WO2015018684A1 - Method and apparatus for wireless energy transfer for a moving object - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for wireless energy transfer for a moving object Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015018684A1
WO2015018684A1 PCT/EP2014/066188 EP2014066188W WO2015018684A1 WO 2015018684 A1 WO2015018684 A1 WO 2015018684A1 EP 2014066188 W EP2014066188 W EP 2014066188W WO 2015018684 A1 WO2015018684 A1 WO 2015018684A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmitting device
antenna arrangement
deviation
control unit
transmitting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/066188
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jochen KÄPPEL
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2015018684A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015018684A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/126—Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/32—Constructional details of charging stations by charging in short intervals along the itinerary, e.g. during short stops
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
    • B60L53/38—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
    • H02J50/402—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices the two or more transmitting or the two or more receiving devices being integrated in the same unit, e.g. power mats with several coils or antennas with several sub-antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/90—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/18—Buses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/40—Working vehicles
    • B60L2200/44—Industrial trucks or floor conveyors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
    • B60L2250/12—Driver interactions by confirmation, e.g. of the input
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/10—Emission reduction
    • B60L2270/14—Emission reduction of noise
    • B60L2270/147—Emission reduction of noise electro magnetic [EMI]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/60—Electric or hybrid propulsion means for production processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for wireless energy transmission for a moving object at a predetermined breakpoint.
  • a steady increase of hybrid and electric vehicles in road and rail traffic is noticeable.
  • These electric vehicles usually do not have a classic powertrain, which transmits the kinetic energy from the drive motor to the wheels. Instead, electric motors are arranged in the wheel hubs, which remove electrical energy from a vehicle-side energy storage.
  • the energy transmission by means of high-frequency or optical radiation beam is possible.
  • Radiation bundles are hereby directed by a transmitting antenna to a receiving antenna of the vehicle.
  • a sufficiently precise position is n ist of transmitting and receiving antenna to each other crucial for the feasible efficiency of energy transfer, and thus also for the efficiency of the charging process in the context of the commercial operational capability of such a chargeable vehicle.
  • the method of inductive magnetic resonance coupling which is less critical with regard to vehicle positioning, is known, the energy transmission efficiency thus achieved also being influenced by the quality of the antenna alignment.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to enable a wireless energy transfer from the track to the vehicle under the boundary conditions of a limited positioning accuracy of the vehicle as little effort and efficiently.
  • a deviation between an actual position and a desired position is determined by means of a holder-side transmitting device and a vehicle-side receiving device. Based on this deviation, a repositioning of the transmitting device, wherein the actual position is corrected.
  • the device comprises, in particular, a relatively movable antenna arrangement with the transmitting device and the receiving device and a preferably holding point-side control unit, wherein the control unit is set up in terms of circuitry and / or programming technology to execute the method.
  • the device also expediently comprises an obj ekt Littlee energy storage.
  • the stopping point is, for example, a stop of the vehicle.
  • control unit is formed in an expedient embodiment, at least substantially by a microcontroller, in which a control program automatically executing the method is implemented.
  • control unit can also be formed, for example, by an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • the requirements for the positioning accuracy of the object or vehicle for wireless energy transmission are reduced in a simple and cost-effective manner.
  • the position deviation can be determined by the control unit, for example in the manner of a transit time measurement.
  • the repositioning of the antenna arrangement further ensures a particularly high degree of efficiency for wireless energy transmission.
  • the transmitting device is moved in an advantageous embodiment of the method for determining the deviation.
  • the sensor device is preferably moved in a plane in a preferred development.
  • a signal value distribution is detected, from which the position deviation can be determined, in particular based on a maximum value.
  • the holding point-side transmitting device is arranged above a possible stopping point of the object, for example on the underside of a roof construction or with a suspension on a bus stop mast, and can be moved two-dimensionally by an electric motor.
  • the receiving device is arranged for this purpose, for example, at the top of the object.
  • the antenna arrangement is designed for energy transmission in the manner of an inductive magnetic resonance coupling, whereby as the reception device approaches the transmission device, damping of the transmission device caused by resonance takes place, or at least part of the radiated power is reflected back into the transmission device.
  • the control unit By evaluating the signal distribution of the attenuation of the transmitter device (for example, by recording the recorded current) or the reflected transmission energy (for example by separation with a directional coupler), the actual position of the object with respect to the setpoint is senderlessness by means of the control unit. Breakpoint determinable.
  • the control unit is preferably still suitable and configured to detect whether the object has reached a standstill. However, the standstill information can also be transferred in a different way from the object to the breakpoint.
  • the antenna arrangement can be brought into a position by displacement in the plane, for example by means of stepper motors, in which a maximum attenuation or a maximum reflected transmission power occurs within the antenna arrangement. Due to the relatively movable arrangement of the antenna arrangement and the possibility of two-dimensionally shifting the antenna arrangement by motors, in particular electric motors, in one plane, the detection of the signal distribution implements a control loop.
  • the automatic displacement of the transmitting device is by means of the control unit, for example by control circuits in Abzissen- and ordinate direction accessible, wherein the control unit evaluates the attenuated or reflected signal distribution as an input variable and generates a control signal for the displacement motors as manipulated variable.
  • the transmitting device and the receiving device are at approximately conventionally achieved position accuracy only approximately aligned with each other position. Due to the comparatively precise desired positioning of the transmission device as a result of the movement, an exact determination of the deviation of the transmission location (actual position) of the transmission device from the reception location is
  • Target position of the receiving device allows. By comparison with the object typically significantly lower mass of the transmitting device to be moved thus a particularly simple and inexpensive determination of the deviation is realized.
  • the location accuracy in the determination of the deviation can be further increased by means of a suitable choice of the antenna sizes and / or antenna designs in conjunction with the selected frequency and other signal properties.
  • the determined deviation is displayed to an obj ect operator on a display unit.
  • manual repositioning of the movable object is advantageously facilitated, for example, in the case of a position deviation which is too large (that is to say incalculable) by means of an obj ect operator.
  • the signal distribution is received by an object-side control unit and its reception level is displayed or evaluated.
  • an object operator or the object-side control unit is able to reposition the antenna arrangement in the case of an autonomous object.
  • the transmitting device has a number of adjacent (single) transmitting antennas, wherein the transmission antennas are subjected to a modulated radio signal.
  • the modulated radio signal are generally controlled influences on the signal characteristics to suppress the signal interference and thus improve the signal-to-noise ratio, such as a modulation of the object reflected back from the object transmission signal.
  • the transmitting device uses a so-called phased array antenna.
  • the radiation behavior of the existing of a plurality of individual antennas phased array antenna is dynamically influenced by a suitable electrical control of the control unit.
  • the directional characteristic of the transmitting device can be changed, with the possibility of a suitable control, the possibility is possible to signal the environment of the transmitting device signal technology.
  • the control unit On the basis of the data determined therefrom, it is possible by means of the control unit, for example, to select the transmission antenna which is most suitable for the energy transmission or to correspondingly control the phased array antenna.
  • phased array antenna makes it possible to dispense with the mechanical repositioning of the transmitting device.
  • the fact is used that the condition for a particularly efficient wireless energy transmission from the breakpoint to the object is due to the improved accuracy of the comparison of the transmitting and receiving device. is ensured.
  • a charging process is started in which an energy signal suitable for energy transmission is impressed into the transmitting device.
  • an efficient transfer of the energy from the breakpoint to the object results, where the energy is stored in the energy store.
  • the object is a rail vehicle which is coupled to a device according to the invention.
  • a device for example, an antenna arrangement for receiving track-side induction signals as charging signals.
