WO2015068358A1 - Distribution switchboard - Google Patents

Distribution switchboard Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015068358A1
WO2015068358A1 PCT/JP2014/005456 JP2014005456W WO2015068358A1 WO 2015068358 A1 WO2015068358 A1 WO 2015068358A1 JP 2014005456 W JP2014005456 W JP 2014005456W WO 2015068358 A1 WO2015068358 A1 WO 2015068358A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
communication
branch
breaker
power line
distribution board
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2014/005456
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
光央 上村
梅田　直樹
徹也 大橋
Original Assignee
パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 filed Critical パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
Publication of WO2015068358A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015068358A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
    • H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
    • H04B2203/5429—Applications for powerline communications
    • H04B2203/5433—Remote metering

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to a distribution board, and more particularly to a distribution board provided with a communication adapter for performing power line communication with an external device.
  • a system for performing communication between devices by power line communication is known, and is disclosed in, for example, Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2010-004389).
  • the system described in Document 1 uses a terminal (communication module) that receives a power line communication signal (hereinafter referred to as “PLC signal”) from a watt-hour meter (power meter) having a communication function through power line communication.
  • PLC signal a power line communication signal
  • power meter power meter
  • the communication module transmits the PLC signal received from the power meter by power line communication to the information panel that centrally controls the electrical devices in the house.
  • a control line is electrically connected between the communication module and the information board, and a PLC signal is transmitted from the communication module to the information board via the control line.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object thereof is to provide a distribution board to which a communication module can be attached without disconnecting a main breaker from a system power supply.
  • the distribution board includes a main breaker, a plurality of branch breakers, and a communication module.
  • Each of the plurality of branch breakers is electrically connected to the secondary side of the main breaker.
  • the communication module performs power line communication using a power line as a transmission path with an external device electrically connected to the primary side of the main breaker.
  • the communication module performs power line communication with the external device via a first branch breaker that is any one of the plurality of branch breakers.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram illustrating a distribution board according to the embodiment
  • FIG. 1B is a diagram illustrating wiring between the first branch breaker and the first communication adapter in the configuration illustrated in FIG. 1A. It is the schematic which shows the other structure in the distribution board which concerns on embodiment.
  • FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration in which power line communication is performed via a measurement unit in the distribution board according to the embodiment
  • FIG. 3B is a diagram illustrating a first branch breaker and a first communication adapter in the configuration illustrated in FIG. 3A.
  • FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration in which a self-supporting distribution board is electrically connected in the distribution board according to the embodiment
  • FIG. 4B is provided in the self-supporting distribution board in the configuration illustrated in FIG. 4A. It is a figure which shows a measurement unit.
  • 5A is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration in which the power line communication path can be switched in the distribution board according to the embodiment
  • FIG. 5B is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the first communication adapter in the configuration illustrated in FIG. 5A. is there.
  • the distribution board 1 includes a main breaker 3, a plurality of branch breakers 4, and a first communication adapter 6 (communication module).
  • the plurality of branch breakers 4 are electrically connected to the secondary side of the main breaker 3, respectively.
  • the first communication adapter 6 performs power line communication using a power line as a transmission line with a power meter 8 (external device) electrically connected to the primary side of the main breaker 3.
  • the first communication adapter 6 performs power line communication with the power meter 8 via the first branch breaker 40 that is any one of the plurality of branch breakers 4.
  • the distribution board 1 of this embodiment power is supplied from a system power supply (not shown) by a single-phase three-wire low-voltage distribution system.
  • a system is provided by a single-phase two-wire low-voltage distribution system.
  • Power may be supplied from a power source.
  • the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment includes a cabinet 2, a main breaker 3, a plurality of branch breakers 4, a measurement unit 5, and a first communication adapter 6 (communication module). And a second communication adapter 7.
  • a power meter 8 (external device) is electrically connected between the main breaker 3 and the system power supply.
  • the cabinet 2 is formed of a synthetic resin molded product or the like, and includes a main body 20 and a lid (not shown).
  • the main body 20 is formed in a box shape with one surface open.
  • the lid is formed in a shape that covers the opening of the main body 20.
  • the lid is attached to the main body 20 so as to be rotatable between a position for closing the opening of the main body 20 and a position for opening the opening of the main body 20.
  • each of the three main wirings CB1 is electrically connected to the primary side (system power supply side) of the main circuit breaker 3.
  • the other end of each of the three main wirings CB1 is electrically connected to a system power supply provided by an electric power company via a power meter 8.
  • the secondary side (load side) of the main breaker 3 is electrically connected to a conductive bar (not shown).
  • the primary side of the branch breaker 4 is electrically connected to the secondary side of the main breaker 3 by plug-in connecting the branch breaker 4 to the conductive bar. Further, one end of the branch wiring CB2 is electrically connected to the secondary side of the branch breaker 4. For example, an electric device (not shown) such as a television, an audio device, a refrigerator, a dishwasher, an air conditioner, and a lighting device is electrically connected to the other end of the branch wiring CB2.
  • an electric device (not shown) such as a television, an audio device, a refrigerator, a dishwasher, an air conditioner, and a lighting device is electrically connected to the other end of the branch wiring CB2.
  • FIG. 1B On the secondary side of the branch breaker 4, as shown in FIG. 1B, three terminals corresponding to the three power lines constituting the branch wiring CB2 are provided. In the figure, the terminal corresponding to the power line of the neutral phase is “N”, the terminal corresponding to the power line of the first voltage phase is “L1”, and the terminal
  • the measurement unit 5 measures the current flowing through each branch wiring CB2 by a plurality of current sensors (not shown) provided in each of the plurality of branch wirings CB2, and calculates the power used to be supplied to the electrical equipment for each branch wiring CB2. To do. In other words, the measurement unit 5 measures the power consumption of each of the plurality of branch circuits branched by the plurality of branch breakers 4. For example, a Rogowski sensor or a current transformer is used as the current sensor. Note that the measurement unit 5 may be configured to measure the power generated by the solar power generation or the power selling power when the solar power generation unit is electrically connected to the distribution board 1. The measurement result of the power consumption is electrically connected between the measurement unit 5 and the second communication adapter 7 with a cable (not shown), and is transmitted as a wired signal in accordance with a standard such as RS-485.
  • a standard such as RS-485.
  • the measurement unit 5 is electrically connected to any one of the plurality of branch breakers 4 (hereinafter referred to as “first branch breaker 40”) via the branch wiring CB2.
  • first branch breaker 40 receives an AC voltage (100 V) applied between the neutral phase (N phase) and the second voltage phase (L2 phase) as a first branch breaker. 40 is input.
  • the measurement unit 5 incorporates a power supply circuit 50 formed of, for example, an AC / DC converter.
  • the measurement unit 5 uses the power supply circuit 50 to convert the input AC voltage into a desired DC voltage (for example, 4.5 V) to obtain an operating power supply.
  • the measurement unit 5 and the second communication adapter 7 are electrically connected by a power line. Therefore, the second communication adapter 7 obtains an operating power supply by being supplied with a DC voltage from the power supply circuit 50 of the measurement unit 5 via the power supply line.
  • a board-to-board (BtoB: Board to Board) connector (not shown) is provided between the board (not shown) of the first communication adapter 6 and the board (not shown) of the second communication adapter 7. It is electrically connected via. Accordingly, the first communication adapter 6 obtains an operating power supply by being supplied with a DC voltage from the second communication adapter 7 via the board-to-board connector. In addition, communication data is transmitted and received between the first communication adapter 6 and the second communication adapter 7 via the board-to-board connector.
  • the first communication adapter 6 is connected to one of the plurality of branch breakers 4 via the branch breaker 4 (that is, the first branch breaker 40) and the branch wiring CB2 electrically connected to the branch breaker 4.
  • the main circuit breaker 3 is electrically connected to the main wiring CB1.
  • the first communication adapter 6 includes a first communication circuit 60 that performs bidirectional power line communication with the power meter 8 using a power line as a transmission path.
  • the first communication circuit 60 has a function of separating and receiving a PLC signal superimposed on an alternating current flowing through the power line and transmitting communication data included in the PLC signal to the second communication adapter 7.
  • the first communication circuit 60 has a function of superimposing a PLC signal including communication data transmitted from the second communication adapter 7 on an alternating current flowing through the power line and transmitting it to the power meter 8.
  • the PLC signal is superimposed on the alternating current flowing through the first voltage phase (L1 phase) power line and the second voltage phase (L2 phase) power line to perform power line communication.
  • the “PLC signal” is a signal transmitted / received by power line communication, and is a signal having a frequency higher than the power supply frequency of the system power supply.
  • the second communication adapter 7 includes a second communication circuit 70 that performs bidirectional wireless communication using a radio wave as a medium with a device management apparatus (not shown).
  • the second communication circuit 70 transmits a radio signal including data of measurement results in the measurement unit 5 and communication data transmitted from the electric utility via the power meter 8 and the first communication adapter 6 to the device management apparatus. It has a function to do.
  • the second communication circuit 70 has a function of receiving a radio signal transmitted from the device management apparatus and transmitting communication data included in the radio signal to the first communication adapter 6.
  • the specification of the radio signal is selected from conventionally known standards such as specific low power radio (for example, 400 MHz band and 920 MHz band) and wireless LAN (Local Area Network).
  • the device management device is a controller that manages a plurality of electrical devices in a building.
  • This device management apparatus controls the operation of each electrical device and manages the power usage of each electrical device. That is, a HEMS (Home Energy Management System) network as a customer (customer's facility) side network is constructed by the device management apparatus and a plurality of electrical devices having a communication function. Note that it is not necessary for all the electrical devices electrically connected to the plurality of branch wirings CB2 to have a communication function, and some of the electrical devices only have to have a communication function.
