WO2015075793A1 - Exhaust purification device and regeneration method therefor - Google Patents
Exhaust purification device and regeneration method therefor Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015075793A1 WO2015075793A1 PCT/JP2013/081317 JP2013081317W WO2015075793A1 WO 2015075793 A1 WO2015075793 A1 WO 2015075793A1 JP 2013081317 W JP2013081317 W JP 2013081317W WO 2015075793 A1 WO2015075793 A1 WO 2015075793A1
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- exhaust
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- flange
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- control device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
- F01N13/1838—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly characterised by the type of connection between parts of exhaust or silencing apparatus, e.g. between housing and tubes, between tubes and baffles
- F01N13/1844—Mechanical joints
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/0231—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using special exhaust apparatus upstream of the filter for producing nitrogen dioxide, e.g. for continuous filter regeneration systems [CRT]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/105—General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
- F01N3/106—Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
- F01N2450/30—Removable or rechangeable blocks or cartridges, e.g. for filters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification device for removing particulate matter (Particulate Matter, hereinafter referred to as “PM”) in exhaust gas and a method for regenerating the exhaust gas purification device.
- PM particulate Matter
- a diesel oxidation catalyst (hereinafter referred to as “DOC”) is provided from upstream to downstream of the exhaust pipe. It is known that a converter and a diesel particulate filter (Diesel Particulate Filer, hereinafter referred to as “DPF”) are disposed.
- the DOC converter oxidizes nitrogen monoxide (NO) in the exhaust to nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) having excellent oxidation ability, and the DPF oxidizes (incinerates) PM using NO 2 .
- NO 2 nitrogen dioxide
- the DPF oxidizes (incinerates) PM using NO 2 .
- the DPF is continuously regenerated.
- the DOC converter oxidizes the fuel and raises the temperature of the exhaust gas so that the PM accumulated in the DPF is oxidized. Perform forced regeneration processing.
- the exhaust inflow side of the DOC converter is exposed to the PM in the exhaust and is also exposed to the fuel during the forced regeneration process of the DPF. For this reason, clogging due to PM or fuel can occur on the exhaust inflow side of the DOC converter where the temperature rise due to the oxidation reaction is small. When such clogging occurs, the oxidation performance of NO or fuel in the DOC converter is reduced, so that the DPF regeneration process may be insufficient.
- a method of periodically increasing the temperature of exhaust gas to eliminate clogging can be considered, but since fuel is consumed in excess, fuel consumption is reduced.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust purification device and a regeneration method thereof that can perform regeneration processing of a DOC converter without causing a reduction in fuel consumption.
- the exhaust purification device includes a DOC converter housed in a casing that is detachably attached to an exhaust pipe of a diesel engine via a flange, and a DPF that removes PM in the exhaust. Arranged in order.
- the regeneration process of the DOC converter is executed, the casing is removed from the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine, and the casing is attached to the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine with the exhaust inflow side and the exhaust outflow side of the DOC converter reversed. And the regeneration process of a DOC converter is performed using the oxidation heat of a DOC converter.
- the exhaust emission control device has a casing that can be attached to and detached from the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine and can be switched between the exhaust inflow side and the exhaust outflow side.
- the exhaust emission control device further includes a DOC converter housed in the casing, and a DPF disposed in an exhaust pipe located downstream of the exhaust.
- the regeneration processing of the DOC converter can be executed without causing a reduction in fuel consumption.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of an engine system including an exhaust purification device.
- An intake pipe 120 connected to the intake manifold 110 of the diesel engine 100 includes an air cleaner 130 that filters dust and the like in the intake air along a direction of intake air flow, a compressor 142 of the turbocharger 140 that supercharges intake air, and a compressor 142.
- An intercooler 150 that cools the intake air that has passed and an intake collector 160 that smoothes the intake pulsation are arranged in this order.
- the exhaust pipe 180 connected to the exhaust manifold 170 of the diesel engine 100 is injected with a turbine 144 of the turbocharger 140, a continuously regenerating DPF device 190, and a urea aqueous solution as a reducing agent precursor along the exhaust flow direction.
- An injection nozzle 200 to be supplied, an SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) converter 210 for selectively reducing and purifying NOx upon receiving supply of ammonia generated from the urea aqueous solution, and an oxidation catalytic converter 220 for oxidizing the ammonia that has passed through the SCR converter 210 are in this order. Arranged.
- the continuous regeneration type DPF device 190 includes a DOC converter 192 that oxidizes NO and fuel, and a DPF 194 that removes PM.
- DPF 194 CSF (Catalyzed Soot Filter) having a catalyst (active component and additive component) supported on its surface can be used.
- the aqueous urea solution stored in the reducing agent tank 230 is supplied to the injection nozzle 200 via a reducing agent addition unit 240 having a built-in pump and flow control valve.
- the reducing agent addition unit 240 may be divided into a pump module with a built-in pump and a dosing module with a built-in flow control valve.
- a fuel addition nozzle 250 for adding fuel to the exhaust upstream of the DOC converter 192 is attached to the exhaust pipe 180 positioned upstream of the exhaust of the continuous regeneration type DPF device 190 when the DPF 194 is forcibly regenerated.
- the fuel addition nozzle 250 is supplied with fuel that has been regulated to a predetermined pressure by a supply pump (not shown).
- a flow rate control valve 270 that controls the flow rate of fuel added from the fuel addition nozzle 250 is disposed in the fuel pipe 260 that supplies fuel to the fuel addition nozzle 250.
- the flow control valve 270 for example, an open / close valve that simply opens and closes the fuel pipe 260, a control valve that makes the fuel passage cross-sectional area of the fuel pipe 260 variable, or the like can be used.
- a temperature sensor 280 for measuring the exhaust gas temperature is attached to the exhaust pipe 180 located between the continuous regeneration type DPF device 190 and the injection nozzle 200 in order to grasp the active state of the SCR converter 210.
- the output signal of the temperature sensor 280 is input to a reducing agent addition control unit (DCU: Dosing Control Unit) 290 incorporating a computer.
- the DCU 290 electronically controls the diesel engine 100 via an in-vehicle network such as CAN (Controller Area Network) so that the rotation speed and load as an example of the engine operating state can be read at an arbitrary time.
- a unit (ECU: Engine Control Unit) 300 is communicably connected.
- the DCU 290 executes a control program stored in a non-volatile memory such as a flash ROM (Read Only Memory), so that the reducing agent addition unit 240 and the flow control valve 270 are based on the exhaust temperature, the rotation speed, and the load. Each is electronically controlled.
- a non-volatile memory such as a flash ROM (Read Only Memory)
- a state quantity closely related to the engine torque such as a fuel injection amount, an intake air flow rate, an intake pressure, a supercharging pressure, and an accelerator opening degree can be used.
- the rotational speed and load of the diesel engine 100 may be directly detected using a known sensor instead of reading from the ECU 300.
- exhaust from the diesel engine 100 is introduced into the DOC converter 192 of the continuous regeneration type DPF device 190 through the exhaust manifold 170 and the turbine 144 of the turbocharger 140.
- the exhaust gas introduced into the DOC converter 192 flows to the DPF 194 while NO is oxidized to NO 2 .
