WO2015062327A1 - 一种梅花形柱状的金属电极 - Google Patents

一种梅花形柱状的金属电极 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015062327A1
WO2015062327A1 PCT/CN2014/083853 CN2014083853W WO2015062327A1 WO 2015062327 A1 WO2015062327 A1 WO 2015062327A1 CN 2014083853 W CN2014083853 W CN 2014083853W WO 2015062327 A1 WO2015062327 A1 WO 2015062327A1
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electrode
plum
soil
grounding
grounding resistance
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PCT/CN2014/083853
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English (en)
French (fr)
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袁泉
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深圳市钡盛机电设备有限公司
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Publication of WO2015062327A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015062327A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/58—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation characterised by the form or material of the contacting members
    • H01R4/66—Connections with the terrestrial mass, e.g. earth plate, earth pin

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to a data acquisition device in the field of geological exploration.
  • the current electrical exploration uses the following three electrodes: a common metal electrode, a liquid non-polarized electrode, and a solid non-polarized electrode.
  • ordinary metal electrodes are mostly made of a columnar copper electrode or an iron electrode which is relatively inert, and the electrode is convenient in construction in the field, high in efficiency, and requires no maintenance, so it is most commonly used.
  • electrode grounding inevitably produces grounding resistance.
  • the grounding resistance is the ground resistance of the grounding electrode and has a significant impact on the test results. If the grounding resistance is too large, the voltage or current value of the acquisition will inevitably decrease, which will affect the accuracy of the acquisition. Therefore, in the detection of electrical methods, it is necessary to minimize the grounding resistance of the ground electrode.
  • the electrode grounding resistance value is mainly determined by the resistivity of the soil in contact with the grounding resistance and the size of the grounding electrode. Therefore, the method of reducing the grounding resistance of the electrode is divided into two categories: reducing the resistivity of the soil around the ground electrode; improving the ground electrode.
  • the soil is tamped with salt water around the electrode, which can significantly reduce the grounding resistance of the electrode. If the grounding electrode is further improved while reducing the resistivity of the soil around the electrode, the grounding resistance of the electrode can be further reduced.
  • the grounding resistance of the grounding electrode can be reduced by increasing the contact area of the electrode with the soil.
  • the grounding resistance of the vertical grounding body as shown in Figure 1, can be calculated by equation (1).
  • p is the resistivity of the soil in ⁇ L is the buried depth of the electrode in m; d is the diameter or equivalent diameter of the electrode, in m
  • the grounding resistance of the round steel is smaller than the grounding resistance of the flat steel and the angle steel. Therefore, the round steel is preferred.
  • Ground electrode Steel pipes of the same size can increase the contact area with the soil compared with round steel, so the grounding resistance of the steel pipe will be smaller than the grounding resistance of the round steel.
  • steel pipes are not as practical and practical as solid round steel. Therefore, in practical applications, the grounding electrode is mainly round steel.
  • the present invention provides a plum-shaped columnar metal electrode for the deficiencies of the prior art; the electrode belongs to a data acquisition device in the field of geological exploration.
  • the contact area of the electrode with the soil is large, the grounding resistance value is small, and the quality of the electrode is small, which is favorable for the exploration test.
  • a plum-shaped cylindrical metal electrode comprising an electrode body and a connector.
  • the side surface of the electrode body is provided with a groove along the longitudinal direction, a cross section forming a plum shape, and a tip end having a conical structure.
  • the connector is a threaded structure.
  • a groove is formed on the side of the electrode body to increase the contact area between the electrode and the soil, and at the same time reduce the weight of the electrode.
  • the above grooves have three or more grooves.
  • the number of the above grooves is preferably five, and is evenly distributed on the side of the electrode body.
  • test data is related to soil properties such as salt content, humidity and temperature in the test area. In other soil environments, the test data will be changed, but it does not affect the plum-shaped columnar metal electrode and the traditional metal electrode. Contrast relationship.
  • the plum-shaped columnar metal electrode has a lighter weight than the conventional metal electrode, and the contact area with the soil is large, and the grounding resistance value is also significantly smaller than the grounding resistance value of the conventional metal electrode.
  • FIG. 2 Schematic diagram of a plum-shaped columnar metal electrode structure
  • a plum-shaped columnar metal electrode as shown in Fig. 2, includes an electrode body 1 and a connector 2.
  • the electrode main body 1 is columnar, and the side surface of the electrode body 1 is provided with a groove 3 along the longitudinal direction, a cross section forming a plum shape 4, and an electrode body end having a conical structure 5.
  • the groove 3 not only increases the contact area of the electrode with the soil, reduces the grounding resistance of the electrode, but also reduces the weight of the electrode and saves material.
  • the end of the electrode is the connector 2, and the connector 2 is a threaded structure. When in use, the wire is wound around the thread, the gasket is inserted, and the nut is fixed.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Abstract

