EP1259828A2 - Electric test connector, equipment and system using same - Google Patents

Electric test connector, equipment and system using same

Info

Publication number
EP1259828A2
EP1259828A2 EP01903858A EP01903858A EP1259828A2 EP 1259828 A2 EP1259828 A2 EP 1259828A2 EP 01903858 A EP01903858 A EP 01903858A EP 01903858 A EP01903858 A EP 01903858A EP 1259828 A2 EP1259828 A2 EP 1259828A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
test
contact
electrical
contact tip
socket
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01903858A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Serge Besnard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Augeard Anne
Besnard Pascal
Besnard Serge
BESNARD, VERONIQUE
Coutier Isabelle
Original Assignee
AUGEARD ANNE
Besnard Pascal
Besnard Veronique
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AUGEARD ANNE, Besnard Pascal, Besnard Veronique filed Critical AUGEARD ANNE
Publication of EP1259828A2 publication Critical patent/EP1259828A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
    • G01R1/02—General constructional details
    • G01R1/06—Measuring leads; Measuring probes
    • G01R1/067—Measuring probes
    • G01R1/06788—Hand-held or hand-manipulated probes, e.g. for oscilloscopes or for portable test instruments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/66—Testing of connections, e.g. of plugs or non-disconnectable joints
    • G01R31/68—Testing of releasable connections, e.g. of terminals mounted on a printed circuit board
    • G01R31/69—Testing of releasable connections, e.g. of terminals mounted on a printed circuit board of terminals at the end of a cable or a wire harness; of plugs; of sockets, e.g. wall sockets or power sockets in appliances
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R2201/00—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications
    • H01R2201/20—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications for testing or measuring purposes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical test socket. It also relates to an apparatus and a system implementing such an outlet.
  • Electrical test equipment is used for control and maintenance operations of any electrical, industrial, private or public installation, wherever said installation includes various electrical junction points provided by connection terminals which allow a test socket.
  • test sockets consist of contact tips held pressed in contact with the screws or any other metallic test point for connection terminals, in contact with the electrical conductors and accessible without disassembly, generally for perform the electrical verification and measurement operations (voltage, current measurement, detection of open or closed contact, impedance measurement, etc.), which characterize the electrical installations and their operating state.
  • connection terminals on which the tests are carried out momentarily may be in particular connection bars (of the “domino” type), or terminal blocks (or connection blocks or any electrical device from which a point of the circuit is accessible); these blocks are generally mounted by simple snap-fastening on rails or fixing profiles.
  • connection terminals are of variable shape and size according to their origin and manufacture and according to the nature of the installation circuit.
  • This circuit can be a power circuit which distributes the mains voltage to the various pieces of equipment in the installation. It can be a so-called low current circuit intended to convey the command, measurement, control signals, etc. necessary for the operation of the installation.
  • test sockets provided with automatic holding means of the clamp type.
  • the mechanical means used are complex and costly (production of a mold, assembly operations, etc.).
  • no test taking of this type has been developed commercially.
  • the document FR 1 600 124 describes a device for the connection and fixing of electrical conductors consisting in bringing two magnetic masses of opposite poles into contact, said masses being coated with a layer of electrically conductive material and wires of connection being connected to said masses.
  • the object of the present invention is in particular to propose an automatic maintenance solution which is simple to implement and therefore inexpensive.
  • test or measurement is only part of the verification (or diagnostic, control or measurement) operation and needs to be correlated with one or more events caused or likely to occur at another point in the installation, the operator must be in constant contact with a second operator who causes or observes the said event or events.
  • operators are then able to analyze the relationship (reaction to the event, coincidence, delay, etc.) between event and change of electrical state on the terminals to conclude their verification , diagnosis or control.
  • a first operator holds the contact tips pressed on the screws of two terminals of a connection cabinet of an electrical installation and constantly monitors the dial of his multimeter (or any other measuring device) while waiting the appearance of the expected signal, while a second operator forces the actuation of an actuator (or monitors the indicator light of a detector, or the initiation of a conveyor belt, or the passage of a vehicle, or energizes part of an installation).
  • the two operators are then either in direct view or within earshot to exchange their observations or actions, or if they are neither in direct view nor, able to speak easily, equipped with phonic transmitters / receivers necessary for their immediate exchanges (in real time) and the confrontation of their findings.
  • the present invention also aims to simplify this type of control operations. It offers a test socket for the connection terminal of an electrical installation comprising:
  • At least one contact tip intended to come into contact with a test point of said terminal in contact with the electrical conductors of said electrical installation, said contact tip being adapted to pick up an electrical signal;
  • the socket is characterized in that the contact tip is made of soft magnetic metallic material, the automatic holding means comprising a permanent magnet cooperating with said contact tip.
  • the permanent magnet cooperates by any of its magnetic poles with the contact tip which is made of soft magnetic material, capable of channeling the magnetic flux of the magnet, in which the magnetic field circulates practically without resistance and transmits the magnet attracting force on any piece of ferrous material such as said test point.
  • an existing part of the circuit is used which is not polarized and the holding force is provided by a permanent magnet.
  • a permanent magnet There are in particular permanent rare earth magnets whose “strength / volume / weight” ratio is very favorable for carrying out a small volume test taking and easy to implement (they can be roughly molded with the other constituents of the plug in an insulating synthetic material to form the body of the plug).
  • the contact is established between a contact tip and an existing part of any circuit of an installation, without having to modify the terminations. Furthermore, as we have seen the polarity of the magnetic circuit is indifferent, this being brought into contact with an existing part of the circuit which is not magnetically polarized. Furthermore, the test socket according to the invention may only support a low current such as those necessary for voltage measurements, continuity detection, etc. According to the invention, moreover, provision should be made for the contact between the contact tip and the screw head to be only punctual since very often the clamping screws have generally undergone multiple mechanical interventions and consequently have roughness.
  • the present invention therefore provides a simple and inexpensive solution.
  • test socket can be unipolar intended for one terminal, bipolar intended for two juxtaposed or superimposed terminals or multipolar adapted to a greater number of juxtaposed or superimposed connection terminals.
  • the operator also advantageously does not need any tool to install and remove the test socket and does not need to cut, even momentarily, the monitored electrical circuit.
  • means for preprocessing the signal picked up by the tip (s) of the test socket will be provided in the body of the socket before transporting it to the detection means and / or measurement, thus protecting the signal against the risk of being disturbed by the electromagnetic environment which may prevail in the cabinets the most sensitive signals.
  • the box is further provided with transmitter means capable of automatically transmitting to receiver means data representative of the signal received, data representative of the test carried out which may be an electrical measurement value, in which case the apparatus may also include measurement means, crossing of a pre-established lower or upper threshold (voltage amplitude, frequency threshold, etc.), a detection value for closing or opening a monitored electrical circuit, etc. .
  • the apparatus may include several test sockets, for example to adapt to the case where the two connection terminals of an electrical circuit to be tested are not juxtaposed.
  • the present invention also provides a system comprising on the one hand an apparatus as defined above and, on the other hand, a housing provided with receiving means.
  • the representative data transmitted may be translated on the housing by a visual signal, an audible signal, a display of data, or an oral message by speech synthesis which has the advantage of releasing the operator from the obligation to monitor a screen or dial.
  • the system may further include means for processing this data, for example analysis means, display means, storage or comparison with prerecorded data.
  • the test apparatus comprises removable means for connecting the socket, for example by plugging in. This advantageously makes it possible to use the same switchgear box with different models of test portion.
  • the apparatus can also include several connection points to allow simultaneous connection, possibly removable, for several test sockets thus making it possible to carry out the simultaneous test of several electrical circuits whose results are likely to be correlated with one or more events.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of a socket according to the invention, of the unipolar type with double contact tips and characterized by a magnetic flux in closed circuit, and a connection terminal to which it is intended;
  • FIG. 2 is a side view along arrow II of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of a socket according to the invention characterized by a magnetic flux in open circuit and a connector type "domino" for which it is intended;
  • FIG. 4 schematically illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a system implementing a test apparatus according to the invention, comprising a test socket according to the invention, this socket being an alternative embodiment of the socket in FIGS. 1 and 2, provided with a single contact tip and removable connection means to said test apparatus;
  • - Figure 5 schematically illustrates an application of the system of Figure 4 to an industrial electrical installation;
  • FIG. 6 is an elevational view showing an alternative embodiment of the body of the socket for installing offset of several of these sockets on juxtaposed connection terminals;
  • FIG. 7 is a top view showing another alternative embodiment of the body of the socket also making it possible to install several of these sockets on juxtaposed connection terminals.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 is shown a single-pole test socket 1 intended to be mounted on a connection terminal 2 installed on a fixing profile 3.
