WO2015018336A1 - 控制nfc标签的方法和受控nfc标签 - Google Patents

控制nfc标签的方法和受控nfc标签 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015018336A1
WO2015018336A1 PCT/CN2014/083781 CN2014083781W WO2015018336A1 WO 2015018336 A1 WO2015018336 A1 WO 2015018336A1 CN 2014083781 W CN2014083781 W CN 2014083781W WO 2015018336 A1 WO2015018336 A1 WO 2015018336A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electronic switch
nfc tag
nfc
signal
control
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2014/083781
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘洋
陈立国
徐小龙
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Goertek Inc
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Goertek Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by Goertek Inc filed Critical Goertek Inc
Priority to US14/910,346 priority Critical patent/US9805230B2/en
Publication of WO2015018336A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015018336A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10316—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves using at least one antenna particularly designed for interrogating the wireless record carriers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/073—Special arrangements for circuits, e.g. for protecting identification code in memory
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • G06K19/07773—Antenna details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10158—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves methods and means used by the interrogation device for reliably powering the wireless record carriers using an electromagnetic interrogation field

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of short-range wireless communication technologies, and more particularly to a method of controlling an NFC tag and a controlled NFC tag. Background technique
  • NFC Near Field Communication
  • RFID radio frequency identification
  • NFC adopts unique signal attenuation. Technology, thus enabling it to communicate over very short distances (eg 10 cm).
  • NFC has high security due to its short communication distance, so it is very suitable for applications such as identification and secure payment.
  • NFC communication devices have three modes of operation, namely tag mode, card reader mode and point-to-point mode.
  • the tag mode also known as card mode, is a passive mode.
  • a typical example of an NFC communication device operating in tag mode is a normal NFC tag, which can store, for example, personal information, payment information, Bluetooth address information, WIFI address information, etc. for reading, suitable for use in posters, identification, wireless Secure payment, Bluetooth pairing, WIFI pairing and other applications.
  • the reader mode is an active mode, and NFC communication devices (such as NFC phones) operating in the card reader mode can read stored information from the NFC tag and even write the information to the NFC tag.
  • Point-to-point mode is used for data exchange. Specifically, two NFC communication devices working in point-to-point mode can implement point-to-point data transmission, such as downloading music, exchanging pictures, and the like.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of a conventional NFC card reader and NFC tag.
  • a common NFC tag includes an NFC tag chip and an NFC antenna coil.
  • the NFC card reader emits electromagnetic energy to the NFC tag, and the NFC tag coil on the NFC tag couples the electromagnetic
  • the energy is transferred to the NFC tag chip connected to the NFC antenna coil, and the NFC tag chip converts the electromagnetic energy into its internal microcontroller through the rectifier circuit.
  • the power required by circuits such as modems and memories.
  • the microcontroller, modem, and memory circuits start working after power-on, the information stored in the NFC tag chip can be sent to the NFC reader through the NFC antenna coil.
  • the coupling mode of the NFC tag chip and the NFC card reader is magnetic field coupling, and the coil can be used as the NFC antenna.
  • a conventional NFC tag does not require a power supply itself and can be powered by receiving electromagnetic energy emitted by the NFC reader.
  • the NFC tag is activated and the stored information is automatically sent to the NFC card reader.
  • this situation is undesirable in some applications.
  • Bluetooth headset pairing information such as a Bluetooth address is stored in the NFC tag, when an electronic device with an NFC card reader (such as an NFC phone) is placed near a Bluetooth headset with an NFC tag.
  • the electronic device When the electronic device reads the headset pairing information such as the Bluetooth address in the NFC tag of the Bluetooth headset through the NFC card reader, the pairing is performed with the Bluetooth headset. In this case, even if the Bluetooth headset is turned off, as long as the electronic device is close to the Bluetooth headset, it can still read the pairing information in the Bluetooth headset, thereby initiating the Bluetooth protocol to actively pair with the Bluetooth headset.
  • the headset pairing information such as the Bluetooth address in the NFC tag of the Bluetooth headset through the NFC card reader
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above problems in the prior art, and an object thereof is to provide a method for controlling an NFC tag and a controlled NFC tag to conditionally information in an NFC tag chip. Read, thereby avoiding unnecessary operations and improving the security of information stored in the NFC tag chip.
  • a method of controlling an NFC tag comprising: generating an off control signal or a conduction control signal for turning an electronic switch off or on;
  • the conduction control signal is applied to the electronic switch in parallel with the NFC antenna coil in the NFC tag, and the enable or disable signal is enabled or disabled by the electronic switch to enable or disable the electromagnetic energy coupled in the NFC antenna coil to be transmitted to the NFC tag chip in the NFC tag.
  • a controlled NFC tag comprising: an NFC tag body,
  • the NFC tag main body includes an NFC tag chip and an NFC antenna coil;
  • the electronic switch includes: a first connection end, a second connection end, and a control end, wherein the first connection end and the second connection end are respectively connected to the two ends of the NFC antenna coil;
  • An electronic switch control circuit the electronic switch control circuit has an enable or disable signal input end and an output end, and the output end is connected to the control end of the electronic switch, wherein when the enable or disable signal is enabled or disabled from the electronic switch control circuit
  • the enable or disable signal output end of the electronic switch control circuit outputs an off control signal or a conduction control signal correspondingly, and the disconnection control signal or the conduction control signal is applied to the control end of the electronic switch to make the electronic
  • the first connection end and the second connection end of the switch are correspondingly disconnected or turned on, thereby correspondingly enabling or disabling the electromagnetic energy coupled in the NFC antenna coil
  • the method for controlling an NFC tag and the controlled NFC tag provided by the present invention, by setting an electronic switch, conditional reading of information in the NFC tag chip can be performed, thereby avoiding unnecessary
  • the operation also improves the security of information stored in the NFC tag chip.
