WO2015043402A2

WO2015043402A2 - Spark plug

Info

Publication number: WO2015043402A2
Application number: PCT/CN2014/086716
Authority: WO
Inventors: 伯曼科·奥力克桑德尔
Original assignee: 刘全
Priority date: 2013-09-24
Filing date: 2014-09-17
Publication date: 2015-04-02
Also published as: CN104124612A; CN104124612B; WO2015043402A3

Abstract

A spark plug (200) comprising an outer housing (201), an insulator (202) and a core electrode (203). A hollow cavity (204) is arranged inside the outer housing (201), the insulator (202) is fixed within the lower portion of said cavity (204), and the core electrode (203) is enclosed within said insulator (202); the upper portion of the core electrode (203) extends bare beyond the insulator (202) into the hollow cavity (204) inside the outer housing (201). A negative-electrode sparking unit (205) is arranged above the core electrode (203) and is fixed to the walls of the cavity (204) within the outer housing (201); gas exhaust holes (208) penetrate longitudinally through the negative-electrode sparking unit (205). The smallest distance between the core electrode (203) and the walls of the cavity (204) is greater than the smallest distance between the core electrode (203) and the negative-electrode sparking unit (205). The present spark plug effectively reduces the impact current spark plugs may cause upon vehicle computer systems due to rapid, whole combustion during the ignition cycle, while also achieving fuel economies, increased power and significant reductions in tail gas exhausts.

Description

Spark plug

Technical field

The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine of an automobile, and more particularly to a spark plug.

Background technique

It is well known to use spark plugs to ignite the air and fuel mixture in the combustion chamber of a spark-ignition engine.

The performance of the spark plug can directly affect the performance of the engine; if the spark plug improperly ignites the air and fuel mixture located in the combustion chamber, there will be at least a portion of the unburned fuel, resulting in power loss, reduced fuel efficiency and increased Hydrocarbon emissions.

In order to solve the problem of incorrect ignition, Chinese Patent No. 201180045087.9 discloses a spark plug (see FIG. 1 and FIG. 2), the use of the spark plug can significantly enhance the power of the vehicle, and the enhanced power is about 10% or more, which can reduce exhaust emissions. When the amount is nearly 50% or more, the fuel economy of the spark plug can be achieved by about 10% or more. The spark plug includes an insulator 120, a center electrode, a casing, and a cavity; and the insulator 120 is made of a material having a high thermal conductivity, that is, a porcelain. Insulator 120 incorporates ribs 131 and terminates in insulator tip 126 (as shown in Figure 2); insulator tip 126 is tapered and made of a material that provides high thermal conductivity, i.e., a sintered alumina ceramic material. The central electrode 130 extends through the insulator 120 and the insulator tip 126 to terminate in the protruding firing end 136. The central electrode 130 is: metal, that is, a nickel alloy including copper and chromium; elongated; and cylindrical. The spark plug 100 has a steel outer casing 150; the outer casing 150 has a hexagonal end 156 disposed about the insulator 120 and a ground electrode end 160 provided with a threaded portion 168; the hexagonal end portion 156 is adapted to be driven by a socket wrench in a conventional manner. The ground electrode end 160 of the outer casing 150 is adapted to engage the engine block in a conventional manner by the threaded portion 168. The outer casing 150 defines a cavity 166; defines a frustoconical cavity opening 176 that couples the cavity 166 with the piston chamber in use; defines a conduit 186 that extends from the cavity 166 and extends the firing end 136 to The chamber 186 is defined within the conduit 186; and in conjunction with the insulator tip 126, the chamber 190 surrounds the insulator tip 126 and is coupled to the cavity 166 by a conduit 186. The cavity 166 is bounded by a cylindrical inner wall 170 and a concave base wall 174, wherein the cylindrical inner wall 170 extends from the cavity opening 176, recessed into the base wall 174 on the inner wall 170 Extending between the conduit 186. The chamber 190 includes a generally cylindrical portion that surrounds the electrode 130 and is coaxial with the electrode 130 and a frustoconical portion that extends between the cylindrical portion and the conduit 186 such that the outer casing 150 defines a circumference around the conduit 186 and extends toward the conduit 186. Out of the annular projection 180, the annular projection 180 terminates in spaced relationship with the firing end 136 of the central electrode 130 to define an annular gap 188; it is believed that in use, the annular projection 180 is grounded to a conventional spark plug The electrodes function in a similar manner and the fuel-air mixture is compressed into the cavity 166, the chamber 190 and the conduit 186 and combusted in the cavity 166, the chamber 190 and the conduit 186.