  • HEMS Home Energy Management System
  • the second communication adapter 7 may be configured to perform wireless communication not only with the device management apparatus but also with a mobile terminal such as a smart phone.
  • the user can acquire information such as hourly fee information, power supply information, and demand response (Demand Response) information transmitted from the electric utility through the portable terminal.
  • information such as hourly fee information, power supply information, and demand response (Demand Response) information transmitted from the electric utility through the portable terminal.
  • the power meter 8 is an electronic power meter having a measuring function for measuring the amount of power used and a communication function for communicating with other devices, and is a so-called smart meter.
  • the electric power meter 8 is installed in a consumer in order for an electric power company to collect a power charge.
  • the electric power meter 8 measures the total amount of electric power supplied from the electric power company to the consumer, and transmits meter reading information including the total used amount to the electric power company.
  • the power meter 8 receives hourly charge information and power provision information transmitted from the electric power company, and transmits these information to the first communication adapter 6 by power line communication. Further, the power meter 8 receives communication data transmitted from the device management apparatus via the first communication adapter 6 and the second communication adapter 7 and transmits the communication data to the electric utility.
  • the first communication circuit 60 of the first communication adapter 6 includes a first voltage phase (L1 phase) power line and a second voltage phase (L2 phase) in the branch wiring CB2, as shown in FIG. 1B.
  • L1 phase first voltage phase
  • L2 phase second voltage phase
  • the first communication adapter 6 performs power line communication with the power meter 8 using the transmission path via the first branch breaker 40 and the main breaker 3.
  • the first communication adapter 6 (communication module) performs power line communication with the power meter 8 (external device) via any one of the plurality of branch breakers 4.
  • the first communication adapter 6 (communication module) is provided so as to perform power line communication with the power meter 8 (external device) via the branch breaker 4. ing.
  • the 1st communication adapter 6 is attached to the distribution board 1 by removing the branch breaker 4 from a system power supply, or the 1st communication adapter 6 is removed from the distribution board 1 Can be. Therefore, in the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment, the first communication adapter 6 can be attached without disconnecting the main breaker 3 from the system power supply.
  • the first communication adapter 6 performs power line communication with the power meter 8 via the first branch breaker 40 to which the measurement unit 5 is electrically connected.
  • the power line communication may be performed via another branch breaker 4.
  • the first communication adapter 6 may electrically connect the first branch breaker 40 with the branch breaker 4 closest to the main breaker 3 as the first branch breaker 40.
  • the first communication adapter 6 (communication module) communicates with the power meter 8 (external device) via the branch breaker 4 located closest to the main breaker 3 among the plurality of branch breakers 4.
  • the structure which performs may be sufficient.
  • the first branch breaker 40 may be the branch breaker 4 located closest to the main breaker 3 among the plurality of branch breakers 4. In this configuration, since the transmission path between the power meter 8 and the first communication adapter 6 is shortened, it is difficult to be affected by noise, and power line communication can be stabilized.
  • the first communication adapter 6 performs power line communication with the power meter 8 via the branch breaker 4 located closest to the first communication adapter 6 among the plurality of branch breakers 4.
  • the structure to perform may be sufficient.
  • the first branch breaker 40 may be the branch breaker 4 located closest to the first communication adapter 6 (communication module) among the plurality of branch breakers 4. Also in this configuration, since the transmission path between the power meter 8 and the first communication adapter 6 is shortened, it is difficult to be affected by noise, and power line communication can be stabilized.
  • the 1st communication adapter 6 may be the structure which performs power line communication between the electric power meter 8 via the 1st branch breaker 40 and the measurement unit 5, as shown to FIG. 3A and 3B.
  • the measurement unit 5 includes a conversion circuit 51 in addition to the power supply circuit 50.
  • the conversion circuit 51 has a function of separating the PLC signal superimposed on the alternating current flowing through the power line and transmitting it to the second communication adapter 7.
  • the conversion circuit 51 has a function of superimposing a PLC signal including communication data transmitted from the second communication adapter 7 on an alternating current flowing through the power line.
  • the PLC signal output from the conversion circuit 51 is transmitted to the first communication circuit 60 of the first communication adapter 6 via a conductor (not shown) printed on the substrate of the second communication adapter 7.
  • the first communication circuit 60 receives the PLC signal transmitted from the conversion circuit 51 and transmits communication data included in the PLC signal to the second communication adapter 7. Further, the PLC signal transmitted from the first communication circuit 60 is also transmitted to the conversion circuit 51 via the conductor printed on the substrate of the second communication adapter 7 in the same manner as described above.
  • the first communication adapter 6 (communication module) is provided to perform power line communication with the power meter 8 (external device) via the first branch breaker 40 and the measurement unit 5. ing. Therefore, in this configuration, the first communication adapter 6 can be attached to the distribution board 1 or the first communication adapter 6 can be removed from the distribution board 1 by disconnecting the first branch breaker 40 from the system power supply. it can. Therefore, in this configuration, the first communication adapter 6 can be attached without disconnecting the main breaker 3 from the system power supply. Further, in this configuration, the PLC signal is transmitted to the first communication adapter 6 via the conductor of the substrate of the second communication adapter 7. Therefore, in this configuration, it is not necessary to newly electrically connect the first branch breaker 40 and the first communication adapter 6 with the branch wiring CB2.
  • a self-supporting distribution board 10 may be electrically connected to the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment.
  • the self-supporting distribution board 10 includes a main breaker 100, a plurality of branch breakers 101, and a measurement unit 5.
  • the self-supporting distribution board 10 includes a power switch (not shown) that switches between a path that receives power supply from a system power supply and a path that receives power supply from a distributed power supply (not shown).
  • the distributed power source includes, for example, a solar power generation device, a power storage device, an electric vehicle equipped with a storage battery, and the like, and supplies power to the independent distribution board 10 independently of the system power source.
  • the primary side of the main breaker 100 is electrically connected to the secondary side of any branch breaker 4 of the distribution board 1.
  • any one of the plurality of branch breakers 101 is electrically connected to the second communication adapter 7 via the measurement unit 5 and the measurement unit 500 of the distribution board 1.
  • the measurement unit 5 has the same configuration as the measurement unit 5 shown in FIG. 3B.
  • the measurement unit 500 does not have the power supply circuit 50 and the conversion circuit 51, and has a function of supplying a DC voltage supplied from the measurement unit 5 to the second communication adapter 7 and a PLC transmitted from the measurement unit 5. A function of sending a signal to the second communication adapter 7.
  • the self-supporting distribution board 10 electrically connected to the distribution board 1 is normally supplied with power from the system power supply via the branch breaker 4 and the main breaker 100.
  • the power distribution switch 10 switches the route manually or automatically, so that the self-supporting distribution board 10 receives the supply of power from the distributed power supply.
  • the first communication adapter 6 performs power line communication with the power meter 8 via the measurement unit 5 of the self-supporting distribution board 10. For this reason, the transmission line for power line communication (that is, the transmission line for transmitting the PLC signal) becomes long, and power line communication may become unstable. Therefore, in view of stabilization of power line communication, the first communication adapter 6 performs power line communication with the power meter 8 via the branch breaker 4 of the distribution board 1 without using the measurement unit 5. A configuration to perform is desirable.
  • the first communication adapter 6 includes a switching unit 9, and the switching unit 9 is between the first communication adapter 6 and the power meter 8.
  • the configuration may be such that the path for performing power line communication is switched.
  • the switching unit 9 includes a pair of switches 90 and a detection unit 91.
  • Each switch 90 is configured by a c-contact that combines a normally-off a-contact and a normally-on b-contact.
  • a common terminal 900 of each switch 90 is electrically connected to the first communication circuit 60.
  • a normally closed terminal 901 of each switch 90 is electrically connected to the measurement unit 5 via a conductor of the substrate of the second communication adapter 7.
  • a normally open terminal 902 of each switch 90 is electrically connected to the secondary side of the second branch breaker 41.
  • the second branch breaker 41 is a branch breaker 4 different from the first branch breaker 40 among the plurality of branch breakers 4.
  • the detection unit 91 is configured to detect whether or not the second branch breaker 41 is electrically connected to the first communication adapter 6.
  • the detection unit 91 is electrically connected to the pair of input terminals 61 and 62 of the first communication adapter 6.
  • a second branch breaker 41 is electrically connected to the pair of input terminals 61 and 62.
  • the detector 91 compares the input voltage between the pair of input terminals 61 and 62 with a predetermined voltage value (200 V in this case).
  • the detection unit 91 detects that the second branch breaker 41 is electrically connected to the first communication adapter 6 if the input voltage is equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage value.
  • the detection part 91 will detect that the 2nd branch breaker 41 is not electrically connected to the 1st communication adapter 6, if an input voltage is smaller than a predetermined voltage value.
  • the switching unit 9 is configured to automatically switch between the first route and the second route according to the detection result of the detection unit 91.
  • the first route is a route for performing power line communication between the first communication adapter 6 and the power meter 8 via the first branch breaker 40 and the measurement unit 5.
  • the second route is a route for performing power line communication between the first communication adapter 6 and the power meter 8 via the second branch breaker 41.
  • the switching unit 9 When the detection unit 91 detects that the second branch breaker 41 is not electrically connected, the switching unit 9 maintains a state in which the common terminal 900 and the normally closed terminal 901 of each switch 90 are electrically connected. Therefore, in this case, power line communication is performed between the first communication adapter 6 and the power meter 8 through the first path. On the other hand, when the detection unit 91 detects that the second branch breaker 41 is electrically connected, the switching unit 9 makes the common terminal of each switch 90 and the normally open terminal 902 conductive. Therefore, in this case, power line communication is performed between the first communication adapter 6 and the power meter 8 through the second path.
