WO2015048564A1 - Écran oculaire chauffé à régions multiples - Google Patents

Écran oculaire chauffé à régions multiples Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015048564A1
WO2015048564A1 PCT/US2014/057887 US2014057887W WO2015048564A1 WO 2015048564 A1 WO2015048564 A1 WO 2015048564A1 US 2014057887 W US2014057887 W US 2014057887W WO 2015048564 A1 WO2015048564 A1 WO 2015048564A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
eye shield
heating material
heating
substrate
conductive regions
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2014/057887
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jack C. Cornelius
Original Assignee
Abominable Labs, Llc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US14/040,683 external-priority patent/US9210737B2/en
Application filed by Abominable Labs, Llc filed Critical Abominable Labs, Llc
Priority to KR1020167011247A priority Critical patent/KR20160066035A/ko
Priority to JP2016518132A priority patent/JP2016539667A/ja
Priority to CA2925317A priority patent/CA2925317A1/fr
Priority to AU2014324661A priority patent/AU2014324661A1/en
Priority to CN201480053542.3A priority patent/CN105828651A/zh
Priority to EP14848178.1A priority patent/EP3048919A4/fr
Publication of WO2015048564A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015048564A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/0004—Devices wherein the heating current flows through the material to be heated
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
    • A61F9/02—Goggles
    • A61F9/029—Additional functions or features, e.g. protection for other parts of the face such as ears, nose or mouth; Screen wipers or cleaning devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
    • A61F9/04—Eye-masks ; Devices to be worn on the face, not intended for looking through; Eye-pads for sunbathing
    • A61F9/06—Masks, shields or hoods for welders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
    • B63C11/02—Divers' equipment
    • B63C11/12—Diving masks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/023—Industrial applications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/18—Face protection devices
    • A42B3/22—Visors
    • A42B3/24—Visors with means for avoiding fogging or misting
    • A42B3/245—Visors with means for avoiding fogging or misting using means for heating, e.g. electric heating of the visor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/005—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using multiple resistive elements or resistive zones isolated from each other
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/037—Heaters with zones of different power density
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
    • H05B2214/04—Heating means manufactured by using nanotechnology

Definitions

  • This invention relates to anti-fog eye shields adapted to prevent fogging when used as part of electronic power-source powered anti-fogging systems, and more particularly to an anti-fog eye shield having an apportioned thin resistive-film heater on the eye shield to enable even heating of the lens, or alternatively customization of heating of the lens and for use in an anti-fog goggle, an anti-fog dive mask or other portable transparent anti-fog eye-protecting shield.
  • a common characteristic of such portable eye-protecting shields is the fact that they are lightweight enough to be worn on a user's head and are positioned relatively closely to a user's face such that the user's breath and body heat exacerbates fogging conditions.
  • Examples of fog- prone sport goggles intended for use during winter activities have included goggles for downhill skiing, cross-country skiing, snowboarding, snowmobiling, sledding, tubing, ice climbing and the like, and are widely known and widely utilized by sports enthusiasts and others whose duties or activities require them to be outside in snowy and other inclement cold-weather conditions.
  • Examples of fog- prone dive masks have included eye and nose masks independent of a breathing apparatus as well as full-face masks in which the breathing apparatus is integrated into the mask.
  • Examples of fog- prone eye-protecting shields have included a face shield that a doctor or dentist would wear to prevent pathogens from getting into the user's mouth or eyes, or a transparent face shield portion of a motorcycle or snow-mobile helmet. Fogging that impairs vision is a common problem with such goggles, dive masks and eye-protecting shields.
  • Some examples of disclosures providing for heating of goggle lenses include the following: US Patent No. 4,868,929, to Curcio, for Electrically Heated Ski Goggles, comprises an eye shield with embedded resistive wires operatively connected via a switching device to an external power source pack adapted to produce heating of the eye shield for anti-fog purposes.
  • the Curcio disclosure does not teach even heating of a lens, or alternatively customized heating of a lens, by employing a certain configuration of thin-film heating material on the lens.
  • a problem with sport goggles which have employed electrical heating is that of uneven heating over the entire surface of an irregular-shaped eye shield.
  • Goggles and dive masks, and their eye-shields are manufactured with an irregular shape required to maintain a position close to the face of the wearer and allowing cutouts for the nose and extended edges for peripheral vision.
  • serpentine wires included on, or within, eye shield lenses as for example in published US Patent Application No. 2008/0290081A1 to Biddel for Anti-Fogging Device and Anti- Fogging Viewing Member, and US Patent No. 4,638,728 to Elenewski for Visor Defroster, even heating of an irregular-shaped eye shield, or customized heating of such an eye shield, with a thin film heater has not been taught in the prior art.
  • Lebel et al. would be susceptible to hot spots, and using such devices in limited battery-powered applications has unduly discharged the battery.
  • the reason for the hot spots has been because the electrical resistivity between the electrical connections across the resistive elements on the eye shield has been greater or lesser at different locations on the eye shield such that the amount of electrical current consumed in the areas with less distance between terminal connections is greater and the amount of electrical current consumed in areas with greater distance between the terminal connections is less.
