WO2015056035A1 - Opto-electronic device for detecting small insects - Google Patents

Opto-electronic device for detecting small insects Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015056035A1
WO2015056035A1 PCT/HU2014/000094 HU2014000094W WO2015056035A1 WO 2015056035 A1 WO2015056035 A1 WO 2015056035A1 HU 2014000094 W HU2014000094 W HU 2014000094W WO 2015056035 A1 WO2015056035 A1 WO 2015056035A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sensor
light source
infrared
observation space
photodiode
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/HU2014/000094
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
DOMBOS.Miklós
Tibor HAMBEK
László NAGY
Original Assignee
Deákdelta Kft
Centre For Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy Of Sciences
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deákdelta Kft, Centre For Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy Of Sciences filed Critical Deákdelta Kft
Publication of WO2015056035A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015056035A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V8/00—Prospecting or detecting by optical means
    • G01V8/10—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers
    • G01V8/12—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers using one transmitter and one receiver
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
    • G01N15/14—Electro-optical investigation, e.g. flow cytometers
    • G01N15/1456—Electro-optical investigation, e.g. flow cytometers without spatial resolution of the texture or inner structure of the particle, e.g. processing of pulse signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N2015/0042—Investigating dispersion of solids
    • G01N2015/0046—Investigating dispersion of solids in gas, e.g. smoke

