WO2015043007A1 - 便携式接地故障断路器 - Google Patents

便携式接地故障断路器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015043007A1
WO2015043007A1 PCT/CN2013/085358 CN2013085358W WO2015043007A1 WO 2015043007 A1 WO2015043007 A1 WO 2015043007A1 CN 2013085358 W CN2013085358 W CN 2013085358W WO 2015043007 A1 WO2015043007 A1 WO 2015043007A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit
ground fault
base
movable contact
circuit breaker
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/085358
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘国久
薛建国
严永煊
Original Assignee
上海蕴原电器有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 上海蕴原电器有限公司 filed Critical 上海蕴原电器有限公司
Priority to US14/235,649 priority Critical patent/US9077177B2/en
Publication of WO2015043007A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015043007A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
    • H01H83/14—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by imbalance of two or more currents or voltages, e.g. for differential protection
    • H01H83/144—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by imbalance of two or more currents or voltages, e.g. for differential protection with differential transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H02H3/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current additionally responsive to some other abnormal electrical conditions
    • H02H3/105—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current additionally responsive to some other abnormal electrical conditions responsive to excess current and fault current to earth
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/26—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents
    • H02H3/32—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors
    • H02H3/33—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors using summation current transformers
    • H02H3/331—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors using summation current transformers responsive to earthing of the neutral conductor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/70—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch
    • H01R13/713—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch the switch being a safety switch
    • H01R13/7135—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch the switch being a safety switch with ground fault protector
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R2103/00—Two poles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R24/00—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure
    • H01R24/28—Coupling parts carrying pins, blades or analogous contacts and secured only to wire or cable
    • H01R24/30—Coupling parts carrying pins, blades or analogous contacts and secured only to wire or cable with additional earth or shield contacts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of electrical equipment protection devices, and more particularly to a portable ground fault circuit breaker capable of automatically breaking a load, a power source, and a waterproof function in the event of a short circuit, a leakage, an electric shock, a ground fault, and a neutral ground fault.
  • the invention patent of the Chinese patent number "ZL 200810147046.0” also discloses a "fireproof and leakage protection plug" with short circuit protection function, as shown in Fig. 1 (the structure of the trip device in the patent technology), Fig. 2 (the patent
  • the circuit schematic of the technology is shown as follows: It comprises an electromagnetic trip device mounted on the substrate and a multi-function protection auxiliary circuit, and the movable iron core and the respective trip coils and the skeleton set thereon are mounted on the substrate, The insulating plate is fixedly disposed at a center position of the movable contact piece, and a permanent magnet is fixedly mounted at a position where the insulating plate can be attracted to the static iron core on the plug housing.
  • the protection circuit controls the moving iron core to generate a magnetic force, which is mutually exclusive with the magnetic force of the permanent magnet, and the repulsive force drives the permanent magnet belt.
  • the insulating plate and the movable contact piece move downward, thereby forcing the movable contact to be disconnected from the static contact to realize the tripping action.
  • the above technology has significant advantages such as high sensitivity, fast power-off speed (which can be powered off within 25 ms).
  • it only utilizes the principle of electromagnetic tripping mechanism to realize the opening.
  • the fatal disadvantage of the electromagnetic tripping mechanism is that it requires a certain holding force to achieve the holding/closing state. That is to say, in the above technology, after the permanent magnet leaves the static contact piece with the movable contact piece, the moving iron core needs to continuously maintain a strong magnetic force repelling the permanent magnet to ensure the safety of the opening.
  • the strong current in the circuit will no longer exist, which means that the moving iron core will continuously lose its magnetic force, because the fixed end of the moving contact piece and the substrate in the above technology is elastically deformed.
  • the U-shaped member of the capability the permanent magnet disposed on the insulating plate on the member, is likely to be attracted again by the static iron core without the continuous repulsive magnetic force, and the movable contact piece and the static contact piece are again Contact achieves closing, which in turn creates a significant safety hazard.
  • the movable contact piece, the static contact piece, and the electromagnetic tripping device and the multi-function protection auxiliary circuit mounted on the substrate are all in a small space, when the moving contact piece and the static contact piece The arc generated when the contact is closed will definitely affect or even burn the electromagnetic trip device and the multi-function protection auxiliary circuit.
  • the inventor of the present invention in combination with his own technical experience for many years, invented a circuit that can be quickly and safely opened, realizes a decisive cut-off circuit, does not require continuous current supply, and achieves the elimination of power loss, and the structure Compact, scientific, portable ground fault circuit breaker with multiple protection features such as overload, leakage, electric shock, ground fault and neutral ground fault, short circuit, and waterproof.
  • the present invention provides a novel ingenious and scientific combination of the electromagnetic tripping mechanism and the lever mechanical tripping mechanism, which has extremely high stability and sensitivity, and Portable ground fault circuit breaker that produces sparks, long life and is not prone to heat.
  • the portable ground fault circuit breaker includes a main casing, and further includes an inner casing formed in the main passenger body and composed of a base and a base cover, wherein the inner casing is disposed on the base
  • the upper leg is fixed to a circuit board disposed in the main casing;
  • At least two static contact frames respectively provided with static contacts are soldered to the circuit board and respectively disposed on two turns of the base cover, and the static contacts are suspended through the top of the base cover Inside the inner casing;
  • At least two movable contacts separated from each other by an insulating plate and having movable contacts are respectively disposed on an unbalanced movable contact frame, and a jump is further provided at one end of the movable contact frame.
  • the buckle can be connected to a buckle buckle that acts as a balance and can cause the movable contact to perform a split action with the static contact;
  • the upper end of the buckle is suspended on the base cover by a rotating shaft, and the lower end of the buckle is in contact with the electromagnetic tripping mechanism disposed at the outer bottom of the base through the base.
  • the electromagnetic trip mechanism is electrically connected to a main control circuit provided on the circuit board.
  • the electromagnetic trip mechanism includes a bobbin, a trip coil and a yoke provided on the bobbin, a moving iron core, and a core placed at one end of the movable iron core a spring, and a pusher frame disposed outside the bobbin, wherein the bobbin is hoisted on the outsole of the base by a fastening device;
  • a boss for placing the pusher frame is further disposed on the bobbin, two sides of the pusher frame are placed on the boss, and the boss and the base are Free reciprocating motion in the space formed between the outsole;
  • One end of the movable iron core passes through one side of the bobbin and the yoke and is placed in the trip coil, and the other end of the movable iron core is placed with the iron core spring placed in the
  • the outer side of the trip coil is connected to one end of the push rod frame, and the other end of the push rod frame is in free contact with the lower end of the buckle.
  • a further technical innovation of the present invention is that: a protrusion having a slope is formed in a middle portion of the buckle, and a bottom surface of the protrusion is horizontal to facilitate defining an activity of the jumper;
  • the lower end of the buckle is bent, one end of the lock spring is elastically and freely contacted with the lower end of the buckle, and the other end is fixed to the base cover.
  • a further technical innovation of the present invention is further characterized in that: the base cover is further provided with a reset button fixing seat which is hollowed inside and above, and more than one bayonet is further provided on the reset button fixing seat;
  • One end of a reset button is in contact with the movable contact frame through the reset button fixing seat, and a return spring is further disposed at the end of the reset button, and the return spring is limited to the reset button Inside the seat;
  • the middle of the reset button is further provided with one or more elastic buckles adapted to the bayonet, and the elastic buckle has an inverted cone shape, which can effectively limit the reset button while being moved downward. It is free to pick up and ensure the stability of the closing state;
  • the other end of the reset button passes through a seal platen disposed inside the main casing and is placed in a button waterproof seal disposed outside the main casing.
  • a further technical innovation of the present invention is further characterized in that: the base cover is further provided with a test contact piece, the test contact piece is in elastic contact with the static contact frame, and one end of a test button is in contact with the test contact piece , Instruction manual
  • the other end is connected to the button waterproof seal provided outside the main casing through the seal platen.
  • a further technical innovation of the present invention is further characterized in that: a base body for fixing a high-brightness light-emitting diode is further disposed on the base cover, and a soldering needle is further disposed on both sides of the barrel-shaped body a slot, one end of the soldering pin is soldered to the circuit board, and the other end is connected to the high-brightness light emitting diode fixed on the barrel through the slot;
  • the high brightness light emitting diode is placed through the seal platen in an indicator light cover disposed outside the main housing.
  • a further technical innovation of the present invention is further characterized in that: at least one inwardly recessed open groove is formed on the inner bottom surface of the base to facilitate the falling of the movable contact frame to ensure a safe clearance of the opening;
  • two limiting blocks extending upward and respectively located on two sides of the jumper are disposed to limit the horizontal swing of the jumper to ensure the safety of the opening and closing.
  • Still further technical innovations of the present invention are: further provided on the inner bottom surface of the base with a lever fulcrum having a hemispherical tip end, one end of a contact spring is sleeved on the lever fulcrum, and the other end is fixed At the bottom of the movable contact frame;
  • a baffle is provided on both sides of the base to define the displacement of the movable contact frame and the base cover.
  • the technical solution preferably provides two pairs of the baffle frame on the two sides of the base.
  • the base cover is coupled with the base to form the inner casing, so that the movable contact and the static contact realize the opening and closing action in the independent space formed by the inner casing, completely eliminating the Arcing is caused to the circuit board and the electromagnetic trip mechanism due to arcing during closing.
  • a further technical innovation of the present invention is further characterized in that: the main casing is composed of an upper cover, a base and a small bottom cover, wherein the circuit board is disposed on the base by a fixing post, and the small bottom cover A baffle is further disposed, one end of the connection terminal connected to the load is disposed on the baffle, and the other end of the connection terminal is connected to the movable contact piece; Instruction manual
  • the base and the small bottom cover are tightly connected to the upper cover by an annular sealing body, and the button waterproof sealing member and the indicator light cover are both disposed on the upper cover;
  • a crimping plate is suspended from the upper cover by a fastener and located above the small bottom cover for fixing the output wire;
  • a wire sealing ring is tightly fixed between the small bottom cover and the upper cover by a clamping member, and is responsible for the sealed connection of the load wires.
  • Still further technical innovations of the present invention are: providing a peripheral circuit A, a test circuit 8, a power switch circuit C, a work indicating circuit D, a detecting sensing circuit E, a main control circuit F, and a signal amplifying circuit on the circuit board.
  • the detection sensing circuit E comprises: a leakage electric shock ground fault detecting induction circuit E1, a neutral ground fault detecting circuit E2, and a short circuit detecting circuit E3;
  • the main control circuit F includes: a leakage electric shock ground fault control circuit Fl, Neutral ground fault control circuit F2 and short circuit control circuit F3.
