WO2015043334A1 - 一种基于四分位图展示数据的可视化方法及系统 - Google Patents

一种基于四分位图展示数据的可视化方法及系统 Download PDF

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WO2015043334A1
WO2015043334A1 PCT/CN2014/084611 CN2014084611W WO2015043334A1 WO 2015043334 A1 WO2015043334 A1 WO 2015043334A1 CN 2014084611 W CN2014084611 W CN 2014084611W WO 2015043334 A1 WO2015043334 A1 WO 2015043334A1
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data
quartile
display
grid
scale
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PCT/CN2014/084611
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王明兴
樊文飞
贾西贝
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深圳市华傲数据技术有限公司
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Priority to KR1020157018965A priority Critical patent/KR101668716B1/ko
Priority to GB1511186.7A priority patent/GB2523513A/en
Priority to US14/655,283 priority patent/US9478052B2/en
Publication of WO2015043334A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015043334A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T11/00—2D [Two Dimensional] image generation
    • G06T11/20—Drawing from basic elements, e.g. lines or circles
    • G06T11/206—Drawing of charts or graphs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/30—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of unstructured textual data
    • G06F16/34—Browsing; Visualisation therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0484—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] for the control of specific functions or operations, e.g. selecting or manipulating an object, an image or a displayed text element, setting a parameter value or selecting a range
    • G06F3/04842—Selection of displayed objects or displayed text elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0484—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] for the control of specific functions or operations, e.g. selecting or manipulating an object, an image or a displayed text element, setting a parameter value or selecting a range
    • G06F3/04845—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] for the control of specific functions or operations, e.g. selecting or manipulating an object, an image or a displayed text element, setting a parameter value or selecting a range for image manipulation, e.g. dragging, rotation, expansion or change of colour

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  • the present invention relates to the field of data processing, and in particular, to a visualization method and system for displaying data based on a quartile graph.
  • the quartile is a graph showing the distribution of one-dimensional data. It can visually represent the distribution of data, including five data points: the lowest, the fourth, the median, and the three-quarters. The highest position. The lowest and highest digits correspond to the minimum and maximum values respectively, and the quarter digit means that 25% of all data is less than the value, and the same median value is 50% of all data less than the value. Three of the three bits are less than 75% of all data.
  • the quartile is just a display tool and can only be used to show the distribution of one-dimensional data. Therefore, there is a lack of a visualization method that uses a quartile to display the distribution of two-dimensional data.
  • the present invention provides a visualization method and system for displaying data based on a quartile map.
  • the present invention stores data by defining a data grid Gx, and the four display scales of the X-axis are switched to each other, and the quartile map is used to display Data, which enables the distribution of two-dimensional data to be displayed in a large data volume or large data environment, and provides interactive functions.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a visualization method for displaying data based on a quartile graph, the method comprising:
  • the data display step is performed using a quartile map.
  • the step of defining the data grid Gx and determining the X-axis display scale comprises: calculating a range of values of the independent variable X, and discretizing the independent variable X.
  • the step of defining the data grid Gx and determining the X-axis display scale further comprises: adjusting the maximum and minimum values of X according to the value range of the argument X, and further determining the value
  • the range is divided into a series of equally divided Gx.
  • the display scales are four and can be switched to each other.
  • the performing data source configuration, scanning and reading steps comprises:
  • Scan the data source read the X and Y values of each record: x and y, and calculate the data grid Gx corresponding to x and y, and save the data to the Gx.
  • the quartile of data in each of the data grids Gx for each scale level is calculated: a lowest digit, a quarter digit, a median bit, a three-quarter digit, and a highest bit.
  • the step of performing data display using the quartile map comprises: the data displayed by using the quartile map is data stored in the data grid Gx.
  • the step of performing data display using the quartile map further comprises: the displaying may perform upper limit or lower limit single direction modification and range overall drag.
  • the step of performing data display using the quartile map further comprises:
  • the presentation may be performed in a region that is detailed in the corresponding data grid Gx.
  • a data grid definition unit for defining a data grid Gx, and determining an X-axis display scale
  • a data source acquisition unit Used for data source configuration, scanning and reading
  • data source storage unit for analyzing stored data and correcting X-axis display scale, and then calculating quartile of data in each data grid Gx of each scale level
  • data display Unit for data display using a quartile.
  • the data source obtaining unit corrects the maximum value and the minimum value according to the value interval according to the minimum value and the maximum value of the independent variable X determined by the data grid defining unit, and scans the data source to read the X and Y of each record. Values: x and y, calculate the data grid Gx corresponding to x and y.
  • the data displayed by the data display unit is data within the data grid Gx stored by the data source storage unit.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for visualizing a data based on a quartile map according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a data grid Gx defined in one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the invention provides a visualization method and system for displaying data based on a scatter plot.
