WO2015009060A1 - Thermochromic window - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a thermochromic window and, more specifically, to a thermochromic window for controlling solar light transmittance according to the temperature. To this end, the present invention provides a thermochromic window comprising: a substrate; and a thermochromic thin film formed on the substrate and formed of thermochromic materials, wherein the substrate contains a color correction pigment for correcting the reflection color of the thermochromic window.

Description

Thermochromic Window

The present invention relates to a thermochromic window, and more particularly, to a thermochromic window in which the transmittance of sunlight is adjusted according to temperature.

As the price of chemical energy sources such as petroleum soared recently, the necessity of developing new energy sources is increasing. In addition, the importance of energy saving technology is increasing. In fact, more than 60% of household energy consumption is spent on heating and cooling. Especially in homes and buildings, 24% of the energy is consumed through windows.

Accordingly, various efforts are being made to reduce the energy consumed through the windows by increasing the airtightness and insulation properties of the windows while maintaining the aesthetic and view characteristics of the building, which are the basic functions of the windows. The method of installing a heat insulation window, etc. are implemented.

The types of high insulation windows include an argon gas injection multilayer window that injects argon (Ar) gas into the multilayer glass to prevent heat exchange, a vacuum window that makes a vacuum between the multilayer glass, and a low-emission window. have. In addition, glass, which controls the energy inflow through sunlight by coating a layer having thermal properties on the window, is being studied.

In particular, low-emission glass has a thin coating of metal or metal oxide on the surface of the glass, allowing most of the visible light through the window to pass through to keep the room bright. Block out from the outside, and in summer, the heat outside the building to block the heating and cooling costs are effective. However, due to the characteristics of reflecting wavelengths other than the visible light, in particular, the infrared portion from the sun does not flow into the room, and in particular, the transmittance of solar light is not adjusted according to the season (temperature).

Thus, by coating a material having a thermochromic property on the glass, when the glass reaches a certain temperature or more, visible light enters, but near-infrared and infrared rays are blocked so that the room temperature does not rise, thereby improving cooling and heating energy efficiency. Various techniques for thermochromic windows that can be developed are being developed.

In particular, the phase transition temperature is close to the relatively practical temperature as 68 ℃, optical constants (n, k) is of value change increased permeability control is easier dioxide vanadium (VO ₂₎ a range of about Thermo electrochromic window was coated on a glass Research is ongoing.

Coating vanadium dioxide on a glass substrate changes the solar transmittance of the thermochromic window, especially in the near infrared region, before and after phase transition (30 ° C) and after phase transition (90 ° C), thereby cooling and heating energy efficiency in buildings, etc. Can improve.

On the other hand, vanadium dioxide-coated thermochromic window has a yellowish (yellowish) reflective color, when the thermochromic window is applied to building windows, there is a disadvantage that the beauty of the building falls.

The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, the object of the present invention is to provide a thermochromic window having a beautiful color.

To this end, the present invention is a thermochromic window formed on a substrate and a thermochromic thin film formed of a thermochromic material, the substrate is a color correction to correct the reflection color of the thermochromic window It provides a thermochromic window characterized by containing a pigment.

In addition, the present invention is a thermochromic window formed on a substrate and a thermochromic thin film formed of a thermochromic material, formed on at least one of the upper and lower surfaces of the substrate, the thermochromic Provided is a thermochromic window comprising a color correction thin film containing a color correction dye for correcting a reflection color of a window.

The present invention also provides a thermochromic window including a first substrate, a second substrate spaced apart from the first substrate, and a thermochromic thin film formed on the first substrate and made of a thermochromic material. At least one of the first substrate and the second substrate provides a thermochromic window, characterized in that it contains a color correction dye for correcting the reflection color of the thermochromic window.

The present invention also provides a thermochromic window including a first substrate, a second substrate spaced apart from the first substrate, and a thermochromic thin film formed on the first substrate and made of a thermochromic material. A color correction dye that is formed on at least one of an upper surface of the first substrate, a lower surface of the first substrate, an upper surface of the second substrate, and a lower surface of the second substrate, and corrects the reflection color of the thermochromic window. It provides a thermochromic window comprising a color correction thin film containing.

According to the present invention, there is provided a thermochromic window having a color that meets the needs of the consumer.

In addition, the thermal conductivity of the thermochromic window can be improved by the transparent conductive film.