  • Still another problem associated particularly with goggles and dive masks is the amount of space provided between the eye shield portion of the device and the user's face. Where insufficient space has been provided, the wearing of corrective lens eye glasses within the goggle or mask has been prohibited. Further, where excess distance has been provided between the shield portion of the device and the user's eyes, the ability to incorporate corrective lenses into the goggle or mask eye shield itself has been prohibited.
  • the multiple-region eye shield of the present invention provides a thin-film conductive heating element on the eye shield or lens surface that is divided into multiple regions, for example regions according to irregular and differently-shaped portions of the lens such as directly over the bridge of the nose as compared to directly in front of the eyes, to enable even, or alternatively custom, heating of such differently-shaped or sized regions.
  • an eye shield adapted for use with a powered circuit having a given voltage, for preventing fogging of the eye shield and for preventing hot spots on the eye shield.
  • the eye shield in accordance with this aspect of the invention comprises: An optically-transparent substrate adapted for protecting at least one of a user's eyes and adapted for defining at least a partially-enclosed space between at least one of the user's eye's and the substrate; and a plurality of electrically conductive regions of optically- transparent, electrically-resistive thin-film conductive heating material on the substrate.
  • an eye shield capable of substantially even heating across the entire eye shield is provided, even if the eye shield is an irregularly-shaped eye shield.
  • the number of conductive regions and the size of each conductive region is determined in accordance with predetermined power densities for the regions of an irregularly-shaped lens.
  • the power density of each region is preferably the same as the power density of each other region.
  • the power density of at least one region would be different than the power density of another region.
  • the number of the plurality of regions and the size of each region on the substrate may, or may not, be made in accordance with a heating profile.
  • a heating profile could be simply an understanding on the part of the designer of the lens that he or she would like even heating, to the degree feasible, across the lens substrate as in accordance with this aspect of the invention.
  • an understanding, or profile may involve custom heating of an eye shield, as for example may be the case for a snowboarder as compared to a skier.
  • a heating profile may typically be used where one or more parts of the eye shield are to be intentionally made warmer than other parts of the eye shield (e.g., where one side is warmer than another, or the edges are warmer than the middle of the eye shield).
  • one side of the lens corresponding to the forward foot of the snowboarder may require more heat since the snowboarder typically stands more sideways while going down a hill.
  • a heating profile may include a more detailed written profile including one or more of defined lens heating material regions, identification of size and shape of lens heating material regions, desired regions of relative increased heating, or decreased heating, and identification or calculation of respective region power densities.
  • the heating profile may be very simple, even just understood, or more complex and even written, and determines whether balanced, or even, heating is desired from one conductive region to the next across the eye shield, or whether a custom profile of full or proportional heating for each of the regions would be more desirable for a given eye shield configuration or purpose.
  • the invention may be used to produce both regular and more irregular-shaped eye shields that are evenly heated, or alternatively in accordance with a custom heating profile.
  • each conductive region is isolated by an electrically conductive area on the eye shield substrate.
  • This embodiment of the invention enables a designer and manufacturer to provide for the driving of separate areas of the eye shield with separate electronics channels such as that described in the co-pending US Patent Application Serial No. 13/397,691, Publication No: US2013/0212765A1, to Cornelius.
  • each conductive region is provided as being contiguous with adjacent regions of heating material on the eye shield.
  • This embodiment of the invention enables a designer and manufacturer to produce eye shields that either heat evenly, or heat according to a profile, with or without a PWM control, and thus this embodiment of the invention simplifies the manufacturing of a goggle, thus allowing for a less costly goggle.
  • the eye shield in accordance with this aspect of the invention may further comprise at least two bus bars connected to the conductive regions and adapted for interconnecting the conductive regions with the powered circuit.
  • This embodiment of the invention allows a designer and manufacturer of eye shields to work with a single channel circuit provided in a goggle.
  • the eye shield in accordance with this aspect of the invention may further comprise a plurality of conductive bus-bars connected to each of said conductive regions and adapted for interconnecting each said conductive region with the powered circuit.
  • This embodiment of the invention allows a designer and manufacturer of heated eye shields to work with a multichannel circuit to provide even greater control over heating of the eye shield.
  • the specified resistivity of the heating material may be either varied in accordance with varying formulations of heating material, for example 10-ohm per square ITO (or other heating material), 20-ohm per square ITO, etc., or the thickness of the heating material may be varied to vary this resistivity. Or, alternatively, some combination of varied formulation and varied thickness of heating material may be employed in accordance with either aspect of the invention.
  • the heating material of at least one of the plurality of conductive regions of the eye shield may be provided to have a specified resistivity per square that is different from the specified resistivity per square of the heating material of another of the plurality of conductive regions of the eye shield.
  • the formulation of the heating material of at least one of the plurality of conductive regions may be selected in accordance with a given resistivity per square for the heating material.
  • the resistivity per square of the heating material of at least one of the plurality of conductive regions may be determined at least in part by varying the thickness of application of the heating material to the substrate.
  • the designer and manufacturer of eye shields is enabled greater flexibility to design the eye shield and its desired heating characteristics, whether with or without a heating profile, by selecting from available materials and thicknesses in accordance with either aspect or any embodiment of the invention.
  • Such flexibility of design options for the eye shield during design and manufacture makes balancing of power densities across the plurality of conductive regions easier to accomplish given size, shape, voltage input and power density requirements.
