WO2015043986A1 - Pesticide based on natural extracts - Google Patents

Pesticide based on natural extracts Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015043986A1
WO2015043986A1 PCT/EP2014/069557 EP2014069557W WO2015043986A1 WO 2015043986 A1 WO2015043986 A1 WO 2015043986A1 EP 2014069557 W EP2014069557 W EP 2014069557W WO 2015043986 A1 WO2015043986 A1 WO 2015043986A1
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pesticide
pesticide according
previous
ranging
alkyl
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PCT/EP2014/069557
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French (fr)
Inventor
Modesto Giberti
Luca PERINI
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Chemia S.P.A.
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Publication of WO2015043986A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015043986A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
    • A01N31/08—Oxygen or sulfur directly attached to an aromatic ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/54—1,3-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N53/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing cyclopropane carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
    • A01N57/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
    • A01N57/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing heterocyclic radicals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/20—Fabaceae or Leguminosae [Pea or Legume family], e.g. pea, lentil, soybean, clover, acacia, honey locust, derris or millettia
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns parasite control such as insects, acarus, aphids, termites, nematodes and viruses in agriculture field and domestic and civil disinfestation and in particular relates to a pesticide based on natural extracts.
  • BACKGROUND Document US2005/158403A1 discloses a composition comprising extracts derived from different plants: Gleditisia Sinensis, Sophora flavescens, Aloe vera, Stemona tuberose, Brucea jauamica and Discorea collettis.
  • the main object of the present invention is to propose a pesticide based on natural extracts to be used on plants, soil, wood, seeds and both in domestic and civil usage as insecticide, acaricide, aphicide, ovicidal, nematicide, termicide and antivirus of plants having a high control action over weeds and low environmental impact and non-toxic towards humans, environment and useful insects such as bees.
  • the pesticide based on natural extracts of the present invention includes Thymol, a Matrine alkaloid and one of the following molecules: Carvacrol, Oxymatrine, Sophocarpine, N- oxysophocarpine, Cytisine, Aloperine, Carangina and Toosedanina.
  • the pesticide also includes one or more molecules chosen among: pyrethrum extract, Anabsina, Nicotine, Ricinine, Harmaline, Stellerin, Euphol, Triptonide, Tripdiolide, Anabasine, Capsicin, Azadirachtin, Del Celastrus Angulatus, Berberine, Osthole, Veratrine, Carangina, Toosedanina, Annona squamosa, Ecdysone, Stemonine, Allicin, Reynoutria and Sarmentine in a concentration ranging between 0,1% and 10% weight/weight.
  • the pesticide comprises a nonionic surface-active agent chosen among polyoxyethylated alkylphenols, dioctylsulphosuccinates, alkylphenols, sorbitan polyoxyethylated monoesters, sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyethylated fats or aryl-alkyl alcohols, fatty and esters acids of fatty acid.
  • a nonionic surface-active agent chosen among polyoxyethylated alkylphenols, dioctylsulphosuccinates, alkylphenols, sorbitan polyoxyethylated monoesters, sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyethylated fats or aryl-alkyl alcohols, fatty and esters acids of fatty acid.
  • the pesticide comprises an anionic emulsifier chosen among alkyl sulphonates, alkyl aryl and aryl sulfates, phosphates, amine salts of alkyl phosphates, sulphosuccinates, polycarboxylates.
  • anionic emulsifier chosen among alkyl sulphonates, alkyl aryl and aryl sulfates, phosphates, amine salts of alkyl phosphates, sulphosuccinates, polycarboxylates.
  • the pesticide comprises a cationic emulsifier chosen among quaternary ammonium salts and primary secondary and tertiary amine salts, amphoteric emulsifiers in their zwitterionic or mono ionic forms.
  • the pesticide may also comprise at least a solvent among: water, vegetable oils, mineral oils, esterified vegetable oils, glycols of each type, alcohols of each type, naphtha, xylenes, butanol, pentane, hexane, kerosene, diesel, DMSO.
  • the pesticide may include aggregates such as sands, clays, silicas, sepiolites, carbonates, gypsums, kaolins, flours obtained by grinding cereals or of any part of plants.