- NO is oxidized to NO 2 .
- PM in the exhaust gas is removed, and PM is continuously oxidized (incinerated) using NO 2 generated by the DOC converter 192.
- the urea aqueous solution supplied (added) from the injection nozzle 200 according to the engine operating state is hydrolyzed using exhaust heat and water vapor in the exhaust, and converted into ammonia that functions as a reducing agent. It is known that this ammonia is selectively reduced with NOx in the exhaust gas in the SCR converter 210 and purified to harmless H 2 O (water) and N 2 (nitrogen). At this time, NO is oxidized to NO 2 by the DOC converter 192, and the ratio of NO to NO 2 in the exhaust gas is improved to be suitable for the selective reduction reaction, so that the NOx purification rate in the SCR converter 210 is improved. be able to.
- the ammonia that has passed through the SCR converter 210 is oxidized by the oxidation catalyst converter 220 disposed downstream of the exhaust gas, so that it is possible to suppress the ammonia from being released into the atmosphere as it is.
- the exhaust emission control device communicates the first casing 400 having a cylindrical shape, the second casing 420 having the same cylindrical shape, and the distal ends of the first casing 400 and the second casing 420 with each other. And a communication pipe 440 to be made.
- the first casing 400 and the second casing 420 are arranged in close proximity to each other so that the axis 400A and the axis 420A are substantially parallel (they may be just parallel in appearance, and so on).
- the communication pipe 440 is also piped such that its axis 440A is substantially parallel to the axis 400A of the first casing 400 and the axis 420A of the second casing 420.
- the first casing 400, the second casing 420, and the communication pipe 440 correspond to a part of the exhaust pipe 180 of the diesel engine 100.
- an inlet 402 is formed at the exhaust upstream end, and an outlet 404 is formed at the exhaust downstream end.
- the inlet 402 is formed on the end surface of the exhaust upstream end, and the outlet 404 is formed on the side surface of the exhaust downstream end.
- the DOC converter 192 and the DPF 194 are accommodated in the first casing 400 positioned between the inlet 402 and the outlet 404, respectively.
- an inlet 422 is formed at the exhaust upstream end, and an outlet 424 is formed at the exhaust downstream end.
- both the inflow port 422 and the discharge port 424 are respectively formed on the side surfaces of the end portions.
- the SCR converter 210 and the oxidation catalyst converter 220 are accommodated in the second casing 420 located between the inlet 422 and the outlet 424, respectively.
- the communication pipe 440 is the exhaust downstream downstream end of the first casing 400, which is the far ends of the first casing 400 and the second casing 420, in other words, the far ends positioned on opposite sides of each other.
- the inflow port 422 at the exhaust upstream end of the second housing 420 are in communication with each other. Therefore, the exhaust from the diesel engine 100 flows into the first housing 400 from the inlet 402, passes through the DOC converter 192 and the DPF 194, and enters the communication pipe 440 from the outlet 404. Then, the exhaust gas that has entered the communication pipe 440 flows into the second casing 420 from the inlet 422 through the communication pipe 440, passes through the SCR converter 210 and the oxidation catalyst converter 220, and is discharged from the outlet 424. The That is, the exhaust passage from the first housing 400 to the second housing 420 via the communication pipe 440 is folded once by the communication pipe 440.
- the communication pipe 440 is a straight straight pipe having bent portions formed at both ends for connection between the discharge port 404 of the first housing 400 and the inlet 422 of the second housing 420. Then, the injection nozzle 200 is attached to a bent portion with respect to the discharge port 404, and the urea aqueous solution is injected and supplied from the injection nozzle 200 into the linear pipe. Thereby, the linear length required for the uniform diffusion of the urea aqueous solution into the exhaust gas is secured.
- a mesh-like diffusion member can be installed in the communication pipe 440.
- the first casing 400 and the second casing 420 are arranged close to each other in parallel, so that the silhouette has a compact size similar to a square muffler. Further, since the far ends of the first casing 400 and the second casing 420 are communicated with each other by the communication pipe 440, the first casing 400 and the first casing 400 and the second casing 420 are secured while ensuring the tube length necessary for the uniform diffusion of the urea aqueous solution.
- the communication pipe 440 can be accommodated in the silhouette of the second housing 420. For this reason, it has succeeded in reducing the size of the length direction from exhaust upstream to downstream.
- the first casing 400 houses a first casing 406 having an inlet 402 formed on an end surface, a second casing 408 that houses a DOC converter 192, and a DPF 194.
- the third casing 410 can be divided into three parts.
- the first casing 406 has a substantially bottomed cylindrical shape, and a substantially annular flange 406A is formed at the open end.
- the second casing 408 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and substantially annular flanges 408A are formed at both ends in the axial direction.
- the third casing 410 has a substantially bottomed cylindrical shape.
- a substantially annular flange 410A is formed at the opening end of the third casing 410, and a discharge port 404 is formed on the side surface of the end located on the opposite side of the flange 410A.
- the 2nd casing 408 is mentioned as an example of the casing removably attached to an exhaust pipe via a flange.
- the DOC converter 192 includes a substantially cylindrical carrier 192A having a diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the second casing 408, and a substantially annular flange 192B formed at one end of the carrier 192A in the axial direction. That is, the DOC converter 192 is formed into a cartridge so as to be detachably inserted into the second casing 408.
- the carrier 192A carries a catalyst (active component and additive component) that exhibits an oxidation function.
- the flange 406A of the first casing 406, the pair of flanges 408A of the second casing 408, the flange 410A of the third casing 410, and the flange 192B of the DOC converter 192 include a bolt shaft portion of the fastener 500 including bolts and nuts. A plurality of insertion holes through which are inserted. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 5, the DOC converter 192 is accommodated in the second casing 408, and the flanges 408A at both ends thereof are brought into contact with the flange 406A of the first casing 406 and the flange 410A of the third casing 410.
- the first housing 400 can be assembled by contacting the bolt shaft portion through the insertion hole and screwing the nut.
- the DOC converter 192 is fixed to the first casing 400 by the flange 192B being sandwiched between the flange 406A of the first casing 406 and one flange 408A of the second casing 408. Yes.
- the flange 192B of the DOC converter 192 is fastened together by the fastener 500 that fastens the flange 406A of the first casing 406 and the flange 408A of the second casing 408, the fastening operation is facilitated. Can do.
- a gasket 510 having a substantially annular shape may be sandwiched.
- the exhaust inflow side of the carrier 192A of the DOC converter 192 is exposed to the PM in the exhaust and to the fuel during the forced regeneration process of the DPF 194. For this reason, when the exhaust purification device is used for a long time, PM or fuel accumulates on the exhaust inflow side of the DOC converter 192, and clogging may occur when this exceeds the allowable value.
- the reproduction process of the DOC converter 192 can be executed by performing the following work every time a predetermined period elapses. That is, an operator such as a service factory removes the fastener 500 from the first casing 400, and makes the first casing 406, the second casing 408, the third casing 410, and the DOC converter 192 separable. Then, the operator removes the second casing 408 in which the DOC converter 192 is accommodated from the first casing 400, and reverses the exhaust inflow side and the exhaust outflow side of the DOC converter 192 as shown in FIG. In this state, the first housing 400 is assembled by the fastener 500.