  • the method and / or a corresponding device can also be used for a number of other applications in which an energy store of a moving object is to be charged wirelessly, for example in motor vehicles operated by an electric motor or in vehicles for industrial applications.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view of a rail vehicle after arriving in a range of a trackside mounted transmitting device
  • FIG. 1 shows in perspective the rail vehicle according to FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 1 shows, in simplified form, the construction and the mode of operation of a device 2 for wireless energy transmission for a rail vehicle 4 at a breakpoint H with five trackside antennas A 11 ( A 12 , A 2 i, A 22 and A m , in particular Rieht antennas, a transmitting device
  • the antennas (transmitting antennas) An, i2, A 2 i, A 22 and A m are subjected to high-frequency, modulated induction signals S.
  • Energy transfer ideal breakpoint H is in this embodiment, in particular under the antenna A m .
  • One of the trackside transmitting device 6 facing receiving antenna 8 as a receiving device is disposed on the upper side of the rail vehicle 4.
  • the receiving antenna 8 approaches the transmitting device 6 attenuation of the transmitting antennas A 11 ( A 12 , A 21 , A 22 and A m) occurs at least partially due to magnetic resonance.
  • the damping of the transmitting antennas A 11 ( A 12 , A 21 , a 22 and a m is trackside detected by means of a control unit 10 by measuring the current and evaluated.
  • the antennas of the transmitting device 6 continuously and wirelessly generate the induction signals S as a high-frequency electromagnetic fields te low Reichwei-.
  • the different antennas a 11 (a 12, a 21 , A 22 and A m detected attenuation levels, which are easy to separate by frequency and modulation differences and generate a suitable directional characteristic of the antennas A 11 ( A 12 , A 21 , A 22 and A m succinct signal waveforms are evaluated by the control unit 10 and used as a distance equivalent and reference variable for approximation of the transmitting device 10 to the receiving antenna 8.
  • the deviation A between an actual position P and a desired position of the transmitting device 6 is determined by the control unit 10 Purpose of an ideal energy transfer determined, in the illustrated embodiment, the target position is in particular the breakpoint H.
  • the position of the rail vehicle 4 with respect to the breakpoint H can be determined on the trackside by means of the control unit 10.
  • the control unit 10 is furthermore suitable for this and a directed to detect whether the rail vehicle 4 has reached a standstill.
  • control unit 10 At a stop of the rail vehicle 4 - following an approach to the breakpoint H - is calculated by the control unit 10 based on the damping distribution, the relative position between the transmitting device 6 and the receiving antenna 8. On the basis of the determined existing deviation A, the control unit 10 sends control signals S x and S y to an adjustment stage 12.
  • the transmitting device 6 comprises the electromotively displaceable planar adjustment stage 12 on which the transmitting antennas An, i2, A 2 i, A 22 and A m are arranged , as can be seen in FIG.
  • the adjustment table 12 is approximately rectangular, wherein in each case a transmitting antenna An, Ai 2 , A 2i and A 22 is arranged in one of the four corners and the approximately centrally arranged transmitting antenna A m .
  • the transmitting device 6 is arranged approximately centrally above the stopping point H of the rail vehicle 4, in particular on the underside of a stop, and is displaceable in an electromotive two-dimensional manner by means of two servomotors 14a and 14b.
  • the damping of the transmitting antennas An, A 12 , A 21 , A 22 and A m is continuously evaluated by the control unit 10. Based on the registered attenuation intensity, the servomotors 14a and 14b are controlled in such a way that at least one transmitting antenna, preferably the transmitting antenna A m , and the receiving antenna 8 oppose each other. In an additional or alternative variant occurs
  • the transmission antennas An, Ai 2 , A 2 i, A 22 and A m are first each subjected to induction signals S small power and different electromagnetic properties.
  • induction signals S small power and different electromagnetic properties.
  • only an induction signal is provided with a reference numeral for the purpose of an improved overview.
  • different electrical conditions at the transmit antennas An, i 2 , A 2 i, A 22 and A m arise in relation to the attenuation of the radiated electrical induction signals S.
  • a control of the servomotors 14a and 14b for shifting the transmitting antennas An, A 12 , A 2 i, A 22 and A m are made in the x and y directions in order to obtain the maximum possible attenuation of the centrally arranged antenna A m .
  • the signal strength of the induction signal S received by the receiving antenna 8 can be displayed by means of a display unit 16 for an operator 18, so that a manual repositioning is facilitated in the event of an excessive positional deviation under the transmitting antenna A m .
  • the energy transfer is started.
  • the charge energy transmitted by the induction signal S is stored in a vehicle-side energy store 20.
  • track and vehicle-side devices can be reversed, that is to say the movable transmission device 4 or the phased array antenna and the associated control unit 10 are integrated in the rail vehicle 4. This may be useful if the number of moving objects is small and there are no space problems with the rail vehicle 4 with respect to the integration of the device.
  • Control unit 12 Adjustment table

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus (2) for wireless energy transfer for a moving object (4) at a prespecified stop point (H), comprising a relatively moving antenna arrangement (6, 8) having a stop point-end transmission apparatus (6), or alternatively a phased-array transmission apparatus (6), and also an object-end reception apparatus (8), and also comprising an energy storage means (20) and a control unit (10), wherein the control unit (10) determines a deviation (A) between an actual position (I) and a desired position (H) of the antenna arrangement (6, 8) by means of the transmission apparatus (6) and reception apparatus (8) when the object stops, and starts a repositioning operation for the transmission apparatus (6) on the basis of the determined deviation (A), the actual position (I) being corrected during said repositioning operation.

Description

Beschreibung description
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur drahtlosen Energieübertragung für ein bewegtes Objekt Method and apparatus for wireless energy transmission for a moving object
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur drahtlosen Energieübertragung für ein bewegliches Objekt an einem vorgegebenen Haltepunkt. In den vergangenen Jahren ist eine stetige Zunahme von hybrid und elektrisch betriebenen Fahrzeugen im Straßen- und Schienenverkehr feststellbar. Diese Elektrofahrzeuge weisen üblicherweise keinen klassischen Antriebsstrang auf, der vom Antriebsmotor die Bewegungsenergie auf die Räder überträgt . Stattdessen sind in den Radnaben Elektromotoren angeordnet, die elektrische Energie aus einem fahrzeugseitigen Energiespeicher entnehmen. The invention relates to a method and a device for wireless energy transmission for a moving object at a predetermined breakpoint. In recent years, a steady increase of hybrid and electric vehicles in road and rail traffic is noticeable. These electric vehicles usually do not have a classic powertrain, which transmits the kinetic energy from the drive motor to the wheels. Instead, electric motors are arranged in the wheel hubs, which remove electrical energy from a vehicle-side energy storage.
Es sind eine Vielzahl von Methoden zur Ladung des an Bord be- findlichen elektrischen Energiespeichers bekannt geworden.There are a variety of methods for charging the on-board electrical energy storage known.
Attraktiv erscheint in diesem Zusammenhang unter anderem die Möglichkeit der drahtlosen Energieübertragung von der Strecke zum Fahrzeug, um zum Beispiel den bordseitigen Energiespeicher elektrisch betriebener Busse während des Halts an einem Haltepunkt mit minimalem manuellem Aufwand aufzuladen. Dadurch ist es beispielsweise weiterhin ermöglicht, Bahnsysteme ohne Oberleitung oder dritte Schiene zu realisieren. Ein Vorteil ist hierbei auch der Entfall der Triebstromrückführung durch die Schiene, der ohne entsprechenden Mehraufwand (zum Beispiel für Erdungsmaßnahmen) zu EMV- und Sicherheitsproblemen führen kann. Attractive in this context, inter alia, the possibility of wireless energy transfer from the track to the vehicle to charge, for example, the on-board energy storage electrically powered buses during the stop at a breakpoint with minimal manual effort. This makes it possible, for example, continue to realize rail systems without overhead line or third rail. An advantage here is also the elimination of the drive current feedback through the rail, which can lead to EMC and safety problems without corresponding additional effort (for example, for grounding measures).
