WO2015067864A1 - Procede et dispositif de traitement de signaux sismiques - Google Patents
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- WO2015067864A1 WO2015067864A1 PCT/FR2014/052395 FR2014052395W WO2015067864A1 WO 2015067864 A1 WO2015067864 A1 WO 2015067864A1 FR 2014052395 W FR2014052395 W FR 2014052395W WO 2015067864 A1 WO2015067864 A1 WO 2015067864A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000013528 artificial neural network Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 210000002569 neuron Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000010200 validation analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 241000156948 Aphantopus hyperantus Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000035126 Facies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001272567 Hominoidea Species 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/301—Analysis for determining seismic cross-sections or geostructures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/306—Analysis for determining physical properties of the subsurface, e.g. impedance, porosity or attenuation profiles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/301—Analysis for determining seismic cross-sections or geostructures
- G01V1/302—Analysis for determining seismic cross-sections or geostructures in 3D data cubes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/62—Physical property of subsurface
- G01V2210/622—Velocity, density or impedance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/62—Physical property of subsurface
- G01V2210/622—Velocity, density or impedance
- G01V2210/6224—Density
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/62—Physical property of subsurface
- G01V2210/624—Reservoir parameters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/62—Physical property of subsurface
- G01V2210/624—Reservoir parameters
- G01V2210/6244—Porosity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/62—Physical property of subsurface
- G01V2210/624—Reservoir parameters
- G01V2210/6246—Permeability
Definitions
- the present invention relates to seismic signal processing and in particular to the field of interpretation of seismic waves for the precise construction of images, in particular for carbonated subsoils and for the fine characterization of the reservoirs.
- the transmitted seismic pellet propagation velocity is an important data for accurate seismic image determination. Most often, a high rate of propagation tends to reduce the vertical resolution of the image constructed from conventional seismic imaging tools.
- the computational uncertainties may be such in the determined velocity models that a slight error in the time domain can induce large variations in the spatial domain. This problem is reinforced if seismic rondel propagates with a high velocity in the explored subsoil (in particular, if the subsoil includes carbonates, as in some reservoirs of the Middle East).
- the present invention improves the situation.
- the present invention proposes to improve the processing of seismic signals in order to extract the maximum of information, and in particular to improve the definition of generated seismic images.
- the present invention thus aims at a method of processing a first seismic signal.
- the method comprises the steps:
- the seismic wavelet is substantially constant (or varies little) throughout the "reservoir” zone (ie consisting of rock capable of capturing gas or hydrocarbons).
- the at least second seismic may comprise a plurality of seismic signals before summation (or "pre-stack” in English). Indeed, most often the processing methods use seismic signals after summation (or “stack” in English) because the processing complexity is too important with signals before summation. However, these signals before summation include high frequency information which is lost after summation: consequently, the use of signals after summation can reduce the accuracy of the determination of the geological information.
- Well data is the data from a borehole (eventual correction of borehole geometry) or a well. These data may contain a large amount of information or have been filtered / sorted / calculated beforehand to contain only one type of data (eg reflectivity, porosity, etc.): most often the data of filtered wells "geological information”.
- the wavelet length can be determined according to an autocorrelation calculation of said at least one part.
- the autocorrelation calculation makes it possible to estimate the length of the wavelet without having to measure it during the emission of this wavelet (for example, at the level of the vibrator truck).
- the union of the plurality of subparts may be said at least a portion.
- the length of the sub-parts can be the length of the wavelet seismic determined.
- the length of the sub-parts may be between 0.5 to 2 times the length of the determined seismic wavelet.
- this length can be adjusted according to the uncertainty of the well-seismic rigging
- the length of the sub-parts it is possible to slightly over-size the length of the sub-parts if the length of the seismic wavelet is not certain (eg the variance of this length is greater than 0 strictly).
- the length of the sub-parts may be equal to the length of the seismic wavelet multiplied by a multiplying factor.
- This factor can be equal to 0.5 or 1, 5 or be a function of the variance calculated when determining the length of the seismic wavelet for a plurality of seismic traces.
- the second geological information may be one of a group including porosity information, reflectivity information, density information, resistivity information and mineralogical composition information, ray measurement information.
- gamma or "gamma-ray log" in English
- density information or "gamma-ray log" in English
- sound propagation velocity information permeability information and saturation information.
- the second geological information may be filtered information in a given frequency range.
- the given frequency range may be a single frequency.
- This filtering makes it possible to limit the amount of information for learning the neural network. Thus, this filtering allows a better convergence of the model and a better accuracy.
- a device for efficiently processing a seismic signal may be advantageous in itself.
- the present invention also provides a device for processing a first seismic signal.
