WO2015000372A1 - 一种太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护装置 - Google Patents

一种太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015000372A1
WO2015000372A1 PCT/CN2014/080573 CN2014080573W WO2015000372A1 WO 2015000372 A1 WO2015000372 A1 WO 2015000372A1 CN 2014080573 W CN2014080573 W CN 2014080573W WO 2015000372 A1 WO2015000372 A1 WO 2015000372A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat absorber
stirling engine
ring
protection device
rotating shaft
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Application number
PCT/CN2014/080573
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王曙辉
余明果
龙罡
王步根
周堃
黄剑锋
Original Assignee
湘电集团有限公司
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Application filed by 湘电集团有限公司 filed Critical 湘电集团有限公司
Publication of WO2015000372A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015000372A1/zh

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/20Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S40/00Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
    • F24S40/10Protective covers or shrouds; Closure members, e.g. lids
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S40/00Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
    • F24S40/50Preventing overheating or overpressure
    • F24S40/52Preventing overheating or overpressure by modifying the heat collection, e.g. by defocusing or by changing the position of heat-receiving elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02GHOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G2254/00Heat inputs
    • F02G2254/30Heat inputs using solar radiation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of solar power output devices, in particular to a solar Stirling engine heat absorber protection device.
  • the Stirling engine is the core component that completes the conversion of light energy into thermal energy and further converts into mechanical energy
  • the heat absorber is one of the key components of the solar Stirling engine.
  • the function is to absorb the solar energy concentrated by the concentrating device, convert it into heat energy, and then transfer the heat energy to the working fluid of the engine flowing inside the heat absorbing tube.
  • Stirling engine working fluid is generally a small molecular gas such as hydrogen or helium, and in order to improve the convective heat transfer between the working fluid and the heat absorbing pipe, the working fluid has a high pressure (up to 12 MPa or more). .
  • the hot end parts of the heat sink For the hot end parts of the heat sink, it has the characteristics of large heat flow density, uneven heating of the heated parts, high temperature and high pressure, and the working environment is very harsh.
  • the material of the hot end parts, the temperature field control, and the concentrating device are generated. Parameters such as focal spot energy distribution characteristics have very demanding requirements.
  • the working fluid of the Stirling engine is generally hydrogen or helium with a small heat capacity, and the hot end parts will heat up rapidly, which will be very short. The temperature of the hot end part exceeds the allowable value during the time, even ablation and scrapping. More importantly, if the working fluid is hydrogen, the hydrogen is a flammable gas. Once the endothermic tube is burned through, the high-pressure hydrogen in the tube will be ejected, causing serious consequences.
  • the tracking action of the general dish concentrator is driven by a conventional system such as a speed reducer. Track the action actuator to achieve. Relative to the ground reference, the change of the sun direction is very slow, so the speed ratio of the general reducer is very large, that is, the speed of the tracking action actuator is much lower than the motor speed.
  • the light energy entering the heat sink's glazing port will be cut off, so that the heat sink will not be further heated and overheated and damaged. It is designed for the solar Stirling engine, or the dish-type solar Stirling thermal power system is faced. One of the puzzles.
  • the present invention provides a solar Stirling engine heat absorber protection device, the Stirling engine includes a heat absorber, the heat sink has a calendering port; a light shielding plate, wherein the light shielding plate is rotatably coupled to the heat sink housing such that the light shielding plate rotates to a first position blocking the light opening, or is rotated to a fourth position that completely opens the light opening Position, or rotate to a second position and a third position that partially open the calender.
  • the driver further includes a driver and a rotating shaft disposed on the heat absorber casing, and a transmission mechanism is connected between the driver and the inner end of the rotating shaft, and an outer end of the rotating shaft is connected with the light shielding plate and connected in parallel And a plane of rotation of the rotating shaft is perpendicular to a central axis of the calendering port.
  • an outer side of the front end portion of the heat absorber housing has an annular groove, and the annular groove is provided with a support ring, and the rotating shaft penetrates the front end portion of the heat absorber housing and is opposite to the support ring fixed.
  • the power output end of the transmission mechanism is provided with a driving gear
  • the annular groove is further provided with a driving ring axially positioned by the supporting ring, and the outer circumferential surface of the driving ring is provided with An outer ring gear that meshes with the drive gear;
  • a driven gear is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and an inner circumferential surface of the driving ring is provided with the driven The inner ring gear that the gears mesh with.
  • an inner end of the rotating shaft is connected with a lever, and an extending direction of the axis of the lever is perpendicular to an extending direction of the axis of the rotating shaft;
  • a sliding ball is slidably disposed on the lever, and a pressing ring is disposed on one side of the driving ring, and the sliding ball is located between the driving ring and the pressing ring, and the driving ring and the pressing ring
  • the phase is fixed, and a space is formed between the drive ring and the pressure ring for the lever to swing.