  • the first communication circuit 60 is configured to switch processing according to the detection result of the detection unit 91. That is, when the detection unit 91 detects that the second branch breaker 41 is not electrically connected, a PLC signal is supplied to the first communication circuit 60 via the first path. For this reason, the first communication circuit 60 executes a process of receiving a PLC signal transmitted from the measurement unit 5. On the other hand, when the detection unit 91 detects that the second branch breaker 41 is electrically connected, an alternating current is supplied to the first communication circuit 60 via the second path. For this reason, the 1st communication circuit 60 performs the process which isolate
  • the second branch breaker 41 is electrically connected to the first communication adapter 6. It is possible to automatically switch to the second route simply by connecting.
  • the switching unit 9 may be configured not to include the detection unit 91 but to include an operation unit (not shown) that manually switches the contact of each switch 90.
  • an operation unit (not shown) that manually switches the contact of each switch 90.
  • a contractor operates the operation unit to switch the contact of each switch 90 and switch the first route and the first route. The two routes can be switched at a desired timing.
  • the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment has the following first characteristics.
  • the distribution board 1 includes a main breaker 3, a plurality of branch breakers 4, and a first communication adapter 6 (communication module).
  • the plurality of branch breakers 4 are electrically connected to the secondary side of the main breaker 3, respectively.
  • the first communication adapter 6 performs power line communication using a power line as a transmission line with a power meter 8 (external device) electrically connected to the primary side of the main breaker 3.
  • the first communication adapter 6 performs power line communication with the power meter 8 via the first branch breaker 40 that is any one of the plurality of branch breakers 4.
  • the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment may have the following second feature in addition to the first feature.
  • the first branch breaker 40 is the branch breaker 4 located closest to the main breaker 3 among the plurality of branch breakers 4.
  • the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment may have the following third feature in addition to the first feature.
  • the first branch breaker 40 is the branch breaker 4 located closest to the first communication adapter 6 among the plurality of branch breakers 4.
  • the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment may have the following fourth feature in addition to any of the first to third features.
  • the distribution board 1 further includes a measurement unit 5 that measures the power consumption of each of the plurality of branch circuits branched by the plurality of branch breakers 4.
  • the first communication adapter 6 performs power line communication with the power meter 8 via the first branch breaker 40 and the measurement unit 5.
  • the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment may have the following fifth feature in addition to the fourth feature.
  • the measurement unit 5 includes a conversion circuit 51 having a function of separating a signal superimposed on an alternating current flowing through the power line and a function of superimposing a signal on the alternating current flowing through the power line.
  • the first communication adapter 6 performs power line communication with the power meter 8 via the first branch breaker 40 and the conversion circuit 51.
  • the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment may have the following sixth feature in addition to the fourth or fifth feature.
  • the first communication adapter 6 includes a switching unit 9 that switches a path for performing power line communication with the power meter 8.
  • the switching part 9 has the 1st path
  • the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment may have the following seventh feature in addition to the sixth feature.
  • the switching unit 9 includes a detection unit 91 that detects whether or not the second branch breaker 41 is electrically connected to the first communication adapter 6. And the switching part 9 is comprised so that a 1st path
  • route may be switched according to the detection result of the detection part 91.
  • the 1st communication adapter 6 (communication module) is provided so that power line communication may be performed between the electric power meter 8 (external apparatus) via the branch breaker 4.
  • FIG. 1st communication adapter 6 is attached to the distribution board 1 by removing the branch breaker 4 from a system power supply, or the 1st communication adapter 6 is removed from the distribution board 1 Can be. Therefore, in the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment, the first communication adapter 6 can be attached without disconnecting the main breaker 3 from the system power supply.

Abstract

The objective of the invention is to provide a distribution switchboard to which a communication module can be attached without disconnecting the master breaker from the system power supply. The distribution switchboard (1) of the invention comprises the master breaker (3), a plurality of branch breakers (4), and a first communication adaptor (6) (communication module). Each of the plurality of branch breakers (4) is electrically connected to the secondary side of the master breaker (3). The first communication adaptor (6) performs, with an electric power meter (8) (external device) electrically connected to the primary side of the master breaker (3), an electric power line communication using an electric power line as a transmission path. The first communication adaptor (6) performs, with the electric power meter (8), the electric power line communication via a first branch breaker (40) that is any one of the plurality of branch breakers (4).

Description

分電盤Distribution board
　本発明は一般に、分電盤、より詳細には外部機器との間で電力線通信を行う通信アダプタが設けられる分電盤に関する。 The present invention generally relates to a distribution board, and more particularly to a distribution board provided with a communication adapter for performing power line communication with an external device.
　従来、電力線通信（ＰＬＣ：Power Line Communication）により機器間で通信を行うシステムが知られており、例えば文献１（日本国特許出願公開番号２０１０－００４３８９）に開示されている。文献１に記載のシステムでは、通信機能を有する電力量計（電力メータ）から電力線通信によって電力線通信信号（以下、「ＰＬＣ信号」という）を受信する端末（通信モジュール）を用いている。 Conventionally, a system for performing communication between devices by power line communication (PLC) is known, and is disclosed in, for example, Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2010-004389). The system described in Document 1 uses a terminal (communication module) that receives a power line communication signal (hereinafter referred to as “PLC signal”) from a watt-hour meter (power meter) having a communication function through power line communication.
　通信モジュールは、電力線通信によって電力メータから受信したＰＬＣ信号を、宅内の電気機器を集中制御する情報盤に送信する。通信モジュールと情報盤との間には制御線が電気的に接続されており、ＰＬＣ信号は制御線を介して通信モジュールから情報盤へ送信される。 The communication module transmits the PLC signal received from the power meter by power line communication to the information panel that centrally controls the electrical devices in the house. A control line is electrically connected between the communication module and the information board, and a PLC signal is transmitted from the communication module to the information board via the control line.
　しかしながら、上記従来例の分電盤では、主幹ブレーカの１次側（系統電源側）に通信モジュールを設けている。このため、通信モジュールを分電盤に取り付ける場合は、系統電源から主幹ブレーカを切り離さなければならない。したがって、通信モジュールを分電盤に取り付ける作業の間は、主幹ブレーカの２次側（負荷側）への電力供給が停止するという問題があった。 However, in the above-described conventional distribution board, a communication module is provided on the primary side (system power supply side) of the main breaker. For this reason, when attaching a communication module to a distribution board, the main breaker must be disconnected from the system power supply. Therefore, there has been a problem that power supply to the secondary side (load side) of the main breaker is stopped during the work of attaching the communication module to the distribution board.
　本発明は、上記の点に鑑みて為されており、系統電源から主幹ブレーカを切り離すことなく通信モジュールを取り付けることのできる分電盤を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object thereof is to provide a distribution board to which a communication module can be attached without disconnecting a main breaker from a system power supply.
　本発明の一態様に係る分電盤は、主幹ブレーカと、複数の分岐ブレーカと、通信モジュールとを備える。前記複数の分岐ブレーカは、それぞれ前記主幹ブレーカの２次側に電気的に接続される。前記通信モジュールは、前記主幹ブレーカの１次側に電気的に接続される外部機器との間で電力線を伝送路に用いた電力線通信を行う。そして、前記通信モジュールは、前記複数の分岐ブレーカのうちの何れか１つである第１分岐ブレーカを介して前記外部機器との間で電力線通信を行う。 The distribution board according to an aspect of the present invention includes a main breaker, a plurality of branch breakers, and a communication module. Each of the plurality of branch breakers is electrically connected to the secondary side of the main breaker. The communication module performs power line communication using a power line as a transmission path with an external device electrically connected to the primary side of the main breaker. The communication module performs power line communication with the external device via a first branch breaker that is any one of the plurality of branch breakers.
図１Ａは、実施形態に係る分電盤を示す概略図で、図１Ｂは、図１Ａに示す構成において、第１分岐ブレーカと第１通信アダプタとの間の配線を示す図である。FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram illustrating a distribution board according to the embodiment, and FIG. 1B is a diagram illustrating wiring between the first branch breaker and the first communication adapter in the configuration illustrated in FIG. 1A. 実施形態に係る分電盤における他の構成を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows the other structure in the distribution board which concerns on embodiment. 図３Ａは、実施形態に係る分電盤において、計測ユニットを介して電力線通信を行う構成を示す概略図で、図３Ｂは、図３Ａに示す構成において、第１分岐ブレーカと第１通信アダプタとの間の配線を示す図である。FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration in which power line communication is performed via a measurement unit in the distribution board according to the embodiment, and FIG. 3B is a diagram illustrating a first branch breaker and a first communication adapter in the configuration illustrated in FIG. 3A. It is a figure which shows the wiring between. 図４Ａは、実施形態に係る分電盤において、自立型分電盤を電気的に接続した構成を示す概略図で、図４Ｂは、図４Ａに示す構成において、自立型分電盤に設けられる計測ユニットを示す図である。4A is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration in which a self-supporting distribution board is electrically connected in the distribution board according to the embodiment, and FIG. 4B is provided in the self-supporting distribution board in the configuration illustrated in FIG. 4A. It is a figure which shows a measurement unit. 図５Ａは、実施形態に係る分電盤において、電力線通信の経路を切り替え可能とした構成を示す概略図で、図５Ｂは、図５Ａに示す構成において、第１通信アダプタの構成を示す図である。5A is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration in which the power line communication path can be switched in the distribution board according to the embodiment, and FIG. 5B is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the first communication adapter in the configuration illustrated in FIG. 5A. is there.