- the device comprises:
- a circuit for determining at least a first geological information from the first seismic signal using said trained neuron network a circuit for determining at least a first geological information from the first seismic signal using said trained neuron network.
- a computer program, implementing all or part of the method described above, installed on a pre-existing equipment, is in itself advantageous, since it allows to efficiently treat a seismic signal.
- the present invention also relates to a computer program comprising instructions for implementing the method described above, when this program is executed by a processor.
- This program can use any programming language (for example, an object language or other), and be in the form of a source code interpretable, partially compiled code or fully compiled code.
- Figure 6 described in detail below can form the flow chart of the general algorithm of such a computer program.
- FIG. 1 illustrates an illustration of seismic reflections in a particular embodiment
- FIG. 2a illustrates an example of seismic signal received in response to the emission of a seismic wavelet in a reservoir and in an embodiment according to the invention
- FIG. 2b illustrates an example of autocorrelation of the signal of FIG. 2a in one embodiment according to the invention
- FIG. 3a illustrates an example of well data in an embodiment according to the invention
- FIG. 3b illustrates an example of well data filtered in an embodiment according to the invention
- FIG. 4a illustrates a training of a neural network from seismic signal data and filtered well data in an embodiment according to the invention
- FIG. 4b illustrates a three-dimensional representation of a geological subsoil
- FIG. 5a illustrates a seismic image obtained without the neural network described above (that is to say obtained by a "conventional” treatment);
- FIG. 5b illustrates a seismic image obtained with the use of a neuron network previously described
- FIG. 6 illustrates a possible flow chart of a method in one embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 7 is an example of a device making it possible to implement one embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 1 illustrates an illustration of seismic reflections in a particular embodiment.
- this wavelet propagates in the basement vertically (arrow 102a, 102b, 102c, 102d) but also in all directions of space (arrow 105a).
- the seismic pulse or elementary wave train emitted by the shock source is called a "seismic wavelet”.
- This wavelet is reflected by the propagation index change interfaces (104a, 104b, 104c, 104d) in the subsoil: the reflected wave (103a, 103b, 103c, 103d, 106a) propagates in a symmetrical direction to the direction of incidence relative to a normal to the interface at the area of incidence.
- the interface 104a is perpendicular to the wave 102a at point 108, then the reflected wave 103a will be in the same direction as the incident wave 102a (but in the opposite direction).
- the reflected wave 106a can be picked up by the geophone 107b.
- FIG. 2a illustrates an example of a received seismic signal (or "seismic trace received") in response to the emission of a seismic wavelet in a reservoir and in an embodiment according to the invention.
- the received seismic signal (possibly after a temporal delimitation as mentioned above) can be represented by the graph 201.
- the axis t is here a time axis expressed in seconds, in fraction of seconds or in number of samples (the signal then being sampled according to a predetermined frequency).
- the axis S is representative, for example, of a power or an amplitude of the acoustic signal received.
- This method is relatively complex to implement and assumes a good knowledge of the temporal position of the interfaces.
- FIG. 2b illustrates an example of autocorrelation of the signal of FIG. 2a in an embodiment according to the invention. Indeed, it is possible to determine an estimate of the length of the wavelet emitted without having to calculate heavy de-convolutions.
- An autocorrelation is a correlation of a signal by itself, this second signal being shifted by a given time difference.
- the autocorrelation of the signal 201 is the curve 202.
- the abscissa of this curve represents the time difference between the two correlated identical signals and the ordinate shows the correlation of these two curves for the time difference considered.
- This correlation distance 203 is the distance between the second zeros (204, 205) symmetrical with respect to the maximum peak 206.
- Figure 3a illustrates an example of well data in an embodiment according to the invention.
- Well-known data are geological, geophysical, or other data that come from, for example, boreholes. These are, for example, one or more information located along the well for:
- the curve 300 represents well data for a reservoir zone of the subsoil (relative to the reflexivity of the rocks).
- the abscissa of this curve represents the depth of the well data and the ordinate represents its value.
- These data are data with "high frequency" information.
- FIG. 3b illustrates an example of filtered well data, in one embodiment according to the invention.
- the processing may comprise a filter making it possible to keep only a fine frequency range (eg 90-100 Hz) or advantageously a wider frequency range (eg from 0 Hz to 200 Hz) comprising the value 0 Hz.
- a fine frequency range eg 90-100 Hz
- a wider frequency range eg from 0 Hz to 200 Hz
- Curve 301 represents the data resulting from a filtering of the data of the curve 300 at a 0-200 Hz frequency band.
- Fig. 4a illustrates neural network training from seismic signal data and filtered well data in an embodiment according to the invention.
- This training is actually a "supervised” learning since the correct output values are known for each input value.
- the nodes of the neural network 404 are modified. Many algorithms are possible for such modifications (i.e. modification of the weights of the different nodes).