  • the power output end of the driving mechanism is provided with a first sprocket
  • the outer end of the rotating shaft is sleeved with a second sprocket linked with the rotating shaft, the first sprocket and the second chain
  • a chain connected between the wheels.
  • the power output end of the transmission mechanism is provided with a driving flange
  • the end of the rotating shaft is provided with a driven flange
  • the driving flange and the driven flange are integrally connected.
  • the number of the light shielding plates is one.
  • the number of the visors is at least two.
  • the light shielding plate is provided with a light reflecting layer on the front surface thereof.
  • the solar Stirling engine heat absorber protection device provided by the present invention, the Stirling engine includes a heat absorber, the heat sink has a calendering port; and the protection device comprises an opaque device a visor, the visor is rotatably coupled to the heat sink housing such that the visor rotates to a first position that blocks the grading opening, or rotates to a fourth position that completely opens the grading opening Or rotating to a second position and a third position that partially open the calendering port.
  • the visor Under normal working conditions, the visor is in the fourth position, and the sunlight condensed by the concentrator can enter the illuminating port of the heat absorbing device and project on the heat absorbing tube of the heat absorbing device; once the solar Stirling engine works abnormally or appears Failure, the visor rotates rapidly to the first position.
  • the visor is opaque, the sunlight concentrated by the concentrator can be quickly cut off into the illuminating port of the heat absorber, so that the heat absorbing device can no longer absorb the concentrated light energy, and At the same time, the concentrating device is deflected to gradually remove the focal spot from the heat absorber, thereby avoiding the heat sink to continue to heat up and causing overheating damage, thereby ensuring the safety of the engine; in some areas or periods where the light intensity is particularly large, If the sunlight energy entering the calender port of the heat absorber exceeds the allowable power of the engine, the visor can be adjusted to the second position or the third position according to the local sunlight radiation intensity, so that a part of the concentrated sunlight is blocked by the visor and cannot enter the suction. The calendering port of the heater ensures that the solar Stirling engine operates in a safe state, thereby improving the stability of the Stirling engine and improving it. Life motivation.
  • FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of a protective device for a solar Stirling engine heat absorber according to the present invention, and showing a state in which the cover plate is in a first position;
  • Figure 2 is a view in the direction of arrow A of Figure 1, and shows a state in which the cover plate is in the first position
  • Figure 3 is a view in the direction of arrow A in Figure 1, and shows a state in which the cover plate is in the second position
  • 1 is a view showing a state in which the cover plate is at the third position
  • FIG. 5 is a view taken along the line A in FIG. 1 and showing a state in which the cover plate is at the fourth position; Partially enlarged view of I at 1;
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 1;
  • Figure 8 is a front cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the solar Stirling engine protection device of the present invention, showing a state in which the cover plate is in the first position;
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a partial enlarged view of II of Figure 8.
  • Figure 11 is a front cross-sectional view showing a third specific embodiment of the protection device for the solar Stirling engine heat sink provided by the present invention, and showing a state in which the cover plate is in the first position;
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 is a front cross-sectional view showing a fourth specific embodiment of the protection device for the solar Stirling engine heat absorber provided by the present invention, and showing a state in which the cover plate is in the first position;
  • Figure 14 is a view taken along the line D in Figure 13 and showing a state in which the cover plate is in the first position
  • Figure 15 is a view taken in the direction of D in Figure 13 and showing a state in which the cover plate is in the second position.
  • the core of the invention is to provide a solar Stirling engine heat absorber protection device capable of quickly and efficiently cutting off the light path projected onto the heat absorber to avoid the heat absorber Overheated and burned.
  • FIG. 1 is a first embodiment of a protection device for a solar Stirling engine heat absorber provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a view showing a state in which the cover plate is in the first position
  • FIG. 3 is a view showing a state in which the cover plate is in the first position
  • FIG. 4 is a state view of the cover plate in the second position
  • FIG. 4 is a view showing the state of the cover plate in the third position
  • FIG. 5 is a view showing the direction of the cover of FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.
  • the solar Stirling engine heat absorber protection device provided by the present invention, the solar Stirling engine includes a heat absorber, which absorbs light energy, converts light energy into heat energy, and then transmits it to
  • the important task of the engine working fluid includes a heat absorber casing 3 with heat insulation capability, a calender port 7 into which sunlight radiation can enter, and a heat absorption pipe 8 that converts absorbed light energy into heat energy and transmits light to the wages.
  • An annular groove is formed on the outer side of the front end of the heat absorber casing 3, and a support ring 13 is disposed in the annular groove.
  • the support ring 13 is provided with a rotating shaft 16 parallel to the axis of the heat absorber.
  • the rotating shaft 16 is provided with a light shielding plate 6 at one end thereof, and the other end is passed through the front end flange of the heat absorber casing 3, and is fixed on the support ring 13 with the protruding end connected to the lever 15.
  • the lever 15 passes through a sliding ball 14, and the lever 15 and the sliding ball 14 can slide relative to each other.
