WO2015040723A1 - 蓄電池システム - Google Patents
蓄電池システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015040723A1 WO2015040723A1 PCT/JP2013/075344 JP2013075344W WO2015040723A1 WO 2015040723 A1 WO2015040723 A1 WO 2015040723A1 JP 2013075344 W JP2013075344 W JP 2013075344W WO 2015040723 A1 WO2015040723 A1 WO 2015040723A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- storage battery
- interlock
- power
- limit threshold
- converter
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
Definitions
- This invention relates to a storage battery system connected to an electric power system.
- the power system is constructed by connecting power generation equipment and load equipment with power transmission and distribution equipment.
- power systems There are various types of power systems ranging from large-scale systems that connect multiple large-scale power plants to many factories, commercial facilities, and homes, to small-scale systems built within specific facilities. To do.
- EMS energy management system
- any scale power system an energy management system (EMS) that manages the power supply and demand of the entire power system is provided, and the power supply by the power generation facility and the power demand by the load facility are balanced by EMS. It has been broken.
- the storage battery system is connected to the power system as described above, and is used as one means for balancing power supply and demand.
- large-capacity storage batteries such as lithium-ion batteries and sodium-sulfur batteries.
- An example of a suitable use of such a storage battery system is a combination with a power generation facility using natural energy such as sunlight or wind power.
- Power generation facilities using natural energy are being widely introduced in response to the recent increase in awareness of energy problems and environmental problems.
- a power generation facility using natural energy has a disadvantage in that stable power supply cannot be performed because generated power is easily influenced by natural factors such as season and weather.
- the storage battery system is a system that can compensate for this shortcoming, and it is possible to perform stable power supply by combining the storage battery system with a power generation facility that uses natural energy.
- the storage battery system When the storage battery system is connected to the power system, the operation of the storage battery system is managed by the EMS described above.
- the storage battery system includes an AC / DC converter (PCS) connected to the storage battery.
- the PCS has a function of converting AC power of the power system into DC power and charging the storage battery, and a function of converting DC power of the storage battery into AC power and discharging it to the power system.
- a charge / discharge request is supplied from the EMS to the PCS, and the PCS operates according to the charge / discharge request, whereby charging from the power system to the storage battery or discharging from the storage battery to the power system is achieved.
- FIG. 9 of Patent Document 1 shows an example of a storage battery system connected to an electric power system.
- a storage battery monitoring device (hereinafter also referred to as BMU) for monitoring the state is attached to the storage battery.
- Items monitored by the BMU include a current value, a voltage value, a temperature, and the like, and these are measured by a sensor included in the BMU.
- the BMU detects an abnormality of the storage battery from the current value, voltage value, temperature, and the like.
- conventionally proposed storage battery systems perform an interlock process based on a serious failure signal indicating overcharge, overdischarge, temperature abnormality, etc. from the BMU.
- a serious fault signal is output from the BMU, the battery is in a considerable overload state.
- a lithium ion battery is a storage battery in which a flammable organic solvent is used as an electrolyte, and a high voltage and a large current flow.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a storage battery system in which the safety of the interlock process is improved.
- the storage battery system according to the present invention is configured as follows.
- the storage battery system according to the present invention is connected to an electric power system and is configured to operate based on a charge / discharge request from an energy management system that manages power supply and demand of the electric power system.
- an energy management system that manages power supply and demand of the electric power system.
- the storage battery system includes a storage battery, a storage battery monitoring device, an AC / DC conversion device, and a control device.
- a storage battery may be comprised by the single storage battery cell, and may be comprised as the aggregate
- a large-capacity storage battery such as a lithium ion battery, a sodium sulfur battery, or a nickel metal hydride battery is preferable.
- the storage battery monitoring device is a device that monitors the state of the storage battery constantly or at a predetermined cycle.
- Examples of monitoring items by the storage battery monitoring device include state quantities such as current, voltage, and temperature. In terms of voltage, when the storage battery is composed of a plurality of cells, it is preferable to monitor the voltage for each cell.
- the storage battery monitoring device measures a state quantity, which is a monitoring item, at all times or at a predetermined cycle by a sensor, and outputs part or all of the obtained data to the outside as storage battery information.
- a storage battery monitoring device detects a major failure such as overcharge, overdischarge, or temperature abnormality of the storage battery from the current value, voltage value, temperature, etc.
- the contactor that connects the AC / DC converter and the storage battery is opened.
- a BMU upper limit threshold and a BMU lower limit threshold are set for state quantities such as current, voltage, and temperature, respectively.