  • the eye shield having a customized heating aspect and/or embodiment of the invention (whether in an electrically-isolated heating regions embodiment or a contiguous heating regions embodiment), it will be apparent from the foregoing that there may be provided at least one region of the plurality of conductive regions having a power density that is different than the power density of another of the plurality of conductive regions.
  • custom heating profiles may be more easily enabled by employing one, or more, conductive regions of different resistivity per square than another, or others, or differing thicknesses of conductive regions, or heating elements, on the same eye shield, to accommodate particular needs, such as extreme condition performance requirements, custom applications, highly irregular-shaped eye-shields, and the like.
  • the substrate of the eye shield is preferably of an irregular shape, since it is such eye shields that would otherwise be prone to uneven heating.
  • irregular shaped eye shield, or substrate means an eye shield or substrate of any shape other than square or rectangular.
  • an eye shield adapted for use with a powered circuit having a given voltage, for preventing fogging of the eye shield and for preventing hot spots on the eye shield, comprising: An optically-transparent substrate adapted for protecting a user's eyes and adapted for defining at least a partially-enclosed space between the user's eyes and said substrate; and a plurality of electrically-isolated conductive regions of optically-transparent electrically-resistive thin-film conductive heating material on the substrate, wherein the power density of each region is the same as the power density of each other region and wherein the heating material of at least one of the plurality of conductive regions has a specified resistivity per square that is different from the specified resistivity per square of the heating material of another of the plurality of conductive regions.
  • an eye shield adapted for use with a powered circuit having a given voltage, for preventing fogging of the eye shield and for preventing hot spots on the eye shield, comprising: an optically-transparent substrate adapted for protecting a user's eyes and adapted for defining at least a partially-enclosed space between the user's eyes and the substrate; and a plurality of contiguous conductive regions of optically-transparent electrically-resistive thin-film conductive heating material on the substrate, wherein the power density of each region is the same as the power density of each other region and wherein the heating material of at least one of the plurality of conductive regions has a specified resistivity per square that is different from the specified resistivity per square of the heating material of another of the plurality of conductive regions.
  • the resistivity per square of the heating material of the at least one of the plurality of conductive regions may also be determined, at least in part, by varying the thickness of application of the heating material to the substrate.
  • any region of heating material as part of the invention may be varied either or both by choosing a heating material having a different formulation and by varying the thickness of the application of the heating material to the lens substrate.
  • the eye shield of the invention provides a unique fog-prevention eye shield for use in connection with ski goggles, dive masks, motorcycle helmet visors or snowmobile helmet visors, and the like. Further the eye shield in accordance with the invention provides a unique fog-prevention eye shield for use in medical, high-tech, testing or other working environments where fogging of a visor or eye shield may become a problem. The elimination of undesirable hot spots on the eye shield is accomplished with the invention in that each region may be designed to an appropriate size and shape that yields a power density that is appropriate for the size of the region being heated.
  • the invention enables prevention of fogging while also preventing hot spots on the eye shield without the need for a pulse-width modulated (PWM) system as described in co-pending US Patent Application Serial No. 13/397,691, Publication No. US2013/0212765A1 to Cornelius, it may also be used in connection with such a PWM system if so desired for other reasons.
  • PWM pulse-width modulated
  • the invention accomplishes heating of the eye shield, and thus prevention of fogging while also preventing hot spots on the eye shield in that the balancing of the heating of the eye shield, or conversely customized zone heating of the eye shield, is determined by the eye shield itself and at the time of design and manufacture.
  • the foregoing aspects of the invention provide an eye shield that is adapted for being heated in an electrical circuit to raise the temperature of the inner surface of the eye shield above the dew point in order to prevent fogging, without creating undesirable hot spots in portions of the eye shield, e.g., over the bridge of the nose, where a unitary evenly-applied heating material would produce too much power for the region causing it to overheat.
  • PWM pulse width modulation
  • the device of this aspect of the invention enables balanced, or alternatively customized, heating of the eye shield with, or without, a pulse-width modulated (PWM) heater driver as described in the co-pending Cornelius US Patent Application Serial No. 13/397,691, Publication No. US2013/0212765A1.
  • PWM pulse-width modulated
  • the method of the invention provides an eye shield that is easy and cost effective to produce, and the eye shield will also function to allow even or customized heating with a variety of different heated goggles, masks or visors.
  • a PWM heater driver like that disclosed in the co-pending Cornelius Patent Application, Serial No. 13/397,691, Publication No.
  • US2013/0212765A1 would allow variability of the output of the heating material on the eye shield and would allow even greater efficiency of the system in terms of battery usage, a PWM heater driver is not necessary for purposes of this present invention, in that should a user simply desire an even or customized heating profile of the eye shield, without the ability to vary the heat output of the eye shield as possible to conserve energy with a single-PWM channel heater driver, the user may simply use a constant voltage, constant output, heating system for the eye shield of the invention to achieve the desired result.
  • the invention may be adapted for use in connection with an eye-shield heating system utilizing a portable battery, as in the case of smaller batteries carried on a goggle body or strap, or also if a larger battery is available, as in the case of a battery on a snowmobile, airplane, automobile or other vehicle.
