WO2015057109A1 - Dispositif de séparation de mélange multicomposant et canal de buse correspondant - Google Patents

Dispositif de séparation de mélange multicomposant et canal de buse correspondant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015057109A1
WO2015057109A1 PCT/RU2014/000774 RU2014000774W WO2015057109A1 WO 2015057109 A1 WO2015057109 A1 WO 2015057109A1 RU 2014000774 W RU2014000774 W RU 2014000774W WO 2015057109 A1 WO2015057109 A1 WO 2015057109A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
channel
separation
segment
flow
nozzle channel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2014/000774
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Lev Arkadievich Bagirov
Leonard Makarovich Dmitriev
Vladimir Isaakovich Feygin
Salavat Zainetdinovich Imaev
Original Assignee
3S Gas Technologies Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 3S Gas Technologies Ltd filed Critical 3S Gas Technologies Ltd
Publication of WO2015057109A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015057109A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/24—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by centrifugal force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B04C3/06—Construction of inlets or outlets to the vortex chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B04C2003/003—Shapes or dimensions of vortex chambers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B04C2003/006—Construction of elements by which the vortex flow is generated or degenerated

Definitions

  • the invention relates to cryogenic engineering, namely, to a device for separation of multicomponent mixture, as well as to a nozzle channel for the said device, and may be used for liquefying gases, treating them or for extracting one or several target components from a mixture.
  • Centrifugal separation devices are widely used for separating or liquefying gases. These devices swirl a gas flow by using a swirler and supply the flow to the inlet of a nozzle channel for separation. Gas is cooled due to adiabatic expansion in the nozzle channel of a number of these devices, including this one, and the process of liquid phase condensation takes place. Under the influence of centrifugal forces acting in a swirled flow condensate drops are thrown to the channel walls, thus forming a liquid phase layer on them, which is collected with the use of a device for liquid phase collection.
  • This device may be of various designs.
  • a device for separation of a multicomponent gas mixture is known in the art (see, RF Patent RU2348871, F25J3/00, 10.03.2009 III), which comprises a prechamber having a means for swirling a gas flow arranged therein, a nozzle channel for separation of a flow, a means for collecting a liquid phase, and a subsonic diffiiser or a combination of a supersonic diffuser and a subsonic diffuser.
  • a nozzle channel for separation of a gas flow is known in the art (see, RF Patent RU2353764, E21B 43/34, 111), which comprises a convergent segment and a divergent segment with a cylindrical channel of an ejector mixing chamber and an inlet channel of a liquid collection device arranged therebetween.
  • This analogous solution is the closest to the claimed nozzle channel.
  • the objective of the claimed invention is to provide a more efficient device for separation of a multicomponent mixture.
  • the technical effect of the claimed invention is to lower a pulsation level in a flow and, consequently, to increase separation efficiency and decrease total-pressure losses in a flow.
  • the stated technical effect is achieved by the design of the nozzle channel for separation due to the fact that it comprises a convergent segment, a divergent segment and a cylindrical segment arranged there between, the cylindrical segment having a generating line length more than 0.1D, where D is the diameter of the cylindrical segment, and the divergent segment is provided with an annular ledge in the form of a step which plane is perpendicular to the channel axis. Also, the stated technical effect is achieved in particular embodiments of the separation channel due to the facts that:
  • the said annular ledge is made so as its height is greater than the displacement thickness in the boundary layer before the ledge
  • the said technical effect is achieved in the design of the device for separation of a multicomponent mixture due to the fact that it comprises a prechamber with a mixture swirler arranged therein, a nozzle channel for separation, as connected to the prechamber in the said design, and a unit for collecting drops and/or solid particles.
  • the flow swirler is made as a central body and blades attached to it as well as to the prechamber walls; the diameter of the central body is not greater than the minimum diameter of the channel,
  • the flow swirler is made as the central axisymmetric channel with additional channels connected thereto, which are in communication with a multicomponent mixture source, an angle between the axis of each additional channel and the cross point of the walls of the central and additional channels being not less than 45° in the cross-section of the central channel, which cross-section passes through the axes of the additional channels,
  • the unit for collecting a liquid phase is made as a chamber connected to the nozzle channel, the chamber wall being provided with perforations and/or an annular slot.
  • the nozzle channel of the device for separation has the annular ledge enabling to fix a compression shock position with least losses of total pressure (totalpressure).
  • the cylindrical segment segment of constant section having a length greater than 0.1D (where D is a diameter of the cylindrical segment) ensures depression of pulsations occurring in the channel at non-stationary condensation during transition from subsonic to supersonic section.