- the storage battery monitoring device determines that overcharge has occurred when the voltage value of the storage battery is higher than the BMU upper limit threshold, and determines that overdischarge has occurred when lower than the BMU lower limit threshold.
- the current value, temperature, etc. can be similarly determined.
- the storage battery monitoring device performs an interlock process for forcibly opening the contactor that connects the AC / DC converter and the storage battery.
- the AC / DC converter is a device that connects the storage battery to the power system, converts the AC power of the power system to DC power and charges the storage battery, and converts the DC power of the storage battery to AC power and discharges it to the power system. It has the function to do.
- the AC / DC converter is also called a power conditioner, and the amount of charge power to the storage battery and the amount of discharge power from the storage battery are adjusted by the AC / DC converter.
- the AC / DC converter refers to the output value of the sensor in the adjustment of the charge power amount and the discharge power amount.
- This sensor is a sensor that measures a physical quantity related to the amount of charge power and the amount of discharge power, and includes, for example, a current sensor and a voltage sensor.
- the control device is a device interposed between the energy management system and the AC / DC converter.
- the control device receives a charge / discharge request supplied from the energy management system to the storage battery system.
- the control device is configured to receive the storage battery information supplied from the storage battery monitoring device together with the charge / discharge request, and to control the AC / DC converter based on the charge / discharge request and the storage battery information.
- the control device includes an interlock processing unit.
- An interlock process part is comprised so that when the abnormality of a storage battery system is detected, the interlock process according to the content of the detected abnormality is performed.
- the interlock processing unit is configured to detect an abnormality of the storage battery system based on at least one of storage battery information supplied from the storage battery monitoring device and AC / DC conversion device information supplied from the AC / DC conversion device.
- the abnormality of the storage battery system detected in the interlock processing unit means a failure that is less than a serious failure detected in the storage battery monitoring device.
- the interlock processing unit is preferably configured to include a process of stopping output of a charge / discharge command to the AC / DC converter as the interlock process.
- the charge power and discharge power instruction values become zero, and the AC / DC converter stops the charge / discharge operation.
- an interlock process part is comprised so that the process which outputs a trip command with respect to an AC / DC converter may be included as an interlock process.
- the interlock processing unit is preferably configured to include a process of opening a contactor connecting the AC / DC converter and the storage battery as the interlock process.
- an FBCS upper limit threshold and an FBCS lower limit threshold are set in the interlock processing unit for state quantities such as current, voltage, and temperature, respectively.
- the FBCS upper limit threshold is set lower than the BMU upper limit threshold.
- the FBCS lower limit threshold is set lower than the BMU lower limit threshold.
- the interlock processing unit determines that overcharge has occurred when the voltage value included in the storage battery information or the AC / DC converter information is higher than the FBCS upper limit threshold, and when the voltage value is lower than the FBCS lower limit threshold, Judge that discharge is occurring.
- the current value, temperature, etc. can be similarly determined.
- the interlock processing unit determines that any abnormality has occurred, at least one interlock such as the output stop of the charge / discharge command, trip command output, contactor release, etc., described above, depending on the content of the abnormality. Apply processing.
- the content of the abnormality is set in advance based on the type of detection parameter, the number of detection parameters in which an abnormality has occurred, the amount of deviation between the detection value and the threshold value, and the like.
- the storage battery system of the present invention it is possible to provide a storage battery system that improves the safety of the interlock process.
- Embodiment 1 is a block diagram of a system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is a flowchart of the control routine which the storage battery system 10 performs in order to implement
- FIG. 1 is a conceptual configuration diagram for explaining a system configuration according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- a storage battery system 10 shown in FIG. 1 is connected to a power transmission facility 20 of a power system.
- the power system includes power transmission equipment 20, power generation equipment (not shown) connected to the power transmission equipment 20, and load equipment (not shown) connected to the power transmission equipment 20.
- the storage battery system 10 is connected to a remote energy management system (hereinafter referred to as EMS) 30 by a computer network 40.
- the EMS 30 manages the power supply and demand of the power system such as the power generation amount of the power generation facility, the charge / discharge amount of the storage battery system 10, and the power reception amount of the load facility.
- the storage battery system 10 includes an AC / DC converter (hereinafter referred to as PCS) 100, a front battery control station panel (hereinafter referred to as FBCS panel) 120, and a storage battery panel 140.
- PCS AC / DC converter
- FBCS panel front battery control station panel
- storage battery panel 140 storage battery panel 140
- one FBCS panel 120 is connected to one PCS 100
- a plurality of storage battery panels 140 are connected in parallel to one FBCS panel 120.
