WO2015011355A1 - Electrical apparatus comprising an electric plug with tamper-proof reading means and electrical assembly comprising such an apparatus - Google Patents

Electrical apparatus comprising an electric plug with tamper-proof reading means and electrical assembly comprising such an apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015011355A1
WO2015011355A1 PCT/FR2014/051634 FR2014051634W WO2015011355A1 WO 2015011355 A1 WO2015011355 A1 WO 2015011355A1 FR 2014051634 W FR2014051634 W FR 2014051634W WO 2015011355 A1 WO2015011355 A1 WO 2015011355A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrical
switch
plug
resistor
circuit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2014/051634
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2015011355A8 (en
Inventor
Jean-Luc Chaumeny
Vincent Valadas
Original Assignee
Legrand France
Legrand Snc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Legrand France, Legrand Snc filed Critical Legrand France
Priority to DE112014003362.6T priority Critical patent/DE112014003362T5/en
Priority to JP2016528567A priority patent/JP6291047B2/en
Publication of WO2015011355A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015011355A1/en
Publication of WO2015011355A8 publication Critical patent/WO2015011355A8/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/6608—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in single component
    • H01R13/6616—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in single component with resistor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/65—Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/70—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch
    • H01R13/703—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch operated by engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. dual-continuity coupling part
    • H01R13/7036—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch operated by engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. dual-continuity coupling part the switch being in series with coupling part, e.g. dead coupling, explosion proof coupling
    • H01R13/7038—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch operated by engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. dual-continuity coupling part the switch being in series with coupling part, e.g. dead coupling, explosion proof coupling making use of a remote controlled switch, e.g. relais, solid state switch activated by the engagement of the coupling parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/36—Temperature of vehicle components or parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/549—Current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/80—Time limits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R2201/00—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications
    • H01R2201/26—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications for vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R24/00—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure
    • H01R24/28—Coupling parts carrying pins, blades or analogous contacts and secured only to wire or cable
    • H01R24/30—Coupling parts carrying pins, blades or analogous contacts and secured only to wire or cable with additional earth or shield contacts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/14—Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the field of electrical plugs.
  • an electrical apparatus comprising a power cable and an electrical plug mounted at the end of the power cable and adapted to be plugged into an electrical outlet, said electrical plug comprising reading means adapted to cooperate with means for identifying the electrical outlet so as to transmit a control signal to said electrical apparatus, said reading means comprising an electrical circuit provided with a switch such that said control signal is determined according to the open state or off the switch.
  • the invention finds a particularly advantageous application in the production of an electrical plug dedicated to the charging of electric accumulators of a battery of an electric motor vehicle and which can be connected to an electrical outlet delivering a current of maximum intensity equal to 16 Amperes.
  • It also relates to an electrical assembly comprising an electrical outlet and such an electrical device.
  • the reading means of the plug By cooperating with the identification means of the socket, the reading means of the plug generate an electrical control signal, which can be transmitted to the electrical apparatus to which the electrical plug is electrically connected by a power cable.
  • This electrical signal provides said electrical device with an indication of the maximum current of electric current that the electrical outlet is adapted to deliver permanently without being damaged.
  • the charge of the battery of a motor vehicle indeed requires the passage in this battery of a current typically equal to 14 amperes during many hours.
  • This type of electrical outlet theoretically has intrinsic characteristics allowing it to deliver a current of intensity less than or equal to 16 amperes for a standardized period.
  • this type of electrical outlet meets normative requirements defined for common domestic uses for which the intensity of the delivered current is in most cases less than 14 Amperes, with frequencies and durations of stresses lower than those which are necessary for charging the battery of a motor vehicle.
  • the intrinsic characteristics of the electrical outlets installed in the homes of users may vary from one outlet to another, and may also vary over time. It is therefore impossible to know for sure these characteristics.
  • the control signal generated by the electrical plug described in document FR2977389 may be received by a battery charge management device disposed in the vehicle. This management device can then adjust the parameters of the charge of the battery, in particular the charging time and the intensity of the current drawn according to the control signal received.
  • the reading means of the electrical plug described in the document FR2977389 may include an electrical circuit provided with a switch.
  • the control signal transmitted by the electrical plug is then a binary signal corresponding to the open or closed state of the switch.
  • a disadvantage of this plug is the fact that the transmitted control signal does not detect a possible malfunction of the electrical plug.
  • documents WO2013 / 030646 and EP2605340 disclose methods for determining with certainty whether a motor vehicle is in charge or discharge mode.
  • This vehicle is for this purpose equipped with a socket which includes a pin for transmitting a signal developed in such a way that the vehicle can determine whether it is in charge or discharge mode.
  • the present invention proposes a new electrical device improving the safety of the power supply.
  • the invention proposes an electrical apparatus as described in the introduction, wherein said electrical plug further comprises at least a first resistor connected to said electrical circuit in parallel with said switch and a second resistor connected to said electrical circuit in series with said switch, said electrical apparatus further comprising a power control device comprising a third resistor disposed in series with the electrical group comprising the switch and the first resistor, and means for measuring the voltage applied between the terminal ground of the electrical plug and the node of the electric circuit located between this electrical group and the third resistance.
  • the electrical circuit of the plug has a different overall resistance depending on whether the switch is open or closed or that a short circuit has occurred in the electrical circuit.
  • the electrical apparatus can thus be programmed to take into account a signal indicating a faulty operation of the electrical plug.
  • said electrical circuit comprises, successively, an electrical wire connected to the earth terminal, the first resistor and an electrical group comprising the switch and the second resistor connected in parallel with each other;
  • said switch is a switch with a flexible blade with magnetic actuation
  • said switch is a mechanically actuated switch;
  • said electrical plug comprising an insulating body from which connection pins adapted to be plugged into the electrical outlet emerge and housing internal electrical contact elements for connecting said connection pins to conductive wires, the part of said electrical circuit comprising the switch and said first and second resistors are embedded in a plastic material with at least a portion of said internal electrical contact elements;
  • said plastic material is overmolded on the electrical circuit and the internal electrical contact elements
  • said power management device is programmed to control the maximum intensity of the electrical current drawn by the electric plug into the electrical socket to which it is connected as a function of the voltage measured by said measuring means.
  • the invention relates to an electrical assembly comprising an electrical apparatus as described above, and an electrical socket comprising identification means adapted to cooperate with the reading means of the electrical plug, when this electrical plug is plugged on it, for generate the control signal.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the electrical plug according to the invention and of an associated power cable
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the electrical plug according to the invention and of an associated power supply cable, in which the electrical circuit comprising the means for reading the plug is connected on one side to the cable of FIG. power supply and the other to the electrical terminals of the electrical plug,
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the electrical plug according to the invention connected to the power cable, in which the casing and the internal overmoulding of the electric plug are not shown,
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 are perspective, front and side views of the electrical plug according to the invention and of the assembled power cable, and
  • FIG. 7 is an electrical diagram of an electrical assembly comprising an electrical plug according to the invention and an electrical outlet, said electrical plug being connected to a power cable of an electrical appliance.
  • Figure 7 shows in the form of a block diagram an electrical assembly 500 according to the invention.
  • This electrical assembly 500 comprises an electrical plug 200 according to the invention and an electrical socket 400.
  • the electrical plug 200 is adapted to be electrically connected to an electrical apparatus 300 via a power cable 100, as shown in FIG.
  • This supply cable here more specifically comprises a plurality of conducting wires 1 1 1, 1 12, surrounded by an insulating sheath 1 10.
  • the electrical outlet 400 whose main features are recalled later, is described in detail in the document FR2977389 and is not the subject of the invention in itself. It will not be described here in detail. It is sufficient to specify that it is provided with identification means 430 adapted to communicate with the electrical plug 200 to provide a control signal determined according to the electrical signal delivered by the electrical outlet 400.
  • This control signal depends on the intrinsic characteristics of the electrical outlet 400, including the maximum intensity of the current that the electrical outlet 400 is adapted to deliver without being damaged for a predetermined period, taking into account the intrinsic characteristics of the outlet.
  • this electrical outlet 400 is adapted to transmit to the plug electrical 200 connected to it, a control signal that indicates what is the maximum intensity of the current delivered by said electrical outlet 400, without this electrical outlet 400 is damaged.
  • the electrical plug 200 is adapted to communicate or to cooperate with the electrical outlet 400 to receive or generate this control signal and to transmit it to the electrical apparatus connected to the electrical plug 200.
  • the electrical apparatus 300 can then be programmed to adapt its operation according to the control signal transmitted by the electrical outlet 400.
  • the electrical apparatus 300 further comprises a power management device programmed to adapt the charging characteristics of the electrical apparatus, for example the maximum intensity of the current taken from the electrical outlet and the charging time. , according to said control signal.
  • a power management device programmed to adapt the charging characteristics of the electrical apparatus, for example the maximum intensity of the current taken from the electrical outlet and the charging time. , according to said control signal.
  • the electrical outlet 400 has more particularly intrinsic characteristics adapted to the passage of a current of 16 amps for a predetermined duration.
  • the electrical apparatus 300 connected to the electrical plug 200 is for example an electric motor vehicle.
  • an electrical outlet 400 dedicated to the battery charge of a battery of an electric motor vehicle.
  • the electrical outlet 400 is then particularly adapted to deliver a load current equal to 14 Amps for at least the duration of the charging of the electric battery of this motor vehicle. This duration is for example greater than or equal to four hours.
  • control signal then indicates to the electrical plug 200 connected to the electrical outlet 400 that this electrical outlet 400 presents with certainty the intrinsic characteristics necessary for the charge of the battery of the motor vehicle 300 with this charging current of 14 amperes.
  • the electrical plug 200 communicates with the electrical outlet 400 to transmit to the motor vehicle 300 a control signal indicating the maximum intensity value of the current that the electrical outlet 400 can deliver for a long time, higher or equal to four hours without being damaged.
  • the power management device of the electric motor vehicle 300 can then adjust the value of the intensity of the current that the battery of this vehicle can pull from the electrical outlet for the charge of the accumulators of the battery so as not to exceed this maximum current value.