  • the invention stores data by defining a data grid Gxy, and uses a scatter plot to display data, thereby realizing visualization of data display under a huge amount of data. Can be used for data presentation and data analysis.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for visualizing a data based on a quartile graph according to an embodiment of the present invention, specifically the following steps:
  • Step S110 Define the data grid Gx and determine the display scale of the X-axis.
  • the data grid Gx is defined as follows:
  • Gx ⁇ x1,x2 ⁇ is G ⁇ (x,y)
  • Step S120 Perform data source configuration, scanning, and reading.
  • the data source configures the data source according to the independent variable X and the dependent variable Y, and obtains the minimum value and the maximum value of the independent variable X, and corrects the maximum value and the minimum value according to the value interval, so that the minimum value and the maximum value are obtained.
  • ie Xmin (or Xmax) m * 10 ⁇ n.
  • the minimum value of X after trimming is 0, and the maximum value is 1000, that is, the value range becomes: [0, 1000].
  • the corrected X-axis value interval it is divided into a series of equidistant Gx.
  • the system will support 3 kinds of Gx display scales at the same time, and support switching (n continuous, each time switching, the corresponding will be enlarged and reduced by 10 times).
  • the four Gx display scales will be dynamically identified.
  • the standard of recognition is that the X axis is equally divided into 10-100 Gx when the maximum display scale is displayed. If the X data distribution interval is 0 to 50000, then the Gx display scale supported by the system will be For: 1, 10, 100, 1000.
  • Step S130 analyzing the stored data and correcting the X-axis display scale, thereby calculating the quartile of the data in each data grid Gx of each scale level.
  • the quartile of the data in each of the data grids Gx for each scale level is calculated by: a lowest digit, a quarter digit, a median bit, a three-quarter digit, and a highest bit.
  • Step S140 Performing big data display by using a quartile map.
  • the data displayed by the quartile graph is data stored in the Gx.
  • the display can perform upper or lower limit single direction modification and range overall drag. It can be switched between the four display scales of the X-axis. When the mouse selects an area in the quartile map, it can be displayed as the detailed information in the corresponding data grid Gx.
  • a data grid definition unit for defining a data grid Gx, and determining an X-axis display scale
  • a data source acquisition unit Used for data source configuration, scanning and reading
  • data source storage unit for analyzing stored data and correcting X-axis display scale, and then calculating quartile of data in each data grid Gx of each scale level
  • data display Unit for data display using a quartile.
