0040] The phase shifting device of the embodiment of the present invention: each of the interactive dielectric segments 30 of the dielectric element 3 has the same shape, and the area of each of the interactive dielectric segments 30 gradually decreases with the direction of the inserted feed line 2, enabling the dielectric component 3 When moving, the amount of phase shift can be kept linear with the moving distance of the dielectric element 3, which is convenient for the antenna to adjust the downtilt angle. In addition, it has the advantages of large phase shifting, convenient layout, and low cost.

[0041] In another specific application embodiment, referring still to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the phase shifting device may further include a track bracket 5, the track bracket 5 is provided with a moving rail 6, and the connecting bracket 4 is provided with a sliding pillar 7 The dielectric element 3 slides within the moving rail 6 and is restrained by the sliding strut 7.

In other application embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3, the dielectric component 3 may include a substrate 100, and each of the interactive dielectric segments 30 is extended from at least one side of the substrate 100. The substrate 100 functions as the connection bracket 4 described above, and has a simple structure and can be integrally formed, thereby saving the installation time of the phase shifting device.

[0043] In a specific application embodiment, each of the interactive dielectric segments 30 may be made of the same dielectric constant material, and of the plurality of interactive dielectric segments 30, at least two of the interactive dielectric segments 30 The dielectric constants are different from each other. The number of the interactive dielectric segments 30 can be set to an odd number or an even number. For example, it can be divided into the following implementation manners. The description of the description of the interactive dielectric section 30 is mainly based on the premise that the shapes are the same: [0044] Method one:

[0045] As shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 5, and FIG. 6, when the number of the interactive dielectric segments 30 is an odd number, the intermediate interactive dielectric segment 30 is the central axis, and at least each pair of the symmetric positions on both sides of the central axis interacts. The dielectric segments 30 have the same dielectric constant, and the dielectric constants of the alternating dielectric segments 30 on the sides are different from the dielectric constant of the intermediate dielectric segments 30. Preferably, except for the intermediate interactive dielectric segment 30, the dielectric constants of each pair of interactive dielectric segments 30 at different symmetrical positions on both sides of the central axis are different from each other. In this case, for each understanding, each pair of interactive dielectrics is Segment 30 serves as a comparison unit. Among them, the dielectric constant of the interactive dielectric section 30 in the direction away from the central axis is gradually reduced for the convenience of production. For example, taking the number of interactive dielectric segments as 5, the dielectric constant of each interactive dielectric segment from left to right can be selected as (1) 2.5, 4.4, 6.5, 4.4, 2.5; (2) 2.5 3.9, 4.4, 3.9, 2.5; (3) 2.1, 3.6, 4.4, 3.6, 2.1 Any of the three combinations to meet different needs. Of course, depending on the actual needs, it is also possible to set different dielectric constant combinations in other cases, and there is no excessive limit here.

[0046] In this manner, the number of the interactive dielectric segments 30 is set to an odd number, and the plurality of interactive dielectric segments 30 are centered on the intermediate interactive dielectric segment 30, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the central axis, and the setting is relatively simple. The product structure is easy to implement, and the size of the phase shifting device is small.

[0047] Method 2:

[0048] Compared with the first method, each of the interactive dielectric segments 30 can be set to a smaller size in the second mode. For example, the area of one of the interactive dielectric segments 30 in the first mode is S, and in the manner In the second embodiment, three interactive dielectric segments 30 of area (1/3) S are set to achieve equivalent replacement. The second method is as follows:

[0049] (1) The number of the interactive dielectric segments 30 is an odd number, and the intermediate interactive dielectric segment 30 is still centered, and the remaining interactive dielectric segments 30 are asymmetrically disposed on both sides of the central axis, through the interactive dielectric segments. The fine adjustment of the position in 30 further fine-tunes the phase shift amount to meet the needs of the user.

[0050] (2) The number of the interactive dielectric segments 30 is an even number, and the two intermediate dielectric segments 30 are the same size and larger than the interactive dielectric segments 30 on both sides, and the two intermediate dielectric segments are The center line between 30 is the central axis, and the alternating dielectric segments 30 on both sides can also be asymmetrically arranged on both sides of the central axis, or the phase shifting amount can be finely adjusted by finely adjusting the position of the interactive dielectric section 30. , to meet the needs of users.