  • a nonconductive protective coating over the heating material to protect the heating material.
  • This protective coating secured to the heating material and the substrate helps ensure that the heating material will not be damaged, as with scratching, which could impair the functioning of the heating material on the eye shield.
  • any of the foregoing aspects of the method for making an eye shield of the present invention, or the resulting eye shield of the present invention may be adapted for use in connection with the manufacture of a sport goggle or any protective eye-shield, such as for skiing, inner-tu bing, tobogganing, ice-climbing, snow-mobile riding, cycling, running, working with patients, in other medical or testing environments, and the like. Further, any of the foregoing aspects of the invention may be adapted for use in the production of a diving mask eye shield.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart regarding a method for adapting an eye shield for use in a system for preventing fogging of the eye shield while preventing hot spots on the eye shield in accordance with an aspect of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a graphic representation front view of at least a portion of an eye shield having a plurality of equally-sized, electrically-isolated heating material regions on a regular-shaped lens substrate and connected in parallel with a dc battery;
  • FIG. 3 is a graphic representation front view of an alternate embodiment of at least a portion of an eye shield having a plurality of equal-length, electrically-isolated heating material regions on an irregular-shaped lens substrate and connected in parallel with a dc battery;
  • FIG. 4 is a graphic representation front view of the alternate embodiment of FIG. 3, but wherein the power to the eye shield is controlled with a plurality of corresponding pulse-width modulated heater drivers;
  • FIG. 5 is a graphic representation front view of another alternate embodiment of at least a portion of an eye shield having a plurality of different-sized (in plan view), electrically-isolated heating material regions on an irregular-shaped lens substrate and connected in parallel with a dc battery via a single pulse width modulator using a single upper bus bar and a single lower bus bar;
  • FIG. 6a is a graphic representation front view of another alternate embodiment of at least a portion of an eye shield having a plurality of differently-sized (in plan view), electrically- isolated heating material regions on an irregular-shaped lens substrate and which may either have heating material regions of equal thickness or different thicknesses;
  • FIG. 6b is a graphic representation bottom view of the alternate embodiment of the portion of heated eye shield shown in FIG. 6a (assuming varied thickness heating element regions in FIG. 6a), wherein even heating across the plurality of electrically-isolated heating element regions on the lens substrate is assumed and accomplished by applying different thicknesses of the same transparent thin-film conductive material to the lens substrate;
  • FIG. 6c is a graphic representation bottom view of the alternate embodiment of the portion of the heated eye shield shown in FIG. 6a (assuming varied thickness heating element regions in FIG. 6a) wherein custom heating (i.e., cooler in the center and hotter at each end)across the plurality of electrically-isolated heating element regions on the lens substrate is assumed and accomplished by applying different thicknesses of the same transparent thin-film conductive material to the lens substrate;
  • FIG. 7a is a graphic representation front view of another alternate embodiment of at least a portion of an eye shield having a plurality of different-sized (in plan view), contiguous heating material regions on an irregular-shaped lens substrate and which may either have heating material regions of equal thickness or varied thickness;
  • FIG. 7b is a graphic representation bottom view of the alternate embodiment of the portion of heated eye shield shown in FIG. 7a (assuming varied thickness heating element regions in FIG. 7a), wherein even heating across the plurality of contiguous heating element regions on the lens substrate is assumed and accomplished by applying different thicknesses of the same transparent thin-film conductive material to the lens substrate;
  • FIG. 7c is a graphic representation bottom view of the alternate embodiment of the portion of the heated eye shield shown in FIG. 7a (assuming varied thickness heating element regions in FIG. 7a) wherein custom heating (i.e., cooler in the center and hotter at each end)across the plurality of contiguous heating element regions on the lens substrate is assumed and accomplished by applying different thicknesses of the same transparent thin-film conductive material to the lens substrate; and
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of another alternate embodiment of an eye shield having a plurality of electrically-isolated heating material regions on an irregular-shaped lens substrate and using a plurality of upper bus bars, and a single lower ground bus bar, for connecting each of the heating material regions with a multichannel circuit, as with a multichannel PWM- controlled goggle circuit.
  • a method 100 starting at origination location 102 for adapting an optically-transparent eye shield for use in an electrical circuit to prevent fogging of the eye shield while preventing hot spots on the eye shield comprises the following steps after starting at 102: selecting a nonconductive substrate at 104 defining an optically- transparent eye shield and an outer periphery of the eye shield; determining the power source voltage at 106, which is preferably a dc battery voltage source (e.g., 8.4 VDC which is the output of two 4.2 VDC, fully-charged, lithium-ion cells), but which may also be an output from a PWM driver; heating profile for defining a heating pattern within the outer periphery of the eye shield;
  • a dc battery voltage source e.g. 8.4 VDC which is the output of two 4.2 VDC, fully-charged, lithium-ion cells
  • a plurality of upper bus bars and a single bus bar may be used, as shown and further described below in connection with FIG. 8, or a single upper bus bar and single lower bus bar may be used, as shown and further described below in connection with FIG. 5.
  • heating material such as ITO
  • An additional step of the process for creating a heating lens in accordance with present invention may involve application of a nonconductive protective coating over the heating material to protect the heating material on the substrate.