  • the data source obtaining unit corrects the maximum value and the minimum value according to the value interval according to the minimum value and the maximum value of the independent variable X determined by the data grid defining unit, and scans the data source to read the X and Y of each record.
  • the values x and y calculate the data lattice Gx corresponding to x and y.
  • the data displayed by the data display unit is data within the data grid Gx stored by the data source storage unit.
  • the present invention stores data by defining a data grid Gx, and the four display scales of the X-axis are switched to each other, and the quartile map is used to display data, thereby realizing the distribution of two-dimensional data in a large data volume or a large data environment. And provide interactive features.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Data Mining & Analysis (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • User Interface Of Digital Computer (AREA)
  • Information Retrieval, Db Structures And Fs Structures Therefor (AREA)
  • Controls And Circuits For Display Device (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种基于四分位图展示数据的可视化方法，该方法包括：定义数据格Gx，并确定X轴的展示刻度步骤；进行数据源配置、扫描和读取步骤；分析存储数据与修正X轴展示刻度，进而计算每一刻度级别的每一数据格Gx内数据的四分位步骤；采用四分位图进行数据展示步骤。本发明通过定义数据格Gx来存储数据，并且X轴的四种展示刻度间相互切换，采用四分位图来展示数据，实现在数据量巨大或大数据环境下展示二维数据的分布情况，并提供交互功能。另外，本发明还提供一种基于四分位图展示数据的可视化系统。

Description

一种基于四分位图展示数据的可视化方法及系统 技术领域
本发明涉及数据处理领域，尤其涉及一种基于四分位图展示数据的可视化方法及系统。
 背景技术
四分位图是一种展示一维数据分布情况的图形，能直观表现出数据的分布形态，包括五个数据点：最低位、四分之一位、中值位、四分之三位、最高位。其中最低位、最高位分别对应最小值、最大值，四分之一位含义为所有数据中有25%的数据小于该值，同理中值位为所有数据中有50%小于该值，四分之三位为所有数据中有75%小于该值。四分位图只是个展示工具，且只能用来展示一维数据分布情况。因而缺少一种采用四分位图展示二维数据分布情况的可视化方法。
 发明内容
因此，本发明为了解决上述缺陷之一。
因而，本发明提供一种基于四分位图展示数据的可视化方法及系统，本发明通过定义数据格Gx来存储数据，并且X轴的四种展示刻度间相互切换，采用四分位图来展示数据，实现在数据量巨大或大数据环境下展示二维数据的分布情况，并提供交互功能。
所以，本发明一个实施例提供一种基于四分位图展示数据的可视化方法，该方法包括：
定义数据格Gx，并确定X轴的展示刻度步骤；
进行数据源配置、扫描和读取步骤；
分析存储数据与修正X轴展示刻度，进而计算每一刻度级别的每一数据格Gx内数据的四分位步骤；
采用四分位图进行数据展示步骤。
在本发明一个实施例中，所述定义数据格Gx，并确定X轴的展示刻度步骤包括：计算自变量X的取值范围，并对自变量X进行离散化。
在本发明一个实施例中，所述定义数据格Gx，并确定X轴的展示刻度步骤还包括：根据自变量X的取值范围对X的最大和最小值进行调整，进而将所述取值范围划分成一系列等分的Gx。
优选地，所述展示刻度为4种，并可相互进行切换。
在本发明一个实施例中，所述进行数据源配置、扫描和读取步骤包括：
依据自变量X和因变量Y进行数据源配置；
获取自变量X的最小值和最大值，依据取值区间对最大值和最小值进行修正；
扫描数据源，读取每一记录的X与Y值：x和y，并计算出x和y对应的数据格Gx，将所述数据保存到该Gx中。
优选地，所述计算每一刻度级别的每一数据格Gx内数据的四分位包括：最低位、四分之一位、中值位、四分之三位和最高位。
在本发明一个实施例中，所述采用四分位图进行数据展示步骤包括：所述采用四分位图进行数据展示的数据为数据格Gx中存储的数据。
优选地，所述采用四分位图进行数据展示步骤还包括：所述展示可进行上限或下限单方向修改和范围整体拖动。
优选地，所述采用四分位图进行数据展示步骤还包括：
所述展示可选择一片区域进行，所述展示为对应数据格Gx内详细信息。
本发明另一个实施例提供一种基于四分位图展示大数据的可视化系统，该系统包括：数据格定义单元，用于定义数据格Gx，并确定X轴的展示刻度；数据源获取单元，用于进行数据源配置、扫描和读取；数据源存储单元，用于分析存储数据与修正X轴展示刻度，进而计算每一刻度级别的每一数据格Gx内数据的四分位；数据展示单元，用于采用四分位图进行数据展示。
所述数据源获取单元根据数据格定义单元确定的自变量X的最小值和最大值，依据取值区间对最大值和最小值进行修正，并扫描数据源，读取每一记录的X与Y值：x和y，计算出x和y对应的数据格Gx。所述数据展示单元展示的数据为数据源存储单元存储的数据格Gx内的数据。
附图说明
图1是本发明一个实施例提供的一种基于四分位图展示数据的可视化方法的具体流程示意图。
图2 是本发明一个实施例中定义的数据格Gx的示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步的详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
本发明提供一种基于散点图展示数据的可视化方法及系统，本发明通过定义数据格Gxy来存储数据，并利用散点图来展示数据，实现了在数据量巨大情况下的数据展示的可视化，可用于数据展示和数据分析。
如图1是本发明一个实施例提供一种基于四分位图展示数据的可视化方法具体流程示意图，具体为以下步骤：
步骤S110：定义数据格Gx，并确定X轴的展示刻度。
在本发明一个实施例中，为了展示二维四分位图需要先计算自变量X的取值范围，并对自变量X进行离散化。并根据自变量X的取值范围对X的最大和最小值进行调整，进而将所述取值范围划分成一系列等分的Gx。如图2所示对数据格Gx作如下定义：