  • the battery charge is carried out under optimized conditions and the battery the vehicle draws a charging current of 14 amps during the usual charging time.
  • This usual duration of charge is for example equal to 8 hours for an initially empty battery.
  • the vehicle battery draws a current lower than 16 Amperes, for example equal to 8 amps, for a period longer than the usual charging time, so as to charge the accumulators of the battery, without damaging the electrical outlet.
  • the vehicle can optimize its charging time depending on the electrical outlet on which it is connected, without endangering the installation.
  • FIGS. 1 to 6 show more particularly an embodiment of the electrical plug 200.
  • This electrical plug 200 conventionally comprises a body 210 comprising an insulating sleeve 21 1 and a front portion 220 which closes said sleeve 21 1 at the front of the electrical plug 200.
  • the sleeve 21 1 houses the ends of two metal pins 221 electrical connection which emerges from the body 210 through said front portion 220 in directions parallel to the longitudinal axis of said body 210.
  • This body 210 is made of insulating material, for example by molding a synthetic material, in particular plastic.
  • Said front portion 220 comprises in particular a front wall 220A ( Figures 1, 2 and 3) through which said pins 221 project.
  • This front wall 220A further comprises a housing opening at the front which houses a 222 terminal adapted to possibly receive a ground pin of the electrical outlet 400 inserted in said housing, in order to connect the electrical plug 200 to the ground.
  • the electrical plug 200 shown in the figures is also adapted to be used with electrical sockets according to the Germanic standard, in which there is also provided a receiving well of the electrical plug, at the bottom of which open the openings giving access to the terminals of the electrical socket, and comprising a ground connection lyre whose diametrically opposite ends protrude from the side wall of the receiving well.
  • the terminal 222 housed in the housing of the insulating front wall 220A of the electrical plug 200 comprises at least one lateral flange 223 (see FIG. 1), which extends from the front wall, towards the rear electrical plug 200.
  • This lateral flange 223 is adapted to be placed vis-à-vis a slot 215 provided longitudinally in the sleeve 21 1 of the electrical plug 200 ( Figure 4).
  • the lateral flange 223 of the electrical terminal 222 is accessible outside the body 210 of the electrical plug 200, so that one end of the grounding terminal of the electrical plug complies with the Germanic standard can thus come into contact with the lateral flange 223 during the insertion of the electrical plug 200 into the corresponding electrical outlet.
  • the terminal 222 advantageously comprises two diametrically opposite side wings 223.
  • this electrical plug 200 accessible on the front face of this electrical plug 200, comprises a rear portion housed inside the sleeve 21 1, which protrudes from a rear face of the front wall 220A in this sleeve 21 1 (FIGS. 1 to 3) .
  • the sleeve 21 1 insulating the electrical plug 200 also houses intermediate electrical connection elements 251, 252. Here, it is electrical connection blades 251, 252 metal.
  • each of the two pins 221 and the terminal 222 is electrically connected to one end of one of these electrical connection blades 251, 252.
  • the other end of this connecting blade 251, 252 is adapted to be connected to one of the leads 1 1 1 from the power cable 100.
  • Each of the electrical connection blades 251, 252 may be crimped or welded on the rear portion of the pin 221 or the corresponding terminal 222, or come in one piece with this pin or this terminal. It can be likewise crimped or welded to the conductors 1 1 1 of the power cable 100.
  • the sleeve 21 1 of the body 210 of the electrical plug 200 is extended at the rear by a rear tube 240 through which the supply cable 100 connecting the electrical plug 200 to the electrical apparatus 300 (FIGS. 4, 5 and 6).
  • each conductor wire 1 1 1 of the power cable 100 is connected to the battery power management device of the motor vehicle which constitutes here the electrical apparatus 300.
  • the electrical plug 200 here comprises reading means 230 adapted to cooperate with the identification means 430 of the electrical outlet 400 so as to transmit said control signal to said electrical apparatus 300 (see Figures 1 to 3 and 7).
  • Said reading means 230 comprise a secondary electrical circuit provided with a switch 232, such that said control signal is determined as a function of the open or closed state of the switch 232.
  • secondary electrical circuit here means an electrical circuit of the electrical plug 200 separate from the main electrical circuit connecting the pins 221 of the electric plug 200 to the corresponding electrical appliance 300.
  • the secondary electrical circuit can be connected to the electrical appliance
  • the secondary electrical circuit is connected to the ground terminal 222 and a lead wire 1 12 from the power cable 100 to the device 300 electrical (see in particular Figure 7).
  • the secondary circuit of said electrical plug 200 further comprises at least one first resistor 233 connected to said secondary electrical circuit in parallel with said switch 232 and a second resistor 231 connected to said secondary electrical circuit in series with said switch 232 (see FIGS. 1 to 3 and 7).
  • the control signal here consists in the value of the voltage measured between two points of the secondary electrical circuit, corresponding across the set of first and second resistors and the switch.
  • the secondary electric circuit comprises the second resistor 231 arranged in series with an electrical group formed by the switch 232 and the first resistor 233 in parallel.
  • the secondary electrical circuit then comprises successively, an electrical wire connected to the earth terminal, the second resistor 231 and the electrical group comprising the switch 232 and the first resistor 233 connected in parallel with each other.
  • the secondary electrical circuit then comprises three crimps: a first crimping connecting the conductor wire 1 12 of the power cable 100, a terminal of the first resistor 233 and a terminal of the switch 232, a second crimping connecting the another terminal of the first resistor 233, the other terminal of the switch 232 and a terminal of the second resistor 231, and a third crimp connecting the other terminal of the second resistor 231, the connection element 252 connected to the second resistor 231; earth terminal, and the conductor wire 1 1 1 of the electric cable connected to this connection element 252.
  • the device for managing the power supply of the battery of the motor vehicle 300 here comprises a third resistor 310 disposed on the path of the conducting wire 1 12 which supplies the secondary electric circuit of the electric plug 200 inside the apparatus
  • This third resistor 310 is therefore arranged in series with the electrical group comprising the switch and the first resistor.
  • This power management device further comprises a voltage measuring device 320 which measures the voltage between the conductor wire 1 1 1 connected to the ground terminal and a point of the conductor wire 1 12 located between the third resistor 310 and the portion of the electrical circuit comprising the first 233 and second 231 resistors and the switch 232.
  • the control signal transmitted by the electrical plug 200 then consists of the value of the voltage measured by said voltage measuring device 320, which makes it possible to distinguish a malfunction situation of the short-circuit type from a normal operating situation.
  • said power management device is then programmed to control the maximum intensity of the electric current taken by the electric plug 200 on the electrical outlet 400 to which it is connected as a function of the voltage measured by the said measurement means. voltage 320.
  • the first resistor 233 is a resistance of 16 kiloOhm
  • the second resistor 231 is a resistance of 10 kiloOhm
  • the third resistor 310 is a resistor of 10 kiloOhm.
  • the conducting wire 1 12 feeds the secondary electrical circuit with a voltage equal to 4.096 volts.
  • the voltage measured by the voltage measuring device 320 is equal to about 2 volts, here more precisely equal to 2.048 volts.
  • the switch 232 When the switch 232 is open, the electric current flows through the two resistors 231, 233: the overall resistance of the secondary electrical circuit is equal to the sum of the first and second resistors.
  • the voltage measured by the voltage measuring device 320 is equal to about 3 volts, here more precisely equal to 2.958 volts.
  • the voltage measured by the voltage measuring device 320 is equal to 0 volts.
  • the voltage measured by the voltage measuring device 320 is equal. at 4,096 volts.
  • the passage of a current in this secondary electrical circuit makes it possible to transmit to the electrical apparatus 300 connected to the electrical plug 200 the control signal determined according to the electrical signal delivered by the electrical outlet 400 to which it is connected, which indicates, on the one hand, whether the electrical socket is certain to deliver an electrical signal of maximum intensity equal to 16 Amperes, and, on the other hand, whether the electrical plug is operating normally or whether a short circuit or a break in the secondary electrical circuit is taking place.
  • this electrical plug 200 In order to reinforce the security of this electrical plug 200, it is rendered tamperproof by embedding the portion of said secondary electrical circuit comprising the switch 232 and said first 233 and second 231 resistors in a plastic material 260 with at least a part of said elements. electrical contact points ( Figures 1 and 2).
  • said plastic material is overmolded on the electrical circuit and the internal electrical contact elements 251, 252.
  • this plastic material completely fills the sleeve 21 1 of the body 210 of the electrical plug 200.
  • the overmolded plastics material 260 is shown separately from the other internal elements of the electrical plug, so as to allow easy visualization of the various components of the electrical plug.
  • the switch 232 is here preferably a switch with flexible blades, with magnetic actuation.
  • the reed switch 232 comprises two contact blades which are spaced in the absence of a magnetic field and which come into contact with each other in the presence of a magnetic field of any direction. These two blades are arranged in a glass tube filled with an inert gas protecting them against oxidation.
  • the breaking capacity of this soft-leaf switch 232 is the maximum current that can pass through without damaging the blades and is between 1 milliamperes and 4 amperes.
  • the switching time of this reed switch 232 corresponding to the time taken by the blades to come into contact with each other in the presence of a magnetic field, is about 0.5 millisecond.
  • the reed switch 232 is in the form of a cylindrical housing ( Figures 1 to 3). It is partially housed in a housing 225 in the form of a cylindrical orifice formed in the front portion 220 of the body 210 of the electrical plug 200 and which opens towards the inside of this sleeve 21 1.
  • This cylindrical orifice extends longitudinally in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the body 210.
  • the free end of the reed switch 232 is thus very close to the front wall of the front portion 220 of the electrical plug 200.
  • the reed switch 232 is then immersed in the magnetic field produced by the magnet 430 of the electrical outlet 400 and moves from its open position, in which the flexible blades are spaced apart, to a closed position in which the flexible blades are in contact, which allows the circulation of an electric current in the secondary electrical circuit of the electrical plug 200.
  • the reed switch may be arranged differently in the electrical plug, always close to the front face of the front part of the electrical plug.
