WO2015018240A1 - 血管造影机床上一体化x射线防护装置 - Google Patents

血管造影机床上一体化x射线防护装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015018240A1
WO2015018240A1 PCT/CN2014/080693 CN2014080693W WO2015018240A1 WO 2015018240 A1 WO2015018240 A1 WO 2015018240A1 CN 2014080693 W CN2014080693 W CN 2014080693W WO 2015018240 A1 WO2015018240 A1 WO 2015018240A1
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Prior art keywords
unit
protective
protection device
pin
bedside
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Application number
PCT/CN2014/080693
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王盾
Original Assignee
北京东方逸腾数码医疗设备技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2015018240A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015018240A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/04—Positioning of patients; Tiltable beds or the like
    • A61B6/0407—Supports, e.g. tables or beds, for the body or parts of the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/10—Safety means specially adapted therefor
    • A61B6/107—Protection against radiation, e.g. shielding
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/44—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4429—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units
    • A61B6/4435—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units the source unit and the detector unit being coupled by a rigid structure
    • A61B6/4441—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to the mounting of source units and detector units the source unit and the detector unit being coupled by a rigid structure the rigid structure being a C-arm or U-arm
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/50—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications
    • A61B6/504—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications for diagnosis of blood vessels, e.g. by angiography

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of medical devices, and more particularly to an X-ray protection device having an integrated structure for a catheter bed of an angiography machine. Background technique
  • a radiation protection device In order to avoid X-ray radiation leakage and protect the safety of the medical practitioner, a radiation protection device must be installed beside the angiography machine, and the protection device is generally made of a material with a lead weight of 0.5 mm or more to block X-ray radiation.
  • the clinically required bedside guards should meet the following requirements: The protective effect is certain, the installation is flexible, the operation is simple, the doctor's surgery is not affected, and the needs of various changing positions and parts during the operation can be met.
  • the current protective device is generally composed of three sets: a protective screen 1, which is used for radiation protection of the bed part, which is fixed on the ceiling, and has a balance arm and at least two between the protective screen and the fixed point. More than one inflection point for the practitioner to pull and position the protective screen; protective curtain 2 for the radiation protection of the lower part of the bed, which is fixed on the track next to the angiography machine, which is the catheter bed standard for such clinical operation;
  • the bedside shield 3 is used to eliminate the gap between the shield and the curtain, which is fixed on the curtain.
  • the protective screen 1, the protective curtain 2 and the bedside protective panel 3 are used together at the same time to achieve the best radiation protection effect (Fig. 1, protective screen)
  • the doctor adjusts the protective curtain 3 according to the need of the angiography and fixes it to a specific position of the bedside rail by bolts, and the position cannot be re-adjusted during the operation.
  • the physician adjusts the position of the shield to bring it as close as possible to the patient, shielding the secondary rays from the patient's body.
  • the above existing guards have at least the following drawbacks: (1) In order to display different anatomical parts, or to observe the walking of the catheter, during the clinical operation such as angiography or interventional surgery, it is necessary to frequently move the catheter bed laterally or longitudinally. Once the bed surface moves, the guards (the curtain 2 and the bed guard 3) fixed to the bed move with the bed, but the screen 1 cannot move with the bed surface. Therefore, the screen 1, the curtain 2 and the bedside The original optimal blocking position of the protective plate 3 is misaligned, so that there is a gap between the protective screen 1 and the protective curtain 2, and the bedside protective plate 3, and the optimal blocking position relationship is disassembled, which is easy to cause radiation leakage and injure the medical practitioner.
  • the protective screen 1 is required to be as close as possible to the patient's body.
  • the protective screen 1 cannot move with the bed, which in turn causes the protective screen 1 to continue to maintain the pre-adjusted protection position as close as possible to the patient during the moving catheter bed. Therefore, once the catheter bed is moved, it not only destroys The optimal combined positional relationship between the protective screen 1 and the protective curtain 2, the bedside protective panel 3, and the protective screen 1 away from the patient, cannot guarantee the protection against secondary rays reflected from the patient's body.
  • the protective curtain 2 and the bedside protection panel 3 are fixed on the track beside the bed.
  • the head, chest, abdomen and lower limbs must be removed and reinstalled when the operation display parts are different.
  • the operation is complicated and inconvenient. In particular, when an operation needs to be performed in two parts, it is impossible to simultaneously consider the radiation protection of the two parts, but only two operations can be realized, which increases the cost of surgery, time and the risk of surgery.
  • the protective screen 1 is suspended from the ceiling of the duct room, so that the loading and unloading of the guard device needs to damage the infrastructure such as the ceiling, and the loading and unloading cost is high and difficult. Especially, once the position is fixed, it is generally difficult to move the guard device to other beds or In order to meet the timely operation of the catheter room, it is necessary to install more protective devices and increase the equipment expenditure of the hospital. Moreover, it is easy to cause a problem that individual guards are idle for a long time and waste hospital space resources. Summary of the invention
  • the present invention provides an integration on an angiography machine tool.
  • X-ray protection device comprising a shield unit for radiation protection of the catheter bed, a curtain unit for radiation protection under the catheter bed, and a bedside rail unit for connecting the side rails of the catheter bed , among them:
  • the screen unit is mounted on the curtain unit, and the curtain unit is fixed on the bedside rail unit, so that the curtain unit and the screen unit can be horizontally moved along the bed side simultaneously .
  • the shielding screen unit comprises a rotating arm, a planar hinge four-bar mechanism, a transparent shielding screen mounted above the rotating arm, and a lifting protection curtain suspended below the rotating arm, wherein: the shielding panel unit passes the rotating arm And a plane hinge four-bar mechanism hinged on the curtain unit, such that the screen unit can be horizontally rotated with the rotating arm, and when the screen unit is parallel to the curtain unit, the screen is The unit can be raised above the curtain unit by a planar hinged four-bar mechanism and lowered back to be parallel to the curtain unit.
  • the rotating arm includes a horizontal axis and a vertical axis
  • the planar hinge four-bar mechanism includes a driving crank, a driven crank and a supporting link on the same vertical plane, wherein: one end of the driving crank passes a first pin rotatably coupled to the curtain unit, the other end of which is rotatably coupled to the support link by a second pin; one end of the driven crank is rotatably coupled by a third pin The other end of the curtain unit is rotatably connected to the support link by a fourth pin; the support link is vertically disposed, and The support link is rotatably inserted within the vertical axis of the rotating arm.
  • the planar hinge four-bar mechanism further includes a gas spring and a limiting block, wherein: one end of the gas spring is rotatably mounted on the third pin shaft, and the other end is rotatable through the fifth pin shaft Connected to the driving crank; the limiting block is mounted on the curtain unit and located between the first pin and the third pin, when the gas spring follows Resetting the active crank after the active crank rotates down and over the dead point; the active crank has a protrusion, the protrusion and the curtain unit of the angiography machine or the bed side rail Corresponding to the unit, when the gas spring is raised with the active crank, it is used to limit the active crank.
  • the support link includes a first vertical portion for inserting in the vertical shaft, a second vertical portion for hinged to the active crank and the driven crank, and a connection An inclined portion between the first vertical portion and the second vertical portion.
  • a bidirectional detent mechanism is disposed between the first vertical portion of the support link and the vertical axis of the swivel arm.
  • the curtain unit comprises a slider seat, a rotary plate, a rotary protection curtain suspended on the rotary plate, and a follow-up protective curtain suspended on the bedside slide unit, wherein: the sliding The block seat is fixedly connected to the bedside slide rail unit, and the swivel plate is rotatably inserted into the slider seat through a vertically disposed sixth pin shaft, so that the swivel plate can be wound around the The six pins rotate horizontally.