  • the peripheral circuit A includes a varistor MOV disposed on the circuit board, and a power supply phase line L and a power supply neutral line N connected to the power supply.
  • the varistor MOV is connected to the power supply phase line L and the power supply.
  • the neutral line N is used to absorb the pulse voltage in the power grid to protect the circuit.
  • the test circuit B includes a test resistor R test, a test switch K twst, and a wire disposed on the circuit board, wherein the resistor R test and a wire are soldered on the circuit board, and the test switch K Twst includes the test button and the test contact for detecting the performance integrity of the portable ground fault interrupter.
  • the power switch circuit C includes a double-pole single-throw switch K disposed in the inner casing with a free trip mechanism, and an electromagnetic trip mechanism (Solenoid) suspended from an outer bottom of the base.
  • the electromagnetic trip mechanism directly controls the breaking of the double-pole single-throw switch K to protect the circuit and the load.
  • the work indicating circuit D includes a current limiting resistor R7 disposed on the circuit board, and the high-brightness light emitting diode DL connected to the circuit board through the soldering pin to display an operating state.
  • the high-brightness LED DL is on, indicating normal operation, no light indicates no power, and the load has no power output.
  • the detection sensing circuit E includes: a leakage electric shock ground fault detecting induction circuit E1, a neutral ground fault detecting circuit E2, and a short circuit detecting circuit E3; wherein the leakage electric shock ground fault detecting sensing circuit E1 and the neutral ground fault detecting induction
  • the circuit E2 includes: zero-sequence current transformers T1 and T2 soldered on the circuit board, and a power supply phase line L and a power center line ⁇ passing through the T1 and ⁇ 2, and further including soldered on the circuit board Resistors R1 and R2, capacitors C and C2, resistor R5, capacitors C5 and C6.
  • the short circuit detecting circuit E3 includes: a ring-shaped transformer T3 soldered on the circuit board, a power supply phase line L passing through the crucible 3, and a resistor R6, a capacitor C7, and a diode D1 soldered on the circuit board. -D4, wherein each of the two diodes is connected in series, end to end, connected to the short circuit detecting circuit E3, and the forward voltage drop of each diode is 0.7V.
  • the T3 detects the signal. The detection is performed, and the diode D1-D4 is voltage-reduced and rectified and transmitted to the thyristor to trigger the electromagnetic tripping mechanism to open the dynamic and static contact, thereby cutting off the power supply.
  • the signal amplifying circuit G includes: a resistor R3 and a capacitor C3 disposed on the circuit board.
  • An integrated circuit IC the signal amplifying circuit G receives the signals of the T1 and ⁇ 2, performs detection and amplification, analyzes the correctness of the signal, prevents the occurrence of an erroneous signal, and then transmits the correct signal for detecting amplification to the next stage.
  • Main control circuit F Main control circuit F.
  • the main control circuit F includes: a leakage electric shock ground fault control circuit F1, a neutral ground fault control circuit F2, and a short circuit control circuit F3. Wherein the leakage electric shock ground fault control circuit F1 and the center line Description
  • the ground fault control circuit F2 includes: a thyristor SCR1, a resistor R4, a capacitor C4, and a bridge rectifier circuit DB disposed on the circuit board, wherein the bridge rectifier circuit DB is composed of four diodes, and the leakage
  • the electric shock ground fault control circuit F1 receives the leakage electric shock ground fault signal of the signal amplifying circuit G of the previous stage and loads it onto the thyristor SCR1.
  • the loop gain is maintained so that it can oscillate (this frequency is determined by the transformer self-inductance coefficient of T2 coil 200:1 and C5, C6 and RSENSE), and the resistor RSENSE is set to a feedback resistor of gain and fault sensitivity.
  • the resistor RSENSE Apply the desired error current; Adjust the resistor RSENSE resistance until the thyristor SCR1 triggers. It is also possible to use a fixed resistor as the resistor RSENSE, since a sensitivity change of ⁇ 15 % also satisfies the range of the 4-6 mA specification in UL943.
  • the sensitivity of the neutral ground fault can be adjusted by changing the oscillation frequency.
  • the frequency reduction sensitivity can be increased by reducing the loop gain of the positive feedback circuit. As the frequency increases, the signal is attenuated and the loop gain is reduced.
  • the impedance is 2 ⁇ or less.
  • Amplify protection by integrated circuit It is particularly important that the conduction threshold voltage of the thyristor SCR1 in the technical solution of the present invention is 0.6V, which is faster than the thyristor sensing speed in the prior art, and the thyristor SCR1 makes the next-level circuit unblocked.
  • the trip coil in the electromagnetic trip mechanism is energized to generate a magnetic field instantaneously.
  • the concentrated magnetic force rapidly attracts the movable iron core, and the movable iron core drives the push rod
  • the frame moves rapidly toward the latching direction, and the pusher frame pushes the latch to press the latch spring until the latch is disengaged from the jumper, and the movable contact frame is under gravity
  • Instantly unbalanced one end of the movable contact is quickly dropped into the open slot, and the movable contact and the static contact realize instantaneous separation and cut off circuit to achieve protection purposes;
  • the short circuit control circuit F3 includes: a thyristor (SCR2) disposed on the circuit board, and a resistor R6, a capacitor C7, and a diode D1 ⁇ D4 disposed on the circuit board, and the short circuit control circuit F3
  • SCR2 thyristor
  • R6 resistor
  • C7 capacitor
  • D1 ⁇ D4 diode
  • the thyristor of the present invention (the on-state threshold voltage of the SCR2 is also 0.6V, which is faster than the thyristor sensing speed in the prior art, and the controllable
  • the silicon SCR2 makes the next-stage circuit unblocked, and the trip coil in the electromagnetic trip mechanism is energized to generate a magnetic field instantaneously, and under the action of the yoke, the concentrated magnetic force rapidly sucks the movable iron core,
  • the moving iron core drives the push rod frame to move rapidly toward the locking direction, and the push rod frame pushes the locking buckle to press the locking spring until the locking buckle is disengaged from the jump buckle.
  • the movable contact frame is instantaneously unbalanced under the action of gravity, and one end of the movable contact is quickly dropped into the open groove, and the movable contact and the static contact are instantaneously separated to cut off the load side circuit to realize protection. the goal of.
  • the invention has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, convenient use and humanized design. It has leakage, electric shock, ground fault and neutral ground fault protection function, short circuit protection function, and can simultaneously disconnect the load side fire line and Midline. It also has a waterproof protection function; it does not produce electric sparks, has a long life and is not suitable for heat generation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a trip device in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the overall assembly structure of a portable ground fault circuit breaker
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of an electromagnetic tripping mechanism in a portable ground fault circuit breaker
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a moving contact in a portable ground fault circuit breaker
  • FIG. 6 is a view of the present invention: Portable ground fault circuit breaker Schematic diagram of the base cover structure of the inner casing
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the base structure of the inner casing in the portable ground fault circuit breaker
  • Figure 8 is a circuit diagram of a portable ground fault circuit breaker of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of an improved structure of the portable ground fault circuit breaker embodiment 2; Instruction manual
  • Figure 10 is a circuit schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of a portable ground fault circuit breaker
  • Figure 11 is a circuit diagram of Embodiment 3 of a portable ground fault circuit breaker of the present invention.
  • 101-main casing 101-main casing, 102-inner casing, 103-electromagnetic tripping mechanism, 1-upper cover, 2-base, 3-small bottom cover, 4-seal body, 5-button waterproof seal, 6- Indicator cover, 7-card slot, 8-wire seal ring, 9-wire seal, 10-card, 11-plate, 12-pin, 13-board, 14-pin, 15 - Pin perforation, 16-static contact, 17-static contact, 18-baffle, 19-terminal frame, 20-connector, 21-base, 22-base cover, 23-foot, 24-lever pivot , 25-contact spring, 26-actuator, 27-moving contact, 28-insulated partition, 29-moving contact, 30-trip, 31-lock, 32-rotating shaft, 33-bump , 34-lock spring, 35-reset button mount, 36-mount, 37-reset button, 38-return spring, 39-elastic snap, 40-seal platen, 41-test contact, 42-test Button, 43-high
  • a portable ground fault circuit breaker includes a main casing 101 which is composed of an upper cover 1, a base 2 and a small bottom cover 3.
  • the base 2 and the small bottom cover 3 are hermetically connected to the upper cover 1 through the annular sealing body 4, and a button waterproof seal 5 and an indicator cover 6 are provided on the top of the upper cover 1.
  • a wire seal ring 8 with a card slot 7 is also formed at the end of the upper cover 1.
  • the wire seal 9 is inserted into the wire seal ring 8 through the card 10 disposed thereon. Sealed connection of load wires.
  • a crimping plate 11 is disposed above the inner bottom of the wire seal ring opening 8, that is, the small bottom cover 3, and the crimping plate 11 is fixed to the inside of the upper cover 1 by fasteners to facilitate fixing the output wires.
  • a fixing post 12 is further disposed in the middle of the base 2 for supporting and fixing the circuit board 13, and a pin hole 15 for the pin 14 to pass through is also formed on the base 2, and one end of the pin 14 is placed through the pin hole 15 Outside the base 2, the other end is in contact with the static contact frame 16 soldered on the circuit board 13, and a static contact 17 is further provided on the stationary contact frame 16.
  • the pin 14 includes a power phase line pin L and a power center line pin N, and a ground pin E. The power phase line pin L and the power center line pin N are connected to the two static contact frames 16 on the circuit board 13 to form a power input terminal.
  • a baffle 18 is also provided on the small bottom cover 3, and a bezel 18 is provided with a wiring frame 19 for receiving a load, and a connecting plate 20 is provided on the wiring frame 19.
  • An inner casing 102 is also provided in the main casing 101, and the inner casing 102 is composed of a base 21 and a base cover 22.
  • the base cover 22 is made of polyamide 6 (PA6), which can absorb the arc generated by the closing and prevent circuit accidents.
  • the static contact frame 16 carries the static contacts 17 through the base cover 22 from the two turns of the base cover 22, and is placed in the base cover 22 and is in a suspended state.
  • the base 21 is detachably fixed to the circuit board 13 by three base legs 23 provided at the bottom thereof.
  • a lever fulcrum 24 having a hemispherical shape at the top end is further disposed on the inner bottom surface of the base 21.
  • One end of the contact spring 25 is sleeved on the lever fulcrum 24, and the other end is fixed to the bottom of a movable contact frame 26, and is caused to move.