　本発明の実施形態に係る分電盤１は、図１Ａ，図１Ｂに示すように、主幹ブレーカ３と、複数の分岐ブレーカ４と、第１通信アダプタ６（通信モジュール）とを備える。複数の分岐ブレーカ４は、それぞれ主幹ブレーカ３の２次側に電気的に接続される。第１通信アダプタ６は、主幹ブレーカ３の１次側に電気的に接続される電力メータ８（外部機器）との間で電力線を伝送路に用いた電力線通信を行う。そして、第１通信アダプタ６は、複数の分岐ブレーカ４のうちの何れか１つである第１分岐ブレーカ４０を介して電力メータ８との間で電力線通信を行う。 As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the distribution board 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a main breaker 3, a plurality of branch breakers 4, and a first communication adapter 6 (communication module). The plurality of branch breakers 4 are electrically connected to the secondary side of the main breaker 3, respectively. The first communication adapter 6 performs power line communication using a power line as a transmission line with a power meter 8 (external device) electrically connected to the primary side of the main breaker 3. The first communication adapter 6 performs power line communication with the power meter 8 via the first branch breaker 40 that is any one of the plurality of branch breakers 4.
　以下、本発明の実施形態に係る分電盤１について図面を用いて説明する。なお、本実施形態の分電盤１では、単相３線式の低圧配電方式により系統電源（図示せず）から電力が供給されているが、例えば単相２線式の低圧配電方式により系統電源から電力が供給されていてもよい。本実施形態の分電盤１は、図１Ａ，図１Ｂに示すように、キャビネット２と、主幹ブレーカ３と、複数の分岐ブレーカ４と、計測ユニット５と、第１通信アダプタ６（通信モジュール）と、第２通信アダプタ７とを備える。また、主幹ブレーカ３と系統電源との間には、電力メータ８（外部機器）が電気的に接続されている。 Hereinafter, a distribution board 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the distribution board 1 of this embodiment, power is supplied from a system power supply (not shown) by a single-phase three-wire low-voltage distribution system. For example, a system is provided by a single-phase two-wire low-voltage distribution system. Power may be supplied from a power source. As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment includes a cabinet 2, a main breaker 3, a plurality of branch breakers 4, a measurement unit 5, and a first communication adapter 6 (communication module). And a second communication adapter 7. A power meter 8 (external device) is electrically connected between the main breaker 3 and the system power supply.
　キャビネット２は、合成樹脂成型品などにより形成され、本体２０と、蓋（図示せず）とで構成される。本体２０は、一面を開口した箱状に形成されている。蓋は、本体２０の開口を覆う形状に形成されている。蓋は、本体２０の開口を塞ぐ位置と、本体２０の開口を開放する位置との間で回転自在となるように、本体２０に取り付けられている。 The cabinet 2 is formed of a synthetic resin molded product or the like, and includes a main body 20 and a lid (not shown). The main body 20 is formed in a box shape with one surface open. The lid is formed in a shape that covers the opening of the main body 20. The lid is attached to the main body 20 so as to be rotatable between a position for closing the opening of the main body 20 and a position for opening the opening of the main body 20.
　主幹ブレーカ３の１次側（系統電源側）には、３本の主幹配線ＣＢ１の各々の一端が電気的に接続されている。３本の主幹配線ＣＢ１の各々の他端は、電力メータ８を介して電気事業者が提供する系統電源に電気的に接続されている。また、主幹ブレーカ３の２次側（負荷側）は、導電バー（図示せず）に電気的に接続されている。 One end of each of the three main wirings CB1 is electrically connected to the primary side (system power supply side) of the main circuit breaker 3. The other end of each of the three main wirings CB1 is electrically connected to a system power supply provided by an electric power company via a power meter 8. The secondary side (load side) of the main breaker 3 is electrically connected to a conductive bar (not shown).
　分岐ブレーカ４の１次側は、分岐ブレーカ４を導電バーにプラグイン（plug-in）接続することにより、主幹ブレーカ３の２次側と電気的に接続される。また、分岐ブレーカ４の２次側には、分岐配線ＣＢ２の一端が電気的に接続されている。分岐配線ＣＢ２の他端には、例えばテレビ、オーディオ機器、冷蔵庫、食器洗浄機、エアコン、照明機器などの電気機器（図示せず）が電気的に接続されている。分岐ブレーカ４の２次側には、図１Ｂに示すように、分岐配線ＣＢ２を構成する３本の電力線に対応した３つの端子が設けられている。同図では、中性相の電力線に対応する端子を「Ｎ」、第１の電圧相の電力線に対応する端子を「Ｌ１」、第２の電圧相の電力線に対応する端子を「Ｌ２」と記載している。 The primary side of the branch breaker 4 is electrically connected to the secondary side of the main breaker 3 by plug-in connecting the branch breaker 4 to the conductive bar. Further, one end of the branch wiring CB2 is electrically connected to the secondary side of the branch breaker 4. For example, an electric device (not shown) such as a television, an audio device, a refrigerator, a dishwasher, an air conditioner, and a lighting device is electrically connected to the other end of the branch wiring CB2. On the secondary side of the branch breaker 4, as shown in FIG. 1B, three terminals corresponding to the three power lines constituting the branch wiring CB2 are provided. In the figure, the terminal corresponding to the power line of the neutral phase is “N”, the terminal corresponding to the power line of the first voltage phase is “L1”, and the terminal corresponding to the power line of the second voltage phase is “L2”. It is described.
　計測ユニット５は、複数の分岐配線ＣＢ２それぞれに設けた複数の電流センサ（図示せず）により各分岐配線ＣＢ２に流れる電流を計測し、電気機器に供給される使用電力を分岐配線ＣＢ２毎に算出する。換言すれば、計測ユニット５は、複数の分岐ブレーカ４で分岐された複数の分岐回路の各々の使用電力を計測する。電流センサとしては、例えばロゴスキーセンサやカレントトランスが用いられる。なお、計測ユニット５は、分電盤１に太陽光発電ユニットが電気的に接続される場合、太陽光発電による発電電力や売電電力を計測するように構成されていてもよい。使用電力の計測結果は、計測ユニット５と第２通信アダプタ７との間をケーブル（図示せず）で電気的に接続し、例えばＲＳ－４８５などの規格に従って有線信号により送信される。 The measurement unit 5 measures the current flowing through each branch wiring CB2 by a plurality of current sensors (not shown) provided in each of the plurality of branch wirings CB2, and calculates the power used to be supplied to the electrical equipment for each branch wiring CB2. To do. In other words, the measurement unit 5 measures the power consumption of each of the plurality of branch circuits branched by the plurality of branch breakers 4. For example, a Rogowski sensor or a current transformer is used as the current sensor. Note that the measurement unit 5 may be configured to measure the power generated by the solar power generation or the power selling power when the solar power generation unit is electrically connected to the distribution board 1. The measurement result of the power consumption is electrically connected between the measurement unit 5 and the second communication adapter 7 with a cable (not shown), and is transmitted as a wired signal in accordance with a standard such as RS-485.
　ここで、計測ユニット５は、複数の分岐ブレーカ４のうちの何れか１つの分岐ブレーカ（以下、「第１分岐ブレーカ４０」と称する）に分岐配線ＣＢ２を介して電気的に接続されている。そして、計測ユニット５には、図１Ｂに示すように、中性相（Ｎ相）と第２の電圧相（Ｌ２相）との間に印加される交流電圧（１００Ｖ）が、第１分岐ブレーカ４０を介して入力されている。計測ユニット５には、図１Ｂに示すように、例えばＡＣ／ＤＣコンバータで構成される電源回路５０が内蔵されている。計測ユニット５は、この電源回路５０により、入力された交流電圧を所望の直流電圧（例えば、４．５Ｖ）に変換して動作電源を得ている。また、計測ユニット５と第２通信アダプタ７との間は、電源線で電気的に接続されている。したがって、第２通信アダプタ７は、電源線を介して計測ユニット５の電源回路５０から直流電圧を供給されることで、動作電源を得ている。 Here, the measurement unit 5 is electrically connected to any one of the plurality of branch breakers 4 (hereinafter referred to as “first branch breaker 40”) via the branch wiring CB2. As shown in FIG. 1B, the measurement unit 5 receives an AC voltage (100 V) applied between the neutral phase (N phase) and the second voltage phase (L2 phase) as a first branch breaker. 40 is input. As shown in FIG. 1B, the measurement unit 5 incorporates a power supply circuit 50 formed of, for example, an AC / DC converter. The measurement unit 5 uses the power supply circuit 50 to convert the input AC voltage into a desired DC voltage (for example, 4.5 V) to obtain an operating power supply. The measurement unit 5 and the second communication adapter 7 are electrically connected by a power line. Therefore, the second communication adapter 7 obtains an operating power supply by being supplied with a DC voltage from the power supply circuit 50 of the measurement unit 5 via the power supply line.
　また、第１通信アダプタ６の基板（図示せず）と、第２通信アダプタ７の基板（図示せず）との間は、基板対基板（ＢｔｏＢ：Board to Board）用コネクタ（図示せず）を介して電気的に接続されている。したがって、第１通信アダプタ６は、基板対基板用コネクタを介して第２通信アダプタ７から直流電圧を供給されることで、動作電源を得ている。また、この基板対基板用コネクタを介して、第１通信アダプタ６と第２通信アダプタ７との間で通信データを送受信する。 Further, a board-to-board (BtoB: Board to Board) connector (not shown) is provided between the board (not shown) of the first communication adapter 6 and the board (not shown) of the second communication adapter 7. It is electrically connected via. Accordingly, the first communication adapter 6 obtains an operating power supply by being supplied with a DC voltage from the second communication adapter 7 via the board-to-board connector. In addition, communication data is transmitted and received between the first communication adapter 6 and the second communication adapter 7 via the board-to-board connector.