一种梅花形柱状的金属电极，属于地质勘探领域。该电极包括电极主体（1）和连接头（2）。该电极主体（1）侧面沿长度方向设有凹槽（3），末端为圆锥结构（5）。该连接头（2）为螺纹结构。相比同直径的圆柱形的普通金属电极，该电极具有与土壤的接触面积更大，重量更轻，接地电阻值更小，勘探的精度更高等优点。

Description

说 明 书 一种梅花形柱状的金属电极
技术领域
本发明属于地质勘探领域的数据采集器件。
背景技术
目前的电法勘探采用如下三种电极： 普通金属电极、液体不极化电极和固体不极化电极。 其中， 普通金属电极多采用惰性较高的柱状铜电极或铁电极， 这种电极野外施工方便， 效率 高， 不需要维护， 因此适用最为普遍。 但在使用过程中， 电极接地无可避免会产生接地电阻。 接地电阻是接地电极的对地电阻， 对检测结果有着重大的影响。 如果接地电阻过大， 必然会 造成采集的电压或电流值降低， 影响采集的准确度。 因此在电法类的检测中， 需尽量降低接 地电极的接地电阻值。 电极接地电阻值主要由与接地电阻相接触的土壤的电阻率及接地电极 的尺寸决定。 由此， 降低电极接地电阻的方法分为两类： 降低接地电极周围土壤的电阻率； 改进接地电极。
在实际的检测工作中， 将接地电极插入土壤后， 在电极周围浇洒盐水的同时夯实土壤， 能够显著降低电极的接地电阻。 如果在降低电极周围土壤的电阻率的同时， 进一步改进接地 电极， 则电极的接地电阻还能进一步降低。 可以通过增加电极与土壤的接触面积来降低接地 电极的接地电阻值。
垂直接地体接地电阻， 如图 1所示， 可通过式（1)计算。
当 L»d时:
2 L d
式中， p为土壤的电阻率， 单位为 Ω·ιη L为电极的埋深， 单位为 m; d为电极的直径或 等效直径， 单位为 m
型钢等效直径如表 1所示.
表 1 型钢等效直径
Figure imgf000003_0001
说 明 书
根据式（1)可知， 在土壤的电阻率一定的情况下， 增加电极的埋地深度可以有效的减少电 极的接地电阻， 同时适当增加电极的直径， 增大电极与土壤的接触面积也能够降低接地电极 的接地电阻值。 当电极埋深超过 40cm时， 随着埋深的增加， 接地电阻的埋深减小趋势变缓。
从表 1可知， 在同样的接地环境下， 如果扁钢、 角钢的宽度与圆钢的直径相等， 则圆钢 的接地电阻值要比扁钢、 角钢的接地电阻值小， 因此首选圆钢作为接地电极。 同样大小的钢 管与圆钢相比， 能增加与土壤的接触面积， 因此钢管的接地电阻值会比圆钢的接地电阻值小。 但从实用的角度来看， 钢管不如实心的圆钢实用方便。 所以在实际应用中， 接地电极以圆钢 为主。
随着地球物理勘探仪器采集技术的发展， 对于数据的精度要求也越来越高， 这就要求电 极接地电阻能进一步减小。 而传统的金属电极随着电极直径的增加， 电极的质量也会显著增 加， 会给操作带来不便。 因此， 传统的金属电极不能满足这一要求。
发明内容
本发针对现有技术的不足而提供一种梅花形柱状的金属电极； 该电极属于地质勘探领域 的数据采集器件。 该电极与土壤的接触面积大， 接地电阻值小， 且电极的质量较小， 有利于 勘探测试的进行。
本发明的技术方案如下：