  • the method for controlling an NFC tag and the controlled NFC tag provided by the present invention can be applied to various occasions, in particular, can be used in a Bluetooth headset, so that information embedded in the NFC tag chip when the Bluetooth headset is turned off Not being read.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of an NFC card reader and an NFC tag
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a flow of a method for controlling an NFC tag provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit block diagram showing the structure of a controlled NFC tag provided by the present invention
  • 4a-4d are circuit block diagrams showing four example structures of an electronic switch control circuit in a controlled NFC tag provided by the present invention.
  • FIGS. 5a-5b are circuit diagrams showing two embodiments of electronic switches in a controlled NFC tag provided by the present invention, respectively. detailed description
  • the present invention can provide an electronic switch.
  • the conditional reading of the information in the NFC tag chip can avoid unnecessary operations and improve the security of the information stored in the NFC tag chip.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the operation of controlling an NFC tag in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the NFC tag 1 is the ordinary NFC tag described in FIG. 1 above, and includes an NFC tag chip 11 and an NFC antenna coil 12. Further, an electronic switch 2 is connected to both ends of the NFC antenna coil 12.
  • an off control signal or a conduction control signal for turning off or turning on the electronic switch is generated.
  • the disconnection control signal or the conduction control signal is applied to the electronic switch 2 in parallel with the NFC antenna coil 12 in the NFC tag 1, and the enable or disable signal is enabled through the electronic switch 2 or The electromagnetic energy coupled in the NFC antenna coil 12 is prohibited from being transmitted to the NFC tag chip 11.
  • the opening of the electronic switch 2 does not change the properties of the NFC antenna coil 12, and the closing of the electronic switch 2 changes the properties of the NFC antenna coil 12.
  • the electronic switch 2 when the electronic switch 2 is turned off, it emits an enable signal, thereby enabling electromagnetic energy coupled in the NFC antenna coil to be transmitted to the NFC tag chip in the NFC tag; when the electronic switch 2 is closed, it issues a disable signal, thereby The electromagnetic energy coupled in the NFC antenna coil is prohibited from being transferred to the NFC tag chip in the NFC tag.
  • the electronic switch 2 when the electronic switch 2 is turned off, its impedance is high. At this time, the load of the NFC antenna coil 12 is only the NFC tag chip 11 of the subsequent stage, and thus the electromagnetic energy coupled in the NFC antenna coil 12 can be completely transmitted. It is on the NFC tag chip 11 of the subsequent stage, so that normal wireless communication between the NFC card reader and the NFC tag 1 can be ensured.
  • the electronic switch 2 When the electronic switch 2 is turned on (ie, closed), its impedance is low, and the NFC antenna coil 12 can be short-circuited. Therefore, the electromagnetic energy coupled in the NFC antenna coil 12 cannot be transmitted to the NFC tag chip 11 of the subsequent stage, thereby NFC card reader is prohibited
  • the wireless communication with the NFC tag 1 prevents the NFC card reader from reading the information in the NFC tag chip 11.
  • the off control signal or the on control signal can be generated by inputting an enable signal or a disable signal to the electronic switch control circuit.
  • controlling the opening or conducting of the electronic switch may require a disconnection control signal or a conduction control signal having a higher voltage level. Therefore, the electronic switch control circuit may include a boost circuit to provide a voltage level to the external power source. Boosting is performed, or the voltage level generated by the enable signal or the disable signal or the voltage level generated by the enable signal or the disable signal is boosted to generate a desired off control signal or turn-on control signal.
  • the electronic switch 2 may be mainly composed of a JFET (Junction Fidd Effect Transistor) or a MOSFET (Metal-Des Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor).
  • the JFET includes an n-channel.
  • p-channel JFETs which include n-channel and p-channel enhancement MOSFETs as well as n-channel and p-channel depletion MOSFETs.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit block diagram showing the structure of the controlled NFC tag of the present invention.
  • the controlled NFC tag 100 of the present invention includes an NFC tag main body 1, an electronic switch 2, and an electronic switch control circuit 3.
  • the NFC tag main body 1 is the ordinary NFC tag shown in Fig. 1 described above, and includes an NFC tag chip 11 and an NFC antenna coil 12 connected to the NFC tag chip 11.
  • the electronic switch 2 includes a first connection end 2a, a second connection end 2b, and a control end 2c, wherein the first connection end 2a and the second connection end 2b are respectively connected to both ends of the NFC antenna coil 12.
  • the electronic switch control circuit 3 has an enable or disable signal input terminal 3a and an output terminal 3b, and the output terminal 3b is connected to the control terminal 2c of the electronic switch 2.
  • the NFC tag body 1, the electronic switch 2, and the electronic switch control circuit 3 can be discrete units.
  • the electronic switch 2 can also be integrated on the NFC tag chip 11, or the electronic switch 2 and the electronic switch control circuit 3 can be integrated on the NFC tag chip 11.