　第１通信アダプタ６は、複数の分岐ブレーカ４のうち何れか１つの分岐ブレーカ４（すなわち、第１分岐ブレーカ４０）と、当該分岐ブレーカ４に電気的に接続される分岐配線ＣＢ２とを介して、主幹ブレーカ３の主幹配線ＣＢ１に電気的に接続されている。第１通信アダプタ６は、図１Ｂに示すように、電力メータ８との間で電力線を伝送路に用いた双方向の電力線通信を行う第１通信回路６０を備えている。第１通信回路６０は、電力線を流れる交流電流に重畳されたＰＬＣ信号を分離して受信し、ＰＬＣ信号に含まれる通信データを第２通信アダプタ７に送信する機能を有している。また、第１通信回路６０は、第２通信アダプタ７から送信される通信データを含むＰＬＣ信号を、電力線を流れる交流電流に重畳させ、電力メータ８に送信する機能を有している。本実施形態の分電盤１では、第１の電圧相（Ｌ１相）の電力線と、第２の電圧相（Ｌ２相）の電力線とを流れる交流電流にＰＬＣ信号を重畳させ、電力線通信を行っている。なお、「ＰＬＣ信号」とは、電力線通信で送受信される信号であり、系統電源の電源周波数よりも高い周波数の信号である。 The first communication adapter 6 is connected to one of the plurality of branch breakers 4 via the branch breaker 4 (that is, the first branch breaker 40) and the branch wiring CB2 electrically connected to the branch breaker 4. The main circuit breaker 3 is electrically connected to the main wiring CB1. As illustrated in FIG. 1B, the first communication adapter 6 includes a first communication circuit 60 that performs bidirectional power line communication with the power meter 8 using a power line as a transmission path. The first communication circuit 60 has a function of separating and receiving a PLC signal superimposed on an alternating current flowing through the power line and transmitting communication data included in the PLC signal to the second communication adapter 7. In addition, the first communication circuit 60 has a function of superimposing a PLC signal including communication data transmitted from the second communication adapter 7 on an alternating current flowing through the power line and transmitting it to the power meter 8. In the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment, the PLC signal is superimposed on the alternating current flowing through the first voltage phase (L1 phase) power line and the second voltage phase (L2 phase) power line to perform power line communication. ing. The “PLC signal” is a signal transmitted / received by power line communication, and is a signal having a frequency higher than the power supply frequency of the system power supply.
　第２通信アダプタ７は、図１Ｂに示すように、機器管理装置（図示せず）との間で電波を媒体とした双方向の無線通信を行う第２通信回路７０を備える。第２通信回路７０は、計測ユニット５での計測結果のデータや、電気事業者から電力メータ８及び第１通信アダプタ６を介して送信される通信データを含む無線信号を、機器管理装置に送信する機能を有している。また、第２通信回路７０は、機器管理装置から送信される無線信号を受信し、無線信号に含まれる通信データを第１通信アダプタ６に送信する機能を有している。無線信号の仕様は、例えば特定小電力無線（例えば、４００ＭＨｚ帯や９２０ＭＨｚ帯）や無線ＬＡＮ（Local Area Network）などの従来周知の規格から選択される。 As shown in FIG. 1B, the second communication adapter 7 includes a second communication circuit 70 that performs bidirectional wireless communication using a radio wave as a medium with a device management apparatus (not shown). The second communication circuit 70 transmits a radio signal including data of measurement results in the measurement unit 5 and communication data transmitted from the electric utility via the power meter 8 and the first communication adapter 6 to the device management apparatus. It has a function to do. The second communication circuit 70 has a function of receiving a radio signal transmitted from the device management apparatus and transmitting communication data included in the radio signal to the first communication adapter 6. The specification of the radio signal is selected from conventionally known standards such as specific low power radio (for example, 400 MHz band and 920 MHz band) and wireless LAN (Local Area Network).
　機器管理装置は、建物内の複数の電気機器を管理するコントローラである。この機器管理装置は、各電気機器の動作を制御したり、各電気機器の電力使用を管理したりする。すなわち、機器管理装置と、通信機能を有する複数の電気機器とで、需要家（customer’s facility）側のネットワークとしてのＨＥＭＳ（Home Energy Management System）ネットワークが構築される。なお、複数の分岐配線ＣＢ２に電気的に接続された全ての電気機器が通信機能を有している必要はなく、一部の電気機器が通信機能を有していればよい。 The device management device is a controller that manages a plurality of electrical devices in a building. This device management apparatus controls the operation of each electrical device and manages the power usage of each electrical device. That is, a HEMS (Home Energy Management System) network as a customer (customer's facility) side network is constructed by the device management apparatus and a plurality of electrical devices having a communication function. Note that it is not necessary for all the electrical devices electrically connected to the plurality of branch wirings CB2 to have a communication function, and some of the electrical devices only have to have a communication function.
　なお、第２通信アダプタ７は、機器管理装置だけではなく、スマートホン等の携帯端末との間でも無線通信を行う構成であってもよい。この構成では、電気事業者から送信される時間別料金情報や電力提供情報、デマンドレスポンス（Demand Response）の通知などの情報を、携帯端末を通して利用者が取得することができる。 Note that the second communication adapter 7 may be configured to perform wireless communication not only with the device management apparatus but also with a mobile terminal such as a smart phone. In this configuration, the user can acquire information such as hourly fee information, power supply information, and demand response (Demand Response) information transmitted from the electric utility through the portable terminal.
　電力メータ８は、電力の使用量を計測する計測機能と、他の機器と通信する通信機能とを有する電子式電力メータであって、所謂スマートメータ（Smart Meter）である。電力メータ８は、電気事業者が電力料金を徴収するために需要家に設置されている。電力メータ８は、電気事業者から需要家に供給される電力の総使用量を計測し、この総使用量を含む検針情報を電気事業者に送信する。また、電力メータ８は、電気事業者から送信される時間別料金情報や電力提供情報を受信し、これら情報を電力線通信により第１通信アダプタ６に送信する。更に、電力メータ８は、第１通信アダプタ６及び第２通信アダプタ７を介して機器管理装置から送信される通信データを受信し、電気事業者に送信する。 The power meter 8 is an electronic power meter having a measuring function for measuring the amount of power used and a communication function for communicating with other devices, and is a so-called smart meter. The electric power meter 8 is installed in a consumer in order for an electric power company to collect a power charge. The electric power meter 8 measures the total amount of electric power supplied from the electric power company to the consumer, and transmits meter reading information including the total used amount to the electric power company. Moreover, the power meter 8 receives hourly charge information and power provision information transmitted from the electric power company, and transmits these information to the first communication adapter 6 by power line communication. Further, the power meter 8 receives communication data transmitted from the device management apparatus via the first communication adapter 6 and the second communication adapter 7 and transmits the communication data to the electric utility.
　ここで、第１通信アダプタ６の第１通信回路６０は、図１Ｂに示すように、分岐配線ＣＢ２のうち第１の電圧相（Ｌ１相）の電力線と、第２の電圧相（Ｌ２相）の電力線とを介して第１分岐ブレーカ４０に電気的に接続されている。このため、第１通信アダプタ６は、第１分岐ブレーカ４０及び主幹ブレーカ３を介する伝送路を用いて電力メータ８との間で電力線通信を行っている。換言すれば、第１通信アダプタ６（通信モジュール）は、複数の分岐ブレーカ４のうちの何れかの分岐ブレーカ４を介して電力メータ８（外部機器）との間で電力線通信を行っている。 Here, the first communication circuit 60 of the first communication adapter 6 includes a first voltage phase (L1 phase) power line and a second voltage phase (L2 phase) in the branch wiring CB2, as shown in FIG. 1B. Are electrically connected to the first branch breaker 40 via the power line. For this reason, the first communication adapter 6 performs power line communication with the power meter 8 using the transmission path via the first branch breaker 40 and the main breaker 3. In other words, the first communication adapter 6 (communication module) performs power line communication with the power meter 8 (external device) via any one of the plurality of branch breakers 4.
　上述のように、本実施形態の分電盤１では、分岐ブレーカ４を介して電力メータ８（外部機器）との間で電力線通信を行うように第１通信アダプタ６（通信モジュール）が設けられている。このため、本実施形態の分電盤１では、分岐ブレーカ４を系統電源から切り離すことで、第１通信アダプタ６を分電盤１に取り付けたり、第１通信アダプタ６を分電盤１から取り外したりすることができる。したがって、本実施形態の分電盤１では、系統電源から主幹ブレーカ３を切り離すことなく第１通信アダプタ６を取り付けることができる。 As described above, in the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment, the first communication adapter 6 (communication module) is provided so as to perform power line communication with the power meter 8 (external device) via the branch breaker 4. ing. For this reason, in the distribution board 1 of this embodiment, the 1st communication adapter 6 is attached to the distribution board 1 by removing the branch breaker 4 from a system power supply, or the 1st communication adapter 6 is removed from the distribution board 1 Can be. Therefore, in the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment, the first communication adapter 6 can be attached without disconnecting the main breaker 3 from the system power supply.
