WO2015000755A1 - Continuous conveyor belt or format belt and method for producing a continuous conveyor belt or format belt - Google Patents

Continuous conveyor belt or format belt and method for producing a continuous conveyor belt or format belt Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015000755A1
WO2015000755A1 PCT/EP2014/063354 EP2014063354W WO2015000755A1 WO 2015000755 A1 WO2015000755 A1 WO 2015000755A1 EP 2014063354 W EP2014063354 W EP 2014063354W WO 2015000755 A1 WO2015000755 A1 WO 2015000755A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
format
transport
endless transport
laser beam
powder
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/063354
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Thomas BECKH
Rainer Martin
Original Assignee
Max Schlatterer Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Max Schlatterer Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Max Schlatterer Gmbh & Co. Kg
Publication of WO2015000755A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015000755A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/295—Heating elements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
    • A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
    • A24C5/14—Machines of the continuous-rod type
    • A24C5/18—Forming the rod
    • A24C5/1857—Belt construction or driving means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an endless transport or format ⁇ band, which has at least one KunststoffStoffmaterial. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing an endless transport or format strip.
  • transport or format tapes which have delicate structures, which means, for example transport or format strips with holes, recesses, bumps, but also with textile structures such as woven structures or mesh structures, considerably easier and less expensive to produce than with the known methods, as in contrast to the example produced by means of weaving technology
  • Structures can be generated by means of generative manufacturing processes, for example by means of selective laser sintering or 3D printing, almost freely formable geometries.
  • Transport or format bands can be provided that on at least one surface of the endless transport or format strip at least one recess and / or at least one survey and / or at least one extending through the endless transport or format tape breakthrough is vorgese ⁇ hen.
  • Such recesses and / or elevations and in particular by the endless transport or format tape ver ⁇ ongoing breakthroughs are generative Heinrichsver ⁇ drive such as selective laser sintering or 3D printing very easy to produce what the cost of the endless transport or format tape over known solutions essential reduced.
  • the depressions, elevations and / or breakthroughs can be much freer than before be designed.
  • the size and shape of the openings which determine the air permeability and the retention properties for the tobacco, can be influenced to a much greater extent than heretofore.
  • serving to entrain the tobacco for example ⁇ formed by the surveys ribs can be adapted to the requirements in a very simple manner, which previously represented by means of weaving a very high cost.
  • warp threads are incorporated into the endless transport or format belt . Since the warp threads, which are preferably produced conventionally, ie not by means of an additive manufacturing process, usually run in the direction of the main load of the transport or format strip or in the direction of pulling, they can substantially contribute to an increase in the strength of the transport or format belt .
  • a generative manufacturing process, such as selective laser sintering or 3D printing is ge ⁇ according to the invention for the production of an endless transport or format tape used to the production of endless transport or format tape simplify and thus reduce its manufacturing costs.
  • the substrate is rotated during the application of the powder and during the laser beam by means of the guided ⁇ presence or melting of the powder.
  • a laser beam generating Laserstrahlerzeu ⁇ restriction device is moved relative to the axis of rotation of the support, so the endless transport or format tape may simultaneously with the generation of its length, the yes thereof in an endless transport or garniture tape with circular Anord ⁇ voltage the periphery
  • the thickness of the endless transport or format tape can be made in a very simple manner.
  • the laser beam may be deflected in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the pad so as to produce the thickness of the endless transport or format tape. This makes it possible to dispense with a shift of the entire laser beam generating device.
  • the height of the powder is reduced on the substrate by means of a stripping before melting or melting by means of the laser beam , By this stripping of the Excess powder is thus prevented that certain layers of the powder are not on or melted, resulting in a process-reliable production of fiction, ⁇ contemporary endless transport or format strip.
  • the powder is heated by the laser beam before it starts or melts. This ensures that the switch the powder or aufschmel ⁇ collapsing laser beam melts the respective layer in a reliable manner since only a ge ⁇ rings thermal energy must be ⁇ introduced by the laser beam in this case. This ensures a reliable and fast implementation of the method.
  • the plastic is applied during 3D printing for the production of undercuts and / or depressions and / or breakthroughs and later washed out. In this way, undercuts and / or depressions and / or breakthroughs can be produced in a simple manner.
  • warp threads are incorporated into the endless transport or format strip, the strength of the endless transport or format strip produced by the method according to the invention can be improved.
  • An apparatus for producing a transport or format strip according to the invention is specified in claim 11.
  • the novel process for the production of endless transport or format bands can perform in a very simple and yet reli ⁇ transparent manner to produce endless transport or the inventive format tape.
  • the device for producing the endless transport or format strip by means of a generative manufacturing process comprises a powder feeder, a Laserstrahlerzeu ⁇ supply device and a base for receiving the powder.
  • the pad is formed as a ring with a substantially U-shaped cross-section.
  • a pad designed in the form of a ring is particularly advantageous for the endless transport or format strip, which is also formed in a ring shape and which is produced by means of the device.
  • the base is rotatably ge ⁇ superimposed, as can be rotated in this manner, the pad relative to the laser beam generating means and thereby Toggle The spa located in the base powder or melted is.
  • the laser emitter generating device in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the Unterläge extending direction is.
  • the pad has a heater for heating the powder.
  • the integration of the heating device in the base allows a particularly direct and thereby associated with a low Ener ⁇ gienic heating of the powder so that only a relatively small amount of energy has to be introduced into the powder by the laser beam to melt the same on or off.
  • a device for feeding a warp thread to the device for producing the endless can also be provided
  • Transport or format bands can be provided by means of a generative pro ⁇ processing method.
  • Fig. 1 is a very schematic plan view of a first
  • Fig. 2 is a very schematic side view of a second
  • Fig. 3 is a plan view of an embodiment of a device according to the invention for producing an endless transport or format strip
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of the front ⁇ direction of FIG. 3.
  • Fig. 5 is a section along the line V-V of Fig. 4;
  • Device 6 is a plan view of a further embodiment ei ⁇ ner according to the invention.
  • FIG. 7 shows a side view of a further embodiment of a device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic section through a further embodiment of the endless transport or format strip according to the invention
  • Figure 9 is a schematic section through a further form of the exporting ⁇ approximately endless transport format or tape of the invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a plan view of another embodiment of the invention endless transport or format tape.
  • Fig. 1 shows a plan view of an endless transport or format bands 1 made of a KunststoffStoffmaterial, which is formed in the off ⁇ management form of Fig. 1 as a so-called suction belt, for example, used to transport tobacco ⁇ who can. Therefore, the transport or format tape 1 after ⁇ following only referred to as conveyor belt 1.
  • the endless conveyor belt 1 has a plurality of openings 2, which extend in the present case through the entire thickness of the conveyor belt 1.
  • the openings 2 may of course also deviate from the illustrated circular shape and in principle have any shape.
  • the air permeability of the conveyor belt 1 can be made a ⁇ to suck in the case of use as a suction belt, the tobacco through the openings 2 to the same.
  • the conveyor belt 1 is, as mentioned, formed as an endless belt from ⁇ , ie it has a ring shape and is preferential ⁇ example prepared without a seam, ie, it has no seam on in this case. Since the conveyor belt 1 is made of an elastic synthetic material, however, the annular shape thereof is variable and can not be adapted to the size and position of the be adapted transport rollers or the like.
  • a second embodiment ⁇ form of endless transport or format bands or transport ⁇ bands 1 is shown in a side view.
  • the conveyor belt 1 on its two surfaces on respective recesses 3 and 4 surveys.
  • the number and positions of the apertures 2, the recesses 3 and the elevations 4 shown in Figures 2 and 3 are to be regarded as exemplary only and they can be adapted to the respective requirements.
  • the recesses 3 may for example be designed as over the entire length and / or the entire width of the conveyor belt 1 extending grooves.
  • the endless conveyor belt 1 can also be used for other transport purposes.
  • food can also be transported with the endless conveyor belt 1.
  • the endless conveyor belt one could ever ⁇ but used as a weighing belt in scales and the like.
  • elevations 4 the roughness of the conveyor belt 1 can be increased so that it can be used both as a suction belt and as a format belt in the tobacco industry.
  • the place, the shape and the size of the Elevations 4 can on the specific application and / or on the nature be adapted to proces ⁇ Tenden of the respective tobacco.
  • the endless conveyor belt 1 according to the Figures 1 and 2, preferably as explained a structure, that is, for example, the through-holes 2 and / or the recesses 3 and / or the protrusions 4, which can by means of a generative Ferti ⁇ off procedure, in particular by means of selective Laser sintering or 3D printing, are produced, which will be explained in more detail below.
  • a powdered starting material in the present case a plastic material, such as thermoplastic polyurethane, PEEK or polyamide
  • the endless transport or format tape 1 with the openings 2, 3 Vertie ⁇ tions and / or surveys 4, ie with a basically arbitrary spatial structure or with a three-dimensional geometry, which may also have undercuts manufactured.
  • the endless transport or format strip 1 is built up layer by layer by the melting or melting of the powder by means of a laser beam.
  • the introduced by the laser beam in the powder ⁇ energy is absorbed by the powder, whereby individual powder particles sinter localized or merge.
  • the powder particles are only partially melted, but it is also a complete melting of the same possible.
  • the laser beam is controlled in such a way that the powder layers are fused or melted in the desired manner in order to achieve the desired effect desired structure of the transport or format tape 1 to he witness ⁇ .
  • 3D printing an unillustrated 3D printer can be carried out with, for example, the sub-process of the stereo ⁇ lithography, the Digital Light Processing (Digital Light Processing), the poly et modeling as well as of fused deposition modeling. It can beispielswei ⁇ se for generating the openings 2, the recesses 3 and possibly, not shown undercuts be provided that in the respective opening 2, the respective recess 3 and the respective undercut missing material is not melted. When removing the transport or format strip 1 from the mold or from the work ⁇ stuff then falls out of the unmelted material and forms the opening 2, the wells 3 and the undercut. When 3D printing can also be applied for the production of the openings 2, the wells 3 and the undercuts, not shown, and later washed from ⁇ .