- the storage battery panel 140 has three rows, but this is merely an example.
- the number of parallel storage battery panels 140 is determined based on the specifications of the PCS 100. Therefore, the parallel number of the storage battery panels 140 may be one row.
- the storage battery system 10 includes one PCS 100, but this is merely an example.
- the number of parallel PCSs 100 is determined based on the specifications of the storage battery system 10. Therefore, the parallel number of PCS100 may become plural.
- the storage battery panel 140 includes a fuse 141, a contactor 142, a storage battery module 143, and a storage battery monitoring device (hereinafter referred to as BMU: Battery Management Unit) 144.
- the storage battery module 143 is a module in which a plurality of cells are connected in series. Each cell is a lithium ion battery (LiB).
- the storage battery module 143 is connected to the FBCS panel 120 by a power transmission line via the contactor 142 and the fuse 141.
- the storage battery module 143 is connected to the BMU 144 by a signal line.
- the BMU 144 is connected to the control device 130 on the FBCS board 120 via the computer network 50 and is connected to the contactor 142 via a signal line.
- the BMU 144 monitors the state of the storage battery module 143.
- the BMU 144 includes a current sensor (not shown), a voltage sensor (not shown), and a temperature sensor (not shown) as means for measuring the state quantity of the storage battery module 143.
- the current flowing through the storage battery module 143 is measured by the current sensor.
- the voltage of each cell is measured by a voltage sensor provided for each cell.
- the temperature of the storage battery module 143 is measured by the temperature sensor.
- These sensors do not necessarily have to be in the BMU 144 housing. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which these sensors attached to the storage battery module 143 and the BMU 144 are connected by a signal line. Moreover, monitoring of the storage battery module 143 by BMU144 is always performed.
- the constant monitoring in the present embodiment is a concept including not only an operation of capturing a continuous signal from a sensor but also an operation of capturing a sensor signal at a predetermined short cycle.
- the BMU 144 transmits storage battery information including information obtained by measurement by each sensor to the control device 130.
- the contactor 142 is disposed between the fuse 141 and the storage battery module 143.
- the contactor 142 receives a closing signal
- the contact is turned on and turned on.
- the contactor 142 receives the opening signal
- the contact is turned OFF and opened.
- the closing signal is a current greater than or equal to a predetermined value [A]
- the release signal is a current less than a predetermined value [A].
- the FBCS panel 120 is connected to the storage battery panel 140 and the PCS 100. Specifically, each storage battery panel 140 is connected to the FBCS panel 120 by an individual power transmission line. The individual transmission lines merge inside the FBCS panel and are connected to a thicker transmission line. The merged power transmission line is connected to the PCS 100.
- the FBCS board 120 includes a control device 130.
- the control device 130 includes, for example, a memory including a ROM and a RAM, an input / output interface that inputs and outputs various types of information, and a processor that can execute various types of arithmetic processing based on the various types of information.
- the control device 130 is connected to the EMS 30 via the computer network 40, to the BMU 144 via the computer network 50, and to the PCS 100 via the computer network 60.
- the control device 130 is connected to the contactor 142 by a signal line.
- the control device 130 plays the role of a command tower that issues a charge / discharge command to the PCS 100.
- the control device 130 receives the charge / discharge request transmitted from the EMS 30 and the storage battery information transmitted from the BMU 144.
- the charge / discharge request includes a request regarding active power and reactive power to be charged / discharged by the PCS 100.
- the charge / discharge request includes a specific request that indicates a specific amount of electric power by a numerical value and an abstract request that requires the charge / discharge power to be maximized.
- the control device 130 determines a charge / discharge command (corresponding to the charge / discharge amount [kW]) for the PCS 100 based on the charge / discharge request and the storage battery information, and transmits it to the PCS 100.
- the control device 130 has a function of safely and maximally controlling the performance and life of the storage battery module 143, a function of outputting a trip signal to the PCS 100, a function of turning on and opening the contactor 142, and the like
- the PCS 100 is connected to the power transmission facility 20 by a power transmission line via a transformer.
- the PCS 100 includes a charging function that converts AC power of the power system into DC power and charges the storage battery module 143, and a discharging function that converts DC power of the storage battery module 143 into AC power and discharges it to the power system.
- the amount of electric power charged into the storage battery module 143 and the amount of electric power discharged from the storage battery module 143 are adjusted by the PCS 100.
- the adjustment of the charge / discharge power amount by the PCS 100 is performed according to a charge / discharge instruction supplied from the control device 130.