  • the switch is a mechanically actuated switch.
  • the identification means of the electrical outlet then comprise either an electrical contact element adapted to close the secondary electric circuit of the electrical plug by making contact between the two terminals of the switch of this secondary circuit which are accessible on the front face of the front part of the electrical plug, ie a mechanical actuating element, such a stud, adapted to penetrate into the electrical plug through an opening for actuating said switch when the plug is plugged into the corresponding electrical outlet.
  • the signal transmitted by the electrical plug is different depending on whether the electrical plug is working properly or that a short circuit or a circuit break occurs.
  • the motor vehicle In the case of the motor vehicle, it will be programmed to perform the same load cycle when the control signal indicates a malfunction or when it indicates that the electrical outlet is not certain to deliver a current of 16 amps.

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Abstract

The invention concerns an electrical apparatus (300) comprising, for the electrical power supply of same, a power supply cable (100) provided at the free end of same with an electric plug (200) designed to be plugged into an electrical socket (400), said electric plug (200) comprising reading means (230) designed to cooperate with identification means (430) of the electric socket (400) so as to transmit a control signal to said electrical apparatus (300), said reading means (230) comprising an electric circuit provided with a switch (232) such that said control signal is determined on the basis of the open or closed state of the switch (232), characterised in that said electric plug (200) further comprises at least one first resistor (233) connected to said electric circuit in parallel to said switch (232) and a second resistor (231) connected to said electric circuit in series with said switch (232), said electrical apparatus further comprising a power management device comprising a third resistor (310) arranged in series with the power unit comprising the switch (232) and the first resistor (233), and means (320) for measuring the voltage applied between the earth terminal (222) of the electric plug (200) and the node of the electric circuit located between this power unit and the third resistor (310).

Description

APPAREIL ELECTRIQUE COMPORTANT UNE EFICHE ELECTRIQUE AVEC DES MOYENS DE LECTURE INVIOLABLES ET ENSEMBLE ELECTRIQUE COMPRENANT UN TEL APPAREIL  ELECTRICAL DEVICE COMPRISING AN ELECTRICAL EFICHE WITH INVIOLABLE READING MEANS AND AN ELECTRICAL ASSEMBLY COMPRISING SUCH AN APPARATUS
DOMAINE TECHNIQUE AUQUEL SE RAPPORTE L'INVENTION La présente invention concerne de manière générale le domaine des fiches électriques. TECHNICAL FIELD TO WHICH THE INVENTION RELATES The present invention relates generally to the field of electrical plugs.
Elle concerne plus particulièrement un appareil électrique comportant un câble d'alimentation et une fiche électrique montée à l'extrémité du câble d'alimentation et adaptée à être enfichée dans une prise électrique, ladite fiche électrique comportant des moyens de lecture adaptés à coopérer avec des moyens d'identification de la prise électrique de manière à transmettre un signal de contrôle audit appareil électrique, lesdits moyens de lecture comprenant un circuit électrique muni d'un interrupteur de telle sorte que ledit signal de contrôle est déterminé en fonction de l'état ouvert ou fermé de l'interrupteur.  It relates more particularly to an electrical apparatus comprising a power cable and an electrical plug mounted at the end of the power cable and adapted to be plugged into an electrical outlet, said electrical plug comprising reading means adapted to cooperate with means for identifying the electrical outlet so as to transmit a control signal to said electrical apparatus, said reading means comprising an electrical circuit provided with a switch such that said control signal is determined according to the open state or off the switch.
L'invention trouve une application particulièrement avantageuse dans la réalisation d'une fiche électrique dédiée à la charge d'accumulateurs électriques d'une batterie d'un véhicule automobile électrique et qui peut être connectée à une prise électrique délivrant un courant d'intensité maximale égale à 16 Ampères.  The invention finds a particularly advantageous application in the production of an electrical plug dedicated to the charging of electric accumulators of a battery of an electric motor vehicle and which can be connected to an electrical outlet delivering a current of maximum intensity equal to 16 Amperes.
Elle concerne également un ensemble électrique comportant une prise électrique et un tel appareil électrique.  It also relates to an electrical assembly comprising an electrical outlet and such an electrical device.
ARRIERE-PLAN TECHNOLOGIQUE  BACKGROUND
On connaît notamment du document FR2977389, appartenant aux demanderesses, une fiche électrique telle que décrite en introduction.  Document FR2977389, belonging to the applicants, discloses an electrical plug as described in the introduction.
En coopérant avec les moyens d'identification de la prise, les moyens de lecture de la fiche génèrent un signal électrique de contrôle, qui peut être transmis à l'appareil électrique auquel la fiche électrique est connectée électriquement par un câble d'alimentation.  By cooperating with the identification means of the socket, the reading means of the plug generate an electrical control signal, which can be transmitted to the electrical apparatus to which the electrical plug is electrically connected by a power cable.
Ce signal électrique fournit audit appareil électrique une indication concernant l'intensité maximale du courant électrique que la prise électrique est adaptée à délivrer en permanence sans être endommagée.  This electrical signal provides said electrical device with an indication of the maximum current of electric current that the electrical outlet is adapted to deliver permanently without being damaged.
Ceci est particulièrement avantageux dans le cas où l'appareil électrique est la batterie électrique d'un véhicule automobile.  This is particularly advantageous in the case where the electrical apparatus is the electric battery of a motor vehicle.
La charge de la batterie d'un véhicule automobile nécessite en effet le passage dans cette batterie d'un courant typiquement égal à 14 Ampères pendant plusieurs heures. The charge of the battery of a motor vehicle indeed requires the passage in this battery of a current typically equal to 14 amperes during many hours.
Pour des questions pratiques, il est par ailleurs avantageux pour l'utilisateur de connecter la fiche électrique reliée à la batterie de son véhicule automobile, sur une prise électrique domestique standard normalisée à 16 Ampères.  For practical reasons, it is also advantageous for the user to connect the electrical plug connected to the battery of his motor vehicle, on a standard household electrical outlet standardized to 16 amperes.
Ce type de prise électrique présente théoriquement des caractéristiques intrinsèques lui permettant de délivrer un courant d'intensité inférieure ou égale à 16 Ampères pendant une durée normalisée.  This type of electrical outlet theoretically has intrinsic characteristics allowing it to deliver a current of intensity less than or equal to 16 amperes for a standardized period.
Cependant, ce type de prise électrique répond à des exigences normatives définies pour des utilisations domestiques courantes pour lesquelles l'intensité du courant délivré est dans la plupart des cas inférieure à 14 Ampères, avec des fréquences et des durées de sollicitations inférieures à celles qui sont nécessaires pour la charge de la batterie d'un véhicule automobile.  However, this type of electrical outlet meets normative requirements defined for common domestic uses for which the intensity of the delivered current is in most cases less than 14 Amperes, with frequencies and durations of stresses lower than those which are necessary for charging the battery of a motor vehicle.
En outre, en pratique, les caractéristiques intrinsèques des prises électriques installées au domicile des utilisateurs peuvent varier d'une prise à l'autre, et peuvent également varier dans le temps. Il est donc impossible de connaître avec certitude ces caractéristiques.  In addition, in practice, the intrinsic characteristics of the electrical outlets installed in the homes of users may vary from one outlet to another, and may also vary over time. It is therefore impossible to know for sure these characteristics.
Il est également possible que l'utilisateur soit confronté à une prise électrique ne répondant pas à la norme.  It is also possible that the user is faced with an electrical outlet that does not meet the standard.
Une telle incertitude sur les caractéristiques intrinsèques de la prise électrique et donc sur son aptitude à délivrer un courant supérieur ou égal à 14 Ampères ou plus pendant plusieurs heures, de manière régulière, n'est pas acceptable car elle met en jeu la sécurité des personnes et des installations.  Such uncertainty about the intrinsic characteristics of the electrical outlet and therefore its ability to deliver a current greater than or equal to 14 amps or more for several hours, on a regular basis, is not acceptable because it involves the safety of people and facilities.
Le signal de contrôle généré par la fiche électrique décrite dans le document FR2977389, peut être reçu par un dispositif de gestion de la charge de la batterie disposé dans le véhicule. Ce dispositif de gestion peut alors ajuster les paramètres de la charge de la batterie, notamment le temps de charge et l'intensité du courant prélevé en fonction du signal de contrôle reçu.  The control signal generated by the electrical plug described in document FR2977389 may be received by a battery charge management device disposed in the vehicle. This management device can then adjust the parameters of the charge of the battery, in particular the charging time and the intensity of the current drawn according to the control signal received.
Les moyens de lecture de la fiche électrique décrite dans le document FR2977389 peuvent notamment comprendre un circuit électrique muni d'un interrupteur. Le signal de contrôle transmis par la fiche électrique est alors un signal binaire correspondant à l'état d'ouverture ou de fermeture de l'interrupteur.  The reading means of the electrical plug described in the document FR2977389 may include an electrical circuit provided with a switch. The control signal transmitted by the electrical plug is then a binary signal corresponding to the open or closed state of the switch.
Un inconvénient de cette fiche électrique réside dans le fait que le signal de contrôle transmis ne permet pas de détecter un éventuel dysfonctionnement de la fiche électrique. A disadvantage of this plug is the fact that the transmitted control signal does not detect a possible malfunction of the electrical plug.
En effet, un court-circuit établi entre les deux branches du circuit entourant l'interrupteur ne peut être distingué de l'état de fermeture de l'interrupteur.  Indeed, a short circuit established between the two branches of the circuit surrounding the switch can not be distinguished from the closed state of the switch.
La sécurité de la fiche électrique n'est donc pas optimale.  The safety of the electric plug is therefore not optimal.
On connaît par ailleurs des documents WO2013/030646 et EP2605340 des procédés permettant de déterminer de manière certaine si un véhicule automobile est en mode charge ou décharge. Ce véhicule est à cet effet équipé d'une prise de courant qui comporte notamment une broche permettant de transmettre un signal élaboré de telle manière que le véhicule peut déterminer s'il est en mode charge ou décharge.  Furthermore, documents WO2013 / 030646 and EP2605340 disclose methods for determining with certainty whether a motor vehicle is in charge or discharge mode. This vehicle is for this purpose equipped with a socket which includes a pin for transmitting a signal developed in such a way that the vehicle can determine whether it is in charge or discharge mode.