  • a device 5 is shown as an example to which the method for producing the endlo ⁇ sen transport format or strip 1 can be performed.
  • the device 5 comprises means for producing the endless transport format or strip 1 by means of a genera ⁇ tive manufacturing process, for example by means of selective laser sintering, 3D printing or on or is designed as such a device.
  • the device 5 for producing the endless transport or format strip 1 according to the embodiment of FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 has a powder feed device 6, a support 7 for receiving the powder supplied by the powder feed device 6 and a laser beam generating device 8 which is shown in FIG is able to produce a laser beam and to direct it to the desired manner on to the lower layer 7 ⁇ exploiting Dende powder.
  • the Laserstrahlerzeu ⁇ restriction device 8 with which the laser beam is generated may be, for example, a CC> 2 laser, an Nd: having YAG laser or a fiber laser, indicated in Figures 3 and 4 by the reference numeral 8a.
  • the lower ⁇ position 7 is formed as a ring or annular and has, as can be seen in the section of Fig. 5, a recess 9, which has a substantially U-shaped cross-section and which serves to receive the powdery material from which the transport or format strip 1 is produced.
  • the Pul ⁇ verzu slaughter 6 carries the powder to the recess 9 of the pad.
  • the base 7 is mounted to an indicated in Fig. 3, perpendicular to the plane of the rotational axis 7a rotatable and may be particularly so- ⁇ rotates, the powder in the concavity 9 of the substrate 7 is conveyed to the laser beam generating means 8.
  • the pad 7 is driven by a very schematically indicated electric motor 10, which is preferably designed as a servomotor.
  • the pad 7 has in the illustrated embodiment of Weite ⁇ ren a arranged on its outer circumference magnetic tape 11, which is associated with a pickup 12 so that the position n mich of the pad 7 accurately controlled and thereby can be controlled by ⁇ means of a control device, not shown.
  • a Abrasi Tooth gear 13 is provided, with which the height of the powder on the substrate 7 or in the Vertie ⁇ Fung 9 can be reduced. As a result, an exact height of the powder layer on the base 7 is ensured.
  • a certain thickness of the powder is melted or fused with ⁇ means of the laser beam generated by the laser beam generating device 8.
  • the melted layer thickness can be for example 0.05 to 0.1 mm.
  • the rotational movement of the base 7 about the axis of rotation 7a in the present case thus represents the advancement of the powder in the circumferential direction of the transport or format strip 1, ie in the direction of the length of the resulting transport or format strip 1.
  • the advance in the thickness direction of FIG produce the transport or format bands 1 is achieved in the present case, characterized in that the laser beam generating means or the laser 8a in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation 7a of the pad 7 extending direction is movable.
  • the feed can be achieved in that the laser 8a in principle parallel to the feed generated by the rotation of the pad 7 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation 7a of the pad 7 direction, ie in the radial direction relative to the pad. 7 , can be moved.
  • the laser beam generating device 8 has a vertical carriage 14, on which in turn a horizontal carriage 15 is mounted.
  • the term “vertical carriage 14” means that the laser 8a attached to the carriage 14 is movable in the vertical direction.
  • horizontal carriage 15 means that the vertical carriage 14 mounted on the horizontal carriage 15 is movable in the horizontal direction.
  • a movement of the vertical carriage 14 on the horizontal slide 15 thus allows the described movement of the laser 8a in the direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation 7a of the pad 7 extending direction. Movement of the laser 8a along the vertical carriage 14 allows movement of the laser 8a towards or away from the pad 7. By such a displacement of the laser 8a along the vertical carriage 14, the focal plane of the output from the laser beam generating device 8 and the laser 8a laser beam can be adjusted. Of course, it is also possible to move the base 7 relative to the possibly fixed in this case laser beam generating device 8.
  • the laser beam is deflected in the direction that runs essentially perpendicular to the axis of rotation 7a of the base 7.
  • the deflection of the laser beam can ⁇ SUC gene in this case ⁇ play by means of a mirror, not shown.
  • a heating device 16 is further shown, which is integrated in the present case in the Unterla ⁇ ge 7 and adjacent to the recess 9 is arranged.
  • the heater 16 may have arranged in a suitable insulating material heating loops on ⁇ , which are acted upon, for example, with power and operate in the form of a resistance heater.
  • the region of the base 7 surrounding the recess 9 of the base 7 and constituting an insulation can be made of ceramic.
  • Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment of the device 5 for producing the endless transport or format strip 1.
  • the base 7 is again provided, which may have the recess 9 for receiving the powder.
  • the support 7 is in the device 5 of FIG. 6 and rigidly le ⁇ diglich only very schematically indicated laser beam generating means 8 can be moved along a desired path.
  • the endless transport or format strip 1 is produced in particular meander-shaped.
  • the endless trans ⁇ port or format tape 1 on a very small area Herge ⁇ provides.
  • Herge ⁇ due to the elasticity of the finished transport ⁇ or format tape 1 in the same is Herge ⁇ , the shape plays no role.
  • the base 7 could also be designed to be movable and the laser emitters could be generated.
  • device 8 be rigid.
  • Fig. 7 shows a plan view of a further embodiment of the device 5 for the production of the endless conveyor belt 1.
  • the apparatus comprises a ⁇ A device 17 for supplying the warp threads 18 and a warp yarn 18.
  • the warp yarns 18, which can be integrated by means of the genera ⁇ tive manufacturing process in the transport or garniture tape 1 can be the stiffness of the transport format or strip 1, in particular in the longitudinal direction thereof, substantially increase.
  • the means 17 has in this case a drum 19 from which the warp threads are processed 18, and a guide element 20 which ensures there ⁇ for that the warp threads pass 18 in the desired manner to the substrate 7 on which the transport or format ⁇ band 1 is produced with the warp threads 18 incorporated therein.
  • the base 7 is also executed in the illustrated embodiment ⁇ form in the manner of a drum on which the warp threads 18 are wound and on which then the transport or format strip 1 is produced by means of the generative Fer ⁇ treatment method.
  • the axis of rotation 7a of the pad 7 extends in the horizontal direction, but it would also be possible to align the pad 7 in a horizontal plane, so that the axis of rotation 7a analogous to the embodiment of Fig. 3 in the vertical direction.
  • the warp yarns 18 are preferably made before OWNER ⁇ union production of the endless transport or format tape 1, which is carried out as described above by a generative manufacturing ⁇ procedure as selective laser sintering or 3D printing and the method of selectively Lasersin- terns or of 3D printing in the endless transport or For ⁇ matband 1 integrated.
  • they are supplied in the case of Vorhan ⁇ denseins the pad 7 of the same as above and can then be covered with the powder material.
  • the warp yarns 18 can also use a geeig ⁇ Neten material, for example a plastic material, be ⁇ layered be, which is melted by the laser beam in order to obtain a connection to the supplied through the Pulverzu Siliconein- device 6 powder.
  • a geeig ⁇ Neten material for example a plastic material, be ⁇ layered be, which is melted by the laser beam in order to obtain a connection to the supplied through the Pulverzu Siliconein- device 6 powder.
  • the warp threads 18 slightly over the surface of the transport or format strip 1 on. Characterized is produced on the surface of the end ⁇ non-transport or format tape 1 a certain unevenness for transporting the diverse Mate can be used.
  • an endless belt 1 shown in section in FIG. 9 can be used as a suction belt for transporting tobacco or as a format belt for producing tobacco products.
  • Fig. 10 shows a plan view of another execution ⁇ form of transport or format tape 1.
  • the warp threads are again shown 18 with the warp yarns 18 in the manner of webs extending in the transverse direction, melted, for example by means of laser sintering powder Mate ⁇ rial are connected.
  • This results in a kind Lei ⁇ ter Geneva in which the molten powder material forms a kind of weft threads running in the present case only one side of the warp threads 18th
  • any material can be used which is otherwise also used in suction belts or format belts. So natural materials such as cotton or linen are conceivable, so the
  • Transport or format tape 1 is not necessarily completely completeness ⁇ dig of a KunststoffStoffmaterial.
  • the production of Warp threads 18 can be made in a conventional manner, ie without the use of a generative manufacturing process.
  • a further possibility of use of the generative Ferti ⁇ off procedure, in particular the selective laser sintering or 3D Printing, is that, in the quasi-continuous production of transport or format belts 1 of warp and weft threads in the connecting region through the non-existent possibility the weft threads around the entire circumference of the
  • a generative manufacturing process such as selective laser sintering or 3D printing.
  • ge ⁇ gap closed by means of selective laser sintering, 3D printing or for format bands for producing cigarette mono- is set zbar.

Abstract

The invention relates to a continuous conveyor belt or format belt (1) which comprises at least one plastic material and is produced at least partially by means of an additive manufacturing method, in particular by means of selective laser sintering or 3-D printing.

Description

Endloses Transport- oder Formatband und Verfahren zur Her¬ stellung eines endlosen Transport- oder Formatbands Endless garniture tape or transport and process for the preparation ¬ position of an endless transport belt or Format
Die Erfindung betrifft ein endloses Transport- oder Format¬ band, welches mindestens ein KunstStoffmaterial aufweist. Des Weiteren betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines endlosen Transport- oder Formatbands . The invention relates to an endless transport or format ¬ band, which has at least one KunstStoffmaterial. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing an endless transport or format strip.
Aus dem allgemeinen Stand der Technik sind die unterschied¬ lichsten Ausführungsformen solcher Transport- oder Formatbänder bekannt. Nur beispielhaft wird in diesem Zusammenhang auf die DE 17 56 660 AI, die DE 37 42 183 Cl, die DE 197 32 196 AI oder die DE 199 09 031 AI verwiesen. From the general prior art, the difference ¬ lichsten embodiments of such transport format or bands are known. For example only, reference is made in this connection to DE 17 56 660 A1, DE 37 42 183 C1, DE 197 32 196 A1 or DE 199 09 031 A1.