  • the sliding ball 14 is sandwiched between the driving ring 11 and the pressure ring 12, and the driving ring and the pressing ring
  • the outer ring gear 9 is provided on the outer side of the drive ring 11, and the outer ring gear 9 does not necessarily fill the entire outer circumference of the drive ring 11, that is, the outer ring gear 9 is only a part of the gear.
  • the drive ring 11 simultaneously engages the support ring 13, the heat sink housing 3, and defines its axial position.
  • the housing 3 of the heat sink is provided with a driver 1.
  • the driver 1 can be a motor or other type of driving device, and the power output end thereof is connected to the transmission mechanism 2, and the output end of the transmission mechanism is provided with a driving device.
  • the gear 4, the drive gear 4 meshes with the outer ring gear 9 on the drive ring 11.
  • the visor 6 is turned to the fourth position as shown in FIG. 5, since The light port 7 is completely opened, and the sunlight 5 concentrated by the concentrator can be projected through the calender port 7 on the surface of the heat absorbing tube 8 sealed with high-pressure hydrogen gas or helium gas, and the light energy is converted into the surface of the heat absorbing tube 8 into The heat energy is transmitted to the working fluid flowing in the heat absorbing tube 8, so that the internal energy is raised for the engine to work.
  • the control system issues a designation, the drive 1 begins to act, the drive gear 4 is driven by the actuator 2, and the drive ring 11 is wound around the central axis of the heat absorber via the outer ring gear 9.
  • the sliding ball 14 will also move, thereby driving one end of the lever 15 to swing, and under the action of the lever 15, the rotating shaft 16 will rotate, thereby driving all the The visor 6 rotates with the rotating shaft 16, so that all the visors 6 are quickly in the first position, as shown in FIG.
  • the visor 6 since the visor 6 is blocked in front of the illuminating port 7 of the heat absorbing device, and the visor 6 is opaque, so that the visor 6 prevents the sunlight 5 concentrated by the concentrator from continuing to enter the calender port 7, thereby cutting off the solar radiant energy projected on the heat absorbing tube 8.
  • the concentrating device is deflected to gradually remove the focal spot from the heat absorber, thereby avoiding the overheating damage caused by the heat absorbing device continuing to heat up, greatly extending the practical life of the heat absorbing device, and ensuring the solar Stirling engine. Work safety.
  • the energy entering the heat absorber through the calender port 7 exceeds when the calender port 7 is fully opened.
  • the design load of the solar Stirling engine at this time, depending on the actual situation, rotate the visor 6 to the second position shown in FIG. 3, or the third position shown in FIG. 4, so that a part of the concentrated sunlight is blocked by the visor 6 It is not possible to enter the calender port 7 of the heat absorber to ensure that the solar Stirling engine operates in a safe state, thereby improving the operational stability and service life of the solar Stirling engine.
  • the visor 6 may be provided with a reflective layer on the incident side of the sunlight, which will be projected on the visor 6 The radiant energy can be reflected out.
  • FIG. 8 is a front cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the solar Stirling engine protection device according to the present invention, and showing a state in which the cover plate is in the first position;
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC of Figure 8;
  • Figure 10 is a partially enlarged view of the portion II of Figure 8.
  • the rotating shaft 16 is fixed on the support ring 13 and the protruding end thereof is provided with a driven tooth In the wheel 18, the drive ring 11 is provided with an internal ring gear 17, and the driven gear 18 meshes with the ring gear 17.
  • the pressing ring 12, the sliding ball 14, the lever 15, and the like are removed.
  • FIG. 11 is a front cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of a protection device for a solar Stirling engine heat absorber according to the present invention, and showing a state in which the cover plate is in the first position.
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE of Figure 11 .
  • the driver 1 rotates the first sprocket 10 through the transmission mechanism 2, and drives the chain 19 to move, and under the action of the chain 19, drives all the first
  • the two sprocket wheels 20 rotate, thereby driving the rotating shaft 16 to rotate, so that the visor 6 is at different positions, thereby realizing the solar radiant energy input of cutting off the calendering port 7 in the event of an engine failure, and preventing partial sunlight radiant energy input when the engine is overpowered.
  • FIG. 13 is a front cross-sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of a protection device for a solar Stirling engine heat absorber according to the present invention, and showing the cover plate in a first position.
  • Figure 14 is a view in the direction of arrow D of Figure 13, and shows a state in which the cover plate is in the first position;
  • Figure 15 is a view taken in the direction of D in Figure 13 and shows the state in which the cover plate is in the second position.
  • orientation words "front” appearing herein refer to the direction from right to left in FIG. 1, and the orientation word “radial” refers to the direction in which the central axis of the heat absorber of FIG. 1 extends upward and downward; It should be understood that the appearances of these orientations are set forth on the basis of the drawings of the specification, and their appearance should not affect the scope of the invention.