OBJET DE L'INVENTION  OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
Afin de remédier à l'inconvénient de sécurité électrique précité de l'état de la technique, la présente invention propose un nouvel appareil électrique améliorant la sécurité de l'alimentation électrique.  In order to overcome the aforementioned drawback of electrical safety of the state of the art, the present invention proposes a new electrical device improving the safety of the power supply.
Plus particulièrement, on propose selon l'invention un appareil électrique tel que décrit en introduction, dans lequel ladite fiche électrique comporte en outre au moins une première résistance connectée audit circuit électrique en parallèle dudit interrupteur et une deuxième résistance connectée audit circuit électrique en série avec ledit interrupteur, ledit appareil électrique comprenant en outre un dispositif de gestion de l'alimentation comprenant une troisième résistance disposée en série avec le groupe électrique comprenant l'interrupteur et la première résistance, ainsi que des moyens de mesure de la tension appliquée entre la borne de terre de la fiche électrique et le nœud du circuit électrique situé entre ce groupe électrique et la troisième résistance.  More particularly, the invention proposes an electrical apparatus as described in the introduction, wherein said electrical plug further comprises at least a first resistor connected to said electrical circuit in parallel with said switch and a second resistor connected to said electrical circuit in series with said switch, said electrical apparatus further comprising a power control device comprising a third resistor disposed in series with the electrical group comprising the switch and the first resistor, and means for measuring the voltage applied between the terminal ground of the electrical plug and the node of the electric circuit located between this electrical group and the third resistance.
Grâce à la présence de ces deux résistances, le circuit électrique de la fiche présente une résistance globale différente selon que l'interrupteur est ouvert ou fermé ou qu'un court-circuit s'est produit dans le circuit électrique.  Thanks to the presence of these two resistors, the electrical circuit of the plug has a different overall resistance depending on whether the switch is open or closed or that a short circuit has occurred in the electrical circuit.
Ainsi, il est possible de distinguer les situations de fonctionnement défectueux de la fiche électrique des situations de fonctionnement normal.  Thus, it is possible to distinguish the malfunctioning situations of the electrical plug from the normal operating situations.
L'appareil électrique peut ainsi être programmé pour prendre en compte un signal indiquant un fonctionnement défectueux de la fiche électrique.  The electrical apparatus can thus be programmed to take into account a signal indicating a faulty operation of the electrical plug.
D'autres caractéristiques non limitatives et avantageuses de l'appareil électrique conforme à l'invention sont les suivantes : - ledit circuit électrique est connecté à une borne de terre de la fiche électrique, destinée à recevoir le contact électrique de terre de la prise électrique ; Other non-limiting and advantageous features of the electrical apparatus according to the invention are the following: - said electrical circuit is connected to a ground terminal of the electrical plug, intended to receive the electrical ground contact of the electrical outlet;
- ledit circuit électrique comprend successivement, un fil électrique connecté à la borne de terre, la première résistance et un groupe électrique comprenant l'interrupteur et la deuxième résistance connectés en parallèle l'un de l'autre ;  said electrical circuit comprises, successively, an electrical wire connected to the earth terminal, the first resistor and an electrical group comprising the switch and the second resistor connected in parallel with each other;
- ledit interrupteur est un interrupteur à lame souple à actionnement magnétique ;  said switch is a switch with a flexible blade with magnetic actuation;
- ledit interrupteur est un interrupteur à actionnement mécanique ; - ladite fiche électrique comportant un corps isolant dont émergent des broches de connexion adaptées à être enfichées dans la prise électrique et logeant des éléments de contact électrique interne pour le raccord desdites broches de connexion à des fils conducteurs, la partie dudit circuit électrique comportant l'interrupteur et lesdites première et deuxième résistances est noyée dans un matériau plastique avec au moins une partie desdits éléments de contact électrique internes ;  said switch is a mechanically actuated switch; said electrical plug comprising an insulating body from which connection pins adapted to be plugged into the electrical outlet emerge and housing internal electrical contact elements for connecting said connection pins to conductive wires, the part of said electrical circuit comprising the switch and said first and second resistors are embedded in a plastic material with at least a portion of said internal electrical contact elements;
- ledit matériau plastique est surmoulé sur le circuit électrique et les éléments de contact électrique internes ;  said plastic material is overmolded on the electrical circuit and the internal electrical contact elements;
- ledit dispositif de gestion de l'alimentation est programmé pour commander l'intensité maximale du courant électrique prélevé par la fiche électrique sur la prise électrique à laquelle elle est connectée en fonction de la tension mesurée par lesdits moyens de mesure.  said power management device is programmed to control the maximum intensity of the electrical current drawn by the electric plug into the electrical socket to which it is connected as a function of the voltage measured by said measuring means.
L'invention concerne enfin un ensemble électrique comprenant un appareil électrique tel que décrit précédemment, et une prise électrique comprenant des moyens d'identification adaptés à coopérer avec les moyens de lecture de la fiche électrique, lorsque cette fiche électrique est enfichée sur elle, pour générer le signal de contrôle.  Finally, the invention relates to an electrical assembly comprising an electrical apparatus as described above, and an electrical socket comprising identification means adapted to cooperate with the reading means of the electrical plug, when this electrical plug is plugged on it, for generate the control signal.
DESCRIPTION DÉTAILLÉE D'UN EXEMPLE DE RÉALISATION La description qui va suivre en regard des dessins annexés, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, fera bien comprendre en quoi consiste l'invention et comment elle peut être réalisée.  DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENT The following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, given by way of non-limiting examples, will make it clear what the invention consists of and how it can be implemented.
Sur les dessins annexés :  In the accompanying drawings:
- la figure 1 est une vue en perspective éclatée de la fiche électrique selon l'invention et d'un câble d'alimentation associé, - la figure 2 est une vue en perspective éclatée de la fiche électrique selon l'invention et d'un câble d'alimentation associé, dans laquelle le circuit électrique comprenant les moyens de lecture de la fiche est connecté d'un côté au câble d'alimentation et de l'autre aux bornes électriques de la fiche électrique, FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the electrical plug according to the invention and of an associated power cable, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the electrical plug according to the invention and of an associated power supply cable, in which the electrical circuit comprising the means for reading the plug is connected on one side to the cable of FIG. power supply and the other to the electrical terminals of the electrical plug,
- la figure 3 est une vue en perspective de la fiche électrique selon l'invention connectée au câble d'alimentation, dans laquelle le boîtier et le surmoulage interne de la fiche électrique ne sont pas représentés,  FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the electrical plug according to the invention connected to the power cable, in which the casing and the internal overmoulding of the electric plug are not shown,
- les figures 4 à 6 sont des vues en perspective, de face et de profil de la fiche électrique selon l'invention et du câble d'alimentation assemblés, et  FIGS. 4 to 6 are perspective, front and side views of the electrical plug according to the invention and of the assembled power cable, and
- la figure 7 est un schéma électrique d'un ensemble électrique comportant une fiche électrique conforme à l'invention et une prise électrique, ladite fiche électrique étant connectée à un câble d'alimentation d'un appareil électrique.  - Figure 7 is an electrical diagram of an electrical assembly comprising an electrical plug according to the invention and an electrical outlet, said electrical plug being connected to a power cable of an electrical appliance.
La figure 7 montre sous la forme d'un schéma de principe un ensemble électrique 500 selon l'invention.  Figure 7 shows in the form of a block diagram an electrical assembly 500 according to the invention.
Cet ensemble électrique 500 comporte une fiche électrique 200 conforme à l'invention et une prise électrique 400.  This electrical assembly 500 comprises an electrical plug 200 according to the invention and an electrical socket 400.
La fiche électrique 200 est adaptée à être connectée électriquement à un appareil électrique 300 par l'intermédiaire d'un câble d'alimentation 100, comme représenté sur la figure 7.  The electrical plug 200 is adapted to be electrically connected to an electrical apparatus 300 via a power cable 100, as shown in FIG.
Ce câble d'alimentation comprend ici plus précisément une pluralité de fils conducteurs 1 1 1 , 1 12, entourés d'une gaine isolante 1 10.  This supply cable here more specifically comprises a plurality of conducting wires 1 1 1, 1 12, surrounded by an insulating sheath 1 10.
La prise électrique 400, dont les principales caractéristiques sont rappelées plus loin, est décrite en détail dans le document FR2977389 et ne fait pas l'objet en elle-même de l'invention. Elle ne sera donc pas décrite ici dans le détails. Il suffit de préciser qu'elle est munie de moyens d'identification 430 adaptés à communiquer avec la fiche électrique 200 pour lui fournir un signal de contrôle déterminé en fonction du signal électrique délivré par la prise électrique 400.  The electrical outlet 400, whose main features are recalled later, is described in detail in the document FR2977389 and is not the subject of the invention in itself. It will not be described here in detail. It is sufficient to specify that it is provided with identification means 430 adapted to communicate with the electrical plug 200 to provide a control signal determined according to the electrical signal delivered by the electrical outlet 400.
Ce signal de contrôle dépend des caractéristiques intrinsèques de la prise électrique 400, notamment de l'intensité maximale du courant que la prise électrique 400 est adaptée à délivrer sans être endommagée pendant une période prédéterminée, compte tenu des caractéristiques intrinsèques de la prise.  This control signal depends on the intrinsic characteristics of the electrical outlet 400, including the maximum intensity of the current that the electrical outlet 400 is adapted to deliver without being damaged for a predetermined period, taking into account the intrinsic characteristics of the outlet.
Ainsi, cette prise électrique 400 est adaptée à transmettre à la fiche électrique 200 branchée sur elle, un signal de contrôle qui lui indique quelle est l'intensité maximale du courant délivré par ladite prise électrique 400, sans que cette prise électrique 400 soit endommagée. Thus, this electrical outlet 400 is adapted to transmit to the plug electrical 200 connected to it, a control signal that indicates what is the maximum intensity of the current delivered by said electrical outlet 400, without this electrical outlet 400 is damaged.