  • connection terminal 2 is of the known type comprising two conductors 4a, 4b, each connected to using a fixing screw 5a, 5b, the head 6a, 6b of which is accessible via a conduit 7a, 7b, opening out to the outside of the terminal. Electrical continuity between the screws 5a, 5b is ensured by a conductive tab 5c connecting the rear of said screws. Like the tongue 5c, the screws 6a, 6b are made of ferromagnetic material and their heads constitute electrical test points directly accessible without tools or disassembly operations. Test plug 1 is unipolar.
  • the automatic holding means comprise two contact tips 10a, 10b. It has a body 8 made of insulating coating material, of small thickness as seen in the side figure 2 to adapt to the thickness of the connection terminal 2 for which the socket is intended here.
  • a permanent magnet 9 In the body 8 of the socket is housed a permanent magnet 9 whose poles are extended by two parallel contact points 11a, 11b, made of soft magnetic material, here ferromagnetic, and forming a horseshoe whose ends 10a, 10b are protruding and each establish a point of contact with one of the screw heads 6a, 6b of the connection terminal 1.
  • the ends have a flat surface treated to ensure the best possible contact with said screw heads and also the best magnetic exchange necessary for a good hold.
  • Magnetic flux in closed circuit (thanks to the presence of the conductive tab 5c), reinforces the maintenance of the socket on the connection terminal.
  • the electrical signal picked up on the contact tips 10a, 10b is conveyed to an output cable 12 via a conductive wire 13 for interconnecting the two contact elements 11a, 11b.
  • This conductive wire 13 is itself extended to the output conductor.
  • means 14 for pre-processing the electrical signal picked up on the contact tips 10a and 10b consisting of an electronic circuit for protection against the risk of electromagnetic disturbance.
  • This circuit consists either of an amplifier or of an impedance adapter, their output signal being emitted at low impedance which is conducive to the transport of the signal to the means for detecting and / or measuring the test equipment, thereby minimizing the risk of electromagnetic disturbance.
  • FIG. 3 A second embodiment is shown in FIG. 3. It is a test socket 20 shaped to adapt more particularly to a “domino” type connector 21.
  • the screw heads here 22a, 22b are located at the bottom of cylindrical projecting housings 23a, 23b.
  • the body 27 of the socket is itself shaped with complementary receiving cavities 24a, 24b in the bottom of which protrude the contact points made of soft magnetic material here 25a, 25b (without protruding cavities) so as to cover the housings 23a, 23b and ensuring contact between the screw heads 22a, 22b and the points 25a and 25b.
  • This interlocking contributes in part to maintaining the socket and advantageously also makes it possible to protect users against the risks of electrical contact.
  • each contact tip 25a 25b there is a permanent magnet 28a, 28b, said magnets being connected via a strip 29.
  • This thus achieves a splitting of the contact points each magnetically connected to a permanent magnet.
  • a conducting wire 30a, 30b ensures the electrical continuity between the contact tip 25a, 25b respectively and a receiver housing 31 formed in the body 27 of the socket for receiving a removable connection plug 33 connected to a test apparatus. This advantageously makes it possible to choose and adapt a given socket on the apparatus according to the test to be carried out.
  • the test port is characterized here by two so-called “open” magnetic fluxes.
  • the domino 21 comprises an inner body 37 defining the space 34 in which the conductive wires are inserted here 35a, 35b cooperating with the clamping screws here 36a, 36b generally produced in an agnetic material.
  • the magnets 28a and 28b are chosen so that sufficient and safe mechanical contact as well as reliable electrical contact are ensured.
  • the body of the test socket may have thickness variations so that several sockets of this type can be installed on connection terminals juxtaposed on a profile.
  • the lower part I ⁇ ⁇ I 3 of the socket P 1 -P 3 has a reduced thickness and corresponding to that of the terminal B 1 -B 3 so that the sockets can be installed alternately on a high test point and a low test point.
  • FIG. 7 is shown an alternative embodiment where alternately the rear part Ar or front Av of the socket P1-P3 has a reduced thickness so that the sockets can be installed side by side on test points juxtaposed connection terminals B1-B3 high.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of an embodiment of a test system according to the invention implementing a test apparatus comprising a socket 50 and a transmitter box 61, and a receiver box 80.
  • the socket 50 has an alternative embodiment with respect to the socket of FIG. 3: it has only one contact element 51 cooperating with a permanent magnet 52, the projecting point 53 of the element 51 being intended to be put in contact either with the screw 6a or 6b of the connector to be tested, here also forming with said screw and the other ferromagnetic metal parts of the connection terminal a magnetic circuit with open flow.
  • This embodiment of a socket with a single contact tip has the advantage of being compatible with a majority of terminal types, regardless of their dimensions and their calibers.
  • the socket 50 also includes removable connection means 60 to the housing 61, comprising a receiver housing 62 formed in the body 56 of the socket 50 electrically connected to the contact tip 51 by a conductive wire 46 for example by a solder 47 and connection means 63 of the plug type connected by a cord 64 to the housing 61.
  • the transmitter unit 61 comprises, autonomous supply means 66 by battery or electric battery, electronic means 67 for detecting the signal picked up on the contact tip (s) of the connected socket, and transmitter means 68 of a signal representative of said detected signal. Transmission can take place over the air, in which case the housing 61 will include an antenna 69. It can also be of the ultrasonic or infrared type.
  • the box 61 can be completed by:
  • means of printing 73 of said data means of protection 74 of the means of transmission necessary to guarantee the security of the transmission, by coding or by encryption of the data or signals.
  • the receiver unit 80 is autonomous and portable, provided with:
  • - autonomous supply means 81 by battery or electric battery, receiver means 82, wireless (in which case supplemented by a receiving antenna 83), ultrasonic or infrared according to the transmitting means of the transmitting unit 61, - means of decoding 84 of the transmitted data,
  • means 85 for informing the operator of said transmitted data for example in the form of a visual indication (for example the lighting of a diode or the display of a data), an audible alarm or a oral message generated by voice synthesis.
  • the receiver unit 80 can be supplemented by: external display means 81 (switches and display members) necessary for commissioning and related checks, - data processing means 83 comprising in particular memory means containing pre-recorded data which can be used for carrying out comparisons, means for recording the transmitted data, printing means, calculation means, etc.
  • FIG. 5 shows the application of the system according to the invention to an electrical installation comprising four stations S1-S4 each provided with a set of connection terminals B1-B4, its own detection members D1-D4 and means d actuation A x -A 4 . Initially, the operator installs one or more P test sockets, single-pole or multi-pole, depending on the type of connection terminal, which he plugs into his test equipment T.
  • He energizes the latter, determines the various parameters, for example if a measurement should be made, its type, etc., the transmission frequency, etc.
  • the operator can then place himself in another station of the installation, here S 4 , possibly triggering an event using the actuation means A 4 and observing at the same time what is happening locally, for example using the detection member D 4 , and also knowing in real time thanks to the signal received on its receiver unit R what is happening at the level of the test socket (s).
  • the data received can then, if necessary, be interpreted, compared, printed, etc. at the receiver unit, using the means described above.
  • alternative embodiments are possible, in particular as we have seen with regard to the shape of the socket.
  • the apparatus could be implemented with a test port provided with mechanical holding means.
  • the apparatus can be more or less sophisticated and include optional means such as data processing means, depending on the applications.
  • the system according to the invention can be reduced to a test socket with automatic maintenance connected by an output cord to a apparatus fitted for example with simple means of detection and alarm.