  • D is a diameter of the cylindrical segment
  • Fig. 1 shows the most preferable embodiment of the claimed device for separation.
  • the device comprises: the prechamber 1 with the mixture flow swirler arranged therein, the nozzle channel 2 for mixture flow separation, the unit 3 for collection of a liquid phase formed, and a diffuser 4 (optional), which all are arranged in series.
  • the nozzle channel 2 for separation of a multicomponent mixture comprises a convergent (narrowing) segment 5 and a divergent (expanding) segment 6, a cylindrical segment 7 (segment with a constant cross section) being arranged therebetween.
  • a minimum length L seg of the said segment 7 is 0.1D, where D is a diameter of the cylindrical segment (the channel minimum diameter).
  • the cylindrical segment length L seg (0.2-0.5)D. This condition ensures the most efficient depression of pulsations arising in a flow in the channel convergent segment 5.
  • An annular ledge 8 which end plane is perpendicular to the channel axis, is located in the divergent segment 6 of the nozzle channel.
  • a height h of the ledge 8 should be greater than a displacement thickness of a boundary layer before the said ledge. This condition enables to stabilize a shock position and a flow separation zone.
  • Displacement thickness is determined with the use of well-known gas- dynamic relations (see, for example, Abramovich G.N. "Applied Gas Dynamics", Part 1 , Nauka Publishers. 1991 , p. 302) as well as of numerical computations of equations relating to a turbulent flow in a channel.
  • Particular embodiments of the invention may comprise an additional ledge (not shown in the drawings) that ensures additional stabilization of a flow.
  • a central body 9 with blades 10 arranged around it, which are installed at an angle to the cross-sectional plane of the prechamber 1 may be used as a flow swirler, the blades 10 being secured both to the surface of the central body 9 and on the inner surface of the prechamber 1.
  • Fig. 2 shows the construction of another embodiment of the swirler that is made as a central axisymmetric channel 11 preferably embracing the central body 9 and forming a part of the prechamber 1, and additional channels 12 that are connected to the channel 11 and are in communication with a source 13 of a multiphase mixture.
  • the angle ⁇ between the axis 14 of each additional channel and the line 15 connecting the axis of the central channel 1 1 with the cross point of the walls of the central channel 1 1 and an additional channel 12 is at least 45°.
  • the angle ⁇ between the axis 14 of each additional channel and a normal 15 drawn from the axis of the central channel 1 1 to its surface on the cross point of the walls of the central channel and an additional channel 12 (to any two points) is at least 45°.
  • a diameter D c of the central body 9 is not greater than the minimum diameter D of the channel (i.e., channel diameter at the cylindrical segment) (D C ⁇ D).
  • the unit 3 for collection of a liquid phase may be made as a chamber connected to the channel, which wall is provided with perforations and/or an annular slot.
  • the device may also include a diffuser 4 installed for partial restoration of mixture total pressure.
  • the claimed device can be operated as follows:
  • a multicomponent mixture enters the prechamber 1, where it passes through a swirler (e.g., the blades 10). Then, the swirled flow passes to the convergent segment 5 of the nozzle channel and acquires a required acceleration, and then to the cylindrical segment 7 where gas flow pulsations are depressed. After this, adiabatic expansion of the gas occurs in the divergent segment 6 of the channel, which is accompanied by a decrease in pressure, temperature and by formation of liquid phase drops having a size greater than 0.5 microns that are thrown to the channel walls by centrifugal forces.
  • a swirler e.g., the blades 10
  • the claimed device for separation owing to the use of the separation channel having the above-described construction, enables to increase separation efficiency and reduce losses of total pressure when a mixture flows through the device.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne le génie cryogénique, et plus particulièrement, un dispositif de séparation d'un mélange multicomposant, ainsi qu'un canal de buse (2) pour ledit dispositif, et pouvant être utilisé pour la liquéfaction de gaz, leur traitement, ou pour l'extraction d'un ou plusieurs composants cibles d'un écoulement de mélange multicomposant. Le dispositif de séparation comprend une préchambre (1) pourvue d'une coupelle rotative (10) disposée à l'intérieur, un canal de buse (2) pour la séparation qui est relié à la préchambre, et une unité (3) de collecte des gouttes et/ou des particules solides. Le canal de séparation (2), lequel comprend un segment convergent (5), un segment divergent (6) et un segment cylindrique (7) placé entre eux, est caractérisé en ce que la longueur de ligne génératrice du segment cylindrique (7) est supérieure à 0,1D, D étant un diamètre du segment cylindrique, et le segment divergent (6) est conçu avec un rebord annulaire (8) en forme de marche dont le plan est placé perpendiculairement à l'axe du canal. L'effet technique est une réduction du niveau de pulsation dans un écoulement et, par conséquent, une efficacité de séparation accrue et des pertes réduites de la pression totale de l'écoulement de mélange.
PCT/RU2014/000774 2013-10-18 2014-10-15 Dispositif de séparation de mélange multicomposant et canal de buse correspondant WO2015057109A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2013146614 2013-10-18
RU2013146614/06A RU2538992C1 (ru) 2013-10-18 2013-10-18 Устройство для сепарации многокомпонентной среды и сопловой канал для него

