WO2015000598A2

WO2015000598A2 - Masonry structure made of brick bodies

Info

Publication number: WO2015000598A2
Application number: PCT/EP2014/001835
Authority: WO
Inventors: Heinz Posselt; Marian Krol; Till Waas
Original assignee: Linde Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date: 2013-07-04
Filing date: 2014-07-03
Publication date: 2015-01-08
Also published as: WO2015000598A3

Abstract

The invention relates to a masonry structure (11) made of brick bodies (12). The brick bodies (12) are placed on top of one another in at least two layers (106, 108), and the at least two layers (106, 108) are placed on top of one another without an adhesive, at least one metal insert (107) being introduced between each of the at least two layers (106, 108). The invention further relates to a use of such a masonry structure, to a heat storage tank system, and to a method for producing such a masonry structure.

Description

description

Masonry from Zieqelkörpern

The invention relates to a masonry of brick bodies, wherein the brick body are placed on each other in at least two layers without mortar or other permanent forces adhesive and each a metal insert between the at least two layers is introduced, a use of such masonry, a hot storage tank system with such Masonry, and a method for producing such masonry brickwork. State of the art

Masonry, for example, for masonry walls or foundations, generally have only a low load bearing capacity perpendicular to a vertical masonry level. As a result of acceleration forces, earth pressure and / or wind pressure masonry can be exposed to high loads perpendicular to the masonry level. Due to acceleration loads, which occur, for example, in an earthquake on the outer sides of a masonry tensile loads.

Bricks, as components of the masonry, as well as mortar, by means of which the bricks are positively connected, can hardly absorb tensile forces.

Masonry can be the occurring under acceleration, earth pressure and wind pressure load and horizontal forces only to a small extent

take up.

In order to increase a Biegetragfähigkeit perpendicular to the masonry level, it is known masonry with metal mesh, so-called reinforcing mesh or

Reinforcing bars, reinforce. The reinforcing mesh will be in a

Mortar layer of a masonry joint of the masonry introduced and are thus part of the mortar layer, which connects the bricks together. For example, DE 297 06 222 U1 describes arranging a flat-rolled expanded metal grid in the region of the tensile zone of a masonry on its surface and embedding it in a layer of thin-bed mortar applied to the surface. A similar masonry shows the DE 296 04 916 U1. EP 0 681 071 A1 describes a way to improve known reinforcing mesh to

To improve toothing properties and anchoring of the reinforcing grid in the mortar layer of the masonry joint. In certain applications, in which, for example, high temperatures occur, but it is not possible to use cheap cement or lime-based mortar in masonry, as this would be attacked by the high temperatures. Accordingly, no reinforcing mesh can be introduced into the masonry.

US 2 462 289 A relates to a building block structure for furnaces. This includes preformed refractory bricks with grooves sandwiched with flat, oxidizable metal plates of iron or carbon steel. During the

Furnace operations oxidize the metal plates, with the formed oxides growing into the grooves of the devices. The metal oxides should form a strong bond between the metal plates and the refractory bricks.

US 2 231 498 A also describes a refractory masonry for stoves. Flat, metallic iron material is inserted between the components. High temperatures soften and oxidize the metallic material. The iron oxide reacts with the magnesium in the building blocks to magnesium ferrite, which connects adjacent building blocks in the manner of a cement material together.

GB 2 078 919 A relates to a refractory building block for rotary kilns. The refractory brick has one or more indentations and is provided with one or more iron-containing plates, the complementary formed

Have indentations. The basic magnesium-containing building blocks, when stacked on top of each other, form mineral compounds with the ferrous metal plates. These cause a connection of the blocks together.

At very high temperatures occurs an increasing scaling of the ferrous metal plates, whereby the strength of the aforementioned masonry could be affected. This problem could arise, for example, in hot storage tank systems such as liquid salt storage. It is therefore desirable to permanently secure masonry for such applications against high loads perpendicular to the masonry level.