Definitions

  • the invention is an optoelectronic device for the local detection of small falling insect specimens, preferably in the range of 0.1-10 mm.
  • It may be used for scientific and agricultural activities, especially for remote observation activities in soil science and insect ecology as well as pest control in agriculture.
  • the arrangement of the control electronics of the photoelectric sensor unit has been modernised by the incorporation of a microcontroller; the accuracy of detection may thereby manipulated by adjusting certain parameters of the signal amplifier, and a number of remotely placed photoelectric sensors have been organised into one common data system by enabling these to communicate with a central unit using radio waves.
  • the tiniest particle may be detected by the diode if it falls into the light beam, but the low base level of light transmission and the detection of the even smaller change makes the detection uncertain.
  • a LED light source operating in the infrared range generally emits at an angle of 30°. The divergent light rays are scattered and reflected in the observation space, with only a small portion reaching the photodiode at the opposite end. When something drops into the illuminated space, it covers part of the light rays emitted towards the photodiode, but this change is only detected and forwarded by the diode with a certain delay.
  • a detector with a higher level of security and more refined sensitivity with a preferably lower energy demand would be more advantageous.
  • the result of our research is a sensor device with optimised light transmission and cheaper and slightly simplified electronics, which uses significantly less energy than conventional devices, and, quite surprisingly, provides a sensitivity one order of magnitude better than the photoelectric sensors known at present.
  • the sensitivity of the photodiode used as the sensor and the accuracy of detection were enhanced using optoelectronic methods.
  • the quantity of light transmitted to the diode and the change brought about by this event is made more efficient by collecting the light beams from the observation space to the diode with the help of a plano-convex lens, or, if the light source of light is not laser, then the scattered light of the infrared light source is directed into the observation space with a plano-convex lens as a parallel beam.
  • a plano-convex lens or, if the light source of light is not laser, then the scattered light of the infrared light source is directed into the observation space with a plano-convex lens as a parallel beam.
  • the operational mode of the photodiode may be changed from photo resistive to photovoltaic, which results in the significant reduction of the own noise while increasing sensitivity, and also significantly reduces energy demand.
  • the omission of the biasing circuit allows operation of the amplification module by a voltage as low as 3V, i.e. using batteries such as the LED light source and the microcontroller unit in this case.
  • the reduction of the intrinsic noise also enabled the use of a single photodiode - which simplifies the construction of the control unit as well.
  • the invention is therefore an optoelectronic sensor for the local detection of small objects - preferably dropping insects in the size range of 0.1-10 mm - which comprises an electronically controlled, electrically powered infrared light source containing the observation space fitted to its housing and infrared sensor connected via the signal amplifying module to the electronic control unit and a communication module containing a radio transmitter, and these are all connected by wiring, whereby the virtual optical axis passing through the observation space and connecting the light source and the sensor has at least one plano-convex optical lens placed between the light source and the sensor and the sensor is a photodiode in photovoltaic operational mode.
  • one receiver side optical lens is sufficient, placed along the virtual optical axis connecting the light source and the sensor between the observation space, at 0.5-1 times its focal length from the sensor.
  • the light source is infrared LED
  • multiple plano-convex optical lenses may have to be placed along the virtual optical axis connecting the light source and the sensor: one receiver side lens placed between the observation space and the sensor placed at 0.5-1 times its focal length from the sensor, and an emitter side lens placed between the observation space and the light source placed at 0.5-1 times its focal length from the light source.
  • Figure 1 shows a block diagram of an optoelectronic sensor designed to detect falling objects 0.1- 10 mm in size. It has an electronically controlled infrared light source 3 containing the observation space 5 , fitted to the housing 14 and an infrared sensor 7 connected through the signal amplification module 9 to the electronic control unit 11 .
  • the power supply of the control unit 11 is supplied from the power source 1 through the supply circuit 10 from where, by the insertion of a filter 12, the power supply of the infrared LED as the light source 3 is also provided.
  • the control unit 11 has a communication module 13 containing the radio transmitter.
  • the elements of the electronic arrangement are connected to each other via cables 2 .
  • the sensor 7 is a photodiode in photovoltaic operational mode due to the power supply unit 8 and the multistage signal amplifying module 9 connected to it.
