WO2015042765A1

WO2015042765A1 - Engine piston material and processing process thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2015042765A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/001655
Authority: WO
Inventors: 解居麟; 郑德本
Original assignee: 龙口市大川活塞有限公司
Priority date: 2013-09-30
Filing date: 2013-12-30
Publication date: 2015-04-02
Also published as: CN103484796A; CN103484796B

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of the automobile piston processing technology. Related are an engine piston material and a processing process thereof. It overcomes a disadvantage of a traditional piston that a cylinder gap is too large to meet a requirement of a new-standard engine. A proportion of each component thereof is: Si: 11-13%, Cu: 1-1.5%, Mg: 0.8-1.5%, Ni: 0.8-1.5%, Mn: 0.3-0.8%, Cr: 0.1-0.3%, Ti: 0.05-0.2%, C: 0.1-0.3%, a rare earth mixture: 0.1-0.3%, Fe<0.7%, Zn<0.3%, Zr-<0.05%, Pb<0.05%, Sn<0.05%, Ca<0.02%, and rest is Al; desired material is obtained by adding trace elements such as Mn, Cr, Ti, C, rare earths and the like on a basis of ZL109 aluminum alloy, and processing using electromagnetic stirring, casting and thermal treatment processes.

Description

Engine piston material and processing method thereof

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an engine piston material and a machining process thereof, which belong to the field of automotive piston machining technology.

s, the air compressor is equipped with a cylinder. The piston and the cylinder require a large clearance of the cylinder. The diesel engine is equipped with a cylinder clearance of 0. 12~0. 20nim, the air compressor is equipped with a cylinder. The gap of the cylinder is 0. 08~0. 07mm, the clearance of the cylinder of the refrigeration compressor is 0. 06~0. 09mm, the clearance of the engine of the motorcycle is 0. 03~0. 07mm) During the operation of the engine, the vibration is large, the noise is large, the emissions are large, the power is difficult to increase, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of the new standard engine.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a conventional piston piston material having a large clearance gap and being difficult to meet the requirements of a new standard engine, and an engine piston material and a machining process thereof.

The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

An engine piston material consisting of the following components: Si: 11 to 13%, Cu: 1-1.5%, Mg: 0.8 to 1.5%, Ni: 0.8 to 1.5%, Μη _: 0.3 to 0.8%, Cr: 0·b 0.3%, Ti: 0.05~0.2%, C: 0.1~0.3%; rare earth mixture: 0.1~0.3%, Fe<0.7%, Zn<0.3%, Zr<0.05%, Pb<0.05%, Sn< 0.05%, Ca < 0.02%, and the rest is Al.

The processing process includes the following steps:

A, Cr intermediate alloy configuration

Take Cr lOKG, A00 aluminum ingot 90KG, heat 820±20°C, keep warm for 8 hours, take out and cast into confirmation 5KG size alloy ingot;

B, Cu intermediate alloy configuration

Take Cu lOKG, A00 aluminum ingot 90KG, heat 840±20 °C, keep warm for 8 hours, take out and cast into 5KG size alloy ingot;

C, Ni intermediate alloy configuration

Take Ni lOKG, A00 aluminum ingot 90KG, heat 850±20 °C, keep warm for 8 hours, take out and cast into 5KG size alloy ingot;

D, Mn intermediate alloy configuration

Take Mn lOKG, A00 aluminum ingot 90KG, heat 840±20 °C, keep warm for 8 hours, take out and cast into 5KG size alloy ingot;

E, rare earth mixture alloy configuration

Take the rare earth mixture 10KG, A00 aluminum ingot 90KG, heat 850±20°C, keep warm for 8 hours, and take out the alloy ingot of 5KG size;

F, aluminum alloy configuration

Add A00 aluminum ingot to the crucible, heat to 780 °C, and sequentially add Si intermediate alloy, Cr intermediate alloy, Cu intermediate alloy, Ni intermediate alloy, Mn intermediate alloy, rare earth mixture alloy, Ti, and continue heating to 840 °C. , heating for 6 hours, turn on the electromagnetic stirrer, stir for 1 hour, add 1% compound phosphorus modifier, the temperature dropped to 760 Ό, add C, Mg according to the ratio, turn on the electromagnetic mixer again, stir for 1 hour, degas with nitrogen for 20 minutes, After the test reaches the performance index, the finished product is obtained.