  • the contact frame 26 is always in an unbalanced state without external force balancing.
  • a movable contact piece 27 is disposed on each of the two movable contacts 26, and the two movable contact pieces 27 are separated from each other by an insulating partition 28.
  • One end of the movable contact piece 27 is provided with a movable contact 29, and the other end passes through
  • the soft connection is connected to the connection board 20 to form a power output terminal that is connected to the load.
  • a jump buckle 30 is further disposed on the movable contact frame 26, and the jump buckle 30 is snap-connected with a lock 31 capable of balancing and urging the movable contact 29 and the fixed contact 17 to perform a split action.
  • the upper end of the latch 31 is suspended from the base cover 22 by a rotating shaft 32, and the lower end thereof is in contact with the electromagnetic trip mechanism 103 hoisted at the outer bottom of the base 21 through the base 21.
  • a protrusion 33 having a slope is formed in the middle of the buckle 31, and the protrusion 33 Description
  • the bottom surface is horizontal to facilitate defining the movement of the buckle 30.
  • the lower end of the latch 31 is bent, and one end of the latch spring 34 is in elastic free contact with the lower end of the latch 31, and the other end is fixed to the base cover 22.
  • a top and bottom transparent reset button holder 35 is formed on the top of the base cover 22 .
  • the reset button fixing seat 35 is further provided with more than one bayonet 36.
  • One end of the reset button 37 is in contact with the movable contact frame 26 through the reset button fixing base 35, and a return spring 38 is further disposed at the end of the reset button 37 in contact with the movable contact frame 26, and the return spring 38 is restricted to the reset button.
  • the holder 35 is mounted to facilitate the rebound of the reset button 37.
  • In the middle of the reset button 37 there is further provided one or more elastic buckles 39 adapted to the bayonet 36.
  • the elastic buckles 39 are designed in an inverted cone shape, which can effectively restrict the reset button 37 while moving downwards.
  • the upper jaw ensures the stability of the closing state; the other end of the reset button 37 passes through a seal platen 40 disposed inside the upper cover 1 and is placed in the button seal 5.
  • test contact piece 41 is further disposed on the base cover 22, and the test contact piece 41 is in elastic contact with the static contact frame 16, one end of the test button 42 is in contact with the test contact piece 41, and the other end is sealed with the button through the seal platen 40 and the button.
  • Piece 5 is connected.
  • the base cover 22 is further provided with a barrel 44 for fixing the high-brightness light-emitting diodes 43.
  • the two holes of the barrel 44 are respectively provided with notches 46 through which the soldering pins 45 pass, and one end of the solder pins 45 is soldered to On the circuit board 13, the other end is connected to the high-brightness light-emitting diode 43 fixed on the barrel 44 through the slot 46, and the high-brightness light-emitting diode 43 is placed in the indicator cover 6 through the seal platen 40.
  • the electromagnetic trip mechanism 103 of the present invention includes a bobbin 47, a trip coil 48 and a yoke 49 provided on the bobbin 47, a movable iron core 50, and a core spring 51 which is sleeved at the end of the movable iron core 50, And a pusher frame 52 that is placed outside the bobbin 47, wherein the bobbin 47 is hoisted on the outsole of the base 21 by fastening means.
  • a boss 53 for placing the pusher frame 52 is further disposed on the bobbin 47. Two of the sides of the pusher frame 52 are placed on the boss 53, and between the boss 53 and the outer bottom of the base 21 Realized in the formed space Description
  • One end of the movable iron core 50 passes through one side of the bobbin 47 and the yoke 49 and is placed in the trip coil 48, and the other end of the movable iron core 50 is placed with the core spring 51 placed outside the trip coil 48, and One end of the pusher frame 52 is connected to the card, and the other end of the pusher frame 52 is in free contact with the lower end of the latch 31.
  • At least one inwardly recessed open groove 54 is formed in the inner bottom surface of the base 21 to facilitate the falling of the movable contact frame 26 to ensure a safe separation of the opening.
  • two limiting blocks 55 extending upwardly and respectively located on both sides of the jump buckle 30 are disposed to limit the horizontal swing of the jump buckle 30 to ensure the safety of the opening and closing.
  • the two frames of the base 21 are also provided with a stop frame 56 for defining the displacement of the movable contact frame 26 and the base cover 22.
  • the present invention preferably provides two pairs of the stop frames 56 on the base 21, the base cover 22 and the base.
  • the 21 card is connected to form the inner casing 102, so that the movable contact 29 and the static contact 17 realize the opening and closing operation in the independent space formed by the inner casing 102, completely eliminating the arc due to the arcing during the closing. 13, and arc interference generated by the electromagnetic trip mechanism 103.
  • a circuit board 13 is provided with a peripheral circuit A, a test circuit 8, a power switch circuit (:, a work indicating circuit D, a detection sensing circuit E, a main control circuit F, and a signal amplifying circuit G, wherein
  • the detecting and sensing circuit E comprises: a leakage electric shock ground fault detecting induction circuit E1, a neutral ground fault detecting circuit E2, and a short circuit detecting circuit E3;
  • the main control circuit F includes: a leakage electric shock ground fault control circuit F1, a neutral ground fault control circuit F2, and Short circuit control circuit F3.
  • the peripheral circuit A includes: a varistor MOV disposed on the circuit board 13, and a power supply phase line L connected to the power source, a power supply neutral line N, and the varistor MOV is connected to the power supply side power supply phase line L and the power supply neutral line N, In order to absorb the pulse voltage in the power grid, the circuit is protected.
  • the test circuit B includes: a test resistor R test, a test switch K twst, and a wire disposed on the circuit board 13, wherein the resistor R test and the wire are on the circuit board 13, and the test switch K twst includes a test Description
  • the check button 42 and the test contact 41 are used to detect the performance integrity of the portable ground fault circuit breaker.
  • the power switch circuit C includes: a double-pole single-throw switch K disposed in the inner casing 102, and an electromagnetic trip mechanism 103 (Solenoid) suspended from the outer bottom of the base 21, directly by the electromagnetic trip mechanism 103 (Solenoid) Controls the breaking of the single-pole double-throw switch K to protect the circuit and load.
  • an electromagnetic trip mechanism 103 Solenoid
  • the work indicating circuit D includes: a current limiting resistor R7 disposed on the circuit board 13, and a high-brightness light emitting diode 43 (DL) connected to the circuit board 13 through the soldering pin 45 for displaying an operating state, when the high-brightness light emitting diode 43 (DL) is lit, indicating normal operation, no light indicates no power, no load on the load.
  • the detection sensing circuit E includes: a leakage electric shock ground fault detecting induction circuit El, a neutral ground fault detecting circuit E2, and a short circuit detecting circuit E3.
  • the leakage electric shock ground fault detecting induction circuit E1 and the neutral ground fault detecting circuit E2 include: a zero-sequence current transformer T1 and a transformer T2 soldered on the circuit board 13, and a power phase line L and a power source passing through T1 and ⁇ 2.
  • the neutral line N also has resistors R1 and R2 capacitors C1 and C2, a resistor R5, and capacitors C5 and C6 soldered on the circuit board 13.
  • the short circuit detecting circuit ⁇ 3 includes: a ring-shaped transformer ⁇ 3 soldered on the circuit board 13, a power supply phase line L passing through the ⁇ 3, and a resistor R6, a capacitor C7, and a diode D1-D4 soldered on the circuit board 13, wherein each The two diodes are connected in series with the tail and tail, connected to the short circuit detection circuit E3, and the forward voltage drop of each diode is 0.7V.
  • T3 detects this signal, performs detection amplification, and is diode D1.
  • the signal amplifying circuit G includes a resistor R3 capacitor C3 disposed on the circuit board 13.
  • the integrated circuit IC, the signal amplifying circuit G receives the signals transmitted by T1, ⁇ 2, and ⁇ 3, performs detection amplification, and analyzes the signal. Description
  • the main control circuit F includes: a leakage electric shock ground fault control circuit Fl, a neutral ground fault control circuit F2, and a short circuit control circuit F3.
  • the leakage electric shock ground fault control circuit F1 and the neutral ground fault control circuit F2 include: a thyristor SCR1 disposed on the circuit board 13, a resistor R4 disposed on the circuit board 13, capacitors C3 and C4, and even bridge rectification.
  • the circuit DB wherein the bridge rectifier circuit DB is composed of four diodes, the leakage electric shock ground fault control circuit F1 and the neutral ground fault control circuit F2, receive the leakage electric shock ground fault and the neutral ground fault signal of the upper level signal amplifying circuit G,
  • the thyristor SCR1 has a conduction threshold voltage of 0.6V, which is faster than the thyristor in the prior art, and is inductively turned on.
  • the silicon-controlled SCR1 makes the next-stage circuit unblocked, and the trip coil 48 in the electromagnetic trip mechanism 103 is energized to generate a magnetic field instantaneously.
  • the concentrated magnetic force rapidly attracts the movable iron core 50, and the moving iron core 50 drives The pusher frame 52 moves rapidly toward the latch 31, and the pusher frame 52 pushes the latch 31 to press the latch spring 34 until the latch 31 is disengaged from the jumper 30.
  • the movable contact frame 26 is instantaneously unbalanced, and one end of the movable contact 29 is quickly dropped into the open groove 54, and the movable contact 29 and the static contact 17 realize the instantaneous separation and cutting off circuit to achieve the purpose of protection;
  • the short-circuit control circuit F3 includes: a thyristor SCR2 disposed on the circuit board 13, a resistor R6 disposed on the circuit board 13, a capacitor C7, and diodes D1 to D4, and the short-circuit control circuit F2 receives the short-circuit signal transmitted by the signal,
  • the thyristor SCR2 has a conduction threshold voltage of 0.6V, which is faster than that of the thyristor in the prior art, and is particularly important in the technical solution of the present invention.
  • the silicon-controlled SCR2 makes the next-stage circuit unblocked, and the trip coil 48 in the electromagnetic trip mechanism 103 is energized to generate a magnetic field instantaneously. Under the action of the yoke 49, the concentrated magnetic force rapidly attracts the movable iron core 50, and the moving iron core 50 drives The pusher frame 52 moves rapidly toward the latch 31, and the pusher frame 52 pushes the latch 31 open.
  • the lock spring 34 is pressed until the buckle 31 is disengaged from the jumper 30. Under the action of gravity, the movable contact frame 26 is instantaneously unbalanced, and one end of the movable contact 29 is quickly dropped into the open groove 54, and the movable contact 29 is The static contact 17 realizes the instantaneous separation and cutting circuit to achieve the purpose of short circuit protection.