  • the output terminal 3b of the electronic switch control circuit 3 correspondingly outputs the open control signal or the conduction control signal, and the control is turned off.
  • a signal or conduction control signal is applied to the control terminal 2c of the electronic switch 2 to cause the first connection end 2a and the second connection end 2b of the electronic switch 2 to be disconnected or turned on correspondingly. That is, when the enable signal is input from the enable or disable signal input terminal 3a of the electronic switch control circuit 3, The disconnection control signal is output from the output terminal 3b of the electronic switch control circuit 3, and is applied to the control terminal 2c of the electronic switch 2, thereby turning off the electronic switch 2.
  • the turn-on control signal is output from the output terminal 3b of the electronic switch control circuit 3, and is applied to the control terminal 2c of the electronic switch 2, thereby The electronic switch 2 is turned on (ie, closed).
  • the electronic switch 2 When the electronic switch 2 is turned off, its impedance is high. At this time, the load of the NFC antenna coil 12 is only the NFC tag chip 11 of the latter stage, and thus the electromagnetic energy coupled in the NFC antenna coil 12 can be completely transmitted to the subsequent stage. On the NFC tag chip 11, normal wireless communication between the NFC card reader and the NFC tag body 1 can be ensured.
  • the electronic switch 2 When the electronic switch 2 is turned on (ie, closed), its impedance is low, and the NFC antenna coil 12 can be short-circuited. Therefore, the electromagnetic energy coupled in the NFC antenna coil 12 cannot be transmitted to the NFC tag chip 11 of the subsequent stage, thereby The wireless communication between the NFC card reader and the NFC tag body 1 is prohibited, so that the NFC card reader cannot read the NFC tag chip 11
  • the electronic switch control circuit 3 may include a boosting circuit to output an output of the electronic switch 2 Disconnected or turned-on disconnect control signal or turn-on control signal.
  • 4a-4d are circuit block diagrams showing four example configurations of electronic switch control circuits in the controlled NFC tag of the present invention, respectively.
  • the electronic switch control circuit 3 includes a controlled boost circuit 31, which is controlled when an enable/disable signal is input to the controlled boost circuit 31 through the input terminal 3a of the electronic switch control circuit 3.
  • the circuit 31 can output an off/on control signal, such as nVcc/0, through the output terminal 3b, where Vcc is the supply voltage supplied to the controlled boost circuit 31, n is the boosting coefficient, and n is greater than 1
  • Vcc is the supply voltage supplied to the controlled boost circuit 31
  • n is the boosting coefficient
  • n is greater than 1
  • the electronic switch control circuit 3 includes a controlled voltage inverting circuit 32 and a boosting circuit 33, which are input to the controlled voltage inverting circuit 32 through the input terminal 3a of the electronic switch control circuit 3 when the enable/disable signal is passed.
  • the controlled voltage inverting circuit 32 outputs, for example, -Vcc/0, where Vcc is the power supply voltage supplied to the controlled voltage inverting circuit 32.
  • the output voltage of the controlled voltage inverting circuit 32 is boosted by the boosting circuit 33, and becomes an off/on control signal -nVcc/0 and is output through the output terminal 3b.
  • the electronic switch control circuit 3 includes a controlled boost circuit 31, which is controlled when an enable/disable signal is input to the controlled boost circuit 31 through the input terminal 3a of the electronic switch control circuit 3.
  • the circuit 31 can output an off/on control signal, such as -nVcc/0, through the output terminal 3b, where -Vcc is the supply voltage supplied to the controlled boost circuit 31.
  • the electronic switch control circuit 3 includes a booster circuit 33.
  • the enable/disable signal serves as both a control signal and a power supply signal.
  • an enable/disable signal for example, Vcc/0
  • the boosting circuit 33 outputs an off/on control signal through the output terminal 3b, for example, nVcc/0.
  • the electronic device equipped with the controlled NFC tag provided by the present invention can read the NFC tag chip in the controlled NFC tag when the device is turned on, and the NFC tag in the controlled NFC tag when the device is turned off.
  • the chip is not readable.
  • the enable signal can be a non-zero voltage signal and the disable signal can be a 0V voltage signal.
  • the electronic switch 2 can be constructed of various field effect transistors. In some applications of the present invention, it is desirable that the electronic switch 2 is a normally closed switch, that is, when the control terminal has no control signal (for example, when the power is off, the control signal is 0V), the electronic switch 2 is turned on (ie, closed) State, and when the control terminal has a control signal (for example, when power is applied), the electronic switch 2 is in the off state. Therefore, in some embodiments of the present invention, an n-channel or p-channel JFET and/or an n-channel or p-channel depletion MOSFET may be employed to constitute a normally-closed electronic switch, but the electronic switch of the present invention is Not limited to this. An exemplary structure of the electronic switch 2 will be described below by taking an n-channel JFET and an n-channel depletion MOSFET as an example.
  • Figures 5a-5b are circuit diagrams showing two embodiments of electronic switches in a controlled NFC tag provided by the present invention, respectively.
  • the electronic switch 2 includes an n-channel JFET (Q1) whose gate is the control terminal 2c of the electronic switch 2.
  • the source and drain of the JFET are electronic switches.
  • a sufficiently large negative voltage for example, -nVcc
  • the electronic switch control circuit 3 previously described with reference to Figs. 4b and 4c can be selected to control the opening and closing of the electronic switch 2 in this embodiment.