梅花形柱状的金属电极， 该电极包括电极主体和连接头。 所述电极主体侧面沿长度方向 设有凹槽， 横截面形成梅花形状， 末端为圆锥结构。 所述连接头为螺纹结构。 在电极主体侧 面开设凹槽， 可以增加电极与土壤的接触面积， 同时减轻电极的重量。
上述凹槽有 3条或多条。
上述凹槽数量优选为 5条， 均匀分布在电极本体的侧面。
本发明的有益效果：
根据本方案实现的具体产品与传统金属电极进行对比。
表 2 梅花形柱状的金属电极与传统金属电极对比
比较项目 梅花形柱状的金属电极 传统金属电极 电极材质 铜 铜
长度 31. 5cm 27. 8cm
217. 9g 247. 5g 说 明 书
Figure imgf000005_0001
注： 以上测试数据与测试区域土壤的含盐量、 湿度、 温度等土壤特性有关， 在其它土质环境 下， 测试所得数据会有所改变， 但不影响梅花形柱状的金属电极与传统金属电极的对比关系。
由表 2可知， 梅花形柱状的金属电极与传统金属电极相比， 梅花形柱状的金属电极的重 量轻， 与土壤的接触面积大， 接地电阻值也明显小于传统金属电极的接地电阻值。
附图说明
图 1 电极接地示意图
图 2 —种梅花形柱状的金属电极结构示意图
具体实施方式
为了更好的说明本发明， 现结合实施例及附图作进一步的说明。
实施例
一种梅花形柱状的金属电极， 如图 2所示， 包括电极主体 1和连接头 2。 其中， 电极主 体 1为柱状， 电极主体 1侧面沿长度方向设有凹槽 3， 截面形成梅花形状 4， 电极主体末端为 圆锥结构 5。 凹槽 3有五条， 均匀分布在电极主体 1的侧面。 凹槽 3不仅增加了电极与土壤 的接触面积， 减小了电极的接地电阻值， 而且减轻了电极的重量， 节省了材料。 电极末端为 连接头 2， 连接头 2为螺纹结构， 使用时， 将连接线缠绕在螺纹上后， 套入垫圈， 再用螺母 进行固定。
通过将本发明应用于地质勘探中， 不仅增大了电极与土壤的接触面积， 减小了接地电阻 值， 使测试结果更加准确， 同时， 也减轻了电极的重量， 节省了材料， 并且是操作更为方便。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种梅花形柱状的金属电极， 包括电极本体和连接头， 电极本体为柱状， 其特征在于： 电 极本体侧面沿长度方向设有凹槽， 其末端为圆锥结构。
2.根据权利要求 1所述的一种梅花形柱状的金属电极， 其特征在于： 所述凹槽有 3条或多条。
3.根据权利要求 1和 2所述的一种梅花形柱状的金属电极， 其特征在于： 所述凹槽数量优选 为 5条， 均匀分布在电极本体的侧面。
4.根据权利要求 1所述的一种梅花形柱状的金属电极， 其特征在于： 所述电极本体多为惰性 较高的铜电极或铁电极。
5.根据权利要求 1所述的一种梅花形柱状的金属电极， 其特征在于： 所述连接头为螺纹结构。
PCT/CN2014/083853 2013-10-28 2014-08-07 一种梅花形柱状的金属电极 WO2015062327A1 (zh)

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