  • the contact spring 25 and the lock spring 34 are simultaneously pressed under the push of the reset button 37, and the movable contact frame 26 is slid along the middle slope of the lock 31 with the jump buckle 30 until the jump buckle 30 is over.
  • the protrusion 33 is fastened by the elastic force of the lock spring 34 to the horizontal bottom surface of the protrusion 33 of the middle portion of the buckle 31.
  • the movable contact frame 26 carries the movable contact 29 and
  • the stationary contact 17 suspended in the inner casing 102 is in close contact with each other to achieve closing.
  • the elastic snap 39 on the reset button 37 is seated on the bayonet 36. If the portable ground fault interrupter has been plugged into the power supply, the circuit is turned on. It will be apparent that the present invention can also be turned on by pressing the reset button 37 and then the portable ground fault interrupter is connected to the power source.
  • the detection sensing circuit E When a fault occurs in the circuit such as leakage, electric shock, ground fault, neutral ground fault and short circuit, the detection sensing circuit E first detects the relevant information, and transmits the information to the signal amplifying circuit G, and the signal amplifying circuit G performs detection and amplification. Analyze the correctness of the signal, and then transmit the correct signal to the main control circuit F.
  • the main control circuit F controls the thyristor SCR1 or SCR2 to be turned on, so that the trip coil 48 in the electromagnetic trip mechanism 103 is energized to generate a magnetic field instantaneously.
  • the concentrated magnetic force rapidly sucks the movable iron core 50, and the moving iron core 50 drives the push rod frame 52 to move rapidly toward the lock 31, and the push rod frame 52 pushes the lock 31 upward to press the lock spring 34.
  • the movable contact frame 26 is instantaneously unbalanced under the action of gravity, and one end of the movable contact 29 is quickly dropped into the open slot 54, and the movable contact 29 and the fixed contact 17 are realized. Instantly separate and cut off the circuit for protection purposes.
  • Embodiment 2 as shown in FIG. 9, the second embodiment has no change in the main structure and principle compared with the first embodiment. Therefore, the description of the main body of the embodiment can be referred to the above, and the following The improvement of this embodiment will be described in detail:
  • the improvement of this embodiment is that the movable contact frame 26 is erected on the frame 56 via a fixed shaft 57. That is, the fixed shaft 57 passes through the base cover 22, the movable contact piece 27, and the movable contact frame 26, and the two ends thereof are respectively fixed to the top ends of the baffle frames 56 disposed on both sides of the base 21, and The movable contact piece 27 and the movable contact frame 26 are freely rotated, and the reset button 37 is in contact with the jumper 30. The closing can also be easily accomplished by pressing the reset button 37. This eliminates the contact spring 25 and the lever fulcrum 24, reducing the cost and reducing the weight.
  • Embodiment 3 with reference to FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, the second embodiment has no change on the main structural component as compared with the first embodiment. Therefore, the structural description of the main component of the present embodiment can be referred to as described above. The improvement of this embodiment will be described in detail below:
  • a circuit board 13 is provided with a peripheral circuit A, a test circuit 6, a power switch circuit C, a work indicating circuit D, a detection sensing circuit E, a main control circuit F, and a signal amplifying circuit G, wherein
  • the detecting and sensing circuit E is provided with a leakage electric shock ground fault detecting induction circuit E1 and a neutral ground fault detecting circuit E2, but no short circuit detecting circuit E3 is provided; and the main control circuit F is provided with a leak.
  • the electric shock ground fault control circuit F1 and the neutral ground fault control circuit F2, but the short circuit control circuit F3 is not provided.
  • the peripheral circuit A includes a varistor MOV disposed on the circuit board 13, and a power supply phase line L and a power supply neutral line N connected to the power source.
  • the varistor MOV is connected to the power supply phase line L and the power supply neutral line N for absorption.
  • the pulse voltage in the power grid protects the circuit.
  • the test circuit B includes a test resistor R test, a test switch K twst, and a wire disposed on the circuit board 13, wherein the resistor R test and the wire are soldered on the circuit board 13, and the test switch K twst includes the test button 42 and the test touch
  • the film 41 is used to detect the performance integrity of the portable ground fault circuit breaker.
  • the power switch circuit C includes a single-pole double-throw switch K disposed in the inner casing 102, and an electromagnetic trip mechanism 103 (Solenoid) suspended from the outer bottom of the base 21, and is directly controlled by the electromagnetic trip mechanism 103 (Solenoid).