Insbesondere wenn diese endlosen Transportbänder, wie beispielsweise im Falle von Saugbändern zum Transport von Ta¬ bak, eine recht aufwändige Struktur aufweisen, ist deren Herstellung meist mit einem hohen Aufwand verbunden, was die Herstellungskosten dieser Bänder zum Teil erheblich erhöht. In particular, if these endless conveyor belts, such as in the case of suction belts for transporting Ta ¬ bak, have a rather complex structure, their production is usually associated with a lot of effort, which increases the cost of these bands in some cases considerably.
Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein endloses Transport- oder Formatband sowie ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines endlosen Transport- oder Formatbands zu schaffen, die einen geringeren Aufwand als bekannte Lösungen erfordern. Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die in Anspruch 1 genannten Merkmale gelöst. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an endless transport or format tape and a method and apparatus for producing an endless transport or format tape, which require less effort than known solutions. According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features mentioned in claim 1.
Durch die Herstellung des endlosen Transport- oder Formatbands mittels eines generativen Fertigungsverfahrens, insbe¬ sondere mittels selektivem Lasersintern oder 3D-Druck, können insbesondere Transport- oder Formatbänder, die filigrane Strukturen aufweisen, also beispielsweise Transport- oder Formatbänder mit Löchern, Vertiefungen, Erhebungen, aber auch mit textilen Strukturen wie Webstrukturen oder Maschenstrukturen, erheblich einfacher und kostengünstiger als mit den bekannten Verfahren hergestellt werden, da im Gegensatz zu den beispielsweise mittels Webtechnik hergestellten By manufacturing the endless transport or format bands by means of a generative production process, in particular ¬ sondere by means of selective laser sintering or 3D Printing, can in particular transport or format tapes which have delicate structures, which means, for example transport or format strips with holes, recesses, bumps, but also with textile structures such as woven structures or mesh structures, considerably easier and less expensive to produce than with the known methods, as in contrast to the example produced by means of weaving technology
Strukturen mittels generativer Fertigungsverfahren, zum Beispiel mittels selektivem Lasersintern oder 3D-Druck, annähernd frei formbare Geometrien erzeugt werden können. Structures can be generated by means of generative manufacturing processes, for example by means of selective laser sintering or 3D printing, almost freely formable geometries.
In einer sehr vorteilhaften Weiterbildung des endlosen In a very advantageous development of the endless
Transport- oder Formatbands kann vorgesehen sein, dass auf wenigstens einer Oberfläche des endlosen Transport- oder Formatbands wenigstens eine Vertiefung und/oder wenigstens eine Erhebung und/oder wenigstens ein durch das endlose Transport- oder Formatband verlaufender Durchbruch vorgese¬ hen ist. Solche Vertiefungen und/oder Erhebungen sowie insbesondere durch das endlose Transport- oder Formatband ver¬ laufende Durchbrüche sind mittels generativer Fertigungsver¬ fahren wie selektivem Lasersintern oder 3D-Druck sehr einfach erzeugbar, was die Herstellungskosten für das endlose Transport- oder Formatband gegenüber bekannten Lösungen wesentlich verringert. Des Weiteren können die Vertiefungen, Erhebungen und/oder Durchbrüche sehr viel freier als bislang gestaltet werden. Beispielsweise bedeutet dies im Falle von Saugbändern zum Transport von Tabak, dass die Größe und die Form der Durchbrüche, welche die Luftdurchlässigkeit und die Rückhalteeigenschaften für den Tabak bestimmen, in erheblich größerem Maße als bislang beeinflusst werden können. Des Weiteren können zur Mitnahme des Tabaks dienende, beispiels¬ weise durch die Erhebungen gebildete Rippen in sehr einfacher Weise den Anforderungen angepasst werden, was mittels Webverfahren bislang einen sehr hohen Aufwand darstellte. Transport or format bands can be provided that on at least one surface of the endless transport or format strip at least one recess and / or at least one survey and / or at least one extending through the endless transport or format tape breakthrough is vorgese ¬ hen. Such recesses and / or elevations and in particular by the endless transport or format tape ver ¬ ongoing breakthroughs are generative Herstellungsver ¬ drive such as selective laser sintering or 3D printing very easy to produce what the cost of the endless transport or format tape over known solutions essential reduced. Furthermore, the depressions, elevations and / or breakthroughs can be much freer than before be designed. For example, in the case of suction belts for transporting tobacco, this means that the size and shape of the openings, which determine the air permeability and the retention properties for the tobacco, can be influenced to a much greater extent than heretofore. Furthermore, serving to entrain the tobacco, for example ¬ formed by the surveys ribs can be adapted to the requirements in a very simple manner, which previously represented by means of weaving a very high cost.
Um eine höhere Festigkeit des erfindungsgemäßen endlosen Transport- oder Formatbands zu erzielen, kann des Weiteren vorgesehen sein, dass in das endlose Transport- oder Format¬ band Kettfäden eingebunden sind. Da die vorzugsweise konventionell, d.h. nicht mittels eines generativen Fertigungsverfahrens, hergestellten Kettfäden üblicherweise in Richtung der Hauptbelastung des Transport- oder Formatbands bzw. in Zugrichtung desselben verlaufen, können sie wesentlich zu einer Erhöhung der Festigkeit des Transport- oder Format¬ bands beitragen. In order to achieve a higher strength of the endless transport or format strip according to the invention, it can further be provided that warp threads are incorporated into the endless transport or format belt . Since the warp threads, which are preferably produced conventionally, ie not by means of an additive manufacturing process, usually run in the direction of the main load of the transport or format strip or in the direction of pulling, they can substantially contribute to an increase in the strength of the transport or format belt .
Eine verfahrensgemäße Lösung der Aufgabe ergibt sich aus An¬ spruch 4. Ein generatives Fertigungsverfahren, wie beispielsweise selektives Lasersintern oder 3D-Druck, wird ge¬ mäß der Erfindung zur Herstellung eines endlosen Transportoder Formatbands eingesetzt, um die Herstellung des endlosen Transport- oder Formatbands zu vereinfachen und damit dessen Herstellungskosten zu verringern. A procedural solution to the problem arises from An ¬ claim 4. A generative manufacturing process, such as selective laser sintering or 3D printing is ge ¬ according to the invention for the production of an endless transport or format tape used to the production of endless transport or format tape simplify and thus reduce its manufacturing costs.
Eine besonders vorteilhafte, weil einfach zu beherrschende Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kann darin bestehen, dass auf eine Unterlage ein KunstStoffpulver auf¬ gebracht und mittels eines Laserstrahls an- oder aufge¬ schmolzen wird. A particularly advantageous, because easy-to-control embodiment of the method according to the invention can therein exist that on a pad a KunstStoffpulver brought on ¬ and on by means of a laser beam or on ¬ melted.
Um eine kontinuierliche Herstellung des endlosen Transport¬ oder Formatbands auf einfache Weise zu erzielen, kann dabei vorgesehen sein, dass die Unterlage während des Aufbringens des Pulvers und während des mittels des Laserstrahls durch¬ geführten An- oder Aufschmelzens des Pulvers gedreht wird. Wenn dabei eine den Laserstrahl erzeugende Laserstrahlerzeu¬ gungseinrichtung relativ zu der Drehachse der Unterlage bewegt wird, so kann das endlose Transport- oder Formatband gleichzeitig mit der Erzeugung seiner Länge, die bei einem endlosen Transport- oder Formatband bei kreisförmiger Anord¬ nung ja dem Umfang desselben entspricht, auch die Dicke des endlosen Transport- oder Formatbands auf sehr einfache Art und Weise hergestellt werden. To achieve a continuous production of the endless conveyor ¬ or size bands in a simple manner, it can be provided that the substrate is rotated during the application of the powder and during the laser beam by means of the guided ¬ presence or melting of the powder. Here, if a laser beam generating Laserstrahlerzeu ¬ restriction device is moved relative to the axis of rotation of the support, so the endless transport or format tape may simultaneously with the generation of its length, the yes thereof in an endless transport or garniture tape with circular Anord ¬ voltage the periphery Also, the thickness of the endless transport or format tape can be made in a very simple manner.
Zusätzlich oder alternativ hierzu kann der Laserstrahl in einer im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu der Drehachse der Unterlage verlaufenden Richtung abgelenkt werden, um auf diese Weise die Dicke des endlosen Transport- oder Formatbands herzustellen. Dadurch kann auf eine Verschiebung der gesamten Laserstrahlerzeugungseinrichtung verzichtet werden. Additionally or alternatively, the laser beam may be deflected in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the pad so as to produce the thickness of the endless transport or format tape. This makes it possible to dispense with a shift of the entire laser beam generating device.
Um eine exakte Prozessdurchführung zu gewährleisten, insbesondere im Hinblick auf ein kontinuierliches An- oder Auf¬ schmelzen des Pulvers, kann des Weiteren vorgesehen sein, dass die Höhe des Pulvers auf der Unterlage mittels einer Abstreifeinrichtung vor dem An- oder Aufschmelzen mittels des Laserstrahls reduziert wird. Durch dieses Abstreifen des überschüssigen Pulvers wird also verhindert, dass bestimmte Schichten des Pulvers nicht an- oder aufgeschmolzen werden, wodurch sich eine prozesssichere Herstellung des erfindungs¬ gemäßen endlosen Transport- oder Formatbands ergibt . In order to ensure an exact process execution, in particular with regard to a continuous on or on ¬ melting of the powder, may further be provided that the height of the powder is reduced on the substrate by means of a stripping before melting or melting by means of the laser beam , By this stripping of the Excess powder is thus prevented that certain layers of the powder are not on or melted, resulting in a process-reliable production of fiction, ¬ contemporary endless transport or format strip.
Zusätzlich kann vorgesehen sein, dass das Pulver vor dem An- oder Aufschmelzen mittels des Laserstrahls aufgeheizt wird. Dies stellt sicher, dass der das Pulver an- oder aufschmel¬ zende Laserstrahl die jeweilige Schicht auf zuverlässige Art und Weise aufschmilzt, da in diesem Fall nur noch eine ge¬ ringe thermische Energie seitens des Laserstrahls einge¬ bracht werden muss. Dies stellt eine zuverlässige und schnelle Durchführung des Verfahrens sicher. In addition, it can be provided that the powder is heated by the laser beam before it starts or melts. This ensures that the switch the powder or aufschmel ¬ collapsing laser beam melts the respective layer in a reliable manner since only a ge ¬ rings thermal energy must be ¬ introduced by the laser beam in this case. This ensures a reliable and fast implementation of the method.
