The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of multi-wavelength scanning laser radar sensoring, when obtaining the atural object three-dimensional spatial information, can obtain the multi-wavelength object spectrum information that manys abundanter simultaneously than single wavelength, can discern and judge the difference of typical feature exactly, and can detect biomass information important in plant health degree and the blade (chlorophyll, xenthophylls, nitrogen content etc.), improve ability and the range of application of laser radar to the atural object remote sensing comprehensively.
For achieving the above object, the utility model adopts following technical scheme:
Comprise semiconductor and Solid State Laser transmitter, laser scanner, laser range finder, optical receiver, laser scanning controller, stadimeter controller, signal processing circuit and computing machine;
The output terminal of described laser scanning controller links to each other with an input end of described laser scanner, the output terminal of described semiconductor and Solid State Laser transmitter links to each other with another input end of described laser scanner, the output terminal of described stadimeter controller links to each other with the input end of described laser range finder, and the output terminal of described optical receiver links to each other with described signal processing circuit and input end and computer.
Described semiconductor and Solid State Laser transmitter are by green light pulse Laser emission group, ruddiness pulse laser emission group, nearly red pulse laser emission group, pulsed infrared laser emission group and close beam system and form, and the laser that described green light pulse Laser emission group, ruddiness pulse laser emission group, nearly red pulse laser emission group, pulsed infrared laser emission group are launched becomes a branch of light output after closing beam system.
Described green light pulse Laser emission group is made of solid state laser power supply, laser socket, green glow solid state laser and non-spherical lens; Described ruddiness pulse laser emission group is made of solid state laser power supply, laser socket, ruddiness solid state laser and non-spherical lens; Described nearly red pulse laser emission group is made of solid state laser power supply, laser socket, nearly red solid state laser and non-spherical lens; Described pulsed infrared laser emission group is made of solid state laser power supply, laser socket, infrared solid laser instrument and non-spherical lens;
The laser of green light pulse Laser emission group output is combined into Ray Of Light with the laser of being exported by ruddiness pulse laser emission group behind first optical filter after the completely reflecting mirror reflection; Simultaneously, by the laser of pulsed infrared laser emission group output after the completely reflecting mirror reflection, behind second optical filter, be combined into Ray Of Light with laser by nearly red pulse laser emission group output, and restraint light through completely reflecting mirror reflection back with closing of green glow and ruddiness pulse laser and be combined into Ray Of Light after through the 3rd optical filter, this light is exported after one group of reflector group, is input to optical receiver by prism.
Described green light pulse Laser emission group, ruddiness pulse laser emission group, nearly red pulse laser emission group, pulsed infrared laser emission group are provided with temperature controller and laser socket respectively; Power source of semiconductor laser output terminal in red laser pulse emission group and the infrared laser pulses emission group and temperature controller output terminal thereof link to each other with separately laser socket input end respectively, red light semiconductor laser and infrared semiconductor laser are installed on separately the laser socket, and the input of red light semiconductor laser and infrared semiconductor laser is connected the output of laser socket separately respectively.
Described optical receiver is made up of receiving telescope, field stop, collimating optics lens, first optical filter, second optical filter and the 3rd optical filter, green glow narrow band pass filter, ruddiness narrow band pass filter, nearly red narrow band pass filter, infrared narrow band filter and two completely reflecting mirrors; The receiving telescope output terminal links to each other with the field stop input end, the field stop output terminal links to each other with collimating optics lens input end, collimating optics lens output terminal links to each other with the first optical filter input end, an output terminal of first optical filter links to each other with the input end of first completely reflecting mirror, and another output terminal links to each other with the input end of second completely reflecting mirror; The output terminal of first completely reflecting mirror links to each other with the input end of second optical filter, the output terminal of second completely reflecting mirror links to each other with the input end of the 3rd optical filter, an output terminal of second optical filter links to each other with the input end of green glow narrow band pass filter, another output terminal links to each other with the input end of ruddiness narrow band pass filter, an output terminal of the 3rd optical filter links to each other with the input end of nearly red narrow band pass filter, and another output terminal links to each other with the input end of infrared narrow band filter.
Described signal processing circuit and computing machine are made up of four photomultipliers, four high-voltage power supplies, four amplifiers, photon counter, gpib interface card and computing machines; The high-voltage power supply output terminal links to each other with the photomultiplier high voltage input terminal, the photomultiplier output terminal links to each other with amp.in, amplifier out links to each other with the photon counter input end, photon counter links to each other with gpib interface card, gpib interface card is inserted in the computing machine, links to each other with computing machine by pci interface.