  • the single-pole double-throw switch K is disconnected to protect the circuit and load.
  • the work indicating circuit D includes a current limiting resistor R7 disposed on the circuit board 13, and a high-brightness light emitting diode 43 (DL) connected to the circuit board 13 through the soldering pin 45 for displaying an operating state, when the high-brightness light emitting diode 43 (DL) is lit, indicating normal operation, no light indicates no power, no load on the load.
  • Leakage electric shock ground fault detection induction circuit E1 and neutral ground fault detection circuit E2 including zero-sequence current transformers T1 and T2 soldered on circuit board 13, and power supply phase line L and power supply line ⁇ through T1 and ⁇ 2, There are a resistor R1 soldered on the circuit board 13, capacitors C1 and C2, a resistor R5, and capacitors C5 and C6.
  • a leakage current, an electric shock ground fault and a neutral ground fault condition occur in the load line, Tl, ⁇ 2 detects this signal, and amplifies and supplies it to the signal amplifying circuit G;
  • the signal amplifying circuit G includes resistors R2 and R3 and a capacitor C3 disposed on the circuit board 13.
  • the integrated circuit IC the signal amplifying circuit G receives the signals sent by T1 and ⁇ 2, performs detection and amplification, analyzes whether the signal is correct or not, prevents the occurrence of an erroneous signal, and then transmits the correct signal for detecting and amplifying to the next stage. Description
  • the leakage electric shock ground fault control circuit F1 and the neutral ground fault detecting circuit F2 include: a thyristor SCR1 disposed on the circuit board 13, and a resistor R4, a capacitor C3, C4, and even a bridge rectifier circuit disposed on the circuit board 13.
  • DB wherein the bridge rectifier circuit DB is composed of 4 diodes, and the leakage electric shock ground fault control circuit F1 receives the leakage electric shock ground fault signal of the previous stage signal amplifying circuit G, loads it onto the thyristor SCR1, and turns it on.
  • the conduction threshold voltage of the thyristor SCR1 is 0.6V, which is faster than the thyristor sensing speed in the prior art, and the thyristor SCR1 allows the next level circuit to be unblocked, and the electromagnetic tripping
  • the trip coil 48 of the mechanism 103 is energized to generate a magnetic field instantaneously.
  • the concentrated magnetic force rapidly attracts the movable iron core 50, and the movable iron core 50 drives the push rod frame 52 to move rapidly toward the lock 31, pushing The lever frame 52 pushes the lock buckle 31 to press the lock spring 34 until the buckle 31 is disengaged from the jumper 30.
  • the movable contact frame 26 Under the action of gravity, the movable contact frame 26 is instantaneously unbalanced, and the movable contact frame 29 has a movable contact 29 Rapidly falls open groove 54, the movable contact 29 and fixed contact 17 separating achieve instant trip circuit to achieve the purpose of protection.

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Abstract

一种便携式接地故障断路器，包括主壳体（101），还包括设于主壳体内由基座（21）和基盖（22）组成的内壳体（102），在内壳体内设置有动触头（29）和静触头（17），静触头悬置于内壳体内，动触头设于失衡动触架（26）上，动触架的一端设有跳扣（30），跳扣与可使动触头与静触头实现分合动作的锁扣（31）相连，锁扣下端穿过基座与设于基座外底的电磁脱扣机构相接触，电磁脱扣机构与设于电路板（13）上的主控电路实现电连接。该接地故障断路器结构简单、体积小、使用方便，同时具有负载侧漏电、触电、接地故障及中线接地故障防护功能、短路保护功能，能同时断开负载侧相线和中线，还具有防水保护功能，不产生电火花，寿命长，散热好。

Description

说 明 书
便携式接地故障断路器 技术领域
本发明涉及电器设备保护装置技术领域， 尤其是涉及一种能够在发生短路、 漏电、 触电、 接地故障和中线接地故障时可以自动分断负载恻电源、 具有防水 等保护功能的便携式接地故障断路器。 背景技术
近来， 由于电器短路所引发的火灾时有发生， 给人们的生命及财产造成了 严重损失。 伴随着科学技术的进一步发展， 人们开始设计使用了一些用于电器 器具设备保护的装置， 但现有的这类装置一般情况下， 保护性能比较差， 使用 范围比较狭窄， 尤其是目前市面上出现的各类保护装置绝大部分不具备短路保 护功能， 或具有短路保护功能而因结构不够合理， 比如不具备灭弧功能， 合闸 时产生电火花， 瞬间损坏电路和负载。 致使使用寿命及综合性能降低。
中国专利号 "ZL 200810147046.0"的发明专利， 也公开了一种具有短路保 护功能的 "防火防漏电保护插头"， 如图 1 (该专利技术中的脱扣装置结构示意 图）、 图 2 (该专利技术的电路原理图） 所示： 其包括安装在基板上的电磁脱扣 装置和多功能保护辅助电路，且动铁芯和套装在其上的各脱扣线圈及骨架均安装 在基板上,一绝缘板固定设置在动触片的中心位置上，一永久磁铁固定安装在绝 缘板的能与插头壳体上的静铁芯吸合的位置上。 当插头的负载端发生过载、 过 压、 漏电、 短路和 /或插头内过热等故障时,保护电路控制动铁芯产生磁力， 该磁 力与永久磁铁的磁力相互排斥， 该排斥力驱动永久磁铁带着绝缘板及动触片向 下运动， 进而迫使动触点与静触点分断， 实现跳闸动作。 说 明 书
上述技术具有灵敏度高、断电速度快（可在 25ms内完成断电,）等显著优点。 但， 其仅利用了电磁脱扣机构原理实现分闸， 电磁脱扣机构存在一个致命性的 不足就是需要一定的保持力，来实现分 /合闸的保持状态。也就是说上述技术中， 永久磁铁在带着动触片离开静触片后， 动铁芯需要一直保持着不断产生一个强 大的与永久磁铁相斥的磁力， 才能确保分闸的安全。 然而， 一旦分闸实现后， 电路中的强大电流将会不复存在， 意味着动铁芯将会随之不断失去磁力， 由于， 上述技术中的动触片与基板固定的一端是具有弹性变形能力的 U形构件， 设置 在该构件上的绝缘板上的永久磁铁， 在没有持续相斥磁力作用的情况下， 极有 可能被静铁芯再次吸引而带着动触片与静触片再次接触实现合闸， 进而造成极 大安全隐患。
另， 结合上述专利技术的电路原理图图 2， 不难看出， 该技术中电磁脱扣机 构的动作是通过一个可控硅来实现的， 不管是短路， 还是过载、 过压、 漏电、 或过热。 这样， 可控硅的负担将会很重， 不仅使用寿命受到影响， 更重要的是， 安全隐患加剧， 尤其是当短路发生时。
上述技术还存在最大的不足是： 动触片、 静触片、 以及安装在基板上的电 磁脱扣装置和多功能保护辅助电路， 均同处于一较小的空间内， 当动触片与静 触片合闸时产生的电弧， 一定会影响甚至会烧毁电磁脱扣装置和多功能保护辅 助电路。
为了解决现有技术所存在的不足， 本案发明人结合自身多年技术经验， 发 明了一种既可以瞬间快速安全分闸， 实现果断切断电路， 又不需要持续电流供 应， 实现杜绝电能损耗， 而且结构紧凑、 科学的， 同样具备过载、 漏电、 触电、 接地故障和中线接地故障、 短路、 防水等多种保护功能的便携式接地故障断路 器。 说 明 书 发明内容
为了实现上述功能， 同时解决现有技术所存在的不足， 本发明提供了一种新 型的将电磁脱扣机理与杠杆机械脱扣机理巧妙而又科学结合的， 具备极高稳定 性能与灵敏度、 不产生电火花、 使用寿命长、 不易发热的便携式接地故障断路 器。
本发明所解决的技术问题采用以下技术方案来实现：
便携式接地故障断路器， 包括一主壳体， 其特征在于： 还包括一种设于所述 主客体内由基座和基盖组成的内壳体， 所述内壳体通过设于所述基座上的座脚 固定于一种被设置于所述主壳体内的电路板上；
至少两个分别带有静触头的静触架焊设于所述电路板上， 并分别置于所 述基盖的两恻， 所述静触头穿过所述基盖的上顶悬置于所述内壳体内；
在所述内壳体内至少两个由绝缘板相互隔开的且带有动触头的动触片分别 设置于一种失衡动触架上， 在所述动触架的一端还设有一种跳扣， 所述跳扣能 与一种起平衡作用且可促使所述动触头与所述静触头实现分合动作的锁扣卡扣 相连；