  • a protective coating is secured to the heating material and the substrate to help ensure that the heating material will not be damaged, as with scratching, which could impair the functioning of the heating material on the eye shield substrate.
  • the eye shield substrate (e.g., 212 of FIG. 2, 312 of FIG. 3, 602 of FIG. 6a, 702 of FIG.7a, or 800 of FIG. 8) may be selected 104 from any of a number of materials, such as optically- transparent polycarbonate, other plastic, tempered glass, and the like, that are rigid enough to screen a user's eyes from such things as snowfall, rain, wind or other relatively small airborne particles in the user's environment.
  • the eye shield substrate e.g., 212 of FIG. 2, 312 of FIG. 3, 602 of FIG. 6a, 702 of FIG.7a, or 800 of FIG.
  • the eye shield is flexible enough to generally conform to the user's head and face with the eye shield preferably being retained in a semi-flexible frame that holds the eye shield around its periphery and also holds the eye shield, via the use of a conventional strap, an appropriate distance from the user's face so as to form an enclosed space around and in front of the user's eyes, the frame typically providing a semi-permeable seal between the user's face and the rest of the goggle.
  • Materials used for the various eye shields employed with the present invention should also be resistant to shattering, cracking or otherwise breaking as necessary for the particular purpose for which they are chosen and as is known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
  • the eye shield substrate (e.g., 212 of FIG. 2, 312 of FIG. 3, 602 of FIG. 6a, 702 of FIG.7a, or 800 of FIG. 8) will typically be selected 104 from a somewhat more rigid plastic, or glass, material, and in the case of a visor or medical full face eye shield the substrate would likewise be selected 104 of a somewhat more rigid plastic, or glass, material that is sufficiently light weight, but also sufficiently rigid to allow durable and repeated positioning of the eye shield in place to protect the user's eyes.
  • Selection 104 of the eye shield substrate will preferably be of a material that is smooth to the touch, both on its inner (posterior) surface and its outer (anterior) surface and which is adapted to form a bond with the selected heating material.
  • Eye shield substrate materials are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, and the selection of any type of optically-transparent eye shield substrate shall fall within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
  • the number of the plurality of regions and the size of each region on the substrate may, or may not, be made in accordance with a heating profile.
  • a heating profile could be simply a desire, thought or understanding on the part of the designer of the lens that even heating, to the degree feasible, across the lens substrate is desirable.
  • a heating profile may involve custom heating of an eye shield, as for example may be the case for a snowboarder as compared to a skier heating profile.
  • a more formal heating profile may be used where one or more parts of the eye shield are to be intentionally made warmer than other parts of the eye shield (e.g., where one side is warmer than another, or the edges are warmer than the middle of the eye shield), as opposed to simply even heating across the eye shield.
  • one side of the lens corresponding to the forward foot of the snowboarder may require more heat since the snowboarder typically stands more sideways while going down a hill.
  • a heating profile may include a more detailed written profile including one or more of defined lens heating material regions, identification of size and shape of lens heating material regions, desired regions of relative increased heating, or decreased heating, and identification or calculation of respective region power densities.
  • the heating profile may be very simple, even just understood, or more complex and even written.
  • a heating profile determines whether balanced, or even, heating is desired from one conductive region to the next across the eye shield, or whether a custom profile of full or proportional heating for each of the regions would be more desirable for a given eye shield configuration or purpose.
  • the invention may be used to produce both regular and more irregular- shaped eye shields that are evenly heated, or alternatively in accordance with a custom heating profile.
  • FIGS. 2 - 8 a progression, of less complex to more complex, of differing embodiments of the invention is shown to illustrate the many possible combinations of heating region sizes and shapes to accommodate differing sizes and shapes of substrates, differing methods of powering an eye shield (e.g., dc battery and PWM), differing formulation and thicknesses of heating materials, differing applications (e.g., electrically-isolated and contiguous), and increasingly refined subdivisions of substrate to generalized heating or specific multichannel PWM systems.
  • an eye shield e.g., dc battery and PWM
  • differing formulation and thicknesses of heating materials e.g., electrically-isolated and contiguous
  • applications e.g., electrically-isolated and contiguous
  • the power source is shown in the present invention as coming from the top of the lens, with bus bars above and beneath the lens, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art of electronics design that the power source may come from either side of the lens, or from the bottom of the lens, without departing from the true scope and spirit of the invention as claimed.
  • FIG. 2 there are shown three equally-sized, rectangular, electrically-isolated heating element regions A, B and C (214, 216, 218 respectively) on a regular (rectangular-shaped) eye shield 212, powered from the top with an 8.4 volt direct current (VDC) voltage source 202 via parallel circuitry 204, 206, 208, 210 and grounded at 226 from the bottom via parallel circuitry 220, 222, 224.
  • VDC direct current
  • Each of these regions A, B and C have identical heating element coatings, such as formulated with the same resistivity (e.g., all may employ 20-ohm per square resistivity formulation of heating material) transparent and electrically conductive thin film heaters, such as ITO, zinc indium oxides (ZIO), zinc tin oxides (ZTO) or double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNT).
  • transparent and electrically conductive thin film heaters such as ITO, zinc indium oxides (ZIO), zinc tin oxides (ZTO) or double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNT).