  • the curtain unit further includes a spiral lifting shield and a parallelogram linkage mechanism, and the spiral lifting shield is mounted on an outer side of the rotating plate by the parallelogram linkage mechanism, so that the rotation lifting protection
  • the plate can be raised to the shield unit and the curtain unit, the parallelogram linkage comprising two long pins, two short pins, two parallel bars and two pairs of phases
  • An adapted convex spherical base and a concave spherical connecting block wherein: one end of each of the rotating rods is rotatably connected to the rotating plate through a corresponding long pin shaft, and the other ends of the rotating rods respectively pass Corresponding short pin pivotable connection
  • the concave spherical joint block and the convex spherical base can slide relative to each other in a vertical direction, and the concave spherical joint block is fixedly connected to the spiral lift shield.
  • the spiral lifting shield has a vertical plate portion and a swash plate portion located above the vertical plate portion, wherein: the inclined plate portion has a meandering structure, and each of the connecting rods is adjacent to the short pin shaft The end portion has an ⁇ structure adapted to the ⁇ structure; or the swash plate portion has a ⁇ structure, and the end of each of the links adjacent to the short pin shaft has an fit with the ⁇ structure ⁇ structure.
  • the bedside sliding rail unit comprises a rolling linear sliding rail, an upper pressing strip, a lower pressing strip, a sliding block and a stopper, wherein: the two sides of the rolling linear sliding rail are fixedly mounted with an upper pressing strip and a lower pressing strip respectively The upper pressing strip and the lower pressing strip are used for fixing the rolling linear sliding rail to the side wall guide rail; the sliding block is slidably mounted on the rolling linear sliding rail, And being fixedly connected to the slider seat of the curtain unit; a front end and a rear end of the rolling linear rail are respectively mounted with a stopper for defining a sliding range of the slider.
  • the bedside slide unit further includes a lifting guard and a sliding mechanism, and the lifting guard is movably mounted on the inner side of the rolling linear sliding rail by a sliding mechanism, so that the lifting guard Can be raised and lowered.
  • the sliding mechanism includes a sliding plate and a sliding plate seat adapted to the sliding plate, the sliding plate seat is fixed on the lifting plate, and the sliding plate is inserted into the sliding groove of the sliding block
  • the sliding plate is provided with a connecting block for fixedly connecting with the inner side of the front end of the rolling linear sliding rail.
  • the integrated X-ray protection device of the angiography machine tool integrates the protection screen unit and the protection curtain unit into one body, and realizes the synchronization of the protection screen unit and the protection curtain unit through the bedside slide rail unit. Moving, and during the movement process, the screen unit and the curtain unit are free from misalignment, and are always in an optimal state of protection and always in close proximity to the patient, thereby effectively avoiding the inability to spoke due to moving the bed surface of the catheter bed.
  • the problem of effective protection of the secondary radiation of the radiation, especially the reflected light of the patient effectively avoids the problems of prolonging the operation time and increasing the risk of surgery caused by the surgical adjustment of the protective screen unit of the existing equipment.
  • the integrated X-ray protection device of the angiography machine tool provided by the invention has the cooperation of the rotating arm and the planar hinge four-bar mechanism, and the shielding screen unit can perform 360-degree rotation in the horizontal direction to adjust the angle to make it the most
  • the protection state is flexible, and the operation is flexible; in addition, the protection screen unit can also perform lifting and lowering actions, so that when the operation is not performed, the protection screen unit is taken under the bed, and the space occupancy rate of the protection device is minimized, so that
  • the protective device has a more compact structure, and after the protective screen unit is stowed, the bed has no obstacles that hinder the patient from getting into the bed, and is more humanized.
  • the integrated X-ray protection device of the angiography machine tool provided by the invention has an integrated mechanism, and the invention not only saves space significantly, but also makes the protection device more than the existing shielding screen unit suspended from the ceiling. It will not be confined to a specific space, and the guard can be removed from the side rail of the catheter bed without damaging the ceiling of the duct room, and then moved to the hospital bed or catheter room where surgery is required. It can be seen on the side rails of the corresponding duct bed. It can be seen that the loading and unloading cost of the invention is low and the speed is fast.
  • One device can be used for multiple beds and duct rooms, which fully solves the equipment expenditure caused by the fixed position of the existing guard device. Large, long idle time and wasted hospital space resources.
  • the spiral lifting guard plate of the invention cooperates under the action of the parallelogram linkage mechanism, so that it can be lowered and retracted in time, so that The structure of the guard is more compact, space-saving and can facilitate the patient's bed-and-go movement.
  • the lifting guard plate of the invention can also be lowered and stowed in time by the cooperation of the sliding mechanism, further making the structure of the protective device more compact, space-saving and convenient for the patient to go to bed.
  • the side rail unit enables the guard device to slide synchronously along the side rail of the duct bed, and the guard device of the present invention can adjust the position relative to the duct bed arbitrarily compared with the prior art device directly fixed on the side rail of the duct bed side. Therefore, the radiation protection for the surgical display parts of the head, chest, abdomen and lower limbs can be realized without disassembly and disassembly, and the operation is simple; in addition, the bedside slide unit of the invention increases the protection range of the protection device, that is, , lengthening the length of the side track of the catheter bed.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a conventional guard device
  • Figure 2a is a schematic overall view of the structure of the present invention (the protective screen unit is raised to prepare the surgical state);
  • Figure 2b is a schematic overall view of the structure of the present invention (the protective screen unit is raised in an intraoperative state;);
  • Figure 2c is a schematic overall view of the structure of the present invention (the protective screen unit is lowered to the end of the surgical state);
  • Figure 3a is a schematic structural view of the shield panel unit of the present invention (raised state);
  • Figure 3b is a schematic structural view of the shield panel unit of the present invention (lower state);
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of a curtain unit of the present invention.
  • Figure 5a is a partial schematic view of the swivel shield of the present invention (lifted state, cross-sectional view taken along line A);
  • Figure 5b is a schematic view of the structure of the curtain unit of the present invention (lower state, no lift guard is shown);
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of a bedside slide unit of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of the lifting guard of the present invention.
  • protective screen 1, protective screen, 2, protective curtain, 3, bedside protective panel, 100, protective screen unit, 101, first pin, 102, second pin, 103, third pin, 104, fourth Pin, 105, fifth pin, 106, sixth pin, 110, swivel arm, 111, horizontal axis, 112, vertical axis, 120, flat hinge four-bar mechanism, 121, active crank, 1211, projection , 122, driven crank, 123, support link, 1231, first vertical part, 1232, second vertical part, 1233, inclined part, 124, gas spring, 125, limiting block, 130, transparent protective screen , 131, Handle, 140, lifting curtain, 200, curtain unit, 210, slider seat, 220, swivel plate, 230, rotary curtain, 240, follow-up curtain, 250, swivel guard, 251, riser , 252, sloping plate, 260, parallelogram linkage, 261, long pin, 262, pin, 263, swivel, 264, con
  • an integrated radiation protection device for a catheter bed comprising a shield unit 100 for X-ray protection over the catheter bed 400, for use under the catheter bed 400 a curtain unit 200 for performing radiation protection and a bedside rail unit 300 for connecting the side rails 401 of the duct bed 400, wherein: the screen unit 100 is mounted on the curtain unit 200, for which The protective screen unit 100 and the protective shade unit 200 are integrated, and the integrated structure can effectively avoid the problem that the guard device is misaligned and far from the patient due to the moving catheter bed 400; the curtain unit 200 is fixed to the On the bedside rail unit 300, the curtain unit 200 and the screen unit 100 can be horizontally moved along the bed edge synchronously, without separately adjusting the screen unit 100 after the catheter bed 400 is moved.
  • the guard device of the present invention can move along the bed edge of the catheter bed 400 without damaging the optimal positional relationship of the catheter, so that the integral guard can be moved to the head, chest, and abdomen according to the surgical requirements.