所述锁扣的上端通过一种旋转轴悬置于所述基盖上， 所述锁扣下端穿过所 述基座与一种设置于所述基座外底部的电磁脱扣机构相接触， 所述电磁脱扣机 构与设于所述电路板上的主控制电路实现电连接。
作为本发明的进一步技术创新在于： 所述电磁脱扣机构包括线圈骨架、 设 于所述线圈骨架上的脱扣线圈和磁轭、 动铁芯、 套置于所述动铁芯一端的铁芯 弹簧、 以及环置于所述线圈骨架外的推杆框， 其中， 所述线圈骨架通过紧固装 置吊装于所述基座的外底上； 说 明 书
在所述线圈骨架上还设置有用以放置所述推杆框的凸台， 所述推杆框的其 中两个边置于所述凸台上， 并在由所述凸台与所述基座外底之间所形成空间内 实现自由往复运动；
所述动铁芯的一端穿过所述线圈骨架和所述磁轭的一边并置于所述脱扣线 圈内， 所述动铁芯的另一端套置着所述铁芯弹簧置于所述脱扣线圈外， 并与所 述推杆框的一端实现卡配相连， 所述推杆框的另一端与所述锁扣的下端自由接 触。
本发明的再进一步技术创新在于： 在所述锁扣的中部形成有一种具有斜面 的凸起， 所述凸起的底面呈水平状， 以便于限定所述跳扣的活动；
所述锁扣的下端呈弯折状， 一种锁扣弹簧的一端与所述锁扣的下端弹性自 由接触， 另一端固定于所述基盖上。
本发明的再进一步技术创新还在于： 在所述基盖上还设有一种内空且上下 通透的复位按钮固定座， 在所述复位按钮固定座上还设有一个以上卡口；
一种复位按钮的一端穿过所述复位按钮固定座与所述动触架相接触， 在所 述复位按钮的该端还套设有一种复位弹簧， 所述复位弹簧限制于所述复位按钮 固定座内；
所述复位按钮的中部还设有一个以上与所述卡口相适配的弹性卡扣， 所述 弹性卡扣呈倒锥状设计， 在便于所述复位按钮下移的同时， 又能有效限制其随 意上窜， 确保合闸状态的稳定；
所述复位按钮的另一端穿过一种被设置于所述主壳体内部的密封件压板， 并置于一种被设置于所述主壳体外的按钮防水密封件内。
本发明的再进一步技术创新还在于： 在所述基盖上还设有试验触片， 所述 试验触片与所述静触架弹性接触， 一种试验按钮的一端与所试验触片相接触， 说 明 书
另一端穿过所述密封件压板与设于所述主壳体外的所述按钮防水密封件相连。
本发明的再进一步技术创新还在于： 在所述基盖上还设有一种用以固定高 亮度发光二极管的桶状体， 在所述桶状体的两侧还分别开设有供焊针穿过的槽 口， 所述焊针的一端焊接于所述电路板上， 另一端穿过所述槽口与固设于所述 桶状体上的高亮度发光二极管相连接；
所述高亮度发光二极管穿过所述密封件压板置于一种被设置在所述主壳体 外的指示灯罩内。
本发明的再进一步技术创新还在于： 在所述基座的内底面上还形成有至少 一个向内凹进的敞口槽， 以便于所述动触架的落入， 确保分闸安全间距；
在所述基座的内底面上还设置有两块向上延展且分别位于所述跳扣两侧的 限位块， 用以限制所述跳扣的水平摆动， 确保分合闸的安全。
本发明的再进一步技术创新还在于： 在所述基座的内底面上还设置有一种 顶端呈半球状的杠杆支点， 一种触头弹簧的一端套置于所述杠杆支点上， 另一 端固定于所述动触架的底部；
在所述基座的两侧还设置有用以限定所述动触架以及所述基盖位移的挡 框， 本技术方案优选设置两对所述挡框于所述基座的两恻， 所述基盖与所述基 座卡配相接形成所述内壳体， 致使所述动触头与所述静触头在由所述内壳体构 成的独立空间内实现分合闸动作， 彻底杜绝因合闸时产生电弧而对所述电路板， 以及所述电磁脱扣机构所产生电弧干扰。
本发明的再进一步技术创新还在于： 所述主壳体由上盖、 底座以及小底盖 组成， 其中， 所述电路板通过一种固定柱设置于所述底座上， 在所述小底盖上 还设有一种挡板， 接入负载的接线端子的一端设置于所述挡板上， 接线端子的 另一端与所述动触片相连接； 说 明 书
所述底座和所述小底盖通过一种环状密封体与所述上盖密闭相连， 所述按 钮防水密封件与所述指示灯罩均设于所述上盖上；
一种压线板通过紧固件吊设于所述上盖上， 并位于所述小底盖的上方， 用 以固定输出导线；
一种导线密封圈通过一种卡置件密闭固设于所述小底盖与所述上盖之间， 负责负载导线的密封连接。
本发明的再进一步技术创新还在于： 在所述电路板上设置有外围电路 A、 试验电路8、 电源开关电路 C、 工作指示电路 D、 检测感应电路 E、 主控制电路 F、 以及信号放大电路 G， 其中， 所述检测感应电路 E包括： 漏电触电接地故障 检测感应电路 El、 中线接地故障检测电路 E2、 及短路检测电路 E3; 所述主控 制电路 F包括： 漏电触电接地故障控制电路 Fl、 中线接地故障控制电路 F2、 及 短路控制电路 F3。
所述外围电路 A， 包括设置于所述电路板上的压敏电阻 MOV、 以及与电源 相连的电源相线 L和电源中线 N，所述压敏电阻 MOV接于所述电源相线 L和 电源中线 N上， 用以吸收电网中脉冲电压， 保护电路安全。
所述试验电路 B， 包括设置于所述电路板上的试验电阻 R test、 试验开关 K twst、 以及导线， 其中， 所述电阻 R test和导线焊在所述电路板上， 所述试验开 关 K twst包括所述试验按钮和所述试验触片， 用来检测便携式接地故障断路器 的性能完好性。
所述电源开关电路 C， 包括设置于所述内壳体内具有自由脱扣机构的双刀 单掷开关 K、 以及吊设于所述基座外底部的电磁脱扣机构 （Solenoid), 由所述 电磁脱扣机构（Solenoid)直接控制所述双刀单掷开关 K的分断， 实现对电路和 负载的保护。 说 明 书
所述工作指示电路 D， 包括设置于所述电路板上的限流电阻 R7， 以及通过 所述焊针与所述电路板相连的所述高亮度发光二极管 DL， 用来显示工作状态， 当所述高亮度发光二极管 DL发亮， 说明正常工作， 不亮说明不通电， 负载没有 电源输出。
所述检测感应电路 E包括： 漏电触电接地故障检测感应电路 El、 中线接地 故障检测电路 E2、及短路检测电路 E3; 其中， 所述漏电触电接地故障检测感应 电路 E1和所述中线接地故障检测感应电路 E2包括： 焊在所述电路板上的零序 电流互感器 T1和 T2、 及穿过所述 T1和 Τ2的电源相线 L和电源中线 Ν、 还 包括有焊接于所述电路板上的电阻 R1与 R2、 电容 C与 C2、 电阻 R5、 电容 C5 与 C6。 当负载线路中发生漏电触电接地故障， 以及中线接地故障情况时， 所述 T1和 T2检测到这个信号， 并进行放大输送给所述信号放大电路 G;
所述短路检测电路 E3包括： 焊接在所述电路板上的环形互感器 T3、 和穿 过所述 Τ3的电源相线 L、 以及焊接在所述电路板上的电阻 R6、 电容 C7、 二极 管 D1-D4, 其中， 每两个二极管首尾串联， 接于所述短路检测电路 E3上， 每个 二极管的正向管压降为 0.7V, 当电路发生短路故障时， 所述 T3检测到此信号， 进行检测， 并由所述二极管 D1-D4限压整流后传输给可控硅触发导通电磁脱扣 机构动作打开动静触头， 从而切断电源。
所述信号放大电路 G包括： 设置于所述电路板上的电阻 R3、 电容 C3。 集 成电路 IC， 所述信号放大电路 G将所述 Tl、 Τ2的信号接收， 进行检测放大， 分析信号的正确与否， 防止出现误信号， 再将检测放大的正确信号输送给下一 级所述主控制电路 F。
所述主控制电路 F包括： 漏电触电接地故障控制电路 Fl、 中线接地故障控制 电路 F2， 及短路控制电路 F3。 其中， 所述漏电触电接地故障控制电路 F1和中线 说 明 书
接地故障控制电路 F2包括： 设置于所述电路板上的可控硅 SCR1、 电阻 R4、 电容 C4、 以及桥式整流电路 DB， 其中所述桥式整流电路 DB由 4个二极管组成， 所述 漏电触电接地故障控制电路 F1将上一级所述信号放大电路 G的漏电触电接地故 障信号接收， 加载到所述可控硅 SCR1上， 当负载线路出现接地故障， 或中线接 地故障振荡频率时，为了保持环路增益以便能振荡（此频率由 T2线圈 200:1 的互 感器自感系数和 C5、 C6和 RSENSE确定），将电阻 RSENSE设置成增益和故障灵 敏度的反馈电阻。 在调整电阻 RSENSE 的时候遵循下面程序： 应用期望的误差 电流； 调整电阻 RSENSE阻值直到所述可控硅 SCR1触发。 同样也可以用固定电 阻作为电阻 RSENSE, 因为 ± 15 %的灵敏度变化也能满足 UL943 中 4-6mA规范 的范围。 中线接地故障灵敏度可以通过改变振荡频率实现可调。 通过减小正反 馈电路环路增益就能增加频率减小敏感度。 当频率增加时， 信号会被衰减， 环 路增益也减弱。 电路发生中线接地故障时， 阻抗为 2 Ω甚至更小。 通过集成电路 放大保护。 尤其重要的是， 本发明技术方案中所述可控硅 SCR1的导通临界电压 是 0.6V, 比现有技术中的可控硅感应速度快， 所述可控硅 SCR1让下一级电路畅 通， 所述电磁脱扣机构中的所述脱扣线圈通电， 瞬间产生磁场， 在所述磁轭作 用下， 集聚的磁力迅速吸动所述动铁芯， 所述动铁芯带动所述推杆框朝向所述 锁扣方向快速移动， 所述推杆框推开所述锁扣， 压迫所述锁扣弹簧， 直至所述 锁扣与所述跳扣脱离， 在重力作用下所述动触架瞬间失衡， 其带有动触头的一 端迅速落入所述敞口槽中， 所述动触头与所述静触头实现瞬间分离切断电路， 实现保护的目的；
所述短路控制电路 F3包括： 设置于所述电路板上的可控硅 （SCR2、 及设 置于所述电路板上的电阻 R6、 电容 C7、 二极管 D1~D4， 所述短路控制电路 F3 将所述信号放大电路 G传输过来的短路信号接收， 加载到所述可控硅 （SCR2 说 明 书
上， 使之导通， 尤其重要的是， 本发明技术方案中所述可控硅（SCR2的导通临 界电压也是 0.6V, 比现有技术中的可控硅感应速度快， 所述可控硅 SCR2让下 一级电路畅通， 所述电磁脱扣机构中的所述脱扣线圈通电， 瞬间产生磁场， 在 所述磁轭作用下， 集聚的磁力迅速吸动所述动铁芯， 所述动铁芯带动所述推杆 框朝向所述锁扣方向快速移动， 所述推杆框推开所述锁扣， 压迫所述锁扣弹簧， 直至所述锁扣与所述跳扣脱离， 在重力作用下所述动触架瞬间失衡， 其带有动 触头的一端迅速落入所述敞口槽中， 所述动触头与所述静触头实现瞬间分离切 断负载侧电路， 实现保护的目的。
本发明具有的有益效果是： 结构简单， 体积小， 使用方便， 外形人体化设 计， 它同时具有漏电、 触电、 接地故障及中线接地故障防护功能、 短路防护功 能， 能同时断开负载侧火线和中线。 还具有防水保护功能； 不产生电火花， 寿 命长， 不宜发热。 附图说明
图 1为现有专利技术中的脱扣装置结构示意图；
图 2为现有专利技术中的电路原理图；
图 3为本发明： 便携式接地故障断路器的整体装配结构示意图；
图 4为本发明： 便携式接地故障断路器中电磁脱扣机构结构示意图； 图 5为本发明： 便携式接地故障断路器中动触头整体结构示意图； 图 6为本发明： 便携式接地故障断路器中内壳体的基盖结构示意图； 图 7为本发明： 便携式接地故障断路器中内壳体的基座结构示意
图 8为本发明： 便携式接地故障断路器的电路原理图；
图 9为本发明： 便携式接地故障断路器实施例 2中改进结构示意图； 说 明 书
图 10为本发明： 便携式接地故障断路器实施例 3的电路原理图；
图 11为本发明： 便携式接地故障断路器实施例 3的电路原理图。
其中： 101-主壳体、 102-内壳体、 103-电磁脱扣机构、 1-上盖、 2-底座、 3- 小底盖、 4-密封体、 5-按钮防水密封件、 6-指示灯罩、 7-卡槽、 8-导线密封圈卡 置口、 9-导线密封圈、 10-卡置件、 11-压线板、 12-固定柱、 13-电路板、 14-插脚、 15-插脚穿孔、 16-静触架、 17-静触头、 18-挡板、 19-接线框、 20-连接板、 21-基 座、 22-基盖、 23-基脚、 24-杠杆支点、 25-触头弹簧、 26-动触架、 27-动触片、 28-绝缘隔板、 29-动触头、 30-跳扣、 31-锁扣、 32-旋转轴、 33-凸起、 34-锁扣弹 簧、 35-复位按钮固定座、 36-卡口、 37-复位按钮、 38-复位弹簧、 39-弹性卡扣、 40-密封件压板、 41-试验触片、 42-试验按钮、 43-高亮度发光二极管、 44-桶状体、 45-焊针、 46-槽口、 47-线圈骨架、 48-脱扣线圈、 49-磁轭、 50-动铁芯、 51-铁芯 弹簧、 52-推杆框、 53-凸台、 54-敞口槽、 55-限位块、 56-挡框。 具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、 创作特征、 达成目的与功效易于明白了解， 下面结合具体图示， 进一歩阐述本发明。