Zum Zwecke der drahtlosen Energieübertragung von der Strecke zum Fahrzeug ist unter anderem die Energieübertragung mittels hochfrequenter oder optischer Strahlungsbündel möglich. DieFor the purpose of wireless energy transmission from the track to the vehicle, inter alia, the energy transmission by means of high-frequency or optical radiation beam is possible. The
Strahlungsbündel werden hierbei von einer Sendeantenne an eine Empfangsantenne des Fahrzeugs gerichtet. Bei dieser Energieübertragungsmethode ist eine hinreichend präzise Positio- nierung von Sende- und Empfangsantenne zueinander ausschlaggebend für den realisierbaren Wirkungsgrad der Energieübertragung, und damit auch für die Effizienz des Ladeverfahrens im Kontext der kommerziellen Einsatzfähigkeit eines derart ladbaren Fahrzeugs . Radiation bundles are hereby directed by a transmitting antenna to a receiving antenna of the vehicle. In this energy transfer method, a sufficiently precise position is nierung of transmitting and receiving antenna to each other crucial for the feasible efficiency of energy transfer, and thus also for the efficiency of the charging process in the context of the commercial operational capability of such a chargeable vehicle.
Als alternative Methode der drahtlosen Energieübertragung ist die hinsichtlich der Fahrzeugpositionierung weniger kritische Methode der induktiven Magnetresonanz -Kopplung bekannt, wobei der damit erzielte Wirkungsgrad der Energieübertragung ebenfalls von der Qualität der Antennenausrichtung beeinflusst wird . As an alternative method of wireless energy transmission, the method of inductive magnetic resonance coupling, which is less critical with regard to vehicle positioning, is known, the energy transmission efficiency thus achieved also being influenced by the quality of the antenna alignment.
Bei Schienenfahrzeugen ist es beispielsweise denkbar, eine Induktionsschleife zu verwenden, welche in Teilen des fest vorgegebenen Fahrwegs oder an Haltepunkten im Untergrund verläuft. Dadurch ist die notwendige Haltegenauigkeit reduziert und die Problematik einer aufwändigen Nachpositionierung des Fahrzeugs vermieden. Bei dieser Methode sind allerdings rela- tiv umfangreiche und kostenintensive Installationsarbeiten notwendig. Weiterhin ergibt sich eine große Fläche, die von elektromagnetischer Strahlung durchsetzt wird. Hierdurch steigt die Strahlungsbelastung der Umwelt, und damit zum Beispiel ebenso das Risiko elektromagnetischer Störbeeinflussung anderer elektrischer Systeme. In rail vehicles, for example, it is conceivable to use an induction loop which runs in parts of the fixed route or at stops in the ground. As a result, the necessary stopping accuracy is reduced and the problem of a complex repositioning of the vehicle avoided. With this method, however, rela- tively extensive and costly installation work is necessary. Furthermore, there is a large area, which is penetrated by electromagnetic radiation. As a result, the radiation load of the environment increases, and thus for example also the risk of electromagnetic interference of other electrical systems.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine drahtlose Energieübertragung von der Strecke zum Fahrzeug unter den Randbedingungen einer begrenzten Positioniergenauigkeit des Fahrzeugs möglichst aufwandsarm und effizient zu ermöglichen . The invention is therefore based on the object to enable a wireless energy transfer from the track to the vehicle under the boundary conditions of a limited positioning accuracy of the vehicle as little effort and efficiently.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 sowie durch eine Vorricht- ung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 9. Die Aufgabe wird alternativ gelöst durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 8 sowie durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 12. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbild- ungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche. Die im Hinblick auf das Verfahren angeführten Merkmale und bevorzugten Ausgestaltungen sind sinngemäß auch auf die Vorrichtung sowie die alternative Ausgestaltung zu übertragen. This object is achieved according to the invention by a method having the features of claim 1 and by a device having the features of claim 9. The object is alternatively achieved by a method having the features of claim 8 and by a device having the features of the claim 12. Advantageous Embodiments and Further Development are subject of the subclaims. The features mentioned with regard to the method and preferred embodiments are to be transferred analogously to the device and the alternative embodiment.
Verfahrensgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass zur drahtlosen Energieübertragung für ein bewegliches Objekt an einem vorgegebenen Haltepunkt im Anschluss an einen Halt des Objekts eine Abweichung zwischen einer Istposition und einer Sollposition mittels einer haltepunktseitigen Sendevorrichtung und einer fahrzeugseitigen Empfangsvorrichtung ermittelt wird. Anhand dieser Abweichung erfolgt eine Neupositionierung der Sendevorrichtung, wobei die Istposition korrigiert wird. Die Vorrichtung umfasst insbesondere eine relativbewegliche Antennenanordnung mit der Sendevorrichtung und der Empfangs- Vorrichtung sowie eine vorzugsweise haltepunktseitige Steuereinheit, wobei die Steuereinheit schaltungs- und/oder programmiertechnisch dazu eingerichtet ist, das Verfahren aus- zuführen. Die Vorrichtung umfasst zudem zweckmäßigerweise einen obj ektseitigen Energiespeicher. According to the method, it is provided that for wireless energy transmission for a moving object at a predetermined stopping point following a stop of the object, a deviation between an actual position and a desired position is determined by means of a holder-side transmitting device and a vehicle-side receiving device. Based on this deviation, a repositioning of the transmitting device, wherein the actual position is corrected. The device comprises, in particular, a relatively movable antenna arrangement with the transmitting device and the receiving device and a preferably holding point-side control unit, wherein the control unit is set up in terms of circuitry and / or programming technology to execute the method. The device also expediently comprises an obj ektseitige energy storage.
Unter Objekt ist insbesondere ein Fahrzeug wie beispielsweise ein Schienenfahrzeug oder ein Bus zu verstehen. Der Halte- punkt ist beispielsweise eine Haltestelle des Fahrzeugs. Under object is in particular a vehicle such as a rail vehicle or a bus to understand. The stopping point is, for example, a stop of the vehicle.
Die Steuereinheit ist in einer zweckmäßigen Ausführungsform zumindest im Wesentlichen durch einen MikroController gebildet, in dem ein das Verfahren automatisch durchführendes Steuerprogramm implementiert ist. Die Steuereinheit kann alternativ aber auch zum Beispiel durch einen anwendungsspezifischen integrierten Schaltkreis (ASIC) gebildet sein. The control unit is formed in an expedient embodiment, at least substantially by a microcontroller, in which a control program automatically executing the method is implemented. Alternatively, the control unit can also be formed, for example, by an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).
Durch die Erfassung der Positionsabweichung und der daraus abgeleiteten Neupositionierung der Antennenanordnung werden die Anforderungen an die Positioniergenauigkeit des Objektes beziehungsweise Fahrzeugs zur drahtlosen Energieübertragung einfach und kostengünstig reduziert. Bevorzugterweise versen- det die Sendevorrichtung während einer Annäherung des Objektes an den Haltepunkt ein Haltepunktsignal, welches von der Empfangsvorrichtung empfangen wird. Anhand der ermittelten Signalstärkeverteilung der ausgesendeten Signale ist der von der Steuereinheit, beispielsweise nach Art einer Laufzeitmessung, die Positionsabweichung ermittelbar. Durch die Neupositionierung der Antennenanordnung ist weiterhin ein besonders hoher Wirkungsgrad für eine drahtlose Energieübertragung sichergestellt. By detecting the positional deviation and the repositioning of the antenna arrangement derived therefrom, the requirements for the positioning accuracy of the object or vehicle for wireless energy transmission are reduced in a simple and cost-effective manner. Preferably, send det the transmitting device during an approach of the object to the breakpoint a breakpoint signal, which is received by the receiving device. On the basis of the determined signal strength distribution of the emitted signals, the position deviation can be determined by the control unit, for example in the manner of a transit time measurement. The repositioning of the antenna arrangement further ensures a particularly high degree of efficiency for wireless energy transmission.