  • the lower limbs and the like can be applied to the same operation on the head, chest, abdomen, and lower limbs.
  • the shield unit 100 includes a rotating arm 110 and a plane hinge four-bar machine.
  • the structure 120 is disposed on the transparent shielding screen 130 above the rotating arm 110 and the lifting protection curtain 140 suspended under the rotating arm 110.
  • the transparent shielding screen 130 is provided with a handle 131.
  • the transparent shield 130 preferably employs a 0.5 mm lead-equivalent plexiglass shield, and the lift shield 140 preferably employs a 0.5 mm lead-equivalent rubber curtain.
  • the shield unit 100 is hinged to the curtain unit 200 by a rotating arm 110 and a planar hinge four-bar mechanism 120, so that the screen unit 100 can be horizontally rotated with the rotating arm 110.
  • the state at the time of preparation for surgery starting from FIG. 2a is rotated to the state at the time of performing surgery in FIG. 2b; and, when the shield unit 100 is parallel to the curtain unit 200, that is, in the state shown in FIG. 2c,
  • the shield unit 100 can be raised above the curtain unit 200 by a planar hinge four-bar mechanism 120 (as shown in FIG. 2b), and when the operation is finished, the restoration can be reduced to be parallel to the curtain unit by the plane hinge four-bar mechanism 120. 200, that is, restored to the state shown in FIG. 2c.
  • the integrated structure combines the characteristics of integrated synchronous movement and locally adjustable position, so that the protection device is relieved from the fixed relationship with the ceiling of the duct room, and the installation and use do not require construction of the conduit chamber, which greatly simplifies the equipment.
  • Cost and use cost, and the catheter bed 400 can be arbitrarily moved on the basis of ensuring the radiation protection effect, that is, on the basis of ensuring the optimal protection position relationship of the various protective members, so that the same catheter bed 400 can be completed in the same operation. Surgical procedures for the head, chest, abdomen, limbs, etc., improve the efficiency of surgery.
  • the rotating arm 110 includes a horizontal axis 111 and a vertical axis 112.
  • the planar hinge four-bar mechanism 120 includes a driving crank 121 and a driven crank on the same vertical plane.
  • one end of the driving crank 121 is rotatably connected to the curtain unit 200 through a first pin shaft 101, and the other end of the movable crank 121 is rotatably connected to the second pin 102 a support link 123;
  • one end of the driven crank 122 is rotatably connected to the curtain unit 200 through a third pin 103, and the other end thereof is rotatably connected to the support link through a fourth pin 104 123;
  • the support link 123 is vertically disposed, and the support link 123 is rotatably inserted into the vertical shaft 112 of the upper rotating arm 110.
  • the lines connecting the first pin shaft 101, the second pin shaft 102, the fourth pin shaft 104, and the third pin shaft 103 are parallelograms, and always maintain a parallelogram during the movement, as shown in FIG. 3a.
  • the protective screen unit 100 is manually pressed, at this time, the pitch and position of the first pin shaft 101 and the third pin shaft 103 are unchanged, and the spacing between the second pin shaft 102 and the fourth pin shaft 104
  • the position change is unchanged, that is, the second pin shaft 102 and the fourth pin shaft 104 rotate the first pin shaft 101 and the third pin shaft 103 downward until the state shown in FIG. 3b, that is, return to the level of the catheter bed 400.
  • Qi state when the postoperative needs to be lowered, the protective screen unit 100 is manually pressed, at this time, the pitch and position of the first pin shaft 101 and the third pin shaft 103 are unchanged, and the spacing between the second pin shaft 102 and the fourth pin shaft 104
  • the position change is unchanged, that is, the second pin shaft 102 and the fourth
  • the planar hinge four-bar mechanism 120 further includes a gas spring 124 and a limiting block 125, and one end of the gas spring 124 is rotatably mounted on the The other end of the third pin shaft 103 is rotatably connected to the driving crank 121 via a fifth pin shaft 105; the limiting block 125 is mounted on the curtain unit 200 and located at the first pin Between the shaft 101 and the third pin shaft 103. As shown in FIG.
  • planar hinge four-bar mechanism 120 when the planar hinge four-bar mechanism 120 is lowered and over-dead, a tendency to continue to rotate is generated, and the active crank 121 is blocked by the limiting block 125, and the planar hinge four-bar mechanism is further adopted by the limiting block 125.
  • the 120 is kept in the lowered state.
  • the lowering state can also be locked by directly contacting the adjacent protective curtain unit by the driven crank; as shown in FIG.
  • the raised portion 1211 may be disposed on the driving crank, and the protruding portion 1211 directly touches the adjacent bedside sliding rail unit (or the protective curtain unit) when in the raised state. To achieve the lock of the raised state.
  • the support link 123 is preferably arranged to have a certain degree of curvature to improve the compactness of the guard, and in the surgical preparation state shown in FIGS. 2a and 3a, to allow more space for the practitioner to operate, specifically
  • the support link 123 includes a first vertical portion 1231 for insertion in the vertical shaft 112 for hinged to the active crank 121 and the A second vertical portion 1232 of the driven crank 122 and an inclined portion 1233 connected between the first vertical portion 1231 and the second vertical portion 1232 are described.
  • a bidirectional detent mechanism is disposed between the first vertical portion 1231 of the support link 123 and the vertical axis 112 of the rotating arm 110. For this reason, when the support link 123 is rotated, stepping is generated. The effect and the regular sound make the manual rotation operation more handy and the operation more accurate.
  • the curtain unit 200 includes a slider holder 210, a rotary plate 220, a rotary protection curtain 230 suspended on the rotary plate 220, and a follow-up protective curtain 240 suspended from the bedside slide unit 300, wherein
  • the slider block 210 is fixedly connected to the bedside slide rail unit 300.
  • the swinging plate 220 is rotatably inserted into the slider block 210 through a vertically disposed sixth pin shaft 106, so that the swivel plate 220 can be Rotating horizontally around the sixth pin shaft 106 drives the rotary protection curtain 230 and the follow-up protective curtain 240 at an angle (as shown in Fig. 2b) to shield the doctor from the inside and improve the protective effect.
  • the rotary protective curtain 230 and the follow-up protective curtain 240 are preferably respectively 0.5 mm lead-equivalent rubber protective curtains to ensure effective protection against X-rays and the like.
  • the present invention retains the shield between the shield unit 100 and the curtain unit 200, On the basis of this, it can be raised and lowered to save space and facilitate the patient to get on and off the bed.
  • the present invention is modified to a swivel shield 250 that is mounted to the outside of the swivel plate 220 by the parallelogram linkage 260 to enable the swivel shield 250 to rise. Between the shield panel unit 100 and the curtain unit 200, the gap between the screen unit 100 and the curtain unit 200 is eliminated, thereby achieving the effect of no gap protection.
  • the parallelogram linkage 260 is preferably arranged such that: the parallelogram linkage 260 comprises two long pins 261, two short a pin 262, two rotating rods 263, and two pairs of matching convex spherical bases 264 and concave spherical connecting blocks 265, wherein: each of the rotating rods 263 One end of each of the rotating rods 263 is rotatably connected to the rotating spherical base 264 via a corresponding short pin shaft 262, and the other end of each of the rotating rods 263 is rotatably connected to the convex spherical base 264 by a corresponding short pin shaft 262, respectively.
  • the concave spherical joint block 265 and the convex spherical base 264 are slidable in a vertical direction, and the concave spherical joint block 265 is fixedly connected to the spiral lift shield 250.
  • the slewing guard 250 has a riser portion 251 and a swash plate portion 252, and the swash plate portion 252 is located above the riser portion 251.