Described laser scanner adopts the multiple surface rotating mirror laser scanning; Laser scanner mainly is made up of tilting mirror, drive motor, tilting mirror axle, two each and every one bearings, shaft coupling, support and controller; Tilting mirror is fixed on the tilting mirror axle, and two Bearing Installation are at tilting mirror axle two ends; Drive motor is rack-mount, and drive motor directly is connected by shaft coupling with the tilting mirror axle, and drive motor links to each other with controller output end, and controller links to each other with computing machine by USB interface.
The utlity model has following advantage and good effect:
1) four long wavelength lasers of Cai Yonging are the compact low power laser instrument, so reduced the cost of instrument widely, have reduced volume and weight;
2) the utility model is comparatively safe, has improved the feasibility of system, and the sustainable and healthy development that can be agricultural provides useful service.
Embodiment
The utility model is described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with specific embodiment below:
The multi-wavelength scanning laser radar sensoring that the utility model provides specifically adopts following technical scheme.
Referring to Fig. 1, comprise semiconductor and Solid State Laser transmitter 1, laser scanner 2, laser range finder 3, optical receiver 4, laser scanning controller 5, stadimeter controller 6, signal processing circuit and computing machine 7; The laser that semiconductor and solid state laser 1 send is behind laser scanner 2, arrive detected object, the laser that while laser range finder 3 sends also arrives detected object, the laser that semiconductor and Solid State Laser transmitter 1 send forms echoed signal after the detected object reflection, echoed signal is caught by optical receiver 4, and the range information that obtains after signal that optical receiver 4 is caught and laser range finder 3 range findings is transported to signal processing circuit and computing machine 7 carries out data analysis and processing; The output terminal of laser scanning controller 5 links to each other with an input end of laser scanner 2, the output terminal of semiconductor and Solid State Laser transmitter 1 links to each other with another input end of laser scanner 2, the output terminal of stadimeter controller 6 links to each other with the input end of laser range finder 3, and the output terminal of optical receiver 4 links to each other with the input end of signal processing circuit and computing machine 7.
Referring to Fig. 2, above-mentioned semiconductor and Solid State Laser transmitter 1 are by green light pulse Laser emission group, ruddiness pulse laser emission group, nearly red pulse laser emission group, pulsed infrared laser emission group and close beam system and form.The laser of being launched by four pulse laser emission groups becomes a branch of light output after closing beam system.Wherein, green light pulse Laser emission group is by solid state laser power supply 8, laser socket 9, green glow solid state laser 10 and non-spherical lens 11 constitute, ruddiness pulse laser emission group is by solid state laser power supply 13, laser socket 14, ruddiness solid state laser 15 and non-spherical lens 16 constitute, nearly red pulse laser emission group is by solid state laser power supply 20, laser socket 21, nearly red solid state laser 22 and non-spherical lens 23 constitute, and pulsed infrared laser emission group is by solid state laser power supply 27, laser socket 28, infrared solid laser instrument 29 and non-spherical lens 30 constitute.Closing beam system is made of completely reflecting mirror 12,19,25,26,31 and 2# optical filter 17,1# optical filter 18,3# optical filter 24.The output terminal of solid state laser power supply 8 links to each other with the input end of laser socket 9, and solid state laser 10 is installed on the laser socket 9; The output terminal of solid state laser power supply 13 links to each other with the input end of laser socket 14, and solid state laser 15 is installed on the laser socket 14; The output terminal of solid state laser power supply 20 links to each other with the input end of laser socket 21, and solid state laser 22 is installed on the laser socket 21; The output terminal of solid state laser power supply 27 links to each other with the input end of laser socket 28, and solid state laser 29 is installed on the laser socket 28; The output terminal of laser instrument 10 links to each other with the input end of aspheric mirror 11, the output terminal of laser instrument 15 links to each other with the input end of aspheric mirror 16, the output terminal of laser instrument 21 links to each other with the input end of aspheric mirror 23, the output terminal of laser instrument 29 links to each other with the input end of aspheric mirror 30, the output terminal of aspheric mirror 11 links to each other with the input end of completely reflecting mirror 12, the output terminal of the output terminal of aspheric mirror 16 and completely reflecting mirror 12 links