La fiche électrique 200 est adaptée à communiquer ou à coopérer avec la prise électrique 400 pour recevoir ou générer ce signal de contrôle et à le transmettre à l'appareil électrique branché à la fiche électrique 200.  The electrical plug 200 is adapted to communicate or to cooperate with the electrical outlet 400 to receive or generate this control signal and to transmit it to the electrical apparatus connected to the electrical plug 200.
L'appareil électrique 300 peut alors être programmé pour adapter son fonctionnement en fonction du signal de contrôle transmis par la prise électrique 400.  The electrical apparatus 300 can then be programmed to adapt its operation according to the control signal transmitted by the electrical outlet 400.
De préférence, l'appareil électrique 300 comprend en outre un dispositif de gestion de l'alimentation programmé pour adapter les caractéristiques de charge de l'appareil électrique, par exemple l'intensité maximale du courant prélevé sur la prise électrique et le temps de charge, en fonction dudit signal de contrôle.  Preferably, the electrical apparatus 300 further comprises a power management device programmed to adapt the charging characteristics of the electrical apparatus, for example the maximum intensity of the current taken from the electrical outlet and the charging time. , according to said control signal.
La prise électrique 400 présente plus particulièrement des caractéristiques intrinsèques adaptées au passage d'un courant de 16 Ampères pendant une durée prédéterminée.  The electrical outlet 400 has more particularly intrinsic characteristics adapted to the passage of a current of 16 amps for a predetermined duration.
L'appareil électrique 300 relié à la fiche électrique 200 est par exemple un véhicule automobile électrique.  The electrical apparatus 300 connected to the electrical plug 200 is for example an electric motor vehicle.
II s'agit en particulier d'une prise électrique 400 dédiée à la charge d'accumulateurs d'une batterie d'un véhicule automobile électrique. La prise électrique 400 est alors notamment adaptée à délivrer un courant de charge égal à 14 Ampères pendant au moins la durée de la charge de la batterie électrique de ce véhicule automobile. Cette durée est par exemple supérieure ou égale à quatre heures .  It is in particular an electrical outlet 400 dedicated to the battery charge of a battery of an electric motor vehicle. The electrical outlet 400 is then particularly adapted to deliver a load current equal to 14 Amps for at least the duration of the charging of the electric battery of this motor vehicle. This duration is for example greater than or equal to four hours.
Dans cet exemple, le signal de contrôle indique alors à la fiche électrique 200 branchée sur la prise électrique 400 que cette prise électrique 400 présente de manière certaine les caractéristiques intrinsèques nécessaires pour la charge de la batterie du véhicule automobile 300 avec ce courant de charge de 14 Ampères.  In this example, the control signal then indicates to the electrical plug 200 connected to the electrical outlet 400 that this electrical outlet 400 presents with certainty the intrinsic characteristics necessary for the charge of the battery of the motor vehicle 300 with this charging current of 14 amperes.
En d'autres termes, la fiche électrique 200 communique avec la prise électrique 400 pour transmettre au véhicule automobile 300 électrique un signal de contrôle indiquant la valeur d'intensité maximale du courant que la prise électrique 400 peut délivrer pendant une longue durée, supérieure ou égale à quatre heures sans être endommagée. In other words, the electrical plug 200 communicates with the electrical outlet 400 to transmit to the motor vehicle 300 a control signal indicating the maximum intensity value of the current that the electrical outlet 400 can deliver for a long time, higher or equal to four hours without being damaged.
Le dispositif de gestion de l'alimentation du véhicule automobile 300 électrique peut alors ajuster la valeur de l'intensité de courant que la batterie de ce véhicule peut tirer de la prise électrique pour la charge des accumulateurs de la batterie afin de ne pas dépasser cette valeur de courant maximale.  The power management device of the electric motor vehicle 300 can then adjust the value of the intensity of the current that the battery of this vehicle can pull from the electrical outlet for the charge of the accumulators of the battery so as not to exceed this maximum current value.
Ainsi, lorsque la fiche électrique 200 de la batterie du véhicule automobile 300 électrique transmet un signal de contrôle indiquant que la prise électrique est adaptée à délivrer un courant de 16 Ampères, la charge de la batterie s'effectue dans des conditions optimisées et la batterie du véhicule tire un courant de charge de 14 Ampères pendant la durée habituelle de charge. Cette durée habituelle de charge est par exemple égale à 8 heures pour une batterie initialement vide.  Thus, when the electrical plug 200 of the battery of the motor vehicle 300 electrical transmits a control signal indicating that the power outlet is adapted to deliver a current of 16 amps, the battery charge is carried out under optimized conditions and the battery the vehicle draws a charging current of 14 amps during the usual charging time. This usual duration of charge is for example equal to 8 hours for an initially empty battery.
Si la fiche électrique 200 reliant la batterie du véhicule électrique à la prise électrique transmet un signal de contrôle indiquant que la prise électrique n'est pas adaptée de manière certaine à délivrer un courant de 16 Ampères, la batterie du véhicule tire un courant inférieur à 16 Ampères, par exemple égal à 8 Ampères, pendant une durée supérieure à la durée habituelle de charge, de manière à charger les accumulateurs de la batterie, sans endommager la prise électrique.  If the electrical plug 200 connecting the battery of the electric vehicle to the electrical outlet transmits a control signal indicating that the electrical outlet is not certain to provide a current of 16 amps, the vehicle battery draws a current lower than 16 Amperes, for example equal to 8 amps, for a period longer than the usual charging time, so as to charge the accumulators of the battery, without damaging the electrical outlet.
Le véhicule pourra ainsi optimiser son temps de charge en fonction de la prise électrique sur laquelle il est connecté, sans mettre en danger l'installation.  The vehicle can optimize its charging time depending on the electrical outlet on which it is connected, without endangering the installation.
On a représenté plus particulièrement sur les figures 1 à 6 un exemple de réalisation de la fiche électrique 200.  FIGS. 1 to 6 show more particularly an embodiment of the electrical plug 200.
Cette fiche électrique 200 comporte de manière classique un corps 210 comportant un manchon 21 1 isolant et une partie avant 220 qui ferme ledit manchon 21 1 à l'avant de la fiche électrique 200. Le manchon 21 1 loge les extrémités de deux broches 221 métalliques de connexion électrique qui émergent du corps 210 à travers ladite partie avant 220 suivant des directions parallèles à l'axe longitudinal dudit corps 210.  This electrical plug 200 conventionally comprises a body 210 comprising an insulating sleeve 21 1 and a front portion 220 which closes said sleeve 21 1 at the front of the electrical plug 200. The sleeve 21 1 houses the ends of two metal pins 221 electrical connection which emerges from the body 210 through said front portion 220 in directions parallel to the longitudinal axis of said body 210.
Ce corps 210 est réalisé en matériau isolant, par exemple par moulage d'une matière synthétique, en particulier en plastique.  This body 210 is made of insulating material, for example by molding a synthetic material, in particular plastic.
Ladite partie avant 220 comporte notamment une paroi avant 220A (figures 1 , 2 et 3) à travers laquelle lesdites broches 221 font saillie. Cette paroi avant 220A comporte en outre un logement débouchant à l'avant qui loge une borne 222 adaptée à recevoir éventuellement une broche de terre de la prise électrique 400 insérée dans ledit logement, afin de connecter la fiche électrique 200 à la terre. Said front portion 220 comprises in particular a front wall 220A (Figures 1, 2 and 3) through which said pins 221 project. This front wall 220A further comprises a housing opening at the front which houses a 222 terminal adapted to possibly receive a ground pin of the electrical outlet 400 inserted in said housing, in order to connect the electrical plug 200 to the ground.
Cela est le cas par exemple des prises électriques de standard français, qui comprennent en façade un puits de réception au fond duquel débouche les ouvertures donnant accès aux bornes de la prise électrique et dont fait saillie ladite broche de connexion à la terre.  This is the case, for example, of French standard electrical outlets, which comprise in the front of a receiving well at the bottom of which opens the openings giving access to the terminals of the electrical outlet and from which protrudes said connection pin to the ground.
La fiche électrique 200 représentée sur les figures est également adaptée à être utilisée avec des prises électriques conformes au standard germanique, dans lesquelles il est prévu également un puits de réception de la fiche électrique, au fond duquel débouchent les ouvertures donnant accès aux bornes de la prise électrique, et comportant une lyre de connexion à la terre dont les extrémités diamétralement opposées font saillie de la paroi latérale du puits de réception.  The electrical plug 200 shown in the figures is also adapted to be used with electrical sockets according to the Germanic standard, in which there is also provided a receiving well of the electrical plug, at the bottom of which open the openings giving access to the terminals of the electrical socket, and comprising a ground connection lyre whose diametrically opposite ends protrude from the side wall of the receiving well.
A cet effet, la borne 222 logée dans le logement de la paroi avant 220A isolante de la fiche électrique 200 comprend au moins une aile latérale 223 (voir figure 1 ), qui s'étend à partir de la paroi avant, vers l'arrière de la fiche électrique 200.  For this purpose, the terminal 222 housed in the housing of the insulating front wall 220A of the electrical plug 200 comprises at least one lateral flange 223 (see FIG. 1), which extends from the front wall, towards the rear electrical plug 200.
Cette aile latérale 223 est adaptée à se placer en vis-à-vis d'une fente 215 prévue longitudinalement dans le manchon 21 1 de la fiche électrique 200 (figure 4).  This lateral flange 223 is adapted to be placed vis-à-vis a slot 215 provided longitudinally in the sleeve 21 1 of the electrical plug 200 (Figure 4).
De cette manière, l'aile latérale 223 de la borne 222 électrique est accessible à l'extérieur du corps 210 de la fiche électrique 200, de sorte que l'une des extrémités de la lyre de connexion à la terre de la prise électrique conforme au standard germanique puisse ainsi venir au contact de cette aile latérale 223 lors de l'insertion de la fiche électrique 200 dans la prise électrique correspondante.  In this way, the lateral flange 223 of the electrical terminal 222 is accessible outside the body 210 of the electrical plug 200, so that one end of the grounding terminal of the electrical plug complies with the Germanic standard can thus come into contact with the lateral flange 223 during the insertion of the electrical plug 200 into the corresponding electrical outlet.