In the second mode, at least the dielectric constant of the intermediate dielectric segment 30 and the dielectric constant of the remaining interactive dielectric segments 30 are different from each other.

[0052] Referring to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, in a specific application embodiment, each of the interactive dielectric segments 30 may be composed of at least two parts, each part being made of a material having a different dielectric constant, and at least two of them. The dielectric constants of the alternating dielectric segments 30 are different from each other, and the combined dielectric segments 30 are identical in shape and size. For example, as shown in Figure 7, Each of the interactive dielectric segments 30 can be formed by stacking the first portion 31 and the second portion 32 made of different dielectric constant materials, and the individual interactive dielectric segments 30 of the stacked composition have the same shape and the same size (ie, The thickness is the same. When the dielectric constant of each of the individual interactive dielectric segments 30 is combined to satisfy the dielectric constant calculated by the computer optimization method, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention can be solved as well. Moreover, the same interactive dielectric segment 30 is configured to be stacked in multiple portions, and the dielectric constant can be adjusted according to different phase shifting requirements. For example, when a larger dielectric constant is required, one or more dielectric layers can be used. A portion having a larger electric constant but lower than the target value is used as a base portion, and one or more portions having a small dielectric constant are superposed on the base portion to perform fine adjustment, thereby assembling into a complete interactive dielectric segment 30.

Referring to FIG. 9, in a specific application embodiment, the feeder 2 is provided with a notch 8 corresponding to the number of the interactive dielectric segments 30, and the interactive dielectric segment 30 and the feeder 2 are dynamically overlapped at least partially corresponding to the feeder 2 Position gap 8. Each of the interactive dielectric segments 30 does not necessarily need to correspond to a gap 8, and the size and shape of the gaps 8 are not necessarily the same. The design of the parameters of the gap 8 can also be obtained according to a computer optimized method. By adding a gap 8 on the feeder 2, the gap 8 can participate in impedance matching, bringing the standing wave bandwidth to an optimum state and reducing the reflection of the signal conducted on the feeder 2.

In addition, the notch 8 may be replaced with a boss (not shown), wherein the position of the boss is different from the position of the notch 8. When the area covered by the dynamic overlap between the interactive dielectric section 30 and the feed line 2 is maximized, the feeder 2 corresponding to the interval between at least some of the two adjacent interactive dielectric sections 30 is provided with a boss. Specifically, the boss is still disposed on the feeder 2, and the boss is disposed on the corresponding feeder 2 between the adjacent two interactive dielectric segments 30, even if the area covered by the dynamic overlapping of the dielectric segment 30 and the feeder 2 is maximized. The interactive dielectric section 30 also does not block the boss. The number, size, and shape of the bosses can also be determined by computer optimization and are not specifically limited. Adding a boss on the feeder 2 is beneficial to the standing wave debugging.

[0055] In the above embodiment, when the distance between each adjacent two interactive dielectric segments 30 is set to a small value, the phase shifting device can satisfy the use of the high frequency band 1710~2690 MHz; When the distance between the segments 30 is reached, the phase shifting device can be extended to use in the low frequency band of 698 to 960 MHz, and the appropriate distance between each adjacent two interactive dielectric segments 30 is determined according to a computer optimized manner.

Referring to FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, wherein, in FIG. 10, line A indicates that the interactive dielectric segment does not cover the feeder, line B indicates the intermediate dielectric feeder of the interactive dielectric segment, and line C indicates that the interactive dielectric segment is the widest. Partially covering the feeder, Figure 10 shows that the three curves represent better phase-shifting performance of the phase-shifting device during phase shifting (standing wave value < 1.16). Figure 11 shows that when the interactive dielectric section 30 moves at equal intervals, the phase obtained is linearly uniform (at any frequency, the medium moves equally, the signal passes through the phase shifter, and the phase angle changes are also advanced or delayed), phase The linearity is very good (in the frequency band, the phase angle varies linearly with frequency). The above are only the embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and the equivalent structure or equivalent process transformations made by the description of the present invention and the drawings are directly or indirectly applied to other related The technical field is equally included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

claims

1. A phase-shifting device based on medium loading, characterized by including:

Feeder line, a movable dielectric element adjacent to at least one side of the feed line;