　なお、本実施形態の分電盤１では、第１通信アダプタ６は、計測ユニット５が電気的に接続される第１分岐ブレーカ４０を介して電力メータ８との間で電力線通信を行っているが、他の分岐ブレーカ４を介して電力線通信を行う構成でもよい。例えば、第１通信アダプタ６は、図２に示すように、主幹ブレーカ３に最も近い分岐ブレーカ４を第１分岐ブレーカ４０として、当該第１分岐ブレーカ４０に電気的に接続してもよい。換言すれば、第１通信アダプタ６（通信モジュール）が、複数の分岐ブレーカ４のうち主幹ブレーカ３に最も近い位置にある分岐ブレーカ４を介して電力メータ８（外部機器）との間で電力線通信を行う構成でもよい。さらに換言すれば、第１分岐ブレーカ４０は、複数の分岐ブレーカ４のうち主幹ブレーカ３に最も近い位置にある分岐ブレーカ４であってもよい。この構成では、電力メータ８と第１通信アダプタ６との間の伝送路が短くなるため、ノイズの影響を受け難く、電力線通信の安定化を図ることができる。 In the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment, the first communication adapter 6 performs power line communication with the power meter 8 via the first branch breaker 40 to which the measurement unit 5 is electrically connected. However, the power line communication may be performed via another branch breaker 4. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the first communication adapter 6 may electrically connect the first branch breaker 40 with the branch breaker 4 closest to the main breaker 3 as the first branch breaker 40. In other words, the first communication adapter 6 (communication module) communicates with the power meter 8 (external device) via the branch breaker 4 located closest to the main breaker 3 among the plurality of branch breakers 4. The structure which performs may be sufficient. Furthermore, in other words, the first branch breaker 40 may be the branch breaker 4 located closest to the main breaker 3 among the plurality of branch breakers 4. In this configuration, since the transmission path between the power meter 8 and the first communication adapter 6 is shortened, it is difficult to be affected by noise, and power line communication can be stabilized.
　また、第１通信アダプタ６は、図２に示すように、複数の分岐ブレーカ４のうち第１通信アダプタ６に最も近い位置にある分岐ブレーカ４を介して電力メータ８との間で電力線通信を行う構成でもよい。換言すれば、第１分岐ブレーカ４０は、複数の分岐ブレーカ４のうち第１通信アダプタ６（通信モジュール）に最も近い位置ある分岐ブレーカ４であってもよい。この構成においても、電力メータ８と第１通信アダプタ６との間の伝送路が短くなるため、ノイズの影響を受け難く、電力線通信の安定化を図ることができる。 Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the first communication adapter 6 performs power line communication with the power meter 8 via the branch breaker 4 located closest to the first communication adapter 6 among the plurality of branch breakers 4. The structure to perform may be sufficient. In other words, the first branch breaker 40 may be the branch breaker 4 located closest to the first communication adapter 6 (communication module) among the plurality of branch breakers 4. Also in this configuration, since the transmission path between the power meter 8 and the first communication adapter 6 is shortened, it is difficult to be affected by noise, and power line communication can be stabilized.
　ところで、第１通信アダプタ６は、図３Ａ，図３Ｂに示すように、第１分岐ブレーカ４０及び計測ユニット５を介して電力メータ８との間で電力線通信を行う構成であってもよい。この構成においては、計測ユニット５は、電源回路５０の他に変換回路５１を備える。変換回路５１は、電力線を流れる交流電流に重畳されたＰＬＣ信号を分離し、第２通信アダプタ７に送信する機能を有している。また、変換回路５１は、第２通信アダプタ７から送信される通信データを含むＰＬＣ信号を、電力線を流れる交流電流に重畳させる機能を有している。 By the way, the 1st communication adapter 6 may be the structure which performs power line communication between the electric power meter 8 via the 1st branch breaker 40 and the measurement unit 5, as shown to FIG. 3A and 3B. In this configuration, the measurement unit 5 includes a conversion circuit 51 in addition to the power supply circuit 50. The conversion circuit 51 has a function of separating the PLC signal superimposed on the alternating current flowing through the power line and transmitting it to the second communication adapter 7. The conversion circuit 51 has a function of superimposing a PLC signal including communication data transmitted from the second communication adapter 7 on an alternating current flowing through the power line.
　変換回路５１から出力されるＰＬＣ信号は、第２通信アダプタ７の基板に印刷成形された導体（図示せず）を介して第１通信アダプタ６の第１通信回路６０に送信される。第１通信回路６０では、変換回路５１から送信されるＰＬＣ信号を受信し、ＰＬＣ信号に含まれる通信データを第２通信アダプタ７に送信する。また、第１通信回路６０から送信されるＰＬＣ信号も、上記と同様に、第２通信アダプタ７の基板に印刷成形された導体を介して変換回路５１に送信される。 The PLC signal output from the conversion circuit 51 is transmitted to the first communication circuit 60 of the first communication adapter 6 via a conductor (not shown) printed on the substrate of the second communication adapter 7. The first communication circuit 60 receives the PLC signal transmitted from the conversion circuit 51 and transmits communication data included in the PLC signal to the second communication adapter 7. Further, the PLC signal transmitted from the first communication circuit 60 is also transmitted to the conversion circuit 51 via the conductor printed on the substrate of the second communication adapter 7 in the same manner as described above.
　上述のように、この構成では、第１分岐ブレーカ４０及び計測ユニット５を介して電力メータ８（外部機器）との間で電力線通信を行うように第１通信アダプタ６（通信モジュール）が設けられている。このため、この構成では、第１分岐ブレーカ４０を系統電源から切り離すことで、第１通信アダプタ６を分電盤１に取り付けたり、第１通信アダプタ６を分電盤１から取り外したりすることができる。したがって、この構成では、系統電源から主幹ブレーカ３を切り離すことなく第１通信アダプタ６を取り付けることができる。更に、この構成では、第２通信アダプタ７の基板の導体を介してＰＬＣ信号を第１通信アダプタ６に送信している。したがって、この構成では、第１分岐ブレーカ４０と第１通信アダプタ６とを、新たに分岐配線ＣＢ２で電気的に接続する必要がない。 As described above, in this configuration, the first communication adapter 6 (communication module) is provided to perform power line communication with the power meter 8 (external device) via the first branch breaker 40 and the measurement unit 5. ing. Therefore, in this configuration, the first communication adapter 6 can be attached to the distribution board 1 or the first communication adapter 6 can be removed from the distribution board 1 by disconnecting the first branch breaker 40 from the system power supply. it can. Therefore, in this configuration, the first communication adapter 6 can be attached without disconnecting the main breaker 3 from the system power supply. Further, in this configuration, the PLC signal is transmitted to the first communication adapter 6 via the conductor of the substrate of the second communication adapter 7. Therefore, in this configuration, it is not necessary to newly electrically connect the first branch breaker 40 and the first communication adapter 6 with the branch wiring CB2.
　ところで、図４Ａに示すように、本実施形態の分電盤１に、自立型分電盤１０を電気的に接続する場合がある。自立型分電盤１０は、主幹ブレーカ１００と、複数の分岐ブレーカ１０１と、計測ユニット５とを備える。また、自立型分電盤１０は、系統電源から電力の供給を受ける経路と、分散電源（図示せず）から電力の供給を受ける経路とを切り替える電源切替器（図示せず）を備える。分散電源は、例えば太陽光発電装置、蓄電装置、蓄電池を搭載した電動車両などで構成され、系統電源とは独立して電力を自立型分電盤１０に供給する。 Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 4A, a self-supporting distribution board 10 may be electrically connected to the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment. The self-supporting distribution board 10 includes a main breaker 100, a plurality of branch breakers 101, and a measurement unit 5. In addition, the self-supporting distribution board 10 includes a power switch (not shown) that switches between a path that receives power supply from a system power supply and a path that receives power supply from a distributed power supply (not shown). The distributed power source includes, for example, a solar power generation device, a power storage device, an electric vehicle equipped with a storage battery, and the like, and supplies power to the independent distribution board 10 independently of the system power source.
　主幹ブレーカ１００の１次側は、分電盤１の何れかの分岐ブレーカ４の２次側に電気的に接続されている。また、複数の分岐ブレーカ１０１のうちの何れか１つの分岐ブレーカ１０２は、計測ユニット５及び分電盤１の計測ユニット５００を介して第２通信アダプタ７に電気的に接続されている。なお、計測ユニット５は、図４Ｂに示すように、図３Ｂに示す計測ユニット５と同じ構成である。また、計測ユニット５００は、電源回路５０及び変換回路５１を有しておらず、計測ユニット５から供給される直流電圧を第２通信アダプタ７に供給する機能と、計測ユニット５から送信されるＰＬＣ信号を第２通信アダプタ７に送る機能とを有する。 The primary side of the main breaker 100 is electrically connected to the secondary side of any branch breaker 4 of the distribution board 1. In addition, any one of the plurality of branch breakers 101 is electrically connected to the second communication adapter 7 via the measurement unit 5 and the measurement unit 500 of the distribution board 1. As shown in FIG. 4B, the measurement unit 5 has the same configuration as the measurement unit 5 shown in FIG. 3B. Further, the measurement unit 500 does not have the power supply circuit 50 and the conversion circuit 51, and has a function of supplying a DC voltage supplied from the measurement unit 5 to the second communication adapter 7 and a PLC transmitted from the measurement unit 5. A function of sending a signal to the second communication adapter 7.
　このように分電盤１に電気的に接続された自立型分電盤１０は、通常時は、分岐ブレーカ４及び主幹ブレーカ１００を介して系統電源からの電力の供給を受ける。一方、系統電源からの電力の供給が停止した場合は、電源切替器が手動又は自動で経路を切り替えることで、自立型分電盤１０は分散電源からの電力の供給を受ける。 In this way, the self-supporting distribution board 10 electrically connected to the distribution board 1 is normally supplied with power from the system power supply via the branch breaker 4 and the main breaker 100. On the other hand, when the supply of power from the system power supply is stopped, the power distribution switch 10 switches the route manually or automatically, so that the self-supporting distribution board 10 receives the supply of power from the distributed power supply.