In addition, the durability and reliability of the thermochromic window can be improved by the protective film.

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a thermochromic window according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a thermochromic window according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a thermochromic window according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a thermochromic window according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a graph showing the reflectance for each wavelength of the conventional thermochromic window.

6 is a graph showing the transmittance of a glass substrate containing a color correction pigment having a high absorption in the green wavelength region according to an embodiment of the present invention.

7 and 8 are graphs showing reflectance and transmittance for each wavelength of a thermochromic window including the glass substrate of FIG. 6.

Hereinafter, a thermochromic window according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In addition, in describing the present invention, when it is determined that a detailed description of a related known function or configuration may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a thermochromic window according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the thermochromic window according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include a substrate 110 containing a color correction dye 111 and a thermochromic thin film 120.

The substrate 110 is a substrate having a constant width and thickness of transparent or colored and coated with the thermochromic thin film 120 and the like.

When the thermochromic window according to the first embodiment of the present invention is used as a window of a building or the like, a soda-lime-based glass may be used as the substrate 110, and preferably, thermal or chemically strengthened glass. Glass can be used.

On the other hand, the substrate 110 contains a color correction pigment (111).

The color correction dye 111 controls the reflection color of the thermochromic window by absorbing light in a specific wavelength region. Meanwhile, in the present invention, absorbing light in a specific wavelength region means that the absorbance is higher than other regions in a specific wavelength region, and means that only a specific wavelength region is absorbed but not a wavelength in the other region. no. The wavelength region absorbed by the color correction dye 111 may be appropriately selected according to the color of the reflection color to be displayed by the thermochromic window.

For example, when the thermochromic window is used as a building window, the color correction pigment 111 may allow the thermochromic window to have a gray to blue reflection color. To this end, when the thermochromic thin film 120 is made of vanadium dioxide, the color correction dye 111 may be a light absorbing material that absorbs a wavelength in the region of 500 ~ 700nm. Alternatively, the color correction dye 111 may be a light absorbing material having a maximum absorption for a wavelength of 100 nm before and after the wavelength of the thermochromic window has a maximum reflectance.

Such color correction pigments include manganese dioxide, zinc oxide, lead monoxide, copper oxide, diantimony trioxide, diarsenic trioxide, Color correction pigments including at least one of barium oxide, nickel oxide, and cobalt oxide may be used.

The color correction dye 111 may be formed of a plurality of light absorbing materials absorbing different wavelength regions.

The thermochromic thin film 120 is formed on the substrate 110 and is made of a thermochromic material.

Thermochromic material is a material whose crystal structure changes due to a thermochromic phenomenon that is phase-transformed at a specific temperature (phase transition temperature), and thus the physical properties (electrical conductivity, infrared transmittance, etc.) change rapidly. It has the characteristic that the transmittance | permeability to reflectance changes. As a result, the thermochromic thin film can block the sun's heat in summer when the temperature is high, thereby reducing the building's cooling load and transmitting the sun's heat during the low temperature, thereby reducing the building's heating load. .

Preferably, the thermochromic material may consist of vanadium dioxide (VO ₂ ) having a relatively practical phase transition temperature of 68 ° C.

2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a thermochromic window according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, the thermochromic window according to the second embodiment of the present invention may include a substrate 210, a color correction thin film 220, and a thermochromic thin film 230.

The substrate 210 is a substrate having a predetermined width and thickness of transparent or colored and coated with the color correction thin film 220 and the thermochromic thin film 230.

When the thermochromic window according to the second embodiment of the present invention is used as a window of a building or the like, soda-lime-based glass may be used as the substrate 210, and preferably, thermal or chemically strengthened glass. Glass can be used.

The color correcting thin film 220 is formed on at least one of the upper and lower surfaces of the substrate 210 and contains a color correction dye 221 for correcting the reflection color of the thermochromic window.

The color correcting thin film 220 absorbs light of a specific wavelength region by the color correcting dye 221, thereby controlling the color of reflection of the thermochromic window. The wavelength region absorbed by the color correction thin film 220 may be appropriately selected according to the color of the reflection color to be displayed by the thermochromic window.