Ici, la borne 222 comporte de manière avantageuse deux ailes latérales 223 diamétralement opposées.  Here, the terminal 222 advantageously comprises two diametrically opposite side wings 223.
Chacune des deux broches 221 et la borne 222 de la fiche électrique Each of the two pins 221 and the terminal 222 of the electrical plug
200, accessibles en face avant de cette fiche électrique 200, comporte une partie arrière logée à l'intérieur du manchon 21 1 , qui fait saillie d'une face arrière de la paroi avant 220A dans ce manchon 21 1 (figures 1 à 3). 200, accessible on the front face of this electrical plug 200, comprises a rear portion housed inside the sleeve 21 1, which protrudes from a rear face of the front wall 220A in this sleeve 21 1 (FIGS. 1 to 3) .
Le manchon 21 1 isolant de la fiche électrique 200 loge par ailleurs des éléments de connexion électrique intermédiaires 251 , 252. Ici, il s'agit de lames de connexion électrique 251 , 252 métalliques. The sleeve 21 1 insulating the electrical plug 200 also houses intermediate electrical connection elements 251, 252. Here, it is electrical connection blades 251, 252 metal.
La partie arrière de chacune des deux broches 221 et de la borne 222 est connectée électriquement à une extrémité de l'une de ces lames de connexion électrique 251 , 252. L'autre extrémité de cette lame de connexion 251 , 252 est adaptée à être connectée à l'un des fils conducteurs 1 1 1 issus du câble d'alimentation 100.  The rear part of each of the two pins 221 and the terminal 222 is electrically connected to one end of one of these electrical connection blades 251, 252. The other end of this connecting blade 251, 252 is adapted to be connected to one of the leads 1 1 1 from the power cable 100.
Chacune des lames de connexion électrique 251 , 252 peut être sertie ou soudée sur la partie arrière de la broche 221 ou de la borne 222 correspondante, ou venir d'une seule pièce avec cette broche ou cette borne. Elle peut être de même sertie ou soudée aux fils conducteurs 1 1 1 du câble d'alimentation 100.  Each of the electrical connection blades 251, 252 may be crimped or welded on the rear portion of the pin 221 or the corresponding terminal 222, or come in one piece with this pin or this terminal. It can be likewise crimped or welded to the conductors 1 1 1 of the power cable 100.
Le manchon 21 1 du corps 210 de la fiche électrique 200 est prolongé à l'arrière par un tube arrière 240 à travers lequel passe le câble d'alimentation 100 reliant la fiche électrique 200 à l'appareil électrique 300 (figures 1 , 2, 4, 5 et 6).  The sleeve 21 1 of the body 210 of the electrical plug 200 is extended at the rear by a rear tube 240 through which the supply cable 100 connecting the electrical plug 200 to the electrical apparatus 300 (FIGS. 4, 5 and 6).
L'autre extrémité de chaque fil conducteur 1 1 1 du câble d'alimentation The other end of each conductor wire 1 1 1 of the power cable
100 est connectée à une borne correspondante de l'appareil électrique 300. Plus précisément ici, l'autre extrémité de chaque fil conducteur 1 1 1 du câble d'alimentation 100 est connectée au dispositif de gestion de l'alimentation de batterie du véhicule automobile qui constitue ici l'appareil électrique 300. 100 is connected to a corresponding terminal of the electrical apparatus 300. More precisely here, the other end of each conductor wire 1 1 1 of the power cable 100 is connected to the battery power management device of the motor vehicle which constitutes here the electrical apparatus 300.
La fiche électrique 200 comporte ici des moyens de lecture 230 adaptés à coopérer avec les moyens d'identification 430 de la prise électrique 400 de manière à transmettre ledit signal de contrôle audit appareil électrique 300 (voir figures 1 à 3 et 7).  The electrical plug 200 here comprises reading means 230 adapted to cooperate with the identification means 430 of the electrical outlet 400 so as to transmit said control signal to said electrical apparatus 300 (see Figures 1 to 3 and 7).
Lesdits moyens de lecture 230 comprennent un circuit électrique secondaire muni d'un interrupteur 232, de telle sorte que ledit signal de contrôle est déterminé en fonction de l'état ouvert ou fermé de l'interrupteur 232.  Said reading means 230 comprise a secondary electrical circuit provided with a switch 232, such that said control signal is determined as a function of the open or closed state of the switch 232.
On entend ici par circuit électrique secondaire un circuit électrique de la fiche électrique 200 distinct du circuit électrique principal reliant les broches 221 de la fiche électrique 200 à l'appareil électrique 300 correspondant.  The term "secondary electrical circuit" here means an electrical circuit of the electrical plug 200 separate from the main electrical circuit connecting the pins 221 of the electric plug 200 to the corresponding electrical appliance 300.
Le circuit électrique secondaire peut être connecté à l'appareil électrique The secondary electrical circuit can be connected to the electrical appliance
300, ou connecté d'un côté de l'interrupteur 232 à l'appareil électrique 300 et de l'autre à la borne 222 de terre de la fiche électrique 200. 300, or connected on one side of the switch 232 to the electrical apparatus 300 and on the other to the earth terminal 222 of the electrical plug 200.
Ici, le circuit électrique secondaire est connecté à la borne 222 de terre et à un fil conducteur 1 12 issu du câble d'alimentation 100 jusqu'à l'appareil électrique 300 (voir notamment figure 7). Here, the secondary electrical circuit is connected to the ground terminal 222 and a lead wire 1 12 from the power cable 100 to the device 300 electrical (see in particular Figure 7).
De manière remarquable, le circuit secondaire de ladite fiche électrique 200 comporte en outre au moins une première résistance 233 connectée audit circuit électrique secondaire en parallèle dudit interrupteur 232 et une deuxième résistance 231 connectée audit circuit électrique secondaire en série avec ledit interrupteur 232 (voir figures 1 à 3 et 7).  Remarkably, the secondary circuit of said electrical plug 200 further comprises at least one first resistor 233 connected to said secondary electrical circuit in parallel with said switch 232 and a second resistor 231 connected to said secondary electrical circuit in series with said switch 232 (see FIGS. 1 to 3 and 7).
Le signal de contrôle consistera ici en la valeur de la tension mesurée entre deux points du circuit électrique secondaire, correspondants aux bornes de l'ensemble des première et deuxième résistances ainsi que de l'interrupteur.  The control signal here consists in the value of the voltage measured between two points of the secondary electrical circuit, corresponding across the set of first and second resistors and the switch.
Dans l'exemple représenté sur les figures, le circuit électrique secondaire comprend la deuxième résistance 231 disposée en série avec un groupe électrique formé par l'interrupteur 232 et la première résistance 233 en parallèle.  In the example shown in the figures, the secondary electric circuit comprises the second resistor 231 arranged in series with an electrical group formed by the switch 232 and the first resistor 233 in parallel.
Le circuit électrique secondaire comprend alors successivement, un fil électrique connecté à la borne de terre, la deuxième résistance 231 et le groupe électrique comprenant l'interrupteur 232 et la première résistance 233 connectés en parallèle l'un de l'autre.  The secondary electrical circuit then comprises successively, an electrical wire connected to the earth terminal, the second resistor 231 and the electrical group comprising the switch 232 and the first resistor 233 connected in parallel with each other.
En pratique, le circuit électrique secondaire comprend alors trois sertissages : un premier sertissage connectant le fil conducteur 1 12 du câble d'alimentation 100, une borne de la première résistance 233 et une borne de l'interrupteur 232, un deuxième sertissage connectant l'autre borne de la première résistance 233, l'autre borne de l'interrupteur 232 et une borne de la deuxième résistance 231 , et un troisième sertissage connectant l'autre borne de la deuxième résistance 231 , l'élément de connexion 252 relié à la borne de terre, et le fil conducteur 1 1 1 du câble électrique relié à cet élément de connexion 252.  In practice, the secondary electrical circuit then comprises three crimps: a first crimping connecting the conductor wire 1 12 of the power cable 100, a terminal of the first resistor 233 and a terminal of the switch 232, a second crimping connecting the another terminal of the first resistor 233, the other terminal of the switch 232 and a terminal of the second resistor 231, and a third crimp connecting the other terminal of the second resistor 231, the connection element 252 connected to the second resistor 231; earth terminal, and the conductor wire 1 1 1 of the electric cable connected to this connection element 252.
Le dispositif de gestion de l'alimentation de la batterie du véhicule automobile 300 comprend ici une troisième résistance 310 disposée sur le trajet du fil conducteur 1 12 qui alimente le circuit électrique secondaire de la fiche électrique 200, à l'intérieur de l'appareil électrique 300. Cette troisième résistance 310 est donc disposée en série avec le groupe électrique comprenant l'interrupteur et la première résistance.  The device for managing the power supply of the battery of the motor vehicle 300 here comprises a third resistor 310 disposed on the path of the conducting wire 1 12 which supplies the secondary electric circuit of the electric plug 200 inside the apparatus This third resistor 310 is therefore arranged in series with the electrical group comprising the switch and the first resistor.
Ce dispositif de gestion de l'alimentation comporte en outre un dispositif de mesure de tension 320 qui mesure la tension entre le fil conducteur 1 1 1 connecté à la borne de terre et un point du fil conducteur 1 12 situé entre la troisième résistance 310 et la portion de circuit électrique comprenant les première 233 et deuxième 231 résistances ainsi que l'interrupteur 232. This power management device further comprises a voltage measuring device 320 which measures the voltage between the conductor wire 1 1 1 connected to the ground terminal and a point of the conductor wire 1 12 located between the third resistor 310 and the portion of the electrical circuit comprising the first 233 and second 231 resistors and the switch 232.