  • the swash plate portion 252 has a squat structure, and each of the rotating rods 263 is adjacent to the short
  • the end of the pin 262 has a serpentine structure that is adapted to the crucible structure.
  • the swash plate portion 252 has a ⁇ structure, and the end of each of the rotating rods 263 adjacent to the short pin shaft 262 has a shape corresponding to the ⁇ structure. ⁇ structure.
  • the bedside slide unit 300 includes a rolling linear slide 310, an upper bead 320, a lower bead 330, a slider 340, and a stopper 350, wherein: two of the rolling linear slides 310
  • the upper pressing strip 320 and the lower pressing strip 330 are fixedly mounted on the side, and the upper pressing strip 320 and the lower pressing strip 330 are used to engage the rolling linear sliding rail 310 on the side rail 401 of the duct bed 400;
  • the slider 340 is slidably mounted on the rolling linear slide 310 for fixed connection with the slider seat 210 of the curtain unit 200; the front end of the rolling linear slide 310
  • a stopper 350 is respectively installed at the rear end for defining a sliding range of the slider 340.
  • the bedside slide unit 300 can directly mount the guard device of the present invention on the side rail 401 of the duct bed 400 without changing the structure of the existing duct bed 400, and the installation is more flexible and convenient, and the realization is achieved.
  • the horizontal reciprocating movement of the guard increases the range of radiation protection.
  • the bedside rail unit 300 relatively extends the effective length of the side rail 401 of the catheter bed 400. Degree, further expanding the protection range of the protective device.
  • the bedside slide unit 300 further includes a lifting shield 360 and a sliding mechanism 370, and the lifting shield 360 passes through the sliding mechanism 370.
  • the lifting shield 360 can be raised and lowered, and the lifting shield 360 can be lowered to the bed surface before or after surgery. Not only makes the structure more compact, but also facilitates the patient to go to bed, more humane.
  • the skateboard mechanism 370 is preferably disposed to include a slide plate 371 and a slide seat 372 adapted to the slide plate 371, and the slide block seat 372 is fixed to the pull shield 360.
  • the slide plate 371 is inserted into the sliding slot of the slide base 372.
  • the slide plate 371 is provided with a connecting block 373 for fixedly connecting with the inner side of the front end of the rolling linear slide 310, and is used for lifting.
  • the locking plate 360 is locked in a raised or lowered state, and a rubber plunger 374 is inserted into the lifting guard 360, and the elastic plunger is pressed into contact with the sliding plate 371 to provide for lifting.
  • the shield 360 maintains the frictional force in a raised or lowered state.
  • the spin lift shield 250 and the lift shield 360 of the present invention are preferably arranged to include a three-layer structure, that is, a 0.5 mmpb lead-equivalent lead plate in the middle, and are respectively disposed at 0.5 mmpb. ABS panel with two surfaces on the lead equivalent lead plate.
  • the integrated X-ray protection device on the angiography machine tool comprises a shielding screen unit for radiating protection on the circumference of the catheter bed, a curtain unit for radiating protection under the catheter bed, and a side for connecting the catheter bed side a bedside rail unit of a track, wherein: the screen unit is mounted on the curtain unit, the curtain unit is fixed to the bedside rail unit, and the curtain unit and the protection are The screen unit can be moved horizontally along the bed side in synchronization.