  • the solar Stirling engine heat absorber protection device provided in the present invention, the Stirling engine includes a heat absorber, the heat sink has a calendering port; and the protection device comprises an opaque device.
  • a visor the visor being rotatably coupled to the heat sink housing such that the visor rotates to a first position that blocks the grading opening, or rotates to a fourth position that completely opens the grading opening, Or rotating to a second position and a third position that partially open the calendering port.
  • the visor Under normal working conditions, the visor is in the fourth position, and the sunlight concentrated by the concentrator can enter the illuminating port of the heat absorbing device and project on the heat absorbing tube of the heat absorbing device; once the solar Stirling engine works abnormally or appears Failure, the visor rotates rapidly to the first position.
  • the visor is opaque, the sunlight concentrated by the concentrator can be quickly cut off into the illuminating port of the heat absorber, so that the heat absorbing device can no longer absorb the concentrated light energy, and At the same time, the concentrating device is deflected to gradually remove the focal spot from the heat absorber, thereby avoiding the heat sink to continue to heat up and causing overheating damage, thereby ensuring the safety of the engine; in some areas or periods where the light intensity is particularly large, If the sunlight energy entering the calender port of the heat absorber exceeds the allowable power of the engine, the visor can be adjusted to the second position or the third position according to the local sunlight radiation intensity, so that a part of the concentrated sunlight is blocked by the visor and cannot enter the suction.
  • the calendering port of the heater ensures that the solar Stirling engine operates in a safe state, thereby improving the operational stability of the Stirling engine. And improve the life of the engine.

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Abstract

一种太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护装置,斯特林发动机包括吸热器,吸热器具有采光口(7);保护装置包括不透光的遮光板(6),遮光板(6)与吸热器外壳(3)转动连接,以便遮光板(6)转动至遮挡采光口(7)的第一位置,或者转动至完全打开采光口(7)的第四位置,或者转动至部分打开采光口(7)的第二位置和第三位置。该太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护装置能够快速有效地将投射到吸热器上的光路切断,以避免吸热器过热烧毁。

Description

一种太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护装置
