WO2015037526A1 - 送電装置及びワイヤレス電力伝送システム - Google Patents
送電装置及びワイヤレス電力伝送システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015037526A1 WO2015037526A1 PCT/JP2014/073448 JP2014073448W WO2015037526A1 WO 2015037526 A1 WO2015037526 A1 WO 2015037526A1 JP 2014073448 W JP2014073448 W JP 2014073448W WO 2015037526 A1 WO2015037526 A1 WO 2015037526A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/05—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using capacitive coupling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/60—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power transmission device that wirelessly transmits power to a power receiving device by an electric field coupling method, and a wireless power transmission system.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a wireless power transmission system that can detect that a foreign object has approached an electrode.
- a power transmission device is provided with an electrode for detecting foreign matter isolated from an electrode for electric field coupling.
- the voltage generated between the electric field coupling electrode and the foreign object detection electrode is monitored, and when the voltage changes more than a certain level, the foreign object approaches between the electric field coupling electrodes of the power transmitting device and the power receiving device. It is determined that the power transmission is stopped and power transmission is stopped.
- Patent Document 1 it is necessary to provide an electrode for detecting foreign matter, and it is necessary to provide the electrode for detecting foreign matter so as to surround an electrode for electric field coupling. There is a problem that is restricted. In addition, when a foreign object detection electrode has a partially cut shape, there is a problem that the foreign object cannot be detected when the foreign object approaches the missing part. For this reason, in Patent Document 1, there is a case where a foreign object cannot be detected with high accuracy, and the foreign object cannot be reliably detected, and there is a possibility that a malfunction may occur when the user touches the foreign object.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a power transmission device and a wireless power transmission system that can reliably prevent problems caused by foreign matter when the foreign matter is inserted between electrodes.
- the present invention provides a power transmission-side first electrode facing the power-receiving-side first electrode of the power-receiving device with a gap therebetween, and a power-receiving-side second electrode of the power-receiving device facing the power-receiving-side second electrode with a gap therebetween.
- a power transmission device that applies an AC voltage to a power transmission side second electrode having an area of and transmits electric power to the power reception device by electric field coupling
- a voltage monitoring unit that monitors a voltage of the power transmission side second electrode
- a power transmission stopping unit that stops power transmission to the power receiving device when the absolute value of the amount of change of the voltage monitored by the voltage monitoring unit over a predetermined time exceeds a predetermined threshold value, respectively.
- Circuit diagram of wireless power transmission system according to an embodiment
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a wireless power transmission system 1 according to the present embodiment.
- a wireless power transmission system 1 includes a power transmission device 101 and a power reception device 201.
- the power receiving apparatus 201 includes a load circuit RL.
- the load circuit RL includes a secondary battery and a charging circuit.
- the power receiving device 201 is, for example, a portable electronic device. Examples of portable electronic devices include cellular phones, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants), portable music players, notebook PCs, and digital cameras.
- a power receiving apparatus 201 is placed on the power transmitting apparatus 101. And the power transmission apparatus 101 charges the secondary battery of the power receiving apparatus 201 mounted.
- the load circuit RL is provided in the power receiving device 201, but the load circuit RL may be provided outside the power receiving device 201, for example, or a circuit that is detachable from the power receiving device 201. It may be.
- the DC voltage Vin is connected to the input terminals IN1, IN2 of the power transmission apparatus 101.
- the DC voltage Vin is a DC voltage converted by the AC adapter.
- the power transmission apparatus 101 operates with this DC voltage Vin.
- the AC adapter is connected to a commercial power source and converts AC 100V to 230V into DC 19V. However, it is not necessary to convert to DC 19V, and may be converted to DC 5V or 12V.
- a DC-AC inverter circuit 10 composed of switch elements Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 is connected to input terminals IN1 and IN2 of the power transmission apparatus 101.
- the DC-AC inverter circuit 10 corresponds to a DC / AC converter circuit according to the present invention.
- the switch elements Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 are n-type MOS-FETs. Switch elements Q1 and Q2 are connected in series, and switch elements Q3 and Q4 are connected in series.
- a primary coil of the step-up transformer T1 is connected to a connection point between the switch elements Q1 and Q2 and a connection point between the switch elements Q3 and Q4.
- the step-up transformer T1 boosts the AC voltage converted from the DC voltage Vin.
- the switch elements Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 are PWM controlled by the driver 11.
- the driver 11 turns on and off the switch elements Q1 and Q4 and the switch elements Q2 and Q3 alternately in response to a control signal from the controller 12.
- the DC-AC inverter circuit 10 converts the DC voltage Vin into an AC voltage by alternately switching on and off the switch elements Q1, Q4 and the switch elements Q2, Q3.