Des Weiteren kann vorgesehen sein, dass beim 3D-Druck zur Herstellung von Hinterschneidungen und/oder Vertiefungen und/oder Durchbrüchen der Kunststoff aufgebracht und später ausgewaschen wird. Auf diese Weise können Hinterschneidungen und/oder Vertiefungen und/oder Durchbrüche in einfacher Weise hergestellt werden. Furthermore, it can be provided that the plastic is applied during 3D printing for the production of undercuts and / or depressions and / or breakthroughs and later washed out. In this way, undercuts and / or depressions and / or breakthroughs can be produced in a simple manner.
Wenn in einer weiteren vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung in das endlose Transport- oder Formatband Kettfäden eingebunden werden, so kann die Festigkeit des mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellten endlosen Transportoder Formatbands verbessert werden. If, in a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, warp threads are incorporated into the endless transport or format strip, the strength of the endless transport or format strip produced by the method according to the invention can be improved.
Eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Transport- oder Formatbands ist in Anspruch 11 angegeben. Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung lässt sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung des endlosen Transport- oder Formatbands auf sehr einfache und dennoch zuver¬ lässige Art und Weise ausführen, um das erfindungsgemäße endlose Transport- oder Formatband herzustellen. An apparatus for producing a transport or format strip according to the invention is specified in claim 11. With the inventive device, the novel process for the production of endless transport or format bands can perform in a very simple and yet reli ¬ transparent manner to produce endless transport or the inventive format tape.
Ein einfacher Aufbau der Vorrichtung verbunden mit einem zuverlässig durchführbaren Herstellungsprozess ergibt sich, wenn die Einrichtung zur Herstellung des endlosen Transportoder Formatbands mittels eines generativen Fertigungsverfahrens eine Pulverzuführeinrichtung, eine Laserstrahlerzeu¬ gungseinrichtung und eine Unterlage zur Aufnahme des Pulvers aufweist . A simple construction of the device combined with a reliably feasible production process results when the device for producing the endless transport or format strip by means of a generative manufacturing process comprises a powder feeder, a Laserstrahlerzeu ¬ supply device and a base for receiving the powder.
In einer weiteren sehr vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Unterlage als Ring mit einem im Wesentlichen U-förmigen Querschnitt ausgebildet ist. Eine in Form eines Rings ausgeführte Unterlage ist insbesondere für das ebenfalls in Ringform ausgebildete, mittels der Vorrichtung hergestellte, endlose Transport- o- der Formatband vorteilhaft. In a further very advantageous embodiment of the device can be provided that the pad is formed as a ring with a substantially U-shaped cross-section. A pad designed in the form of a ring is particularly advantageous for the endless transport or format strip, which is also formed in a ring shape and which is produced by means of the device.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Unterlage drehbar ge¬ lagert ist, da auf diese Weise die Unterlage gegenüber der Laserstrahlerzeugungseinrichtung gedreht und dabei das sich in der Unterlage befindende Pulver an- oder aufgeschmolzen werden kann. It is particularly advantageous if the base is rotatably ge ¬ superimposed, as can be rotated in this manner, the pad relative to the laser beam generating means and thereby Toggle The spa located in the base powder or melted is.
Des Weiteren kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Laserstrahler zeugungseinrichtung in einer im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu der Drehachse der Unterläge verlaufenden Richtung beweglich ist. Durch eine solche bewegliche Lagerung der Laserstrahlerzeugungseinrichtung kann dieselbe sehr einfach bewegt werden, um neben der Länge bzw. dem Umfang des endlosen Transport- oder Formatbands, der durch die Drehung der Un¬ terlage erzeugt wird, auch die Dicke des endlosen Transport¬ oder Formatbands herzustellen. Furthermore, it can be provided that the laser emitter generating device in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the Unterläge extending direction is. By such movable mounting of the laser beam generating means, the same easily be moved in order to produce in addition to the length or the circumference of the endless transport or format bands generated by the rotation of Un ¬ terlage, the thickness of the endless conveyor ¬ or format bands ,
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann außerdem vorgesehen sein, dass die Unterlage eine Heizeinrichtung zur Aufheizung des Pulvers aufweist. Die Integration der Heizeinrichtung in die Unterlage ermöglicht eine besonders direkte und dadurch mit einem geringen Ener¬ gieeinsatz verbundene Aufheizung des Pulvers, so dass durch den Laserstrahl nur eine verhältnismäßig geringe Energiemenge in das Pulver eingebracht werden muss, um dasselbe an- oder aufzuschmelzen. In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention may also be provided that the pad has a heater for heating the powder. The integration of the heating device in the base allows a particularly direct and thereby associated with a low Ener ¬ gieeinsatz heating of the powder so that only a relatively small amount of energy has to be introduced into the powder by the laser beam to melt the same on or off.
Um mittels Kettfäden eine Verstärkung des erfindungsgemäßen endlosen Transport- oder Formatbands erreichen zu können, kann des Weiteren eine Einrichtung zur Zuführung eines Kettfadens zu der Einrichtung zur Herstellung des endlosen In order to be able to achieve a reinforcement of the endless transport or format strip according to the invention by means of warp threads, a device for feeding a warp thread to the device for producing the endless can also be provided
Transport- oder Formatbands mittels eines generativen Ferti¬ gungsverfahrens vorgesehen sein. Transport or format bands can be provided by means of a generative pro ¬ processing method.
In Anspruch 15 ist eine besonders vorteilhafte Verwendung eines mindestens ein KunstStoffmaterial aufweisendes, mit¬ tels eines generativen Fertigungsverfahrens, insbesondere mittels selektivem Lasersintern oder 3D-Druck, hergestellten endlosen Transport- oder Formatbands zur Verarbeitung von Tabak angegeben. Nachfolgend sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung prinzipmäßig dargestellt. In claim 15, a particularly advantageous use of at least one KunstStoffmaterial exhibiting, with ¬ means of a generative manufacturing process, in particular by means of selective laser sintering or 3D printing, produced endless transport or format bands for processing tobacco. Embodiments of the invention are shown in principle with reference to the drawings.
Es zeigt: It shows:
Fig. 1 eine sehr schematische Draufsicht auf eine erste Fig. 1 is a very schematic plan view of a first
Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen endlosen  Embodiment of the invention endless
Transport- oder Formatbands;  Transport or format bands;
Fig. 2 eine sehr schematische Seitenansicht einer zweiten Fig. 2 is a very schematic side view of a second
Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen endlosen  Embodiment of the invention endless
Transport- oder Formatbands;  Transport or format bands;
Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht auf eine Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines endlosen Transport- oder Formatbands; Fig. 3 is a plan view of an embodiment of a device according to the invention for producing an endless transport or format strip;
Fig. 4 eine vergrößerte perspektivische Ansicht der Vor¬ richtung aus Fig. 3; 4 is an enlarged perspective view of the front ¬ direction of FIG. 3.
Fig. 5 einen Schnitt nach der Linie V-V aus Fig. 4; Fig. 5 is a section along the line V-V of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform ei¬ ner erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung; Device 6 is a plan view of a further embodiment ei ¬ ner according to the invention.
Fig. 7 eine Seitenansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung; 7 shows a side view of a further embodiment of a device according to the invention;
Fig. 8 ein schematischer Schnitt durch eine weitere Ausfüh- rungsform des erfindungsgemäßen endlosen Transport- oder Formatbands; Fig. 9 ein schematischer Schnitt durch eine weitere Ausfüh¬ rungsform des erfindungsgemäßen endlosen Transportoder Formatbands; und 8 shows a schematic section through a further embodiment of the endless transport or format strip according to the invention; Figure 9 is a schematic section through a further form of the exporting ¬ approximately endless transport format or tape of the invention. and
Fig. 10 eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen endlosen Transport- oder Formatbands . Fig. 10 is a plan view of another embodiment of the invention endless transport or format tape.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf ein endloses Transport- oder Formatbands 1 aus einem KunstStoffmaterial , das in der Aus¬ führungsform von Fig. 1 als sogenanntes Saugband ausgebildet ist, das zum Beispiel zum Transport von Tabak eingesetzt wer¬ den kann. Daher wird das Transport- oder Formatband 1 nach¬ folgend nur als Transportband 1 bezeichnet. Wie ebenfalls in Fig. 1 erkennbar ist, weist das endlose Transportband 1 eine Vielzahl von Durchbrüchen 2 auf, die sich im vorliegenden Fall durch die gesamte Dicke des Transportbands 1 erstrecken. Die Durchbrüche 2 können selbstverständlich auch von der dargestellten Kreisform abweichen und im Prinzip eine beliebige Form aufweisen. Über die Anzahl, Größe und Form der Durchbrüche 2 kann die Luftdurchlässigkeit des Transportbands 1 ein¬ gestellt werden, um im Falle der Verwendung als Saugband den Tabak durch die Durchbrüche 2 an dasselbe anzusaugen. Fig. 1 shows a plan view of an endless transport or format bands 1 made of a KunstStoffmaterial, which is formed in the off ¬ management form of Fig. 1 as a so-called suction belt, for example, used to transport tobacco ¬ who can. Therefore, the transport or format tape 1 after ¬ following only referred to as conveyor belt 1. As can also be seen in Fig. 1, the endless conveyor belt 1 has a plurality of openings 2, which extend in the present case through the entire thickness of the conveyor belt 1. The openings 2 may of course also deviate from the illustrated circular shape and in principle have any shape. On the number, size and shape of the apertures 2, the air permeability of the conveyor belt 1 can be made a ¬ to suck in the case of use as a suction belt, the tobacco through the openings 2 to the same.