Abstract

The invention concerns a test connector (50) comprising at least a contact tip (51) designed to be urged in contact with a testing point of a connecting terminal in contact with the electrical conductors of the corresponding electrical installation, said contact tip (51) being adapted to pick up an electric signal. The invention is characterised in that automatic magnetic-type retaining means are provided using a permanent magnet (53). The associated equipment comprises an inventive test connector (51) and a housing (61) provided with powering means (66) and means for sensing (67) the signal picked up by the contact point (51) of the test connector.

Description

"PRISE DE TEST ELECTRIQUE, APPAREILLAGE ET SYSTEME METTANT EN OEUVRE UNE TELLE PRISE" "ELECTRIC TEST TAKING, APPARATUS AND SYSTEM IMPLEMENTING SUCH TAKING"
La présente invention concerne une prise de test électrique. Elle vise également un appareillage et un système mettant en oeuvre une telle prise.The present invention relates to an electrical test socket. It also relates to an apparatus and a system implementing such an outlet.
Les appareillages de test électrique servent aux opérations de contrôle et de maintenance de toute installation électrique, industrielle, particulière ou publique, partout où ladite installation comporte divers points de jonction électrique assurés par bornes de raccordement qui permettent une prise de test.Electrical test equipment is used for control and maintenance operations of any electrical, industrial, private or public installation, wherever said installation includes various electrical junction points provided by connection terminals which allow a test socket.
Dans les appareillages de test électrique connus, les prises de test sont constituées de pointes de contact maintenues enfoncées au contact des vis ou de tout autre point métallique de test de bornes de raccordement, en contact avec les conducteurs électriques et accessibles sans démontage, généralement pour y procéder aux opérations de vérification et de mesure électrique (mesure de tension, de courant, détection de contact ouvert ou fermé, mesure d'impédance, etc.), qui caractérisent les installations électriques et leur état de fonctionnement.In known electrical test apparatus, the test sockets consist of contact tips held pressed in contact with the screws or any other metallic test point for connection terminals, in contact with the electrical conductors and accessible without disassembly, generally for perform the electrical verification and measurement operations (voltage, current measurement, detection of open or closed contact, impedance measurement, etc.), which characterize the electrical installations and their operating state.
Les bornes de raccordement sur lesquelles les tests sont effectués momentanément peuvent être notamment des barrettes de connexion (du type « dominos ») , ou des blocs de jonction (ou blocs de raccordement ou tout dispositif électrique dont un point du circuit est accessible) ; ces blocs sont généralement montés par simple encliquetage sur rails ou profilés de fixation.The connection terminals on which the tests are carried out momentarily may be in particular connection bars (of the “domino” type), or terminal blocks (or connection blocks or any electrical device from which a point of the circuit is accessible); these blocks are generally mounted by simple snap-fastening on rails or fixing profiles.
Les liaisons électriques permanentes entre ces bornes et les circuits de l'installation sont assurées par serrage d'une pièce métallique sur les conducteurs d'arrivée et de sortie ou par pincement de ces conducteurs. Elles peuvent être sans coupure entre 1' entrée et la sortie ou sectionnables . Il peut s'agir aussi de blocs assurant une fonction précise (disjonction, relais, etc.) de traitement de signal entre son entrée et sa sortie. Ces bornes de raccordement sont de forme et de dimensions variables selon leur origine et leur fabrication et selon la nature du circuit de l'installation. Ce circuit peut être un circuit de puissance qui distribue la tension secteur aux différents équipements de l'installation. Il peut être un circuit dit de courant faible destiné à véhiculer les signaux de commande, de mesure, de contrôle, etc. nécessaires au fonctionnement de l'installation.The permanent electrical connections between these terminals and the circuits of the installation are ensured by clamping a metal piece on the incoming and outgoing conductors or by pinching these conductors. They can be uninterrupted between 1 entry and exit or sectionable. They can also be blocks ensuring a precise function (circuit breaker, relay, etc.) of signal processing between its input and its output. These connection terminals are of variable shape and size according to their origin and manufacture and according to the nature of the installation circuit. This circuit can be a power circuit which distributes the mains voltage to the various pieces of equipment in the installation. It can be a so-called low current circuit intended to convey the command, measurement, control signals, etc. necessary for the operation of the installation.
Actuellement avec les appareillages disponibles sur le marché, lorsqu'un opérateur procède à un test ou à une mesure électrique sur une paire de bornes de raccordement, il doit lui-même maintenir les pointes de contact de son appareillage de test en place sur les bornes et leur assurer une pression suffisante pour que le contact soit constant pendant tout le temps que dure son test ou sa mesure.Currently with the equipment available on the market, when an operator performs an electrical test or measurement on a pair of connection terminals, he must himself maintain the contact tips of his test equipment in place on the terminals and provide them with sufficient pressure so that contact is constant during the whole time that their test or measurement lasts.
On a proposé comme solution, notamment dans les documents FR 2779232 et FR 2517128, des prises de test munies de moyens de maintien automatique de type à pinces. Toutefois, les moyens mécaniques mis en œuvre sont complexes et coûteux (réalisation d'un moule, opérations d'assemblage etc.). D'ailleurs, à la connaissance des présents inventeurs, aucune prise de test de ce type n'a été développée commercialement.A solution has been proposed, in particular in documents FR 2779232 and FR 2517128, test sockets provided with automatic holding means of the clamp type. However, the mechanical means used are complex and costly (production of a mold, assembly operations, etc.). Moreover, to the knowledge of the present inventors, no test taking of this type has been developed commercially.
Par ailleurs, le document FR 1 600 124 décrit un dispositif pour la connexion et la fixation de conducteurs électriques consistant à mettre en contact deux masses magnétiques de pôles opposés, lesdites masses étant revêtues d'une couche de matériau conducteur d'électricité et des fils de connexion étant raccordés auxdites masses. La présente invention a pour but notamment de proposer une solution de maintien automatique qui soit simple à mettre en œuvre et donc peu coûteuse.Furthermore, the document FR 1 600 124 describes a device for the connection and fixing of electrical conductors consisting in bringing two magnetic masses of opposite poles into contact, said masses being coated with a layer of electrically conductive material and wires of connection being connected to said masses. The object of the present invention is in particular to propose an automatic maintenance solution which is simple to implement and therefore inexpensive.
Par ailleurs, lorsque le test ou la mesure n'est qu'une partie de l'opération de vérification (ou de diagnostic, de contrôle ou de mesure) et nécessite d'être corrélée avec un ou plusieurs événements provoqués ou susceptibles de se produire en un autre point de l'installation, l'opérateur doit être en liaison constante avec un second opérateur qui provoque ou observe le ou lesdits événements. Selon la nature et la finalité de leur mission, les opérateurs sont alors en mesure d'analyser la relation (réaction à l'événement, coïncidence, retard, etc.) entre événement et changement d'état électrique sur les bornes pour conclure leur vérification, diagnostic ou contrôle. Par exemple, un premier opérateur tient les pointes de contact enfoncées sur les vis de deux bornes d'une armoire de raccordement d'une installation électrique et surveille constamment le cadran de son multimètre (ou de tout autre appareil de mesure) dans l'attente de l'apparition du signal attendu, pendant qu'un second opérateur force la mise en route d'un actionneur (ou surveille le voyant d'un détecteur, ou la mise en route d'un tapis transbordeur, ou le passage d'un véhicule, ou met sous tension une partie d'installation). Les deux opérateurs sont alors, soit en vue directe ou à portée de voix pour échanger leurs constats ou actions, ou s'ils ne sont ni en vue directe ni , aptes à se parler aisément, dotés d'émetteurs/récepteurs phoniques nécessaires à leurs échanges immédiats (en temps réel) et à la confrontation de leurs constats.Furthermore, when the test or measurement is only part of the verification (or diagnostic, control or measurement) operation and needs to be correlated with one or more events caused or likely to occur at another point in the installation, the operator must be in constant contact with a second operator who causes or observes the said event or events. Depending on the nature and purpose of their mission, operators are then able to analyze the relationship (reaction to the event, coincidence, delay, etc.) between event and change of electrical state on the terminals to conclude their verification , diagnosis or control. For example, a first operator holds the contact tips pressed on the screws of two terminals of a connection cabinet of an electrical installation and constantly monitors the dial of his multimeter (or any other measuring device) while waiting the appearance of the expected signal, while a second operator forces the actuation of an actuator (or monitors the indicator light of a detector, or the initiation of a conveyor belt, or the passage of a vehicle, or energizes part of an installation). The two operators are then either in direct view or within earshot to exchange their observations or actions, or if they are neither in direct view nor, able to speak easily, equipped with phonic transmitters / receivers necessary for their immediate exchanges (in real time) and the confrontation of their findings.