- the portion where PM or fuel is deposited comes to be located on the exhaust gas outlet side.
- NO is oxidized to NO 2 and the temperature of the exhaust gas rises
- the portion where PM or fuel is deposited is exposed to high-temperature exhaust gas.
- the regeneration process of the DOC converter 192 can be executed. The same applies when the DOC converter 192 oxidizes fuel during forced regeneration of the DPF 194.
- the DOC converter 192 may be integrated with the second casing 408, for example, may be fixed to the second casing 408 via a holder 520.
- the upstream side and the downstream side of the second casing 408 may be turned over as shown in FIG.
- the description is abbreviate
- the continuous regeneration type DPF device 190, the SCR converter 210, and the oxidation catalyst converter 220 are disposed in the exhaust pipe 180, but at least the continuous regeneration type DPF device 190 is disposed in the exhaust pipe 180. It only has to be.
- the first casing 400 and the second casing 420 are arranged in parallel, but the first casing 400 and the second casing 420 are arranged in series. It may be.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
Abstract
An exhaust purification device wherein a DOC converter, which is housed in a casing capable of being attached in a detachable manner via a flange, and a DPF that removes particulate matter (PM) in the exhaust, are arranged in this order in an exhaust pipe of a diesel engine. When a regeneration process for the DOC converter is to be executed, the casing is detached from the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine, after which the casing is attached to the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine with the exhaust inflow side and the exhaust outflow side of the DOC converter reversed. Thus, the oxidation heat of the DOC converter is used to execute the regeneration process for the DOC converter.
Description
本発明は、排気中の粒子状物質(Particulate Matter、以下「PM」という。)を除去する排気浄化装置及びその再生方法に関する。
The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification device for removing particulate matter (Particulate Matter, hereinafter referred to as “PM”) in exhaust gas and a method for regenerating the exhaust gas purification device.
排気中のPMを除去する排気浄化装置として、特開2010-116913号公報(特許文献1)に記載されるように、排気管の上流から下流にかけて、ディーゼル酸化触媒(Diesel Oxidation Catalyst、以下「DOC」という。)コンバータ及びディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ(Diesel Particulate Filer、以下「DPF」という。)を配設したものが知られている。この排気浄化装置では、DOCコンバータが排気中の一酸化窒素(NO)を酸化能力の優れた二酸化窒素(NO2)に酸化させると共に、DPFがNO2を使用してPMを酸化(焼却)させることで、DPFを連続的に再生する。また、この排気浄化装置は、DPFに堆積したPMが許容値を越えたときに、DOCコンバータが燃料を酸化させて排気の温度を上昇させることで、DPFに堆積したPMを酸化させる、DPFの強制再生処理を実行する。
As an exhaust gas purification device that removes PM in exhaust gas, as described in JP 2010-116913 A (Patent Document 1), a diesel oxidation catalyst (hereinafter referred to as “DOC”) is provided from upstream to downstream of the exhaust pipe. It is known that a converter and a diesel particulate filter (Diesel Particulate Filer, hereinafter referred to as “DPF”) are disposed. In this exhaust purification apparatus, the DOC converter oxidizes nitrogen monoxide (NO) in the exhaust to nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) having excellent oxidation ability, and the DPF oxidizes (incinerates) PM using NO 2 . Thus, the DPF is continuously regenerated. In addition, when the PM accumulated in the DPF exceeds an allowable value, the DOC converter oxidizes the fuel and raises the temperature of the exhaust gas so that the PM accumulated in the DPF is oxidized. Perform forced regeneration processing.
ところで、DOCコンバータの排気流入側は、排気中のPMに晒されると共に、DPFの強制再生処理の実行中に燃料に晒されることとなる。このため、酸化反応による温度上昇が少ないDOCコンバータの排気流入側には、PM又は燃料に起因する目詰まりが発生し得る。このような目詰まりが発生した場合、DOCコンバータにおけるNO又は燃料の酸化能力が低下するため、DPFの再生処理が不十分となるおそれがある。DOCコンバータを再生するために、排気の温度を定期的に上昇させて目詰まりを解消する方法が考えられるが、燃料を余分に消費するので、燃費低下を来してしまう。
By the way, the exhaust inflow side of the DOC converter is exposed to the PM in the exhaust and is also exposed to the fuel during the forced regeneration process of the DPF. For this reason, clogging due to PM or fuel can occur on the exhaust inflow side of the DOC converter where the temperature rise due to the oxidation reaction is small. When such clogging occurs, the oxidation performance of NO or fuel in the DOC converter is reduced, so that the DPF regeneration process may be insufficient. In order to regenerate the DOC converter, a method of periodically increasing the temperature of exhaust gas to eliminate clogging can be considered, but since fuel is consumed in excess, fuel consumption is reduced.
そこで、本発明は、燃費低下を来さずにDOCコンバータの再生処理を実行可能な、排気浄化装置及びその再生方法を提供することを目的とする。
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust purification device and a regeneration method thereof that can perform regeneration processing of a DOC converter without causing a reduction in fuel consumption.
本実施形態の一態様では、排気浄化装置は、ディーゼルエンジンの排気管に、フランジを介して着脱可能に取り付けられるケーシングに収容されたDOCコンバータと、排気中のPMを除去するDPFと、がこの順番で配設されている。DOCコンバータの再生処理を実行するときには、ディーゼルエンジンの排気管からケーシングを取り外し、DOCコンバータの排気流入側と排気流出側とを逆にした状態で、ケーシングをディーゼルエンジンの排気管に取り付ける。そして、DOCコンバータの酸化熱を利用して、DOCコンバータの再生処理を実行する。
In one aspect of the present embodiment, the exhaust purification device includes a DOC converter housed in a casing that is detachably attached to an exhaust pipe of a diesel engine via a flange, and a DPF that removes PM in the exhaust. Arranged in order. When the regeneration process of the DOC converter is executed, the casing is removed from the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine, and the casing is attached to the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine with the exhaust inflow side and the exhaust outflow side of the DOC converter reversed. And the regeneration process of a DOC converter is performed using the oxidation heat of a DOC converter.
本実施形態の他の態様では、排気浄化装置は、ディーゼルエンジンの排気管に対して、着脱可能かつ排気流入側と排気流出側とを入替可能に取り付けられるケーシングを有する。また、排気浄化装置は、ケーシングに収容されたDOCコンバータと、その排気下流に位置する排気管に配設されたDPFと、を更に有する。
In another aspect of the present embodiment, the exhaust emission control device has a casing that can be attached to and detached from the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine and can be switched between the exhaust inflow side and the exhaust outflow side. The exhaust emission control device further includes a DOC converter housed in the casing, and a DPF disposed in an exhaust pipe located downstream of the exhaust.
本発明によれば、燃費低下を来さずに、DOCコンバータの再生処理を実行することができる。
According to the present invention, the regeneration processing of the DOC converter can be executed without causing a reduction in fuel consumption.
以下、添付された図面を参照し、本発明を実施するための実施形態について詳述する。
図1は、排気浄化装置を備えたエンジンシステムの一例を示す。 Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an example of an engine system including an exhaust purification device.