  • ITO indium oxides
  • ZIO zinc indium oxides
  • ZTO zinc tin oxides
  • DWNT double-walled carbon nanotubes
  • FIG. 2 illustrates that segmenting the heating element into multiple regions opens up the option of heating each region separately, as with separate batteries or with PWM channel controls per the Cornelius Patent Application, Serial No. 13/397,691, Publication No. US2013/0212765A1. Further, since even heating is not as difficult to achieve with thin-film heating elements on a rectangular or square substrate, FIG. 2 represents the simplest case for application of the invention of applying a plurality of heating elements to a single eye-shield substrate.
  • bus bars are shown in FIG. 2, illustrating the fact that, in accordance with the invention, the bus bars may either be on the eye shield lens 212 itself, or housed in a goggle frame (not shown), depending upon the desired configuration of the eye wear.
  • FIG. 3 there is introduced the added complexity over that shown in FIG. 2, of an irregularly-shaped substrate 312 requiring that the three electrically-isolated regions A, B, C (respectively 314, 316, 318) are not of equal height, but rather have been adjusted to fit the trapezoid-shaped substrate 312.
  • Such an embodiment without the invention, is of the type that would have begun to introduce uneven heating, because of an irregularly-shaped eye shield substrate 312, into an eye shield device.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 3 illustrates that the higher the H value of the heating element material A, B, C (314, 316, 318), the lower the power density Pd.
  • R resistivity per square
  • the shapes having a greater height i.e., region C, 318), where other factors (input voltage, heating material thickness and resistivity formulation of heating material) are equal, have a lower power density (e.g., at .200 watts per square) than other shapes having a shorter height (H).
  • the lower the power density of an area the cooler that area will operate given same voltage input.
  • shapes having lesser height i.e., shape A, 314), where other factors (such as input voltage, heating material thickness and resistivity of heating material) are equal, have a higher power density.
  • segmenting the areas and designing a power density profile in accordance with a desired profile, whether even heating across the substrate, or custom heating, is advantageous because a designer and manufacturer of eye shields may vary the formulation of heating material chosen, thickness of heating material applied, or height of a heating element in designing a lens according to desired parameters as shown and described later in connection with FIGS. 5 - 8.
  • the invention comprises a plurality of different embodiments of eye shields ranging from simple to more complex.
  • each of the formulations of the areas A, B, C (314, 316, 318, respectively) is assumed to be of the same resistivity formulation material (20-ohms per square at 800 angstroms thick), the same thickness and the same voltage applied. Nevertheless, because of different heights (H) of the heating element regions, uneven heating of the regions of the embodiment of FIG. 3 would occur without application of the invention.
  • H heights
  • FIG. 4 there is presented an embodiment of an eye shield and substrate 414 that is similar to that of FIG. 3.
  • a three-channel PWM circuit as shown in the Cornelius Patent Application, Serial No. 13/397,691, Publication No. US2013/0212765A1, comprising PWM-1 402, PWM-2 404, PWM-3 406 for driving the eye shield through independent connections 408, 410, 412 for heating regions A, B, C (416, 418, 420, respectively).
  • PWM-1 402 PWM-2 404
  • PWM-3 406 for driving the eye shield through independent connections 408, 410, 412 for heating regions A, B, C (416, 418, 420, respectively.
  • each region A, B, C is of the same resistivity per square, e.g., 20 ohms per square, but in this embodiment, the amount of power to each region can be controlled by limiting the PWM output therefore delivering less power to B, and even less power to A, until both of those regions have the same power density (Pd) as that of C, to provide an evenly heated eye shield.
  • Pd power density
  • an irregular-shaped substrate 506 for an eye shield having four electrically-isolated heating element regions A, B, C, D (510, 512, 514, 516, respectively) thereon and powered by a single-channel PWM (PWM-1) power source 502 via circuit wires 504 to a single upper bus bar 508 and a lower bus bar 518 to ground wires 520.
  • PWM-1 power source 502
  • circuit wires 504 to a single upper bus bar 508 and a lower bus bar 518 to ground wires 520.
  • an eye shield having even heating (i.e., equal power densities) across the entire lens.
  • This resistance per square outcome may be accomplished by selecting differing formulations of heating material for the different heating elements, or alternatively, this may be accomplished by applying heating material of equal resistivity formulation in differing thicknesses to the heating element regions in accordance with the calculations. Or, alternatively, there may be employed a combination of both methods of varying the resistivity. Finally, if custom heating is desired, this may be calculated and accomplished as further specified in connection with FIG. 6 below.
  • a single channel PWM may be used as shown to vary the input current to achieve desired levels of power densities for the entire eye shield. For example, if 50% power is desired evenly across the entire lens, then that may be accomplished with this embodiment of the invention by setting the single-channel PWM 502 to a 50% on 50% off setting. Thus, with this embodiment of the invention, multichannel PWM is not required to balance out the eye shield regions, since this has been accomplished directly with the construction of the eye shield and its heating elements.
  • the single channel PWM could simply be replaced with a single battery and an on/off switch for providing on/off of full power evenly across the entire lens with this embodiment of the invention.