Um sicherzustellen, dass die Positionsabweichung nach dem Halt des beweglichen Objektes besonders genau ermittelt wird, wird in einer vorteilhaften Ausführung des Verfahrens zur Ermittlung der Abweichung die Sendevorrichtung bewegt. Die Sen- devorrichtung wird in einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung vorzugsweise in einer Ebene bewegt. Insbesondere wird während einer derartigen Relativbewegung der Antennenanordnung eine Signalwertverteilung erfasst, woraus - insbesondere anhand eines Maximumwerts - die Positionsabweichung bestimmt werden kann . In order to ensure that the position deviation after the stop of the moving object is determined particularly accurately, the transmitting device is moved in an advantageous embodiment of the method for determining the deviation. The sensor device is preferably moved in a plane in a preferred development. In particular, during such a relative movement of the antenna arrangement, a signal value distribution is detected, from which the position deviation can be determined, in particular based on a maximum value.
Hierzu ist bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung die halte- punktseitige Sendevorrichtung über einem möglichen Haltepunkt des Objekts, zum Beispiel an der Unterseite einer Dachkonst- ruktion oder mit einer Aufhängung an einem Haltestellenmast, angeordnet und elektromotorisch zum Beispiel zweidimensional bewegbar. Zweckmäßigerweise ist die Empfangsvorrichtung hierzu zum Beispiel an der Oberseite des Objektes angeordnet. Dadurch kann eine möglichst platzsparende und somit optisch unauffällig in existierende Strukturen integrierbare Vorrichtung realisiert werden. Aufgrund der automatischen Neupositionierung wird weiterhin eine Verringerung des Risikos von EMV Beeinträchtigungen erreicht. Hierzu werden in einer vor- teilhaften Ausführungsform kleine Antennenanordnungen mit einer relativ hohen Sendefrequenz verwendet. Ein hoher Wirkungsgrad der Energieübertragung ist beispielsweise durch eine hohe Richtwirkung der Antennenanordnung ermöglicht. Der ver- gleichsweise kleine räumliche Sendebereich der stark richtwirkenden Antennen ist aufgrund der Neupositionierung problemlos kompensierbar, sodass ein hoher Wirkungsgrad im Betrieb der Vorrichtung sichergestellt ist. For this purpose, in the device according to the invention, the holding point-side transmitting device is arranged above a possible stopping point of the object, for example on the underside of a roof construction or with a suspension on a bus stop mast, and can be moved two-dimensionally by an electric motor. Appropriately, the receiving device is arranged for this purpose, for example, at the top of the object. As a result, a device which is as space-saving as possible and thus optically inconspicuous in existing structures can be realized. Due to the automatic repositioning, a reduction in the risk of EMC interference is still achieved. For this purpose, in an advantageous embodiment, small antenna arrangements with a relatively high transmission frequency are used. A high energy transfer efficiency is made possible for example by a high directivity of the antenna arrangement. The The small spatial transmission range of the highly directional antennas is easily compensated due to the repositioning, so that a high efficiency in the operation of the device is ensured.
In einer geeigneten Ausgestaltungsform ist die Antennenanordnung zur Energieübertragung nach Art einer induktiven Magnetresonanz-Kopplung ausgeführt, wobei bei einer Annäherung der Empfangsvorrichtung an die Sendevorrichtung eine durch Resonanz bedingte Bedämpfung der Sendevorrichtung erfolgt, beziehungsweise zumindest ein Teil der abgestrahlten Leistung zurück in die Sendevorrichtung reflektiert wird. In a suitable embodiment, the antenna arrangement is designed for energy transmission in the manner of an inductive magnetic resonance coupling, whereby as the reception device approaches the transmission device, damping of the transmission device caused by resonance takes place, or at least part of the radiated power is reflected back into the transmission device.
Durch Auswertung der Signalverteilung der Bedämpfung der Sen- devorrichtung (beispielsweise mittels Erfassung des aufgenommenen Stroms) oder der reflektierten Sendeenergie (zum Beispiel durch Abtrennung mit einem Richtkoppler) ist sendesei- tig mittels der Steuereinheit die Ist-Position des Objekts in Bezug auf den Soll -Haltepunkt bestimmbar. Durch eine geeigne- te Signalauswertung ist die Steuereinheit vorzugsweise weiterhin dazu geeignet und eingerichtet zu erfassen, ob das Objekt einen Stillstand erreicht hat. Die Stillstandsinformation ist aber ebenso auf anderem Wege vom Objekt an den Haltepunkt übermittelbar. By evaluating the signal distribution of the attenuation of the transmitter device (for example, by recording the recorded current) or the reflected transmission energy (for example by separation with a directional coupler), the actual position of the object with respect to the setpoint is senderteig by means of the control unit. Breakpoint determinable. By a suitable signal evaluation, the control unit is preferably still suitable and configured to detect whether the object has reached a standstill. However, the standstill information can also be transferred in a different way from the object to the breakpoint.
Bei einem festgestellten Objektstillstand kann die Antennenanordnung durch Verschiebung in der Ebene zum Beispiel mittels Schrittmotoren in eine Position gebracht werden, in der eine maximale Bedämpfung, beziehungsweise eine maximale re- flektierte Sendeleistung innerhalb der Antennenanordnung auftritt. Durch die relativbewegliche Anordnung der Antennenanordnung und die Möglichkeit, die Antennenanordnung durch Motoren, insbesondere Elektromotoren, zweidimensional in einer Ebene zu verschieben, wird mit der Erfassung der Signalver- teilung ein Regelkreis implementiert. In the case of a determined object standstill, the antenna arrangement can be brought into a position by displacement in the plane, for example by means of stepper motors, in which a maximum attenuation or a maximum reflected transmission power occurs within the antenna arrangement. Due to the relatively movable arrangement of the antenna arrangement and the possibility of two-dimensionally shifting the antenna arrangement by motors, in particular electric motors, in one plane, the detection of the signal distribution implements a control loop.
Die automatische Verschiebung der Sendevorrichtung ist mittels der Steuereinheit beispielsweise durch Regelkreise in Abzissen- und Ordinatenrichtung erreichbar, wobei die Steuereinheit als Eingangsgröße die bedämpfte beziehungsweise reflektierte Signalverteilung auswertet und als Stellgröße ein Steuersignal für die Verschiebemotoren erzeugt. The automatic displacement of the transmitting device is by means of the control unit, for example by control circuits in Abzissen- and ordinate direction accessible, wherein the control unit evaluates the attenuated or reflected signal distribution as an input variable and generates a control signal for the displacement motors as manipulated variable.