本申请要求于 2013 年 7 月 3 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201310277701.5、 发明名称为 "一种太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护装置" 的 中国专利申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及太阳能动力输出设备技术领域 ,特别涉及一种太阳能斯特林发 动机吸热器保护装置。
背景技术
在目前的生产生活中,太阳能热发电利用具有越来越重要的社会和经济意 义。 而太阳能热发电利用的一种重要技术路线是碟式斯特林系统, 即釆用碟式 聚光器搭配斯特林发动机的方式, 这种方式具有非常灵活的模块化部署能力、 很高的光热转化效率,以及很高的利用系数,因而日益受到广泛的关注与重视。
在碟式斯特林太阳能热发电系统中, 斯特林发动机是完成光能向热能转 化, 并进一步向机械能转化的核心部件, 而吸热器作为太阳能斯特林发动机的 关键部件之一, 其作用是吸收聚光装置汇聚的太阳光能, 并将其转化为热能, 然后将热能顺利传递给吸热管内部流动的发动机的工质。斯特林发动机工质一 般为氢气或者氦气等小分子气体,并且为了改善工质与吸热管之间的对流换热 能力, 往往使工质具有很高的压力(最高可达 12MPa以上)。 对于吸热器的热 端部件来说, 具有热流密度大、 受热部位不均勾、 承受高温高压等工作特征, 工作环境十分恶劣, 对热端部件的材料、 温度场控制、 聚光装置产生的焦斑能 量分布特征等参数均具有十分苛刻的要求。
一旦由于某些故障造成发动机停止工作,需要快速将聚光器形成的焦斑从 釆光口移开, 不然大量的光能投射在在吸热管上, 而吸热管内部的工质又不能 将热量顺利带走,将造成吸热器热端部件快速升温,加之斯特林发动机的工质 一般都是热容很小的氢气或者氦气, 热端部件会快速升温,将在很短的时间内 致使热端部件的温度超过许用值, 甚至烧蚀、 报废。 更为重要的是, 如果工质 为氢气, 则氢气属于易燃气体, 一旦吸热管烧穿, 管内的高压氢气会喷出, 造 成严重的后果。
一般碟式聚光器的对日跟踪动作是电机通过减速器等一套传统系统驱动 跟踪动作执行机构来实现的。相对于地面参照物来说, 太阳方向的变化速度很 慢, 所以一般减速器的速比非常大,也即跟踪动作执行机构的转速比电机转速 低得多。一旦需要将聚光器产生的焦斑从吸热器采光口移开, 则需要很长的时 间, 即使提高聚光器驱动装置的转速,也难以在短短几秒钟时间内将焦斑从发 动机吸热器的釆光口完全移开、 使发动机处于安全状态。
紧急情况下, 快速将将进入吸热器釆光口的光能切断、使吸热器不至于进 一步升温而过热损坏,是设计太阳能斯特林发动机, 或者碟式太阳能斯特林热 发电系统面临的难题之一。
因此,如何提供一种能够快速有效地将投射到吸热器上的光路切断, 以避 免吸热器过热烧毁的太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护装置是本领域技术人员 目前需要解决的重要技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护装置,该太阳能 斯特林发动机吸热器保护装置能够快速有效地将投射到吸热器上的光路切断, 以避免吸热器过热烧毁。
为解决上述技术问题, 本发明提供一种太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护 装置, 所述斯特林发动机包括吸热器, 所述吸热器具有釆光口; 所述保护装置 包括不透光的遮光板, 所述遮光板与所述吸热器外壳转动连接, 以便所述遮光 板转动至遮挡所述釆光口的第一位置,或者转动至完全打开所述釆光口的第四 位置, 或者转动至部分打开所述釆光口的第二位置和第三位置。
优选地,还包括设置在所述吸热器外壳上的驱动器及转轴, 所述驱动器与 所述转轴的内端间连接有传动机构,所述转轴的外端与所述遮光板相连接并联 动, 且所述转轴的旋转平面与所述釆光口的中轴线相垂直。
优选地, 所述吸热器外壳的前端部的外侧具有环形凹槽, 所述环形凹槽内 设有支撑环, 所述转轴贯穿所述吸热器外壳的前端部并与所述支撑环相固定。
优选地, 所述传动机构的动力输出端设有驱动齿轮, 所述环形凹槽内还设 有由所述支撑环轴向定位的驱动环,所述驱动环的外周面上设置有与所述驱动 齿轮相啮合的外齿圈;
所述转轴上套设有从动齿轮,且所述驱动环的内周面上设置有与所述从动 齿轮相啮合的内齿圈。
优选地, 所述转轴的内端部连接有拨杆,且所述拨杆的轴线的延伸方向与 所述转轴的轴线的延伸方向相垂直;
所述拨杆上可滑动地套设有滑动球, 所述驱动环的一侧设置有压环, 所述 滑动球位于所述驱动环与压环之间, 所述驱动环与所述压环间相固定,且所述 驱动环与所述压环间形成可供所述拨杆摆动的空间。
优选地,驱动机构的动力输出端设有第一链轮, 所述转轴的外端部套设有 与所述转轴相联动的第二链轮, 所述第一链轮与所述第二链轮之间连接有链 条。
优选地, 所述传动机构动力输出端设有驱动法兰, 所述转轴的端部设有从 动法兰, 并将所述驱动法兰和从动法兰连接一体。
优选地, 所述遮光板的数量为 1个。
优选地, 所述遮光板的数量至少为 2个。
优选地, 所述遮光板的前表面上设有反光层。