- the PCS 100 includes a current sensor (not shown) and a voltage sensor (not shown). With the current sensor, the current charged in the storage battery module 143 or discharged from the storage battery module 143 is measured. The voltage of the storage battery module 143 to be charged or discharged is measured by the voltage sensor.
- the PCS 100 refers to the output values of these sensors and adjusts the charge / discharge power amount. Further, the PCS 100 transmits the output values of these sensors to the control device 130 as AC / DC converter information.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the block which shows the control apparatus 130 in FIG. 2, some of the various functions with which the control apparatus 130 is provided is represented by the block. Computing resources are allocated to each of these blocks.
- a program corresponding to each block is prepared in the control device 130, and the function of each block is realized in the control device 130 by executing them by a processor.
- the control device 130 receives a charge / discharge request from the EMS 30 and receives storage battery information from the BMU 144. Control device 130 determines a charge / discharge command based on the charge / discharge request and storage battery information, and transmits the charge / discharge command to PCS 100.
- the control device 130 has an interlock function, which is handled by the interlock processing unit 131. In order to operate the storage battery safely, management of voltage, current, and temperature is important.
- the storage battery system 10 includes a hardware interlock that forcibly opens the contactor 142 when the BMU 144 detects a major failure such as overdischarge, overcharge, or temperature abnormality.
- a BMU upper limit threshold and a BMU lower limit threshold are set in the BMU 144 for state quantities such as current, voltage, and temperature, respectively.
- the BMU 144 determines that overcharge has occurred when the voltage value of the cell is higher than the BMU upper limit threshold, and determines that overdischarge has occurred when lower than the BMU lower limit threshold.
- the current value, temperature, etc. can be similarly determined.
- the BMU 144 determines that any serious failure has occurred, the BMU 144 performs an interlock process for forcibly opening the contactor connecting the PCS 100 and the storage battery module 143.
- the interlock processing unit 131 of the control device 130 detects an abnormality of the storage battery system 10 and software. Control by interlock is executed.
- the abnormality of the storage battery system 10 detected in the interlock processing unit means a failure lower in degree than the serious failure detected in the BMU 144.
- the interlock processing unit 131 first stops outputting the charge / discharge command to the PCS 100, outputs a trip command to the PCS 100, and outputs an opening signal for opening the contactor 142.
- the output of the charge / discharge command is stopped, the instruction values for the charge power amount and the discharge power amount become zero, and the PCS 100 stops the charge / discharge operation.
- the PCS 100 shuts off its own circuit.
- an opening signal a closing signal OFF
- the contactor 142 is forcibly opened.
- an FBCS upper limit threshold and an FBCS lower limit threshold are set for state quantities such as current, voltage, and temperature, respectively.
- the FBCS upper limit threshold is set lower than the BMU upper limit threshold.
- the FBCS lower limit threshold is set lower than the BMU lower limit threshold.
- the interlock processing unit 131 determines that overcharge has occurred when the voltage value included in the storage battery information or the AC / DC converter information is higher than the FBCS upper limit threshold, and when the voltage value is lower than the FBCS lower limit threshold. Judge that overdischarge has occurred. The current value, temperature, etc. can be similarly determined.
- the interlock processing unit 131 determines at least one of the above-described charge / discharge command output stop, trip command output, contactor release, and the like according to the content of the abnormality. Apply lock processing.
- the content of the abnormality is set in advance based on the type of detection parameter, the number of detection parameters in which an abnormality has occurred, the amount of deviation between the detection value and the threshold value, and the like.
- the FBCS upper limit threshold is set lower than the BMU upper limit threshold
- the FBCS lower limit threshold is set lower than the BMU lower limit threshold. Therefore, the interlock processing unit 131 can execute control by software interlock prior to hardware interlock by the BMU 144. Therefore, a serious failure of the storage battery module 143 can be suppressed in advance.
- interlock processing unit 131 it is possible to more reliably prevent a serious abnormality from occurring by performing multiple interlock processing such as output stop of the charge / discharge command to the PCS 100, trip command output to the PCS 100, and contactor release. can do.
- the contactor 142 is forcibly opened by the hardware interlock by the BMU 144. Therefore, the safety of the storage battery system 10 is ensured twice by the software interlock by the control device 130 and the hardware interlock by the BMU 144.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a control routine executed by storage battery system 10 to realize the interlock function in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 shows software interlock processing based on the storage battery information supplied from the BMU 144.
- the processing of the control device 130 shown in this flowchart is processing realized by the function of the interlock processing unit 131.
- a program for executing the processing of the flowchart shown in FIG. 3 is stored in the memory of the control device 130, and the processing shown in FIG. 3 is realized by the processor of the control device 130 reading and executing the program.