For example, when the thermochromic window is used as a building window, the color correction thin film 220 may allow the thermochromic window to have a gray to blue reflection color. To this end, when the thermochromic thin film 230 is made of vanadium dioxide, the color correction dye 221 contained in the color correction thin film 220 includes a light absorbing material that absorbs a wavelength in the region of 500 to 700 nm. Can be. Alternatively, the color correction dye 221 contained in the color correction thin film 220 may use a light absorbing material having a maximum absorption for a wavelength in the range of 100 nm before and after the wavelength of the thermochromic window having the maximum reflectance. have. That is, the absorbance for the wavelength in the range before and after 100 nm based on the wavelength at which the thermochromic window has the maximum reflectance will be greater than the absorption for the wavelength in the range before and after 100 nm based on the other wavelengths.

The color correction dye 221 contained in the color correction thin film 220 may be formed of a plurality of light absorbing materials absorbing different wavelength ranges.

The thermochromic thin film 230 is formed on the substrate 210 and is made of a thermochromic material. Since the thermochromic thin film 230 is the same as the thermochromic thin film 120 according to the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.

3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a thermochromic window according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 3, the thermochromic window according to the third embodiment of the present invention may include a first substrate 310, a second substrate 320, and a thermochromic thin film 330. .

The first substrate 310 and the second substrate 320 are transparent or colored substrates having a predetermined width and thickness and are spaced apart from each other.

When the thermochromic window according to the third embodiment of the present invention is used as a window of a building or the like, soda-lime glass may be used for the first substrate 310 and the second substrate 320. Thermally or chemically strengthened glass may be used.

A spacer (not shown) may be disposed between the first substrate 310 and the second substrate 320 to maintain a gap between the first substrate 310 and the second substrate 320.

Edge portions of the first substrate 310 and the second substrate 320 are bonded and sealed to each other to form a space therein. The space may be in a vacuum or infused with argon gas. Since the thermochromic window is made of a multilayer structure as described above, it may have excellent sound insulation, windproof, and heat dissipation characteristics.

On the other hand, at least one of the first substrate 310 and the second substrate 320 contains a color correction dye 311 for correcting the reflection color of the thermochromic window. Since the color correction dye 311 is the same as the color correction dye 111 in the above-described first embodiment, description thereof will be omitted.

The thermochromic thin film 330 is formed on the first substrate 310 and is made of a thermochromic material. Since the thermochromic thin film 330 is the same as the thermochromic thin film 120 described in the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.

4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a thermochromic window according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4, the thermochromic window according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention includes a first substrate 410, a second substrate 420, a color correction thin film 430, and a thermochromic thin film 440. It can be made, including).

When the thermochromic window according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is used as a window of a building or the like, soda-lime glass may be used for the first substrate 410 and the second substrate 420. Thermally or chemically strengthened glass may be used.

A spacer may be disposed between the first substrate 410 and the second substrate 420 to maintain a gap between the first substrate 410 and the second substrate 420.

Edge portions of the first substrate 410 and the second substrate 420 are bonded and sealed to each other to form a space therein. The space may be in a vacuum or infused with argon gas. Since the thermochromic window is made of a multilayer structure as described above, it may have excellent sound insulation, windproof, and heat dissipation characteristics.

The color correction thin film 430 is formed on at least one of an upper surface of the first substrate 410, a lower surface of the first substrate 410, an upper surface of the second substrate 420, and a lower surface of the second substrate 420. And a color correction dye 431 for correcting the reflection color of the thermochromic window. Since the color correction thin film 430 is the same as the color correction thin film 220 in the above-described second embodiment, description thereof will be omitted.

The thermochromic thin film 440 is formed on the first substrate 410 and is made of a thermochromic material. Since the thermochromic thin film 440 is the same as the thermochromic thin film 120 according to the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.

In addition, the thermochromic window according to the first to fourth embodiments of the present invention may further include a diffusion barrier (not shown) formed on the lower surface of the thermochromic thin films 120, 230, 330, and 440. have.

The diffusion barrier may serve as a diffusion barrier that prevents ions in the substrates 110, 210, 310, and 410 from diffusing into the thermochromic thin films 120, 230, 330, and 440. In general, the process of forming a thermochromic thin film is performed at a high temperature. When the thermochromic thin film is directly coated on a substrate, the thermochromic thin film is diffused into a thermochromic thin film coated with ions in the substrate. You lose your talent. In particular, when the substrate is a soda-lime glass, sodium (Na) ions in the glass is sodium diffusion into the thermochromic thin film. Accordingly, by forming a diffusion barrier between the substrates 110, 210, 310, and 410 and the thermochromic thin films 120, 230, 330, and 440, the ions in the substrates 110, 210, 310, and 410 are transferred to the thermochromic thin film. It is possible to prevent the thermochromic thin film from losing its thermochromic properties by blocking diffusion to the 120, 230, 330, and 440.