図1は、排気浄化装置を備えたエンジンシステムの一例を示す。 Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an example of an engine system including an exhaust purification device.
ディーゼルエンジン100の吸気マニフォールド110に接続された吸気管120には、吸気流通方向に沿って、吸気中の埃などを濾過するエアクリーナ130、吸気を過給するターボチャージャ140のコンプレッサ142、コンプレッサ142を通過した吸気を冷却するインタークーラ150、吸気脈動を平滑化する吸気コレクタ160がこの順番で配設される。
An intake pipe 120 connected to the intake manifold 110 of the diesel engine 100 includes an air cleaner 130 that filters dust and the like in the intake air along a direction of intake air flow, a compressor 142 of the turbocharger 140 that supercharges intake air, and a compressor 142. An intercooler 150 that cools the intake air that has passed and an intake collector 160 that smoothes the intake pulsation are arranged in this order.
一方、ディーゼルエンジン100の排気マニフォールド170に接続された排気管180には、排気流通方向に沿って、ターボチャージャ140のタービン144、連続再生式DPF装置190、還元剤前駆体としての尿素水溶液を噴射供給する噴射ノズル200、尿素水溶液から生成されるアンモニアの供給を受けてNOxを選択還元浄化するSCR(Selective Catalytic Reduction)コンバータ210、SCRコンバータ210を通過したアンモニアを酸化させる酸化触媒コンバータ220がこの順番で配設される。連続再生式DPF装置190は、NO及び燃料を酸化させるDOCコンバータ192と、PMを除去するDPF194と、を有する。なお、DPF194の代わりに、その表面に触媒(活性成分及び添加成分)を担持させたCSF(Catalyzed Soot Filter)を使用することもできる。
On the other hand, the exhaust pipe 180 connected to the exhaust manifold 170 of the diesel engine 100 is injected with a turbine 144 of the turbocharger 140, a continuously regenerating DPF device 190, and a urea aqueous solution as a reducing agent precursor along the exhaust flow direction. An injection nozzle 200 to be supplied, an SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) converter 210 for selectively reducing and purifying NOx upon receiving supply of ammonia generated from the urea aqueous solution, and an oxidation catalytic converter 220 for oxidizing the ammonia that has passed through the SCR converter 210 are in this order. Arranged. The continuous regeneration type DPF device 190 includes a DOC converter 192 that oxidizes NO and fuel, and a DPF 194 that removes PM. Instead of DPF 194, CSF (Catalyzed Soot Filter) having a catalyst (active component and additive component) supported on its surface can be used.
還元剤タンク230に貯蔵された尿素水溶液は、ポンプ及び流量制御弁が内蔵された還元剤添加ユニット240を介して、噴射ノズル200に供給される。ここで、還元剤添加ユニット240としては、ポンプが内蔵されたポンプモジュールと、流量制御弁が内蔵されたドージングモジュールと、に2分割されていてもよい。
The aqueous urea solution stored in the reducing agent tank 230 is supplied to the injection nozzle 200 via a reducing agent addition unit 240 having a built-in pump and flow control valve. Here, the reducing agent addition unit 240 may be divided into a pump module with a built-in pump and a dosing module with a built-in flow control valve.
また、連続再生式DPF装置190の排気上流に位置する排気管180には、DPF194を強制再生処理するときに、DOCコンバータ192の排気上流に燃料を添加する燃料添加ノズル250が取り付けられる。燃料添加ノズル250には、図示しないサプライポンプによって所定圧力に調圧された燃料が供給される。燃料添加ノズル250に燃料を供給する燃料配管260には、燃料添加ノズル250から添加される燃料の流量を制御する流量制御弁270が配設される。流量制御弁270としては、例えば、燃料配管260を単純に開閉する開閉弁、燃料配管260の燃料通路断面積を可変とする制御弁などを利用することができる。
Also, a fuel addition nozzle 250 for adding fuel to the exhaust upstream of the DOC converter 192 is attached to the exhaust pipe 180 positioned upstream of the exhaust of the continuous regeneration type DPF device 190 when the DPF 194 is forcibly regenerated. The fuel addition nozzle 250 is supplied with fuel that has been regulated to a predetermined pressure by a supply pump (not shown). A flow rate control valve 270 that controls the flow rate of fuel added from the fuel addition nozzle 250 is disposed in the fuel pipe 260 that supplies fuel to the fuel addition nozzle 250. As the flow control valve 270, for example, an open / close valve that simply opens and closes the fuel pipe 260, a control valve that makes the fuel passage cross-sectional area of the fuel pipe 260 variable, or the like can be used.
連続再生式DPF装置190と噴射ノズル200との間に位置する排気管180には、SCRコンバータ210の活性状態を把握するため、排気の温度(排気温度)を測定する温度センサ280が取り付けられる。温度センサ280の出力信号は、コンピュータを内蔵した還元剤添加コントロールユニット(DCU:Dosing Control Unit)290に入力される。また、DCU290は、エンジン運転状態の一例としての回転速度及び負荷を任意の時点で読み込み可能とすべく、CAN(Controller Area Network)などの車載ネットワークを介して、ディーゼルエンジン100を電子制御するエンジンコントロールユニット(ECU:Engine Control Unit)300と通信可能に接続される。
A temperature sensor 280 for measuring the exhaust gas temperature (exhaust gas temperature) is attached to the exhaust pipe 180 located between the continuous regeneration type DPF device 190 and the injection nozzle 200 in order to grasp the active state of the SCR converter 210. The output signal of the temperature sensor 280 is input to a reducing agent addition control unit (DCU: Dosing Control Unit) 290 incorporating a computer. In addition, the DCU 290 electronically controls the diesel engine 100 via an in-vehicle network such as CAN (Controller Area Network) so that the rotation speed and load as an example of the engine operating state can be read at an arbitrary time. A unit (ECU: Engine Control Unit) 300 is communicably connected.
そして、DCU290は、フラッシュROM(Read Only Memory)などの不揮発性メモリに格納された制御プログラムを実行することで、排気温度、回転速度及び負荷に基づいて、還元剤添加ユニット240及び流量制御弁270を夫々電子制御する。
The DCU 290 executes a control program stored in a non-volatile memory such as a flash ROM (Read Only Memory), so that the reducing agent addition unit 240 and the flow control valve 270 are based on the exhaust temperature, the rotation speed, and the load. Each is electronically controlled.
ここで、ディーゼルエンジン100の負荷としては、例えば、燃料噴射量、吸気流量、吸気圧力、過給圧力、アクセル開度など、エンジントルクと密接に関連する状態量を使用することができる。また、ディーゼルエンジン100の回転速度及び負荷は、ECU300から読み込む代わりに、公知のセンサを使用して直接検出するようにしてもよい。
Here, as the load of the diesel engine 100, for example, a state quantity closely related to the engine torque, such as a fuel injection amount, an intake air flow rate, an intake pressure, a supercharging pressure, and an accelerator opening degree can be used. Further, the rotational speed and load of the diesel engine 100 may be directly detected using a known sensor instead of reading from the ECU 300.