- the active electrode 13 and the passive electrode 14 are connected to the secondary coil of the step-up transformer T1.
- the active electrode 13 is a power transmission side first electrode according to the present invention
- the passive electrode 14 is a power transmission side second electrode according to the present invention.
- the active electrode 13 and the passive electrode 14 are both flat, and the passive electrode 14 has a larger area than the active electrode 13.
- the area of the passive electrode 14 should just be the same as the area of the active electrode 13 at least, and may be more than the area of the active electrode 13.
- the active electrode 13 has a smaller area than the passive electrode 14.
- the AC voltage boosted by the step-up transformer T1 is applied to the active electrode 13 and the passive electrode 14.
- Capacitors C11 and C12 are connected in parallel to the secondary coil of the step-up transformer T1, and the capacitors C11 and C12 form a parallel resonance circuit with the inductance of the step-up transformer T1. Capacitors C11 and C12 form a series resonance circuit together with the leakage inductance of the secondary coil of step-up transformer T1 or the inductor of the actual part.
- the A_ACV detection circuit 15 that detects the voltage A_ACV of the active electrode 13 is connected to the active electrode 13.
- the passive electrode 14 is connected to a P_ACV detection circuit 16 that detects the voltage P_ACV of the passive electrode 14.
- the A_ACV detection circuit 15 and the P_ACV detection circuit 16 have the same circuit configuration. Note that the voltage A_ACV of the active electrode 13 and the voltage P_ACV of the passive electrode 14 are respectively the magnitudes of the potential difference between the potential of the active electrode 13 and the potential of the passive electrode 14 and the reference potential.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a circuit of the P_ACV detection circuit 16.
- the A_ACV detection circuit 15 has the same circuit configuration as that of the P_ACV detection circuit 16, and thus description thereof is omitted.
- a voltage dividing circuit including capacitors C41 and C42 is connected to a connection line connected to the passive electrode.
- a resistor R11 having one end grounded is connected to a connection point between the capacitors C41 and C42.
- the resistor R11 is an element for consuming a low frequency component.
- rectifying diodes D11 and D12 and a capacitor C44 are connected to a connection point between the capacitors C41 and C42 via a DC cut capacitor C43.
- resistors R12 and R13 for voltage control are connected and connected to the controller 12.
- the controller 12 controls the driver 11 so that the voltage A_ACV detected at any time by the A_ACV detection circuit 15 maintains a predetermined voltage, so that the switch elements Q1 and Q4 and the switch elements Q2 and Q3 are turned on and off alternately.
- the controller 12 monitors a change with time of the voltage P_ACV detected at any time by the P_ACV detection circuit 16 and performs a power transmission stop determination process.
- the stop determination process is to prevent electric shock of the user when a metal foreign object is sandwiched between the active electrode 13 and the active electrode 23 of the power receiving apparatus 201 facing the active electrode 13 and the user touches the metal foreign object.
- the process of determining whether or not to stop power transmission Details of the stop determination process performed by the controller 12 will be described later.
- the power receiving apparatus 201 includes an active electrode 23 and a passive electrode 24.
- the active electrode 23 is a power receiving side first electrode according to the present invention
- the passive electrode 24 is a power receiving side second electrode according to the present invention.
- the passive electrode 24 has a larger area than the active electrode 23.
- the area of the passive electrode 24 should just be the same as the area of the active electrode 23 at least, and may be more than the area of the active electrode 23.
- Each of the active electrode 23 and the passive electrode 24 has substantially the same area as each of the active electrode 13 and the passive electrode 14, and when the power receiving apparatus 201 is placed on the power transmitting apparatus 101, the active electrode 13 and the passive electrode 24 of the power transmitting apparatus 101 are passive. Opposite the electrode 14 with a gap.
- the primary coil of the step-down transformer T2 is connected to the active electrode 23 and the passive electrode 24 of the power receiving apparatus 201.
- a series circuit of capacitors C21 and C22 is connected in parallel to the primary coil.
- the capacitors C21 and C22 form a parallel resonance circuit with the inductance of the step-down transformer T2. Note that this parallel resonant circuit is set to substantially the same resonant frequency as the series resonant circuit of the power transmission device 101 in order to efficiently transmit power.
- a diode bridge composed of diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4 is connected to the secondary coil of the step-down transformer T2.
- One output of the diode bridge is connected to the output terminal OUT1 via the smoothing capacitor C3 and the DC-DC converter 20.
- the other output of the diode bridge is connected to the output terminal OUT2.
- a load circuit RL which is a secondary battery, a charging circuit, and other load circuits, is connected to the output terminals OUT1 and OUT2.