Herkömmlicherweise stehen die Sendevorrichtung und die Empfangsvorrichtung bei konventionell erreichter Positionsgenauigkeit lediglich annähernd in miteinander fluchtender Position. Aufgrund der vergleichsweise präziser gewünschten Po- sitionierung der Sendevorrichtung in Folge der Bewegung ist eine genaue Feststellung der Abweichung des Sendestandorts (Istposition) der Sendevorrichtung vom Empfangsstandort Conventionally, the transmitting device and the receiving device are at approximately conventionally achieved position accuracy only approximately aligned with each other position. Due to the comparatively precise desired positioning of the transmission device as a result of the movement, an exact determination of the deviation of the transmission location (actual position) of the transmission device from the reception location is
(Sollposition) der Empfangsvorrichtung ermöglicht. Durch die im Vergleich zum Objekt typischerweise deutlich geringere Masse der zu verschiebenden Sendevorrichtung ist somit eine besonders einfache und kostengünstige Ermittlung der Abweichung realisiert. Die Ortungsgenauigkeit bei der Ermittlung der Abweichung ist mittels geeigneter Wahl der Antennengrößen und/oder Antennenbauformen in Verbindung mit der gewählten Frequenz und sonstigen Signaleigenschaften weiter erhöhbar.  (Target position) of the receiving device allows. By comparison with the object typically significantly lower mass of the transmitting device to be moved thus a particularly simple and inexpensive determination of the deviation is realized. The location accuracy in the determination of the deviation can be further increased by means of a suitable choice of the antenna sizes and / or antenna designs in conjunction with the selected frequency and other signal properties.
In einer geeigneten Weiterbildung wird die ermittelte Abweichung einem Obj ektbediener auf einer Anzeigeeinheit dargestellt. Dadurch ist eine manuelle Neupositionierung des be- weglichen Objekts zum Beispiel im Falle einer zu großen (das heißt nicht ausregelbarer) Positionsabweichung mittels eines Obj ektbedieners vorteilhaft erleichtert. In a suitable development, the determined deviation is displayed to an obj ect operator on a display unit. As a result, manual repositioning of the movable object is advantageously facilitated, for example, in the case of a position deviation which is too large (that is to say incalculable) by means of an obj ect operator.
In einer möglichen Weiterbildungsform wird beispielsweise zu- sätzlich oder alternativ die Signalverteilung von einer ob- jektseitigen Steuereinheit empfangen und deren Empfangspegel angezeigt beziehungsweise ausgewertet. Dadurch ist einem Ob- j ektbediener oder der obj ektseitigen Steuereinheit im Falle eines autonomen Objektes eine Neupositionierung der Antennen- anordnung ermöglicht. In one possible further development form, for example, additionally or alternatively, the signal distribution is received by an object-side control unit and its reception level is displayed or evaluated. As a result, an object operator or the object-side control unit is able to reposition the antenna arrangement in the case of an autonomous object.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung weist die Sendevorrichtung eine Anzahl von benachbarten (Einzel -) Sendeantennen auf, wobei die Sendeantennen mit einem modulierten Funksignal beaufschlagt werden. Unter dem modulierten Funksignal sind allgemein kontrollierte Beeinflussungen der Signaleigenschaften zu verstehen, die Signalstörungen unterdrücken und somit das Signal-Rausch-Verhältnis verbessern, beispielsweise eine Modulation des vom Objekt zurückreflektierten Sendesignals. In an advantageous embodiment, the transmitting device has a number of adjacent (single) transmitting antennas, wherein the transmission antennas are subjected to a modulated radio signal. Under the modulated radio signal are generally controlled influences on the signal characteristics to suppress the signal interference and thus improve the signal-to-noise ratio, such as a modulation of the object reflected back from the object transmission signal.
In einer möglichen Ausgestaltungsform der Erfindung nutzt die Sendevorrichtung eine sogenannte Phased-Array-Antenne . Hier- bei wird das Abstrahlverhalten der aus einer Vielzahl von Einzelantennen bestehenden Phased-Array-Antenne durch eine geeignete elektrische Ansteuerung der Steuereinheit dynamisch beeinflusst. Dadurch ist unter anderem auch die Richtcharakteristik der Sendevorrichtung veränderbar, wobei bei einer geeigneten Ansteuerung die Möglichkeit realisierbar ist, die Umgebung der Sendevorrichtung signaltechnisch abzutasten. Anhand der hieraus ermittelten Daten ist es mittels der Steuereinheit beispielsweise ermöglicht, die für die Energieübertragung am besten geeignete Sendeantenne auszuwählen bezie- hungsweise die Phased-Array-Antenne entsprechend anzusteuern. Weiterhin ist es durch die Vielzahl an Einzelantennen vorteilhaft und einfach ermöglicht, Sendeantennen mit einer besonders hohen Richtwirkung zu verwenden. Durch die somit verbesserte erreichbare Positionierbarkeit der Sendevorrichtung wird die Abweichung zur Empfangsvorrichtung genauer messbar und kann somit besser genutzt werden, um die Sendevorrichtung möglichst nahe der Empfangsvorrichtung zu positionieren. In one possible embodiment of the invention, the transmitting device uses a so-called phased array antenna. In this case, the radiation behavior of the existing of a plurality of individual antennas phased array antenna is dynamically influenced by a suitable electrical control of the control unit. As a result, inter alia, the directional characteristic of the transmitting device can be changed, with the possibility of a suitable control, the possibility is possible to signal the environment of the transmitting device signal technology. On the basis of the data determined therefrom, it is possible by means of the control unit, for example, to select the transmission antenna which is most suitable for the energy transmission or to correspondingly control the phased array antenna. Furthermore, it is advantageous and easy to use transmit antennas with a particularly high directivity due to the large number of individual antennas. Due to the thus improved achievable positioning of the transmitting device, the deviation from the receiving device can be measured more accurately and thus can be better utilized to position the transmitting device as close as possible to the receiving device.
Bei einer geeigneten alternativen Ausgestaltung ermöglicht die Nutzung einer derartigen Phased-Array-Antenne den Verzicht auf die mechanische Neupositionierung der Sendevorrichtung . In a suitable alternative embodiment, the use of such a phased array antenna makes it possible to dispense with the mechanical repositioning of the transmitting device.
In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführung des Verfahrens wird die Tatsache genutzt, dass durch die verbesserte Genauigkeit der Gegenüberstellung der Sende- und Empfangsvorrichtung die Voraussetzung für eine besonders effiziente drahtlose Energieübertragung vom Haltepunkt an das Objekt si- chergestellt ist. Hierzu wird nach einer Neupositionierung der Sendevorrichtung ein Ladevorgang gestartet, bei dem ein zur Energieübertragung geeignetes Energiesignal in die Sendevorrichtung eingeprägt wird. Durch eine geeignete Frequenz - wähl und Antennencharakteristik ergibt sich eine effiziente Übertragung der Energie vom Haltepunkt an das Objekt, wo die Energie im Energiespeicher gespeichert wird. In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the method, the fact is used that the condition for a particularly efficient wireless energy transmission from the breakpoint to the object is due to the improved accuracy of the comparison of the transmitting and receiving device. is ensured. For this purpose, after a repositioning of the transmitting device, a charging process is started in which an energy signal suitable for energy transmission is impressed into the transmitting device. By means of a suitable frequency selection and antenna characteristic, an efficient transfer of the energy from the breakpoint to the object results, where the energy is stored in the energy store.
In der bevorzugten Anwendung handelt es sich bei dem Objekt um ein Schienenfahrzeug, welches mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung gekoppelt ist. Hierdurch ist ein effizientes Laden des Energiespeichers am vorgesehenen Haltepunkt, zum Beispiel an einer Haltestelle, ermöglicht. Hierzu weist das Schienenfahrzeug beispielsweise frontseitig eine Antennenan- Ordnung zum Empfang von streckenseitigen Induktionssignalen als Ladesignale auf. Grundsätzlich kann das Verfahren und/ oder eine entsprechende Vorrichtung aber auch für eine Anzahl weiterer Anwendungen eingesetzt werden, bei denen ein Energiespeicher eines bewegten Objekts drahtlos geladen werden soll, beispielsweise bei elektromotorisch betriebenen Kraftfahrzeugen oder bei Fahrzeugen für industrielle Anwendungen. In the preferred application, the object is a rail vehicle which is coupled to a device according to the invention. As a result, an efficient charging of the energy storage at the designated breakpoint, for example, at a stop allows. For this purpose, the rail vehicle, for example, on the front side an antenna arrangement for receiving track-side induction signals as charging signals. In principle, however, the method and / or a corresponding device can also be used for a number of other applications in which an energy store of a moving object is to be charged wirelessly, for example in motor vehicles operated by an electric motor or in vehicles for industrial applications.