Further, the performance indicator is:

Hardness (HB): HB110~; HB140;

Mechanical properties: normal temperature 20 ° C > 260 MPa, high temperature 300 ° C > 80 MPa;

Volume stability %: <0.015%;

Linear expansion coefficient 20~300°C: <24 1/°CX 10~6; Metallography: JB/T6289—2005 Level 4.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the engine piston made by the material of the invention can effectively reduce the clearance of the cylinder (the clearance of the cylinder of the diesel engine can be reduced to 0. 05~0. 08mm, the clearance of the air compressor can be reduced to 0 01〜0. 03mm, The engine engine with cylinder clearance can be reduced to 0. 01~0. 03mm), can produce the following benefits: 01~0. 04mm, the refrigeration engine with the cylinder clearance can be reduced to 0. 01~0.

1. Emissions improvement

Due to the small gap between the piston skirt and the cylinder, the sealing of the cylinder of the internal combustion engine is enhanced, the temperature at the end of the compression is increased (generally 18%), and the ignition period after the fuel is blown into the cylinder is reduced, so that the fuel participating in the initial combustion reaction is obtained. The reduction, suppressing the local high temperature of combustion, thus reducing the production of nitrogen oxides (N0X). Due to the high cylinder pressure, it promotes rapid combustion and does not easily generate afterburning, thus reducing hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions.

2, fuel consumption is reduced

Reduce oil consumption by more than 30%, fuel consumption (diesel) 5%~15%. Due to the perfect combustion, the engine economy is improved. For example: A city bus diesel car is calculated based on 8% fuel saving, driving 6,000 kilometers per month, and only fuel costs can save more than 500 yuan per month, such as adding oil consumption and overhaul mileage. Wait. The operating cost of a diesel bus can be reduced by about 10,000 yuan per year. It can be applied to the air compressor of the automobile. The clearance of the cylinder can be reduced to 0.01 to 0. 04mm, and the oil consumption can be reduced by more than 60%.

3. Increased power and torque

As the sealability of the combustion chamber is improved, the power is increased by 7% and the torque is increased by 5%.

4, life extension

Engine life can be extended by more than 2 times. In particular, it is possible to maintain a good emission state for a long period of time and reduce the pollution of the vehicle to the atmosphere. This is not a high level of manufacturing of China's current internal combustion engines, and it is important to discharge a large amount of fuel soon after the engine is used.

detailed description The principles and features of the present invention are described below, and the examples are intended to be illustrative only and not to limit the scope of the invention.

By adding Mn, Cr, Ti, C, rare earth and other trace elements to the ZL109 aluminum alloy, appropriate alloy smelting (ie, electromagnetic stirring), casting and heat treatment processes are used to orthogonally test important elemental composition and important process parameters. , to obtain the following optimal distribution ratio and smelting process plan -

Si: 11 to 13%, Cu: 1 to 1.5%, Mg: 0·8 to 1.5%, Ni: 0.8 to 1.5%, Μη: 0·3 to 0.8%, Cr: 0.1 to 0.3%, Ti: 0.05~0.2%, C: 0.1~0.3%; rare earth mixture: 0.1~0.3%, Fe<0.7%, Zn<0.3%, Zr<0.05%, Pb<0.05%, Sn<0.05%, Ca<0.02%, The rest is Al.

A, Cr intermediate alloy configuration

Take Cr lOKG, A00 aluminum ingot 90KG, heat 820 ± 20 ° C, heat for 8 hours, take out and cast into 5KG size alloy ingot;

B, Cu intermediate alloy configuration

C, Ni intermediate alloy configuration

D, Mn intermediate alloy configuration

E, rare earth mixture alloy configuration

Take the rare earth mixture 10KG, A00 aluminum ingot 90KG, heat 850 ± 20 °C, keep warm for 8 hours, take out and cast into 5KG size alloy ingot; F, aluminum alloy configuration

Add A00 aluminum ingot to the crucible, heat to 780 °C, and sequentially add Si intermediate alloy, Cr intermediate alloy, Cu intermediate alloy, Ni intermediate alloy, Mn intermediate alloy, rare earth mixture alloy, Ti, and continue heating to 840 °C. , heating for 6 hours, turn on the electromagnetic stirrer, stir for 1 hour, add 1% compound phosphorus modifier, the temperature drops to 760 ° C, add according to the ratio (:, Mg, turn on the electromagnetic stirrer again, stir for 1 hour, degas with nitrogen 20 minutes, the hardness reached by the test (HB): HB110~HB140, mechanical properties: normal temperature 20 °C >260MPa, high temperature 300 °C >80 MPa, volume stability%: <0.015%, linear expansion coefficient 20~300 °C : <24 1/°CX 10~6, Metallography: JB/T6289—2005 After four levels, the finished material is obtained.