かかる排気浄化装置において、ディーゼルエンジン100の排気は、排気マニフォールド170、ターボチャージャ140のタービン144を経て、連続再生式DPF装置190のDOCコンバータ192へと導入される。DOCコンバータ192へと導入された排気は、NOがNO2へと酸化されつつDPF194へと流れる。DPF194では、排気中のPMが除去されると共に、DOCコンバータ192により生成されたNO2を使用してPMが連続的に酸化(焼却)される。
In such an exhaust purification device, exhaust from the diesel engine 100 is introduced into the DOC converter 192 of the continuous regeneration type DPF device 190 through the exhaust manifold 170 and the turbine 144 of the turbocharger 140. The exhaust gas introduced into the DOC converter 192 flows to the DPF 194 while NO is oxidized to NO 2 . In the DPF 194, PM in the exhaust gas is removed, and PM is continuously oxidized (incinerated) using NO 2 generated by the DOC converter 192.
また、エンジン運転状態に応じて噴射ノズル200から噴射供給(添加)された尿素水溶液は、排気熱及び排気中の水蒸気を使用して加水分解され、還元剤として機能するアンモニアへと転化される。このアンモニアは、SCRコンバータ210において排気中のNOxと選択還元反応し、無害なH2O(水)及びN2(窒素)へと浄化することは知られたことである。このとき、DOCコンバータ192によりNOがNO2へと酸化され、排気中のNOとNO2との比率が選択還元反応に適したものに改善されるため、SCRコンバータ210におけるNOx浄化率を向上させることができる。一方、SCRコンバータ210を通過したアンモニアは、その排気下流に配設された酸化触媒コンバータ220により酸化されるので、アンモニアがそのまま大気中に放出されることを抑制できる。
Further, the urea aqueous solution supplied (added) from the injection nozzle 200 according to the engine operating state is hydrolyzed using exhaust heat and water vapor in the exhaust, and converted into ammonia that functions as a reducing agent. It is known that this ammonia is selectively reduced with NOx in the exhaust gas in the SCR converter 210 and purified to harmless H 2 O (water) and N 2 (nitrogen). At this time, NO is oxidized to NO 2 by the DOC converter 192, and the ratio of NO to NO 2 in the exhaust gas is improved to be suitable for the selective reduction reaction, so that the NOx purification rate in the SCR converter 210 is improved. be able to. On the other hand, the ammonia that has passed through the SCR converter 210 is oxidized by the oxidation catalyst converter 220 disposed downstream of the exhaust gas, so that it is possible to suppress the ammonia from being released into the atmosphere as it is.
連続再生式DPF装置190のDPF194に目詰まりが発生したときには、燃料添加ノズル250からDOC192の排気上流に燃料が添加される。ここで、DPF194に目詰まりが発生したか否かは、例えば、DPF194の排気上流と排気下流との差圧が所定値以上になったか否かを介して判断することができる。そして、燃料添加ノズル250から添加された燃料は、DOCコンバータ192において酸化され、排気温度を上昇させる。排気温度が上昇した排気がDPF194に導入されると、DPF194に堆積しているPMが酸化されるので、その強制再生処理が行われる。
When clogging occurs in the DPF 194 of the continuous regeneration type DPF device 190, fuel is added from the fuel addition nozzle 250 to the exhaust upstream of the DOC 192. Here, whether or not clogging has occurred in the DPF 194 can be determined based on, for example, whether or not the differential pressure between the exhaust upstream of the DPF 194 and the exhaust downstream has become a predetermined value or more. Then, the fuel added from the fuel addition nozzle 250 is oxidized in the DOC converter 192 to raise the exhaust gas temperature. When exhaust gas whose exhaust temperature has risen is introduced into the DPF 194, the PM accumulated in the DPF 194 is oxidized, so that forced regeneration processing is performed.
次に、図2~図4を参照して、排気浄化装置の詳細について説明する。
排気浄化装置は、筒形をなす第1の筐体400と、同じく筒形をなす第2の筐体420と、第1の筐体400及び第2の筐体420の遠端部同士を連通させる連通管440と、を有する。第1の筐体400と第2の筐体420とは、その軸線400Aと軸線420Aとが略平行(見た目で平行という程度でよい。以下同様。)となるように、互いに並べて近接配置される。そして、連通管440も、その軸線440Aが、第1の筐体400の軸線400A及び第2の筐体420の軸線420Aと略平行となるように配管される。ここで、第1の筐体400、第2の筐体420及び連通管440は、ディーゼルエンジン100の排気管180の一部に該当する。 Next, the details of the exhaust emission control device will be described with reference to FIGS.
The exhaust emission control device communicates thefirst casing 400 having a cylindrical shape, the second casing 420 having the same cylindrical shape, and the distal ends of the first casing 400 and the second casing 420 with each other. And a communication pipe 440 to be made. The first casing 400 and the second casing 420 are arranged in close proximity to each other so that the axis 400A and the axis 420A are substantially parallel (they may be just parallel in appearance, and so on). . The communication pipe 440 is also piped such that its axis 440A is substantially parallel to the axis 400A of the first casing 400 and the axis 420A of the second casing 420. Here, the first casing 400, the second casing 420, and the communication pipe 440 correspond to a part of the exhaust pipe 180 of the diesel engine 100.
排気浄化装置は、筒形をなす第1の筐体400と、同じく筒形をなす第2の筐体420と、第1の筐体400及び第2の筐体420の遠端部同士を連通させる連通管440と、を有する。第1の筐体400と第2の筐体420とは、その軸線400Aと軸線420Aとが略平行(見た目で平行という程度でよい。以下同様。)となるように、互いに並べて近接配置される。そして、連通管440も、その軸線440Aが、第1の筐体400の軸線400A及び第2の筐体420の軸線420Aと略平行となるように配管される。ここで、第1の筐体400、第2の筐体420及び連通管440は、ディーゼルエンジン100の排気管180の一部に該当する。 Next, the details of the exhaust emission control device will be described with reference to FIGS.
The exhaust emission control device communicates the
第1の筐体400では、排気上流端部に流入口402が形成され、排気下流端部に排出口404が形成される。本実施形態の場合、流入口402は排気上流端部の端面に形成され、排出口404は排気下流端部の側面に形成される。そして、流入口402と排出口404との間に位置する第1の筐体400には、DOCコンバータ192とDPF194とが夫々収容される。
In the first casing 400, an inlet 402 is formed at the exhaust upstream end, and an outlet 404 is formed at the exhaust downstream end. In the case of the present embodiment, the inlet 402 is formed on the end surface of the exhaust upstream end, and the outlet 404 is formed on the side surface of the exhaust downstream end. The DOC converter 192 and the DPF 194 are accommodated in the first casing 400 positioned between the inlet 402 and the outlet 404, respectively.
第2の筐体420では、排気上流端部に流入口422が形成され、排気下流端部に排出口424が形成される。本実施形態の場合、流入口422及び排出口424の両方とも、端部側面に夫々形成される。そして、流入口422と排出口424との間に位置する第2の筐体420には、SCRコンバータ210と酸化触媒コンバータ220とが夫々収容される。
In the second casing 420, an inlet 422 is formed at the exhaust upstream end, and an outlet 424 is formed at the exhaust downstream end. In the case of this embodiment, both the inflow port 422 and the discharge port 424 are respectively formed on the side surfaces of the end portions. The SCR converter 210 and the oxidation catalyst converter 220 are accommodated in the second casing 420 located between the inlet 422 and the outlet 424, respectively.