Gx{x1,x2}为G{(x,y)|x1<=x<x2}，简称Gx，即所有满足x1<=x<x2的点(x,y)。
步骤S120：进行数据源配置、扫描和读取。
该步骤中，数据源依据自变量X和因变量Y进行数据源配置，并获取自变量X的最小值和最大值，依据取值区间对最大值和最小值进行修正，使得最小值、最大值为10的n次方（n为整数）的倍数，即Xmin(或Xmax) = m * 10^n。如X的实际取值区间为[0.1,983.7]，进行修整后X的最小值为0，最大值为1000，即取值区间变为：[0,1000]。依据修正后的X轴取值区间划分成一系列等距的Gx， Gx的间距刻度Sx将会动态的识别成10的n次方（n为整数），即s=10^n，可能的取值为1、10、100、1000000、0.1、0.01等。同时为了支持缩放功能，本系统将同时支持3种Gx展示刻度，并支持切换(n连续，每切换一次，对应的将放大、缩小10倍)。4种Gx展示刻度将动态识别，识别的标准为使得最大展示刻度时X轴被等分成10-100个Gx，如X数据的分布区间为0到50000，那么本系统支持的Gx的展示刻度将为：1、10、100、1000。
扫描数据源，读取每一记录的X、Y值x和y，并计算出x和y对应的数据格Gx，将所述数据保存到该Gx中。如x=155.3且X轴刻度为“10”时，155.3/10 = 15.53, 则Gx为Gx{150,160}，当刻度为1时则属于Gx{155,156}。
步骤S130：分析存储数据与修正X轴展示刻度，进而计算每一刻度级别的每一数据格Gx内数据的四分位。
读取数据完毕后，分析存储的数据，修正X轴展示刻度，如果某个小级别的刻度中有效的Gx数量（Gx中记录数大于0则称该Gx有效）小于上级的有效Gx数量的2倍，则删除该刻度。删除该刻度的原因是当放大到该级别时，信息增加的并不多，实际数据明细并没有得到有效的放大。确定保留的有效展示刻度中最大的为初始展示的刻度。所述计算每一刻度级别的每一数据格Gx内数据的四分位包括：最低位、四分之一位、中值位、四分之三位和最高位。
步骤S140：采用四分位图进行大数据展示。
在本发明一个实施例中，所述采用四分位图进行数据展示的数据为Gx中存储的数据。所述展示可进行上限或下限单方向修改和范围整体拖动。在X轴四种展示刻度间可相互进行切换，鼠标选择四分位图中一片区域时，可展示为对应数据格Gx内详细信息。
本发明另一个实施例提供一种基于四分位图展示大数据的可视化系统，该系统包括：数据格定义单元，用于定义数据格Gx，并确定X轴的展示刻度；数据源获取单元，用于进行数据源配置、扫描和读取；数据源存储单元，用于分析存储数据与修正X轴展示刻度，进而计算每一刻度级别的每一数据格Gx内数据的四分位；数据展示单元，用于采用四分位图进行数据展示。
所述数据源获取单元根据数据格定义单元确定的自变量X的最小值和最大值，依据取值区间对最大值和最小值进行修正，并扫描数据源，读取每一记录的X、Y值x和y，计算出x和y对应的数据格Gx。所述数据展示单元展示的数据为数据源存储单元存储的数据格Gx内的数据。本发明通过定义数据格Gx来存储数据，并且X轴的四种展示刻度间相互切换，采用四分位图来展示数据，实现在数据量巨大或大数据环境下展示二维数据的分布情况，并提供交互功能。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种基于四分位图展示数据的可视化方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    定义数据格Gx，并确定X轴的展示刻度步骤；
    进行数据源配置、扫描和读取步骤；
    分析存储数据与修正X轴展示刻度，进而计算每一刻度级别的每一数据格Gx内数据的四分位步骤；
    采用四分位图进行数据展示步骤。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述定义数据格Gx，并确定X轴的展示刻度步骤包括：
    计算自变量X的取值范围，并对自变量X进行离散化。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述定义数据格Gx，并确定X轴的展示刻度步骤还包括：
    根据自变量X的取值范围对X的最大和最小值进行调整，进而将所述取值范围划分成一系列等分的Gx。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述展示刻度为4种，并可相互进行切换。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述进行数据源配置、扫描和读取步骤包括：
    依据自变量X和因变量Y进行数据源配置；
    获取自变量X的最小值和最大值，依据取值区间对最大值和最小值进行修正；
    扫描数据源，读取每一记录的X与Y值：x和y，并计算出x和y对应的数据格Gx，将所述数据保存到该Gx中。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述计算每一刻度级别的每一数据格Gx内数据的四分位包括：最低位、四分之一位、中值位、四分之三位和最高位。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述采用四分位图进行数据展示步骤包括：
    所述采用四分位图进行数据展示的数据为Gx中存储的数据。
  8. 根据权利要求1或7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述采用四分位图进行数据展示步骤还包括：
    所述展示可进行上限或下限单方向修改和范围整体拖动。
  9. 根据权利要求1或7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述采用四分位图进行数据展示步骤还包括：
    所述展示可选择一片区域进行，所述展示为对应数据格Gx内详细信息。
  10. 一种基于四分位图展示大数据的可视化系统，其特征在于， 所述系统包括：
    数据格定义单元，用于定义数据格Gx，并确定X轴的展示刻度；
    数据源获取单元，用于进行数据源配置、扫描和读取；
    数据源存储单元，用于分析存储数据与修正X轴展示刻度，进而计算每一刻度级别的每一数据格Gx内数据的四分位；
    数据展示单元，用于采用四分位图进行数据展示。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的系统，其特征在于，所述数据源获取单元根据数据格定义单元确定的自变量X的最小值和最大值，依据取值区间对最大值和最小值进行修正，并扫描数据源，读取每一记录的X与Y值：x和y，计算出x和y对应的数据格Gx。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的系统，其特征在于，所述数据展示单元展示的数据为数据源存储单元存储的数据格Gx内的数据。
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