The invention is based on the object to provide a masonry of the type mentioned, which is permanently secured against high loads perpendicular to the masonry level. Disclosure of the invention

This object is achieved by a brickwork brickwork, a use of such masonry, a hot storage tank system and a method for producing brickwork brickwork according to the independent

Claims.

Accordingly, a masonry of brick bodies is provided, wherein the brick body are placed in at least two layers without mortar or other permanent forces-transmitting adhesive and each one

Metal insert between the at least two layers is introduced.

According to the brick body are ground flat and the metal insert made of stainless steel, wherein the metal insert has local unevenness and / or forms under load. Advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below.

ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION In the context of the invention, it has been recognized that different layers are made

Brick bodies, in particular bricks, a masonry must not be connected by mortar or other adhesive to allow the use of a metal insert or in particular a reinforcing grid. The

Layers of masonry are loosely placed on each other and neither with mortar still associated with any other permanent forces transmitting adhesive, which creates a frictional connection between brick bodies.

The layers of the masonry are solely due to the dead weight of the

Masonry, or due to the dead weight of a structure, of which the masonry is a part, and the associated with its own weight vertical

Load positively connected with each other. The masonry according to the invention can be formed both as a foundation below the surface of the earth, as well as a masonry above the earth's surface.

According to the invention, a metal insert is introduced between at least two layers of the masonry, that is, at least between a pair of layers. In the corresponding masonry joint between the said layer pair is thus only a metal insert and no other permanent kraftübertagende

Layer, for example, adhesive or mortar. Due to the weight and the associated vertical load on the masonry or the structure, the metal insert digs into the brick body of the layer pair and enters into a frictional connection with the layer pair. The tensile forces acting on horizontal loads and the high loads perpendicular to the masonry level are absorbed by the metal insert or metal inserts. A horizontal and vertical load bearing capacity of the

Masonry and a bending capacity perpendicular to the masonry level can thus be increased. The masonry is thus more resistant to acceleration forces, earth pressures and wind pressures. In particular, thus an earthquake resistance and a wind or storm resistance of the masonry is increased. The masonry can

especially in high or highly earthquake-prone areas and in areas with extreme weather conditions. The invention provides these advantages, in particular for masonry, for which no mortar can be used due to special applications or environmental conditions. An inventive masonry is therefore particularly suitable for the construction of buildings and facilities. Due to the property of being able to absorb high tensile forces and loads, an inventive masonry is particularly suitable for plant buildings in earthquake-prone regions. It should be noted that in a masonry with more than two layers, not necessarily between each pair of layers a metal insert must be introduced. For example, a metal insert may also be introduced only between every second layer pair or irregularly between suitably selected layer pairs. However, a particularly stable masonry with high bending capacity is obtained in particular if a metal insert is introduced between each pair of layers.

Advantageously, the metal insert is designed as a metal grid, in particular as a sharp-edged, non-flat-rolled metal grid, and / or as a checker plate. The metal insert has unevenness and no smooth structure. Such bumps may be local bumps or protrusions. These bumps can already be present a priori in the metal insert or form only a posteriori under loads. By means of the unevenness the metal insert burrows in particular into the brick bodies of the respective layers of the

Masonry. The metal insert is designed to absorb occurring tensile forces. Accordingly, it is particularly appropriate to use sharp-edged, not flat-rolled metal mesh, metallic grates and / or pattern-rolled sheets, in particular corrugated sheets and / or safety sheets on both sides, as a metal insert.

The metal insert or the edges of the metal insert must therefore not be additionally processed and smoothed. The sharper-edged the metal insert or the edges of the metal insert or the metal structure, the better. The metal insert can easily dig into the brick body and the adhesion between the brick body and metal insert is improved. In particular, a working step, namely the operation of the flat rolling or the straightening, can thus be omitted in a production process of the metal insert. Costs for the metal insert and the masonry can thus be reduced.