- the BMU 144 always acquires storage battery information using the various sensors described above (step S301).
- the storage battery information includes the current flowing through the storage battery module 143, the voltage of each cell, and the temperature of the storage battery module 143.
- the BMU 144 transmits the acquired storage battery information to the control device 130 (step S302).
- the control device 130 receives the storage battery information transmitted from the BMU 144 (step S101). The following processes in control device 130 are executed each time storage battery information is received.
- control device 130 (interlock processing unit 131) stores an FBCS upper limit threshold and an FBCS lower limit threshold for state quantities such as current, voltage, and temperature included in the storage battery information.
- the control device 130 compares each state quantity with the FBCS upper limit threshold and the FBCS lower limit threshold (step S102).
- the control device 130 detects an abnormality of the storage battery system 10 when any one of the respective state quantities is larger than the FBCS upper limit threshold or when any one of the respective state quantities is smaller than the FBCS lower limit threshold (step) S103). If an abnormality is detected, the process proceeds to step S104. If no abnormality is detected, the process returns to step S101 and waits for the next storage battery information to be acquired.
- control device 130 transmits a command for prohibiting charging / discharging to the PCS 100 (step S104).
- the PCS 100 receives a command for prohibiting charging / discharging transmitted from the control device 130 (step S201).
- the PCS 100 stops the charge / discharge operation (step S202).
- the control device 130 transmits a trip command to the PCS 100 after the process of step S104 (step S105).
- the PCS 100 receives the trip command transmitted from the control device 130 (step S203).
- the PCS 100 shuts off its own circuit (step S204).
- control apparatus 130 outputs the open signal which opens the contactor 142 after the process of step S105 (step S106).
- the contactor 142 receives the opening signal and the contact is turned OFF to open (step S401).
- control device 130 is arranged on the FBCS panel 120, but the arrangement position of the control device 130 is not limited to this. For example, it is good also as arrange
- Embodiment 2 FIG. [Overall Configuration of Embodiment 2] Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The system of the present embodiment can be realized by causing the ECU 50 to execute the routine of FIG. 4 described later in the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the control device 130 detects an abnormality of the storage battery system 10 based only on the storage battery information supplied from the BMU 144, and performs the interlock process.
- the abnormality detection method of the storage battery system 10 is not limited to this.
- the control device 130 detects an abnormality in the storage battery system 10 based on the storage battery information and the AC / DC converter information supplied from the PCS 100.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a control routine executed by storage battery system 10 to realize the interlock function in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a software interlock process based on storage battery information supplied from the BMU 144 and AC / DC converter information supplied from the PCS 100.
- the processing of the control device 130 shown in this flowchart is processing realized by the function of the interlock processing unit 131.
- a program for executing the processing of the flowchart shown in FIG. 4 is stored in the memory of the control device 130, and the processing shown in FIG. 4 is realized by the processor of the control device 130 reading and executing the program.
- the PCS 100 always acquires the AC / DC converter information using the various sensors described above (step S211).
- the AC / DC storage battery information includes the current flowing through the storage battery module 143 and the voltage of the storage battery module 143.
- the PCS 100 transmits the acquired AC / DC converter information to the control device 130 (step S212).
- the BMU 144 always acquires storage battery information using the various sensors described above (step S301).
- the storage battery information includes the current flowing through the storage battery module 143, the voltage of each cell, and the temperature of the storage battery module 143. Thereafter, the BMU 144 transmits the acquired storage battery information to the control device 130 (step S302).
- the control device 130 receives the AC / DC converter information transmitted from the PCS 100 and the storage battery information transmitted from the BMU 144 (step S111). In addition, the following processes in the control device 130 are executed every time AC / DC converter information and storage battery information are received.
- control device 130 stores the FBCS upper limit threshold and the FBCS lower limit threshold for the state quantities of the storage battery, respectively.
- Control device 130 compares each state quantity included in the AC / DC converter information and the storage battery information with the FBCS upper limit threshold and the FBCS lower limit threshold (step S112).
- the control device 130 detects an abnormality of the storage battery system 10 when any one of the respective state quantities is larger than the FBCS upper limit threshold or when any one of the respective state quantities is smaller than the FBCS lower limit threshold (step) S113).
- the abnormality diagnosis method in the processing of steps S112 and S113 is not limited to this. Compared with the state quantity (for example, the voltage of the storage battery module 143) included in the AC / DC converter information and the state quantity (the total voltage of the cells constituting the storage battery module 143) included in the storage battery information, the error is outside the allowable range. In some cases, an abnormality may be detected.