Such diffusion barriers include oxides of any one of Si, Ti, Zn, Nb, Sn, and Zr or nitrides of Si or Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), Zinc Oxide (ZnO), Fluorine doped Tin Oxide (FTO), and AZO ( Alumina doped Zinc Oxide (ITiO), Titanium-doped Indium Oxide (ITiO), and may be made of any one material of Ga doped Zinc Oxide (GZO).

In addition, the thermochromic window according to the first to fourth embodiments of the present invention further includes a transparent conductive film (not shown) formed on the upper surfaces of the thermochromic thin films 120, 230, 330, and 440. can do.

The transparent conductive film increases the reflectance of the thermochromic window to the long wavelength infrared (2500 ~ 4000nm), thereby lowering the shielding coefficient to minimize the loss of heating heat in winter.

Preferably, the transparent conductive film will have an emissivity of 0.3 or less, indium tin oxide (ITO), zinc oxide (ZnO), fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO), aluminum doped zinc oxide (AZO), and titanium-doped indium oxide (ITiO). ) And GZO (Ga doped Zinc Oxide).

In addition, the transparent conductive film is preferably formed to a thickness of 100 nm or more.

In addition, the thermochromic window according to the first to fourth embodiments of the present invention is formed on the top of the thermochromic window to protect the thermochromic thin film (120, 230, 330, 440) from moisture and oxygen A protective film (not shown) may be further included.

When the thermochromic window is exposed to the external environment, moisture and oxygen can affect the thermochromic thin films 120, 230, 330, and 440 to oxidize the thermochromic material, thereby causing the thermochromic material to You may lose the chromic properties. Accordingly, by forming a protective film on the top of the thermochromic window to block the penetration of moisture and oxygen into the thermochromic thin film (120, 230, 330, 440), it is possible to improve the durability or reliability of the thermochromic window will be.

Such a protective film may be made of Al ₂ O ₃ , SiO ₂ , SiNx, SiON, Si ₃ N ₄ , or ZnO.

In addition, in the thermochromic windows according to the first to fourth embodiments of the present invention, the thermochromic thin films 120, 230, 330, and 440 have phase transitions of the thermochromic thin films 120, 230, 330, and 440. Dopants may be doped to control the temperature.

As the dopant to be doped, at least one of Mo, W, Nb, Ta, Fe, Al, Ti, Sn, and Ni may be used.

Preferably, in the thermochromic windows according to the first to fourth embodiments of the present invention, the a * value in the CIE L * a * b * color coordinates has a value of -10 or more and 10 or less, and the b * value It will have a reflection color with a value between -20 and 10.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing reflectivity of each thermochromic window composed of a conventional glass substrate / TiO ₂ thin film (60 nm) / VO ₂ thin film (60 nm) / Al ₂ O ₃ thin film (20 nm). ] Is a table showing its transmission color and reflection color in CIE L * a * b * color coordinates.

color	Transmission color	Reflection color
L *	74.49	52.75
a *	1.60	-22.91
b *	23.17	1.88

As shown in FIG. 5 and Table 1, in the conventional thermochromic window, the transmission color has a * value of 1.60, b * value of 23.17, yellow to light green, and reflection color of a *. The value is -22.91 and the b * value is 1.88. That is, the conventional thermochromic window does not have a color suitable for the transmission color and reflection color to be used as architectural windows.

6 is a high absorption rate of the manganese oxide (Manganese dioxide), zinc oxide (Zinc oxide), lead monoxide (Lead monoxide), copper oxide (copper oxide), antimony trioxide in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention Transmittance of Glass Substrate Containing Color Correction Pigments Including at least One Component of Diantimony trioxide, Diarsenic trioxide, Barium Oxide, Nickel Oxide, and Cobalt Oxide 7 and 8 are graphs showing reflectance and transmittance for each wavelength of a thermochromic window composed of the glass substrate, TiO ₂ thin film, VO ₂ thin film, ITO thin film, and Al ₂ O ₃ thin film of FIG. Table 2] is a table showing the transmission color and the reflection color in CIE L * a * b * color coordinates.

color	Transmission color	Reflection color
L *	53.04	33.92
a *	-4.33	-8.33
b *	6.20	-7.64

As shown in FIG. 6, it can be seen that the glass substrate containing the color correction pigment having high absorption in the green wavelength region has a low transmittance in the wavelength region of about 500 to 700 nm. By constructing the thermochromic window using such a glass substrate, the glass substrate absorbs the high reflection wavelength of the green region of the conventional thermochromic window, so that the thermochromic window has a blue-based reflection color. have. This can also be confirmed through FIG. 7 and [Table 2].