  • the electronic switch 2 includes two series-connected n-channel depletion MOSFETs (T1 and T2) and two protection diodes (D1 and D2) respectively connected in parallel with the two depletion MOSFETs. ), wherein the gates of the two depletion MOSFETs (T1 and T2) together constitute the control terminal 2c of the electronic switch 2.
  • the instantaneous voltage peaks at both ends of the NFC antenna coil 12 coupled with electromagnetic energy can be as high as 10V or even more than 10V.
  • Two protection diodes (D1 and D2) protect the two n-channel depletion MOSFETs (Tl and T2) from high voltage damage.
  • D1 and D2 ie, back-to-back or face-to-face connection of D1 and D2
  • T1 and D2 the protection connection of D1 and D2
  • one of the tubes in T1, ⁇ 2 is only subjected to no
  • the voltage of the reverse breakdown voltage of D1 or D2 is exceeded, the other tube is short-circuited.
  • the electronic switch control circuit 3 previously described with reference to Figs. 4b and 4c can be selected to control the opening and turning of the electronic switch 2 in the present embodiment.
  • the controlled NFC tag 100 provided by the present invention can have many applications, and in particular, can be applied to a Bluetooth headset.
  • a Bluetooth headset if the Bluetooth headset is powered on, an enable signal (eg, Vcc) is applied to enable the electronic switch control circuit in the controlled NFC tag or The signal input is disabled, causing the electronic switch in the controlled NFC tag to open.
  • an electronic device for example, an NFC mobile phone
  • the electronic device can read the pairing information of the headset such as the Bluetooth address in the NFC tag chip of the Bluetooth headset, thereby interacting with the Bluetooth. Headphones are paired.
  • a disable signal (eg, 0V) is applied to the enable or disable signal input of the electronic switch control circuit in the controlled NFC tag, thereby turning the electronic switch in the controlled NFC tag on (closed) ).
  • an electronic device for example, an NFC mobile phone
  • the electronic device cannot read the pairing information in the NFC tag chip of the Bluetooth earphone, and thus cannot perform with the Bluetooth earphone. pair. In this way, unnecessary operations can be avoided, and the security of information in the NFC tag chip can be improved.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种控制NFC标签的方法和受控NFC标签，其中的方法包括：产生使电子开关断开或导通的断开控制信号或导通控制信号；断开控制信号或导通控制信号施加在与NFC标签中的NFC天线线圈并联的电子开关上，通过电子开关发出使能或禁止信号使能或禁止NFC天线线圈中耦合的电磁能量向NFC标签中的NFC标签芯片传递。其中，受控NFC标签包括：NFC标签主体、与NFC标签主体中的NFC天线线圈并联的电子开关和为该电子开关产生断开/导通控制信号的电子开关控制电路。通过本发明能够对NFC标签芯片内的信息进行有条件的读取，从而避免一些不必要的操作，同时提高存储在NFC标签芯片内的信息的安全性。