  • an eye shield substrate 602 is provided with even more electrically-isolated heating element regions A - H provided than in previous embodiments to enhance the degree to which the eye shield may be controlled and further enhancing the degree to which even heating or custom heating may be accomplished across a still more irregularly-shaped eye shield.
  • an eye shield having eight heating element regions: A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H (604, 606, 608, 610, 612, 614, 616, 618, respectively) with size values as shown.
  • the resistivity of the heating element regions A - G of this embodiment of the invention have been normalized to provide even heating across the entire eye shield substrate 602 either by using different thicknesses of heating element material (e.g., ITO) applied to the substrate as shown in FIG. 6b at 620, 622, 624, 626, 628, 630, 632, 634, or by using different resistivity formulations of heating material applied to the substrate (e.g., 10-ohm per square at 800 angstroms thick ITO, 20-ohm per square at 800 angstroms thick ITO, etc.). Finally, a combination of these methods may be employed.
  • heating element material e.g., ITO
  • the resistivity of the heating element regions A - H of this embodiment may be customized as shown in FIG. 6c to provide greater heating on the inside of the eye shield (e.g., at regions C - F) and lesser heating on the outside of the eye shield (e.g., at regions A - B and G - H) - or according to some other custom profile. As shown in FIG. 6c, this is accomplished by changing the thickness of each region 636, 638, 640, 642, 644, 646, 648, 650, 652 of the eye shield to vary the resistivity of that portion of the eye shield.
  • the desired result may be achieved by varying the resistivity of different segments of the eye shield by varying the thickness, by choosing a different formulation of heating material, or by utilizing PWM heating channel technology as disclosed in the Cornelius Patent Application, Serial No.13/397,691,
  • the embodiment shown in FIG.6a comprising regions A - H may have normalized, or equalized, R values to balance power densities as described above using, for example, one or both of formulation selection and thickness application of heating material.
  • one advantage illustrated by the embodiment shown in FIG.6a is that if, for example, a multichannel PWM heating source were to be used to vary the power density of the regions, the PWM system wouldn't have to compensate for undesirable hot spots because the lens has already been normalized. This, in turn allows for a greater range of control of the entire lens by the PWM, since part of the degree of adjustment available will not have been lost in compensating for overheating areas of the eye shield.
  • the foregoing resistivity per square values are calculated for even heating across the entire substrate 602, and may be accomplished either by changing the effective voltage with PWM, or by changing the formulation or thickness of application of the heating material applied as described above. Further, it will be appreciated that the greater the specificity of regions, as for example shown and described in FIG. 8, the greater control over the lens that may be achieved and the greater the degree of evenness may be achieved across the entire lens.
  • FIGS. 7a - 7c there is provided part of an eye shield substrate 702 having a plurality of contiguous heating element regions A - H (704, 706, 708, 710, 712, 714, 716, 718, respectively).
  • the invention includes an embodiment such as that of FIG. 7a wherein a single upper bus bar 754, and a single lower bus bar 756, may be used to connect with this plurality of contiguous heating element regions.
  • FIG. 7b a balanced heating eye shield or screen is shown wherein, similarly to FIG. 6b, the even heating may be accomplished by one or a combination of varying the thickness of the heating material applied and selection of different formulations of heating material for different areas.
  • varying the thickness of the heating material for the present embodiment is preferable, since in this way a smoother transitioning of variation of resistivity across the lens may be achieved without banding.
  • FIG. 7b illustrates an evenly heating eye shield comprising regions 720, 722, 724, 726, 728, 730, 732, 734, wherein the inner regions 724, 726, 728, 730 are thicker than the outer regions 720, 722, 732, 734 to provide normalized heating across the entire substrate similarly to that described previously in connection with FIG. 6b.
  • the transitions between the contiguous segments or regions of heating material are smoother, less stair-stepped, allowing for less contrast between regions and thus smoother power density transitions between regions.
  • the power densities of the contiguous embodiment of the eye shield shown in FIG. 7b are continuously variable.
  • a customized heated eye shield having a plurality of contiguous heating elements 736, 738, 740, 742, 744, 746, 748, 750, 752 wherein, similarly to FIG. 6C, the custom heating profile provides for warmer segments in the middle areas 740, 742, 744, 746 and cooler regions in the outer areas 736, 738, 750, 752.
  • the power density transitions with this embodiment are less stair-stepped and more continuously variable across the eye shield, thus providing smoother power density transition between these contiguous regions.
  • the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 7c may be accomplished with a single power source, such as a single battery, or a single channel PWM, driving the single bus bars 754, 756.
  • FIGS. 6b, 6c, 7b and 7c are for illustrative purposes only. And while an attempt has been made to show relative differences in thickness of application of heating material to scale, it will nevertheless be appreciated that since these thickness are on the order of hundreds of angstroms thick, the drawings represent rough approximations of relative thickness of material, not actual to-scale representations.
  • FIG. 8 there is shown an eye shield substrate 800 that is divided into even more, that is twenty four, heating regions, regions 802, A - X, than previously-described embodiments.
  • each of these heating regions 802, A - X has been normalized as described above in that they either have even heating, or a desired custom profile.
  • This embodiment of the invention clearly shows that over the bridge of the nose, the regions are less high (that is, they have a lesser value of H), and thus they would traditionally be prone to overheating without the present invention.