According to the invention, the metal insert is made of stainless steel. In particular, it makes sense to form the metal insert made of stainless steel when the metal insert or the masonry is exposed to temperatures of more than 300 ° C in particular. Thus, scaling of low alloy steel which can occur at such temperatures can be avoided. According to the brick body of the masonry are ground flat. The tensile forces acting on horizontal loads, which occur in particular at the edges of the flat-ground upper or lower side of the brick body, are absorbed by the metal insert.

Preferably, the metal insert is formed as a stretched grid and / or as a spot welding grid. The expanded metal mesh has stitches, in particular loops formed as lozenges, with a dimension of in particular 6x3.7x0.5x0.5 mm. Such an expanded metal mesh is created, in particular, by providing a sheet with continuous rows of slots, wherein the slots of two adjacent rows of slots are each offset by half a slot pitch. As slit division, a slit width plus a distance of two slits lying next to one another in a row of slits is referred to. If the slotted sheet is pulled apart transversely to a slot direction, diamond-shaped openings or meshes are formed which are delimited by corrugated webs. Plug-in grids have a high bending strength in the direction of the former slots.

The spot welding grid has meshes, in particular square meshes, with a dimension of in particular 10 × 10 × 1 mm. In spot welding grids are located at intersections of metal bars by a double

Material thickness local unevenness, through which the spot welding grid can dig into the brick body of the respective layers of the masonry and can produce a frictional connection.

The invention further relates to uses of masonry, a method for producing the masonry, as well as a hot storage tank system with the masonry as the foundation of the hot storage tank system. Embodiments of this

uses according to the invention, the method and the hot storage tank system resulting from the above description of the masonry according to the invention in an analogous manner.

According to the masonry is used as a masonry, which is a temperature between ambient temperature and 750 ° C, in particular between 300 ° C and 600 ° C, in particular between 300 ° C and 450 ° C, exposed. By such high temperatures, it is not possible to use mortar, in particular conventional tree grout, for the masonry, as this would be attacked by the high temperatures. The inventive realization that metal inserts can be used to reinforce masonry without adhesives or mortar in masonry joints, also a masonry, which for such high

Temperatures is used, secured against acting due to horizontal loads tensile forces and high loads perpendicular to the masonry level.

The masonry according to the invention is particularly suitable for a

Hot storage tank system, in particular as a foundation of a

Hot storage tank system. Such a hot storage tank system may be formed, for example, as a liquid salt storage.

An inventive method for producing a masonry is particularly suitable for building construction and plant construction, especially in earthquake-prone regions. In the course of the method according to the invention, in particular, the brick body can be fixed during the construction of a brick wall of the masonry with a suitable construction foam. This can ensure that the brick body does not slip during the construction of the brick wall. Of the

But construction foam does not absorb any forces and connects the layers of the

Masonry not frictionally with each other. Only the metal inserts create an adhesion between the layers of the masonry.

It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the particular combination indicated, but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

The invention is illustrated schematically with reference to an embodiment in the drawing and will be described in detail below with reference to the drawing.

figure description Figure 1 shows an exemplary arrangement for a hot storage tank system with a masonry foundation according to an embodiment of the present invention. The one in the single figure 1 (not to scale) shown schematically

Hot storage tank system 1 comprises a hot storage tank 10 with a

Tank bottom plate 100. Below the tank bottom plate 100 there is a masonry designed as a foundation 1 1 masonry according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. The foundation 1 1 rests on a concrete foundation 1 13. In the tank 10 is a medium 14, which may be salt, for example. In the illustrated embodiment, the hot storage tank 10 is insulated upwardly and to the sides with glass wool 15.

The foundation 1 1 comprises a plurality of layers 105, 106, 108, 109, 11, 12 of plane-ground bricks formed as bricks 12. For better stability, the bricks are rotated in superimposed layers in each case by 90 ° to each other. The layers 105, 106, 108, 109, 111, 1 12 are loosely placed on each other without adhesive or mortar. Due to the high weight of the filled with the medium 14 hot storage tank 10, which acts on the foundation, and the weight of the foundation 11, the individual layers 105, 106, 108, 109, 11 1, 1 12 are non-positively connected without mortar.