The dielectric element includes two or more separated alternating dielectric segments with a certain dielectric constant, the alternating dielectric segments dynamically overlap with the feeder, and, at least part of the area of the alternating dielectric segments It gradually becomes smaller with the direction in which the feeder is inserted;

Each of said interactive dielectric segments is of the same shape and size;

Moreover, the dielectric constant, size and spacing of each interactive dielectric segment defined by the opposite sides of two adjacent interactive dielectric segments are determined by computer optimization to allow signals to be conducted on the feeder line The reflection is minimal.

2. The phase shifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

Each of the interactive dielectric segments is made of a material with the same dielectric constant. Among the plurality of interactive dielectric segments, at least two of the interactive dielectric segments have different dielectric constants.

3. The phase shifting device according to claim 2, characterized in that:

The number of the interactive dielectric segments is an odd number, with the middle interactive dielectric segment as the central axis, and at least each pair of the interactive dielectric segments at the same symmetrical position on both sides of the central axis has the same dielectric constant, where, This dielectric constant is different from the dielectric constant of the intermediate alternating dielectric segments.

4. The phase shifting device according to claim 3, characterized in that:

Taking a pair as a comparison unit, the dielectric constants of each pair of interactive dielectric segments at different symmetrical positions on both sides of the central axis are different from each other.

5. The phase shifting device according to claim 4, characterized in that:

The dielectric constant gradually decreases in the direction away from the central axis.

6. The phase shifting device according to claim 2, characterized in that:

The number of the interactive dielectric segments is an odd number, with the middle interactive dielectric segment as the central axis, and the remaining interactive dielectric segments are asymmetrically arranged on both sides of the central axis to achieve position fine adjustment.

7. The phase shifting device according to claim 2, characterized in that:

The number of the interactive dielectric segments is an even number, the size of the two middle interactive dielectric segments is larger than the remaining interactive dielectric segments, and the center line between the middle two interactive dielectric segments is The remaining interactive dielectric segments are arranged asymmetrically on both sides of the central axis to achieve fine-tuning of the position.

8. The phase shifting device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that:

At least the middle alternating dielectric segment has a dielectric constant different from the dielectric constants of the remaining alternating dielectric segments.

9. The phase shifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

The feeder line is provided with gaps corresponding to the number of the interactive dielectric sections, wherein the interactive dielectric sections and the feeder line move Claims

When the state overlaps, the gap at the corresponding position on the feeder is at least partially blocked.

10. The phase shifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

When the area covered by the dynamic overlap between the interactive dielectric segments and the feeder lines reaches the maximum, at least part of the feeders are provided with bosses corresponding to the spacing between the two adjacent interactive dielectric segments.

11. The phase shifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

The interactive dielectric segments are triangular in shape.

12. The phase shifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

The dielectric component includes a substrate, and each of the interactive dielectric segments extends from at least one side of the substrate.

13. The phase shifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

Each of the interactive dielectric segments is composed of at least two parts, each part is made of a material with a different dielectric constant, at least two of the interactive dielectric segments have dielectric constants that are different from each other, and, in combination, Each of the interactive dielectric segments formed has the same shape and size.

14. The phase shifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

The phase shifting device only includes one piece of the dielectric element, and each of the alternating dielectric segments in the dielectric element has a gap for the feeder to be inserted, and with the movement of the alternating dielectric segment, The interactive dielectric segment dynamically overlaps the feeder, thereby causing relative displacement between the feeder and the dielectric element.

15. The phase shifting device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

The phase shifting device includes two upper and lower dielectric elements. There is a certain distance between the two dielectric elements for the feeder to be placed, and with the movement of the interactive dielectric section, the interactive dielectric section The segment dynamically overlaps with the feed line, thereby causing relative displacement between the feed line and the dielectric element.