实施例 1， 参照图 3-7所示， 便携式接地故障断路器， 包括主壳体 101， 主 壳体 101由上盖 1、底座 2以及小底盖 3共同组成。其中， 底座 2和小底盖 3通 过环状密封体 4与上盖 1密闭相连，在上盖 1的顶部设有按钮防水密封件 5， 以 及指示灯罩 6。 在上盖 1的末端还开设有带有卡槽 7的导线密封圈卡置口 8， 导 线密封圈 9通过设置于其上的卡置件 10卡置于导线密封圈卡置口 8内， 实现负 载导线的密封连接。 在导线密封圈卡置口 8的内恻亦即小底盖 3的上方设有压 线板 11， 该压线板 11通过紧固件固定于上盖 1的内部， 以便于固定输出导线。 说 明 书
在底座 2的内部中间还设置有固定柱 12， 用以支撑和固定电路板 13， 在底 座 2上还开设有供插脚 14穿过的插脚穿孔 15， 插脚 14的一端穿过插脚穿孔 15 置于底座 2之外， 另一端与焊接在电路板 13上的静触架 16相接触， 在静触架 16上还设有静触头 17。其中， 插脚 14包括电源相线插脚 L和电源中线插脚 N， 以及接地插脚 E。电源相线插脚 L和电源中线插脚 N与电路板 13上的两个静触 架 16对应相接形成电源输入端。
在小底盖 3上还设置有挡板 18，在挡板 18上装配有负责接入负载的接线框 19， 在接线框 19上设置有连接板 20。
在主壳体 101内还设有内壳体 102，内壳体 102由基座 21和基盖 22所构成。 其中， 基盖 22采用聚酰胺 6 (PA6)材质制成， 可以吸收因合闸所产生的电弧， 防止出现电路事故。静触架 16带着静触头 17分别从基盖 22的两恻穿过基盖 22， 伸置于基盖 22内并处于悬空状态。 基座 21通过设置于其底部的三根基脚 23可 自由拆卸地固定在电路板 13上。 在基座 21的内底面上还设置有一顶端呈半球 状的杠杆支点 24， 一种触头弹簧 25的一端套置于杠杆支点 24上， 另一端固定 于一动触架 26的底部， 并致使动触架 26在没有外力平衡作用的情况下始终处 于失衡状态。
在动触架 26的两恻分别设置有一个动触片 27， 两个动触片 27之间通过绝 缘隔板 28相互隔开， 动触片 27的一端设置有动触头 29， 另一端通过软连接与 连接板 20相连， 形成电源输出端， 与负载相连。
在动触架 26上还设有跳扣 30， 跳扣 30与一个能起平衡作用， 且可促使动 触头 29与静触头 17实现分合动作的锁扣 31卡扣相连。 锁扣 31的上端通过旋 转轴 32悬置于基盖 22上， 其下端穿过基座 21与吊装于基座 21外底部的电磁 脱扣机构 103相接触。 在锁扣 31的中部形成有具有斜面的凸起 33， 凸起 33的 说 明 书
底面呈水平状， 以便于限定跳扣 30的活动。 锁扣 31的下端呈弯折状设计， 一 种锁扣弹簧 34的一端与锁扣 31的下端弹性自由接触，另一端固定在基盖 22上。
在基盖 22的上顶还形成有一个上下通透的复位按钮固定座 35，复位按钮固 定座 35上还设有一个以上卡口 36。 复位按钮 37的一端穿过复位按钮固定座 35 与动触架 26相接触， 在复位按钮 37与动触架 26相接触的该端还套设有复位弹 簧 38， 复位弹簧 38被限制于复位按钮固定座 35内， 以便于实现复位按钮 37的 回弹。 在复位按钮 37的中部还设有一个以上与卡口 36相适配的弹性卡扣 39， 弹性卡扣 39呈倒锥状设计， 在便于复位按钮 37下移的同时， 又能有效限制其 随意上窜， 确保合闸状态的稳定； 复位按钮 37的另一端穿过一个被设置在上盖 1内部的密封件压板 40， 并置于按钮密封件 5内。
在基盖 22上还设有试验触片 41， 试验触片 41与静触架 16弹性接触，试验 按钮 42的一端与试验触片 41相接触， 另一端穿过密封件压板 40与按钮防水密 封件 5相连。
在基盖 22上还设有固定高亮度发光二极管 43的桶状体 44，在桶状体 44的 两恻还分别开设有供焊针 45穿过的槽口 46，焊针 45的一端焊接于电路板 13上， 另一端穿过槽口 46与固设于桶状体 44上的高亮度发光二极管 43相连接， 高亮 度发光二极管 43穿过密封件压板 40置于指示灯罩 6内。
本发明中的电磁脱扣机构 103， 包括线圈骨架 47、 设于线圈骨架 47上的脱 扣线圈 48和磁轭 49、动铁芯 50、套置于动铁芯 50—端的铁芯弹簧 51、 以及环 置于线圈骨架 47外的推杆框 52， 其中， 线圈骨架 47通过紧固装置吊装于基座 21的外底上。
在线圈骨架 47上还设置有用以放置推杆框 52的凸台 53，推杆框 52的其中 两个边置于凸台 53上， 并在由凸台 53与基座 21外底之间所形成的空间内实现 说 明 书
自由往复运动。
动铁芯 50的一端穿过线圈骨架 47和磁轭 49的一边并置于脱扣线圈 48内， 动铁芯 50的另一端套置着铁芯弹簧 51置于脱扣线圈 48外， 并与推杆框 52的 一端实现卡配相连， 推杆框 52的另一端与锁扣 31的下端自由接触。
在基座 21的内底面上还形成有至少一个向内凹进的敞口槽 54，以便于动触 架 26的落入， 确保分闸安全间距。
在基座 21的内底面上还设置有两块向上延展且分别位于跳扣 30两侧的限 位块 55， 用以限制跳扣 30的水平摆动， 确保分合闸的安全。
在基座 21的两恻还设置有用以限定动触架 26以及基盖 22位移的挡框 56， 本技术方案优选设置两对挡框 56于基座 21的两恻， 基盖 22与基座 21卡配相 接形成内壳体 102，致使动触头 29与静触头 17在由内壳体 102构成的独立空间 内实现分合闸动作， 彻底杜绝因合闸时产生电弧而对电路板 13， 以及电磁脱扣 机构 103所产生电弧干扰。
参照图 8所示， 在电路板 13上设置有外围电路 A、 试验电路8、 电源开关 电路 (：、 工作指示电路 D、 检测感应电路 E、 主控制电路 F、 以及信号放大电路 G, 其中， 检测感应电路 E包括： 漏电触电接地故障检测感应电路 El、 中线接 地故障检测电路 E2， 及短路检测电路 E3; 主控制电路 F包括： 漏电触电接地故 障控制电路 Fl、 中线接地故障控制电路 F2， 以及短路控制电路 F3。
外围电路 A包括： 设置于电路板 13上的压敏电阻 MOV、 以及与电源相连 的电源相线 L、 电源中线 N， 压敏电阻 MOV接于电源侧电源相线 L和电源中 线 N上， 用以吸收电网中脉冲电压， 保护电路安全。
试验电路 B包括： 设置于电路板 13上的试验电阻 R test、试验开关 K twst、 以及导线， 其中， 电阻 R test和导线悍在电路板 13上， 试验开关 K twst包括试 说 明 书
验按钮 42和试验触片 41， 用来检测便携式接地故障断路器的性能完好性。
电源开关电路 C包括： 设置于内壳体 102内的双刀单掷开关 K、 以及吊设 于基座 21外底部的电磁脱扣机构 103(Solenoid)，由电磁脱扣机构 103(Solenoid) 直接控制单刀双掷开关 K的分断， 实现对电路和负载的保护。
工作指示电路 D包括： 设置于电路板 13上的限流电阻 R7， 以及通过焊针 45与电路板 13相连的高亮度发光二极管 43 (DL)， 用来显示工作状态， 当高亮 度发光二极管 43 (DL)发亮， 说明正常工作， 不亮说明不通电， 负载没有电源 输出。
检测感应电路 E包括： 漏电触电接地故障检测感应电路 El、 中线接地故障 检测电路 E2， 以及短路检测电路 E3。 其中， 漏电触电接地故障检测感应电路 E1和中线接地故障检测电路 E2包括： 焊在电路板 13上的零序电流互感器 T1 和互感器 T2， 及穿过 Tl和 Τ2的电源相线 L和电源中线 N、 还有焊接于电路 板 13上的电阻 R1与 R2电容 C1与 C2、 电阻 R5、 电容 C5与 C6。 当负载线路 中发生漏电、 触电， 接地故障及中线接地故障情况时， Tl、 Τ2检测到这个信 号， 并进行放大输送给信号放大电路 G;
短路检测电路 Ε3包括： 焊接在电路板 13上的环形互感器 Τ3、 和穿过 Τ3 的电源相线 L、 以及焊接在电路板 13上的电阻 R6、 电容 C7、 二极管 D1-D4, 其中， 每两个二极管首尾串联， 接于短路检测电路 E3上， 每个二极管的正向管 压降为 0.7V, 当电路发生短路故障时， T3检测到此信号， 进行检测放大， 并由 所述二极管 D1-D4限压整流后传输可控硅 SCR1 ,可控硅 SCR1触发导通后电磁 脱扣机构动作打开动静触头， 从而切断电源。
信号放大电路 G包括:设置于电路板 13上的电阻 R3电容 C3。集成电路 IC, 信号放大电路 G将 Tl、 Τ2以及 Τ3输送来的信号接收， 进行检测放大， 分析信 说 明 书
号的正确与否， 防止出现误信号， 再将检测放大的正确信号输送给下一级主控 制电路 F。
主控制电路 F包括： 漏电触电接地故障控制电路 Fl、 中线接地故障控制电 路 F2， 及短路控制电路 F3。 其中， 漏电触电接地故障控制电路 F1和中线接地 故障控制电路 F2包括： 设置于电路板 13上的可控硅 SCR1、 及设于电路板 13 上的电阻 R4、 电容 C3与 C4、 乃至桥式整流电路 DB， 其中桥式整流电路 DB 由 4个二极管组成，漏电触电接地故障控制电路 F1和中线接地故障控制电路 F2， 将上一级信号放大电路 G的漏电触电接地故障和中线接地故障信号接收， 加载 到可控硅 SCR1上， 使之导通， 尤其重要的是， 本发明技术方案中可控硅 SCR1 的导通临界电压是 0.6V, 比现有技术中的可控硅感应速度快， 可控硅 SCR1让 下一级电路畅通， 电磁脱扣机构 103中的脱扣线圈 48通电， 瞬间产生磁场， 在 磁轭 49作用下，集聚的磁力迅速吸动动铁芯 50， 动铁芯 50带动推杆框 52朝向 锁扣 31方向快速移动， 推杆框 52推开锁扣 31， 压迫锁扣弹簧 34， 直至锁扣 31 与跳扣 30脱离， 在重力作用下动触架 26瞬间失衡， 其带有动触头 29的一端迅 速落入敞口槽 54中， 动触头 29与静触头 17实现瞬间分离切断电路， 实现保护 的目的；
短路控制电路 F3包括：设置于电路板 13上的可控硅 SCR2、及设置于电路 板 13上的电阻 R6、 电容 C7、 二极管 D1~D4， 短路控制电路 F2将信号传输过 来的短路信号接收， 加载到可控硅 SCR2上， 使之导通， 尤其重要的是， 本发明 技术方案中可控硅 SCR2的导通临界电压也是 0.6V, 比现有技术中的可控硅感 应速度快， 可控硅 SCR2让下一级电路畅通， 电磁脱扣机构 103中的脱扣线圈 48通电， 瞬间产生磁场， 在磁轭 49作用下， 集聚的磁力迅速吸动动铁芯 50， 动铁芯 50带动推杆框 52朝向锁扣 31方向快速移动， 推杆框 52推开锁扣 31， 说 明 书
压迫锁扣弹簧 34，直至锁扣 31与跳扣 30脱离， 在重力作用下动触架 26瞬间失 衡， 其带有动触头 29的一端迅速落入敞口槽 54中， 动触头 29与静触头 17实 现瞬间分离切断电路， 实现短路保护的目的。
下文将进一步阐述本发明创造的工作原理与步骤： 按上述技术方案完成便 携式接地故障断路器的装配， 确保主控制电路 F与电磁脱扣机构 103实现电连 接， 并使便携式接地故障断路器与负载相连。
按下复位按钮 37，在复位按钮 37的推动下触头弹簧 25与锁扣弹簧 34同时 被压迫， 动触架 26带着跳扣 30沿着锁扣 31的中部斜面下滑， 直至跳扣 30越 过凸起 33， 在锁扣弹簧 34的弹力作用下跳扣 30稳固于锁扣 31中部凸起 33的 水平底面， 此时， 在杠杆支点 24的作用下动触架 26带着动触头 29与悬空在内 壳体 102内的静触头 17紧密接触， 实现合闸， 此时， 复位按钮 37上的弹性卡 扣 39卡置于卡口 36上。 如若便携式接地故障断路器己经接入电源， 则电路导 通， 显而易见的是， 本发明创造也可以先按下复位按钮 37实现合闸， 然后再使 便携式接地故障断路器接入电源。