- step S104 If an abnormality is detected, the process proceeds to step S104. If no abnormality is detected, the process returns to step S101 to obtain the next AC / DC converter information and the next storage battery information. wait.
- control device 130 transmits a command for prohibiting charging / discharging to the PCS 100 (step S104).
- the PCS 100 receives a command for prohibiting charging / discharging transmitted from the control device 130 (step S201).
- the PCS 100 stops the charge / discharge operation (step S202).
- the control device 130 transmits a trip command to the PCS 100 after the process of step S104 (step S105).
- the PCS 100 receives the trip command transmitted from the control device 130 (step S203).
- the PCS 100 shuts off its own circuit (step S204).
- the interlock function described in the first embodiment can be realized, and the same effect as the system in the first embodiment can be obtained. .
- the output stop of the charge / discharge command and the trip command output are performed as the interlock processing, but the present invention is not limited to this. Any one of the interlock processes may be performed. Further, the contactor may be released as an interlock process.
- Embodiment 3 FIG. [Overall Configuration of Embodiment 3] Next, Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
- the system of the present embodiment can be realized by causing the ECU 50 to execute the routine of FIG. 5 described later in the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the control device 130 detects an abnormality of the storage battery system 10 based on the storage battery information supplied from the BMU 144, and performs the interlock process.
- the abnormality detection method of the system 10 is not limited to this.
- the control device 130 detects an abnormality in the storage battery system 10 based on the AC / DC conversion device information supplied from the PCS 100.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a control routine executed by storage battery system 10 to realize the interlock function in the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 shows software interlock processing based on the AC / DC converter information supplied from the PCS 100.
- the processing of the control device 130 shown in this flowchart is processing realized by the function of the interlock processing unit 131.
- a program for executing the processing of the flowchart shown in FIG. 5 is stored in the memory of the control device 130, and the processing shown in FIG. 5 is realized by the processor of the control device 130 reading and executing the program.
- the PCS 100 always acquires the AC / DC converter information using the various sensors described above (step S211).
- the AC / DC storage battery information includes the current flowing through the storage battery module 143 and the voltage of the storage battery module 143.
- the PCS 100 transmits the acquired AC / DC converter information to the control device 130 (step S212).
- the control device 130 receives the AC / DC converter information transmitted from the PCS 100 (step S121). The following processes in the control device 130 are executed every time AC / DC converter information is received.
- control device 130 stores the FBCS upper limit threshold and the FBCS lower limit threshold for the state quantities of the storage battery, respectively.
- Control device 130 compares each state quantity included in the AC / DC converter information with the FBCS upper limit threshold and the FBCS lower limit threshold (step S122).
- the control device 130 detects an abnormality of the storage battery system 10 when any one of the respective state quantities is larger than the FBCS upper limit threshold or when any one of the respective state quantities is smaller than the FBCS lower limit threshold (step) S123).
- step S104 If an abnormality is detected, the process proceeds to step S104. If no abnormality is detected, the process returns to step S101 and waits for the next storage battery information to be acquired.
- control device 130 transmits a command for prohibiting charging / discharging to the PCS 100 (step S104).
- the PCS 100 receives a command for prohibiting charging / discharging transmitted from the control device 130 (step S201).
- the PCS 100 stops the charge / discharge operation (step S202).
- the control device 130 transmits a trip command to the PCS 100 after the process of step S104 (step S105).
- the PCS 100 receives the trip command transmitted from the control device 130 (step S203).
- the PCS 100 shuts off its own circuit (step S204).
- the interlock function described in the first embodiment can be realized, and the same effect as the system in the first embodiment can be obtained. .
- the output stop of the charge / discharge command and the trip command output are performed as the interlock processing.
- the present invention is not limited to this. Any one of the interlock processes may be performed. Further, the contactor may be released as an interlock process.