  • the pesticide comprises acidifying agents, basifying agents, pH adjusters, antioxidant agents, bactericidal agents, anti- fermentation agents or similar.
  • the molecules used in the preparation of pesticide are natural extracts of the corresponding plants.
  • the pesticide can be in liquid, solid or aeriform form.
  • the pesticide is in a liquid form the substances are dissolved in water or in an organic solvent or dispersed and/or in suspension in any suitable liquid medium.
  • the pesticide is of solid form, it is on form of wettable or dry powder, granular material, possibly also hydrospersible, pellets or baits.
  • the pesticide may be on aerosols form or formulated for the use as fumigant.
  • the pesticide based on natural extracts includes:
  • the pesticide includes the following coformulants:
  • the raw materials and quantities for preparing lOOKg of pesticide are:
  • Thymol essential oil natural extract containing at least 41,5% by weight of thymol and carvacrol 4%;
  • a second formulation the pesticide differs from the first formulation (Fl) since it includes:
  • the method for obtaining the second pesticide formulation (F2) is the same as described for the first formulation (Fl).
  • a third formulation (F3) the pesticide differs from the first formulation (Fl) as it includes:
  • the method for obtaining the third formulation (F3) of the pesticide is the same as described for the first formulation (Fl).
  • the pesticide according to the first formulation (Fl) was tested against Psylla pyri on pear tree in full field and compared with other 2 treatments performed in parallel on the same weed through a series of tests conducted in June 2012 in a farm in Northern Italy.
  • the solution containing the pesticide was applied using a pumping engine with tank capacity of 25 liters operating at a pressure of 3 bar with conical nozzles and distributing approximately 1.000 liters of solution per hectare.
  • the following table 1 shows the comparison between the pesticide according to the first formulation (Fl), with a dilution equal to lOOml/1001, a solution based on Cypermetrina at 5% EC, with dilution equal to 200ml/1001, and a solution containing Abamectin 1,8% EC, with dilution equal to 75 ml/1001, and white mineral oil 80% EW, with dilution equal to 0,5% by volume.
  • the solution containing the pesticide was applied using a pumping engine with tank capacity of 25 liters operating at a pressure of 3 bar with conical nozzles and distributing approximately 1.5001 of solution per hectare.
  • the following table 2 shows the comparison between the pesticide according to the first formulation (Fl), with dilution equal to lOOml/1001, a solution based on Cypermetrina at 5% EC, with dilution equal to lOOml/1001, and a solution of Fenazaquin based on 200 g/1, with dilution equal to 75 ml/1001.
  • the pesticide according to the first formulation (Fl) was tested on vine in full field for the control of the Lobesia Botrana during the phase of insect second flight through a test series carried out in July 2012 in a Northern Italy farm.
  • the solution containing pesticide was applied using a pumping engine with tank capacity of 25 liters operating at a pressure of 3 bar with conical nozzles and distributing approximately 1.0001 of solution per hectare.
  • the following table 3 shows the comparison between the pesticide according to the first formulation (Fl), with a dilution equal to lOOml/1001, a solution based on Chlorpyrifos Etyhl at 75% WG, with dilution equal to 70g/1001.
  • the pesticide according to the first formulation (Fl) was tested in full field on apple tree against Dysaphis plantaginea through a test series carried out on May 2012 in a Northern Italy farm.
  • the solution containing the pesticide was applied using a pump engine with tank capacity of 25 liters operating at a pressure of 3 bar with conical nozzles and distributing approximately 1.0001 of solution per hectare.
  • the following table 4 shows the comparison between the pesticide according to the first formulation (Fl), with a dilution equal to 100ml/ 1001, a solution based on Cypermetrina at 5% EC, with dilution equal to lOOml/1001, and a solution of Deltamethrin, with dilution equal to 75 ml/1001.
  • the pesticide according to the first formulation (Fl) showed a high efficacy aphicide comparable to conventional synthesis aphicides.