Le signal de contrôle transmis par la fiche électrique 200 consiste alors en la valeur de la tension mesurée par ledit dispositif de mesure de tension 320, ce qui permet de distinguer une situation de dysfonctionnement du type court- circuit d'une situation de fonctionnement normal.  The control signal transmitted by the electrical plug 200 then consists of the value of the voltage measured by said voltage measuring device 320, which makes it possible to distinguish a malfunction situation of the short-circuit type from a normal operating situation.
Avantageusement, ledit dispositif de gestion de l'alimentation est alors programmé pour commander l'intensité maximale du courant électrique prélevé par la fiche électrique 200 sur la prise électrique 400 à laquelle elle est connectée en fonction de la tension mesurée par lesdits moyens de mesure de tension 320.  Advantageously, said power management device is then programmed to control the maximum intensity of the electric current taken by the electric plug 200 on the electrical outlet 400 to which it is connected as a function of the voltage measured by the said measurement means. voltage 320.
Plus précisément, un exemple des valeurs de résistance et de tension utilisées est le suivant.  More specifically, an example of the resistance and voltage values used is as follows.
La première résistance 233 est une résistance de 16 kiloOhms, la deuxième résistance 231 est une résistance de 10 kiloOhms, et la troisième résistance 310 est une résistance de 10 kiloOhms. Le fil conducteur 1 12 alimente le circuit électrique secondaire avec une tension égale à 4,096 Volts.  The first resistor 233 is a resistance of 16 kiloOhm, the second resistor 231 is a resistance of 10 kiloOhm, and the third resistor 310 is a resistor of 10 kiloOhm. The conducting wire 1 12 feeds the secondary electrical circuit with a voltage equal to 4.096 volts.
Lorsque l'interrupteur 232 est fermé, le courant ne circule pas à travers la première résistance 233 et la résistance globale du circuit électrique secondaire est égale à la deuxième résistance 231 .  When the switch 232 is closed, the current does not flow through the first resistor 233 and the overall resistance of the secondary electrical circuit is equal to the second resistor 231.
La tension mesurée par le dispositif de mesure de tension 320 est égale à environ 2 Volts, ici plus précisément égale à 2,048 Volts.  The voltage measured by the voltage measuring device 320 is equal to about 2 volts, here more precisely equal to 2.048 volts.
Lorsque l'interrupteur 232 est ouvert, le courant électrique circule à travers les deux résistances 231 , 233 : la résistance globale du circuit électrique secondaire est égale à la somme des première et deuxième résistances.  When the switch 232 is open, the electric current flows through the two resistors 231, 233: the overall resistance of the secondary electrical circuit is equal to the sum of the first and second resistors.
La tension mesurée par le dispositif de mesure de tension 320 est égale à environ 3 Volts, ici plus précisément égale à 2,958 Volts.  The voltage measured by the voltage measuring device 320 is equal to about 3 volts, here more precisely equal to 2.958 volts.
En cas de court-circuit entre le fil conducteur 1 12 et le fil conducteur 1 1 1 relié à la borne de terre 222, la tension mesurée par le dispositif de mesure de tension 320 est égale à 0 Volts.  In the event of a short-circuit between the conducting wire 1 12 and the conducting wire 1 1 1 connected to the earth terminal 222, the voltage measured by the voltage measuring device 320 is equal to 0 volts.
En revanche, si le fil conducteur 1 12 est sectionné entre la troisième résistance 310 et la portion de circuit électrique comprenant les première 233 et deuxième 231 résistances ainsi que l'interrupteur 232, la tension mesurée par le dispositif de mesure de tension 320 est égale à 4,096 Volts.  On the other hand, if the conducting wire 1 12 is cut between the third resistor 310 and the electrical circuit portion comprising the first 233 and second resistors 231 and the switch 232, the voltage measured by the voltage measuring device 320 is equal. at 4,096 volts.
Ainsi, le passage d'un courant dans ce circuit électrique secondaire permet de transmettre à l'appareil électrique 300 relié à la fiche électrique 200 le signal de contrôle déterminé en fonction du signal électrique délivré par la prise électrique 400 sur laquelle il est branché, qui indique, d'une part, si la prise électrique est adaptée de manière certaine à délivrer un signal électrique d'intensité maximale égale à 16 Ampères, et, d'autre part, si la fiche électrique fonctionne normalement ou si un court-circuit ou une coupure du circuit électrique secondaire a lieu. Thus, the passage of a current in this secondary electrical circuit makes it possible to transmit to the electrical apparatus 300 connected to the electrical plug 200 the control signal determined according to the electrical signal delivered by the electrical outlet 400 to which it is connected, which indicates, on the one hand, whether the electrical socket is certain to deliver an electrical signal of maximum intensity equal to 16 Amperes, and, on the other hand, whether the electrical plug is operating normally or whether a short circuit or a break in the secondary electrical circuit is taking place.
Ceci permet notamment de détecter un court-circuit intentionnel du circuit électrique secondaire, réalisé en coupant le câble d'alimentation ou en démontant la fiche électrique 200.  This allows in particular to detect an intentional short circuit of the secondary electrical circuit, made by cutting the power cable or by removing the electrical plug 200.
Afin de renforcer la sécurité de cette fiche électrique 200, celle-ci est rendue inviolable en noyant la partie dudit circuit électrique secondaire comportant l'interrupteur 232 et lesdites première 233 et deuxième 231 résistances dans un matériau plastique 260 avec au moins une partie desdits éléments de contact électrique internes (figures 1 et 2).  In order to reinforce the security of this electrical plug 200, it is rendered tamperproof by embedding the portion of said secondary electrical circuit comprising the switch 232 and said first 233 and second 231 resistors in a plastic material 260 with at least a part of said elements. electrical contact points (Figures 1 and 2).
De préférence, ledit matériau plastique est surmoulé sur le circuit électrique et les éléments de contact électrique internes 251 , 252.  Preferably, said plastic material is overmolded on the electrical circuit and the internal electrical contact elements 251, 252.
De préférence encore, ce matériau plastique rempli entièrement le manchon 21 1 du corps 210 de la fiche électrique 200.  More preferably, this plastic material completely fills the sleeve 21 1 of the body 210 of the electrical plug 200.
Sur les figures 1 et 2, le matériau plastique 260 surmoulé est représenté séparément des autres éléments internes de la fiche électrique, de manière à permettre une visualisation facile des différents composants de la fiche électrique In FIGS. 1 and 2, the overmolded plastics material 260 is shown separately from the other internal elements of the electrical plug, so as to allow easy visualization of the various components of the electrical plug.
200. 200.
Cependant, en pratique, une fois surmoulé sur le circuit électrique secondaire et les différents éléments internes de la fiche électrique, il est impossible de dissocier ce matériau plastique de ces éléments. Ceux-ci sont donc protégés à l'intérieur du matériau plastique.  However, in practice, once overmolded on the secondary electrical circuit and the various internal elements of the electrical plug, it is impossible to dissociate this plastic material from these elements. These are therefore protected inside the plastic material.
L'interrupteur 232 est ici de préférence un interrupteur à lames souples, à actionnement magnétique.  The switch 232 is here preferably a switch with flexible blades, with magnetic actuation.
L'interrupteur à lames souples 232 comprend deux lames de contact qui sont écartées en l'absence d'un champ magnétique et qui viennent au contact l'une de l'autre en présence d'un champ magnétique de sens quelconque. Ces deux lames sont disposées dans un tube de verre rempli d'un gaz inerte les protégeant contre l'oxydation.  The reed switch 232 comprises two contact blades which are spaced in the absence of a magnetic field and which come into contact with each other in the presence of a magnetic field of any direction. These two blades are arranged in a glass tube filled with an inert gas protecting them against oxidation.
Le pouvoir de coupure de cet interrupteur à lames souples 232 correspond au courant maximal pouvant le traverser sans endommager les lames souples et est compris entre 1 milliampère et 4 Ampères. Le temps d'enclenchement de cet interrupteur à lames souples 232, correspondant au temps mis par les lames pour venir au contact l'une de l'autre en présence d'un champ magnétique, est d'environ 0,5 milliseconde. The breaking capacity of this soft-leaf switch 232 is the maximum current that can pass through without damaging the blades and is between 1 milliamperes and 4 amperes. The switching time of this reed switch 232, corresponding to the time taken by the blades to come into contact with each other in the presence of a magnetic field, is about 0.5 millisecond.
Ici l'interrupteur à lames souples 232 se présente sous la forme d'un boîtier cylindrique (figures 1 à 3). Il est partiellement logé dans un logement 225 se présentant sous la forme d'un orifice cylindrique ménagé dans la partie avant 220 du corps 210 de la fiche électrique 200 et qui s'ouvre vers l'intérieur de ce manchon 21 1 .  Here the reed switch 232 is in the form of a cylindrical housing (Figures 1 to 3). It is partially housed in a housing 225 in the form of a cylindrical orifice formed in the front portion 220 of the body 210 of the electrical plug 200 and which opens towards the inside of this sleeve 21 1.
Cet orifice cylindrique s'étend longitudinalement, selon une direction parallèle à l'axe longitudinal du corps 210.  This cylindrical orifice extends longitudinally in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the body 210.
L'extrémité libre de l'interrupteur à lames souples 232 se trouve ainsi très proche de la paroi avant de la partie avant 220 de la fiche électrique 200.  The free end of the reed switch 232 is thus very close to the front wall of the front portion 220 of the electrical plug 200.
Lorsque la fiche électrique 200 est insérée dans la prise électrique 400, la face avant de la partie avant 220 de la fiche électrique 200 est plaquée contre le fond du puits de réception de la prise électrique 400, et ainsi l'interrupteur à lames souples 232 est positionné à proximité d'un aimant 430 formant les moyens d'identification de la prise électrique 400 (figure 7).  When the electrical plug 200 is inserted into the electrical outlet 400, the front face of the front portion 220 of the electrical plug 200 is pressed against the bottom of the receiving well of the electrical outlet 400, and thus the reed switch 232 is positioned near a magnet 430 forming the identification means of the electrical outlet 400 (Figure 7).