  • multiple channels a - x such that multiple PWM channels may be used, as described in the Cornelius Patent Application, Serial No. 13/397,691, Publication No.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates the use of a plurality of bus bars, one for each channel to enable independent control of and power to each heating region 802, A - X, and a single ground bus bar 806.
  • different detailed profiles may be implemented all with the same eye shield as driven by a computer microprocessor contained within the goggle. Some examples of these profiles include a skier sunny-day profile, a snowboarder icing conditions profile, a rock climber raining conditions profile, rescue patrol profile, a snowmobiler profile and a dive mask profile, etc.

Abstract

Dispositif d'écran oculaire adapté à la prévention du brouillard en vue d'une utilisation dans des lunettes de ski, un masque de plongée, un écran facial médical ou pour essais, ou éléments semblables, tout en empêchant l'apparition de points de chaleur indésirables sur l'écran oculaire, et comprenant : un substrat optiquement transparent ; plusieurs régions conductrices définies sur le substrat et connectées à un circuit excité d'un ou de plusieurs canaux. Dans un premier mode de réalisation, les régions sur le substrat sont isolées électriquement les unes des autres et, dans un second mode de réalisation, les régions sur le substrat ne sont ni isolées électriquement ni contiguës avec des régions adjacentes sur le substrat. Les régions peuvent avoir des dimensions uniformes ou des formes et des dimensions variées entre une région et une région voisine. La résistivité par carré de matériau chauffant appliqué sur les régions peut être choisie en se basant sur la formulation du matériau chauffant et/ou sur l'épaisseur du matériau chauffant.
PCT/US2014/057887 2013-09-29 2014-09-26 Écran oculaire chauffé à régions multiples WO2015048564A1 (fr)

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KR1020167011247A KR20160066035A (ko) 2013-09-29 2014-09-26 멀티영역 가열되는 보안경
JP2016518132A JP2016539667A (ja) 2013-09-29 2014-09-26 多領域加熱される保護眼鏡
CA2925317A CA2925317A1 (fr) 2013-09-29 2014-09-26 Ecran oculaire chauffe a regions multiples
AU2014324661A AU2014324661A1 (en) 2013-09-29 2014-09-26 Multiregion heated eye shield
CN201480053542.3A CN105828651A (zh) 2013-09-29 2014-09-26 多区域加热的眼罩
EP14848178.1A EP3048919A4 (fr) 2013-09-29 2014-09-26 Écran oculaire chauffé à régions multiples

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US14/040,683 2013-09-29
US14/040,683 US9210737B2 (en) 2012-02-16 2013-09-29 Multiregion heated eye shield

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US9619201B2 (en) 2000-06-02 2017-04-11 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with detachable adjustable electronics module
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US9720260B2 (en) 2013-06-12 2017-08-01 Oakley, Inc. Modular heads-up display system
US9720258B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-08-01 Oakley, Inc. Electronic ornamentation for eyewear
US10222617B2 (en) 2004-12-22 2019-03-05 Oakley, Inc. Wearable electronically enabled interface system
WO2021203193A1 (fr) * 2020-04-06 2021-10-14 Vision Dfind Inc. Procédé, équation, conception et construction pour fournir un chauffage uniforme pour des dispositifs de chauffage façonnés ayant des conceptions de barre omnibus améliorées
WO2022171415A1 (fr) * 2021-02-09 2022-08-18 Uvex Arbeitsschutz Gmbh Verre de lunettes

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CN109392199A (zh) * 2017-08-14 2019-02-26 有几园生物科技股份有限公司 平面型远红外线照射器
JP6756356B2 (ja) * 2017-11-27 2020-09-16 大日本印刷株式会社 透明発熱体、カバー付き発熱体、センサ装置、移動体
CN108091778A (zh) * 2017-12-27 2018-05-29 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 喷墨打印膜层的干燥方法、加热装置及其制造方法
KR102041269B1 (ko) * 2019-05-20 2019-11-06 유한회사 대동 눈 보호구용 투명 발열체 및 그의 제조방법

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US9619201B2 (en) 2000-06-02 2017-04-11 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with detachable adjustable electronics module
US9451068B2 (en) 2001-06-21 2016-09-20 Oakley, Inc. Eyeglasses with electronic components
US10222617B2 (en) 2004-12-22 2019-03-05 Oakley, Inc. Wearable electronically enabled interface system
US10120646B2 (en) 2005-02-11 2018-11-06 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with detachable adjustable electronics module
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WO2021203193A1 (fr) * 2020-04-06 2021-10-14 Vision Dfind Inc. Procédé, équation, conception et construction pour fournir un chauffage uniforme pour des dispositifs de chauffage façonnés ayant des conceptions de barre omnibus améliorées
WO2022171415A1 (fr) * 2021-02-09 2022-08-18 Uvex Arbeitsschutz Gmbh Verre de lunettes

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JP2016539667A (ja) 2016-12-22
CN105828651A (zh) 2016-08-03
EP3048919A4 (fr) 2017-06-21
EP3048919A1 (fr) 2016-08-03
CA2925317A1 (fr) 2015-04-02
AU2014324661A1 (en) 2016-05-12
KR20160066035A (ko) 2016-06-09

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