  • Two plano-convex lenses are placed along the virtual optical axis 15 connecting the light source 3 and the sensor 7 passing through the observation space 5, with an emitter side lens 4 placed between the light source 3 and the observation space 5 at 0.5-1 times the focal length from the light source 3 , and a receiver side lens 6 placed between the observation space 5 and the sensor 7 at 0.5-1 times the focal length from the sensor 7 .
  • the power sources 1 are preferably 3V batteries
  • the infrared light source 3 is a TSAL6200 type LED with a wavelength of 940nm
  • the casing of the sensor photodiode 7 has a minimal attenuation for light around 940nm and the distance between the light source 3 and the sensor 7 is 30-60mm.
  • the optical lenses fitted (using screws enabling fine distance adjustments) to the housing 14 containing the observation space 5 and supporting the light source 3 have diameters of 13 mm, thicknesses at the centre of 3.6 mm and 2.4 mm at the edge with focal lengths of 20 mm.
  • the distance between the lenses is preferably 25— 40mm
  • the distance between the sensor 7 side and receiver 6 side lenses is about 0.5-1 times the focal length.
  • Figure 2 shows a preferred connection of the signal amplifying module 9 and the sensor photodiode 7 with the symbols generally used in electronics.
  • the signal-amplifying module 9 is a three-stage amplifier whose transmission bandwidth is set to 3O-1500Hz with the connection elements of the circuit.
  • a high-pass filtering is necessary to filter out DC fluctuations while the low-pass filtering is made up in part of the limiting frequencies of the operational amplifiers and in part from the effect of the noise reduction feedback condensers.
  • the most significant difference in comparison to the signal amplifiers of sensors not containing optical lenses is that it contains no transistor biasing circuit for the photodiode, allowing photovoltaic operational mode for the diode.
  • the first amplifying stage essentially performs impedance matching and the amplification of the subsequent stages is about a 1000 fold in total.
  • the amplified signal is then transferred to an operational amplifier functioning as a hysteresis comparator, at the output of which the impulse will appear upon signals exceeding the value of hysteresis.
  • the amplifier amplifies very weak signals, which makes it extremely important to have a low noise power supply - hence the application of separate power sources and power supply regulating circuits for the analogous and digital circuits.
  • Figure 3 show a possible connection diagram of the control unit 11 built on the microcontroller with the symbols generally used in electronics. According to how the programming of the built in microcontroller, the control unit 11 is able to receive output signals from the photodiode 9, whose sensitivity is enhanced by the lenses, to store and process signal packages and to forward them with the low power radio transmitter of the corresponding communication unit 13 in the form of a 433 MHz radio signal.
  • Figure 4 shows the operation of the sensor device introduced in figures 1-3.
  • the device is able to detect all target objects in the size range of 0.1-10 mm that appear in the observation space 5, falling through the infall flue 16 and ending up in the collector 17.
  • the rays of the infrared light source 3 supplied from the filtration circuit 12 are projected parallel through the emitter side optical lens 4 into the observation space 5 ensuring quasi-even illumination, then they are focused through the receiver side optical lens 6 onto the infrared sensor diode 7.
  • the light source 3 is preferably operated by a 0.2 mA current, while photoelectric illumination known so far required a minimum current of 0.5 mA; which enables battery operation. As a result of focusing, there are far less light rays not utilised by the sensor 7, ensuring the enhanced efficiency of the device.
  • the interior configuration of the housing 14 preferably absorbs the blocked light rays preventing them from reflecting and filtering in behind the target object T onto the infrared sensor 7 behind the receiver side optical lens 6.
  • the appearance of the target object T in the observation space 5 in comparison to the light gates not containing the optics produces a more prominent decrease in intensity, and the relationship between the size of the target object T and the decrease in intensity becomes more proportionate - therefore the output diode change generated in the diode will indicate the appearance and drop of the falling target object T with far less errors. As a result, it detects smaller objects and the signal is also more reliable.
  • the output signal is forwarded to the signal amplifying module, shown as 9 in figure 2, which amplifies it about a 1000 fold, but impulses from the hysteresis comparator will only be generated for signals over the error threshold, and these impulses are forwarded to the control unit 11 built as shown in figure 3.
  • the control unit 11, according to the programming for its built-in microcontroller will store and log the signals and if necessary, process the signal groups and will forward them using the radio of the communication module 13, preferably for a central data collector and evaluator base.
  • the optoelectronic system according to the invention is able to detect smaller falling objects, which is a very important consideration in insect ecology investigations. This method helps the online observation of certain living organisms in their natural habitats, which was not possible before (e.g. soil mesofauna).
  • control unit control and signal evaluation CPU
  • filter circuit (for the light source)
  • communication module radio transmitter with antenna