- the diode bridge and the smoothing capacitor C3 correspond to the rectifying and smoothing circuit according to the present invention, and rectify and smooth the AC voltage stepped down by the step-down transformer T2.
- the rectified and smoothed DC voltage is converted into a predetermined voltage stabilized by the DC-DC converter 20.
- the controller 12 of the power transmission apparatus 101 monitors the voltage P_ACV and determines whether or not to stop power transmission from a change with time of the voltage P_ACV. I do.
- the stop determination process even if the user touches a metal foreign object sandwiched between the active electrodes 13 and 23, the user's electric shock can be prevented.
- the stop determination process will be described in detail.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the controller 12.
- the controller 12 is a microcomputer, and includes functions of a P_ACV detection unit 121, a difference calculation unit 122, a foreign matter determination unit 123, and a power transmission stop unit 124 by executing a program.
- the P_ACV detection unit 121 detects the voltage P_ACV for each time period ( ⁇ t) by the P_ACV detection circuit 16.
- the P_ACV detection unit 121 corresponds to a voltage monitoring unit according to the present invention.
- the difference calculation unit 122 calculates the difference of the voltage P_ACV that changes over time. Specifically, the difference calculation unit 122 calculates a difference ⁇ P_ACV between the voltage P_ACV detected by the P_ACV detection unit 121 at timing t and the voltage P_ACV detected at timing t + ⁇ t.
- the foreign matter determination unit 123 determines whether the absolute value
- the power transmission stopping unit 124 controls the driver 11 to stop the driving of the DC-AC inverter circuit 10 when the foreign matter judging unit 123 judges that the user has touched the metallic foreign matter sandwiched between the active electrodes 13 and 23. Power transmission to the power receiving apparatus 201 is stopped. For example, power transmission may be stopped by turning off the switch elements Q1 to Q4, or a switch element is provided in a power supply line connected to the input terminal IN1, and the switch element is turned off, and the direct current is turned off. The power supply from the voltage Vin to the DC-AC inverter circuit 10 may be cut off.
- the controller 12 monitors the voltage P_ACV, and determines whether or not to stop power transmission according to a change with time of the voltage P_ACV.
- the reason why the controller 12 monitors the voltage P_ACV, not the voltage A_ACV, and determines that the user has touched the metal foreign object when the amount of change of the voltage P_ACV for each time period ( ⁇ t) exceeds a threshold value Will be described.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining an equivalent circuit when the user touches a metal foreign object sandwiched between the active electrodes 13 and 23.
- the upper part of FIG. 4 is a partial circuit of the wireless power transmission system 1 in a normal state.
- the capacitors C11 and C12 are voltage dividing circuits that are connected between the active electrode 13 and the passive electrode 14 with the connection point P as a reference potential.
- the capacitors C11, C12 and C21 , C22 is the same as the capacitance ratio between the capacitance formed by the active electrodes 13 and 23 and the capacitance formed by the passive electrodes 14 and 24.
- the charging voltage of the capacitor C11 corresponds to the voltage A_ACV
- the charging voltage of the capacitor C12 corresponds to the voltage P_ACV.
- the passive electrodes 14 and 24 have a larger area and a larger capacity than the active electrodes 13 and 23.
- Capacitance C51 is generated between the active electrode 13 and the metal foreign object 50 by the metal foreign object 50 being sandwiched between the active electrodes 13 and 23. Further, the metal foreign object 50 is grounded to the ground via a resistance component R51 by a human body (user) who has touched the metal foreign object 50.
- connection point P connected to the reference potential of the power transmission device 101 can be regarded as a circuit grounded to the ground via the stray capacitance Cs.
- the connection point P that is, the reference potential is displaced with respect to the ground potential. Therefore, when the voltage A_ACV and the voltage P_ACV are detected when the voltage division ratio of the active electrode 13 and the passive electrode 14 fluctuates due to the capacitance C51, the resistance component R51, and the stray capacitance Cs, and the reference potential is displaced, The influence of the potential displacement appears in each detection result.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the detection result of the voltage P_ACV sampled at discrete time.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a detection result of the voltage A_ACV sampled at discrete times.
- Timings t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, and t6 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 are timings when the metal foreign object 50 sandwiched between the electrodes is touched by the user. At these timings, the voltage A_ACV and the voltage P_ACV vary.
- the capacitor C12 has a larger capacity than the capacitor C11. Therefore, even when the reference potential is displaced, the influence due to the displacement is smaller than that of the capacitor C11.