Nachfolgend werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert. Darin zeigen: Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing. Show:
FIG 1 in Seitenansicht ein Schienenfahrzeug nach erfolgter Anfahrt in einem Bereich einer streckenseitig montierten Sendevorrichtung, und 1 shows a side view of a rail vehicle after arriving in a range of a trackside mounted transmitting device, and
FIG 2 in Perspektive das Schienenfahrzeug nach FIG 1,  2 shows in perspective the rail vehicle according to FIG. 1,
FIG 1 stellt vereinfacht den Aufbau und die Funktionsweise einer Vorrichtung 2 zur drahtlosen Energieübertragung für ein Schienenfahrzeug 4 an einem Haltepunkt H mit fünf streckenseitigen Antennen A11( A12 , A2i , A22 und Am, insbesondere Rieht- antennen, einer Sendevorrichtung 6 dar. Die Antennen (Sendeantennen) An , i2 , A2i , A22 und Am werden mit hochfrequenten, modulierten Induktionssignalen S beaufschlagt. Der für die Energieübertragung ideale Haltepunkt H ist in dieser Ausführung insbesondere unter der Antenne Am. 1 shows, in simplified form, the construction and the mode of operation of a device 2 for wireless energy transmission for a rail vehicle 4 at a breakpoint H with five trackside antennas A 11 ( A 12 , A 2 i, A 22 and A m , in particular Rieht antennas, a transmitting device The antennas (transmitting antennas) An, i2, A 2 i, A 22 and A m are subjected to high-frequency, modulated induction signals S. Energy transfer ideal breakpoint H is in this embodiment, in particular under the antenna A m .
Eine der streckenseitigen Sendevorrichtung 6 zugewandte Em- pfangsantenne 8 als Empfangsvorrichtung ist an der Oberseite des Schienenfahrzeugs 4 angeordnet . Bei einer Annäherung der Empfangsantenne 8 an die Sendevorrichtung 6 erfolgt zumindest teilweise eine durch Magnetresonanz bedingte Bedämpfung der Sendeantennen A11( A12 , A21, A22 und Am. Die Bedämpfung der Sen- deantennen A11( A12 , A21, A22 und Am wird streckenseitig mittels einer Steuereinheit 10 durch eine Strommessung erfasst und ausgewertet . Die Antennen der Sendevorrichtung 6 erzeugen kontinuierlich und drahtlos die Induktionssignale S als elektromagnetische Hochfrequenzfelder mit geringer Reichwei- te . Die von unterschiedlichen Antennen A11( A12 , A21, A22 und Am erfassten Bedämpfungspegel , die durch Frequenz und Modulationsunterschiede einfach zu trennen sind und bei geeigneter Richtcharakteristik der Antennen A11( A12 , A21, A22 und Am prägnante Signalverläufe erzeugen, werden von der Steuereinheit 10 ausgewertet und als Abstandsäquivalent und Führungsgröße zur Annäherung der Sendevorrichtung 10 an die Empfangsantenne 8 herangezogen. One of the trackside transmitting device 6 facing receiving antenna 8 as a receiving device is disposed on the upper side of the rail vehicle 4. When the receiving antenna 8 approaches the transmitting device 6, attenuation of the transmitting antennas A 11 ( A 12 , A 21 , A 22 and A m) occurs at least partially due to magnetic resonance. The damping of the transmitting antennas A 11 ( A 12 , A 21 , a 22 and a m is trackside detected by means of a control unit 10 by measuring the current and evaluated. the antennas of the transmitting device 6 continuously and wirelessly generate the induction signals S as a high-frequency electromagnetic fields te low Reichwei-. the different antennas a 11 (a 12, a 21 , A 22 and A m detected attenuation levels, which are easy to separate by frequency and modulation differences and generate a suitable directional characteristic of the antennas A 11 ( A 12 , A 21 , A 22 and A m succinct signal waveforms are evaluated by the control unit 10 and used as a distance equivalent and reference variable for approximation of the transmitting device 10 to the receiving antenna 8.
Anhand der registrierten Bedämpfungsintensitätsverteilung be- ziehungsweise mittels Vergleich der registrierten Bedämpfung der Einzelantennen A11( A12 , A21, A22 und Am mit dem Maximumwert ist mittels der Steuereinheit 10 die Abweichung A zwischen einer Istposition P und einer Sollposition der Sendevorrichtung 6 zum Zwecke einer idealen Energieübertragung bestimmbar, wobei in der dargestellten Ausführung die Sollposition insbesondere der Haltepunkt H ist. On the basis of the registered attenuation intensity distribution or comparison of the registered attenuation of the individual antennas A 11 ( A 12 , A 21 , A 22 and A m with the maximum value, the deviation A between an actual position P and a desired position of the transmitting device 6 is determined by the control unit 10 Purpose of an ideal energy transfer determined, in the illustrated embodiment, the target position is in particular the breakpoint H.
Durch Auswertung der Signalverteilung der Bedämpfung der Sendevorrichtung 6 ist streckenseitig mittels der Steuereinheit 10 die Position des Schienenfahrzeugs 4 in Bezug auf den Haltepunkt H bestimmbar. Mittels einer geeigneten Signalauswertung ist die Steuereinheit 10 weiterhin dazu geeignet und ein- gerichtet zu erfassen, ob das Schienenfahrzeug 4 einen Stillstand erreicht hat . By evaluating the signal distribution of the damping of the transmitting device 6, the position of the rail vehicle 4 with respect to the breakpoint H can be determined on the trackside by means of the control unit 10. By means of a suitable signal evaluation, the control unit 10 is furthermore suitable for this and a directed to detect whether the rail vehicle 4 has reached a standstill.
Bei einem Halt des Schienenfahrzeugs 4 - im Anschluss an eine Anfahrt an den Haltepunkt H - wird von der Steuereinheit 10 anhand der Bedämpfungsverteilung die relative Position zwischen der Sendevorrichtung 6 und der Empfangsantenne 8 berechnet. Anhand der ermittelten, vorhandenen Abweichung A versendet die Steuereinheit 10 Steuersignale Sx und Sy an ei- nen Verstelltisch 12. At a stop of the rail vehicle 4 - following an approach to the breakpoint H - is calculated by the control unit 10 based on the damping distribution, the relative position between the transmitting device 6 and the receiving antenna 8. On the basis of the determined existing deviation A, the control unit 10 sends control signals S x and S y to an adjustment stage 12.