  • the pesticide according to the present invention does not have problems of "residues" compared to the classic organic synthesis pesticides/insecticides widely used nowadays as terpenes and alkaloids are natural ingredients derived from plants and, when they are applied to crops, lands and environments infected by parasites, these can be easily degraded by microorganisms naturally lying in the soil (biodegradation), or easily decomposed when exposed to water (hydrolysis process) and to air (oxidation process).
  • many synthesis organic insecticides are resistant to biodegradation and decomposition by environmental elements. As a result, these chemical products remain in the environment for a long time after the application and are a danger for human health and environment pollution.
  • terpenes and plant alkaloids composing the formulations of the present invention are com osed o f four essential elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, without the presence of heavy metals or halogens, and are easily degraded into carbon dioxide and water by microorganisms in soil.
  • the pesticide object of the present invention can be advantageously used in agriculture, fruit farming, viticulture, horticulture, forestry, aquaculture, greenhouse crops, in open field and in greenhouses, nurseries, gardening and hobby or for domestic, civil and zootechnicai use.
  • the pesticide object of the present invention includes a composition of terpenes and alkaloids that, beside protecting the plant from parasites killing insects, acari, aphids, mushrooms and viruses keeping under control their development, it does not stimulate the development of parasites natural resistance against conventional synthesis organic i nsectic ides acaricides, aph ic ides, as it is a natural mixture of different molecules with different chemical structures acting with different way such as contact and ingestion.
  • the particular composition of the pesticide does not present problems of "residues" compared to the conventional synthesis organic pesticides/insecticides as terpenes and alkaloids are natural substances derived from plants, so they are degradable by microorganisms naturally present in the soil (biodegradation), or easily decomposed when exposed to water (hydrolysis process) and air (oxidation process).
  • the main advantage of the present invention is to provide a pesticide based on natural extracts to be used on plants, in soil, in wood, in seed and both domestic and civil use as insecticide, acaricide, aphicide, ovicidai, fungicidal, termicide and antivirus of plants having a high control action over parasites and a low environmental impact and non-toxic towards humans, environment and useful insects such as bees.

Abstract

Pesticide made from natural extracts including Thymol, an alkaloid Matrine, Carvacrol and at least one molecule chosen from Ossimatrine, Sophocarpine, N-oxysophocarpine, Cytisine, Aloperine, Carangine and Toosedanin. Said pesticide is particularly suitable for use in agriculture, gardening, hobbies, veterinary, for wood protection, domestic and civil environment, open or closed public places against the harmful effects of insects, mites, aphids, nematodes and virus diseases of plants.

Description

PESTICIDE BASED ON NATURAL EXTRACTS
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention concerns parasite control such as insects, acarus, aphids, termites, nematodes and viruses in agriculture field and domestic and civil disinfestation and in particular relates to a pesticide based on natural extracts.
There are known both natural pesticides based on plants and herbs extracts, such as alkaloids and pyrethroids, and synthesis organic insecticides, which have modest efficacy, high environmental impact and high toxicity towards user and useful insects such as bees.
BACKGROUND Document US2005/158403A1 discloses a composition comprising extracts derived from different plants: Gleditisia Sinensis, Sophora flavescens, Aloe vera, Stemona tuberose, Brucea jauamica and Discorea collettis.
DISCLOSURE The main object of the present invention is to propose a pesticide based on natural extracts to be used on plants, soil, wood, seeds and both in domestic and civil usage as insecticide, acaricide, aphicide, ovicidal, nematicide, termicide and antivirus of plants having a high control action over weeds and low environmental impact and non-toxic towards humans, environment and useful insects such as bees.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The pesticide based on natural extracts of the present invention includes Thymol, a Matrine alkaloid and one of the following molecules: Carvacrol, Oxymatrine, Sophocarpine, N- oxysophocarpine, Cytisine, Aloperine, Carangina and Toosedanina.