　ここで、図４Ａ，図４Ｂに示す構成では、第１通信アダプタ６は、自立型分電盤１０の計測ユニット５を介して電力メータ８との間で電力線通信を行っている。このため、電力線通信の伝送路（すなわち、ＰＬＣ信号を伝送する伝送路）が長くなり、電力線通信が不安定になる虞がある。したがって、電力線通信の安定化を図ることを鑑みれば、第１通信アダプタ６は、計測ユニット５を介さずに、分電盤１の分岐ブレーカ４を介して電力メータ８との間で電力線通信を行う構成が望ましい。 Here, in the configuration shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the first communication adapter 6 performs power line communication with the power meter 8 via the measurement unit 5 of the self-supporting distribution board 10. For this reason, the transmission line for power line communication (that is, the transmission line for transmitting the PLC signal) becomes long, and power line communication may become unstable. Therefore, in view of stabilization of power line communication, the first communication adapter 6 performs power line communication with the power meter 8 via the branch breaker 4 of the distribution board 1 without using the measurement unit 5. A configuration to perform is desirable.
　なお、本実施形態の分電盤１は、図５Ａ，図５Ｂに示すように、第１通信アダプタ６が切替部９を備え、切替部９が第１通信アダプタ６と電力メータ８との間で電力線通信を行う経路を切り替える構成であってもよい。切替部９は、図５Ｂに示すように、１対のスイッチ９０と、検知部９１とで構成されている。各スイッチ９０は、ノーマリーオフ（normally-off）のａ接点と、ノーマリーオン（normally-on）のｂ接点とを組み合わせたｃ接点でそれぞれ構成されている。各スイッチ９０の共通端子（common terminal）９００は、第１通信回路６０に電気的に接続されている。各スイッチ９０の常閉端子（normally closed terminal）９０１は、第２通信アダプタ７の基板の導体を介して計測ユニット５に電気的に接続されている。各スイッチ９０の常開端子（normally opened terminal）９０２は、第２分岐ブレーカ４１の２次側に電気的に接続されている。ここで、第２分岐ブレーカ４１は、複数の分岐ブレーカ４のうち第１分岐ブレーカ４０とは異なる分岐ブレーカ４である。 In the distribution board 1 of this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the first communication adapter 6 includes a switching unit 9, and the switching unit 9 is between the first communication adapter 6 and the power meter 8. The configuration may be such that the path for performing power line communication is switched. As illustrated in FIG. 5B, the switching unit 9 includes a pair of switches 90 and a detection unit 91. Each switch 90 is configured by a c-contact that combines a normally-off a-contact and a normally-on b-contact. A common terminal 900 of each switch 90 is electrically connected to the first communication circuit 60. A normally closed terminal 901 of each switch 90 is electrically connected to the measurement unit 5 via a conductor of the substrate of the second communication adapter 7. A normally open terminal 902 of each switch 90 is electrically connected to the secondary side of the second branch breaker 41. Here, the second branch breaker 41 is a branch breaker 4 different from the first branch breaker 40 among the plurality of branch breakers 4.
　検知部９１は、第２分岐ブレーカ４１が第１通信アダプタ６に電気的に接続されているか否かを検知するように構成されている。検知部９１は、第１通信アダプタ６の１対の入力端子６１，６２と電気的に接続されている。これら１対の入力端子６１，６２には、第２分岐ブレーカ４１が電気的に接続されている。検知部９１は、これら１対の入力端子６１，６２間の入力電圧と、所定の電圧値（ここでは、２００Ｖ）とを比較する。検知部９１は、入力電圧が所定の電圧値以上であれば、第２分岐ブレーカ４１が第１通信アダプタ６に電気的に接続されていると検知する。また、検知部９１は、入力電圧が所定の電圧値よりも小さければ、第２分岐ブレーカ４１が第１通信アダプタ６に電気的に接続されていないと検知する。 The detection unit 91 is configured to detect whether or not the second branch breaker 41 is electrically connected to the first communication adapter 6. The detection unit 91 is electrically connected to the pair of input terminals 61 and 62 of the first communication adapter 6. A second branch breaker 41 is electrically connected to the pair of input terminals 61 and 62. The detector 91 compares the input voltage between the pair of input terminals 61 and 62 with a predetermined voltage value (200 V in this case). The detection unit 91 detects that the second branch breaker 41 is electrically connected to the first communication adapter 6 if the input voltage is equal to or higher than a predetermined voltage value. Moreover, the detection part 91 will detect that the 2nd branch breaker 41 is not electrically connected to the 1st communication adapter 6, if an input voltage is smaller than a predetermined voltage value.
　切替部９は、検知部９１での検知結果に応じて、第１経路と第２経路とを自動的に切り替えるように構成されている。第１経路は、第１分岐ブレーカ４０及び計測ユニット５を介して第１通信アダプタ６と電力メータ８との間で電力線通信を行う経路である。第２経路は、第２分岐ブレーカ４１を介して第１通信アダプタ６と電力メータ８との間で電力線通信を行う経路である。 The switching unit 9 is configured to automatically switch between the first route and the second route according to the detection result of the detection unit 91. The first route is a route for performing power line communication between the first communication adapter 6 and the power meter 8 via the first branch breaker 40 and the measurement unit 5. The second route is a route for performing power line communication between the first communication adapter 6 and the power meter 8 via the second branch breaker 41.
　切替部９は、検知部９１で第２分岐ブレーカ４１が電気的に接続されていないと検知した場合は、各スイッチ９０の共通端子９００と常閉端子９０１とが導通した状態を維持する。したがって、この場合は、第１経路により第１通信アダプタ６と電力メータ８との間で電力線通信が行われる。一方、切替部９は、検知部９１で第２分岐ブレーカ４１が電気的に接続されていると検知した場合は、各スイッチ９０の共通端子と常開端子９０２とを導通させる。したがって、この場合は、第２経路により第１通信アダプタ６と電力メータ８との間で電力線通信が行われる。 When the detection unit 91 detects that the second branch breaker 41 is not electrically connected, the switching unit 9 maintains a state in which the common terminal 900 and the normally closed terminal 901 of each switch 90 are electrically connected. Therefore, in this case, power line communication is performed between the first communication adapter 6 and the power meter 8 through the first path. On the other hand, when the detection unit 91 detects that the second branch breaker 41 is electrically connected, the switching unit 9 makes the common terminal of each switch 90 and the normally open terminal 902 conductive. Therefore, in this case, power line communication is performed between the first communication adapter 6 and the power meter 8 through the second path.
　第１通信回路６０は、検知部９１での検知結果に応じて処理を切り替えるように構成されている。すなわち、第２分岐ブレーカ４１が電気的に接続されていないと検知部９１が検知した場合は、第１通信回路６０には第１経路を介してＰＬＣ信号が供給される。このため、第１通信回路６０は、計測ユニット５から送信されるＰＬＣ信号を受信する処理を実行する。一方、第２分岐ブレーカ４１が電気的に接続されていると検知部９１が検知した場合は、第１通信回路６０には第２経路を介して交流電流が供給される。このため、第１通信回路６０は、供給される交流電流からＰＬＣ信号を分離して受信する処理を実行する。 The first communication circuit 60 is configured to switch processing according to the detection result of the detection unit 91. That is, when the detection unit 91 detects that the second branch breaker 41 is not electrically connected, a PLC signal is supplied to the first communication circuit 60 via the first path. For this reason, the first communication circuit 60 executes a process of receiving a PLC signal transmitted from the measurement unit 5. On the other hand, when the detection unit 91 detects that the second branch breaker 41 is electrically connected, an alternating current is supplied to the first communication circuit 60 via the second path. For this reason, the 1st communication circuit 60 performs the process which isolate | separates and receives a PLC signal from the supplied alternating current.
　この構成では、例えば計測ユニット５から送信されるＰＬＣ信号の信号強度が弱く、第１経路での電力線通信の通信品質が悪い場合に、第２分岐ブレーカ４１を第１通信アダプタ６に電気的に接続するだけで第２経路に自動的に切り替えることができる。 In this configuration, for example, when the signal strength of the PLC signal transmitted from the measurement unit 5 is weak and the communication quality of power line communication in the first path is poor, the second branch breaker 41 is electrically connected to the first communication adapter 6. It is possible to automatically switch to the second route simply by connecting.
　また、切替部９は、検知部９１を備えずに、手動で各スイッチ９０の接点を切り替える操作部（図示せず）を備える構成であってもよい。この構成では、第２分岐ブレーカ４１が第１通信アダプタ６に電気的に接続されていれば、例えば施工業者が操作部を操作することで、各スイッチ９０の接点を切り替えて第１経路と第２経路とを所望のタイミングで切り替えることができる。 Further, the switching unit 9 may be configured not to include the detection unit 91 but to include an operation unit (not shown) that manually switches the contact of each switch 90. In this configuration, if the second branch breaker 41 is electrically connected to the first communication adapter 6, for example, a contractor operates the operation unit to switch the contact of each switch 90 and switch the first route and the first route. The two routes can be switched at a desired timing.
　以上述べたように、本実施形態の分電盤１は、以下の第１の特徴を有する。 As described above, the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment has the following first characteristics.
　第１の特徴では、分電盤１は、主幹ブレーカ３と、複数の分岐ブレーカ４と、第１通信アダプタ６（通信モジュール）とを備える。複数の分岐ブレーカ４は、それぞれ主幹ブレーカ３の２次側に電気的に接続される。第１通信アダプタ６は、主幹ブレーカ３の１次側に電気的に接続される電力メータ８（外部機器）との間で電力線を伝送路に用いた電力線通信を行う。そして、第１通信アダプタ６は、複数の分岐ブレーカ４のうちの何れか１つである第１分岐ブレーカ４０を介して電力メータ８との間で電力線通信を行う。 In the first feature, the distribution board 1 includes a main breaker 3, a plurality of branch breakers 4, and a first communication adapter 6 (communication module). The plurality of branch breakers 4 are electrically connected to the secondary side of the main breaker 3, respectively. The first communication adapter 6 performs power line communication using a power line as a transmission line with a power meter 8 (external device) electrically connected to the primary side of the main breaker 3. The first communication adapter 6 performs power line communication with the power meter 8 via the first branch breaker 40 that is any one of the plurality of branch breakers 4.