La présente invention a pour but également de simplifier ce type d'opérations de contrôle. Elle propose une prise de test pour borne de raccordement d'une installation électrique comportant :The present invention also aims to simplify this type of control operations. It offers a test socket for the connection terminal of an electrical installation comprising:
- au moins une pointe de contact destinée à venir au contact avec un point de test de ladite borne en contact avec les conducteurs électriques de ladite installation électrique, ladite pointe de contact étant adaptée à capter un signal électrique ; et- At least one contact tip intended to come into contact with a test point of said terminal in contact with the electrical conductors of said electrical installation, said contact tip being adapted to pick up an electrical signal; and
- des moyens de maintien automatique de la pointe de ladite prise au contact dudit point de test. La prise est caractérisée en ce que la pointe de contact est en matériau métallique magnétique doux, les moyens de maintien automatique comprenant un aimant permanent coopérant avec ladite pointe de contact.- means for automatically maintaining the tip of said socket in contact with said test point. The socket is characterized in that the contact tip is made of soft magnetic metallic material, the automatic holding means comprising a permanent magnet cooperating with said contact tip.
L'aimant permanent coopère par l'un quelconque de ses pôles magnétiques avec la pointe de contact qui est réalisée en matériau magnétique doux, capable de canaliser le flux magnétique de l'aimant, dans lequel le champ magnétique circule pratiquement sans résistance et transmet la force d'attraction de l'aimant sur toute pièce en matériau ferreux tel que ledit point de test.The permanent magnet cooperates by any of its magnetic poles with the contact tip which is made of soft magnetic material, capable of channeling the magnetic flux of the magnet, in which the magnetic field circulates practically without resistance and transmits the magnet attracting force on any piece of ferrous material such as said test point.
Ainsi, selon l'invention on utilise une partie existante de circuit qui n'est pas polarisée et la force de maintien est assurée par un aimant permanent. Il existe notamment des aimants permanents en terre rare dont le rapport « force/volume/poids » est très favorable à la réalisation d'une prise de test de petit volume et aisée à mettre en œuvre (ils peuvent être grossièrement moulé avec les autres constituants de la prise dans un matériau synthétique isolant pour former le corps de la prise) .Thus, according to the invention, an existing part of the circuit is used which is not polarized and the holding force is provided by a permanent magnet. There are in particular permanent rare earth magnets whose “strength / volume / weight” ratio is very favorable for carrying out a small volume test taking and easy to implement (they can be roughly molded with the other constituents of the plug in an insulating synthetic material to form the body of the plug).
A la différence du brevet FR 1 600 124 cité plus haut, selon l'invention le contact est établi entre une pointe de contact et une pièce existante d'un circuit quelconque d'une installation, sans avoir à en modifier les terminaisons. Par ailleurs, comme on l'a vu la polarité du circuit magnétique est indifférente, celle-ci étant mise en contact avec une partie existante de circuit qui n'est pas magnétiquement polarisée. Par ailleurs encore, la prise de test selon l'invention peut ne supporter qu'un faible courant comme ceux nécessaires aux mesures de tension, de détection de continuité etc. Selon l'invention par ailleurs, il faut prévoir que le contact entre la pointe de contact et la tête de vis peut n'être que ponctuel car bien souvent les vis de serrage ont généralement subi de multiples interventions mécaniques et présentent en conséquence des aspérités .Unlike the patent FR 1 600 124 cited above, according to the invention the contact is established between a contact tip and an existing part of any circuit of an installation, without having to modify the terminations. Furthermore, as we have seen the polarity of the magnetic circuit is indifferent, this being brought into contact with an existing part of the circuit which is not magnetically polarized. Furthermore, the test socket according to the invention may only support a low current such as those necessary for voltage measurements, continuity detection, etc. According to the invention, moreover, provision should be made for the contact between the contact tip and the screw head to be only punctual since very often the clamping screws have generally undergone multiple mechanical interventions and consequently have roughness.
La présente invention propose donc une solution simple et peu coûteuse.The present invention therefore provides a simple and inexpensive solution.
De plus, grâce à l'invention, l'opérateur dispose alors d'une véritable prise et n'a plus besoin de tenir la ou les pointes de contact, celles-ci une fois mises en place sont maintenues automatiquement. L'opérateur a alors les mains libres pour effectuer notamment les autres opérations en rapport avec le test. La prise de test peut être unipolaire destinée à une borne, bipolaire destinée à deux bornes juxtaposées ou superposées ou multipolaire adaptée à un plus grand nombre de bornes de raccordement juxtaposées ou superposées . L'opérateur n'a en outre avantageusement besoin d'aucun outil pour installer et enlever la prise de test et n'a pas besoin de couper, même momentanément, le circuit électrique surveillé.In addition, thanks to the invention, the operator then has a real grip and no longer needs to hold the contact tip (s), these once put in place are maintained automatically. The operator is then free to carry out in particular the other operations related to the test. The test socket can be unipolar intended for one terminal, bipolar intended for two juxtaposed or superimposed terminals or multipolar adapted to a greater number of juxtaposed or superimposed connection terminals. The operator also advantageously does not need any tool to install and remove the test socket and does not need to cut, even momentarily, the monitored electrical circuit.
Par ailleurs, dans le cas d'une prise multipolaire, des moyens de pré-traitement du signal capté par la ou les pointes de la prise de test seront prévus dans le corps de la prise avant de le véhiculer jusqu'aux moyens de détection et/ou de mesure, protégeant ainsi le signal contre le risque d'être perturbé par l'environnement électromagnétique qui peut régner dans les armoires électriques et auxquels sont exposés les signaux les plus sensibles .Furthermore, in the case of a multipolar socket, means for preprocessing the signal picked up by the tip (s) of the test socket will be provided in the body of the socket before transporting it to the detection means and / or measurement, thus protecting the signal against the risk of being disturbed by the electromagnetic environment which may prevail in the cabinets the most sensitive signals.
Selon l'invention, il est également proposé un appareillage de test électrique pour borne de raccordement d'une installation électrique comportant au moins une pointe de contact destinée à venir au contact avec un point de test de ladite borne en contact avec les conducteurs électriques de ladite installation électrique, ladite pointe de contact étant adaptée à capter un signal électrique, un boîtier muni de moyens d'alimentation et des moyens de détection du signal capté par ladite pointe de contact, caractérisé par au moins une prise de test telle que décrite ci-dessus et mettant en oeuvre ladite pointe de contact. Selon un mode particulièrement intéressant de réalisation, le boîtier est en outre muni de moyens émetteurs susceptibles de transmettre automatiquement à des moyens récepteurs une donnée représentative du signal capté, donnée représentative du test effectué pouvant être une valeur de mesure électrique, auquel cas l'appareillage pourra comporter en outre des moyens de mesure, un franchissement de seuil inférieur ou supérieur préétabli (seuil d'amplitude de tension, de fréquence, etc.), une valeur de détection de fermeture ou d'ouverture d'un circuit électrique surveillé, etc.According to the invention, there is also proposed an electrical test apparatus for connection terminal of an electrical installation comprising at least one contact tip intended to come into contact with a test point of said terminal in contact with the electrical conductors of said electrical installation, said contact tip being adapted to pick up an electrical signal, a box provided with supply means and means for detecting the signal picked up by said contact tip, characterized by at least one test socket as described below above and using said contact tip. According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the box is further provided with transmitter means capable of automatically transmitting to receiver means data representative of the signal received, data representative of the test carried out which may be an electrical measurement value, in which case the apparatus may also include measurement means, crossing of a pre-established lower or upper threshold (voltage amplitude, frequency threshold, etc.), a detection value for closing or opening a monitored electrical circuit, etc. .