Die Sendevorrichtung 6 umfasst den elektromotorisch verschiebbaren planaren Verstelltisch 12 an dem die Sendeantennen An , i2 , A2i , A22 und Am - wie in FIG 2 ersichtlich - an- geordnet sind. Der Verstelltisch 12 ist etwa rechteckig, wobei jeweils eine Sendeantenne An , Ai2 , A2i und A22 in einer der vier Ecken angeordnet ist sowie die etwa mittig angeordnete Sendeantenne Am. Die Sendevorrichtung 6 ist etwa mittig über dem Haltepunkt H des Schienenfahrzeugs 4, insbesondere an der Unterseite einer Haltestelle angeordnet und elektromotorisch zweidimensional mittels zweier Stellmotoren 14a und 14b verschiebbar. Während eines Verschiebens der Sendevorrichtung 4 wird die Bedämpfung der Sendeantennen An , A12 , A21, A22 und Am kontinuierlich von der Steuereinheit 10 ausgewer- tet . Anhand der registrierten Bedämpfungsintensität werden die Stellmotoren 14a und 14b derart gesteuert, dass sich zumindest eine Sendeantenne, vorzugsweise die Sendeantenne Am, und die Empfangsantenne 8 gegenüberstehen. In einer zusätzlichen oder alternativen Variante tritt anThe transmitting device 6 comprises the electromotively displaceable planar adjustment stage 12 on which the transmitting antennas An, i2, A 2 i, A 22 and A m are arranged , as can be seen in FIG. The adjustment table 12 is approximately rectangular, wherein in each case a transmitting antenna An, Ai 2 , A 2i and A 22 is arranged in one of the four corners and the approximately centrally arranged transmitting antenna A m . The transmitting device 6 is arranged approximately centrally above the stopping point H of the rail vehicle 4, in particular on the underside of a stop, and is displaceable in an electromotive two-dimensional manner by means of two servomotors 14a and 14b. During a shifting of the transmitting device 4, the damping of the transmitting antennas An, A 12 , A 21 , A 22 and A m is continuously evaluated by the control unit 10. Based on the registered attenuation intensity, the servomotors 14a and 14b are controlled in such a way that at least one transmitting antenna, preferably the transmitting antenna A m , and the receiving antenna 8 oppose each other. In an additional or alternative variant occurs
Stelle der Einzelantennen eine Phased-Array-Antenne . Während eines Anfahrens und Haltens des Schienenfahrzeugs 2 werden die Sendeantennen An , Ai2 , A2i , A22 und Am zunächst jeweils mit Induktionssignalen S kleiner Leistung und unterschiedlichen elektromagnetischen Eigenschaften beaufschlagt. In den Figuren ist zum Zwecke einer verbesserten Übersicht lediglich ein Induktionssignal mit einem Bezugszeichen versehen. Abhängig in welcher Position das Schienenfahrzeug 4 in Bezug auf die streckenseitige Sendevorrichtung 6 zum Stehen kommt, ergeben sich unterschiedliche elektrische Verhältnisse an den Sendeantennen An , i2 , A2i , A22 und Am in Bezug auf die Bedämpfung der abgestrahlten elektrischen Induktionssignale S. Anhand dieser Unterschiede kann über einen Regelkreis der Steuereinheit 10 eine Ansteuerung der Stellmotoren 14a und 14b zur Verschiebung der Sendeantennen An , A12 , A2i , A22 und Am in x- und y-Richtung vorgenommen werden, um eine möglichst maximale Bedämpfung der mittig angeordneten Antenne Am zu erhalten. Place the individual antennas a phased array antenna. During a startup and holding of the rail vehicle 2, the transmission antennas An, Ai 2 , A 2 i, A 22 and A m are first each subjected to induction signals S small power and different electromagnetic properties. In the figures, only an induction signal is provided with a reference numeral for the purpose of an improved overview. Depending on the position in which the rail vehicle 4 with respect to Track-side transmitting device 6 comes to a standstill, different electrical conditions at the transmit antennas An, i 2 , A 2 i, A 22 and A m arise in relation to the attenuation of the radiated electrical induction signals S. Based on these differences can via a control loop of the control unit 10th a control of the servomotors 14a and 14b for shifting the transmitting antennas An, A 12 , A 2 i, A 22 and A m are made in the x and y directions in order to obtain the maximum possible attenuation of the centrally arranged antenna A m .
Die von der Empfangsantenne 8 empfangene Signalstärke des Induktionssignals S ist mittels einer Anzeigeeinheit 16 für einen Bediener 18 darstellbar, sodass ein manuelles Neupositionieren im Falle einer zu großen Positionsabweichung unter der Sendeantenne Am erleichtert wird. Nach erfolgter Positionierung der Sendeantenne Am über der im Wesentlichen gegenüberliegenden Empfangsantenne 8 wird die Energieübertragung gestartet. Hierbei wird die durch das Induktionssignal S übertragene Ladeenergie in einem fahrzeugseitigen Energie- Speicher 20 hinterlegt. The signal strength of the induction signal S received by the receiving antenna 8 can be displayed by means of a display unit 16 for an operator 18, so that a manual repositioning is facilitated in the event of an excessive positional deviation under the transmitting antenna A m . After positioning of the transmitting antenna A m on the substantially opposite receiving antenna 8, the energy transfer is started. In this case, the charge energy transmitted by the induction signal S is stored in a vehicle-side energy store 20.
In einer möglichen alternativen Ausführungsvariante können strecken- und fahrzeugseitige Einrichtungen vertauscht sein, das heißt die bewegliche Sendevorrichtung 4 beziehungsweise die Phased-Array-Antenne und die zugehörige Steuereinheit 10 sind im Schienenfahrzeug 4 integriert. Dies kann zweckmäßig sein, wenn die Anzahl der beweglichen Objekte klein ist und keine Platzprobleme beim Schienenfahrzeug 4 bezüglich der Integration der Einrichtung bestehen. In a possible alternative embodiment variant, track and vehicle-side devices can be reversed, that is to say the movable transmission device 4 or the phased array antenna and the associated control unit 10 are integrated in the rail vehicle 4. This may be useful if the number of moving objects is small and there are no space problems with the rail vehicle 4 with respect to the integration of the device.
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt. Vielmehr können auch andere Varianten der Erfindung von dem Fachmann hieraus abgeleitet werden ohne den Gegenstand der Erfindung zu verlassen. Insbe- sondere sind ferner alle im Zusammenhang mit den verschiedenen Ausführungsbeispielen beschriebenen Einzelmerkmale auch auf andere Weise miteinander kombinierbar, ohne den Gegenstand der Erfindung zu verlassen. Bezugszeichenliste The invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. On the contrary, other variants of the invention can be derived therefrom by the person skilled in the art without departing from the subject matter of the invention. In particular, furthermore, all individual features described in connection with the various exemplary embodiments can also be combined with one another in other ways, without leaving the subject matter of the invention. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
2 Vorrichtung 4 Schienenfahrzeug 6 Sendevorrichtung 8 Empfangsantenne2 device 4 rail vehicle 6 transmission device 8 receiving antenna
10 Steuereinheit 12 Verstelltisch10 Control unit 12 Adjustment table
14a, 14b Stellmotor 14a, 14b servomotor
16 Anzeigeeinheit 16 display unit
18 Bediener 18 operators
20 Energiespeicher  20 energy storage
An , Ai2 , A2i , A22 , Antennen An, Ai2, A 2 i, A 2 2, antennas
H Haltepunkt  H breakpoint
S Induktionssignal S induction signal
A Abweichung A deviation
I Istposition  I actual position
Steuersignal  control signal

Claims

Verfahren zur drahtlosen Energieübertragung für ein bewegtes Objekt (4) an einem vorgegebenen Haltepunkt (H) , umfassend eine relativbewegliche Antennenanordnung (6, 8) mit einer haltepunktseitigen Sendevorrichtung (4) und mit einer obj ektseitigen Empfangsvorrichtung (8), sowie einen Energiespeicher (20) und eine Steuereinheit (10) , wobei die Steuereinheit (10) Method for wireless energy transmission for a moving object (4) at a predetermined breakpoint (H), comprising a relatively movable antenna arrangement (6, 8) with a holding point-side transmitting device (4) and with an object-side receiving device (8), and an energy store (20 ) and a control unit (10), wherein the control unit (10)
- bei einem Halt des Objektes eine Abweichung (A) zwischen einer Istposition (I) und einer Sollposition (H) der Antennenanordnung (6, 8) mittels der Sendevorrichtung (6) und Empfangsvorrichtung (8) ermittelt, und - At a stop of the object, a deviation (A) between an actual position (I) and a desired position (H) of the antenna arrangement (6, 8) by means of the transmitting device (6) and receiving device (8) determined, and
- anhand der ermittelten Abweichung (A) eine Neupositionierung der Sendevorrichtung (6) startet, bei der die Istposition (I) korrigiert wird. - Based on the determined deviation (A) starts a repositioning of the transmitting device (6), in which the actual position (I) is corrected.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, Method according to claim 1,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, characterized,
dass zur Ermittlung der Abweichung (A) die Sendevorrichtung (6) bewegt wird. in that the transmission device (6) is moved in order to determine the deviation (A).