Description

控制 NFC标签的方法和受控 NFC标签
技术领域
本发明涉及近距离无线通信技术领域， 更为具体地， 涉及一种控制 NFC 标签的方法和一种受控 NFC标签。 背景技术
随着无线通讯技术的发展， 尤其是近距离的无线通信技术， 使得电子设 备之间可以在有限的范围内进行数据交换。 近距离无线通信 （Near Field Communication, NFC)技术是从射频识别 （RFID)技术发展起来的一种短距 离高频无线通信技术， 其与红外线通信、 蓝牙通信相比， NFC采取了独特的 信号衰减技术， 因而使得其能够在非常短的距离 （例如 10 cm) 内进行通信。 NFC由于通信距离短而具有较高的安全性，因此其非常适合应用于身份识别、 安全支付等场合。
NFC通信设备有三种工作模式， 即标签模式、读卡器模式和点对点模式。 标签模式又称卡模式， 是一种被动模式。 工作在标签模式下的 NFC通信设备 的典型例子为普通的 NFC标签， 其可以存储例如个人信息、 支付信息、 蓝牙 地址信息、 WIFI地址信息等以供读取， 适合用在海报、 身份识别、 无线安全 支付、 蓝牙配对、 WIFI配对等应用场合。 读卡器模式是一种主动模式， 工作 在读卡器模式下的 NFC通信设备 （例如 NFC手机） 可以从 NFC标签中读出 存储的信息，甚至可以将信息写入 NFC标签中。点对点模式则用于数据交换， 具体说，工作在点对点模式下的两个 NFC通信设备能够实现点对点数据传输， 如下载音乐、 交换图片等。
图 1是示意图， 示出了普通 NFC读卡器和 NFC标签的工作过程。 如图 1 所示， 普通的 NFC标签包括 NFC标签芯片和 NFC天线线圈， 当 NFC读卡器 靠近 NFC标签时， NFC读卡器向 NFC标签发出电磁能量， NFC标签上的 NFC 天线线圈耦合该电磁能量并将其传递到与 NFC天线线圈相连的 NFC标签芯片 中， NFC标签芯片通过整流电路将该电磁能量转化为其内部的微控制器、 调 制解调器和存储器等电路所需要的电源。 当微控制器、 调制解调器和存储器 等电路在加电后开始工作时， 可以将 NFC 标签芯片中存储的信息通过 NFC 天线线圈发送给 NFC读卡器。
由于 NFC使用的载波频率为 13.56MHz, 且读写距离很短， 因此， NFC 标签芯片与 NFC读卡器的耦合方式是磁场耦合，可以使用线圈作为 NFC天线。
普通 NFC标签的一个优点是自身不需要配备电源，可通过接收 NFC读卡 器发射的电磁能量来形成电源。 但其也存在一个问题， 即只要 NFC读卡器靠 近 NFC标签， NFC标签就会被激活， 其存储的信息就会自动发送给 NFC读 卡器。 然而， 这种情况在某此应用场合中是不希望出现的。 例如， 在装有普 通 NFC标签的蓝牙耳机中，蓝牙地址等蓝牙耳机配对信息存储在该 NFC标签 中， 当装有 NFC读卡器的电子设备 （例如 NFC手机） 靠近装有 NFC标签的 蓝牙耳机时，该电子设备就会通过 NFC读卡器读取该蓝牙耳机的 NFC标签内 的蓝牙地址等耳机配对信息， 从而与该蓝牙耳机进行配对。 在这种情形中， 即使蓝牙耳机处于关机状态， 只要电子设备靠近蓝牙耳机， 其仍然能够读取 该蓝牙耳机中的配对信息， 从而启动蓝牙协议主动与该蓝牙耳机进行配对。
如上所述， 虽然由于蓝牙耳机此时处于关机状态， 配对最终不会成功， 但 NFC读卡器无条件读取 NFC标签内的信息将会导致一些不必要的操作，并 且也会影响信息的安全性。 发明内容
本发明就是为了解决上述现有技术中存在的问题而做出的， 其目的在于 提供一种控制 NFC标签的方法和一种受控 NFC标签， 以使对 NFC标签芯片 内的信息进行有条件的读取， 从而避免一些不必要的操作， 同时提高存储在 NFC标签芯片内的信息的安全性。
为了实现上述目的， 在本发明的一个方面， 提供一种控制 NFC标签的方 法， 该方法包括： 产生使电子开关断开或导通的断开控制信号或导通控制信 号；断开控制信号或导通控制信号施加在与 NFC标签中的 NFC天线线圈并联 的电子开关上， 通过电子开关发出使能或禁止信号使能或禁止 NFC天线线圈 中耦合的电磁能量向 NFC标签中的 NFC标签芯片传递。
在本发明的另一方面，提供一种受控 NFC标签，其包括： NFC标签主体， NFC标签主体包括 NFC标签芯片和 NFC天线线圈； 电子开关， 电子开关包 括第一连接端、 第二连接端和控制端， 第一连接端和第二连接端分别与 NFC 天线线圈的两端连接； 电子开关控制电路， 电子开关控制电路具有使能或禁 止信号输入端和输出端， 输出端与电子开关的控制端相连接， 其中， 当使能 或禁止信号从电子开关控制电路的使能或禁止信号输入端输入时， 电子开关 控制电路的使能或禁止信号输出端相应地输出断开控制信号或导通控制信 号， 断开控制信号或导通控制信号施加在电子开关的控制端， 使电子开关的 第一连接端和第二连接端之间相应地断开或导通， 从而相应地使能或禁止 NFC天线线圈中耦合的电磁能量向 NFC标签芯片传递。
根据上面的说明可知，在本发明提供的控制 NFC标签的方法和受控 NFC 标签中， 通过设置电子开关， 能够对 NFC标签芯片内的信息进行有条件的读 取， 从而能够避免一些不必要的操作， 同时还能够提高存储在 NFC标签芯片 内的信息的安全性。