L' automaticité d'un tel appareillage permet avantageusement à un opérateur unique de réaliser des opérations de contrôle à distance. Bien qu'éloigné du site où il procède à la capture du signal, l'opérateur sera informé en temps réel du résultat de la prise de test, lui permettant ainsi de concentrer son attention sur une autre partie de l'installation où un événement est attendu ou craint. Prévenu en temps réel du signal détecté sur les bornes, l'opérateur aura alors la possibilité d'analyser la situation et de mieux comprendre la nature d'un dysfonctionnement ou de vérifier la qualité de l'installation.The automaticity of such an equipment advantageously allows a single operator to carry out remote control operations. Although far from the site where he is capturing the signal, the operator will be informed in real time of the result of the test taking, allowing him to focus his attention on another part of the installation where an event is expected or feared. Notified in real time of the signal detected on the terminals, the operator will then be able to analyze the situation and better understand the nature of a malfunction or check the quality of the installation.
L'appareillage peut comporter plusieurs prises de test, par exemple pour s'adapter au cas où les deux bornes de raccordement d'un circuit électrique à tester ne sont pas juxtaposées.The apparatus may include several test sockets, for example to adapt to the case where the two connection terminals of an electrical circuit to be tested are not juxtaposed.
La présente invention propose également un système comportant d'une part un appareillage tel que défini ci- dessus et, d'autre part, un boîtier muni de moyens récepteurs. La donnée représentative transmise pourra se traduire sur le boîtier par un signal visuel, un signal sonore, un affichage de données, ou un message oral par synthèse de la parole qui présente l'avantage de libérer l'opérateur de l'obligation de surveiller un écran ou un cadran. Le système peut en outre comporter des moyens de traitement de ces données, par exemple des moyens d'analyse, des moyens d'affichage, de mémorisation ou de comparaison avec des données préenregistrées.The present invention also provides a system comprising on the one hand an apparatus as defined above and, on the other hand, a housing provided with receiving means. The representative data transmitted may be translated on the housing by a visual signal, an audible signal, a display of data, or an oral message by speech synthesis which has the advantage of releasing the operator from the obligation to monitor a screen or dial. The system may further include means for processing this data, for example analysis means, display means, storage or comparison with prerecorded data.
Selon une autre caractéristique encore, l'appareillage de test comprend des moyens amovibles de connexion de la prise, par exemple par enfichage. Cela permet avantageusement d'utiliser un même boîtier d'appareillage avec différents modèles de prise de test.According to yet another characteristic, the test apparatus comprises removable means for connecting the socket, for example by plugging in. This advantageously makes it possible to use the same switchgear box with different models of test portion.
L'appareillage peut également comporter plusieurs points de connexion pour permettre la connexion simultanée, éventuellement amovibles, pour plusieurs prises de test permettant ainsi de procéder au test simultané de plusieurs circuits électriques dont les résultats sont susceptibles d'être corrélés avec un ou plusieurs événements.The apparatus can also include several connection points to allow simultaneous connection, possibly removable, for several test sockets thus making it possible to carry out the simultaneous test of several electrical circuits whose results are likely to be correlated with one or more events.
La présente invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages apparaîtront à la lumière de la description qui va suivre d'exemples de réalisation, description faite en référence aux dessins sur lesquels : - la figure 1 est une vue en coupe montrant un premier exemple de réalisation d'une prise selon l'invention, du type unipolaire à doubles pointes de contact et caractérisée par un flux magnétique en circuit fermé, et une borne de raccordement à laquelle elle est destinée;The present invention will be better understood and other advantages will appear in the light of the description which follows of embodiments, description made with reference to the drawings in which: - Figure 1 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of a socket according to the invention, of the unipolar type with double contact tips and characterized by a magnetic flux in closed circuit, and a connection terminal to which it is intended;
- la figure 2 est une vue de côté selon la flèche II de la figure 1 ;- Figure 2 is a side view along arrow II of Figure 1;
- la figure 3 montre un second mode de réalisation d'une prise selon l'invention caractérisée par un flux magnétique en circuit ouvert et un connecteur de type « domino » auquel elle est destinée ;- Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of a socket according to the invention characterized by a magnetic flux in open circuit and a connector type "domino" for which it is intended;
- la figure 4 illustre schématiquement un exemple de réalisation de système mettant en œuvre un appareillage de test selon l'invention, comprenant une prise de test selon l'invention, cette prise étant une variante de réalisation de la prise des figures 1 et 2, munie d'une seule pointe de contact et de moyens de connexion amovibles audit appareillage de test ; - la figure 5 illustre schématiquement une application du système de la figure 4 à une installation électrique industrielle ;FIG. 4 schematically illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a system implementing a test apparatus according to the invention, comprising a test socket according to the invention, this socket being an alternative embodiment of the socket in FIGS. 1 and 2, provided with a single contact tip and removable connection means to said test apparatus; - Figure 5 schematically illustrates an application of the system of Figure 4 to an industrial electrical installation;
- la figure 6 est une vue en élévation montrant une variante de réalisation du corps de la prise permettant d'installer en décalé plusieurs de ces prises sur des bornes de raccordement juxtaposées ; et- Figure 6 is an elevational view showing an alternative embodiment of the body of the socket for installing offset of several of these sockets on juxtaposed connection terminals; and
- la figure 7 est une vue du dessus montrant une autre variante de réalisation du corps de la prise permettant également d'installer plusieurs de ces prises sur des bornes de raccordement juxtaposées.- Figure 7 is a top view showing another alternative embodiment of the body of the socket also making it possible to install several of these sockets on juxtaposed connection terminals.
Sur les figures 1 et 2, est représentée une prise de test 1 unipolaire destinée à être montée sur une borne de raccordement 2 installée sur un profilé de fixation 3.In FIGS. 1 and 2 is shown a single-pole test socket 1 intended to be mounted on a connection terminal 2 installed on a fixing profile 3.
Cette borne de raccordement 2 est du type connu comportant deux conducteurs 4a, 4b, raccordés chacun à l'aide d'une vis de fixation 5a, 5b, dont la tête 6a, 6b, est accessible via un conduit 7a, 7b, débouchant à l'extérieur de la borne. La continuité électrique entre les vis 5a, 5b est assurée par une languette conductrice 5c reliant l'arrière desdites vis. Tout comme la languette 5c, les vis 6a, 6b sont en matériau ferromagnétique et leurs têtes constituent des points de test électriques directement accessibles sans outils ni opérations de démontage. La prise de test 1 est unipolaire. Les moyens de maintien automatique comprennent deux pointes de contact 10a, 10b. Elle possède un corps 8 en matériau d'enrobage isolant, de petite épaisseur comme on le voit sur la figure de côté 2 pour s'adapter à l'épaisseur de la borne de raccordement 2 à laquelle la prise est ici destinée.This connection terminal 2 is of the known type comprising two conductors 4a, 4b, each connected to using a fixing screw 5a, 5b, the head 6a, 6b of which is accessible via a conduit 7a, 7b, opening out to the outside of the terminal. Electrical continuity between the screws 5a, 5b is ensured by a conductive tab 5c connecting the rear of said screws. Like the tongue 5c, the screws 6a, 6b are made of ferromagnetic material and their heads constitute electrical test points directly accessible without tools or disassembly operations. Test plug 1 is unipolar. The automatic holding means comprise two contact tips 10a, 10b. It has a body 8 made of insulating coating material, of small thickness as seen in the side figure 2 to adapt to the thickness of the connection terminal 2 for which the socket is intended here.
Dans le corps 8 de la prise est logé un aimant permanent 9 dont les pôles sont prolongés par deux pointes de contact parallèles lia, 11b, en matériau magnétique doux, ici ferromagnétique, et formant un fer à cheval dont les extrémités 10a, 10b sont dépassantes et établissent chacune un point de contact avec une des têtes de vis 6a, 6b de la borne de raccordement 1. Les extrémités ont une surface plane traitée pour assurer le meilleur contact possible avec lesdites têtes de vis et également le meilleur échange magnétique nécessaire à un bon maintien de la prise.In the body 8 of the socket is housed a permanent magnet 9 whose poles are extended by two parallel contact points 11a, 11b, made of soft magnetic material, here ferromagnetic, and forming a horseshoe whose ends 10a, 10b are protruding and each establish a point of contact with one of the screw heads 6a, 6b of the connection terminal 1. The ends have a flat surface treated to ensure the best possible contact with said screw heads and also the best magnetic exchange necessary for a good hold.