相对上述背景技术, 本发明所提供的太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护装 置, 所述斯特林发动机包括吸热器, 所述吸热器具有釆光口; 所述保护装置包 括不透光的遮光板, 所述遮光板与所述吸热器外壳转动连接, 以便所述遮光板 转动至遮挡所述釆光口的第一位置,或者转动至完全打开所述釆光口的第四位 置, 或者转动至部分打开所述釆光口的第二位置和第三位置。在正常工作状态 下, 遮光板处于第四位置, 经聚光器汇聚的阳光可进入吸热器的釆光口投射在 吸热器的吸热管上; 一旦太阳能斯特林发动机工作异常或者出现故障, 遮光板 快速转动至第一位置, 由于遮光板不透光, 可以快速截断经聚光器汇聚的阳光 进入吸热器的釆光口, 使得吸热器不能再吸收汇聚的光能, 与此同时, 偏转聚 光器, 使焦斑从吸热器上逐渐移开, 避免了吸热器继续升温而引起过热损坏, 从而保证发动机的安全; 在某些光照强度特别大的地区或时段, 进入吸热器釆 光口的阳光能量如果超出发动机的许用功率,可视当地的阳光辐射强度调整遮 光板至第二位置或者第三位置,使得一部分汇聚的阳光被遮光板遮挡而不能进 入吸热器的釆光口,保证太阳能斯特林发动机在安全状态下运行,从而提高斯 特林发动机的运行稳定性、 并提高发动机的使用寿命。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施 例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地, 下面描述 中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付 出创造性劳动的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1 为本发明所提供太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器的保护装置的第一种具 体实施方式的正剖视图, 同时示出了罩板位于第一位置的状态图;
图 2为图 1的 A向视图, 并示出了罩板位于第一位置的状态图; 图 3为图 1的 A向视图, 并示出了罩板位于第二位置的状态图; 图 4为图 1的 A向视图, 并示出了罩板位于第三位置的状态图; 图 5为图 1的 A向视图, 并示出了罩板位于第四位置的状态图; 图 6为图 1的 I处局部放大图;
图 7为图 1的 B-B向剖视图;
图 8 为本发明所提供太阳能斯特林发动机保护装置的第二种具体实施方 式的正剖视图, 同时示出了罩板位于第一位置的状态图;
图 9为图 8的 C-C向剖视图;
图 10为图 8的 II处局部放大图;
图 11为本发明所提供太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器的保护装置的第三种具 体实施方式的正剖视图, 同时示出了罩板位于第一位置的状态图;
图 12为图 11的 E-E向剖视图;
图 13为本发明所提供太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器的保护装置的第四种具 体实施方式的正剖视图, 同时示出了罩板位于第一位置的状态图;
图 14为图 13的 D向视图, 并示出了罩板位于第一位置的状态图; 图 15为图 13的 D向视图, 并示出了罩板位于第二位置的状态图。
具体实施方式
本发明的核心是提供一种太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护装置,该太阳能 斯特林发动机吸热器保护装置能够快速有效地将投射到吸热器上的光路切断, 以避免吸热器过热烧毁。
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案,下面结合附图和具体实 施方式对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
实施例 1 :
请参考图 1、 图 2、 图 3、 图 4、 图 5、 图 6和图 7 , 图 1为本发明所提供 太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器的保护装置的第一种具体实施方式的正剖视图,同 时示出了罩板位于第一位置的状态图; 图 2为图 1的 A向视图, 并示出了罩 板位于第一位置的状态图; 图 3为图 1的 A向视图, 并示出了罩板位于第二 位置的状态图; 图 4为图 1的 A向视图, 并示出了罩板位于第三位置的状态 图; 图 5为图 1的 A向视图, 并示出了罩板位于第四位置的状态图; 图 6为 图 1的 I处局部放大图; 图 7为图 1的 B-B向剖视图。
在具体实施方式中, 本发明所提供的太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护装 置, 所述太阳能斯特林发动机包括吸热器, 承担吸收光能, 并将光能转化为热 能,然后传递给发动机工质的重要任务,其包括带有绝热能力的吸热器外壳 3、 阳光辐射能进入的釆光口 7 , 以及将吸收光能转为热能避光传递给工资的吸热 管 8。
在所述吸热器外壳 3前端外侧开有一道环形凹槽,所述的环形凹槽内设有 支撑环 13 , 所述的支撑环 13上设有与所述吸热器轴线平行的转轴 16, 所述转 轴 16的一端上设有遮光板 6, 另一端穿过吸热器外壳 3的前端凸缘、 固定在 所述的支撑环 13上, 其伸出的端头与拨杆 15连接, 所述的拨杆 15穿过一个 滑动球 14 , 所述的拨杆 15与滑动球 14之间可相互滑动。
所述的滑动球 14被夹在驱动环 11与压环 12之间, 所述的驱动环与压环
12通过紧固件联成一体, 并有供拨杆 15摆动的空间, 所述的滑动球 14在驱 动环 11及压环 12之间可以转动。
所述的驱动环 11外侧设有外齿圈 9, 所述的外齿圈 9不一定布满了驱动 环 11的整个外圓面, 也即外齿圈 9仅仅是齿轮的一部分。 所述的驱动环 11同 时与支撑环 13、 吸热器外壳 3配合, 并限定其轴向位置。
所述吸热器的外壳 3上设有驱动器 1 , 所述的驱动器 1可以是电机, 或者 其他形式的驱动装置, 其动力输出端与传动机构 2相连, 所述的传动机构出口 端设有驱动齿轮 4, 所述的驱动齿轮 4与驱动环 11上的外齿圈 9啮合。