Abstract

The invention is an improved optoelectronic sensor for the local detection of small dropping insects, preferably in the size range of 0.1-10 mm, which comprises an electronically controlled, electrically powered (1) infrared light source (3) containing the observation space (5) fitted to its housing (14) and infrared sensor (7) connected via the signal amplifying module (9) to the electronic control unit (11) and a communication module (13) containing a radio transmitter, and these are all connected by wiring (2). The sensor is a photodiode in photovoltaic operational mode and the virtual optical axis (15) connecting the light source (3) and the sensor (7) has at least one optical converging lens placed between the light source (3) and the sensor (7).

Description

OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICE TO DETECT SMALL INSECTS
The invention is an optoelectronic device for the local detection of small falling insect specimens, preferably in the range of 0.1-10 mm.
It may be used for scientific and agricultural activities, especially for remote observation activities in soil science and insect ecology as well as pest control in agriculture.
Devices for similar use known to date are based on photoelectric detection. In the description of the patent US546404 - a detector developed to remotely observe insects moving in grains - the device detects the entry and size of objects falling into the detection space illuminated by an infrared LED in the trap created in the target area with the help of one or more electrically controlled photodiodes, whose data are then shaped and amplified using analogous and digital circuits and forwarded to a computer via a parallel port, where they are evaluated and registered or forwarded if necessary. In the improved detection system, as described in the patent US6882279, the arrangement of the control electronics of the photoelectric sensor unit has been modernised by the incorporation of a microcontroller; the accuracy of detection may thereby manipulated by adjusting certain parameters of the signal amplifier, and a number of remotely placed photoelectric sensors have been organised into one common data system by enabling these to communicate with a central unit using radio waves.
Measurements performed using photoelectric instruments similar in terms of operating principle and construction have presented a number of issues related to sensitivity. Theoretically, the tiniest particle may be detected by the diode if it falls into the light beam, but the low base level of light transmission and the detection of the even smaller change makes the detection uncertain. A LED light source operating in the infrared range generally emits at an angle of 30°. The divergent light rays are scattered and reflected in the observation space, with only a small portion reaching the photodiode at the opposite end. When something drops into the illuminated space, it covers part of the light rays emitted towards the photodiode, but this change is only detected and forwarded by the diode with a certain delay. The differentiation of noise from useful signals may only be moderately enhanced by observing the same event with multiple optical gate sensors. Based on practical experience, setting the sensitivity of a sensor unit solely composed of photoelectric sensors produces a high number of false signals, while setting the sensitivity lower will result in the uncertain detection of falling objects with 1-2 mm in size and the device proved to have a large relative energy requirement compared to its size and application characteristics.
For purposes of insect ecology and soil science research and even in the field of plant protection, a detector with a higher level of security and more refined sensitivity with a preferably lower energy demand would be more advantageous. The result of our research is a sensor device with optimised light transmission and cheaper and slightly simplified electronics, which uses significantly less energy than conventional devices, and, quite surprisingly, provides a sensitivity one order of magnitude better than the photoelectric sensors known at present.
According to the experience gained in developing the invention, the sensitivity of the photodiode used as the sensor and the accuracy of detection were enhanced using optoelectronic methods. The quantity of light transmitted to the diode and the change brought about by this event is made more efficient by collecting the light beams from the observation space to the diode with the help of a plano-convex lens, or, if the light source of light is not laser, then the scattered light of the infrared light source is directed into the observation space with a plano-convex lens as a parallel beam. As a consequence of focusing, in a stationary state almost all the emitted light may be projected onto the photodiode, enabling it to function at a duty point of far lower intrinsic resistance. In a parallel beam, the light blocked by the falling object creates a sharper signal, which enables a lower level of amplification. By omitting the biased transistor circuit, the operational mode of the photodiode may be changed from photo resistive to photovoltaic, which results in the significant reduction of the own noise while increasing sensitivity, and also significantly reduces energy demand. The omission of the biasing circuit allows operation of the amplification module by a voltage as low as 3V, i.e. using batteries such as the LED light source and the microcontroller unit in this case.
As the multiple grades were necessary to better distinguish intrinsic noise and useful signals, the reduction of the intrinsic noise also enabled the use of a single photodiode - which simplifies the construction of the control unit as well.
The invention is therefore an optoelectronic sensor for the local detection of small objects - preferably dropping insects in the size range of 0.1-10 mm - which comprises an electronically controlled, electrically powered infrared light source containing the observation space fitted to its housing and infrared sensor connected via the signal amplifying module to the electronic control unit and a communication module containing a radio transmitter, and these are all connected by wiring, whereby the virtual optical axis passing through the observation space and connecting the light source and the sensor has at least one plano-convex optical lens placed between the light source and the sensor and the sensor is a photodiode in photovoltaic operational mode. If the light source is an infrared laser, one receiver side optical lens is sufficient, placed along the virtual optical axis connecting the light source and the sensor between the observation space, at 0.5-1 times its focal length from the sensor. If the light source is infrared LED, multiple plano-convex optical lenses may have to be placed along the virtual optical axis connecting the light source and the sensor: one receiver side lens placed between the observation space and the sensor placed at 0.5-1 times its focal length from the sensor, and an emitter side lens placed between the observation space and the light source placed at 0.5-1 times its focal length from the light source.
The construction and the operation of the device as per the invention are shown in detail in the following figures:
1 block diagram showing the structure of the optoelectronic sensor
2 connection diagram of the signal amplifier module of an embodiment
3 connection diagram of the controlling circuit of the embodiment as shown in figure 2
4 the device shown in figure 1 in operation