进一步地，本发明提供的控制 NFC标签的方法和受控 NFC标签可以应用 于多种场合中， 特别是可以用于蓝牙耳机中， 使得当蓝牙耳机关机时， 内嵌 在 NFC标签芯片中的信息不被读取。 附图说明
图 1是示意图， 示出了 NFC读卡器和 NFC标签的工作过程；
图 2是示意图， 示出了本发明提供的控制 NFC标签的方法流程； 图 3是电路框图， 示出了本发明提供的受控 NFC标签的结构；
图 4a-4d是电路框图， 分别示出了本发明提供的受控 NFC标签中的电子 开关控制电路的四种示例结构； 以及
图 5a-5b是电路图， 分别示出了本发明提供的受控 NFC标签中的电子开 关的两个实施例。 具体实施方式
下面将结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细的描述。
针对前述读取 NFC标签内的信息是无条件的， 容易导致一些不必要的操 作且会威胁到 NFC标签内的信息的安全性， 本发明通过设置电子开关， 能够 对 NFC标签芯片内的信息进行有条件的读取， 从而可以避免一些不必要的操 作， 同时还能够提高存储在 NFC标签芯片内的信息的安全性。
在下面的描述中， 只通过说明的方式描述了本发明的某些示范性实施例。 毋庸置疑， 本领域的普通技术人员可以认识到， 在不偏离本发明的精神和范 围的情况下， 可以用各种不同的方式对所述实施例进行修正。 因此， 附图和 描述在本质上是说明性的， 而不是用于限制权利要求的保护范围。 当一个器 件或端子被称作是与另一个器件或端子相连接时， 该器件或端子可以与所述 另一器件或端子直接相连， 也可以有另外的器件连接在该器件或端子与所述 另一器件或端子之间。 另外， 在本说明书中， 相同的附图标记表示相同或相 似的部分。
为了说明本发明提供的控制 NFC标签的方法， 图 2示出了根据本发明实 施例的控制 NFC标签的工作过程。
如图 2所示， NFC标签 1即为上述图 1所描述的普通 NFC标签， 其包括 NFC标签芯片 11和 NFC天线线圈 12。 另外， 在 NFC天线线圈 12的两端并 联有电子开关 2。在本发明的控制 NFC标签的方法中，首先，在步骤 S100中， 产生使电子开关断开或导通的断开控制信号或导通控制信号。 然后， 在步骤 S200中， 将该断开控制信号或导通控制信号施加在与 NFC标签 1 中的 NFC 天线线圈 12并联的电子开关 2上， 通过电子开关 2发出使能或禁止信号使能 或禁止 NFC天线线圈 12中耦合的电磁能量向 NFC标签芯片 11传递。
具体说， 电子开关 2的断开不改变 NFC天线线圈 12的属性， 而电子开 关 2的闭合则改变 NFC天线线圈 12的属性。 其中， 当电子开关 2断开时， 其发出使能信号，从而使能 NFC天线线圈中耦合的电磁能量向 NFC标签中的 NFC标签芯片传递； 当电子开关 2闭合时， 其发出禁止信号， 从而禁止 NFC 天线线圈中耦合的电磁能量向 NFC标签中的 NFC标签芯片传递。
也就是说， 当电子开关 2断开时， 其阻抗很高， 此时， NFC天线线圈 12 的负载就只有后级的 NFC标签芯片 11， 于是， NFC天线线圈 12中耦合的电 磁能量能够全部传递到后级的 NFC标签芯片 11上， 从而可以保证 NFC读卡 器和 NFC标签 1之间的正常无线通信。 当电子开关 2导通 （即闭合） 时， 其 阻抗很低， 可以使 NFC天线线圈 12短路， 于是， NFC天线线圈 12中耦合的 电磁能量无法传递到后级的 NFC标签芯片 11上， 从而可以禁止 NFC读卡器 和 NFC标签 1之间的无线通信， 使 NFC读卡器无法读取 NFC标签芯片 11 中的信息。
进一步地， 可以通过将使能信号或禁止信号输入电子开关控制电路来产 生断开控制信号或导通控制信号。 具体地， 控制电子开关的断开或导通会需 要电压水平较高的断开控制信号或导通控制信号， 因此， 上述电子开关控制 电路可以包含升压电路， 以便对外部电源提供的电压水平进行升压， 或者对 使能信号或禁止信号的电压水平或使能信号或禁止信号所产生的电压水平进 行升压， 从而产生符合要求的断开控制信号或导通控制信号。
另外， 电子开关 2可以主要由 JFET (Junction Fidd effect Transistor, 结 II型场效应晶体管 ) 或 MOSFET ( Metal- ( de- Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor, 金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管） 构成。 JFET包括 n沟道和 p沟 道 JFET, MOSFET包括 n沟道和 p沟道增强型 MOSFET以及 n沟道和 p沟 道耗尽型 MOSFET。
图 3是电路框图， 示出了本发明的受控 NFC标签的结构。 如图 3所示， 本发明的受控 NFC标签 100包括 NFC标签主体 1、 电子开关 2和电子开关控 制电路 3。
NFC标签主体 1为上述图 1所示的普通 NFC标签， 其包括 NFC标签芯 片 11和与 NFC标签芯片 11相连的 NFC天线线圈 12。
电子开关 2包括第一连接端 2a、第二连接端 2b和控制端 2c， 其中， 第一 连接端 2a和第二连接端 2b分别与 NFC天线线圈 12的两端相连接。
电子开关控制电路 3具有使能或禁止信号输入端 3a和输出端 3b，输出端 3b与电子开关 2的控制端 2c连接。
NFC标签主体 1、 电子开关 2和电子开关控制电路 3可以是分立的单元。 电子开关 2也可以集成在 NFC标签芯片 11上， 或者， 电子开关 2和电子开 关控制电路 3可以都集成在 NFC标签芯片 11上。