Ce mode de réalisation, dit «à flux magnétique en circuit fermé» (grâce à la présence de la languette conductrice 5c) , renforce le maintien de la prise sur la borne de raccordement.This embodiment, known as “magnetic flux in closed circuit” (thanks to the presence of the conductive tab 5c), reinforces the maintenance of the socket on the connection terminal.
Le signal électrique capté sur les pointes de contact 10a, 10b est véhiculé jusqu'à un câble de sortie 12 via un fil conducteur 13 d' interconnexion des deux éléments de contact lia, 11b. Ce fil conducteur 13 est lui-même prolongé jusqu'au conducteur de sortie. Dans le corps de la prise peuvent être ménagés des moyens 14 de pré-traitement du signal électrique capté sur les pointes de contact 10a et 10b, constitués d'un circuit électronique de protection contre le risque de perturbation électromagnétique. Ce circuit est constitué soit d'un amplificateur, soit d'un adaptateur d'impédance, leur signal de sortie étant émis sous faible impédance ce qui est propice au transport du signal jusqu'aux moyens de détection et/ou de mesure de l'appareillage de test, en minimisant ainsi le risque de perturbation électromagnétique.The electrical signal picked up on the contact tips 10a, 10b is conveyed to an output cable 12 via a conductive wire 13 for interconnecting the two contact elements 11a, 11b. This conductive wire 13 is itself extended to the output conductor. In the body of the socket can be provided means 14 for pre-processing the electrical signal picked up on the contact tips 10a and 10b, consisting of an electronic circuit for protection against the risk of electromagnetic disturbance. This circuit consists either of an amplifier or of an impedance adapter, their output signal being emitted at low impedance which is conducive to the transport of the signal to the means for detecting and / or measuring the test equipment, thereby minimizing the risk of electromagnetic disturbance.
Un second mode de réalisation est représenté sur la figure 3. Il s'agit d'une prise de test 20 conformée pour s'adapter plus particulièrement à un connecteur de type « domino » 21. Dans ce type de connecteur, les têtes de vis ici 22a, 22b se trouvent au fond de logements en saillie cylindriques 23a, 23b. Le corps 27 de la prise est lui conformé avec des cavités réceptrices complémentaires 24a, 24b dans le fond desquelles dépassent les pointes de contact en matériau magnétique doux ici 25a, 25b (sans dépasser des cavités) de manière à coiffer les logements 23a, 23b et assurer le contact entre les têtes de vis 22a, 22b et les pointes 25a et 25b. Cet emboîtement contribue en partie au maintien de la prise et permet avantageusement en outre de protéger les utilisateurs contre les risques de contact électrique. A l'arrière de chaque pointe de contact 25a 25b se trouve un aimant permanent 28a, 28b, lesdits aimants étant connectés via une barrette 29. On réalise ainsi un dédoublement des pointes de contact reliées chacune magnétiquement à un aimant permanent. Ceci permet d'accroître la force de maintien et de garantir un contact suffisant quelle que soit la position du connecteur, y compris lorsque la prise doit être enfichée pointe en haut. Un fil conducteur 30a, 30b assure la continuité électrique entre la pointe de contact respectivement 25a, 25b et un logement récepteur 31 ménagé dans le corps 27 de la prise pour recevoir une fiche de connexion amovible 33 reliée à un appareillage de test. Ceci permet avantageusement de choisir et d'adapter sur l'appareillage une prise donnée en fonction du test à réaliser.A second embodiment is shown in FIG. 3. It is a test socket 20 shaped to adapt more particularly to a “domino” type connector 21. In this type of connector, the screw heads here 22a, 22b are located at the bottom of cylindrical projecting housings 23a, 23b. The body 27 of the socket is itself shaped with complementary receiving cavities 24a, 24b in the bottom of which protrude the contact points made of soft magnetic material here 25a, 25b (without protruding cavities) so as to cover the housings 23a, 23b and ensuring contact between the screw heads 22a, 22b and the points 25a and 25b. This interlocking contributes in part to maintaining the socket and advantageously also makes it possible to protect users against the risks of electrical contact. At the rear of each contact tip 25a 25b there is a permanent magnet 28a, 28b, said magnets being connected via a strip 29. This thus achieves a splitting of the contact points each magnetically connected to a permanent magnet. This makes it possible to increase the holding force and to guarantee sufficient contact whatever the position of the connector, including when the plug is to be inserted point upwards. A conducting wire 30a, 30b ensures the electrical continuity between the contact tip 25a, 25b respectively and a receiver housing 31 formed in the body 27 of the socket for receiving a removable connection plug 33 connected to a test apparatus. This advantageously makes it possible to choose and adapt a given socket on the apparatus according to the test to be carried out.
Par ailleurs, la prise de test est caractérisée ici par deux flux magnétiques dits à circuit « ouvert ». En effet, le domino 21 comporte un corps intérieur 37 définissant l'espace 34 dans lequel sont insérés les fils conducteurs ici 35a, 35b coopérant avec les vis de serrage ici 36a, 36b réalisé généralement dans un matériau a agnétique. Les aimants 28a et 28b sont choisis de sorte qu'un contact mécanique suffisant et sûr ainsi qu'un contact électrique fiable soient assurés.In addition, the test port is characterized here by two so-called “open” magnetic fluxes. Indeed, the domino 21 comprises an inner body 37 defining the space 34 in which the conductive wires are inserted here 35a, 35b cooperating with the clamping screws here 36a, 36b generally produced in an agnetic material. The magnets 28a and 28b are chosen so that sufficient and safe mechanical contact as well as reliable electrical contact are ensured.
Afin de s'adapter à des bornes de faible épaisseur, le corps de la prise de test pourra présenter des variations d' épaisseur de sorte que plusieurs prises de ce type puissent être installées sur des bornes de raccordement juxtaposées sur un profilé.In order to adapt to thin terminals, the body of the test socket may have thickness variations so that several sockets of this type can be installed on connection terminals juxtaposed on a profile.
Ainsi par exemple comme représenté sur la figure 6, la partie inférieure Iι~I3 de la prise P1-P3 a une épaisseur réduite et correspondant à celle de la borne B1-B3 de sorte que les prises peuvent être installées de manière alternée sur un point de test haut et un point de test bas.Thus for example as shown in Figure 6, the lower part Iι ~ I 3 of the socket P 1 -P 3 has a reduced thickness and corresponding to that of the terminal B 1 -B 3 so that the sockets can be installed alternately on a high test point and a low test point.
De même, sur la figure 7 est montrée une variante de réalisation où alternativement la partie arrière Ar ou avant Av de la prise P1-P3 présente une épaisseur réduite de sorte que les prises puissent être installées côte-à- côte sur des points de test hauts de bornes de raccordement B1-B3 juxtaposées.Similarly, in Figure 7 is shown an alternative embodiment where alternately the rear part Ar or front Av of the socket P1-P3 has a reduced thickness so that the sockets can be installed side by side on test points juxtaposed connection terminals B1-B3 high.
Sur la figure 4, est montré un exemple de réalisation d'un système de test selon l'invention mettant en œuvre un appareillage de test comprenant une prise 50 et un boîtier émetteur 61, et un boîtier récepteur 80.FIG. 4 shows an example of an embodiment of a test system according to the invention implementing a test apparatus comprising a socket 50 and a transmitter box 61, and a receiver box 80.