  • the integrated X-ray protection device on the angiography machine tool of the invention integrates the protection screen unit and the protection curtain unit into one body, and through the bedside slide rail unit, the synchronous movement of the protection screen unit and the protection curtain unit can be realized, and During the movement process, the screen unit and the curtain unit have no misalignment, and are always in the best protection state and always The patient is in a close state, thereby effectively avoiding the problem that the secondary radiation of the radiation, especially the reflected light of the patient, cannot be effectively protected by moving the bed surface of the catheter bed, and at the same time, the existing equipment is effectively prevented from being adjusted by surgery. The problem of prolonging the operation time and increasing the risk of surgery caused by the protective screen unit.

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Abstract

一种用于血管造影机导管床的具有一体式结构的X射线防护装置。该装置包括防护屏单元（100）、防护帘单元（200）和床边滑轨单元（300），其中：所述防护屏单元（100）安装在所述防护帘单元（200）上，所述防护帘单元（200）固定于所述床边滑轨单元（300）上，使所述防护帘单元（200）和所述防护屏单元（100）可同步的沿床边水平移动。X射线防护装置可随床（400）同步移动，且在移动过程中，防护装置始终处于最佳防护状态及始终与患者处于近距离状态，进而有效避免了因移动导管床（400）床面而造成的无法对辐射、尤其是患者反射的射线的二次杂散辐射进行有效防护的问题，同时，有效避免了现有设备因手术中调整防护屏单元（100）而造成的延长手术时间、增加手术风险等问题。

Description

血管造影机床上一体化 X射线防护装置 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械领域，尤其涉及一种用于血管造影机导管床 的具有一体式结构的 X射线防护装置。 背景技术
在一些如血管造影及介入治疗等临床手术中，需要通过血管造影 机依赖穿透患者身体的 X射线形成影像。 为避免 X射线辐射泄漏， 保护医者安全， 必须在血管造影机旁设置辐射防护装置， 且该防护装 置一般采用 0.5mm铅当量以上的材料制作， 用以阻断 X射线辐射。
临床上需要的床旁防护装置应满足： 防护效果肯定， 安装灵活， 操作简便，不影响医者手术，能应对术中各种变换体位和部位的需求。
如图 1所示， 目前的防护装置一般由三件套组成： 防护屏 1， 用 于对床上部分进行辐射防护， 其固定在天花板上， 防护屏与固定点之 间有平衡力臂和至少两个以上拐点， 用于医者拉动和定位防护屏； 防 护帘 2， 用于对床下部分进行辐射防护， 其固定在血管造影机床旁的 轨道上， 该轨道是该类临床手术的导管床标配件； 床旁防护板 3， 用 于消除防护屏和防护帘之间的间隙， 其固定在防护帘上。 在造影中即 辐射环境下， 防护屏 1、 防护帘 2和床旁防护板 3同时配合使用， 均 处于最佳遮挡位置， 才能达到最佳的辐射防护效果（如图 1， 防护屏
1、 防护帘 2和床旁防护板 3之间相对来说无间隙， 防护效果最佳）。 每次使用前， 医者根据造影需要， 调整防护帘 3并通过螺栓固定于床 旁轨道的特定位置上， 术中无法重新调整部位。 消毒、 铺单后， 医者 调整防护屏的位置， 将其尽量靠近患者， 遮挡来自患者身体反射的二 次射线。
上述的现有防护装置至少具有如下缺陷： ( 1 )、 为了显示不同的解剖部位， 或观察导管的走行， 血管造影 或介入手术等临床手术过程中， 需要经常横向或纵向移动导管床。 一 旦床面移动， 固定在床旁的防护装置（防护帘 2及床旁防护板 3 ) 随 床移动， 而防护屏 1却不能随床面移动， 因此， 防护屏 1、 防护帘 2 和床旁防护板 3所组成的原始最佳遮挡位置发生错位，进而致使防护 屏 1和防护帘 2、 床旁防护板 3之间存在间隙， 其最佳遮挡位置关系 解体， 易造成辐射泄漏， 伤害医者。
( 2 )、 对医者来说， 介入手术中最大的辐射源是来自患者身体反 射的二次射线， 因此要求防护屏 1要尽量靠近患者身体。 当床面移动 时， 防护屏 1不能随床移动， 进而造成移动导管床过程中， 防护屏 1 无法继续保持预先调好的尽量靠近患者的防护位置关系， 因此， 一旦 移动导管床， 不仅破坏了防护屏 1和防护帘 2、 床旁防护板 3之间的 最佳组合位置关系， 而且使得防护屏 1远离患者， 无法保证对于来自 患者身体反射的二次射线的防护效果。
( 3 )、 手术过程中， 每次移动导管床床面后， 为了避免错位的防 护装置无法继续进行有效的辐射防护， 不得不重新调整防护屏位置， 调整过程中的防护效果无法保证， 且调整过程延长了手术时间， 增加 了患者的感染机率， 进而增加了手术的风险。
( 4 )、防护帘 2及床旁防护板 3不可移动的固定在床旁的轨道上， 头、 胸、 腹、 下肢手术显示部位不同时均需拆下后再重新安装， 操作 复杂、 不便利， 尤其是一台手术需要在两个部位操作时， 无法同时顾 及到两个部位的辐射防护， 而只能分作两台手术来实现， 增加了手术 成本、 时间以及手术的风险。
( 5 )、 防护屏 1悬挂于导管室天花板， 使得该防护装置的装卸需 要破坏天花板等基础设施， 装卸成本高、 难度大， 尤其是， 一旦位置 固定， 一般难以移动该防护装置至其他病床或者导管室， 为满足及时 进行手术， 势必需要安装更多的防护装置， 增加了医院的设备支出， 且容易造成个别该防护装置闲置时间长且浪费医院空间资源的问题。 发明内容
(一） 要解决的技术问题
本发明的目的是为了提供一种一体式 X射线防护装置， 以实现在 确保最佳防护位置关系不被破坏以及确保防护屏单元始终与患者处 于近距离的基础上， 防护装置能够灵活的随床整体移动。
(二）技术方案
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种血管造影机床上一体化
X射线防护装置，该装置包括用于对导管床上方进行辐射防护的防护 屏单元、用于对导管床下方进行辐射防护的防护帘单元和用于连接导 管床边侧轨道的床边滑轨单元， 其中：
所述防护屏单元安装在所述防护帘单元上，所述防护帘单元固定 于所述床边滑轨单元上，使所述防护帘单元和所述防护屏单元可同步 的沿床边水平移动。
优选的， 所述防护屏单元包括旋转臂、 平面铰链四杆机构、 安装 在旋转臂上方的透明防护屏和悬挂在所述旋转臂下方的升降防护帘， 其中：所述防护屏单元通过旋转臂和平面铰链四杆机构铰接在所述防 护帘单元上， 使所述防护屏单元可随旋转臂水平转动， 以及， 当所述 防护屏单元平行于所述防护帘单元时，使所述防护屏单元可通过平面 铰链四杆机构升至所述防护帘单元上方以及降低复原至平行于所述 防护帘单元。
优选的， 所述旋转臂包括一横轴和一竖轴， 所述平面铰链四杆机 构包括位于同一竖直面的主动曲柄、 从动曲柄和支撑连杆， 其中： 所 述主动曲柄的一端通过第一销轴可转动的连接于所述防护帘单元，其 另一端通过第二销轴可转动的连接于所述支撑连杆；所述从动曲柄的 一端通过第三销轴可转动的连接于所述防护帘单元，其另一端通过第 四销轴可转动的连接于所述支撑连杆； 所述支撑连杆竖直设置， 且所 述支撑连杆可转动的插接在所述旋转臂的竖轴内。