L'interrupteur à lames souples 232 est alors plongé dans le champ magnétique produit par l'aimant 430 de la prise électrique 400 et passe de sa position ouverte, dans laquelle les lames souples sont écartées, à une position fermée dans laquelle les lames souples sont en contact, ce qui autorise la circulation d'un courant électrique dans le circuit électrique secondaire de la fiche électrique 200.  The reed switch 232 is then immersed in the magnetic field produced by the magnet 430 of the electrical outlet 400 and moves from its open position, in which the flexible blades are spaced apart, to a closed position in which the flexible blades are in contact, which allows the circulation of an electric current in the secondary electrical circuit of the electrical plug 200.
En variante, l'interrupteur à lames souples peut être disposé de manière différente dans la fiche électrique, toujours à proximité de la face avant de la partie avant de la fiche électrique.  Alternatively, the reed switch may be arranged differently in the electrical plug, always close to the front face of the front part of the electrical plug.
En variante, l'interrupteur est un interrupteur à actionnement mécanique. Les moyens d'identification de la prise électrique comportent alors soit un élément de contact électrique adapté à venir fermé le circuit électrique secondaire de la fiche électrique en établissant le contact entre les deux bornes de l'interrupteur de ce circuit secondaire qui sont accessibles sur la face avant de la partie avant de la fiche électrique, soit un élément d'actionnement mécanique, tel un plot, adapté à pénétrer dans la fiche électrique par une ouverture pour actionner ledit interrupteur lorsque la fiche est enfichée sur la prise électrique correspondante. In a variant, the switch is a mechanically actuated switch. The identification means of the electrical outlet then comprise either an electrical contact element adapted to close the secondary electric circuit of the electrical plug by making contact between the two terminals of the switch of this secondary circuit which are accessible on the front face of the front part of the electrical plug, ie a mechanical actuating element, such a stud, adapted to penetrate into the electrical plug through an opening for actuating said switch when the plug is plugged into the corresponding electrical outlet.
Grâce à l'invention, le signal transmis par la fiche électrique est différent selon que la fiche électrique fonctionne correctement ou qu'un court-circuit ou une coupure du circuit se produit.  Thanks to the invention, the signal transmitted by the electrical plug is different depending on whether the electrical plug is working properly or that a short circuit or a circuit break occurs.
En conséquence, il est possible de programmer l'appareil électrique 300 pour qu'il adapte sa réponse en fonction d'un éventuel dysfonctionnement de la fiche électrique.  Accordingly, it is possible to program the electrical device 300 to adapt its response according to a possible malfunction of the electrical plug.
Dans le cas du véhicule automobile, celui-ci sera programmé pour effectuer le même cycle de charge lorsque le signal de contrôle indique un dysfonctionnement ou lorsqu'il indique que la prise électrique n'est pas adaptée de manière certaine à délivrer un courant de 16 Ampères.  In the case of the motor vehicle, it will be programmed to perform the same load cycle when the control signal indicates a malfunction or when it indicates that the electrical outlet is not certain to deliver a current of 16 amps.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Appareil électrique (300) comprenant, pour son alimentation électrique, un câble d'alimentation (100) électrique munie à son extrémité libre d'une fiche électrique (200) adaptée à être enfichée dans une prise électrique (400), ladite fiche électrique (200) comportant des moyens de lecture (230) adaptés à coopérer avec des moyens d'identification (430) de la prise électrique (400) de manière à transmettre un signal de contrôle audit appareil électrique (300), lesdits moyens de lecture (230) comprenant un circuit électrique muni d'un interrupteur (232) de telle sorte que ledit signal de contrôle est déterminé en fonction de l'état ouvert ou fermé de l'interrupteur (232), caractérisé en ce que ladite fiche électrique (200) comporte en outre au moins une première résistance (233) connectée audit circuit électrique en parallèle dudit interrupteur (232) et une deuxième résistance (231 ) connectée audit circuit électrique en série avec ledit interrupteur (232), ledit appareil électrique comprenant en outre un dispositif de gestion de l'alimentation comprenant une troisième résistance (310) disposée en série avec le groupe électrique comprenant l'interrupteur (232) et la première résistance (233), ainsi que des moyens de mesure (320) de la tension appliquée entre la borne de terre (222) de la fiche électrique (200) et le nœud du circuit électrique situé entre ce groupe électrique et la troisième résistance (310). 1. Electrical apparatus (300) comprising, for its power supply, an electric power cable (100) provided at its free end with an electrical plug (200) adapted to be plugged into an electrical socket (400), said electrical plug ( 200) comprising reading means (230) adapted to cooperate with identification means (430) of the electrical socket (400) so as to transmit a control signal to said electrical apparatus (300), said reading means (230) ) comprising an electrical circuit provided with a switch (232) such that said control signal is determined according to the open or closed state of the switch (232), characterized in that said electrical plug (200) further comprises at least a first resistor (233) connected to said electrical circuit in parallel with said switch (232) and a second resistor (231) connected to said electrical circuit in series with said interrupte ur (232), said electrical apparatus further comprising a power control device comprising a third resistor (310) arranged in series with the electrical group comprising the switch (232) and the first resistor (233), as well as means (320) for measuring the voltage applied between the earth terminal (222) of the electrical plug (200) and the electrical circuit node located between this electrical group and the third resistor (310).
2. Appareil électrique (300) selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel ledit circuit électrique est connecté à une borne de terre (222) de la fiche électrique (200), destinée à recevoir le contact électrique de terre de la prise électrique (400).  An electrical apparatus (300) according to claim 1, wherein said electrical circuit is connected to a ground terminal (222) of the electrical plug (200) for receiving the electrical ground contact of the electrical outlet (400). .
3. Appareil électrique (300) selon la revendication 2, dans lequel ledit circuit électrique comprend successivement, un fil électrique connecté à la borne de terre (222), la deuxième résistance (231 ) et un groupe électrique comprenant l'interrupteur (232) et la première résistance (233) connectés en parallèle l'un de l'autre.  An electrical apparatus (300) according to claim 2, wherein said electrical circuit comprises successively, an electrical wire connected to the ground terminal (222), the second resistor (231) and an electrical group comprising the switch (232). and the first resistor (233) connected in parallel with each other.
4. Appareil électrique (300) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ledit interrupteur (232) est un interrupteur à lames souples à actionnement magnétique.  The electrical apparatus (300) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said switch (232) is a magnetically actuated soft-blade switch.
5. Appareil électrique (300) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ledit interrupteur est un interrupteur à actionnement mécanique. 5. Electrical apparatus (300) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said switch is a mechanically actuated switch.
6. Appareil électrique (300) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel, ladite fiche électrique (200) comportant un corps (210) isolant dont émergent des broches de connexion (221 ) adaptées à être enfichées dans la prise électrique (400) et logeant des éléments de contact électrique internes (251 , 252) pour le raccord desdites broches de connexion (221 ) à des fils conducteurs (1 1 1 ), la partie dudit circuit électrique comportant l'interrupteur (232) et lesdites première (233) et deuxième (231 ) résistances est noyée dans un matériau plastique (260) avec au moins une partie desdits éléments de contact électrique internes (251 , 252). 6. Electrical apparatus (300) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein, said electrical plug (200) having a body (210) insulating which emerge connection pins (221) adapted to be plugged into the electrical outlet (400). ) and housing internal electrical contact elements (251, 252) for connecting said connection pins (221) to lead wires (1 1 1), the portion of said electrical circuit having the switch (232) and said first ones ( 233) and second (231) resistors is embedded in a plastic material (260) with at least a portion of said internal electrical contact elements (251, 252).
7. Appareil électrique (300) selon la revendication 6, dans lequel ledit matériau plastique (260) est surmoulé sur le circuit électrique et les éléments de contact électrique internes.  The electrical apparatus (300) of claim 6, wherein said plastics material (260) is molded onto the electrical circuit and the internal electrical contact elements.
8. Appareil électrique selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ledit dispositif de gestion de l'alimentation est programmé pour commander l'intensité maximale du courant électrique prélevé par la fiche électrique (200) sur la prise électrique à laquelle elle est connectée, en fonction de la tension mesurée par lesdits moyens de mesure (320).  Electrical apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said power management device is programmed to control the maximum intensity of electric current drawn by the power plug (200) to the electrical outlet to which it is connected. as a function of the voltage measured by said measuring means (320).
9. Ensemble électrique (500) comprenant un appareil électrique (300) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, et une prise électrique (400) comprenant des moyens d'identification (430) adaptés à coopérer avec les moyens de lecture (230) de la fiche électrique (200), lorsque cette fiche électrique (200) est enfichée sur elle, pour générer le signal de contrôle.  9. Electrical assembly (500) comprising an electrical apparatus (300) according to one of the preceding claims, and an electrical socket (400) comprising identification means (430) adapted to cooperate with the reading means (230) of the electrical plug (200), when this electrical plug (200) is plugged into it, to generate the control signal.
PCT/FR2014/051634 2013-07-22 2014-06-26 Electrical apparatus comprising an electric plug with tamper-proof reading means and electrical assembly comprising such an apparatus WO2015011355A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

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DE112014003362.6T DE112014003362T5 (en) 2013-07-22 2014-06-26 Electric appliance comprising an electric plug with inviolable reading means, and electrical system with such a device
JP2016528567A JP6291047B2 (en) 2013-07-22 2014-06-26 Appliances and assemblies

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR1357208A FR3008834B1 (en) 2013-07-22 2013-07-22 ELECTRICAL FILE HAVING INVIOLABLE READING MEANS, ELECTRICAL APPARATUS AND ELECTRICAL ASSEMBLY COMPRISING SUCH A SHEET
FR1357208 2013-07-22

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WO2015011355A8 WO2015011355A8 (en) 2015-03-19

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DE (1) DE112014003362T5 (en)
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JP2016525272A (en) 2016-08-22
WO2015011355A8 (en) 2015-03-19
JP6291047B2 (en) 2018-03-14
FR3008834A1 (en) 2015-01-23
DE112014003362T5 (en) 2016-04-14
FR3008834B1 (en) 2016-10-21

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