Figure 1 shows a block diagram of an optoelectronic sensor designed to detect falling objects 0.1- 10 mm in size. It has an electronically controlled infrared light source 3 containing the observation space 5 , fitted to the housing 14 and an infrared sensor 7 connected through the signal amplification module 9 to the electronic control unit 11 . The power supply of the control unit 11 is supplied from the power source 1 through the supply circuit 10 from where, by the insertion of a filter 12, the power supply of the infrared LED as the light source 3 is also provided. The control unit 11 has a communication module 13 containing the radio transmitter. The elements of the electronic arrangement are connected to each other via cables 2 . The sensor 7 is a photodiode in photovoltaic operational mode due to the power supply unit 8 and the multistage signal amplifying module 9 connected to it. Two plano-convex lenses are placed along the virtual optical axis 15 connecting the light source 3 and the sensor 7 passing through the observation space 5, with an emitter side lens 4 placed between the light source 3 and the observation space 5 at 0.5-1 times the focal length from the light source 3 , and a receiver side lens 6 placed between the observation space 5 and the sensor 7 at 0.5-1 times the focal length from the sensor 7 .
For a particular embodiment, the power sources 1 are preferably 3V batteries, the infrared light source 3 is a TSAL6200 type LED with a wavelength of 940nm, the casing of the sensor photodiode 7 has a minimal attenuation for light around 940nm and the distance between the light source 3 and the sensor 7 is 30-60mm. The optical lenses fitted (using screws enabling fine distance adjustments) to the housing 14 containing the observation space 5 and supporting the light source 3 have diameters of 13 mm, thicknesses at the centre of 3.6 mm and 2.4 mm at the edge with focal lengths of 20 mm. The distance between the lenses is preferably 25— 40mm, and the distance between the sensor 7 side and receiver 6 side lenses is about 0.5-1 times the focal length. If the light source 7 is infrared laser, the emitter side lens 6 would not be necessary, but the cost of the laser and the energy demand of operation and the cost of the control elements are also higher. Figure 2 shows a preferred connection of the signal amplifying module 9 and the sensor photodiode 7 with the symbols generally used in electronics. The signal-amplifying module 9 is a three-stage amplifier whose transmission bandwidth is set to 3O-1500Hz with the connection elements of the circuit. A high-pass filtering is necessary to filter out DC fluctuations while the low-pass filtering is made up in part of the limiting frequencies of the operational amplifiers and in part from the effect of the noise reduction feedback condensers. The most significant difference in comparison to the signal amplifiers of sensors not containing optical lenses is that it contains no transistor biasing circuit for the photodiode, allowing photovoltaic operational mode for the diode. The first amplifying stage essentially performs impedance matching and the amplification of the subsequent stages is about a 1000 fold in total. The amplified signal is then transferred to an operational amplifier functioning as a hysteresis comparator, at the output of which the impulse will appear upon signals exceeding the value of hysteresis. The amplifier amplifies very weak signals, which makes it extremely important to have a low noise power supply - hence the application of separate power sources and power supply regulating circuits for the analogous and digital circuits.
Figure 3 show a possible connection diagram of the control unit 11 built on the microcontroller with the symbols generally used in electronics. According to how the programming of the built in microcontroller, the control unit 11 is able to receive output signals from the photodiode 9, whose sensitivity is enhanced by the lenses, to store and process signal packages and to forward them with the low power radio transmitter of the corresponding communication unit 13 in the form of a 433 MHz radio signal.
Figure 4 shows the operation of the sensor device introduced in figures 1-3. The device is able to detect all target objects in the size range of 0.1-10 mm that appear in the observation space 5, falling through the infall flue 16 and ending up in the collector 17.
If switched on and left stationary, the rays of the infrared light source 3 supplied from the filtration circuit 12 are projected parallel through the emitter side optical lens 4 into the observation space 5 ensuring quasi-even illumination, then they are focused through the receiver side optical lens 6 onto the infrared sensor diode 7. The light source 3 is preferably operated by a 0.2 mA current, while photoelectric illumination known so far required a minimum current of 0.5 mA; which enables battery operation. As a result of focusing, there are far less light rays not utilised by the sensor 7, ensuring the enhanced efficiency of the device.
When a target object T falls into the observation space 5, it covers the parallel rays coming from the emitter side, which reduces the light intensity on the receiver side, i.e. changes the output signal of the diode. As the distribution of the light beam in the observation space 5 is almost even, the detection is independent of the position of the T target objects. The interior configuration of the housing 14 preferably absorbs the blocked light rays preventing them from reflecting and filtering in behind the target object T onto the infrared sensor 7 behind the receiver side optical lens 6. Because of this, the appearance of the target object T in the observation space 5 in comparison to the light gates not containing the optics produces a more prominent decrease in intensity, and the relationship between the size of the target object T and the decrease in intensity becomes more proportionate - therefore the output diode change generated in the diode will indicate the appearance and drop of the falling target object T with far less errors. As a result, it detects smaller objects and the signal is also more reliable.
The output signal is forwarded to the signal amplifying module, shown as 9 in figure 2, which amplifies it about a 1000 fold, but impulses from the hysteresis comparator will only be generated for signals over the error threshold, and these impulses are forwarded to the control unit 11 built as shown in figure 3. The control unit 11, according to the programming for its built-in microcontroller will store and log the signals and if necessary, process the signal groups and will forward them using the radio of the communication module 13, preferably for a central data collector and evaluator base.
The application of the optical and electronic developments according to the invention therefore provide more accurate information with more efficient energy consumption.
As this electrotechnical construction can operate with very low energy consumption, battery powered continuous operation can provide long-term monitoring even at locations where power supply from power chords is not available (e.g. forests).
The optoelectronic system according to the invention is able to detect smaller falling objects, which is a very important consideration in insect ecology investigations. This method helps the online observation of certain living organisms in their natural habitats, which was not possible before (e.g. soil mesofauna).
Signs used in the figures: (List of numbered parts):
1. power source (accumulator, battery)
2. cable
3. (infrared) light source (LED)
4. emitter side optical lens
5. observation space
6. receiver side optical lens
7. (infrared) sensor (diode)
8. power circuit (for the signal amplifying module)
9. signal amplifying module
10. power circuit (for the control unit)
1 1. control unit (control and signal evaluation CPU)
12. filter circuit (for the light source)
13. communication module (radio transmitter with antenna)
14. house
15. virtual optical axis
16. infall flue
17. collector
T target object