Verfahren nach Anspruch 2 , Method according to claim 2,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, characterized,
dass die Sendevorrichtung (6) in einer Ebene bewegt wird. that the transmitting device (6) is moved in one plane.
Verfahren nach einer der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, Method according to one of claims 1 to 3,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, characterized,
dass während einer Relativbewegung der Antennenanordnungin that during a relative movement of the antenna arrangement
(6, 8) eine Signalwertverteilung erfasst wird, aus der, insbesondere mittels eines Maximumwerts, die Abweichung(6, 8) a signal value distribution is detected, from which, in particular by means of a maximum value, the deviation
(A) bestimmt wird. (A) is determined.
Verfahren nach einer der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, Method according to one of claims 1 to 4,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, characterized,
dass die Abweichung (A) auf einer obj ektseitigen Anzeigeeinheit (16) dargestellt wird. the deviation (A) is displayed on an object-side display unit (16).
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t,  characterized,
dass die Sendevorrichtung (6) eine Anzahl von benachbarten Sendeantennen (A11( A12, A2i, A22, Am) aufweist, die mit einem modulierten Funksignal (I) beaufschlagt werden. in that the transmitting device (6) has a number of adjacent transmitting antennas (A 11, A 12 , A 2 i, A 22 , A m ) which are acted on by a modulated radio signal (I).
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t,  characterized,
dass nach einer Neupositionierung ein Ladevorgang gestar- tet wird, bei dem ein zur Energieübertragung geeignetes after a repositioning, a charging process is started in which a suitable one for energy transmission
Energiesignal (I) von der Sendevorrichtung (6) an die Empfangsvorrichtung (8) versendet, und die dadurch übertragene Ladeenergie in dem Energiespeicher (20) des Objekts (4) hinterlegt wird. Energy signal (I) from the transmitting device (6) to the receiving device (8) shipped, and thereby transferred charging energy in the energy storage (20) of the object (4) is deposited.
8. Verfahren zur drahtlosen Energieübertragung für ein bewegtes Objekt (4) an einem vorgegebenen Haltepunkt (H) , umfassend eine Antennenanordnung (6, 8) mit einer halte- punktseitigen Phased-Array-Sendevorrichtung (4) und mit einer obj ektseitigen Empfangsvorrichtung (8), sowie einen8. A method for wireless energy transmission for a moving object (4) at a predetermined breakpoint (H), comprising an antenna arrangement (6, 8) with a holding-point-side phased array transmitting device (4) and with a obj ektseitigen receiving device (8 ), as well as one
Energiespeicher (20) und eine Steuereinheit (10) , wobei die Steuereinheit (10) Energy storage (20) and a control unit (10), wherein the control unit (10)
- bei einem Halt des Objektes eine Abweichung (A) zwischen einer Istposition (I) und einer Sollposition (H) der Antennenanordnung (6, 8) mittels der Phased-Array- when the object stops, a deviation (A) between an actual position (I) and a desired position (H) of the antenna arrangement (6, 8) by means of the phased array
Sendevorrichtung (6) und Empfangsvorrichtung (8) ermittelt, und Transmitter (6) and receiving device (8) determined, and
- anhand der ermittelten Abweichung (A) eine Neupositionierung der Sendevorrichtung (6) startet, bei der die Istposition (I) korrigiert wird.  - Based on the determined deviation (A) starts a repositioning of the transmitting device (6), in which the actual position (I) is corrected.
9. Vorrichtung (2) zur drahtlosen Energieübertragung für ein bewegtes Objekt (4) an einem vorgegebenen Haltepunkt (H) , umfassend eine relativbewegliche Antennenanordnung (6, 8) mit einer haltepunktseitigen Sendevorrichtung (6) und mit einer obj ektseitigen Empfangsvorrichtung (8), sowie einen Energiespeicher (20) und eine Steuereinheit (10) zur Bestimmung einer Abweichung (A) zwischen einer Istposition (I) und einer Sollposition (H) der Antennenanordnung (6, 8) nach einem Halt des Objektes (4) für eine anschließende Neupositionierung der Antennenanordnung (6, 8) . 9. A device (2) for wireless energy transmission for a moving object (4) at a predetermined breakpoint (H), comprising a relatively movable antenna arrangement (6, 8) with a holding point-side transmitting device (6) and with a obj ektseitigen receiving device (8), and an energy store (20) and a control unit (10) for determining a deviation (A) between an actual position (I) and a desired position (H) of the antenna arrangement (6, 8) after a stop of the object (4) for a subsequent repositioning of the antenna arrangement (6, 8).
10. Vorrichtung (2) nach Anspruch 9, 10. Device (2) according to claim 9,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t,  characterized,
dass die Sendevorrichtung (6) an der Unterseite eines Dachs des Haltepunkts (H) angeordnet und elektromotorisch zweidimensional bewegbar ist.  in that the transmitting device (6) is arranged on the underside of a roof of the holding point (H) and can be moved in two dimensions by an electric motor.
11. Vorrichtung (2) nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, 11. Device (2) according to claim 9 or 10,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t,  characterized,
dass die Sendevorrichtung (6) eine Anzahl von benachbarten Sendeantennen (A11( A12, A2i, A22, Am) umfasst, die mit einem modulierten Funksignal (I) beaufschlagt sind. in that the transmitting device (6) comprises a number of adjacent transmitting antennas (A 11, A 12 , A 2 i, A 22 , A m ) which are acted on by a modulated radio signal (I).
12. Vorrichtung (2) zur drahtlosen Energieübertragung für ein bewegtes Objekt (4) an einem vorgegebenen Haltepunkt (H) , umfassend eine Antennenanordnung (6, 8) mit einer halte- punktseitigen Pased-Array-Sendevorrichtung (6) und mit einer obj ektseitigen Empfangsvorrichtung (8), sowie einen Energiespeicher (20) und eine Steuereinheit (10) zur Bestimmung einer Abweichung (A) zwischen einer Istposition (I) und einer Sollposition (H) der Antennenanordnung (6, 8) nach einem Halt des Objektes (4) für eine anschließende Neupositionierung der Antennenanordnung (6, 8) . 12. A device (2) for wireless energy transmission for a moving object (4) at a predetermined breakpoint (H), comprising an antenna arrangement (6, 8) with a holding-point Pased array transmitting device (6) and with a obj ectseitigen Receiving device (8), and an energy store (20) and a control unit (10) for determining a deviation (A) between an actual position (I) and a desired position (H) of the antenna arrangement (6, 8) after a stop of the object (4 ) for a subsequent repositioning of the antenna arrangement (6, 8).
PCT/EP2014/066188 2013-08-05 2014-07-28 Method and apparatus for wireless energy transfer for a moving object WO2015018684A1 (en)

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