La prise 50 présente une variante de réalisation par rapport à la prise de la figure 3 : elle ne comporte qu'un seul élément de contact 51 coopérant avec un aimant permanent 52, la pointe dépassante 53 de l'élément 51 étant destinée à être mise au contact indifféremment de la vis 6a ou 6b du connecteur à tester, formant ici aussi avec ladite vis et les autres pièces métalliques ferromagnétiques de la borne de raccordement un circuit magnétique à flux ouvert. Ce mode de réalisation de prise à une seule pointe de contact présente l'avantage d'être compatible avec une majorité de types de borne, indépendamment de leurs dimensions et de leurs calibres. La prise 50 comporte également des moyens de connexion amovibles 60 au boîtier 61, comprenant un logement récepteur 62 ménagé dans le corps 56 de la prise 50 connecté électriquement à la pointe de contact 51 par un fil conducteur 46 par exemple par une soudure 47 et des moyens de connexion 63 de type fiche reliés par un cordon 64 au boîtier 61.The socket 50 has an alternative embodiment with respect to the socket of FIG. 3: it has only one contact element 51 cooperating with a permanent magnet 52, the projecting point 53 of the element 51 being intended to be put in contact either with the screw 6a or 6b of the connector to be tested, here also forming with said screw and the other ferromagnetic metal parts of the connection terminal a magnetic circuit with open flow. This embodiment of a socket with a single contact tip has the advantage of being compatible with a majority of terminal types, regardless of their dimensions and their calibers. The socket 50 also includes removable connection means 60 to the housing 61, comprising a receiver housing 62 formed in the body 56 of the socket 50 electrically connected to the contact tip 51 by a conductive wire 46 for example by a solder 47 and connection means 63 of the plug type connected by a cord 64 to the housing 61.
Selon l'exemple choisi, le boîtier émetteur 61 comporte, des moyens d'alimentation 66 autonomes par batterie ou pile électrique, des moyens électroniques de détection 67 du signal capté sur la ou les pointes de contact de la prise connectée, et des moyens émetteurs 68 d'un signal représentatif dudit signal détecté. La transmission peut se faire par voie hertzienne auquel cas le boîtier 61 comportera une antenne 69. Elle peut également être du type ultrasonore ou infrarouge. Le boîtier 61 peut être complété par :According to the example chosen, the transmitter unit 61 comprises, autonomous supply means 66 by battery or electric battery, electronic means 67 for detecting the signal picked up on the contact tip (s) of the connected socket, and transmitter means 68 of a signal representative of said detected signal. Transmission can take place over the air, in which case the housing 61 will include an antenna 69. It can also be of the ultrasonic or infrared type. The box 61 can be completed by:
- des moyens électroniques de mesure 70 du signal détecté, des moyens de visualisation externe 71electronic means 70 for measuring the detected signal, external display means 71
(interrupteurs et organes de visualisation) nécessaires à la mise en service et aux vérifications qui y sont liées, des moyens d'enregistrement 72 des données représentatives des signaux détectés et mesurés, des seuils dépassés etc.;(switches and display devices) necessary for commissioning and related checks, means 72 for recording data representative of the detected and measured signals, exceeded thresholds, etc .;
- des moyens d'impression 73 desdites données , des moyens de protection 74 des moyens de transmission nécessaires pour garantir la sécurité de la transmission, par codage ou par cryptage des données ou signaux.means of printing 73 of said data, means of protection 74 of the means of transmission necessary to guarantee the security of the transmission, by coding or by encryption of the data or signals.
Le boîtier récepteur 80 est autonome et portatif, muni :The receiver unit 80 is autonomous and portable, provided with:
- de moyens d'alimentation 81 autonome par batterie ou par pile électrique, de moyens récepteurs 82, hertziens (auquel cas complétés par une antenne de réception 83), ultrasoniques ou à infrarouges selon les moyens émetteurs du boîtier émetteur 61, - de moyens de décodage 84 de la donnée transmise,- autonomous supply means 81 by battery or electric battery, receiver means 82, wireless (in which case supplemented by a receiving antenna 83), ultrasonic or infrared according to the transmitting means of the transmitting unit 61, - means of decoding 84 of the transmitted data,
- de moyens 85 pour informer l'opérateur de ladite donnée transmise, par exemple sous forme d'indication visuelle (par exemple l'allumage d'une diode ou l'affichage d'une donnée), d'alarme sonore ou d'un message oral généré par synthèse vocale.means 85 for informing the operator of said transmitted data, for example in the form of a visual indication (for example the lighting of a diode or the display of a data), an audible alarm or a oral message generated by voice synthesis.
Le boîtier récepteur 80 peut être complété par : des moyens de visualisation externe 81 (interrupteurs et organes de visualisation) nécessaires à la mise en service et aux vérifications qui y sont liées, - de moyens de traitement de données 83 comprenant notamment des moyens de mémoire contenant des données préenregistrées pouvant servir à effectuer des comparaisons, des moyens d'enregistrement des données transmises, des moyens d'impression, des moyens de calcul etc. La figure 5 montre l'application du système selon l'invention à une installation électrique comprenant quatre stations S1-S4 chacune munie d'un ensemble de bornes de raccordement B1-B4, de ses propres organes de détection D1-D4 et de moyens d' actionnement Ax-A4. Dans un premier temps, l'opérateur installe une ou plusieurs prises de test P, unipolaires ou multipolaires, selon le type de borne de raccordement, qu'il branche sur son appareillage de test T. Il met sous tension ce dernier, détermine les différents paramètres, par exemple s'il y a lieu d'effectuer une mesure, son type etc., la fréquence d'émission, etc. L'opérateur peut ensuite se placer en une autre station de l'installation, ici S4, éventuellement déclencher un événement à l'aide des moyens d' actionnement A4 et observer à la fois ce qu'il se passe au niveau local, par exemple à l'aide de l'organe de détection D4, et également connaître en temps réel grâce au signal réceptionné sur son boîtier récepteur R ce qu'il se passe au niveau de la ou les prises de test.The receiver unit 80 can be supplemented by: external display means 81 (switches and display members) necessary for commissioning and related checks, - data processing means 83 comprising in particular memory means containing pre-recorded data which can be used for carrying out comparisons, means for recording the transmitted data, printing means, calculation means, etc. FIG. 5 shows the application of the system according to the invention to an electrical installation comprising four stations S1-S4 each provided with a set of connection terminals B1-B4, its own detection members D1-D4 and means d actuation A x -A 4 . Initially, the operator installs one or more P test sockets, single-pole or multi-pole, depending on the type of connection terminal, which he plugs into his test equipment T. He energizes the latter, determines the various parameters, for example if a measurement should be made, its type, etc., the transmission frequency, etc. The operator can then place himself in another station of the installation, here S 4 , possibly triggering an event using the actuation means A 4 and observing at the same time what is happening locally, for example using the detection member D 4 , and also knowing in real time thanks to the signal received on its receiver unit R what is happening at the level of the test socket (s).
La donnée reçue peut ensuite, si besoin, être interprétée, comparée, imprimée, etc. au niveau du boîtier récepteur, grâce aux moyens décrits précédemment. Il va de soi que des variantes de réalisation sont possibles, notamment comme on l'a vu en ce qui concerne la forme de la prise. Il va de soi également que l'appareillage pourrait être mis en œuvre avec une prise de test munie de moyens de maintien mécaniques. En outre, l'appareillage peut être plus ou moins sophistiqué et comporter des moyens optionnels comme des moyens de traitement de données, selon les applications. Pour une simple application domestique, le système selon l'invention peut se réduire à une prise de test à maintien automatique reliée par un cordon de sortie à un appareillage muni par exemple de simples moyens de détection et d'alarme. The data received can then, if necessary, be interpreted, compared, printed, etc. at the receiver unit, using the means described above. It goes without saying that alternative embodiments are possible, in particular as we have seen with regard to the shape of the socket. It goes without saying also that the apparatus could be implemented with a test port provided with mechanical holding means. In addition, the apparatus can be more or less sophisticated and include optional means such as data processing means, depending on the applications. For a simple domestic application, the system according to the invention can be reduced to a test socket with automatic maintenance connected by an output cord to a apparatus fitted for example with simple means of detection and alarm.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS 1. Prise de test (1, 20, 50, P) pour borne de raccordement (2, 21, B1-B4) d'une installation électrique comportant : - au moins une pointe de contact (10a, 10b ; 25a, 25b ; 54) destinée à venir au contact avec un point de test (6a, 6b ; 22a, 22b) de ladite borne en contact avec les conducteurs électriques (4a, 4b ; 35a, 35b) de ladite installation électrique, ladite pointe de contact étant adaptée à capter un signal électrique ; etCLAIMS 1. Test socket (1, 20, 50, P) for connection terminal (2, 21, B1-B4) of an electrical installation comprising: - at least one contact tip (10a, 10b; 25a, 25b ; 54) intended to come into contact with a test point (6a, 6b; 22a, 22b) of said terminal in contact with the electrical conductors (4a, 4b; 35a, 35b) of said electrical installation, said contact tip being adapted to pick up an electrical signal; and
- des moyens de maintien automatique de ladite pointe de contact (10a, 10b ; 25a, 25b ; 54) au contact dudit point de test (6a, 6b ; 22a, 22b), caractérisée en ce que la pointe de contact (10a, 10b ; 25a, 25b ; 54) est en matériau métallique magnétique doux, les moyens de maintien automatique comprenant un aimant permanent (9; 28a, 28b ; 53) coopérant avec ladite pointe de contact.- means for automatically holding said contact tip (10a, 10b; 25a, 25b; 54) in contact with said test point (6a, 6b; 22a, 22b), characterized in that the contact tip (10a, 10b ; 25a, 25b; 54) is made of soft magnetic metallic material, the automatic holding means comprising a permanent magnet (9; 28a, 28b; 53) cooperating with said contact tip.