In addition, the pesticide also includes one or more molecules chosen among: pyrethrum extract, Anabsina, Nicotine, Ricinine, Harmaline, Stellerin, Euphol, Triptonide, Tripdiolide, Anabasine, Capsicin, Azadirachtin, Del Celastrus Angulatus, Berberine, Osthole, Veratrine, Carangina, Toosedanina, Annona squamosa, Ecdysone, Stemonine, Allicin, Reynoutria and Sarmentine in a concentration ranging between 0,1% and 10% weight/weight.
The pesticide comprises a nonionic surface-active agent chosen among polyoxyethylated alkylphenols, dioctylsulphosuccinates, alkylphenols, sorbitan polyoxyethylated monoesters, sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyethylated fats or aryl-alkyl alcohols, fatty and esters acids of fatty acid.
The pesticide comprises an anionic emulsifier chosen among alkyl sulphonates, alkyl aryl and aryl sulfates, phosphates, amine salts of alkyl phosphates, sulphosuccinates, polycarboxylates.
The pesticide comprises a cationic emulsifier chosen among quaternary ammonium salts and primary secondary and tertiary amine salts, amphoteric emulsifiers in their zwitterionic or mono ionic forms.
The pesticide may also comprise at least a solvent among: water, vegetable oils, mineral oils, esterified vegetable oils, glycols of each type, alcohols of each type, naphtha, xylenes, butanol, pentane, hexane, kerosene, diesel, DMSO.
The pesticide may include aggregates such as sands, clays, silicas, sepiolites, carbonates, gypsums, kaolins, flours obtained by grinding cereals or of any part of plants. To improve the chemical stability of the formulated, the pesticide comprises acidifying agents, basifying agents, pH adjusters, antioxidant agents, bactericidal agents, anti- fermentation agents or similar.
The molecules used in the preparation of pesticide are natural extracts of the corresponding plants.
Alternatively it is possible to use the same molecules obtained synthetically. Depending on the specific user exigencies the pesticide can be in liquid, solid or aeriform form.
In particular, if the pesticide is in a liquid form the substances are dissolved in water or in an organic solvent or dispersed and/or in suspension in any suitable liquid medium.
If the pesticide is of solid form, it is on form of wettable or dry powder, granular material, possibly also hydrospersible, pellets or baits.
Alternatively the pesticide may be on aerosols form or formulated for the use as fumigant.
According to a first formulation (Fl), the pesticide based on natural extracts includes:
- Thymol of about 5% by weight,
- Matrine of about 1% by weight;
- Carvacrol of about 0,5% by weight.
In addition, the pesticide includes the following coformulants:
- Hexylene glycol of about 25% by weight;
- Dioctyl sulfo succinate sodium of about 9% by weight;
- Water as needed to reach 100%.
The raw materials and quantities for preparing lOOKg of pesticide are:
- 12,lKg of Thymol essential oil natural extract containing at least 41,5% by weight of thymol and carvacrol 4%;
- 1,1kg of extract of Sophora fiavescens Ait. or Sophora Alopecuroides L. containing 90% of Matrine and a variable percentage of alkaloids such as Ossimatrine, Sophocarpine, N-oxysophocarpine, Cytisine, Aloperine to reach 100%;
- 25kg of industrial grade pure hexylene glycol;
- 9 g of dioctyl sulfo succinate sodium salt pure at 70% minimum;
- 51kg of demineralized water;
- 1,5kg of citric acid monohydrate; - 0, 1kg of sodium benzoate. or preparing this first formulation, the following steps are so performed:
- introducing about 45 g of demineralized water in a first steel reactor equipped with a "sleeve" with heating system and mechanical stirrer;
- keeping the reactor under stirring, introducing 1,1 kg of Sophora extract containing the Matrine and the other alkaloids;
- heating the mixture up to a maximum temperature of 40°C;
- afterwards adding citric acid to adjust the acidity of the composition up to a value of about pH 6;
- mixing 12,l g of thyme essential oil and 25Kg of hexylene glycol in a second reactor equipped with a mechanical stirring system;
- when in the first reactor the solution is clear and stable at a pH of about 6 adding the solution of the second reactor containing the Thymol essential oil and the glycol;
- afterwards adding 9Kg of dioctyl sulfo succinate sodic salt as an emulsifier;
- stirring the so obtained solution for at least 60 minutes maintaining the temperature between 35°C and 40°C;
- monitoring, and possibly changing, the pH adding citric acid up to obtain an optimum pH value between 4 and 6;
- adding 0,1kg of sodic Benzoate as a preservative, and 6 kg of water;
- interrupting the mixture heating and maintaining the reactor under stirring until the pesticide cooling at room temperature.