优选的， 所述平面铰链四杆机构还包括气弹簧和限位块， 其中： 所述气弹簧的一端可转动的安装在所述第三销轴上，其另一端通过第 五销轴可转动的连接于所述主动曲柄；所述限位块安装在在所述防护 帘单元上， 且位于所述第一销轴和所述第三销轴之间， 当所述气弹簧 随着所述主动曲柄旋转降下且过死点后， 用于对主动曲柄进行限位； 所述主动曲柄具有凸出部，所述凸出部与所述血管造影机的防护帘单 元或者所述床边侧导轨单元相对应， 当所述气弹簧随着所述主动曲柄 旋转升起后， 用于对所述主动曲柄进行限位。
优选的， 所述支撑连杆包括用于插装在所述竖轴内的第一竖直 部、用于铰接于所述主动曲柄和所述从动曲柄的第二竖直部、 以及连 接在所述第一竖直部和所述第二竖直部之间的倾斜部。
优选的，所述支撑连杆的第一竖直部与所述旋转臂的竖轴之间设 置有双向棘爪机构。
优选的， 所述防护帘单元包括滑块座、 回转板、 悬装在所述回转 板上的回转防护帘和悬挂在所述床边滑轨单元上的随动防护帘， 其 中： 所述滑块座固定连接在所述床边滑轨单元上， 所述回转板通过竖 直设置的第六销轴可转动的插接在所述滑块座内，使所述回转板可绕 所述第六销轴水平转动。
优选的， 所述防护帘单元还包括旋升护板和平行四边形连杆机 构，所述旋升护板通过所述平行四边形连杆机构安装在所述回转板的 外侧，使所述旋升护板能够升至所述防护屏单元和所述防护帘单元之 优选的，所述平行四边形连杆机构包括两个长销轴、两个短销轴、 两个相平行的转杆以及两对相适配的凸球面底座和凹球面连接块，其 中：各所述转杆的一端分别通过相应的所述长销轴可转动的连接于所 述回转板，各所述转杆的另一端分别通过相应的短销轴可转动的连接 于所述凸球面底座，所述凹球面连接块与所述凸球面底座可在竖直方 向相对滑动， 且所述凹球面连接块与所述旋升护板固定连接。
优选的，所述旋升护板具有竖板部和位于所述竖板部上方的斜板 部， 其中： 所述斜板部上具有榫结构， 各所述连杆临近所述短销轴的 端部具有与所述榫结构相适配的卯结构； 或者， 所述斜板部上具有卯 结构，各所述连杆临近所述短销轴的端部具有与所述卯结构相适配的 榫结构。
优选的， 所述床边滑轨单元包括滚动式直线滑轨、 上压条、 下压 条、 滑块和挡块， 其中： 所述滚动式直线滑轨的两侧分别固定安装有 上压条和下压条，所述上压条和所述下压条用于将所述滚动式直线滑 轨固定于所述导管床边侧导轨上；所述滑块可滑动的安装在所述滚动 式直线滑轨上， 用于与所述防护帘单元的所述滑块座固定连接； 所述 滚动式直线滑轨的前端和后端分别安装有一挡块，用于限定所述滑块 的滑动范围。
优选的， 所述床边滑轨单元还包括提拉护板和滑板机构， 所述提 拉护板通过滑板机构可移动的安装在所述滚动式直线滑轨内侧，使所 述提拉护板可升起和降下。
优选的， 所述滑板机构包括滑板和与所述滑板相适配的滑板座， 所述滑板座固装在所述提拉护板上，所述滑板插接在所述滑板座的滑 槽内，所述滑板上设有用于与所述滚动式直线滑轨前端内侧固定连接 的连接块。
(三）有益效果
1、 本发明提供的血管造影机床上一体化 X射线防护装置， 将防 护屏单元、 防护帘单元集成为一体， 且通过床边滑轨单元， 可实现防 护屏单元、 防护帘单元的随床同步移动， 且在移动过程中， 防护屏单 元、 防护帘单元无错位现象， 始终处于最佳防护状态及始终与患者处 于近距离状态，进而有效避免了因移动导管床床面而造成的无法对辐 射、 尤其是患者反射的射线的二次辐射进行有效防护的问题， 同时， 有效避免了现有设备因手术调整防护屏单元而造成的延长手术时间、 增加手术风险等问题。
2、 本发明提供的血管造影机床上一体化 X射线防护装置， 在旋 转臂和平面铰链四杆机构的配合作用下，防护屏单元可进行水平方向 的 360度旋转， 以调整角度使之处于最佳防护状态， 操作灵活； 另， 防护屏单元还可进行升起和降下动作， 以实现当不进行手术时， 将防 护屏单元收至床下， 尽可能减小该防护装置的空间占用率， 使得该防 护装置结构更加紧凑， 且收起防护屏单元后， 床上无妨碍患者上下床 的障碍物， 更加人性化。
3、 本发明提供的血管造影机床上一体化 X射线防护装置， 其一 体式的机构， 较之现有的防护屏单元悬挂在天花板上的方案， 本发明 不仅大幅节约空间， 而且使该防护装置不会被局限于特定的空间内， 可在不破坏导管室天花板的基础上，将该防护装置由导管床边侧轨道 上卸下后， 任意移动至需进行手术的病床或者导管室， 直接安装在相 应的导管床边侧轨道上即可， 可见， 本发明装卸成本低、 速度快， 一 台设备可用于多个病床和导管室，充分解决了现有防护装置因位置固 定而造成的设备支出大、 设备闲置时间长且浪费医院空间资源的问 题。
4、 本发明提供的血管造影机床上一体化 X射线防护装置， 在保 效果的基础上， 本发明的旋升护板在平行四边形连杆机构配合作用 下， 使之可及时降下收起， 使得该防护装置的结构更加紧凑、 节约空 间且能便于病人的上下床动作。 同时， 本发明的提拉护板在滑板机构 配合作用下， 也可及时的降下收起， 进一步使得该防护装置的结构更 加紧凑、 节约空间且能便于病人的上下床动作。
5、 本发明提供的血管造影机床上一体化 X射线防护装置， 其床 边滑轨单元使得防护装置能够沿导管床边侧轨道同步的往复滑动，较 之现有设备直接固定在导管床边侧轨道上的方案，本发明的防护装置 可任意调整相对于导管床的位置， 进而无需拆装防护装置， 即可实现 对于头、 胸、 腹、 下肢手术显示部位的辐射防护， 且操作简单； 另， 本发明的床边滑轨单元增加了该防护装置的防护范围， 即， 延长了导 管床边侧轨道的长度。 附图说明
图 1是现有的防护装置结构示意图；
图 2a是本发明的结构示意总图 （防护屏单元升起准备手术状 态）；
图 2b是本发明的结构示意总图 (防护屏单元升起手术中状态；)； 图 2c 是本发明的结构示意总图 （防护屏单元降下手术结束状 态）；
图 3a是本发明的防护屏单元结构示意图 （升起状态）；
图 3b是本发明的防护屏单元结构示意图 （降下状态）；
图 4是本发明的防护帘单元结构示意图；
图 5a是本发明的旋升护板局部示意图 （升起状态， A向剖视）； 图 5b是本发明的防护帘单元结构示意图 （降下状态， 未显示旋 升护板）；
图 6是本发明的床边滑轨单元结构示意图；
图 7是本发明的提拉护板结构示意图；
其中： 1、 防护屏， 2、 防护帘， 3、 床旁防护板， 100、 防护屏单 元， 101、 第一销轴， 102、 第二销轴， 103、 第三销轴， 104、 第四销 轴， 105、 第五销轴， 106、 第六销轴， 110、 旋转臂， 111、 横轴， 112、 竖轴， 120、平面铰链四杆机构， 121、 主动曲柄， 1211、 凸出部， 122、 从动曲柄， 123、 支撑连杆， 1231、 第一竖直部， 1232、 第二竖直部， 1233、 倾斜部， 124、 气弹簧， 125、 限位块， 130、 透明防护屏， 131、 手柄， 140、 升降防护帘， 200、 防护帘单元， 210、 滑块座， 220、 回 转板， 230、 回转防护帘， 240、 随动防护帘， 250、 旋升护板， 251、 竖板部， 252、 斜板部， 260、 平行四边形连杆机构， 261、 长销轴， 262、 短销轴， 263、 转杆， 264、 凸球面底座， 265、 凹球面连接块， 300、 床边滑轨单元， 310、 滚动式直线滑轨， 320、 上压条， 330、 下 压条， 340、 滑块， 350、 挡块， 360、 提拉护板， 370、 滑板机构， 371、 滑板， 372、 滑板座， 373、 连接块， 374、 弹性柱塞， 400、 导管床， 401、 边侧导轨。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细 描述。 以下实施例用于说明本发明， 但不用来限制本发明的范围。
如图 2a、 2b、 2c所示， 一种用于导管床的一体式辐射防护装置， 该装置包括用于对导管床 400 上方进行 X 射线防护的防护屏单元 100、 用于对导管床 400下方进行辐射防护的防护帘单元 200和用于 连接导管床 400的边侧轨道 401的床边滑轨单元 300， 其中： 所述防 护屏单元 100安装在所述防护帘单元 200上， 为此， 将防护屏单元 100和防护帘单元 200结合为一体， 该一体式的结构能够有效避免因 移动导管床 400而导致的防护装置错位和距离患者过远的问题；所述 防护帘单元 200固定于所述床边滑轨单元 300上，使所述防护帘单元 200和所述防护屏单元 100可同步的沿床边水平移动， 而不需要在导 管床 400移动后再单独对防护屏单元 100进行调整， 因此， 有效避免 了因单独调整防护屏单元 100而造成的延长手术时间、增加手术风险 等问题。 且， 本发明的防护装置能够在不破坏最佳防护位置关系的前 提下沿着导管床 400的床边移动， 因此， 可按照手术需求而将该一体 式防护装置移动至头、 胸、 腹、 下肢等部位， 进而可适用于对头、 胸、 腹、 下肢等部位同台手术。