In addition, as shown in FIG. 8 and Table 2, it can be seen that the color of the color correction pigment can control not only the reflection color of the thermochromic window but also the transmission color.

As described above, although the present invention has been described with reference to the limited embodiments and the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains various modifications and variations from such descriptions. This is possible.

Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the described embodiments, but should be determined not only by the claims below but also by the equivalents of the claims.

Claims (19)

1. A thermochromic window formed on a substrate and comprising a thermochromic thin film formed of a thermochromic material,
   And the substrate contains a color correction dye for correcting the reflection color of the thermochromic window.
2. A thermochromic window formed on a substrate and comprising a thermochromic thin film formed of a thermochromic material,
   And a color correction thin film formed on at least one of an upper surface and a lower surface of the substrate, the color correction thin film containing a color correction dye for correcting the reflection color of the thermochromic window.
3. A thermochromic window comprising a first substrate, a second substrate spaced apart from the first substrate, and a thermochromic thin film formed on the first substrate and made of a thermochromic material.
   And at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate contains a color correction dye for correcting the reflection color of the thermochromic window.
4. A thermochromic window comprising a first substrate, a second substrate spaced apart from the first substrate, and a thermochromic thin film formed on the first substrate and made of a thermochromic material.
   A color correction dye that is formed on at least one of an upper surface of the first substrate, a lower surface of the first substrate, an upper surface of the second substrate, and a lower surface of the second substrate, and corrects the reflection color of the thermochromic window. Thermochromic window comprising a color correction thin film containing a.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
   The color correction pigment is a thermochromic window, characterized in that consisting of a plurality of light absorbing material absorbing different wavelength ranges.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
   And the thermochromic material is vanadium dioxide.
7. The method of claim 6,
   The color correction pigment thermochromic window, characterized in that it comprises a light absorbing material that absorbs a wavelength in the 500 ~ 700nm region.
8. The method of claim 6,
   The color correction pigment is a thermochromic window, characterized in that the absorption for the wavelength of 100 nm before and after the maximum wavelength based on the wavelength having the maximum reflectance of the maximum.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
   And a diffusion barrier layer formed on the bottom surface of the thermochromic thin film.
10. The method of claim 9,
    The diffusion barrier layer is an oxide of any one of Si, Ti, Zn, Nb, Sn, and Zr, nitride of Si, Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), Zinc Oxide (ZnO), Fluorine doped Tin Oxide (FTO), and AZO (Alumina). A thermochromic window comprising any one of doped Zinc Oxide (ITiO), Titanium-doped Indium Oxide (ITiO), and Ga doped Zinc Oxide (GZO).
11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    And a transparent conductive film formed on an upper surface of the thermochromic thin film.
12. The method of claim 11,
    The transparent conductive film is a thermochromic window, characterized in that having an emissivity of 0.3 or less.
13. The method of claim 11,
    The transparent conductive film is a thermochromic window comprising any one of ITO, ZnO, FTO, AZO, ITiO, and GZO.
14. The method of claim 11,
    The thickness of the transparent conductive film is a thermochromic window, characterized in that 100nm or more.
15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    And a protective layer formed on an uppermost portion of the thermochromic window to protect the thermochromic thin film from moisture and oxygen.
16. The method of claim 15,
    The protective film is a thermochromic window, characterized in that made of any one material of Al ₂ O ₃ , SiO ₂ , SiNx, SiON, Si ₃ N ₄ , and ZnO.
17. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    The thermochromic window, characterized in that the dopant is doped to the thermochromic thin film.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein
    Wherein the dopant is at least one of Mo, W, Nb, Ta, Fe, Al, Ti, Sn, and Ni.
19. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    The reflective color of the thermochromic window is characterized in that the a * value in the CIE L * a * b * color coordinates has a value of -10 or more and 10 or less, and the b * value has a value of -20 or more and 10 or less. Thermochromic window.

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