In a second formulation (F2) the pesticide differs from the first formulation (Fl) since it includes:
- Thymol of about 10% by weight;
- Matrine of about 2% by weight;
- Carvacrol of 1 ,5% by weight; and
- Ossimatrine of about 0,5% by weight.
The method for obtaining the second pesticide formulation (F2) is the same as described for the first formulation (Fl). In a third formulation (F3) the pesticide differs from the first formulation (Fl) as it includes:
- Thymol of about 15% by weight;
- Matrine of about 2,5% by weight;
- Carvacrol of about 3% by weight; and
- Ossimatrine of about 0,7% by weight.
The method for obtaining the third formulation (F3) of the pesticide is the same as described for the first formulation (Fl).
The effectiveness of the pesticide object of the present invention was verified by a series of experimental tests described below in detail.
First experimental test
The pesticide according to the first formulation (Fl) was tested against Psylla pyri on pear tree in full field and compared with other 2 treatments performed in parallel on the same weed through a series of tests conducted in June 2012 in a farm in Northern Italy.
The solution containing the pesticide was applied using a pumping engine with tank capacity of 25 liters operating at a pressure of 3 bar with conical nozzles and distributing approximately 1.000 liters of solution per hectare.
The following table 1 shows the comparison between the pesticide according to the first formulation (Fl), with a dilution equal to lOOml/1001, a solution based on Cypermetrina at 5% EC, with dilution equal to 200ml/1001, and a solution containing Abamectin 1,8% EC, with dilution equal to 75 ml/1001, and white mineral oil 80% EW, with dilution equal to 0,5% by volume.
Figure imgf000006_0001
Reference sample 57 16 47 17 26 53 9 63 81
Pesticide Fl 54 16 27 20 14 8 6 4 6 33,3 93,7 92,6 73,2
Cypermethrin 57 16 12 18 10 8 8 7 11 11,1 88,9 86,4 62,1
Abamectin + Min. Oil. 55 10 8 6 8 7 1 1 5 88,9 98,4 93,8 93,7
During the tests, climatic conditions, that were found to be in agreement with the seasonal average, were monitored. The measured data have shown a comparable or superior effectiveness, to the conventional synthetic pesticides.
Second experimental test The pesticide according to the first formulation (Fl) was tested against the Tetranychus urticae acarus and Tetranychus ulmi acarus on apple tree through a series of tests performed in August 2012 in a farm in the Northern Italy.
The solution containing the pesticide was applied using a pumping engine with tank capacity of 25 liters operating at a pressure of 3 bar with conical nozzles and distributing approximately 1.5001 of solution per hectare.
The following table 2 shows the comparison between the pesticide according to the first formulation (Fl), with dilution equal to lOOml/1001, a solution based on Cypermetrina at 5% EC, with dilution equal to lOOml/1001, and a solution of Fenazaquin based on 200 g/1, with dilution equal to 75 ml/1001.
Figure imgf000007_0001
Cypermethrin 58 31 7 34 17 5 55,8 81,1 98,2 78,4
Fenazaquin 18 10 8 8 7 9 89,6 92,2 96,8 92,9
As shown in table 2, it was noted that the pesticide according to the first formulation (Fl) showed a high acaricidal efficacy, superior to conventional synthesis acaricides. Third experimental test
The pesticide according to the first formulation (Fl) was tested on vine in full field for the control of the Lobesia Botrana during the phase of insect second flight through a test series carried out in July 2012 in a Northern Italy farm.
The solution containing pesticide was applied using a pumping engine with tank capacity of 25 liters operating at a pressure of 3 bar with conical nozzles and distributing approximately 1.0001 of solution per hectare. The following table 3 shows the comparison between the pesticide according to the first formulation (Fl), with a dilution equal to lOOml/1001, a solution based on Chlorpyrifos Etyhl at 75% WG, with dilution equal to 70g/1001.