如图 3a， 所述防护屏单元 100包括旋转臂 110、 平面铰链四杆机 构 120、 安装在旋转臂 110上方的透明防护屏 130和悬挂在所述旋转 臂 110下方的升降防护帘 140，所述透明防护屏 130上设有手柄 131。 为充分阻止射线透过防护装置，所述透明防护屏 130优选采用 0.5mm 铅当量有机玻璃防护屏， 所述升降防护帘 140优选采用 0.5mm铅当 量橡胶防护帘。
所述防护屏单元 100通过旋转臂 110和平面铰链四杆机构 120铰 接在所述防护帘单元 200上， 使所述防护屏单元 100可随旋转臂 110 水平转动。如由图 2a开始准备手术时的状态旋转至图 2b进行手术时 的状态；以及，当所述防护屏单元 100平行于所述防护帘单元 200时， 即如图 2c所示状态时， 所述防护屏单元 100可通过平面铰链四杆机 构 120升至所述防护帘单元 200上方 （如图 2b )， 当手术结束后， 通 过平面铰链四杆机构 120可降低复原至平行于所述防护帘单元 200， 即复原至图 2c所示的状态。
通过本申请的防护装置，其一体化结构结合一体同步移动和可局 部调整位置的特点， 使防护装置解除了与导管室天花板的固定关系， 安装使用不需要对导管室进行施工， 大幅简化了设备成本及使用成 本， 且导管床 400可在保证防辐射效果的基础上， 即在保证各防护构 件最佳防护位置关系的基础上， 可任意移动该防护装置， 实现同一导 管床 400同一手术中完成对头、 胸、 腹、 肢体等的手术操作， 提高了 手术效率。
具体而言， 如图 3a、 3b所示， 所述旋转臂 110包括一横轴 111 和一竖轴 112， 所述平面铰链四杆机构 120包括位于同一竖直面的主 动曲柄 121、从动曲柄 122和支撑连杆 123， 其中： 所述主动曲柄 121 的一端通过第一销轴 101可转动的连接于所述防护帘单元 200， 其另 一端通过第二销轴 102可转动的连接于所述支撑连杆 123; 所述从动 曲柄 122 的一端通过第三销轴 103 可转动的连接于所述防护帘单元 200， 其另一端通过第四销轴 104可转动的连接于所述支撑连杆 123; 所述支撑连杆 123竖直设置，且所述支撑连杆 123可转动的插接于上 所述旋转臂 110的竖轴 112内。 如图所示， 第一销轴 101、 第二销轴 102、 第四销轴 104和第三销轴 103的连线为平行四边形， 且运动过 程中始终保持平行四边形， 如图 3a为升起状态， 当术后需要降下时， 手动按压防护屏单元 100， 此时， 第一销轴 101和第三销轴 103的间 距和位置不变，第二销轴 102和第四销轴 104的间距不变而位置变化， 即第二销轴 102和第四销轴 104饶第一销轴 101和第三销轴 103向下 转动， 直至图 3b所示状态， 即复原至与导管床 400相平齐状态。
为了进一步提高上述操作的便利性以及保持升起和降下状态，所 述平面铰链四杆机构 120还包括有气弹簧 124和限位块 125， 所述气 弹簧 124的一端可转动的安装在所述第三销轴 103上，其另一端通过 第五销轴 105可转动的连接于所述主动曲柄 121 ; 所述限位块 125安 装在所述防护帘单元 200上，且位于所述第一销轴 101和所述第三销 轴 103之间。 如图 3b， 当平面铰链四杆机构 120降下且过死点后， 会产生继续转动的趋势， 此时主动曲柄 121受阻于限位块 125， 进而 通过该限位块 125将平面铰链四杆机构 120保持于降下状态， 显然， 也可通过从动曲柄直接碰触相邻近的防护帘单元来实现降下状态的 锁定； 如图 3a， 当平面铰链四杆机构 120升起后， 气弹簧 124处于 膨胀伸长状态，其弹力使得所述平面铰链四杆机构具有继续向上旋转 的趋势， 而该趋势受阻于防护帘单元或者图示的床边滑轨单元， 进而 可实现保持于平面铰链四杆机构的升起状态， 优选的， 可在所述主动 曲柄上设置凸出部 1211， 另该凸出部 1211在升起状态时直接碰触相 邻近的床边滑轨单元 （或者防护帘单元） 来实现升起状态的锁定。
所述支撑连杆 123优选设置为具有一定弯度， 以提高该防护装置 的紧凑性， 以及在图 2a和图 3a所示的手术准备状态， 能够留出更多 空间便于医者操作， 具体地说， 该支撑连杆 123包括用于插装在所述 竖轴 112内的第一竖直部 1231、 用于铰接于所述主动曲柄 121和所 述从动曲柄 122的第二竖直部 1232、以及连接在所述第一竖直部 1231 和所述第二竖直部 1232之间的倾斜部 1233。
另， 所述支撑连杆 123的第一竖直部 1231与所述旋转臂 110的 竖轴 112之间设置有双向棘爪机构， 为此， 当转动支撑连杆 123时， 会产生步进的效果和发出规律的声音， 使得手动转动的操作更具手 感， 操作更准确。
如图 4所示， 防护帘单元 200包括滑块座 210、 回转板 220、 悬 装在回转板 220上的回转防护帘 230和悬挂在床边滑轨单元 300上的 随动防护帘 240，其中：滑块座 210固定连接在床边滑轨单元 300上， 回转板 220通过竖直设置的第六销轴 106可转动的插接在所述滑块座 210内， 使所述回转板 220可绕所述第六销轴 106水平转动， 驱使回 转防护帘 230和随动防护帘 240呈一定角度（如图 2b )， 将医者遮挡 在内提高防护效果。其中的回转防护帘 230和随动防护帘 240分别优 选采用 0.5mm铅当量橡胶防护帘， 以确保对 X射线等的有效防护。
为防止被患者身体反射造成的二次杂散辐射透过防护屏单元 100 和防护帘单元 200 的间隙而伤害到医者， 本发明保留了防护屏单元 100和防护帘单元 200之间的防护板， 且为在此基础上， 使其能够升 起和回降， 以达到节约空间和便于患者上下床的效果。 本发明将该防 护板改进为旋升护板 250， 所述旋升护板 250通过所述平行四边形连 杆机构 260安装在所述回转板 220的外侧，使所述旋升护板 250能够 升至所述防护屏单元 100和防护帘单元 200之间，用于消除所述防护 屏单元 100和所述防护帘单元 200之间的间隙，进而达到无间隙防护 的效果。
如图 5a、 5b所示， 为简化设备并提高其结构的紧凑性， 其中的 平行四边形连杆机构 260优选设置为： 所述平行四边形连杆机构 260 包括两个长销轴 261、 两个短销轴 262、 两个转杆 263以及两对相适 配的凸球面底座 264和凹球面连接块 265， 其中： 各所述转杆 263的 一端分别通过相应的所述长销轴 261 可转动的连接于所述回转板 220, 各所述转杆 263的另一端分别通过相应的短销轴 262可转动的 连接于所述凸球面底座 264， 所述凹球面连接块 265与所述凸球面底 座 264可在竖直方向相对滑动，且所述凹球面连接块 265与所述旋升 护板 250固定连接。
所述旋升护板 250具有竖板部 251和斜板部 252， 斜板部 252位 于竖板部 251上方， 所述斜板部 252上具有榫结构， 各所述转杆 263 临近所述短销轴 262的端部具有与所述榫结构相适配的卯结构。 当手 动驱使旋升护板 250升起后，手动驱使旋升护板 250的凹球面连接块 265相对凸球面底座 264滑动， 使旋升机构的榫结构卡合在转杆 263 端部的卯结构中， 实现旋升护板 250的定位； 手动将旋升护板 250的 榫结构脱离转杆 263端部的卯结构，旋升护板 250即可在其自身重力 作用下自动降下复位。 显然， 根据产品的设计要求， 也可设置为， 所 述斜板部 252上具有卯结构，各所述转杆 263临近所述短销轴 262的 端部具有与所述卯结构相适配的榫结构。
如图 6所示， 所述床边滑轨单元 300包括滚动式直线滑轨 310、 上压条 320、 下压条 330、 滑块 340和挡块 350， 其中： 所述滚动式 直线滑轨 310的两侧分别固定安装有上压条 320和下压条 330， 所述 上压条 320和所述下压条 330用于将所述滚动式直线滑轨 310卡合于 所述导管床 400的边侧导轨 401上；所述滑块 340可滑动的安装在所 述滚动式直线滑轨 310上，用于与所述防护帘单元 200的所述滑块座 210固定连接； 所述滚动式直线滑轨 310的前端和后端分别安装有一 挡块 350， 用于限定所述滑块 340的滑动范围。 通过该床边滑轨单元 300可在不改动现有导管床 400结构的基础上， 直接将本发明的防护 装置安装在导管床 400的边侧导轨 401上， 安装更加灵活、 便利， 且 实现了防护装置的水平往复移动， 扩大了辐射防护的范围， 尤其是， 该床边滑轨单元 300相对的延长了导管床 400边侧导轨 401的有效长 度， 进一步扩大了该防护装置的防护范围。