FIG. 3 shows another exemplary embodiment. The figure shows a spark plug 100' that is substantially identical in construction to the spark plug 100 of Figure 2 except that a modified cavity opening 176' defined by an annular lip 177' is provided, the cavity opening 176' The passageway toward the cavity 166' is partially blocked such that the inlet area of the cavity opening 176' is 60% of the cross-sectional area of the cavity 166' [R1: R2 ≈ 13: 19]. The frustoconical outer surface 179 of the modified outer casing 150' intersects the cavity opening 176' in a bladed manner.

The above-mentioned spark plug has the following disadvantages: 1) the distance between the ignition end portion 136 and the tip end of the annular projection portion 180 is used as the electrode ignition distance, that is, the gap will be utilized as the negative electrode firing unit of the spark plug, so the gap needs to satisfy the well-known hit. The range of fire distance, the actual set distance is usually 0.9-1.1 mm. 2) The fuel-air mixture is compressed into the cavity 166, the chamber 190, and the conduit 186, and is rapidly and fully fully combusted in the cavity 166, chamber 190, and conduit 186; due to the firing tip 136 and the end of the annular projection 180 The gap is too small, so that the instantaneous pressure of the chamber 190 may be greater than the maximum pressure set by the automobile computer system, and the impact on the automobile computer system may occur, even seriously affecting normal driving.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a spark plug. The spark plug does not generate an instantaneous pressure in the cavity that is greater than the maximum pressure set by the automobile computer system, and does not cause an impact on the automobile computer system, thereby affecting the problem of normal driving of the automobile.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A spark plug includes a spark plug housing, an insulator and a central electrode; a cavity is disposed in the spark plug housing, the insulator is fixed in an inner lower portion of the hollow cavity, the central electrode is covered in an insulator, and the central electrode is on top Extending through the insulator exposed in the hollow cavity of the spark plug housing; a negative ignition unit is disposed above the central electrode, the negative ignition unit is fixed on the hollow cavity wall of the spark plug housing, and the negative ignition unit is provided with a vent hole longitudinally penetrating the negative ignition unit; the central electrode is The closest distance of the cavity wall is greater than the closest distance from the center electrode to the negative ignition unit.

Preferably, the negative firing unit employs a conductive material.

Preferably, the negative firing unit employs the same material as the spark plug housing.

Preferably, the inner cavity wall of the spark plug housing is provided with an annular protrusion that divides the hollow cavity into a first chamber and a second chamber that are electrically connected; the center electrode is nearest to the annular protrusion The distance is greater than the closest distance from the center electrode to the negative ignition unit.

Preferably, the closest distance of the central electrode to the annular projection is at least 1.5 times the closest distance of the central electrode to the negative ignition unit.

Preferably, the closest distance of the central electrode to the negative firing unit is 0.9-1.1 mm, and the closest distance of the central electrode to the annular projection is ≥ 2 mm.

Preferably, the negative firing unit is a separate external embedded component.

Preferably, the negative firing unit has a cylindrical shape, and a blocking device is disposed on the inner wall of the hollow cavity at the lower edge of the negative firing unit; the upper end edge of the spark plug housing is bent to form a limiting portion, and the negative electrode The ignition unit is fixed between the limiting portion and the blocking device.