当电路发生漏电、 触电、 接地故障及中线接地故障及短路等故障时， 检测 感应电路 E最先检测到相关信息， 并将该信息传输给信号放大电路 G， 由信号 放大电路 G进行检测放大， 分析信号的正确与否， 然后将正确信号传给主控制 电路 F, 主控制电路 F控制可控硅 SCR1或 SCR2导通， 使得电磁脱扣机构 103 中的脱扣线圈 48通电， 瞬间产生磁场， 在磁轭 49作用下， 集聚的磁力迅速吸 动动铁芯 50， 动铁芯 50带动推杆框 52朝向锁扣 31方向快速移动， 推杆框 52 推开锁扣 31， 压迫锁扣弹簧 34， 直至锁扣 31与跳扣 30脱离， 在重力作用下动 触架 26瞬间失衡， 其带有动触头 29的一端迅速落入敞口槽 54中， 动触头 29 与静触头 17实现瞬间分离切断电路， 实现保护目的。 说 明 书
不难看出的是， 动触架 26在带着动触头 29落入敞口槽 54中以后， 若想回 弹抬升， 其必须克服以下三个阻力： 1、 锁扣 31中部斜面对跳扣 30的阻力； 2、 压迫锁扣弹簧 34的力； 3、 推动复位按钮 37的力。 因此， 一旦动触头 29与静 触头 17实现瞬间分离， 将不可能自动再次回弹实现合闸， 如若合闸必须通过人 工驱使复位按钮 37来实现， 而且合闸动作是在由内壳体 102构成的独立空间内 实现的， 不会对电路板 13或电磁脱扣机构 103带来任何干扰， 分合闸都非常安 全可靠。
实施例 2， 参照图 9所示， 本实施例 2与上述实施例 1相比， 在主体结构及 原理上均没有做出改变， 因此本实施例的主体描述可借鉴上文所述， 以下将详 细描述本实施例的改进之处：
本实施例的改进在于： 将所述动触架 26通过一根固定轴 57架设于所述挡 框 56上。 亦即， 所述固定轴 57穿过所述基盖 22、 动触片 27、 动触架 26， 其两 端分别固定于设置在所述基座 21两边的所述挡框 56的顶端， 并使所述动触片 27与动触架 26实现自由转动， 所述复位按钮 37与所述跳扣 30相接触。按下复 位按钮 37同样可以轻松实现合闸。这样就可以省去触头弹簧 25和杠杆支点 24， 降低成本的同时， 还可以减少重量。
实施例 3， 参照图 10、 11所示， 本实施例 2与上述实施例 1相比， 在主体 结构部件上没有做出改变， 因此本实施例的主体部件结构描述可借鉴上文所述， 以下将详细描述本实施例的改进之处：
本实施例的改进在于： 在电路板 13上设置有外围电路 A、 试验电路6、 电 源开关电路 C、 工作指示电路 D、 检测感应电路 E、 主控制电路 F、 以及信号放 大电路 G， 其中， 检测感应电路 E中设有漏电触电接地故障检测感应电路 E1和 中线接地故障检测电路 E2，但不设置短路检测电路 E3 ;主控制电路 F中设有漏 说 明 书
电触电接地故障控制电路 F1和中线接地故障控制电路 F2，但不设置短路控制电 路 F3。
外围电路 A， 包括设置于电路板 13上的压敏电阻 MOV、 以及与电源相连 的电源相线 L和电源中线 N， 压敏电阻 MOV接于电源相线 L和电源中线 N 上， 用以吸收电网中脉冲电压， 保护电路安全。
试验电路 B， 包括设置于电路板 13上的试验电阻 R test、 试验开关 K twst、 以及导线， 其中， 电阻 R test和导线焊在电路板 13上， 试验开关 K twst包括试 验按钮 42和试验触片 41， 用来检测便携式接地故障断路器的性能完好性。
电源开关电路 C， 包括设置于内壳体 102内的单刀双掷开关 K、 以及吊设 于基座 21外底部的电磁脱扣机构 103(Solenoid)，由电磁脱扣机构 103(Solenoid) 直接控制单刀双掷开关 K的分断， 实现对电路和负载的保护。
工作指示电路 D， 包括设置于电路板 13上的限流电阻 R7， 以及通过焊针 45与电路板 13相连的高亮度发光二极管 43 (DL), 用来显示工作状态， 当高亮 度发光二极管 43 (DL)发亮， 说明正常工作， 不亮说明不通电， 负载没有电源 输出。
漏电触电接地故障检测感应电路 E1和中线接地故障检测电路 E2， 包括焊 在电路板 13上的零序电流互感器 T1和 T2， 及穿过 T1和 Τ2的电源相线 L和 电源中线 Ν、 还有焊接于电路板 13上的电阻 Rl、 电容 C1与 C2、 电阻 R5、 电 容 C5与 C6。当负载线路中发生漏电、触电接地故障和中线接地故障情况时， Tl、 Τ2检测到这个信号， 并进行放大输送给信号放大电路 G;
信号放大电路 G， 包括设置于电路板 13上的电阻 R2与 R3、 电容 C3。 集 成电路 IC， 信号放大电路 G将 Tl、 Τ2输送来的信号接收， 进行检测放大， 分 析信号的正确与否， 防止出现误信号， 再将检测放大的正确信号输送给下一级 说 明 书
主控制电路 F。
漏电触电接地故障控制电路 F1和中线接地故障检测电路 F2， 包括： 设置 于电路板 13上的可控硅 SCR1、 及设于电路板 13上的电阻 R4、 电容 C3、 C4、 乃至桥式整流电路 DB， 其中桥式整流电路 DB由 4个二极管组成， 漏电触电接 地故障控制电路 F1将上一级信号放大电路 G的漏电触电接地故障信号接收，加 载到可控硅 SCR1上，使之导通，尤其重要的是，本发明技术方案中可控硅 SCR1 的导通临界电压是 0.6V, 比现有技术中的可控硅感应速度快， 可控硅 SCR1让 下一级电路畅通， 电磁脱扣机构 103中的脱扣线圈 48通电， 瞬间产生磁场， 在 磁轭 49作用下，集聚的磁力迅速吸动动铁芯 50， 动铁芯 50带动推杆框 52朝向 锁扣 31方向快速移动， 推杆框 52推开锁扣 31， 压迫锁扣弹簧 34， 直至锁扣 31 与跳扣 30脱离， 在重力作用下动触架 26瞬间失衡， 其带有动触头 29的一端迅 速落入敞口槽 54中， 动触头 29与静触头 17实现瞬间分离切断电路， 实现保护 的目的。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。 本行业 的技术人员应该了解， 本发明不受上述实施例的限制， 上述实施例和说明书中 描述的只是说明本发明的原理， 在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下， 本发明 还会有各种变化和改进， 这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。 本 发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 便携式接地故障断路器， 包括主壳体， 其特征在于： 还包括设于所述 主壳体内且由基座和基盖组成的内壳体， 所述内壳体通过设于所述基座上的座 脚固定于被设置在所述主壳体内的电路板上；
至少两个分别带有静触头的静触架设置于所述电路板上， 其中， 所述静触 头穿过所述基盖的上顶悬置于所述内壳体内；
在所述内壳体内至少两个由绝缘板相互隔开的且带有动触头的动触片分别 设置于一种失衡动触架上， 在所述动触架的一端还设有一种跳扣， 所述跳扣能 与一种起平衡作用且可促使所述动触头与所述静触头实现分合动作的锁扣卡扣 相连；
所述锁扣的上端通过一种旋转轴悬置于所述基盖上， 所述锁扣下端穿过所 述基座与一种设置于所述基座外底部的电磁脱扣机构相接触， 所述电磁脱扣机 构与设于所述电路板上的主控制电路实现电连接。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的便携式接地故障断路器， 其特征在于： 所述电磁 脱扣机构包括线圈骨架、 设于所述线圈骨架上的脱扣线圈和磁轭、 动铁芯、 套 置于所述动铁芯一端的铁芯弹簧、 以及环置于所述线圈骨架外的推杆框， 其中， 所述线圈骨架通过紧固装置吊装于所述基座的外底上；
在所述线圈骨架上还设置有用以放置所述推杆框的凸台， 所述推杆框的其 中两个边置于所述凸台上；
所述凸台与所述基座外底之间形成一个可以使所述推杆框自由往复运动的 空间；
所述动铁芯的一端穿过所述线圈骨架和所述磁轭的一边并置于所述脱扣线 圈内， 所述动铁芯的另一端套置着所述铁芯弹簧置于所述脱扣线圈外并与所述 推杆框的一端实现卡配相连； 权 利 要 求 书
所述推杆框的另一端与所述锁扣的下端自由接触。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的便携式接地故障断路器， 其特征在于： 在所述锁 扣的中部形成有一种具有斜面的凸起， 所述凸起的底面呈水平状；
所述锁扣的下端呈弯折状， 一种锁扣弹簧的一端与所述锁扣的下端弹性自 由接触， 另一端固定于所述基盖上。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的便携式接地故障断路器， 其特征在于： 在所述基 盖上还设有内空且上下通透的复位按钮固定座， 在所述复位按钮固定座上还设 有一个以上卡口；
一种复位按钮的一端套置着复位弹簧穿过所述复位按钮固定座与所述动触 架相接触， 另一端穿过一种被设置于所述主壳体内部的密封件压板， 并置于一 种被设置于所述主壳体外的按钮密封件内；
所述复位按钮的中部还设有一个以上与所述卡口相适配的弹性卡扣， 所述 弹性卡扣呈倒锥状设计；
所述复位弹簧限制于所述复位按钮固定座内。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的便携式接地故障断路器， 其特征在于： 在所述基 盖上还设有试验触片， 一种试验按钮的一端与所述试验触片相接触， 另一端穿 过所述密封件压板置于所述按钮密封件内。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的便携式接地故障断路器， 其特征在于： 在所述基 盖上还设有一种固定高亮度发光二极管的桶状体， 在所述桶状体的两侧还开设 有供焊针穿过的槽口， 所述焊针的一端焊接于所述电路板上， 另一端穿过所述 槽口与固设于所述桶状体上的高亮度发光二极管相连接。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的便携式接地故障断路器， 其特征在于： 在所述基 座的内底面上还形成有至少一个向内凹进的敞口槽。 权 利 要 求 书
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的便携式接地故障断路器， 其特征在于： 在所述基 座的内底面上还设置有向上延展且分别位于所述跳扣两侧的限位块。
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的便携式接地故障断路器， 其特征在于： 在所述基 座的内底面上还设置有一种顶端呈半球状的杠杆支点， 一种触头弹簧的一端套 置于所述杠杆支点上， 另一端固定于所述动触架的底部。
10、 根据权利要求 1 所述的便携式接地故障断路器， 其特征在于： 在所述 基座的两侧还设置有用以限定所述动触架以及所述基盖位移的挡框。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的便携式接地故障断路器， 其特征在于： 所述动 触架通过一根固定轴架设于所述挡框上。
12、 根据权利要求 1 所述的便携式接地故障断路器， 其特征在于： 所述主 壳体由上盖、 底座以及小底盖组成， 其中， 所述电路板通过一种固定柱被设置 于所述底座上；
在所述小底盖上还设有挡板， 一种用以接入负载的接线端子的一端设置于 所述挡板上， 所述接线端子的一另端与所述动触片相连接；
在所述小底盖的上方一种压线板被吊设于所述上盖上；
所述底座和所述小底盖通过一环状密封体与所述上盖密闭相连。
13、 根据权利要求 1所述的便携式接地故障断路器， 其特征在于： 在所述 电路板上设置有外围电路 A、 试验电路8、 电源开关电路 C、 工作指示电路 D、 检测感应电路 E、 主控制电路 F、 以及信号放大电路 G， 其中， 所述检测感应电 路 E包括： 漏电触电接地故障检测感应电路 El、 中线接地故障检测电路 E2、 以 及短路检测电路 E3;
所述主控制电路 F包括： 漏电触电接地故障控制电路 Fl、 中线接地故障控 制电路 F2、 以及短路控制电路 F3。
PCT/CN2013/085358 2013-09-24 2013-10-17 便携式接地故障断路器 WO2015043007A1 (zh)

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