另， 为更充分的去除各防护单元之间的间隙， 提高防护效果， 所 述床边滑轨单元 300还包括提拉护板 360和滑板机构 370， 所述提拉 护板 360通过滑板机构 370可移动的安装在所述滚动式直线滑轨 310 内侧， 使所述提拉护板 360可升起和降回， 在术前或术后能够将提拉 护板 360降下至于床面平齐， 不仅使得结构更加紧凑， 而且便于患者 上下床， 更具人性化。 具体的， 如图 7所示， 所述滑板机构 370优选 设置为， 包括滑板 371和与所述滑板 371相适配的滑板座 372， 所述 滑板座 372固装在所述提拉护板 360上，所述滑板 371插接在所述滑 板座 372的滑槽内，所述滑板 371上设有用于与所述滚动式直线滑轨 310前端内侧固定连接的连接块 373， 且为了实现提拉护板 360升起 或者降下状态的锁定，可在提拉护板 360内插装有如橡胶材质的弹性 柱塞 374， 该弹性柱塞与所述滑板 371相挤压接触， 以提供用于提拉 护板 360保持于升起或者降下状态的摩擦力。
另， 为实现对 X射线等的有效防护， 本发明的旋升护板 250和 提拉护板 360优选设置为包括三层结构， 即中间的 0.5mmpb铅当量 铅板， 以及分别设置在 0.5mmpb铅当量铅板两表面的 ABS面板。 工业实用性
本发明提供的血管造影机床上一体化 X 射线防护装置包括用于 对导管床上方进行辐射防护的防护屏单元、用于对导管床下方进行辐 射防护的防护帘单元和用于连接导管床边侧轨道的床边滑轨单元，其 中： 所述防护屏单元安装在所述防护帘单元上， 所述防护帘单元固定 于所述床边滑轨单元上，使所述防护帘单元和所述防护屏单元可同步 的沿床边水平移动。 本发明的血管造影机床上一体化 X 射线防护装 置将防护屏单元、 防护帘单元集成为一体， 且通过床边滑轨单元， 可 实现防护屏单元、 防护帘单元的随床同步移动， 且在移动过程中， 防 护屏单元、 防护帘单元无错位现象， 始终处于最佳防护状态及始终与 患者处于近距离状态，进而有效避免了因移动导管床床面而造成的无 法对辐射、 尤其是患者反射的射线的二次辐射进行有效防护的问题， 同时，有效避免了现有设备因手术调整防护屏单元而造成的延长手术 时间、 增加手术风险等问题。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种血管造影机床上一体化 X射线防护装置， 其特征在于， 该装置包括用于对导管床上方进行辐射防护的防护屏单元、用于对导 管床下方进行辐射防护的防护帘单元和用于连接导管床边侧轨道的 床边滑轨单元， 其中：
所述防护屏单元安装在所述防护帘单元上，所述防护帘单元固定 于所述床边滑轨单元上，使所述防护帘单元和所述防护屏单元可同步 的沿床边水平移动。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的血管造影机床上一体化 X射线防护装 置， 其特征在于， 所述防护屏单元包括旋转臂、 平面铰链四杆机构、 安装在旋转臂上方的透明防护屏和悬挂在所述旋转臂下方的升降防 护帘， 其中： 所述防护屏单元通过旋转臂和平面铰链四杆机构铰接在 所述防护帘单元上， 使所述防护屏单元可随旋转臂水平转动， 以及， 当所述防护屏单元平行于所述防护帘单元时，使所述防护屏单元可通 过平面铰链四杆机构升至所述防护帘单元上方以及降低复原至平行 于所述防护帘单元。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的血管造影机床上一体化 X射线防护装 置， 其特征在于， 所述旋转臂包括一横轴和一竖轴， 所述平面铰链四 杆机构包括位于同一竖直面的主动曲柄、从动曲柄和支撑连杆，其中： 所述主动曲柄的一端通过第一销轴可转动的连接于所述防护帘单元， 其另一端通过第二销轴可转动的连接于所述支撑连杆；所述从动曲柄 的一端通过第三销轴可转动的连接于所述防护帘单元，其另一端通过 第四销轴可转动的连接于所述支撑连杆； 所述支撑连杆竖直设置， 且 所述支撑连杆可转动的插接在所述旋转臂的竖轴内。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的血管造影机床上一体化 X射线防护装 置， 其特征在于， 所述平面铰链四杆机构还包括气弹簧和限位块， 其 中： 所述气弹簧的一端可转动的安装在所述第三销轴上， 其另一端通 过第五销轴可转动的连接于所述主动曲柄；所述限位块安装在在所述 防护帘单元上， 且位于所述第一销轴和所述第三销轴之间， 当所述气 弹簧随着所述主动曲柄旋转降下且过死点后，用于对主动曲柄进行限 位； 所述主动曲柄具有凸出部， 所述凸出部与所述血管造影机的防护 帘单元或者所述床边侧导轨单元相对应， 当所述气弹簧随着所述主动 曲柄旋转升起后， 用于对所述主动曲柄进行限位。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的血管造影机床上一体化 X射线防护装 置， 其特征在于， 所述支撑连杆包括用于插装在所述竖轴内的第一竖 直部、用于铰接于所述主动曲柄和所述从动曲柄的第二竖直部、 以及 连接在所述第一竖直部和所述第二竖直部之间的倾斜部。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的血管造影机床上一体化 X射线防护装 置， 其特征在于， 所述支撑连杆的第一竖直部与所述旋转臂的竖轴之 间设置有双向棘爪机构。
7、 根据权利要求 1-6任一所述的血管造影机床上一体化 X射线 防护装置， 其特征在于， 所述防护帘单元包括滑块座、 回转板、 悬装 在所述回转板上的回转防护帘和悬挂在所述床边滑轨单元上的随动 防护帘， 其中： 所述滑块座固定连接在所述床边滑轨单元上， 所述回 转板通过竖直设置的第六销轴可转动的插接在所述滑块座内，使所述 回转板可绕所述第六销轴水平转动。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的血管造影机床上一体化 X射线防护装 置， 其特征在于， 所述防护帘单元还包括旋升护板和平行四边形连杆 机构，所述旋升护板通过所述平行四边形连杆机构安装在所述回转板 的外侧，使所述旋升护板能够升至所述防护屏单元和所述防护帘单元
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的血管造影机床上一体化 X射线防护装 置， 其特征在于， 所述平行四边形连杆机构包括两个长销轴、 两个短 销轴、两个相平行的转杆以及两对相适配的凸球面底座和凹球面连接 块， 其中： 各所述转杆的一端分别通过相应的所述长销轴可转动的连 接于所述回转板，各所述转杆的另一端分别通过相应的短销轴可转动 的连接于所述凸球面底座，所述凹球面连接块与所述凸球面底座可在 竖直方向相对滑动， 且所述凹球面连接块与所述旋升护板固定连接。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的血管造影机床上一体化 X射线防护 装置， 其特征在于， 所述旋升护板具有竖板部和位于所述竖板部上方 的斜板部， 其中： 所述斜板部上具有榫结构， 各所述连杆临近所述短 销轴的端部具有与所述榫结构相适配的卯结构； 或者， 所述斜板部上 具有卯结构，各所述连杆临近所述短销轴的端部具有与所述卯结构相 适配的榫结构。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的血管造影机床上一体化 X射线防护 装置，其特征在于，所述床边滑轨单元包括滚动式直线滑轨、上压条、 下压条、 滑块和挡块， 其中： 所述滚动式直线滑轨的两侧分别固定安 装有上压条和下压条，所述上压条和所述下压条用于将所述滚动式直 线滑轨固定于所述导管床边侧导轨上；所述滑块可滑动的安装在所述 滚动式直线滑轨上， 用于与所述防护帘单元的所述滑块座固定连接； 所述滚动式直线滑轨的前端和后端分别安装有一挡块，用于限定所述 滑块的滑动范围。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的血管造影机床上一体化 X射线防护 装置， 其特征在于， 所述床边滑轨单元还包括提拉护板和滑板机构， 所述提拉护板通过滑板机构可移动的安装在所述滚动式直线滑轨内 侧， 使所述提拉护板可升起和降下。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的血管造影机床上一体化 X射线防护 装置， 其特征在于， 所述滑板机构包括滑板和与所述滑板相适配的滑 板座， 所述滑板座固装在所述提拉护板上， 所述滑板插接在所述滑板 座的滑槽内，所述滑板上设有用于与所述滚动式直线滑轨前端内侧固 定连接的连接块。
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