当使能信号或禁止信号从电子开关控制电路 3 的使能或禁止信号输入端 3a输入时， 电子开关控制电路 3的输出端 3b相应地输出断开控制信号或导通 控制信号， 断开控制信号或导通控制信号施加在电子开关 2的控制端 2c， 使 电子开关 2的第一连接端 2a和第二连接端 2b之间相应地断开或导通。 也就 是说，当使能信号从电子开关控制电路 3的使能或禁止信号输入端 3a输入时， 断开控制信号从电子开关控制电路 3的输出端 3b输出， 并施加在电子开关 2 的控制端 2c上， 从而使电子开关 2断开。 当禁止信号从电子开关控制电路 3 的使能或禁止信号输入端 3a输入时， 导通控制信号从电子开关控制电路 3的 输出端 3b输出， 并施加在电子开关 2的控制端 2c上， 从而使电子开关 2导 通 （即闭合）。
当电子开关 2断开时， 其阻抗很高， 此时， NFC天线线圈 12的负载就只 有后级的 NFC标签芯片 11， 于是， NFC天线线圈 12中耦合的电磁能量能够 全部传递到后级的 NFC标签芯片 11上，从而可以保证 NFC读卡器和 NFC标 签主体 1之间的正常无线通信。 当电子开关 2导通 （即闭合） 时， 其阻抗很 低， 可以使 NFC天线线圈 12短路， 于是， NFC天线线圈 12中耦合的电磁能 量无法传递到后级的 NFC标签芯片 11上， 从而可以禁止 NFC读卡器和 NFC 标签主体 1之间的无线通信， 使 NFC读卡器无法读取 NFC标签芯片 11中的
| H自
一般地， 由于控制电子开关 2 的断开或导通需要电压水平较高的断开控 制信号或导通控制信号， 因此， 电子开关控制电路 3 可以包含升压电路， 以 输出足以使电子开关 2断开或导通的断开控制信号或导通控制信号。
图 4a-4d是电路框图， 分别示出了本发明的受控 NFC标签中的电子开关 控制电路的四种示例结构。
示例一
如图 4a所示， 电子开关控制电路 3包括受控升压电路 31， 当使能 /禁止 信号通过电子开关控制电路 3的输入端 3a输入到受控升压电路 31 中时， 受 控升压电路 31可以通过输出端 3b输出断开 /导通控制信号， 例如 nVcc/0， 其 中， Vcc是提供给受控升压电路 31的电源电压， n为升压系数， n大于 1 示例二
如图 4b所示， 电子开关控制电路 3包括受控电压反向电路 32和升压电 路 33， 当使能 /禁止信号通过电子开关控制电路 3的输入端 3a输入到受控电 压反向电路 32中时， 受控电压反向电路 32输出例如 -Vcc/0， 其中， Vcc是提 供给受控电压反向电路 32的电源电压。 受控电压反向电路 32的输出电压经 过升压电路 33升压后，变为断开 /导通控制信号 -nVcc/0并通过输出端 3b输出。 如图 4c所示， 电子开关控制电路 3包括受控升压电路 31， 当使能 /禁止 信号通过电子开关控制电路 3的输入端 3a输入到受控升压电路 31 中时， 受 控升压电路 31可以通过输出端 3b输出断开 /导通控制信号， 例如 -nVcc/0， 其 中， -Vcc是提供给受控升压电路 31的电源电压。
示例四
如图 4d所示， 电子开关控制电路 3包括升压电路 33。在本实施例中， 使 能 /禁止信号既作为控制信号也作为电源信号。 当使能 /禁止信号（例如 Vcc/0) 通过电子开关控制电路 3的输入端 3a输入到升压电路 33中时， 升压电路 33 就通过输出端 3b输出断开 /导通控制信号， 例如 nVcc/0。
需要说明的是， 受控升压电路 31、 受控电压反向电路 32、 升压电路 33 的各种实现方式为本领域技术人员所熟知， 这里就不再对其进行详细的描述。 在一些应用场合中， 希望装有本发明提供的受控 NFC标签的电子设备在开机 时， 受控 NFC标签中的 NFC标签芯片可读取， 而在关机时， 受控 NFC标签 中的 NFC标签芯片不可读取。 在这种情况下， 可以使使能信号为非零电压信 号、 使禁止信号为 0V电压信号。
从上述电子开关控制电路的具体实施例中可以看出， 通过调整电子开关 控制电路的结构， 可以输出各种电子开关的断开 /导通控制所需要的不同的断 开 /导通控制信号。
电子开关 2可以由各种场效应管来构成。 在本发明的一些应用中， 希望 电子开关 2为常闭型开关， 也就是说， 当控制端无控制信号时 （例如断电时， 控制信号为 0V)， 电子开关 2处于导通 （即闭合） 状态， 而当控制端有控制 信号时 （例如加电时）， 电子开关 2处于断开状态。 因此， 在本发明的一些实 施例中，可以采用 n沟道或 p沟道 JFET和 /或 n沟道或 p沟道耗尽型 MOSFET 来构成常闭型电子开关，但本发明的电子开关并不限于此。下面以 n沟道 JFET 和 n沟道耗尽型 MOSFET为例来说明电子开关 2的示例性结构。
图 5a-5b是电路图， 分别示出了本发明提供的受控 NFC标签中的电子开 关的两个实施例。
其中一个实施例如图 5a所示， 电子开关 2包括一个 n沟道 JFET (Ql )， 该 JFET的栅极为电子开关 2的控制端 2c， 该 JFET的源极和漏极为电子开关
2的第一连接端 2a和第二连接端 2b。 在这种情形中，需要在电子开关 2的控制端 2c输入足够大负电压（例如， -nVcc) 才能使 n沟道 JFET (Ql ) 的沟道夹断， SP， 使电子开关 2断开， 从 而使 NFC读卡器能够与 NFC标签正常通信。 为此， 可以选择前面参考图 4b 和 4c的电子开关控制电路 3来控制本实施例中的电子开关 2的断开和导通。
另一个实施例如图 5b所示， 电子开关 2包括两个串联的 n沟道耗尽型 MOSFET (Tl和 T2) 以及分别与该两个耗尽型 MOSFET并联连接的两个保 护二极管 （D1和 D2)， 其中， 两个耗尽型 MOSFET (Tl禾 Π T2) 的栅极共同 构成电子开关 2的控制端 2c。