在正常工作的情况下, 遮光板 6转至如图 5所示的第四位置, 由于此时釆 光口 7完全打开,经聚光器汇聚的太阳光 5可以通过釆光口 7投射在密封有高 压氢气或氦气工质的吸热管 8的表面, 光能在吸热管 8表面转化成热能, 并传 递给流动在吸热管 8内的工质, 使其内能升高以供发动机做功。
一旦太阳能斯特林发动机出现紧急情况或出现故障时, 控制系统发出指 定, 驱动器 1开始动作, 通过传动器 2带动驱动齿轮 4, 进而通过外齿圈 9使 得驱动环 11绕吸热器的中轴线旋转一个角度, 在驱动环 11的作用下, 滑动球 14也会随之运动, 从而带动拨杆 15的一端摆动, 在拨杆 15的作用下, 所述 的转轴 16会转动, 从而带动所有的遮光板 6随着转轴 16转动, 使得所有的遮 光板 6快速处于第一位置, 如图 2所示, 由于此时遮光板 6遮挡在吸热器的釆 光口 7的前面, 且该遮光板 6不透光, 因此该遮光板 6阻止了经聚光器汇聚的 阳光 5继续进入釆光口 7 , 从而切断了投射在吸热管 8上的阳光辐射能。 与此 同时, 偏转聚光器, 使焦斑从吸热器上逐渐移开, 避免了吸热器继续升温而引 起过热损坏, 大大延长了吸热器的实用寿命, 保证太阳能斯特林发动机的工作 安全性。
另外, 在太阳能辐照强度很大的地域的某些时段, 由于聚光器汇聚的阳光 能量很多, 在釆光口 7全开的状态下, 通过釆光口 7进入吸热器的能量会超过 太阳能斯特林发动机的设计负荷, 此时可视实际情况, 转动遮光板 6至图 3所 示的第二位置, 或者图 4所示的第三位置, 使得一部分汇聚的阳光被遮光板 6 遮挡而不能进入吸热器的釆光口 7 , 保证太阳能斯特林发动机在安全状态下运 行, 从而提高太阳能斯特林发动机的运行稳定性及其使用寿命。
对于大功率的聚光器来说,为了保证所述的遮光板 6不至于给汇聚的阳光 5烧毁, 可以将所述遮光板 6在阳光入射一侧设置反射层, 将投射在遮光板 6 上的辐射能反射出去。
实施例 2:
请参考图 8、 图 9和图 10, 图 8为本发明所提供太阳能斯特林发动机保护 装置的第二种具体实施方式的正剖视图,同时示出了罩板位于第一位置的状态 图; 图 9为图 8的 C-C向剖视图; 图 10为图 8的 II处局部放大图。
本实施例与实施例 1的不同之处在于:
1 ) 所述的转轴 16固定在所述的支撑环 13上, 其伸出的端头设有从动齿 轮 18,所述的驱动环 11设有内齿圈 17 ,所述的从动齿轮 18与内齿圈 17啮合。 取消压环 12、 滑动球 14、 拨杆 15等部分。
2 ) 需要调整吸热器釆光口 7的输入光能时, 驱动器 1通过传动机构 2、 驱动齿轮 4使得驱动环 11绕吸热器中轴线旋转时, 驱动环 11通过其内齿圈 17驱动所有的从动齿轮 18转动, 进而带动遮光板 6处于不同的位置, 从而实 现在发动机故障时切断釆光口 7的阳光辐射能输入,以及发动机超功率时阻止 部分阳光辐射能输入。
实施例 3:
请参考图 11和图 12, 图 11为本发明所提供太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器 的保护装置的第三种具体实施方式的正剖视图,同时示出了罩板位于第一位置 的状态图; 图 12为图 11的 E-E向剖视图。
本实施例与实施例 2的不同之处在于:
1 )取消所述的驱动环 11、 驱动齿轮 4、 从动齿轮 18, 相应在所述的传动 器 2动力输出端设有第一链轮 10 , 所述的转轴 16顶端设有第二链轮 20, 在第 一链轮 10和第二链轮 20之间通过链条 19连接;
2 ) 需要调整吸热器釆光口 7的输入光能时, 驱动器 1通过传动机构 2使 得第一链轮 10转动, 带动所述的链条 19运动, 在链条 19的作用下, 带动所 有的第二链轮 20转动,从而带动转轴 16转动,使得遮光板 6处于不同的位置, 从而实现在发动机故障时切断釆光口 7的阳光辐射能输入,以及发动机超功率 时阻止部分阳光辐射能输入。
实施例 4:
请参考图 13、 图 14和图 15 , 图 13为本发明所提供太阳能斯特林发动机 吸热器的保护装置的第四种具体实施方式的正剖视图,同时示出了罩板位于第 一位置的状态图; 图 14为图 13的 D向视图, 并示出了罩板位于第一位置的 状态图; 图 15为图 13的 D向视图, 并示出了罩板位于第二位置的状态图。
本实施例与实施例 3的不同之处在于:
1 )取消吸热器外壳 3上的环槽, 以及第一链轮 10、 第二链轮 18, 以及链 条 19, 在所述的传动装置 2动力输出端设有驱动法兰 22; 在所述的转轴 16的 端部设有从动法兰 21 , 并将所述的驱动法兰 22和从动法兰 21连接一体。 2 ) 需要调整吸热器釆光口 7的输入光能时, 驱动器 1通过传动机构 2使 得驱动法兰 22转动, 带动从动法兰 21、 转轴 12转动, 进而带动遮光板处于 不同的位置, 如图 14、 图 15所示。
应当明确, 本文中出现的方位词 "前方"分别指的是图 1中从右到左的方 向, 方位词 "径向"指的是图 1中的吸热器中轴线向上下延伸的方向; 应当理 解, 这些方位词的出现是以说明书附图为基准而设立的, 它们的出现不应当影 响本发明的保护范围。