- this set is called a "validation set” (or “validation set”). in English).
- the training set is often about twice as large as the validation set (eg in a 70% -30% ratio for example).
- the length of these sub-parts is the length of rondelle determined previously. Nevertheless, it is also possible to choose as a length of these sub-parts a multiple of the length of ringlet determined previously (eg with a multiplying factor of 1, 1 or 1, 5 or 2): indeed, if the sub-part is slightly larger than rondelle, the accuracy of the neural network may be greater (especially in the case of poor evaluation of the length of the ringlet or in case of poor wedging seismic-seismic) even if the convergence of the neural network when learning can be slower.
- This single output value is the transformed / filtered 405 signal from the well data and limited to the "reservoir" domain.
- the neural network may make it possible to avoid calculating heavy de-convolutions as discussed in connection with FIG. 2a.
- the neural network takes into account the entirety of the received signal, including the "high frequency" information previously considered as noise to be eliminated from the calculations.
- the data returned by the neural network is of the same nature as the well data used for learning: if the well data used for learning is reflectivity information, the neural network returns reflectivity information. etc.
- Figure 4b illustrates a three-dimensional representation of a geological subsoil.
- the neural network determine well data along a well.
- FIG. 5a illustrates a seismic image 501 obtained using state of the art determination methods, without a neural network.
- FIG. 5b illustrates a seismic image 502 obtained with the use of a neuron network described above.
- the definition of the seismic image 502 is notably increased by taking into account the "high frequency" information previously ignored during the de-convolutions of the prior art and considered as being noise.
- Figure 6 illustrates a possible flow chart of a method in one embodiment of the invention.
- step 602 When receiving seismic signals (601a, 601b, 601c, etc.), it is possible to identify (step 602), in each of them, a portion corresponding to the propagation and the reflection of the puck emitted , in the tank.
- This wavelet is supposed to be invariant in this domain.
- the seismic signals correspond, for example, to several wavelet transmissions in the subsoil, at different times and / or locations. Moreover, these signals can correspond to the different signals received when transmitting the same wavelet by several geophones. Corrective treatment of these signals could be done upstream, for example to correct the propagation velocities in the subsoil for each of the signals. For each part of previously identified signals, it is also possible to calculate an autocorrelation (step 603) of this part in order to estimate the length of the seismic ring.
- this cutting length may be equal to the length of the wavelet but may also be a multiple of the length of the wafer determined. For example, if the length of the ring is relatively certain (eg variance close to zero when determining the length of the ring), the multiplying factor can be close to 1. If the variance is large, then the multiplier can increase.
- the "slicing" length determined in step 604 can be used to break down each part into a plurality of subparts. These subparts can be juxtaposed without overlapping or they can partially juxtapose.
- This well data is the data associated with the signals and corresponds substantially to the same locations as these: thus, if a seismic signal is received at a cord (x, y ), then the well data are derived from boreholes whose coordinates of the wellhead are ( ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , y ⁇ Ay) with Ax and Ay values representative of an uncertainty relating to well-seismic calibration.
- step 608 It is then possible to perform a training (step 608) of a virgin or partially trained neural network.
- This training can use the previously determined sub-parts as input variables and the set of processed well data as output variable (or target variable). Only a subset of these subparts (eg 70%) can be used for learning or training this neural network. The other subparts (eg 30%) are then used as validation variables to quantify the accuracy and error rate of the neural network.
- the process 609 is called "learning”.
- This "cleaned” signal can then be provided as input to the learned neuron network 609 (step 612).
- the neural network may return, at the output, well data (or geological information) associated with the "cleaned” input signal.
- well data or geological information associated with the "cleaned” input signal.
- These well data are consistent with the well data used for learning (ie the geological information is 0-200 Hz reflectivity information filtered if the well data used for learning is filtered reflectivity information at 0-200Hz, the geological information is porosity information filtered between 0 and 300Hz if the geological information used for learning is porosity information filtered between 0 and 300Hz, etc.)
- the method 614 is called "generalization" because it makes it possible to know well data (or geological information) at locations in the basement where no drilling has been done.
- FIG. 7 represents an example of a device for processing a seismic signal in one embodiment of the invention.
- the device comprises a computer 700, comprising a memory 705 for storing instructions for implementing the method, the received measurement data, and temporary data for performing the various steps of the method as described above. .
- the computer further comprises a circuit 704.
- This circuit can be, for example:
- processors capable of interpreting instructions in the form of a computer program, or an electronic card whose steps of the method of the invention are described in silicon, or
- a programmable electronic chip such as an FPGA (for "Field Programmable Gate Array”).
- This computer has an input interface 703 for receiving seismic signal data or well data, and an output interface 706 for providing the well data at any point in space.