- Storage Battery System 20 Power Transmission Equipment 30 Energy Management System (EMS) 40, 50, 60 Computer network 100 AC / DC converter (PCS) 120 FBCS panel 130 Control unit 131 Interlock processing unit 140 Storage battery panel 141 Fuse 142 Contactor 143 Storage battery module 144 Storage battery monitoring device (BMU)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
[実施の形態1の全体構成]
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1に係るシステム構成を説明するための概念構成図である。図1に示す蓄電池システム10は、電力系統の送電設備20に接続される。電力系統には、送電設備20の他、送電設備20に接続された発電設備(図示省略)、送電設備20に接続された負荷設備(図示省略)が含まれる。蓄電池システム10は、コンピュータネットワーク40により遠方のエネルギマネジメントシステム(以下、EMS)30に接続される。EMS30は、発電設備の発電量、蓄電池システム10の充放電量、負荷設備の受電量など、電力系統の電力需給を管理する。
蓄電池盤140は、ヒューズ141、コンタクタ142、蓄電池モジュール143、及び蓄電池監視装置(以下、BMU:Battery Management Unit)144を備える。蓄電池モジュール143は、複数のセルが直列に接続されたモジュールである。各セルは、リチウムイオン電池(LiB)である。蓄電池モジュール143は、コンタクタ142及びヒューズ141を介して送電線によりFBCS盤120に接続される。また、蓄電池モジュール143は、信号線によりBMU144に接続される。BMU144は、コンピュータネットワーク50によりFBCS盤120上の制御装置130に接続され、信号線によりコンタクタ142に接続される。
FBCS盤120は、蓄電池盤140とPCS100とに接続される。具体的には、各蓄電池盤140は、個別の送電線によりFBCS盤120に接続される。個別の送電線はFBCS盤の内部で合流し、より太い送電線に接続される。合流後の送電線はPCS100に接続される。また、FBCS盤120は制御装置130を備える。制御装置130は、例えばROM、RAM等を含むメモリ、各種情報を入出力する入出力インタフェース、各種情報に基づいて各種演算処理を実行可能なプロセッサを備える。制御装置130は、コンピュータネットワーク40によりEMS30に、コンピュータネットワーク50によりBMU144に、コンピュータネットワーク60によりPCS100に接続される。また、制御装置130は、信号線によりコンタクタ142に接続される。
PCS100は、変圧器を介して送電線により送電設備20に接続される。PCS100は、電力系統の交流電力を直流電力に変換して蓄電池モジュール143に充電する充電機能と、蓄電池モジュール143の直流電力を交流電力に変換して電力系統に放電する放電機能とを備える。蓄電池モジュール143への充電電力量、及び蓄電池モジュール143からの放電電力量は、PCS100によって調整される。PCS100による充放電電力量の調整は、制御装置130から供給される充放電指示に従って行われる。
図2は、本発明の実施の形態1に係るシステムのブロック図である。図2における制御装置130を示すブロック内には、制御装置130が備える種々の機能のうちの一部がブロックで表されている。これらブロックのそれぞれに演算資源が割り当てられている。制御装置130には各ブロックに対応するプログラムが用意され、それらがプロセッサによって実行されることで各ブロックの機能が制御装置130において実現される。
制御装置130はインターロック機能を有し、その機能はインターロック処理部131が受け持つ。蓄電池を安全に動作させるためには、電圧、電流、温度の管理が重要である。蓄電池システム10は、BMU144が過放電、過充電、温度異常等の重故障を検知した場合に、BMU144がコンタクタ142を強制的に開放するハードウェアインターロックを備えている。具体的には、BMU144には、電流、電圧、温度等の状態量についてそれぞれBMU上限閾値とBMU下限閾値とが設定されている。例えば、BMU144は、セルの電圧値がBMU上限閾値よりも高い場合には過充電が生じていると判断し、BMU下限閾値よりも低い場合には過放電が生じていると判断する。電流値や温度等についても同様に判断可能である。BMU144は、いずれかの重障害が生じていると判断した場合に、PCS100と蓄電池モジュール143とを接続するコンタクタを強制的に開放するインターロック処理を施す。
図3は、本発明の実施の形態1におけるインターロック機能を実現するために蓄電池システム10が実行する制御ルーチンのフローチャートである。図3は、BMU144から供給される蓄電池情報に基づくソフトウェアインターロック処理を示している。このフローチャートに示す制御装置130の処理は、インターロック処理部131の機能によって実現される処理である。制御装置130のメモリには、図3に示すフローチャートの処理を実行するプログラムが記憶されており、制御装置130のプロセッサがプログラムを読み出して、実行することにより図3に示す処理が実現される。
[実施の形態2の全体構成]
次に、図4を参照して本発明の実施の形態2について説明する。本実施形態のシステムは図1と図2に示す構成において、ECU50に後述する図4のルーチンを実施させることで実現することができる。