2. Prise de test selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les pôles de l'aimant (9) coopèrent avec deux pointes de contact (10a, 10b) adaptées à réaliser un circuit magnétique à flux fermé assurant un meilleur maintien de la prise.2. Test socket according to claim 1, characterized in that the poles of the magnet (9) cooperate with two contact tips (10a, 10b) adapted to produce a magnetic flux-closed circuit ensuring better hold of the socket .
3. Prise de test selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'aimant (28a, 28b, 53) coopère avec une pointe de contact (25a, 25b, 54) adaptée à réaliser un circuit magnétique à flux ouvert.3. Test port according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnet (28a, 28b, 53) cooperates with a contact tip (25a, 25b, 54) adapted to produce an open-flow magnetic circuit.
4. Prise de test selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par des moyens de connexion amovibles (60, 33) à un boîtier (61) d'appareillage de test électrique. 4. Test socket according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by removable connection means (60, 33) to a housing (61) of electrical test equipment.
5. Prise de test selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de connexion amovibles comprennent un logement (31,62) adapté à recevoir une fiche de connexion (63, 33) du boîtier (61) de l'appareillage de test électrique.5. Test socket according to claim 4, characterized in that the removable connection means comprise a housing (31,62) adapted to receive a connection plug (63, 33) of the housing (61) of the test apparatus electric.
6. Prise de test selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est multipolaire destinée à une borne de raccordement multipolaire ou des bornes de raccordement unipolaires juxtaposées, comportant à cet effet plusieurs pointes de contact, et en ce qu'elle comporte des moyens de prétraitement (50) du signal électrique capté par les pointes de contact (10a, 10b ; 25a, 25b ; 54) avant de le véhiculer vers des moyens de détection (67) de l'appareillage de test électrique.6. Test port according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is multipolar intended for a multipolar connection terminal or juxtaposed unipolar connection terminals, comprising for this purpose several contact points, and in that 'It includes means for preprocessing (50) the electrical signal picked up by the contact tips (10a, 10b; 25a, 25b; 54) before conveying it to detection means (67) of the electrical test apparatus.
7. Appareillage de test électrique (40, 61) pour borne de raccordement (2, 21) d'une installation électrique (Si, S ) comportant au moins une pointe de contact (10a, 10b ; 25a, 25b ; 54) destinée à venir au contact avec un point de test (6a, 6b ; 22a, 22b) de ladite borne en contact avec les conducteurs électriques (4a, 4b ; 35a, 35b) de ladite installation électrique, ladite pointe de contact étant adaptée à capter un signal électrique, un boîtier (61) muni de moyens d'alimentation (66) et de moyens de détection (67) du signal capté par ladite pointe de contact, caractérisé par au moins une prise de test (2, 20, 51) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6 comportant ladite pointe de contact.7. Electrical test apparatus (40, 61) for connection terminal (2, 21) of an electrical installation (Si, S) comprising at least one contact tip (10a, 10b; 25a, 25b; 54) intended for coming into contact with a test point (6a, 6b; 22a, 22b) of said terminal in contact with the electrical conductors (4a, 4b; 35a, 35b) of said electrical installation, said contact tip being adapted to pick up a signal electrical, a housing (61) provided with supply means (66) and detection means (67) of the signal picked up by said contact tip, characterized by at least one test socket (2, 20, 51) according to the any of claims 1 to 6 comprising said contact tip.
8. Appareillage de test selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier (61) comporte des moyens de mesure (70) du signal électrique capté par la pointe de contact de la prise. 8. Test apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the housing (61) comprises means for measuring (70) of the electrical signal picked up by the contact tip of the socket.
9. Appareillage de test selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier (61) comporte des moyens de connexion amovibles (33 ;62, 63) de la prise de test (20 , 50) .9. Test apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the housing (61) comprises removable connection means (33; 62, 63) of the test socket (20, 50).
10. Appareillage de test selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier (61) comporte des moyens émetteurs (68, 69) d'un signal représentatif du signal capté sur la pointe de contact (10a, 10b ; 25a, 25b ; 54) .10. Test apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the housing (61) comprises emitter means (68, 69) of a signal representative of the signal picked up on the contact tip (10a, 10b; 25a, 25b; 54).
11. Système de test comportant : un appareillage de test selon la revendication 10 comportant une prise de test selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6 ; et un boîtier récepteur (80) contenant des moyens récepteurs (82) adaptés à recevoir le signal représentatif émis par l'appareillage de test (40, 61).11. Test system comprising: a test apparatus according to claim 10 comprising a test socket according to any one of claims 1 to 6; and a receiver unit (80) containing receiver means (82) adapted to receive the representative signal emitted by the test apparatus (40, 61).
12. Système de test selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier récepteur (80) comporte des moyens (85) pour informer un opérateur du signal capté sur la pointe de contact.12. Test system according to claim 11, characterized in that the receiver unit (80) comprises means (85) for informing an operator of the signal picked up on the contact tip.
13. Système de test selon la revendication 11 ou 12, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier récepteur (80) comprend des moyens de traitement de données (83).13. Test system according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the receiver unit (80) comprises data processing means (83).
14. Système de test selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de traitement de données comprennent des moyens de mémoire contenant des données préenregistrées de comparaison et/ou susceptibles de contenir des données émises par l'appareillage de test. 14. Test system according to claim 13, characterized in that the data processing means comprise memory means containing prerecorded comparison data and / or capable of containing data transmitted by the test apparatus.
EP01903858A 2000-01-04 2001-01-03 Electric test connector, equipment and system using same Withdrawn EP1259828A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0000030A FR2803389B1 (en) 2000-01-04 2000-01-04 ELECTRIC TEST SOCKET, APPARATUS AND SYSTEM USING SAME
FR0000030 2000-01-04
PCT/FR2001/000013 WO2001050140A2 (en) 2000-01-04 2001-01-03 Electric test connector, equipment and system using same

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1259828A2 true EP1259828A2 (en) 2002-11-27

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AU (1) AU3182901A (en)
FR (1) FR2803389B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2001050140A2 (en)

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US7741806B2 (en) 2006-08-25 2010-06-22 Meridian Design, Inc. Magnetically attachable battery recharging
DE102015120229B4 (en) * 2015-11-23 2019-10-10 Phoenix Contact E-Mobility Gmbh Test terminal for shorting two contact elements of a connector part
CN109545623B (en) * 2018-12-28 2023-09-08 亚洲龙电气股份有限公司 Integrated industrial electromagnetic relay

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DE3338770C1 (en) * 1983-10-26 1985-05-15 Hans 8431 Mühlhausen Hackner Holding and scanning device for an electrical connector
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Also Published As

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WO2001050140A3 (en) 2002-03-14
WO2001050140A2 (en) 2001-07-12
FR2803389A1 (en) 2001-07-06
FR2803389B1 (en) 2002-06-14
AU3182901A (en) 2001-07-16

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