連通管440は、第1の筐体400及び第2の筐体420の遠端部同士、要するに、互いに反対側に位置する遠い方の端部である、第1の筐体400の排気下流端部の排出口404と、第2の筐体420の排気上流端部の流入口422と、を連通させる。従って、ディーゼルエンジン100の排気は、流入口402から第1の筐体400に流入し、DOCコンバータ192及びDPF194を通過して排出口404から連通管440の中へと入る。そして、連通管440の中に入った排気は、連通管440を経て流入口422から第2の筐体420に流入し、SCRコンバータ210及び酸化触媒コンバータ220を通過して排出口424から排出される。即ち、第1の筐体400から連通管440を経由して第2の筐体420へと至る排気の通路は、連通管440により一度折り返されている。
The communication pipe 440 is the exhaust downstream downstream end of the first casing 400, which is the far ends of the first casing 400 and the second casing 420, in other words, the far ends positioned on opposite sides of each other. And the inflow port 422 at the exhaust upstream end of the second housing 420 are in communication with each other. Therefore, the exhaust from the diesel engine 100 flows into the first housing 400 from the inlet 402, passes through the DOC converter 192 and the DPF 194, and enters the communication pipe 440 from the outlet 404. Then, the exhaust gas that has entered the communication pipe 440 flows into the second casing 420 from the inlet 422 through the communication pipe 440, passes through the SCR converter 210 and the oxidation catalyst converter 220, and is discharged from the outlet 424. The That is, the exhaust passage from the first housing 400 to the second housing 420 via the communication pipe 440 is folded once by the communication pipe 440.
また、連通管440は、第1の筐体400の排出口404と第2の筐体420の流入口422との接続のために曲折部分が両端に形成された直線状の直管である。そして、排出口404に対する曲折部分に噴射ノズル200が取り付けられ、噴射ノズル200から直線状の管内に向けて尿素水溶液が噴射供給される。これにより、排気中への尿素水溶液の均一拡散に必要な直線長さが確保されている。なお、尿素水溶液の均一拡散を促進するために、例えば、連通管440に網目状などの拡散部材を設置することもできる。
The communication pipe 440 is a straight straight pipe having bent portions formed at both ends for connection between the discharge port 404 of the first housing 400 and the inlet 422 of the second housing 420. Then, the injection nozzle 200 is attached to a bent portion with respect to the discharge port 404, and the urea aqueous solution is injected and supplied from the injection nozzle 200 into the linear pipe. Thereby, the linear length required for the uniform diffusion of the urea aqueous solution into the exhaust gas is secured. In order to promote uniform diffusion of the urea aqueous solution, for example, a mesh-like diffusion member can be installed in the communication pipe 440.
このような排気浄化装置によれば、第1の筐体400と第2の筐体420とを近接させて並列に配置したため、そのシルエットは角形マフラー並みのコンパクトサイズとなっている。また、第1の筐体400及び第2の筐体420の遠端部同士を連通管440で連通させたため、尿素水溶液の均一拡散に必要な管長を確保しつつ、第1の筐体400及び第2の筐体420のシルエット内に連通管440を収めることが可能となった。このため、排気上流から下流にかけての長さ方向のサイズを縮小することに成功している。
According to such an exhaust purification device, the first casing 400 and the second casing 420 are arranged close to each other in parallel, so that the silhouette has a compact size similar to a square muffler. Further, since the far ends of the first casing 400 and the second casing 420 are communicated with each other by the communication pipe 440, the first casing 400 and the first casing 400 and the second casing 420 are secured while ensuring the tube length necessary for the uniform diffusion of the urea aqueous solution. The communication pipe 440 can be accommodated in the silhouette of the second housing 420. For this reason, it has succeeded in reducing the size of the length direction from exhaust upstream to downstream.
また、第1の筐体400は、図5に示すように、流入口402が端面に形成された第1のケーシング406と、DOCコンバータ192を収容する第2のケーシング408と、DPF194を収容する第3のケーシング410と、に三分割可能となっている。第1のケーシング406は、略有底円筒形状をなし、その開口端に略円環形状のフランジ406Aが形成される。第2のケーシング408は、略円筒形状をなし、その軸方向の両端部に略円環形状のフランジ408Aが夫々形成される。第3のケーシング410は、略有底円筒形状をなし、その開口端に略円環形状のフランジ410Aが形成されると共に、フランジ410Aの反対側に位置する端部側面に排出口404が形成される。ここで、第2のケーシング408が、フランジを介して排気管に着脱可能に取り付けられるケーシングの一例として挙げられる。
In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, the first casing 400 houses a first casing 406 having an inlet 402 formed on an end surface, a second casing 408 that houses a DOC converter 192, and a DPF 194. The third casing 410 can be divided into three parts. The first casing 406 has a substantially bottomed cylindrical shape, and a substantially annular flange 406A is formed at the open end. The second casing 408 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and substantially annular flanges 408A are formed at both ends in the axial direction. The third casing 410 has a substantially bottomed cylindrical shape. A substantially annular flange 410A is formed at the opening end of the third casing 410, and a discharge port 404 is formed on the side surface of the end located on the opposite side of the flange 410A. The Here, the 2nd casing 408 is mentioned as an example of the casing removably attached to an exhaust pipe via a flange.
DOCコンバータ192は、第2のケーシング408の内径より若干小さい直径を有する略円柱形状の担体192Aと、担体192Aの軸方向の一端部に形成された略円環形状のフランジ192Bと、を含む。即ち、DOCコンバータ192は、第2のケーシング408に対して着脱可能に内挿されるように、カートリッジ化されている。なお、担体192Aには、酸化機能を発揮する触媒(活性成分及び添加成分)が担持されている。
The DOC converter 192 includes a substantially cylindrical carrier 192A having a diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the second casing 408, and a substantially annular flange 192B formed at one end of the carrier 192A in the axial direction. That is, the DOC converter 192 is formed into a cartridge so as to be detachably inserted into the second casing 408. The carrier 192A carries a catalyst (active component and additive component) that exhibits an oxidation function.
第1のケーシング406のフランジ406A、第2のケーシング408の一対のフランジ408A、第3のケーシング410のフランジ410A及びDOCコンバータ192のフランジ192Bには、ボルト及びナットを含む締結具500のボルト軸部が挿通する挿通孔が複数形成される。従って、図5に示すように、第2のケーシング408に対してDOCコンバータ192を収容し、その両端部のフランジ408Aを第1のケーシング406のフランジ406A及び第3のケーシング410のフランジ410Aに当接し、挿通孔にボルト軸部を挿通してナットを螺合することで、第1の筐体400を組み立てることができる。
The flange 406A of the first casing 406, the pair of flanges 408A of the second casing 408, the flange 410A of the third casing 410, and the flange 192B of the DOC converter 192 include a bolt shaft portion of the fastener 500 including bolts and nuts. A plurality of insertion holes through which are inserted. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 5, the DOC converter 192 is accommodated in the second casing 408, and the flanges 408A at both ends thereof are brought into contact with the flange 406A of the first casing 406 and the flange 410A of the third casing 410. The first housing 400 can be assembled by contacting the bolt shaft portion through the insertion hole and screwing the nut.