Das Transportband 1 ist, wie erwähnt, als endloses Band aus¬ gebildet, d. h. es weist eine Ringform auf und wird vorzugs¬ weise ohne Naht hergestellt, d.h. es weist in diesem Fall keine Naht auf. Da das Transportband 1 aus einem elastischen KunstStoffmaterial besteht, ist die Ringform desselben jedoch veränderlich und kann an die Größe und Position der nicht dargestellten Transportrollen oder ähnliches angepasst werden . The conveyor belt 1 is, as mentioned, formed as an endless belt from ¬, ie it has a ring shape and is preferential ¬ example prepared without a seam, ie, it has no seam on in this case. Since the conveyor belt 1 is made of an elastic synthetic material, however, the annular shape thereof is variable and can not be adapted to the size and position of the be adapted transport rollers or the like.
In Fig. 2 ist in einer Seitenansicht eine zweite Ausführungs¬ form des endlosen Transport- oder Formatbands bzw. Transport¬ bands 1 dargestellt. In dieser Ausführungsform weist das Transportband 1 auf seinen beiden Oberflächen jeweilige Vertiefungen 3 und Erhebungen 4 auf. Grundsätzlich wäre es auch möglich, dass ein und dasselbe Transportband 1 sowohl die Vertiefungen 3 und die Erhebungen 4 der Ausführungsform von Fig. 2 als auch die Durchbrüche 2 der Ausführungsform von Fig. 1 aufweist. Des Weiteren sind die in den Figuren 2 und 3 dargestellte Anzahl und Positionen der Durchbrüche 2, der Vertiefungen 3 und der Erhebungen 4 nur als beispielhaft anzusehen und diese können an die jeweiligen Erfordernisse angepasst werden. Die Vertiefungen 3 können beispielsweise auch als über die gesamte Länge und/oder die gesamte Breite des Transportbands 1 verlaufende Nuten ausgeführt sein. In Fig. 2, a second embodiment ¬ form of endless transport or format bands or transport ¬ bands 1 is shown in a side view. In this embodiment, the conveyor belt 1 on its two surfaces on respective recesses 3 and 4 surveys. In principle, it would also be possible for one and the same conveyor belt 1 to have both the recesses 3 and the elevations 4 of the embodiment of FIG. 2 and the openings 2 of the embodiment of FIG. 1. Furthermore, the number and positions of the apertures 2, the recesses 3 and the elevations 4 shown in Figures 2 and 3 are to be regarded as exemplary only and they can be adapted to the respective requirements. The recesses 3 may for example be designed as over the entire length and / or the entire width of the conveyor belt 1 extending grooves.
Wie oben beschrieben besteht eine mögliche Verwendung des Transportbands 1 als Saugband zum Transport von Tabak in ei¬ ner Maschine der tabakverarbeitenden Industrie. Statt als Saugband kann das endlose Transportband 1 auch für andere Transport zwecke eingesetzt werden. Insbesondere können mit dem endlosen Transportband 1 auch Lebensmittel transportiert werden. Beispielsweise könnte das endlose Transportband 1 je¬ doch auch als Wiegeband in Waagen und dergleichen eingesetzt werden. Durch die Anordnung von Erhebungen 4 kann die Rauig- keit des Transportbands 1 erhöht werden, sodass dieses sowohl als Saugband als auch als Formatband in der Tabakindustrie eingesetzt werden kann. Der Ort, die Form und die Größe der Erhebungen 4 kann dabei an den jeweiligen Einsatzzweck und/oder an die Beschaffenheit des jeweiligen, zu verarbei¬ tenden Tabaks angepasst werden. As described above, one possible use of the conveyor belt 1 as a suction belt for transporting tobacco in egg ¬ ner machine of the tobacco processing industry. Instead of a suction belt, the endless conveyor belt 1 can also be used for other transport purposes. In particular, food can also be transported with the endless conveyor belt 1. For example, the endless conveyor belt one could ever ¬ but used as a weighing belt in scales and the like. By arranging elevations 4, the roughness of the conveyor belt 1 can be increased so that it can be used both as a suction belt and as a format belt in the tobacco industry. The place, the shape and the size of the Elevations 4 can on the specific application and / or on the nature be adapted to proces ¬ Tenden of the respective tobacco.
Das endlose Transportband 1 gemäß der Figuren 1 und 2, das vorzugsweise wie erläutert eine Struktur, also zum Beispiel die Durchbrüche 2 und/oder die Vertiefungen 3 und/oder die Erhebungen 4, aufweist, kann mittels eines generativen Ferti¬ gungsverfahrens, insbesondere mittels selektivem Lasersintern oder 3D-Druck, hergestellt werden, was nachfolgend näher erläutert wird. The endless conveyor belt 1 according to the Figures 1 and 2, preferably as explained a structure, that is, for example, the through-holes 2 and / or the recesses 3 and / or the protrusions 4, which can by means of a generative Ferti ¬ off procedure, in particular by means of selective Laser sintering or 3D printing, are produced, which will be explained in more detail below.
Beim selektiven Lasersintern wird aus einem pulverförmigen Ausgangsstoff, im vorliegenden Fall einem Kunststoffmaterial, wie zum Beispiel thermoplastischem Polyurethan, PEEK oder Polyamid, durch Sintern mittels eines Laserstrahls das endlose Transport- oder Formatband 1 mit den Durchbrüchen 2, Vertie¬ fungen 3 und/oder Erhebungen 4, d.h. mit einer im Prinzip beliebigen räumlichen Struktur bzw. mit einer dreidimensionalen Geometrie, die auch Hinterschneidungen aufweisen kann, hergestellt. Das endlose Transport- oder Formatband 1 wird dabei Schicht für Schicht durch An- bzw. Aufschmelzen des Pulvers mittels eines Laserstrahls aufgebaut. Die durch den Laser¬ strahl in das Pulver eingebrachte Energie wird von dem Pulver absorbiert, wodurch einzelne Pulverpartikel lokal begrenzt sintern oder verschmelzen. Vorzugsweise werden dabei die Pulverpartikel nur partiell aufgeschmolzen, es ist jedoch auch ein vollständiges Aufschmelzen derselben möglich. Dabei wird der Laserstrahl, wie nachfolgend noch detaillierter erläutert, so angesteuert, dass die Pulverschichten auf die ge¬ wünschte Art und Weise an- bzw. aufgeschmolzen werden, um die gewünschte Struktur des Transport- oder Formatband 1 zu er¬ zeugen . In selective laser sintering is from a powdered starting material, in the present case a plastic material, such as thermoplastic polyurethane, PEEK or polyamide, by sintering by means of a laser beam, the endless transport or format tape 1 with the openings 2, 3 Vertie ¬ tions and / or surveys 4, ie with a basically arbitrary spatial structure or with a three-dimensional geometry, which may also have undercuts manufactured. The endless transport or format strip 1 is built up layer by layer by the melting or melting of the powder by means of a laser beam. The introduced by the laser beam in the powder ¬ energy is absorbed by the powder, whereby individual powder particles sinter localized or merge. Preferably, the powder particles are only partially melted, but it is also a complete melting of the same possible. As will be explained in more detail below, the laser beam is controlled in such a way that the powder layers are fused or melted in the desired manner in order to achieve the desired effect desired structure of the transport or format tape 1 to he witness ¬ .
Beim 3D-Druck wird ein nicht dargestellter 3D-Drucker eingesetzt, mit dem zum Beispiel die Unterverfahren der Stereo¬ lithografie, der Digitalen Lichtverarbeitung (Digital Light Processing) , des Poly et-Modeling sowie des Fused Deposition Modeling durchgeführt werden können. Dabei kann beispielswei¬ se zur Erzeugung der Durchbrüche 2, der Vertiefungen 3 und eventueller, nicht dargestellter Hinterschneidungen vorgesehen sein, dass das in dem jeweiligen Durchbruch 2, der jeweiligen Vertiefung 3 bzw. der jeweiligen Hinterschneidung fehlende Material nicht aufgeschmolzen wird. Beim Entnehmen des Transport- oder Formatband 1 aus der Form bzw. aus dem Werk¬ zeug fällt dann das nicht aufgeschmolzene Material heraus und bildet den Durchbruch 2, die Vertiefungen 3 bzw. die Hinterschneidung. Beim 3D-Druck kann zur Herstellung der Durchbrüche 2, der Vertiefungen 3 und der nicht dargestellten Hinterschneidungen außerdem Kunststoff aufgebracht und später aus¬ gewaschen werden. 3D printing an unillustrated 3D printer is used, can be carried out with, for example, the sub-process of the stereo ¬ lithography, the Digital Light Processing (Digital Light Processing), the poly et modeling as well as of fused deposition modeling. It can beispielswei ¬ se for generating the openings 2, the recesses 3 and possibly, not shown undercuts be provided that in the respective opening 2, the respective recess 3 and the respective undercut missing material is not melted. When removing the transport or format strip 1 from the mold or from the work ¬ stuff then falls out of the unmelted material and forms the opening 2, the wells 3 and the undercut. When 3D printing can also be applied for the production of the openings 2, the wells 3 and the undercuts, not shown, and later washed from ¬ .
In den Figuren 3, 4 und 5 ist beispielhaft eine Vorrichtung 5 dargestellt, mit der das Verfahren zur Herstellung des endlo¬ sen Transport- oder Formatbands 1 durchgeführt werden kann. Die Vorrichtung 5 weist eine Einrichtung zur Herstellung des endlosen Transport- oder Formatbands 1 mittels eines genera¬ tiven Fertigungsverfahrens, beispielsweise mittels selektivem Lasersintern oder 3D-Druck, auf bzw. ist als solche Einrichtung ausgebildet. Die Vorrichtung 5 zur Herstellung des endlosen Transport- o- der Formatbands 1 gemäß der Ausführungsform der Figuren 3, 4 und 5 weist eine Pulverzuführeinrichtung 6, eine Unterlage 7 zur Aufnahme des von der Pulverzuführeinrichtung 6 zugeführten Pulvers und eine Laserstrahlerzeugungseinrichtung 8 auf, die in der Lage ist, einen Laserstrahl zu erzeugen und diesen auf die gewünschte Art und Weise auf das sich auf der Unter¬ lage 7 befindende Pulver zu richten. Die Laserstrahlerzeu¬ gungseinrichtung 8, mit der der Laserstrahl erzeugt wird, kann zum Beispiel einen CC>2-Laser, einen Nd:YAG-Laser oder einen Faserlaser aufweisen, der in den Figuren 3 und 4 mit dem Bezugszeichen 8a bezeichnet ist. In Figures 3, 4 and 5, a device 5 is shown as an example to which the method for producing the endlo ¬ sen transport format or strip 1 can be performed. The device 5 comprises means for producing the endless transport format or strip 1 by means of a genera ¬ tive manufacturing process, for example by means of selective laser sintering, 3D printing or on or is designed as such a device. The device 5 for producing the endless transport or format strip 1 according to the embodiment of FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 has a powder feed device 6, a support 7 for receiving the powder supplied by the powder feed device 6 and a laser beam generating device 8 which is shown in FIG is able to produce a laser beam and to direct it to the desired manner on to the lower layer 7 ¬ exploiting Dende powder. The Laserstrahlerzeu ¬ restriction device 8 with which the laser beam is generated may be, for example, a CC> 2 laser, an Nd: having YAG laser or a fiber laser, indicated in Figures 3 and 4 by the reference numeral 8a.