Figure imgf000008_0001
As shown in Table 3, it was noted that the pesticide according to the first formulation (Fl) has shown sufficient results to control the parasite. Fourth experimental evidence
The pesticide according to the first formulation (Fl) was tested in full field on apple tree against Dysaphis plantaginea through a test series carried out on May 2012 in a Northern Italy farm.
The solution containing the pesticide was applied using a pump engine with tank capacity of 25 liters operating at a pressure of 3 bar with conical nozzles and distributing approximately 1.0001 of solution per hectare.
The following table 4 shows the comparison between the pesticide according to the first formulation (Fl), with a dilution equal to 100ml/ 1001, a solution based on Cypermetrina at 5% EC, with dilution equal to lOOml/1001, and a solution of Deltamethrin, with dilution equal to 75 ml/1001.
Figure imgf000009_0001
As shown in table 4, it was noted that the pesticide according to the first formulation (Fl) showed a high efficacy aphicide comparable to conventional synthesis aphicides. Advantageously, the pesticide according to the present invention does not have problems of "residues" compared to the classic organic synthesis pesticides/insecticides widely used nowadays as terpenes and alkaloids are natural ingredients derived from plants and, when they are applied to crops, lands and environments infected by parasites, these can be easily degraded by microorganisms naturally lying in the soil (biodegradation), or easily decomposed when exposed to water (hydrolysis process) and to air (oxidation process). Conversely, many synthesis organic insecticides are resistant to biodegradation and decomposition by environmental elements. As a result, these chemical products remain in the environment for a long time after the application and are a danger for human health and environment pollution.
On the contrary terpenes and plant alkaloids composing the formulations of the present invention are com osed o f four essential elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, without the presence of heavy metals or halogens, and are easily degraded into carbon dioxide and water by microorganisms in soil.
The pesticide object of the present invention can be advantageously used in agriculture, fruit farming, viticulture, horticulture, forestry, aquaculture, greenhouse crops, in open field and in greenhouses, nurseries, gardening and hobby or for domestic, civil and zootechnicai use.
Advantageously, the pesticide object of the present invention includes a composition of terpenes and alkaloids that, beside protecting the plant from parasites killing insects, acari, aphids, mushrooms and viruses keeping under control their development, it does not stimulate the development of parasites natural resistance against conventional synthesis organic i nsectic ides acaricides, aph ic ides, as it is a natural mixture of different molecules with different chemical structures acting with different way such as contact and ingestion.
Furthermore, the particular composition of the pesticide does not present problems of "residues" compared to the conventional synthesis organic pesticides/insecticides as terpenes and alkaloids are natural substances derived from plants, so they are degradable by microorganisms naturally present in the soil (biodegradation), or easily decomposed when exposed to water (hydrolysis process) and air (oxidation process).
The main advantage of the present invention is to provide a pesticide based on natural extracts to be used on plants, in soil, in wood, in seed and both domestic and civil use as insecticide, acaricide, aphicide, ovicidai, fungicidal, termicide and antivirus of plants having a high control action over parasites and a low environmental impact and non-toxic towards humans, environment and useful insects such as bees.

Claims

Pesticide based on natural extracts characterized by comprising: Thymol, an alkaloid Matrine and Carvacrol with the following concentrations in weight:
- Thymol ranging between 0, 1 % and 20%;
- Matrine alkaloid ranging between 0,1% and 5%;
- Carvacrol ranging between 0,1% and 10%.
Pesticide according to claim 1 characterized by providing furthermore at least one among Ossimatrine, Sophocarpine, N-Oxysophocarpine, Cytisine, Aloperine, Carangina, Toosedanina.