Between the layers 106 and 108 and between the layers 109 and 1 1 1 each formed as a metal mesh 107 and 1 10 metal inserts are arranged. The metal lattices are formed, for example, as expanded lattice and / or spot welding lattice and loose between the respective layers 106 and 108 or the

Layers 109 and 1 1 1 introduced. By the weight of the filled with the medium 14 hot storage tank 10 and the foundation 1 1 itself dig the

Metal lattice 107 and 1 10 in the bricks 12 of the layers 106, 108, 109 and 1 1 1 and connect non-positively with the bricks of these layers.

The illustrated foundation 1 1 is particularly suitable for a hot storage tank 10, which holds a medium 14 or should summarize, which in particular has a temperature between 300 ° C and 450 ° C. Since the metal mesh 107 and 1 10 thus Temperatures of about 300 ° C may be exposed, the metal mesh 107 and 1 10 are formed of stainless steel.

In this particular example of a hot storage tank system 1, immediately below the tank bottom 100, there are initially one or more intermediate layers 101. These intermediate layers 101 serve to uniformly apply the hot storage tank 10, the pressure distribution and as sliding layers for the different thermal expansion of the hot storage tank 10 and foundation 11.

The intermediate layers 101 may in particular comprise a leveling layer, e.g. clay and / or sand, a stainless steel membrane and / or a floor tile layer.

Between the lowest intermediate layers 101 and the uppermost layer 105 of the foundation 1 1, a further metal grid 104 is introduced to the foundation 1 1 and the hot storage tank system 1 against high loads occurring,

for example, by earthquakes.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Hot storage tank system

Hot storage tank

foundation

brick

medium

glass wool

Tank bottom plate

interlayers

, 107, 110 Metal insert (metal mesh, expanded metal,

Spot Welding grid)

, 106, 108, 109, 111, 112 brick layers

concrete foundation

Claims

claims

1. masonry (1 1) of brick bodies (12), wherein the brick body (12) in at least two layers (106, 108) without mortar or other permanently forces adhesive adhesive are placed on each other and wherein in each case a metal insert (107) between the at least two layers (106, 08) is introduced, characterized in that the metal insert (107) has local irregularities and / or forms under load and is made of stainless steel and the brick body (12) are ground flat.

2. masonry (1 1) according to claim 1, wherein each of a metal insert (107)

between the at least two layers (106, 108) is loosely inserted.

3. masonry (1 1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the metal insert (107) as a metal mesh, in particular as a sharp-edged, non-flat rolled metal mesh (107), and / or is designed as a corrugated sheet.

4. masonry (1 1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the metal insert (107) is formed as a stretched grid and / or as a spot welding grid.

5. Use of masonry (1 1) according to any one of the preceding claims as a masonry (1 1) having a temperature between an ambient temperature and 750 ° C, in particular between 300 ° C and 600 ° C, more particularly between 300 ° C and 450 ° C, is exposed.

6. Use of masonry (1 1) according to one of claims 1 to 5 as a masonry (1 1) a hot storage tank system (1), in particular as a

Foundation (11) of a hot storage tank system (1).

7. hot storage tank system (1), comprising a foundation (1 1), characterized

characterized in that a masonry according to one of claims 1 to 4 as the

Foundation (1 1) of the hot storage tank system (1) is formed.

8. A method for producing a brickwork (11) from brick bodies (12), wherein the brick body (12) in at least two layers (106, 108) are placed on each other, wherein

- On one of the two layers (106) of brick bodies (12) a metal insert (107) loose and without mortar or other permanent forces

transferring adhesive is applied and

the other of the two layers (108) of brick bodies (12) on the

Metal insert (107) is applied loosely and without mortar or other permanent forces-transmitting adhesive, characterized in that

- The metal insert (107) has local unevenness and / or forms under load and is made of stainless steel and

- The brick bodies are ground flat.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that at least two superimposed layers (106, 108) of brick bodies (12) by means of

Building foam to be fixed.