この状態では、DOCコンバータ192は、そのフランジ192Bが第1のケーシング406のフランジ406Aと第2のケーシング408の一方のフランジ408Aとに挟持されることで、第1の筐体400に固定されている。このとき、DOCコンバータ192のフランジ192Bは、第1のケーシング406のフランジ406Aと第2のケーシング408のフランジ408Aとを締結する締結具500によって共締めされるため、その締結作業を容易にすることができる。なお、各フランジの接合面に、気密性を高めるために、例えば、略円環形状をなすガスケット510を挟み込むようにしてもよい。
In this state, the DOC converter 192 is fixed to the first casing 400 by the flange 192B being sandwiched between the flange 406A of the first casing 406 and one flange 408A of the second casing 408. Yes. At this time, since the flange 192B of the DOC converter 192 is fastened together by the fastener 500 that fastens the flange 406A of the first casing 406 and the flange 408A of the second casing 408, the fastening operation is facilitated. Can do. In addition, in order to improve airtightness in the joint surface of each flange, for example, a gasket 510 having a substantially annular shape may be sandwiched.
排気浄化装置においては、DOCコンバータ192の担体192Aの排気流入側は、排気中のPMに晒されると共に、DPF194の強制再生処理の実行中に燃料に晒されることとなる。このため、排気浄化装置を長時間使用すると、DOCコンバータ192の排気流入側にPM又は燃料が堆積し、これが許容値を越えると目詰まりが発生し得る。
In the exhaust purification device, the exhaust inflow side of the carrier 192A of the DOC converter 192 is exposed to the PM in the exhaust and to the fuel during the forced regeneration process of the DPF 194. For this reason, when the exhaust purification device is used for a long time, PM or fuel accumulates on the exhaust inflow side of the DOC converter 192, and clogging may occur when this exceeds the allowable value.
そこで、例えば、所定の期間が経過するたびに、次のような作業を行うことで、DOCコンバータ192の再生処理を実行することができる。
即ち、サービス工場などの作業者は、第1の筐体400から締結具500を取り外し、第1のケーシング406、第2のケーシング408、第3のケーシング410及びDOCコンバータ192を分離可能にする。そして、作業者は、第1の筐体400から、DOCコンバータ192が収容された第2のケーシング408を取り外し、図6に示すように、DOCコンバータ192の排気流入側と排気流出側とを逆にした状態で、締結具500によって第1の筐体400を組み立てる。 Therefore, for example, the reproduction process of theDOC converter 192 can be executed by performing the following work every time a predetermined period elapses.
That is, an operator such as a service factory removes thefastener 500 from the first casing 400, and makes the first casing 406, the second casing 408, the third casing 410, and the DOC converter 192 separable. Then, the operator removes the second casing 408 in which the DOC converter 192 is accommodated from the first casing 400, and reverses the exhaust inflow side and the exhaust outflow side of the DOC converter 192 as shown in FIG. In this state, the first housing 400 is assembled by the fastener 500.
即ち、サービス工場などの作業者は、第1の筐体400から締結具500を取り外し、第1のケーシング406、第2のケーシング408、第3のケーシング410及びDOCコンバータ192を分離可能にする。そして、作業者は、第1の筐体400から、DOCコンバータ192が収容された第2のケーシング408を取り外し、図6に示すように、DOCコンバータ192の排気流入側と排気流出側とを逆にした状態で、締結具500によって第1の筐体400を組み立てる。 Therefore, for example, the reproduction process of the
That is, an operator such as a service factory removes the
ここで、DOCコンバータ192の排気流入側と排気流出側とを逆にする場合、第2のケーシング408に対するDOCコンバータ192の挿入方向を変え、又は、DOCコンバータ192が収容された第2のケーシング408自体をひっくり返す、という2つの方法がある。
Here, when the exhaust inflow side and the exhaust outflow side of the DOC converter 192 are reversed, the insertion direction of the DOC converter 192 with respect to the second casing 408 is changed, or the second casing 408 in which the DOC converter 192 is accommodated. There are two ways to turn it over.
このようにすれば、DOCコンバータ192において、PM又は燃料が堆積した部分が排気流出側に位置するようになる。そして、DOCコンバータ192に排気が流入し、NOがNO2へと酸化されて排気の温度が上昇すると、PM又は燃料が堆積した部分が高温の排気に晒される。このため、DOCコンバータ192に堆積したPM又は燃料が、酸化熱を利用して焼却されて除去されることから、DOCコンバータ192の再生処理を実行することができる。なお、DPF194の強制再生時に、DOCコンバータ192が燃料を酸化させる場合も同様である。
In this way, in the DOC converter 192, the portion where PM or fuel is deposited comes to be located on the exhaust gas outlet side. When exhaust gas flows into the DOC converter 192 and NO is oxidized to NO 2 and the temperature of the exhaust gas rises, the portion where PM or fuel is deposited is exposed to high-temperature exhaust gas. For this reason, since PM or fuel deposited on the DOC converter 192 is incinerated and removed using oxidation heat, the regeneration process of the DOC converter 192 can be executed. The same applies when the DOC converter 192 oxidizes fuel during forced regeneration of the DPF 194.
DOCコンバータ192は、図7に示すように、第2のケーシング408と一体化、例えば、第2のケーシング408に対して保持具520を介して固定されていてもよい。この場合、DOCコンバータ192の再生処理を実行するとき、図8に示すように、第2のケーシング408の上流側と下流側とをひっくり返せばよい。なお、この構成による作用及び効果は、先のものと同一であるため、その説明は省略する。必要があれば、先の説明を参照されたい。
As shown in FIG. 7, the DOC converter 192 may be integrated with the second casing 408, for example, may be fixed to the second casing 408 via a holder 520. In this case, when the regeneration process of the DOC converter 192 is executed, the upstream side and the downstream side of the second casing 408 may be turned over as shown in FIG. In addition, since the effect | action and effect by this structure are the same as the previous thing, the description is abbreviate | omitted. Please refer to the previous explanation if necessary.
以上説明した排気浄化装置は、排気管180に連続再生式DPF装置190、SCRコンバータ210及び酸化触媒コンバータ220が配設されていたが、排気管180に少なくとも連続再生式DPF装置190が配設されていればよい。また、この排気浄化装置は、第1の筐体400及び第2の筐体420が並列に配設されているが、第1の筐体400及び第2の筐体420が直列に配設されていてもよい。
In the exhaust purification apparatus described above, the continuous regeneration type DPF device 190, the SCR converter 210, and the oxidation catalyst converter 220 are disposed in the exhaust pipe 180, but at least the continuous regeneration type DPF device 190 is disposed in the exhaust pipe 180. It only has to be. In this exhaust purification apparatus, the first casing 400 and the second casing 420 are arranged in parallel, but the first casing 400 and the second casing 420 are arranged in series. It may be.