Pesticide according to any of the previous claims characterized in that comprises at least one of the following molecules: Pyrethrum extract, Anabsina, Nicotine, icinine, Harmaline, Stellerin, Euphol, Triptonide, Tripdiolide, Anabasine, Capsaicin, Azadirachtin, Del Celastrus Angulatus, Berberine, Osthole, Veratrine, Carangina, Toosedanina, Annona Squamosa, Ecdysone, Stemonine, Allicine, Reynoutria, Sarmentine and in that said at least one molecule has a concentration ranging between 0,1% and 10% in weight.
4) Pesticide according to any of the previous claims characterized in that the molecules are natural extracts from the corresponding plants or are synthetically obtained products.
5) Pesticide according to any of the previous claims characterized by being in a liquid form where the substances are dissolved in water, in an organic solvent or dispersed and/or suspended in any liquid medium.
6) Pesticide according to any of claims 1 to 4 characterized by being in solid form, in the form of wettable powders, dry powders, granules, water dispersible granules, pellets and baits. Pesticide according to any of claims 1 to 4 characterized by being in the form of aerosol or formulated for use as a fumigant.
Pesticide according to any of the previous claims characterized by comprising at least one solvent chosen among: water, vegetable oils, mineral oils, esterifted vegetable oils, glycols, alcohols, naphtha, xylenes, butanol, pentane, hexane, kerosene, diesel oil, DMSO.
Pesticide according to any of the previous claims characterized by comprising aggregates such as sands, clays, silicas, sepiolite, carbonates, gypsums, kaolins, flours obtained by grinding cereals or any part of plant.
Pesticide according to any of the previous claims characterized by comprising at least one among:
- non-ionic surfactants such as alkylphenols, polyoxyethylated, dioctyl sulphosuccinates, alkylphenols, monoesters, sorbitan polyoxyethylated, sorbitan monooleates, polyoxyethylated fats, or aryl-alkyl alcohols, fatty acids and fatty acid esters;
- anionic emulsifiers such as alkyl sulfonates, alkyl-aryl and aryl sulfates, phosphates, amine salts of alkyl phosphates, sulfosuccinates, polycarboxylates;
- cationic emulsifiers such as quaternary ammonium salts and primary, secondary and tertiary amine salts, emulsifiers amphoteric in their zwitterionic or mono ionic forms.
Pesticide according to any of the previous claims characterized by comprising acidifying, basifying, pH adjusters, antioxidants, bactericides, anti- fermenting agents designate to ensure chemical and physical stability of the formulation.
PCT/EP2014/069557 2013-09-26 2014-09-12 Pesticide based on natural extracts WO2015043986A1 (en)

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CN105724460A (en) * 2016-03-24 2016-07-06 丁文贵 Insecticide capable of preventing and treating aphids and mites and preparation method of insecticide
CN106900757A (en) * 2017-04-11 2017-06-30 四川农业大学 A kind of Pesticidal combination of the bitter pueraria root extract for preventing and treating agricultural pests and Osthole and application thereof
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CN105724460A (en) * 2016-03-24 2016-07-06 丁文贵 Insecticide capable of preventing and treating aphids and mites and preparation method of insecticide
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CN107087629A (en) * 2017-05-17 2017-08-25 广西南宁益土生物科技有限责任公司 A kind of Pesticidal combination containing Bifenazate and matrine
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CN109221274A (en) * 2018-10-25 2019-01-18 桂阳金盾南方苹果有限公司 A kind of apple tree insecticide and preparation method thereof
CN114946847A (en) * 2021-02-27 2022-08-30 青岛奥迪斯生物科技有限公司 Botanical insecticidal composition and application thereof
CN114946847B (en) * 2021-02-27 2023-08-29 青岛奥迪斯生物科技有限公司 Botanical insecticidal composition and application thereof
CN113785850A (en) * 2021-11-04 2021-12-14 河南智氏中草药有限公司 Biological source pesticide for resisting fruit tree diseases and insect pests and preparation method thereof
CN116686848A (en) * 2023-07-31 2023-09-05 山东浏园生态农业股份有限公司 Pesticide preparation for tea plant diseases and application thereof
CN116686848B (en) * 2023-07-31 2023-10-10 山东浏园生态农业股份有限公司 Pesticide preparation for tea plant diseases and application thereof

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