综上可知, 本发明中提供的太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护装置, 所述斯 特林发动机包括吸热器, 所述吸热器具有釆光口; 所述保护装置包括不透光的 遮光板, 所述遮光板与所述吸热器外壳转动连接, 以便所述遮光板转动至遮挡 所述釆光口的第一位置, 或者转动至完全打开所述釆光口的第四位置, 或者转 动至部分打开所述釆光口的第二位置和第三位置。 在正常工作状态下, 遮光板 处于第四位置,经聚光器汇聚的阳光可进入吸热器的釆光口投射在吸热器的吸 热管上; 一旦太阳能斯特林发动机工作异常或者出现故障, 遮光板快速转动至 第一位置, 由于遮光板不透光, 可以快速截断经聚光器汇聚的阳光进入吸热器 的釆光口, 使得吸热器不能再吸收汇聚的光能, 与此同时, 偏转聚光器, 使焦 斑从吸热器上逐渐移开, 避免了吸热器继续升温而引起过热损坏, 从而保证发 动机的安全; 在某些光照强度特别大的地区或时段, 进入吸热器釆光口的阳光 能量如果超出发动机的许用功率,可视当地的阳光辐射强度调整遮光板至第二 位置或者第三位置,使得一部分汇聚的阳光被遮光板遮挡而不能进入吸热器的 釆光口,保证太阳能斯特林发动机在安全状态下运行, 从而提高斯特林发动机 的运行稳定性、 并提高发动机的使用寿命。
以上对本发明所提供的太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护装置进行了详细 施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。应当指出, 对于本 技术领域的普通技术人员来说, 在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以对本发 明进行若干改进和修饰, 这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围 内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护装置, 所述斯特林发动机包括吸 热器, 所述吸热器具有釆光口 (7); 其特征在于: 所述保护装置包括不透光的 遮光板 ( 6 ), 所述遮光板 ( 6 )与所述吸热器外壳 ( 3 )转动连接, 以便所述遮 光板(6)转动至遮挡所述釆光口 (7)的第一位置, 或者转动至完全打开所述 釆光口 (7)的第四位置, 或者转动至部分打开所述釆光口 (7)的第二位置和 第三位置。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护装置, 其特征 在于: 还包括设置在所述吸热器外壳 (3)上的驱动器(1 )及转轴(16), 所 述驱动器( 1 )与所述转轴( 16 )的内端间连接有传动机构( 2 ), 所述转轴( 16 ) 的外端与所述遮光板(6)相连接并联动, 且所述转轴(16) 的旋转平面与所 述釆光口 (7) 的中轴线相垂直。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护装置, 其特征 在于: 所述吸热器外壳 (3 ) 的前端部的外侧具有环形凹槽, 所述环形凹槽内 设有支撑环( 13 ), 所述转轴( 16 )贯穿所述吸热器外壳( 3 )的前端部并与所 述支撑环(13)相固定。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护装置, 其特征 在于: 所述传动机构 (2) 的动力输出端设有驱动齿轮(4), 所述环形凹槽内 还设有由所述支撑环( 13 )轴向定位的驱动环 ( 11 ), 所述驱动环 ( 11 ) 的外 周面上设置有与所述驱动齿轮(4)相啮合的外齿圈 (9);
所述转轴(16)上套设有从动齿轮(18), 且所述驱动环(11 ) 的内周面 上设置有与所述从动齿轮(18)相啮合的内齿圈 (17)。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护装置, 其特征 在于: 所述转轴(16) 的内端部连接有拨杆(15), 且所述拨杆(15) 的轴线 的延伸方向与所述转轴(16) 的轴线的延伸方向相垂直;
所述拨杆( 15 )上可滑动地套设有滑动球( 14 ), 所述驱动环 ( 11 ) 的一 侧设置有压环, 所述滑动球 ( 14 )位于所述驱动环 ( 11 )与压环 ( 12 )之间, 所述驱动环 ( 11 )与所述压环 ( 12) 间相固定, 且所述驱动环 ( 11 )与所述压 环 (12) 间形成可供所述拨杆(15)摆动的空间。
6、 根据权利要求 3所述的太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护装置, 其特征 在于: 所述驱动机构 (2) 的动力输出端设有第一链轮(10), 所述转轴(16) 的外端部套设有与所述转轴( 16 )相联动的第二链轮(20 ),所述第一链轮( 10 ) 与所述第二链轮( 20 )之间连接有链条( 19 )。
7、 根据权利要求 2所述的太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护装置, 其特征 在于: 所述传动机构(2)动力输出端设有驱动法兰(22), 所述转轴(16)的 端部设有从动法兰 (21 ), 并将所述驱动法兰 (22)和从动法兰 (21 )连接一 体。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护装置, 其特征 在于: 所述遮光板(6) 的数量为 1个。
9、 根据权利要求 1-6 中任一项所述的太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护装 置, 其特征在于: 所述遮光板(6) 的数量至少为 2个。
10、根据权利要求 1-7中任一项所述的太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护装 置, 其特征在于: 所述遮光板(6) 的前表面上设有反光层。
PCT/CN2014/080573 2013-07-03 2014-06-24 一种太阳能斯特林发动机吸热器保护装置 WO2015000372A1 (zh)

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