Preferably, the area of the vent hole accounts for 40-50% of the cross-sectional area of the negative ignition unit.

Preferably, the venting holes are provided with at least two, uniformly disposed on the negative firing unit.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

1) The spark plug negative ignition unit is no longer an iron shell part of the existing design using a spark plug, but a completely independent outer insert part

2) The top closing portion of the spark plug combustion chamber is now realized by a limit portion of the spark plug housing;

3) The gap between the two combustion chambers inside the spark plug is no longer used as the negative ignition unit of the spark plug, so that the size of the gap can be increased, thereby effectively reducing the spark plug during the ignition of the car to the car computer The impact of the system.

4) The vent hole on the top plate of the negative ignition unit effectively separates the combustion inside the spark plug, and can also effectively reduce the impact of rapid full combustion during the burning process on the automobile computer system.

In summary, the present invention can effectively reduce the impact of the spark plug on the existing automobile computer system due to rapid full full combustion during the sparking combustion and effectively realize the fuel saving and power of the spark plug. Enhancement and exhaust emissions are greatly reduced.

DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is an outline view of a conventional spark plug;

Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the prior art spark plug of Figure 1;

3 is a schematic structural view of another specific embodiment of a conventional spark plug;

4 is a schematic structural view of a spark plug according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the A-A of Figure 4;

6 is a schematic structural view of a spark plug according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of a spark plug according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the B-B of Figure 7;

Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the vent holes in the fourth embodiment.

detailed description

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

Referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the embodiment shows a spark plug 200 including a spark plug housing 201, an insulator 202 and a central electrode 203;

The spark plug housing 201 is provided with a hollow cavity 204. The insulator 202 is fixed in the lower part of the hollow cavity 204. The central electrode 203 is wrapped in the insulator 202. The top of the central electrode 203 extends through the insulator 202. In the hollow cavity 204 of the spark plug housing 201; the insulator 202 may be made of a material having a high thermal conductivity, such as a sintered alumina ceramic material;

A negative electrode firing unit 205 is disposed above the central electrode 203, and the negative electrode firing unit has a cylindrical shape. The inner wall of the hollow cavity 204 at the lower edge of the negative electrode firing unit 205 is provided with a blocking device 206; the hollow cavity 204 The upper end edge is bent to form a limiting portion 207, the negative firing unit 205 is fixed between the limiting portion 207 and the blocking device 206; and the negative firing device 205 is uniformly provided with four longitudinal through negative electrodes. The exhaust hole 208 of the fire unit 205; the area of the exhaust hole 208 occupies 40% of the cross-sectional area of the negative ignition unit 205. The closest distance of the central electrode 203 to the wall of the hollow cavity 204 is greater than the closest distance of the central electrode 203 to the negative firing device 205;

The negative ignition unit 205 is made of a conductive material, such as copper, steel or aluminum. The best choice is that the negative ignition unit 205 is made of the same material as the spark plug housing 201, so that the negative ignition unit 205 and the spark plug housing can be ensured. 201 has the same expansion coefficient to ensure the negative ignition list The fixation between the element 205 and the spark plug housing 201 does not occur.

Example 2

Referring to FIG. 6, the embodiment 1 is repeated, except that the wall of the hollow cavity 204 of the spark plug housing 201 is provided with an annular protrusion 209, which divides the hollow cavity 204 into a conductive portion. a chamber 210 and a second chamber 211; the first chamber 210 and the second chamber 211 are communicated by a passage 212 in the middle of the annular projection 209; the closest distance of the central electrode 203 to the annular projection is 1 mm, the center The closest distance from the electrode to the negative ignition unit is 2 mm; the above distance is set such that the closest distance of the center electrode to the top end of the annular projection exceeds 1 mm from the prior art, increasing the communication between the first chamber and the second chamber The cross-sectional area of the channel; can effectively reduce the impact of the spark plug on the car computer system during the burning of the spark.