根据 NFC 的特点和国际标准， 在标准框架下， 耦合了电磁能量的 NFC 天线线圈 12的两端的瞬间电压峰值最高可达 10V， 甚至超过 10V。 两个保护 二极管（D1和 D2)可以确保两个 n沟道耗尽型 MOSFET (Tl和 T2)免遭高 压的损坏。具体说， 由于 D1和 D2的保护接法（即 D1和 D2的背对背或面对 面接法）， 当 NFC天线线圈 12两端的电压很高时， 同一时刻， T1禾 Π Τ2中的 一个管子只承受不超过 D1或 D2的反向击穿电压的电压， 另一个管子则被短 路掉。
类似地， 可以选择前面参考图 4b和 4c的电子开关控制电路 3来控制本 实施例中的电子开关 2的断开和导通。
本发明提供的受控 NFC标签 100可以有很多应用场合， 特别地， 可以应 用在蓝牙耳机上。 例如， 在蓝牙耳机上装有本发明提供的受控 NFC标签的情 形中， 如果蓝牙耳机处于开机状态， 则使能信号（例如 Vcc)施加在受控 NFC 标签中的电子开关控制电路的使能或禁止信号输入端上， 从而使受控 NFC标 签中的电子开关断开。此时，当装有 NFC读卡器的电子设备（例如 NFC手机) 靠近蓝牙耳机时， 该电子设备就可以读取该蓝牙耳机的 NFC标签芯片内的蓝 牙地址等耳机配对信息， 从而与该蓝牙耳机进行配对。 如果蓝牙耳机处于关 机状态， 则禁止信号 （例如 0V) 施加在受控 NFC标签中的电子开关控制电 路的使能或禁止信号输入端上， 从而使受控 NFC标签中的电子开关导通（闭 合）。 此时， 当装有 NFC读卡器的电子设备 （例如 NFC手机） 靠近蓝牙耳机 时， 该电子设备就不能够读取该蓝牙耳机的 NFC标签芯片中的配对信息， 因 而不能与该蓝牙耳机进行配对。 这样， 既可以避免不必要的操作， 也可以提 高 NFC标签芯片内的信息的安全性。 如上参照附图以示例的方式描述了根据本发明提供的控制 NFC标签的方 法和受控 NFC标签。 但是， 本领域技术人员应当理解， 对于上述本发明所提 供的控制 NFC标签的方法和受控 NFC标签，还可以在不脱离本发明内容的基 础上做出各种改进。 因此， 本发明的保护范围应当由所附的权利要求书的内 容确定。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种控制 NFC标签的方法， 包括：
产生使电子开关断开或导通的断开控制信号或导通控制信号；
所述断开控制信号或导通控制信号施加在与 NFC标签中的 NFC天线线圈 并联的所述电子开关上， 通过所述电子开关发出使能或禁止信号使能或禁止 所述 NFC天线线圈中耦合的电磁能量向所述 NFC标签中的 NFC标签芯片传 递。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的控制 NFC标签的方法， 其中，
通过将使能信号或禁止信号输入包含升压电路的电子开关控制电路产生 所述断开控制信号或导通控制信号。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的控制 NFC标签的方法， 其中，
所述电子开关集成在所述 NFC标签芯片上， 或者， 所述电子开关和所述 电子开关控制电路集成在所述 NFC标签芯片上。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的控制 NFC标签的方法， 其中，
所述电子开关由 JFET或 MOSFET构成。
5、 一种受控 NFC标签， 包括：
NFC标签主体，所述 NFC标签主体包括 NFC标签芯片和 NFC天线线圈； 电子开关， 所述电子开关包括第一连接端、 第二连接端和控制端， 所述 第一连接端和第二连接端分别与所述 NFC天线线圈的两端连接；
电子开关控制电路， 所述电子开关控制电路包括使能或禁止信号输入端 和输出端， 所述输出端与所述电子开关的控制端相连接， 其中，
当所述使能或禁止信号从所述电子开关控制电路的使能或禁止信号输入 端输入时， 所述电子开关控制电路的使能或禁止信号输出端相应地输出断开 控制信号或导通控制信号， 所述断开控制信号或导通控制信号施加在所述电 子开关的控制端， 使所述电子开关的第一连接端和第二连接端之间相应地断 开或导通， 从而相应地使能或禁止所述 NFC天线线圈中耦合的电磁能量向所 述 NFC标签芯片传递。
6、 如权利要求 5所述的受控 NFC标签， 其中，
所述电子开关集成在所述 NFC标签芯片上， 或者， 所述电子开关和所述 电子开关控制电路集成在所述 NFC标签芯片上。
7、 如权利要求 5所述的受控 NFC标签， 其中，
所述电子开关控制电路包括升压电路， 将所述使能或禁止信号输入所述 升压电路， 通过所述升压电路输出使所述电子开关断开或导通的断开控制信 号或导通控制信号。
8、 如权利要求 5所述的受控 NFC标签， 其中，
所述使能信号为非零电压信号， 所述禁止信号为 0V电压信号。
9、 如权利要求 8所述的受控 NFC标签， 其中，
所述电子开关包括一个 n沟道或 p沟道 JFET, 该 JFET的栅极为所述电 子开关的控制端，所述 JFET的源极和漏极为所述电子开关的第一连接端和第 二连接端。
10、 如权利要求 8所述的受控 NFC标签， 其中，
所述电子开关包括两个串联的 n沟道或 p沟道耗尽型 MOSFET以及分别 与所述耗尽型 MOSFET 并联连接的两个保护二极管， 其中， 所述耗尽型 MOSFET的栅极共同构成所述电子开关的控制端。
PCT/CN2014/083781 2013-08-07 2014-08-06 控制nfc标签的方法和受控nfc标签 Ceased WO2015018336A1 (zh)

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