Claims

1. An improved optoelectronic sensor for the local detection of small dropping insects in the size range of 0.1-10 mm, which comprises an electronically controlled, electrically powered (1) infrared light source (3) containing the observation space (5) fitted to its housing (14) and infrared sensor (7) connected via the signal amplifying module (9) to the electronic control unit (1 1) and a communication module (13) containing a radio transmitter, and these are all connected by wiring (2), characterised in that the virtual optical axis (15) connecting the light source (3) and the sensor (7) has at least one optical converging lens placed between the light source (3) and the sensor (7) and the sensor is a photodiode in photovoltaic operational mode.
2. An optoelectronic sensor according to claim 1 - characterised in that the light source (3) is an infrared LED, and that the virtual optical axis (15) connecting the light source (3) and the sensor (7) contains an emitter side lens (4) placed between the light source (3) and the observation space (5) at a distance of 0.5-1 times the focal length from the light source (3); and areceiver side lens (6) placed between the sensor (7) and the observation space (5) at a distance of 0.5-1 times the focal length from the sensor (7).
Budapest, 14 October 2014.
Benkone Csillag, Lucia Patent Attorney Representative
- 6 -
PCT/HU2014/000094 2013-10-17 2014-10-16 Opto-electronic device for detecting small insects WO2015056035A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HU1300593A HUP1300593A2 (en) 2013-10-17 2013-10-17 Optoelektronic device for detecting small objects
HUP1300593 2013-10-17

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WO2015056035A1 true WO2015056035A1 (en) 2015-04-23

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115362990A (en) * 2022-09-22 2022-11-22 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 Insect flapping frequency measuring device and method

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2254142A (en) * 1991-03-29 1992-09-30 Hochiki Co Photoelectric smoke detector
US5646404A (en) * 1995-02-17 1997-07-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Electronic grain probe insect counter (EGPIC)
US6882279B2 (en) * 2001-05-02 2005-04-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Sensor output analog processing-A microcontroller-based insect monitoring system
US20090198027A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2009-08-06 Basell Polylolefine Gmbh Process for the preparation of ethylene propylene copolymers

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2254142A (en) * 1991-03-29 1992-09-30 Hochiki Co Photoelectric smoke detector
US5646404A (en) * 1995-02-17 1997-07-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Electronic grain probe insect counter (EGPIC)
US6882279B2 (en) * 2001-05-02 2005-04-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Sensor output analog processing-A microcontroller-based insect monitoring system
US20090198027A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2009-08-06 Basell Polylolefine Gmbh Process for the preparation of ethylene propylene copolymers

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115362990A (en) * 2022-09-22 2022-11-22 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 Insect flapping frequency measuring device and method
CN115362990B (en) * 2022-09-22 2024-02-13 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 Insect wing vibration frequency measuring device and method

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