- FIG. 5 when FIG. 5 is compared with FIG. 6, it can be read that the fluctuation of the voltage P_ACV shown in FIG. 5 with respect to the normal operating voltage Va is less than the fluctuation of the voltage A_ACV with respect to the normal operating voltage Vb. That is, the voltage P_ACV is more stable than the voltage A_ACV without being affected by the displacement of the reference potential.
- the controller 12 can perform the stop determination process with higher accuracy with respect to the fluctuation caused by the metal foreign object 50 sandwiched between the electrodes touching the user when the voltage P_ACV is monitored rather than the voltage A_ACV.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the stop determination process executed by the controller 12.
- the controller 12 resets the timing t + ⁇ t as a new timing t (S7), and determines whether or not the absolute value
- a threshold for example, 15V
- the controller 12 determines that the metal foreign object 50 is sandwiched between the active electrodes 13 and 23 and the user is touching the metal foreign object 50, and stops power transmission ( S9).
- the controller 12 executes the process of S4.
Abstract
Description
10…DC-ACインバータ回路
11…ドライバ
12…コントローラ
13…アクティブ電極
13,23…アクティブ電極
14,24…パッシブ電極
15…A_ACV検出回路
16…P_ACV検出回路
20…DC-DCコンバータ
50…金属異物
101…送電装置
121…ACV検出部
122…差分算出部
123…異物判定部
124…電力伝送停止部
201…受電装置
C11,C12,C21,C22,C3…キャパシタ
C41,C42,C43、C44…キャパシタ
C51…容量
C52…キャパシタ
D1,D2,D3,D4…ダイオード
D11,D12…ダイオード
IN1,IN2…入力端子
OUT1,OUT2…出力端子
P…接続点
Q1,Q2,Q3,Q4…スイッチ素子
R11,R12,R13…抵抗
R51…抵抗成分
T1…昇圧トランス
T2…降圧トランス
Vin…直流電圧
Claims (2)
- 受電装置の受電側第1電極と間隙をおいて対向する送電側第1電極と、前記受電装置の受電側第2電極と間隙をおいて対向し、前記送電側第1電極以上の面積を有する送電側第2電極とに交流電圧を印加して、電界結合により前記受電装置へ電力を伝送する送電装置において、
前記送電側第2電極の電圧を監視する電圧監視部と、
前記電圧監視部が監視している電圧の一定時間毎の変化量の絶対値がそれぞれ所定の閾値を超えた場合、前記受電装置への電力伝送を停止する電力伝送停止部と、
を備える送電装置。 - 送電側第1電極と、前記送電側第1電極以上の面積を有する送電側第2電極と、直流電圧を交流電圧に変換し、前記送電側第1電極、及び前記送電側第2電極に前記交流電圧を印加する直流交流変換回路とを有する送電装置と、
前記送電側第1電極と間隙をおいて対向する受電側第1電極と、前記送電側第2電極と間隙をおいて対向し、前記受電側第1電極以上の面積を有する受電側第2電極と、前記受電側第1電極、及び前記受電側第2電極に誘起される電圧を負荷へ供給する電圧供給回路とを有する受電装置と、
を備え、
前記送電装置は、
前記送電側第2電極の電圧を監視する電圧監視部と、
前記電圧監視部が監視している電圧の一定時間毎の変化量の絶対値がそれぞれ所定の閾値を超えた場合、前記受電装置への電力伝送を停止する電力伝送停止部と、
を有するワイヤレス電力伝送システム。
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JP2015536556A JP5861808B2 (ja) | 2013-09-12 | 2014-09-05 | 送電装置及びワイヤレス電力伝送システム |
CN201490000671.1U CN205105005U (zh) | 2013-09-12 | 2014-09-05 | 供电装置及无线电力输送系统 |
US14/944,633 US9866040B2 (en) | 2013-09-12 | 2015-11-18 | Power transmission device and wireless power transmission system |
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JP2013-189009 | 2013-09-12 | ||
JP2013189009 | 2013-09-12 |
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US14/944,633 Continuation US9866040B2 (en) | 2013-09-12 | 2015-11-18 | Power transmission device and wireless power transmission system |
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US10056944B2 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2018-08-21 | Fu Da Tong Technology Co., Ltd. | Data determination method for supplying-end module of induction type power supply system and related supplying-end module |
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US10153665B2 (en) | 2015-01-14 | 2018-12-11 | Fu Da Tong Technology Co., Ltd. | Method for adjusting output power for induction type power supply system and related supplying-end module |
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US9866040B2 (en) | 2018-01-09 |
JP5861808B2 (ja) | 2016-02-16 |
CN205105005U (zh) | 2016-03-23 |
US20160072311A1 (en) | 2016-03-10 |
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