to each other with the input end of 1# optical filter 17, the output terminal of aspheric mirror 30 links to each other with the input end of completely reflecting mirror 31, the output terminal of the output terminal of completely reflecting mirror 31 and aspheric mirror 23 links to each other with 3# optical filter 24, the output terminal of 3# optical filter links to each other with the input end of completely reflecting mirror 25, the output terminal of the output terminal of 2# optical filter 17 and completely reflecting mirror 25 links to each other with the input end of 1# optical filter 18, the output terminal of 1# optical filter 18 links to each other with the input end of completely reflecting mirror 19, and the output terminal of completely reflecting mirror 19 links to each other with the input end of completely reflecting mirror 26.After the laser process shaping of aspheric mirror 11 by the output of ruddiness pulse laser emission group, project on the completely reflecting mirror 11, after reflection, with by the laser of green light pulse Laser emission group output after the shaping of aspheric mirror 16, again by being combined into Ray Of Light behind the 2# optical filter 17.Simultaneously, by the laser of nearly red pulse laser emission group output after the shaping of aspheric mirror 23, project on the completely reflecting mirror 31, after reflection, with by the laser of pulsed infrared laser emission group output after the shaping of aspheric mirror 30, again by being combined into Ray Of Light behind the 3# optical filter 24, be combined into Ray Of Light after the light that this light closes bundle through completely reflecting mirror 24 reflection back with green light pulse Laser emission and the emission of ruddiness pulse laser passes through 1# optical filter 18, and 49 survey on the tilting mirror through exporting and project laser scanner after one group of reflector group 19,26.
Referring to Fig. 3, optical receiving system by receiving telescope 32 (Meade, LX200GPS), field stop 33, collimating optics lens 34,1# optical filter 35,2# optical filter 36,3# optical filter 39, infrared narrow band filter 40, nearly red narrow band pass filter 41, green glow narrow band pass filter 42, ruddiness narrow band pass filter 43 and completely reflecting mirror 37 and 38 form; Receiving telescope 32 output terminals link to each other with field stop 33 input ends, field stop 33 output terminals link to each other with collimating optics lens 34 input ends, collimating optics lens 34 output terminals link to each other with 1# optical filter 35 input ends, an output terminal of 1# optical filter 35 links to each other with the input end of completely reflecting mirror 37, and another output terminal links to each other with the input end of completely reflecting mirror 38.The output terminal of completely reflecting mirror 37 links to each other with the input end of 2# optical filter 36, and the output terminal of completely reflecting mirror 38 links to each other with the input end of 3# optical filter 39.An output terminal of 2# optical filter 36 links to each other with the input end of green glow narrow band pass filter 42, and another output terminal links to each other with the input end of ruddiness narrow band pass filter 43.An output terminal of 3# optical filter 39 links to each other with the input end of nearly red narrow band pass filter 41, and another output terminal links to each other with the input end of infrared narrow band filter 40.From plant leaf surface laser light reflected echoed signal after receiving telescope 32 is received light and is focused on, adopting field stop 33 will receive the visual field is controlled in the suitable field angle scope, after process collimating optics lens 34 are organized into directional light with echo optical signal, behind 1# optical filter 35, be divided into two-beam, again be divided into green glow and ruddiness two-beam nearly red and infrared light incides 2# optical filter 36 behind completely reflecting mirror 37 after a branch of comprising, another bundle comprises nearly red and light infrared light and incides behind completely reflecting mirror 38 and be divided into nearly red and infrared light two-beam after the 3# optical filter 39 again, projects photomultiplier (as shown in Figure 5) at last.
Referring to Fig. 4, and drive motor 45 (Berger Lahr, SER397), controller 44, motor shaft 46, shaft coupling 47, tilting mirror axle 48, laser scanner be made up of tilting mirror 50 (multiple surface rotating mirror), bearing 49 and 51 and three supports 52,53,54; Controller 44 output terminals link to each other with drive motor 45 input ends, drive motor is placed on the support 52, drive motor 45 links to each other with shaft coupling 47 by motor shaft 46, shaft coupling 47 other ends directly link to each other with tilting mirror axle 48, bearing 49 and 51 is installed in tilting mirror axle 48 two ends and is separately fixed on the support 53,54, tilting mirror axle 48 links to each other with tilting mirror 50, and laser projections is to tilting mirror 50 laggard line scannings.