The addition of Cr to the material not only improves the heat resistance, but also improves the mechanical strength of the material at room temperature and high temperature; nickel has good oxidation resistance, wear resistance, heat resistance, thermal stability, and can be reduced. The coefficient of expansion of the alloy changes; manganese can eliminate the harmful effects of iron, improve high temperature and heat resistance; titanium can not only refine the structure, improve the surface quality of the piston, but also improve the heat resistance and fluidity, thus improving the surface quality of the piston. Is to reduce the piston cold separation. Therefore, it has the advantages of improving the high temperature mechanical properties of the material and improving the surface quality of the piston. The most important mixture of C and rare earths, under electromagnetic stirring, can form a composite self-lubricating substance between metal and non-metal. Due to the presence of lubricating substances, the cylinder specific pressure is greatly reduced and the friction is made. The even grinding surfaces are sufficiently lubricated, and the composition of the lubricating material helps to avoid the occurrence of adhesive wear, thereby avoiding the cylinder being pulled down when the engine is narrowing the gap.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., which are within the spirit and scope of the present invention, should be included in the protection of the present invention. Within the scope.

Claims

claims

1. An engine piston material, characterized by being composed of the following components: Si: 11~13%, Cu: 1.5%, Mg: 0.8~1.5%, Ni: 0.8~1.5%, Mn: 0.3~0 ·8%, Cr: 0.1-0.3%, Ti: 0.05~0.2. /. , C: 0.1~0.3%; rare earth mixture: 0.1-0.3%, Fe<0.7%, Zn<0.3%, Zr<0.05%, Pb<0.05%, Sn<0.05%, Ca<0.02%, the rest is Al.

2. A processing technology for engine piston materials, which is characterized by including the following steps:

A. Cr master alloy configuration

Take 90KG Cr lOKG, A00 aluminum ingot, heat it at 820±20°C, keep it warm for 8 hours, take it out and cast it into a 5KG alloy ingot;

B. Cu master alloy configuration

Take 90KG Cu lOKG, A00 aluminum ingot, heat it at 840±20°C, keep it warm for 8 hours, take it out and cast it into a 5KG alloy ingot;

C. Ni master alloy configuration

Take 90KG Ni lOKG, A00 aluminum ingot, heat it at 850±20°C, keep it warm for 8 hours, take it out and cast it into a 5KG alloy ingot;

D. Mn master alloy configuration

Take Mn lOKG, 90KG A00 aluminum ingot, heat it at 840±20°C, keep it warm for 8 hours, take it out and cast it into a 5KG size alloy ingot;

E. Rare earth mixture alloy configuration

Take 10KG of rare earth mixture and 90KG of A00 aluminum ingot, heat it at 850±20°C, keep it warm for 8 hours, take it out and cast it into a 5KG size alloy ingot;

F. Aluminum alloy configuration

Add A00 aluminum ingot to the crucible, heat it to 780°C, add Si master alloy, Cr master alloy, Cu master alloy, Ni master alloy, Mn master alloy, rare earth mixture alloy, and Ti in order according to the proportion. Continue to heat to 840°C for 6 hours, turn on the electromagnetic mixer, stir for 1 hour, and add 1% compound phosphorus modifier, drop the temperature to 760°C, add C and Mg in proportion, turn on the electromagnetic mixer again, and stir for 1 hour , degas with nitrogen for 20 minutes, and after testing to reach the performance indicators, the finished material is obtained.

3. The processing technology of engine piston material according to claim 2, characterized in that: the performance index is - hardness (HB): HB110~HB140;

Mechanical properties: Normal temperature 20°C >260MPa, high temperature 300°C >80 MPa;

Volume stability%: <0.015%;

Linear expansion coefficient 20~300°C: <24 1/°C X 10~6;

Metallographic: JB/T6289—2005 Level 4.