- the computer can include, to allow easy interaction with a user, a screen 701 and a keyboard 702.
- the keyboard is optional, especially in the context of a computer in the form of a touch pad, for example.
- FIG. 6 is a typical example of a program whose instructions can be carried out with the equipment described. As such, FIG. 6 may correspond to the flowchart of the general algorithm of a computer program within the meaning of the invention.
- the methods described can be generalized to the case of deviated wells.
- the trajectory of the well may be approximated or "discretized” by a plurality of vertical segments and each of these segments is then considered as a separate well in the processes described.
- the input variables may be the signals received vertically from each segment, each of these signals being associated with the well data for this segment as an output / target variable.
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2014345427A AU2014345427B2 (en) | 2013-11-05 | 2014-09-24 | Method and device for processing seismic signals |
RU2016122126A RU2631407C1 (ru) | 2013-11-05 | 2014-09-24 | Способ и устройство для обработки сейсмических сигналов |
US15/034,807 US10024991B2 (en) | 2013-11-05 | 2014-09-24 | Method and device for processing seismic signals |
BR112016010086-7A BR112016010086B1 (pt) | 2013-11-05 | 2014-09-24 | Processo e dispositivo de tratamento de sinais sísmicos |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR1360836A FR3012889B1 (fr) | 2013-11-05 | 2013-11-05 | Procede et dispositif de traitement de signaux sismiques |
FR1360836 | 2013-11-05 |
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WO2015067864A1 true WO2015067864A1 (fr) | 2015-05-14 |
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PCT/FR2014/052395 WO2015067864A1 (fr) | 2013-11-05 | 2014-09-24 | Procede et dispositif de traitement de signaux sismiques |
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US (1) | US10024991B2 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2014345427B2 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR112016010086B1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3012889B1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2631407C1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2015067864A1 (fr) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105223612A (zh) * | 2015-06-10 | 2016-01-06 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种基于地震信息的煤矿水害预测评价方法 |
WO2022156899A1 (fr) | 2021-01-21 | 2022-07-28 | Totalenergies Onetech | Procédé et appareil de traitement de signaux sismiques |
WO2022156900A1 (fr) | 2021-01-21 | 2022-07-28 | Totalenergies Onetech | Procédé et appareil de détermination d'une attache de puits sismique à puits multiples |
WO2022156898A1 (fr) | 2021-01-21 | 2022-07-28 | Totalenergies Onetech | Procédé et appareil d'optimisation d'une stratégie de forage |
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AU2012377770B2 (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2017-03-30 | Equinor Energy As | Processing data representing a physical system |
CN110261467B (zh) * | 2019-07-01 | 2021-09-07 | 西南石油大学 | 一种识别碳酸盐岩古岩溶储层垂向分带性的方法 |
CN112363220B (zh) * | 2020-10-26 | 2024-07-26 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | 一种缝洞型碳酸盐岩微小储集层甜点预测方法及系统 |
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RU2158939C1 (ru) * | 1999-11-02 | 2000-11-10 | Нефтегазодобывающее управление "Альметьевнефть" ОАО "Татнефть" | Способ поиска нефтегазоносных залежей с использованием нейрокомпьютерной системы обработки данных сейсморазведки |
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- 2014-09-24 AU AU2014345427A patent/AU2014345427B2/en active Active
- 2014-09-24 RU RU2016122126A patent/RU2631407C1/ru active
- 2014-09-24 US US15/034,807 patent/US10024991B2/en active Active
- 2014-09-24 WO PCT/FR2014/052395 patent/WO2015067864A1/fr active Application Filing
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CN105223612A (zh) * | 2015-06-10 | 2016-01-06 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种基于地震信息的煤矿水害预测评价方法 |
WO2022156899A1 (fr) | 2021-01-21 | 2022-07-28 | Totalenergies Onetech | Procédé et appareil de traitement de signaux sismiques |
WO2022156900A1 (fr) | 2021-01-21 | 2022-07-28 | Totalenergies Onetech | Procédé et appareil de détermination d'une attache de puits sismique à puits multiples |
WO2022156898A1 (fr) | 2021-01-21 | 2022-07-28 | Totalenergies Onetech | Procédé et appareil d'optimisation d'une stratégie de forage |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR3012889A1 (fr) | 2015-05-08 |
US20160291179A1 (en) | 2016-10-06 |
BR112016010086A2 (fr) | 2017-08-01 |
AU2014345427A1 (en) | 2016-06-09 |
US10024991B2 (en) | 2018-07-17 |
FR3012889B1 (fr) | 2017-10-20 |
AU2014345427B2 (en) | 2017-06-29 |
BR112016010086B1 (pt) | 2022-06-21 |
RU2631407C1 (ru) | 2017-09-21 |
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