Wie sich aus der Draufsicht von Fig. 3 ergibt, ist die Unter¬ lage 7 als Ring bzw. ringförmig ausgebildet und weist, wie in dem Schnitt von Fig. 5 erkennbar ist, eine Vertiefung 9 auf, die einen im Wesentlichen U-förmigen Querschnitt aufweist und die zur Aufnahme des pulverförmigen Materials dient, aus dem das Transport- oder Formatband 1 hergestellt wird. Die Pul¬ verzuführeinrichtung 6 führt also das Pulver in die Vertiefung 9 der Unterlage 7 zu. Dabei ist die Unterlage 7 um eine in Fig. 3 angedeutete, senkrecht zur Blattebene verlaufende Drehachse 7a drehbar gelagert und kann insbesondere so ge¬ dreht werden, dass das Pulver in der Vertiefung 9 der Unterlage 7 zu der Laserstrahlerzeugungseinrichtung 8 befördert wird. Im vorliegenden Fall wird die Unterlage 7 von einem sehr schematisch angedeuteten Elektromotor 10, der vorzugsweise als Servomotor ausgebildet ist, angetrieben. Die Unterlage 7 weist im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel des Weite¬ ren ein an ihrem äußeren Umfang angeordnetes Magnetmaßband 11 auf, dem ein Abnehmer 12 zugeordnet ist, so dass die Positio- nierung der Unterlage 7 genau kontrolliert und dadurch mit¬ tels einer nicht dargestellten Steuereinrichtung gesteuert werden kann. As is apparent from the plan view of Fig. 3, the lower ¬ position 7 is formed as a ring or annular and has, as can be seen in the section of Fig. 5, a recess 9, which has a substantially U-shaped cross-section and which serves to receive the powdery material from which the transport or format strip 1 is produced. Thus, the Pul ¬ verzuführeinrichtung 6 carries the powder to the recess 9 of the pad. 7 The base 7 is mounted to an indicated in Fig. 3, perpendicular to the plane of the rotational axis 7a rotatable and may be particularly so-¬ rotates, the powder in the concavity 9 of the substrate 7 is conveyed to the laser beam generating means 8. In the present case, the pad 7 is driven by a very schematically indicated electric motor 10, which is preferably designed as a servomotor. The pad 7 has in the illustrated embodiment of Weite ¬ ren a arranged on its outer circumference magnetic tape 11, which is associated with a pickup 12 so that the position nierung of the pad 7 accurately controlled and thereby can be controlled by ¬ means of a control device, not shown.
Vor der Laserstrahlerzeugungseinrichtung 8 ist im vorliegenden Fall eine Abstreiteinrichtung 13 vorgesehen, mit welcher die Höhe des Pulvers auf der Unterlage 7 bzw. in der Vertie¬ fung 9 reduziert werden kann. Dadurch wird eine exakte Höhe der Pulverschicht auf der Unterlage 7 sichergestellt. In dem Moment, in dem das Pulver die Laserstrahlerzeugungseinrichtung 8 erreicht, wird eine bestimmte Dicke des Pulvers mit¬ tels des von der Laserstrahlerzeugungseinrichtung 8 erzeugte Laserstrahls an- oder aufgeschmolzen. Die aufgeschmolzene Schichtdicke kann beispielsweise 0,05 bis 0,1 mm betragen. Before the laser beam generating means 8 in this case a Abstreiteinrichtung 13 is provided, with which the height of the powder on the substrate 7 or in the Vertie ¬ Fung 9 can be reduced. As a result, an exact height of the powder layer on the base 7 is ensured. At the moment in which the powder reaches the laser beam generating device 8, a certain thickness of the powder is melted or fused with ¬ means of the laser beam generated by the laser beam generating device 8. The melted layer thickness can be for example 0.05 to 0.1 mm.
Die Drehbewegung der Unterlage 7 um die Drehachse 7a stellt im vorliegenden Fall also den Vorschub des Pulvers in Um- fangsrichtung des Transport- oder Formatbands 1, d. h. in Richtung der Länge des entstehenden Transport- oder Formatbands 1, dar. Der Vorschub in Dickenrichtung des zu erzeugen den Transport- oder Formatbands 1 wird im vorliegenden Fall dadurch erreicht, dass die Laserstrahlerzeugungseinrichtung bzw. der Laser 8a in einer im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu der Drehachse 7a der Unterlage 7 verlaufenden Richtung beweglich ist. In Breitenrichtung kann der Vorschub dadurch erreicht werden, dass der Laser 8a im Prinzip parallel zu dem durch die Drehung der Unterlage 7 erzeugten Vorschub in einer im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu der Drehachse 7a der Unterlage 7 verlaufenden Richtung, also in radialer Richtung bezogen auf die Unterlage 7, bewegt werden kann. Zu der oben beschriebenen Bewegung des den Laserstrahl ausgebenden Lasers 8a weist die Laserstrahlerzeugungseinrichtung 8 einen vertikalen Schlitten 14 auf, an dem wiederum ein horizontaler Schlitten 15 angebracht ist. Die Angabe "vertikaler Schlitten 14" bedeutet, dass der an dem Schlitten 14 angebrachte Laser 8a in vertikaler Richtung beweglich ist. Die Angabe "horizontaler Schlitten 15" bedeutet, dass der an dem horizontalen Schlitten 15 angebrachte vertikale Schlitten 14 in horizontaler Richtung beweglich ist. Eine Bewegung des vertikalen Schlittens 14 auf dem horizontalen Schlitten 15 ermöglicht damit die beschriebene Bewegung des Lasers 8a in der im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu der Drehachse 7a der Unterlage 7 verlaufenden Richtung. Eine Bewegung des Lasers 8a entlang des vertikalen Schlittens 14 ermöglicht eine Bewegung des Lasers 8a in Richtung zu der Unterlage 7 oder weg von derselben. Durch eine solche Verschiebung des Lasers 8a entlang des vertikalen Schlittens 14 kann die Fokusebene des von der Laserstrahlerzeugungseinrichtung 8 bzw. dem Laser 8a ausgegebenen Laserstrahls verstellt werden. Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, die Unterlage 7 relativ zu der in diesem Fall möglicherweise feststehenden Laserstrahlerzeugungseinrichtung 8 zu bewegen. The rotational movement of the base 7 about the axis of rotation 7a in the present case thus represents the advancement of the powder in the circumferential direction of the transport or format strip 1, ie in the direction of the length of the resulting transport or format strip 1. The advance in the thickness direction of FIG produce the transport or format bands 1 is achieved in the present case, characterized in that the laser beam generating means or the laser 8a in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation 7a of the pad 7 extending direction is movable. In the width direction, the feed can be achieved in that the laser 8a in principle parallel to the feed generated by the rotation of the pad 7 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation 7a of the pad 7 direction, ie in the radial direction relative to the pad. 7 , can be moved. For the above-described movement of the laser beam emitting laser 8a, the laser beam generating device 8 has a vertical carriage 14, on which in turn a horizontal carriage 15 is mounted. The term "vertical carriage 14" means that the laser 8a attached to the carriage 14 is movable in the vertical direction. The term "horizontal carriage 15" means that the vertical carriage 14 mounted on the horizontal carriage 15 is movable in the horizontal direction. A movement of the vertical carriage 14 on the horizontal slide 15 thus allows the described movement of the laser 8a in the direction substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation 7a of the pad 7 extending direction. Movement of the laser 8a along the vertical carriage 14 allows movement of the laser 8a towards or away from the pad 7. By such a displacement of the laser 8a along the vertical carriage 14, the focal plane of the output from the laser beam generating device 8 and the laser 8a laser beam can be adjusted. Of course, it is also possible to move the base 7 relative to the possibly fixed in this case laser beam generating device 8.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass der Laserstrahl in der im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu der Drehachse 7a der Unterlage 7 verlaufenden Richtung abgelenkt wird. Die Ablenkung des Laserstrahls kann in diesem Fall bei¬ spielsweise mittels eines nicht dargestellten Spiegels erfol¬ gen . In dem Schnitt von Fig. 5 ist des Weiteren eine Heizeinrichtung 16 dargestellt, die im vorliegenden Fall in die Unterla¬ ge 7 integriert und benachbart zu der Vertiefung 9 angeordnet ist. Mittels der Heizeinrichtung 16 ist es möglich, das Pulver vor dem mittels des Laserstrahls erfolgenden An- oder Aufschmelzen aufzuheizen. Die Heizeinrichtung 16 kann in einem geeigneten Isoliermaterial angeordnete Heizschleifen auf¬ weisen, die beispielsweise mit Strom beaufschlagt werden und in Form einer Widerstandsheizung arbeiten. Beispielsweise kann der die Vertiefung 9 der Unterlage 7 umgebende, eine Isolierung bildende Bereich der Unterlage 7 aus Keramik bestehen . Alternatively or additionally, it may also be provided that the laser beam is deflected in the direction that runs essentially perpendicular to the axis of rotation 7a of the base 7. The deflection of the laser beam can ¬ SUC gene in this case ¬ play by means of a mirror, not shown. In the section of FIG. 5, a heating device 16 is further shown, which is integrated in the present case in the Unterla ¬ ge 7 and adjacent to the recess 9 is arranged. By means of the heating device 16, it is possible to heat the powder prior to the taking place by means of the laser beam on or melting. The heater 16 may have arranged in a suitable insulating material heating loops on ¬, which are acted upon, for example, with power and operate in the form of a resistance heater. By way of example, the region of the base 7 surrounding the recess 9 of the base 7 and constituting an insulation can be made of ceramic.