100 ディーゼルエンジン
180 排気管
190 連続再生式DPF装置
192 DOCコンバータ
192A 担体
192B フランジ
194 DPF
210 SCRコンバータ
220 酸化触媒コンバータ
400 第1の筐体
406 第1のケーシング
406A フランジ
408 第2のケーシング
408A フランジ
410 第3のケーシング
410A フランジ
500 締結具
510 ガスケット
520 保持具 100Diesel engine 180 Exhaust pipe 190 Continuous regeneration type DPF device 192 DOC converter 192A Carrier 192B Flange 194 DPF
210SCR Converter 220 Oxidation Catalytic Converter 400 First Housing 406 First Casing 406A Flange 408 Second Casing 408A Flange 410 Third Casing 410A Flange 500 Fastener 510 Gasket 520 Holder
180 排気管
190 連続再生式DPF装置
192 DOCコンバータ
192A 担体
192B フランジ
194 DPF
210 SCRコンバータ
220 酸化触媒コンバータ
400 第1の筐体
406 第1のケーシング
406A フランジ
408 第2のケーシング
408A フランジ
410 第3のケーシング
410A フランジ
500 締結具
510 ガスケット
520 保持具 100
210
Claims (12)
- ディーゼルエンジンの排気管に、フランジを介して着脱可能に取り付けられるケーシングに収容されたディーゼル酸化触媒コンバータと、排気中の粒子状物質を除去するディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタと、がこの順番で配設された排気浄化装置において、
前記ディーゼルエンジンの排気管から前記ケーシングを取り外し、
前記ディーゼル酸化触媒コンバータの排気流入側と排気流出側とを逆にした状態で、前記ケーシングを前記ディーゼルエンジンの排気管に取り付け、
前記ディーゼル酸化触媒の酸化熱を利用して、当該ディーゼル酸化触媒の再生処理を実行する、
ことを特徴とする排気浄化装置の再生方法。 A diesel oxidation catalytic converter housed in a casing that is detachably attached to the exhaust pipe of a diesel engine via a flange, and a diesel particulate filter that removes particulate matter in the exhaust gas are arranged in this order. In the exhaust purification device,
Removing the casing from the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine;
With the exhaust inflow side and the exhaust outflow side of the diesel oxidation catalytic converter reversed, the casing is attached to the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine,
Utilizing the oxidation heat of the diesel oxidation catalyst, the regeneration process of the diesel oxidation catalyst is executed,
A method for regenerating an exhaust emission control device. - 前記ディーゼル酸化触媒コンバータは、前記ケーシングに対して着脱可能な担体と、前記担体の軸方向の一端部に形成されたフランジと、を有する、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の排気浄化装置の再生方法。 The diesel oxidation catalytic converter has a carrier detachable from the casing, and a flange formed at one end of the carrier in the axial direction.
The method for regenerating an exhaust emission control device according to claim 1. - 前記ディーゼル酸化触媒コンバータのフランジを、前記排気管のフランジと前記ケーシングのフランジとに挟持させた、
ことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の排気浄化装置の再生方法。 The flange of the diesel oxidation catalytic converter was sandwiched between the flange of the exhaust pipe and the flange of the casing.
The method for regenerating an exhaust emission control device according to claim 2. - 前記ディーゼル酸化触媒コンバータのフランジを、前記排気管のフランジと前記ケーシングのフランジとを締結する締結具により共締めした、
ことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の排気浄化装置の再生方法。 The flange of the diesel oxidation catalytic converter was fastened together with a fastener for fastening the flange of the exhaust pipe and the flange of the casing.
The method for regenerating an exhaust emission control device according to claim 3. - 前記排気管のフランジ、前記ケーシングのフランジ及び前記ディーゼル酸化触媒のフランジの各接合面にガスケットを挟み込んだ、
ことを特徴とする請求項1~請求項4のいずれか1つに記載の排気浄化装置の再生方法。 A gasket is sandwiched between each joint surface of the flange of the exhaust pipe, the flange of the casing, and the flange of the diesel oxidation catalyst.
The method for regenerating an exhaust emission control device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: - 前記ディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタの排気下流に位置する前記排気管に、還元剤の供給を受けて、排気中の窒素酸化物を選択還元浄化する選択還元触媒コンバータを配設した、
ことを特徴とする請求項1~請求項5のいずれか1つに記載の排気浄化装置の再生方法。 The exhaust pipe located downstream of the exhaust gas from the diesel particulate filter is provided with a selective catalytic reduction converter that receives a reducing agent and selectively reduces and purifies nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas.
The method for regenerating an exhaust emission control device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: - 前記選択還元触媒コンバータの排気下流に位置する前記排気管に、前記選択還元触媒コンバータを通過した還元剤を酸化させる酸化触媒コンバータを配設した、
ことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の排気浄化装置の再生方法。 An oxidation catalytic converter that oxidizes the reducing agent that has passed through the selective reduction catalytic converter is disposed in the exhaust pipe located downstream of the exhaust of the selective reduction catalytic converter.
The method for regenerating an exhaust purification device according to claim 6. - 前記ディーゼル酸化触媒コンバータを、前記ケーシングに対して保持具を介して固定した、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の排気浄化装置の再生方法。 The diesel oxidation catalytic converter is fixed to the casing via a holder.
The method for regenerating an exhaust emission control device according to claim 1. - 前記排気管のフランジ及び前記ケーシングのフランジの各接合面にガスケットを挟み込んだ、
ことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の排気浄化装置の再生方法。 A gasket was sandwiched between each joint surface of the flange of the exhaust pipe and the flange of the casing,
A method for regenerating an exhaust emission control device according to claim 6. - 前記ディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタの排気下流に位置する前記排気管に、還元剤の供給を受けて、排気中の窒素酸化物を選択還元浄化する選択還元触媒コンバータを配設した、
ことを特徴とする請求項8又は請求項9に記載の排気浄化装置の再生方法。 The exhaust pipe located downstream of the exhaust gas from the diesel particulate filter is provided with a selective catalytic reduction converter that receives a reducing agent and selectively reduces and purifies nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas.
The method for regenerating an exhaust emission control device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein - 前記選択還元触媒コンバータの排気下流に位置する前記排気管に、前記選択還元触媒コンバータを通過した還元剤を酸化させる酸化触媒コンバータを配設した、
ことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の排気浄化装置の再生方法。 An oxidation catalytic converter that oxidizes the reducing agent that has passed through the selective reduction catalytic converter is disposed in the exhaust pipe located downstream of the exhaust of the selective reduction catalytic converter.
The method for regenerating an exhaust emission control device according to claim 10. - ディーゼルエンジンの排気管に対して、着脱可能かつ排気流入側と排気流出側とを入替可能に取り付けられるケーシングと、
前記ケーシングに収容されたディーゼル酸化触媒と、
前記ディーゼル酸化触媒の排気下流に位置する排気管に配設されたディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタと、
を有することを特徴とする排気浄化装置。 A casing that is detachably attached to the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine and that can be exchanged between the exhaust inflow side and the exhaust outflow side;
A diesel oxidation catalyst housed in the casing;
A diesel particulate filter disposed in an exhaust pipe located downstream of the exhaust of the diesel oxidation catalyst;
An exhaust emission control device comprising:
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