Referring to Fig. 5, signal processing circuit and computing machine 5 are by photomultiplier 58,59,60,61 (Hamamatsu, model R7400U-20), high- voltage power supply 55,56,57,62 (Hamamatsu, model C 5500-02), amplifier 63,64,65,66 (Hamamatsu, model C 6498-01), photon counter 67 (SRS, model SR400), gpib interface card 68 (grinding China, model PCI-1670) and computing machine 69 are formed; High-voltage power supply 55 output terminals link to each other with photomultiplier 59 high voltage input terminal, photomultiplier 59 output terminals link to each other with amplifier 64 input ends, amplifier 64 output terminals link to each other with photon counter 67 input ends, high-voltage power supply 56 output terminals link to each other with photomultiplier 60 high voltage input terminal, photomultiplier 60 output terminals link to each other with amplifier 65 input ends, amplifier 65 output terminals link to each other with photon counter 67 input ends, high-voltage power supply 57 output terminals link to each other with photomultiplier 58 high voltage input terminal, photomultiplier 58 output terminals link to each other with amplifier 63 input ends, amplifier 63 output terminals link to each other with photon counter 67 input ends, high-voltage power supply 62 output terminals link to each other with photomultiplier 61 high voltage input terminal, photomultiplier 61 output terminals link to each other with amplifier 66 input ends, amplifier 66 output terminals link to each other with photon counter 67 input ends, photon counter 67 links to each other with gpib interface card 68, gpib interface card 68 is inserted in the computing machine 69, links to each other with computing machine 69 by pci interface.The flashlight of the green wavelength of filtering through 3# optical filter 39 (referring to Fig. 3) projects on the photosurface of photomultiplier 58, high-voltage power supply 57 provides the biasing high pressure for photomultiplier 58, photomultiplier 58 converts the flashlight of green wavelength to the photon pulse electric current, through amplifier 63 conversion and zoom into photon pulse voltage, output to photon counter 67 and carry out photon counting; The flashlight of the red light wavelength that filters through 3# optical filter 39 (referring to Fig. 3) projects on the photosurface of photomultiplier 59, high-voltage power supply 55 provides the biasing high pressure for photomultiplier 59, photomultiplier 59 converts the flashlight of red light wavelength to the photon pulse electric current, through amplifier 64 conversion and zoom into photon pulse voltage, output to photon counter 67 and carry out photon counting; The flashlight of the green wavelength of filtering through 3# optical filter 39 (referring to Fig. 3) projects on the photosurface of photomultiplier 58, high-voltage power supply 57 provides the biasing high pressure for photomultiplier 58, photomultiplier 58 converts the flashlight of green wavelength to the photon pulse electric current, through amplifier 63 conversion and zoom into photon pulse voltage, output to photon counter 67 and carry out photon counting; The flashlight of the nearly red wavelength that filters through 2# optical filter 36 (referring to Fig. 3) projects on the photosurface of photomultiplier 60, high-voltage power supply 56 provides the biasing high pressure for photomultiplier 60, the photomultiplier 60 nearly flashlight of red wavelength converts the photon pulse electric current to, through amplifier 65 conversion and zoom into photon pulse voltage, output to photon counter 67 and carry out photon counting; The flashlight of the infrared wavelength that filters through 2# optical filter 36 (referring to Fig. 3) projects on the photosurface of photomultiplier 61, high-voltage power supply 62 provides the biasing high pressure for photomultiplier 61, photomultiplier 61 converts the flashlight of infrared wavelength to the photon pulse electric current, through amplifier 66 conversion and zoom into photon pulse voltage, output to photon counter 67 and carry out photon counting; Photon counter 67 outputs to computing machine 69 through gpib interface card 68 after four kinds of wavelength optical signals are counted respectively, carries out data processing and analysis.
The utility model is installed on the carrier vehicle, outer being detected becomes a branch of different wave length (green glow, ruddiness, closely red and infrared) pulse laser beam that comprises after plant leaf blade is launched the ECDC ripple to hundreds of rice to tens of rice for it, when the different wave length laser pulse ran into plant leaf blade, green glow can be by the chlorophyll strong reflection in the plant leaf blade; Ruddiness can be by the chlorophyll strong absorption in the plant leaf blade; Nearly red and infrared meeting is by plant leaf blade eucaryotic cell structure strong reflection, the optical receiver of this system receives these reflected light signals, after shaping, optical filtering, opto-electronic conversion, amplification and photon counting processing, sending into computing machine analyzes and stores, can obtain the plant normalization index and the vegetation biomass index of plant leaf blade, thereby obtain chlorophyll content in plant health degree and the blade, be the sustainable and healthy development service of agricultural.