　また、本実施形態の分電盤１は、第１の特徴に加えて、以下の第２の特徴を有していてもよい。 Moreover, the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment may have the following second feature in addition to the first feature.
　第２の特徴では、第１分岐ブレーカ４０は、複数の分岐ブレーカ４のうち主幹ブレーカ３に最も近い位置にある分岐ブレーカ４である。 In the second feature, the first branch breaker 40 is the branch breaker 4 located closest to the main breaker 3 among the plurality of branch breakers 4.
　また、本実施形態の分電盤１は、第１の特徴に加えて、以下の第３の特徴を有していてもよい。 Moreover, the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment may have the following third feature in addition to the first feature.
　第３の特徴では、第１分岐ブレーカ４０は、複数の分岐ブレーカ４のうち第１通信アダプタ６に最も近い位置にある分岐ブレーカ４である。 In the third feature, the first branch breaker 40 is the branch breaker 4 located closest to the first communication adapter 6 among the plurality of branch breakers 4.
　また、本実施形態の分電盤１は、第１～第３の何れかの特徴に加えて、以下の第４の特徴を有していてもよい。 The distribution board 1 of the present embodiment may have the following fourth feature in addition to any of the first to third features.
　第４の特徴では、分電盤１は、複数の分岐ブレーカ４で分岐された複数の分岐回路の各々の使用電力を計測する計測ユニット５をさらに備える。そして、第１通信アダプタ６は、第１分岐ブレーカ４０及び計測ユニット５を介して電力メータ８との間で電力線通信を行う。 In the fourth feature, the distribution board 1 further includes a measurement unit 5 that measures the power consumption of each of the plurality of branch circuits branched by the plurality of branch breakers 4. The first communication adapter 6 performs power line communication with the power meter 8 via the first branch breaker 40 and the measurement unit 5.
　また、本実施形態の分電盤１は、第４の特徴に加えて、以下の第５の特徴を有していてもよい。 Moreover, the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment may have the following fifth feature in addition to the fourth feature.
　第５の特徴では、計測ユニット５は、電力線を流れる交流電流に重畳された信号を分離する機能と、電力線を流れる交流電流に信号を重畳させる機能とを有する変換回路５１を備える。そして、第１通信アダプタ６は、第１分岐ブレーカ４０及び変換回路５１を介して電力メータ８との間で電力線通信を行う。 In the fifth feature, the measurement unit 5 includes a conversion circuit 51 having a function of separating a signal superimposed on an alternating current flowing through the power line and a function of superimposing a signal on the alternating current flowing through the power line. The first communication adapter 6 performs power line communication with the power meter 8 via the first branch breaker 40 and the conversion circuit 51.
　また、本実施形態の分電盤１は、第４又は第５の特徴に加えて、以下の第６の特徴を有していてもよい。 Moreover, the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment may have the following sixth feature in addition to the fourth or fifth feature.
　第６の特徴では、第１通信アダプタ６は、電力メータ８との間で電力線通信を行う経路を切り替える切替部９を備える。そして、切替部９は、第１分岐ブレーカ４０及び計測ユニット５を介する第１経路と、複数の分岐ブレーカ４のうち第１分岐ブレーカ４０とは異なる第２分岐ブレーカ４１を介する第２経路とを切り替えるように構成されている。 In the sixth feature, the first communication adapter 6 includes a switching unit 9 that switches a path for performing power line communication with the power meter 8. And the switching part 9 has the 1st path | route via the 1st branch breaker 40 and the measurement unit 5, and the 2nd path | route via the 2nd branch breaker 41 different from the 1st branch breaker 40 among the some branch breakers 4. It is configured to switch.
　また、本実施形態の分電盤１は、第６の特徴に加えて、以下の第７の特徴を有していてもよい。 Moreover, the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment may have the following seventh feature in addition to the sixth feature.
　第７の特徴では、切替部９は、第２分岐ブレーカ４１が第１通信アダプタ６に電気的に接続されているか否かを検知する検知部９１を備える。そして、切替部９は、検知部９１の検知結果に応じて第１経路と第２経路とを切り替えるように構成されている。 In the seventh feature, the switching unit 9 includes a detection unit 91 that detects whether or not the second branch breaker 41 is electrically connected to the first communication adapter 6. And the switching part 9 is comprised so that a 1st path | route and a 2nd path | route may be switched according to the detection result of the detection part 91. FIG.
　本実施形態の分電盤１では、分岐ブレーカ４を介して電力メータ８（外部機器）との間で電力線通信を行うように第１通信アダプタ６（通信モジュール）が設けられている。このため、本実施形態の分電盤１では、分岐ブレーカ４を系統電源から切り離すことで、第１通信アダプタ６を分電盤１に取り付けたり、第１通信アダプタ６を分電盤１から取り外したりすることができる。したがって、本実施形態の分電盤１では、系統電源から主幹ブレーカ３を切り離すことなく第１通信アダプタ６を取り付けることができる。
  In the distribution board 1 of this embodiment, the 1st communication adapter 6 (communication module) is provided so that power line communication may be performed between the electric power meter 8 (external apparatus) via the branch breaker 4. FIG. For this reason, in the distribution board 1 of this embodiment, the 1st communication adapter 6 is attached to the distribution board 1 by removing the branch breaker 4 from a system power supply, or the 1st communication adapter 6 is removed from the distribution board 1 Can be. Therefore, in the distribution board 1 of the present embodiment, the first communication adapter 6 can be attached without disconnecting the main breaker 3 from the system power supply.

Claims (7)

  1. 　主幹ブレーカと、
    　前記主幹ブレーカの２次側に電気的に接続される複数の分岐ブレーカと、
    　前記主幹ブレーカの１次側に電気的に接続される外部機器との間で電力線を伝送路に用いた電力線通信を行う通信モジュールとを備え、
    　前記通信モジュールは、前記複数の分岐ブレーカのうちの何れか１つである第１分岐ブレーカを介して前記外部機器との間で電力線通信を行うことを特徴とする分電盤。     With the main breaker,
    A plurality of branch breakers electrically connected to the secondary side of the main breaker;
    A communication module that performs power line communication using a power line as a transmission path with an external device electrically connected to the primary side of the main breaker;
    The distribution board, wherein the communication module performs power line communication with the external device via a first branch breaker which is any one of the plurality of branch breakers.
  2. 　前記第１分岐ブレーカは、前記複数の分岐ブレーカのうち前記主幹ブレーカに最も近い位置にある分岐ブレーカであることを特徴とする請求項１記載の分電盤。 The distribution board according to claim 1, wherein the first branch breaker is a branch breaker located closest to the main breaker among the plurality of branch breakers.
  3. 　前記第１分岐ブレーカは、前記複数の分岐ブレーカのうち前記通信モジュールに最も近い位置にある分岐ブレーカであることを特徴とする請求項１記載の分電盤。 The distribution board according to claim 1, wherein the first branch breaker is a branch breaker located closest to the communication module among the plurality of branch breakers.
  4. 　前記複数の分岐ブレーカで分岐された複数の分岐回路の各々の使用電力を計測する計測ユニットをさらに備え、
    　前記通信モジュールは、前記第１分岐ブレーカ及び前記計測ユニットを介して前記外部機器との間で電力線通信を行うことを特徴とする請求項１記載の分電盤。     A measuring unit for measuring the power consumption of each of the plurality of branch circuits branched by the plurality of branch breakers;
    The distribution board according to claim 1, wherein the communication module performs power line communication with the external device via the first branch breaker and the measurement unit.
  5. 　前記計測ユニットは、前記電力線を流れる交流電流に重畳された信号を分離する機能と、前記電力線を流れる交流電流に信号を重畳させる機能とを有する変換回路を備え、
    　前記通信モジュールは、前記第１分岐ブレーカ及び前記変換回路を介して前記外部機器との間で電力線通信を行うことを特徴とする請求項４記載の分電盤。     The measurement unit includes a conversion circuit having a function of separating a signal superimposed on an alternating current flowing through the power line and a function of superimposing a signal on an alternating current flowing through the power line,
    5. The distribution board according to claim 4, wherein the communication module performs power line communication with the external device via the first branch breaker and the conversion circuit.
  6. 　前記通信モジュールは、前記外部機器との間で電力線通信を行う経路を切り替える切替部を備え、
    　前記切替部は、前記第１分岐ブレーカ及び前記計測ユニットを介する第１経路と、前記複数の分岐ブレーカのうち前記第１分岐ブレーカとは異なる第２分岐ブレーカを介する第２経路とを切り替えるように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項４記載の分電盤。     The communication module includes a switching unit that switches a path for performing power line communication with the external device,
    The switching unit switches between a first path that passes through the first branch breaker and the measurement unit, and a second path that passes through a second branch breaker different from the first branch breaker among the plurality of branch breakers. The distribution board according to claim 4, wherein the distribution board is configured.
  7. 　前記切替部は、前記第２分岐ブレーカが前記通信モジュールに電気的に接続されているか否かを検知する検知部を備え、
    　前記切替部は、前記検知部の検知結果に応じて前記第１経路と前記第２経路とを切り替えるように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項６記載の分電盤。
          The switching unit includes a detection unit that detects whether the second branch breaker is electrically connected to the communication module;
    The distribution board according to claim 6, wherein the switching unit is configured to switch between the first route and the second route according to a detection result of the detection unit.
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