Fig. 6 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung 5 zur Herstellung des endlosen Transport- oder Formatbands 1. Dabei ist wiederum die Unterlage 7 vorgesehen, welche die Vertiefung 9 zur Aufnahme des Pulvers aufweisen kann. Im Gegensatz zu der Ausführungsform der Figuren 3, 4 und 5 ist bei der Vorrichtung 5 gemäß Fig. 6 die Unterlage 7 starr und le¬ diglich die nur sehr schematisch angedeutete Laserstrahlerzeugungseinrichtung 8 kann auf einer beliebigen Bahn bewegt werden. Bei der Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung 5 gemäß Fig. 6 wird das endlose Transport- oder Formatband 1 insbesondere mäanderförmig hergestellt. Dadurch kann das endlose Trans¬ port- oder Formatband 1 auf einer sehr kleinen Fläche herge¬ stellt werden. Durch die Elastizität des fertigen Transport¬ oder Formatbands 1 spielt die Form, in der dasselbe herge¬ stellt wird, jedoch keine Rolle. Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment of the device 5 for producing the endless transport or format strip 1. In this case, the base 7 is again provided, which may have the recess 9 for receiving the powder. In contrast to the embodiment of Figures 3, 4 and 5, the support 7 is in the device 5 of FIG. 6 and rigidly le ¬ diglich only very schematically indicated laser beam generating means 8 can be moved along a desired path. In the embodiment of the device 5 according to FIG. 6, the endless transport or format strip 1 is produced in particular meander-shaped. As a result, the endless trans ¬ port or format tape 1 on a very small area Herge ¬ provides. However, due to the elasticity of the finished transport ¬ or format tape 1 in the same is Herge ¬, the shape plays no role.
Selbstverständlich könnte im Falle von Fig. 6 auch die Unterlage 7 verfahrbar ausgebildet und die Laserstrahler zeugungs- einrichtung 8 starr sein. Des Weiteren wäre es grundsätzlich auch möglich, sowohl die Unterlage 7 als auch die Laserstrahlerzeugungseinrichtung 8 verfahrbar auszuführen. Of course, in the case of FIG. 6, the base 7 could also be designed to be movable and the laser emitters could be generated. device 8 be rigid. Furthermore, it would also be possible in principle to carry out both the base 7 and the laser beam generating device 8 in a movable manner.
Fig. 7 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung 5 zur Herstellung des endlosen Transportoder Formatbands 1. Dabei weist die Vorrichtung 5 eine Ein¬ richtung 17 zur Zuführung von Kettfäden 18 bzw. eines Kettfadens 18 auf. Durch die Kettfäden 18, die mittels des genera¬ tiven Fertigungsverfahrens in das Transport- oder Formatband 1 eingebunden werden können, lässt sich die Steifigkeit des Transport- oder Formatbands 1, insbesondere in Längsrichtung desselben, wesentlich erhöhen. Die Einrichtung 17 weist im vorliegenden Fall eine Trommel 19, von der die Kettfäden 18 abgewickelt werden, sowie ein Führungselement 20 auf, das da¬ für sorgt, dass die Kettfäden 18 auf die gewünschte Weise zu der Unterlage 7 gelangen, auf der das Transport- oder Format¬ band 1 mit den darin eingebundenen Kettfäden 18 hergestellt wird. Die Unterlage 7 ist bei der dargestellten Ausführungs¬ form ebenfalls in der Art einer Trommel ausgeführt, auf die die Kettfäden 18 aufgewickelt werden und auf der anschließend das Transport- oder Formatband 1 mittels des generativen Fer¬ tigungsverfahrens hergestellt wird. Hierbei verläuft die Drehachse 7a der Unterlage 7 in horizontaler Richtung, es wäre jedoch auch möglich, die Unterlage 7 in einer horizontalen Ebene auszurichten, sodass die Drehachse 7a analog zu der Ausführungsform von Fig. 3 in vertikaler Richtung verliefe. In diesem Fall wäre lediglich eine Anpassung des Führungsele¬ ments 20, beispielsweise mit einer geeigneten Umlenkung für die Kettfäden 18, erforderlich. Die Kettfäden 18 werden vorzugsweise bereits vor der eigent¬ lichen Herstellung des endlosen Transport- oder Formatbands 1, die wie oben beschrieben durch ein generatives Fertigungs¬ verfahren wie selektives Lasersintern oder 3D-Druck erfolgt, hergestellt und bei dem Verfahren des selektiven Lasersin- terns oder des 3D-Drucks in das endlose Transport- oder For¬ matband 1 integriert. Hierzu werden sie im Falle des Vorhan¬ denseins der Unterlage 7 derselben wie oben zugeführt und können dann mit dem Pulvermaterial bedeckt werden. Fig. 7 shows a plan view of a further embodiment of the device 5 for the production of the endless conveyor belt 1. In this case, format or 5, the apparatus comprises a ¬ A device 17 for supplying the warp threads 18 and a warp yarn 18. By the warp yarns 18, which can be integrated by means of the genera ¬ tive manufacturing process in the transport or garniture tape 1, can be the stiffness of the transport format or strip 1, in particular in the longitudinal direction thereof, substantially increase. The means 17 has in this case a drum 19 from which the warp threads are processed 18, and a guide element 20 which ensures there ¬ for that the warp threads pass 18 in the desired manner to the substrate 7 on which the transport or format ¬ band 1 is produced with the warp threads 18 incorporated therein. The base 7 is also executed in the illustrated embodiment ¬ form in the manner of a drum on which the warp threads 18 are wound and on which then the transport or format strip 1 is produced by means of the generative Fer ¬ treatment method. Here, the axis of rotation 7a of the pad 7 extends in the horizontal direction, but it would also be possible to align the pad 7 in a horizontal plane, so that the axis of rotation 7a analogous to the embodiment of Fig. 3 in the vertical direction. In this case, only an adaptation of the Führungsele ¬ element 20, for example, with a suitable deflection for the warp threads 18, would be required. The warp yarns 18 are preferably made before OWNER ¬ union production of the endless transport or format tape 1, which is carried out as described above by a generative manufacturing ¬ procedure as selective laser sintering or 3D printing and the method of selectively Lasersin- terns or of 3D printing in the endless transport or For ¬ matband 1 integrated. For this purpose, they are supplied in the case of Vorhan ¬ denseins the pad 7 of the same as above and can then be covered with the powder material.
Gegebenenfalls können die Kettfäden 18 auch mit einem geeig¬ neten Material, beispielsweise einem KunstStoffmaterial , be¬ schichtet sein, das durch den Laserstrahl aufgeschmolzen wird, um eine Verbindung mit dem durch die Pulverzuführein- richtung 6 zugeführten Pulver zu erzielen. Optionally, the warp yarns 18 can also use a geeig ¬ Neten material, for example a plastic material, be ¬ layered be, which is melted by the laser beam in order to obtain a connection to the supplied through the Pulverzuführein- device 6 powder.
In den Figuren 8, 9 und 10 sind drei unterschiedliche Ausfüh¬ rungsformen des mit der in Fig. 7 dargestellten Vorrichtung 5 hergestellten, die Kettfäden 18 aufweisenden Transport- oder Formatbands 1 dargestellt. Dabei sind bei der Ausführungsform von Fig. 8 die Kettfäden 18 vollständig innerhalb des das Transport- oder Formatbands 1 bildenden Materials integriert. Dies kann zum Beispiel durch entsprechendes Auffüllen der Vertiefung 9 der Unterlage 7, in der sich bereits die Kettfä¬ den 18 befinden können, mit Pulvermaterial realisiert werden. In Figures 8, 9 and 10 three different exporting ¬ approximately shapes are prepared with the the shown in Fig. 7 device 5, the warps 18 having transport or format tape 1 shown. In this case, in the embodiment of FIG. 8, the warp threads 18 are completely integrated within the material forming the transport or format strip 1. This can, for example, by appropriately filling in the recess 9 of the base 7, in the already can Kettfä ¬ 18 are, realized with powder material.
Dagegen stehen bei der Ausführungsform von Fig. 9 die Kettfäden 18 geringfügig über die Oberfläche des Transport- oder Formatbands 1 über. Dadurch wird auf der Oberfläche des end¬ losen Transport- oder Formatbands 1 eine gewisse Unebenheit erzeugt, die zum Transportieren der unterschiedlichsten Mate- rialien genutzt werden kann. Beispielsweise lässt sich ein solches, in Fig. 9 im Schnitt dargestelltes endloses Band 1 als Saugband zum Transport von Tabak oder als Formatband zum Herstellen von Rauchwaren einsetzen. In contrast, in the embodiment of FIG. 9, the warp threads 18 slightly over the surface of the transport or format strip 1 on. Characterized is produced on the surface of the end ¬ non-transport or format tape 1 a certain unevenness for transporting the diverse Mate can be used. For example, such an endless belt 1 shown in section in FIG. 9 can be used as a suction belt for transporting tobacco or as a format belt for producing tobacco products.