上述した実施の形態1では、制御装置130(インターロック処理部131)は、BMU144から供給される蓄電池情報のみに基づいて蓄電池システム10の異常を検知し、インターロック処理を施すこととしているが、蓄電池システム10の異常検知方法はこれに限定されるものではない。実施の形態2では、制御装置130(インターロック処理部131)は、蓄電池情報と、PCS100から供給される交直変換装置情報とに基づいて蓄電池システム10の異常を検知する。
図4は、本発明の実施の形態2におけるインターロック機能を実現するために蓄電池システム10が実行する制御ルーチンのフローチャートである。図4は、BMU144から供給される蓄電池情報と、PCS100から供給される交直変換装置情報とに基づくソフトウェアインターロック処理を示している。このフローチャートに示す制御装置130の処理は、インターロック処理部131の機能によって実現される処理である。制御装置130のメモリには、図4に示すフローチャートの処理を実行するプログラムが記憶されており、制御装置130のプロセッサがプログラムを読み出して、実行することにより図4に示す処理が実現される。
[実施の形態3の全体構成]
次に、図5を参照して本発明の実施の形態3について説明する。本実施形態のシステムは図1と図2に示す構成において、ECU50に後述する図5のルーチンを実施させることで実現することができる。
上述した実施の形態1では、制御装置130(インターロック処理部131)は、BMU144から供給される蓄電池情報に基づいて蓄電池システム10の異常を検知し、インターロック処理を施すこととしているが、蓄電池システム10の異常検知方法はこれに限定されるものではない。実施の形態2では、制御装置130(インターロック処理部131)は、PCS100から供給される交直変換装置情報に基づいて蓄電池システム10の異常を検知する。
図5は、本発明の実施の形態3におけるインターロック機能を実現するために蓄電池システム10が実行する制御ルーチンのフローチャートである。図5は、PCS100から供給される交直変換装置情報に基づくソフトウェアインターロック処理を示している。このフローチャートに示す制御装置130の処理は、インターロック処理部131の機能によって実現される処理である。制御装置130のメモリには、図5に示すフローチャートの処理を実行するプログラムが記憶されており、制御装置130のプロセッサがプログラムを読み出して、実行することにより図5に示す処理が実現される。
20 送電設備
30 エネルギマネジメントシステム(EMS)
40,50,60 コンピュータネットワーク
100 交直変換装置(PCS)
120 FBCS盤
130 制御装置
131 インターロック処理部
140 蓄電池盤
141 ヒューズ
142 コンタクタ
143 蓄電池モジュール
144 蓄電池監視装置(BMU)
Claims (6)
- 電力系統に接続される蓄電池システムであって、前記電力系統の電力需給を管理するエネルギマネジメントシステムからの充放電要求に基づいて動作する蓄電池システムにおいて、
蓄電池と、
前記蓄電池の状態を監視する蓄電池監視装置と、
前記電力系統の交流電力を直流電力に変換して前記蓄電池に充電する機能と、前記蓄電池の直流電力を交流電力に変換して前記電力系統に放電する機能とを有する交直変換装置と、
前記充放電要求と、前記蓄電池監視装置から供給される蓄電池情報とを受信し、前記充放電要求と前記蓄電池情報とに基づいて前記交直変換装置を制御する制御装置と、を備え、
前記制御装置は、前記蓄電池システムの異常を検知した場合に、検知した異常の内容に応じたインターロック処理を施すインターロック処理部をさらに備える
ことを特徴とする蓄電池システム。 - 前記インターロック処理部は、前記蓄電池情報と、前記交直変換装置から供給される交直変換装置情報との少なくとも一方に基づいて前記蓄電池システムの異常を検知するように構成されている
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の蓄電池システム。 - 前記インターロック処理部は、前記インターロック処理として前記交直変換装置に対する充放電指令の出力を停止する処理を含む
ことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の蓄電池システム。 - 前記インターロック処理部は、前記インターロック処理として前記交直変換装置に対してトリップ指令を出力する処理を含む
ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の蓄電池システム。 - 前記交直変換装置と前記蓄電池とはコンタクタによって接続され、
前記インターロック処理部は、前記インターロック処理として前記コンタクタを開放させる処理を含む
ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の蓄電池システム。 - 前記蓄電池監視装置は、前記蓄電池の状態量に関する第1上限閾値と第1下限閾値とを予め記憶し、前記蓄電池の状態量が前記第1上限閾値よりも大きい場合、または前記第1下限閾値よりも小さい場合に、前記交直変換装置と前記蓄電池とを接続するコンタクタを開放し、
前記インターロック処理部は、前記第1上限閾値よりも低い第2上限閾値と、前記第1下限閾値よりも高い第2下限閾値とを予め記憶し、前記蓄電池情報と前記交直変換装置から供給される交直変換装置情報との少なくとも一方に含まれる前記蓄電池の状態量が前記第2上限閾値よりも大きい場合、または前記第2下限閾値よりも小さい場合に前記蓄電池システムの異常を検知する
ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれか1項に記載の蓄電池システム。
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