In this embodiment, the upper portion of the first chamber 210 has a cylindrical shape, and the upper surface of the annular protrusion 209 is gradually reduced to be tapered. The lower portion of the second chamber 211 and the insulator 202 are matched and fixed, and the chamber is rounded. The tubular shape is formed until the lower surface of the annular projection 209 is gradually reduced, and the tapered surface is tightened.

Example 3

Referring to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , Example 2 is repeated, except that the negative ignition unit 205 is provided with seven exhaust holes 208 uniformly disposed on the negative ignition unit 205. The area of the air hole 208 accounts for 50% of the sectional area of the negative electrode firing unit 208; the closest distance between the center electrode 203 and the negative electrode firing unit 205 is 1.1 mm, and the closest distance of the central electrode 203 to the annular protruding portion 209 is 2.1. Millimeter.

Example 4

As shown in FIG. 9 , the second embodiment is repeated, except that the negative ignition unit 205 is provided with three exhaust holes 208 , which are uniformly disposed on the negative ignition unit 205 , and the exhaust holes 208 . The area accounts for 45% of the cross-sectional area of the negative ignition unit 208;

The closest distance between the center electrode 203 to the negative firing unit 205 is 0.9 mm, and the closest distance from the center electrode to the tip end of the annular projection is 1.9 mm.

The words "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc., used herein to describe azimuth are for convenience of explanation based on the orientation shown in the drawings, in actual devices. The orientation may vary depending on how the device is placed.

It is apparent that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and It is not intended to limit the embodiments of the invention. Other variations or modifications of the various forms may be made by those skilled in the art in light of the above description. It is not possible to exhaust all implementations here. Obvious changes or variations that come within the scope of the invention are still within the scope of the invention.

Claims

A spark plug includes a spark plug housing, an insulator and a central electrode; a cavity is disposed in the spark plug housing, the insulator is fixed in an inner lower portion of the hollow cavity, the central electrode is covered in an insulator, and the central electrode is on top Extending through the insulator exposed in the hollow cavity of the spark plug housing; characterized by:

a negative ignition unit is disposed above the central electrode, the negative ignition unit is fixed on the hollow cavity wall of the spark plug housing, and the negative ignition unit is provided with a vent hole longitudinally penetrating the negative ignition unit; the central electrode The closest distance to the wall of the hollow cavity is greater than the closest distance from the center electrode to the negative ignition unit.
A spark plug according to claim 1, wherein preferably, said negative firing unit employs a conductive material.
A spark plug according to claim 2, wherein preferably, said negative firing unit employs the same material as the spark plug housing.
A spark plug according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein preferably, the cavity wall of the spark plug housing is provided with an annular projection which separates the hollow cavity into a conducting a first chamber and a second chamber; a closest distance of the central electrode to the annular projection is greater than a closest distance of the central electrode to the negative ignition unit.
A spark plug according to claim 4, wherein preferably, the closest distance of said central electrode to the annular projection is at least 1.5 times the closest distance of the central electrode to the negative ignition unit.
A spark plug according to claim 5, wherein preferably, the closest distance of the center electrode to the negative firing unit is 0.9-1.1 mm, and the closest distance of the center electrode to the annular projection is ≥ 2 mm.
A spark plug according to claim 1, wherein preferably said negative firing unit is a separate externally embedded component.
A spark plug according to claim 7, wherein preferably, said negative firing unit has a cylindrical shape, and said inner wall of said hollow cavity at said lower edge of said negative firing unit is provided with a blocking means; The upper end edge is bent to form a limiting portion, and the negative ignition unit is fixed between the limiting portion and the blocking device.
A spark plug according to claim 1, wherein preferably, the area of the vent hole accounts for 40-50% of the sectional area of the negative firing unit.
A spark plug according to claim 1, wherein preferably, said vent holes are provided at least two, uniformly disposed on the negative firing unit.