Fig. 10 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungs¬ form des Transport- oder Formatbands 1. Hierbei sind wiederum die Kettfäden 18 dargestellt, die mit dem in Querrichtung zu den Kettfäden 18 in der Art von Stegen verlaufenden, beispielsweise mittels Lasersintern aufgeschmolzenen Pulvermate¬ rial verbunden sind. Dadurch ergibt sich eine Art Lei¬ terstruktur, bei der das aufgeschmolzene Pulvermaterial eine Art Schussfäden bildet, die im vorliegenden Fall nur auf einer Seite der Kettfäden 18 verlaufen. Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, diese "Schussfäden" auch auf der anderen Seite der Kettfäden anzubringen. Auch mit 3D-Druck kann eine derartige Struktur erreicht werden. Auch diese Ausführungs¬ form lässt sich insbesondere in der Tabakindustrie einsetzen, da das Transport- oder Formatband 1 hierbei sowohl eine Luft¬ durchlässigkeit als auch eine gewisse Unebenheit aufweist. Dabei können sowohl die Luftdurchlässigkeit als auch die Un¬ ebenheit durch Wahl einer geeigneten Breite und/oder Höhe des die "Schussfäden" bildenden Pulvermaterials eingestellt wer¬ den . Fig. 10 shows a plan view of another execution ¬ form of transport or format tape 1. In this case the warp threads are again shown 18 with the warp yarns 18 in the manner of webs extending in the transverse direction, melted, for example by means of laser sintering powder Mate ¬ rial are connected. This results in a kind Lei ¬ terstruktur in which the molten powder material forms a kind of weft threads running in the present case only one side of the warp threads 18th Of course, it is also possible to attach these "weft threads" on the other side of the warp threads. Even with 3D printing, such a structure can be achieved. These execution ¬ form can be used in particular in the tobacco industry, as the transport or format Volume 1 here has both an air ¬ permeability and some unevenness. Here, both the air permeability and the Un ¬ evenness by selecting an appropriate width and / or height of the "weft threads" forming powder material can be adjusted ¬ the.
Für die Kettfäden 18 kann im Prinzip ein beliebiges Material eingesetzt werden, das auch ansonsten bei Saugbändern oder Formatbändern zum Einsatz kommt. So sind auch natürliche Materialien wie Baumwolle oder Leinen denkbar, sodass das For the warp threads 18, in principle, any material can be used which is otherwise also used in suction belts or format belts. So natural materials such as cotton or linen are conceivable, so the
Transport- oder Formatband 1 nicht notwendigerweise vollstän¬ dig aus einem KunstStoffmaterial besteht. Die Herstellung der Kettfäden 18 kann auf konventionelle Art und Weise, d.h. ohne den Einsatz eines generativen Fertigungsverfahrens, erfolgen. Transport or format tape 1 is not necessarily completely completeness ¬ dig of a KunstStoffmaterial. The production of Warp threads 18 can be made in a conventional manner, ie without the use of a generative manufacturing process.
Eine weitere Möglichkeit der Nutzung des generativen Ferti¬ gungsverfahrens, insbesondere des selektiven Lasersinterns oder des 3D-Drucks, besteht darin, die bei der quasi-endlosen Herstellung von Transport- oder Formatbändern 1 aus Kett- und Schussfäden im Verbindungsbereich durch die nicht vorhandene Möglichkeit, die Schussfäden um den gesamten Umfang des A further possibility of use of the generative Ferti ¬ off procedure, in particular the selective laser sintering or 3D Printing, is that, in the quasi-continuous production of transport or format belts 1 of warp and weft threads in the connecting region through the non-existent possibility the weft threads around the entire circumference of the
Transport- oder Formatbands 1 einzusetzen, entstehende Lücke mittels eines generativen Fertigungsverfahrens wie selektivem Lasersintern oder 3D-Druck zu schließen. Insbesondere ist ein solches Verfahren des Schließens dieser bislang von Hand ge¬ schlossenen Lücke mittels selektivem Lasersintern oder 3D- Druck bei Formatbändern zum Herstellen von Zigaretten ein- set zbar . Use transport or format bands 1 to close the resulting gap using a generative manufacturing process such as selective laser sintering or 3D printing. In particular, such a process of closing this hitherto by hand ge ¬ gap closed by means of selective laser sintering, 3D printing or for format bands for producing cigarette mono- is set zbar.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Patent claims
1. Endloses Transport- oder Formatband (1), welches mindes¬ tens ein KunstStoffmaterial aufweist und zumindest teil¬ weise mittels eines generativen Fertigungsverfahrens, insbesondere mittels selektivem Lasersintern oder 3D- Druck, hergestellt ist. Is 1. Endless garniture tape or transport (1) which has Minim ¬ least one plastic material and at least partially ¬ by means of a generative production process, in particular by means of selective laser sintering, 3D printing or manufactured.
2. Endloses Transport- oder Formatband nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass 2. Endless transport or format strip according to claim 1, characterized in that a
auf wenigstens einer Oberfläche des endlosen Transport¬ oder Formatbands (1) wenigstens eine Vertiefung (3) und/oder wenigstens eine Erhebung (4) und/oder wenigstens ein durch das Transport- oder Formatband (1) ver¬ laufender Durchbruch (2) vorgesehen ist. on at least one surface of the endless transport ¬ or format tape (1) is provided at least one recess (3) and / or at least one raised portion (4) and / or at least one through the transport or garniture belt (1) ver ¬ operating opening (2) is.
3. Endloses Transport- oder Formatband nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, 3. endless transport or format strip according to claim 1 or 2,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass  d a d u r c h e c e n c i n e s that
in das endlose Transport- oder Formatband (1) Kettfäden in the endless transport or format belt (1) warp threads
(18) eingebunden sind. (18) are involved.
4. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mindestens ein Kunststoffmaterial aufweisenden endlosen Transport- oder Formatbands (1) mittels eines generativen Fertigungsverfahrens, insbesondere mittels selektivem Lasersintern oder 3D-Druck . 4. A method for producing an at least one plastic material having endless transport or format strip (1) by means of a generative manufacturing process, in particular by means of selective laser sintering or 3D printing.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, 5. The method according to claim 4,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass auf eine Unterlage (7) ein KunstStoffpulver aufgebracht und mittels eines Laserstrahls an- oder aufgeschmolzen wird . characterized in that applied to a substrate (7) a KunstStoffpulver and on or melted by means of a laser beam.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, 6. The method according to claim 5,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass  d a d u r c h e c e n c i n e s that
die Unterlage (7) während des Aufbringens des Pulvers und während des mittels des Laserstrahls durchgeführten An- oder Aufschmelzens des Pulvers gedreht wird, wobei eine den Laserstrahl erzeugende Laserstrahlerzeugungs¬ einrichtung (8) relativ zu der Drehachse (7a) der Unterlage (7) bewegt wird. the base (7) is rotated during the application of the powder and during the melting or melting of the powder carried out by the laser beam, wherein a laser beam generating laser beam generating device (8) moves relative to the rotation axis (7a) of the base (7) becomes.
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, 7. The method according to claim 5 or 6,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass  d a d u r c h e c e n c i n e s that
die Höhe des Pulvers auf der Unterlage (7) mittels einer Abstreifeinrichtung (13) vor dem An- oder Aufschmelzen mittels des Laserstrahls reduziert wird.  the height of the powder on the base (7) is reduced by means of a stripping device (13) before the on or melting by means of the laser beam.
8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, 8. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass  d a d u r c h e c e n c i n e s that
das Pulver vor dem An- oder Aufschmelzen mittels des Laserstrahls aufgeheizt wird.  the powder is heated by the laser beam before it starts or melts.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, 9. The method according to claim 4,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass  d a d u r c h e c e n c i n e s that
beim 3D-Druck zur Herstellung von Hinterschneidungen, Vertiefungen (3) und/oder Durchbrüchen (2) der Kunststoff aufgebracht und später ausgewaschen wird.  when 3D printing for the production of undercuts, depressions (3) and / or breakthroughs (2) applied the plastic and washed out later.
10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 9, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass in das endlose Transport- oder Formatband (1) Kettfäden10. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that in the endless transport or format strip (1) warp threads
(18) eingebunden werden. (18).
11. Vorrichtung zu Herstellung eines endlosen Transportoder Formatbands (1) aus Kunststoff, mit einer Einrich¬ tung zur Herstellung des endlosen Transport- oder Formatbands (1) mittels eines generativen Fertigungsverfahrens . 11. An apparatus for producing an endless transport or format strip (1) made of plastic, with a Einrich ¬ device for producing the endless transport or format strip (1) by means of a generative manufacturing process.
12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, 12. Device according to claim 11,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass  d a d u r c h e c e n c i n e s that
die Einrichtung zur Herstellung des endlosen Transportoder Formatbands (1) mittels eines generativen Ferti¬ gungsverfahrens eine Pulverzuführeinrichtung (6), eine Laserstrahlerzeugungseinrichtung (8) und eine Unterlage (7) zur Aufnahme des Pulvers aufweist. the means for producing the endless transport format or strip (1) by means of a generative method, a powder feeder Ferti ¬ supply (6), a laser beam generating means (8) and a support (7) for receiving the powder has.
13. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, 13. Device according to claim 12,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass  d a d u r c h e c e n c i n e s that
die Unterlage (7) als Ring mit einem im Wesentlichen U- förmigen Querschnitt ausgebildet und drehbar gelagert ist .  the pad (7) is designed as a ring with a substantially U-shaped cross-section and is rotatably mounted.
14. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 13, 14. Device according to one of claims 11 to 13,
g e k e n n z e i c h n e t d u r c h  marked by
eine Einrichtung (17) zur Zuführung eines Kettfadens (18) zu der Einrichtung zur Herstellung des endlosen Transport- oder Formatbands (1) mittels eines generati¬ ven Fertigungsverfahrens. Verwendung eines mindestens ein KunstStoffmaterial auf¬ weisendes, mittels eines generativen Fertigungsverfahrens, insbesondere mittels selektivem Lasersintern oder 3D-Druck, hergestellten endlosen Transport- oder Format bands (1) zur Verarbeitung von Tabak. means (17) for feeding a warp yarn (18) to the means for producing the endless transport format or strip (1) by means of a Generati ¬ ven manufacturing process. Use of a at least one plastic material ¬ oriented, by means of a generative production process, in particular by means of selective laser sintering, 3D printing or manufactured endless transport format or bands (1) for processing tobacco.
PCT/EP2014/063354 2013-07-01 2014-06-25 Continuous conveyor belt or format belt and method for producing a continuous conveyor belt or format belt WO2015000755A1 (en)

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