Publications (1)

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WO2015057109A1 true WO2015057109A1 (fr) 2015-04-23

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AR (1) AR098114A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2538992C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015057109A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2731448C1 (ru) * 2020-02-20 2020-09-02 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Финансово-промышленная компания "Космос-Нефть-Газ" Устройство для сепарации многокомпонентной среды
RU2736135C1 (ru) * 2020-02-20 2020-11-11 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Финансово-промышленная компания "Космос-Нефть-Газ" Способ сепарации многокомпонентной среды
RU2738516C1 (ru) * 2020-05-26 2020-12-14 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью Финансово-промышленная компания "Космос-Нефть-Газ" Устройство для сепарации многокомпонентной среды

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2004776A (en) * 1977-09-27 1979-04-11 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Apparatus for separating gas mixtures
US20020194988A1 (en) * 1998-12-31 2002-12-26 M. Betting Supersonic separator apparatus and method
US6962199B1 (en) * 1998-12-31 2005-11-08 Shell Oil Company Method for removing condensables from a natural gas stream, at a wellhead, downstream of the wellhead choke
US20080173363A1 (en) * 2004-12-30 2008-07-24 Marco Betting Throttling Valve and Method for Enlarging Liquid Droplet Sizes in the Throttled Fluid Stream
RU2348871C1 (ru) 2007-08-22 2009-03-10 Вадим Иванович Алферов Устройство для сжижения и сепарации газов
RU2353764C2 (ru) 2007-03-15 2009-04-27 Рауф Раисович Юнусов Термодинамический сепаратор и способ подготовки природного газа
US20100200521A1 (en) * 2006-08-12 2010-08-12 Caltec Limited Cyclonic separator and a method of separating fluids

Family Cites Families (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3925775A1 (de) * 1989-08-03 1991-02-07 Scheco Kurt Scherrieble Vorrichtung mit temperatur-trenneffekt

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2004776A (en) * 1977-09-27 1979-04-11 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Apparatus for separating gas mixtures
US20020194988A1 (en) * 1998-12-31 2002-12-26 M. Betting Supersonic separator apparatus and method
US6962199B1 (en) * 1998-12-31 2005-11-08 Shell Oil Company Method for removing condensables from a natural gas stream, at a wellhead, downstream of the wellhead choke
US20080173363A1 (en) * 2004-12-30 2008-07-24 Marco Betting Throttling Valve and Method for Enlarging Liquid Droplet Sizes in the Throttled Fluid Stream
US20100200521A1 (en) * 2006-08-12 2010-08-12 Caltec Limited Cyclonic separator and a method of separating fluids
RU2353764C2 (ru) 2007-03-15 2009-04-27 Рауф Раисович Юнусов Термодинамический сепаратор и способ подготовки природного газа
RU2348871C1 (ru) 2007-08-22 2009-03-10 Вадим Иванович Алферов Устройство для сжижения и сепарации газов

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ABRAMOVICH G.N.: "Applied Gas Dynamics", 1991, NAUKA PUBLISHERS, pages: 302

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RU2538992C1 (ru) 2015-01-10
AR098114A1 (es) 2016-05-04

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