WO2014208419A1 - Electrical contact material and method for manufacturing same - Google Patents
Electrical contact material and method for manufacturing same Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014208419A1 WO2014208419A1 PCT/JP2014/066166 JP2014066166W WO2014208419A1 WO 2014208419 A1 WO2014208419 A1 WO 2014208419A1 JP 2014066166 W JP2014066166 W JP 2014066166W WO 2014208419 A1 WO2014208419 A1 WO 2014208419A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
- C22C1/1042—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by atomising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
- C22C1/1047—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites
- C22C1/1052—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites by mixing and casting metal matrix composites with reaction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
- C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0021—Matrix based on noble metals, Cu or alloys thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/14—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of noble metals or alloys based thereon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
- H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
- H01H11/048—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by powder-metallurgical processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/20—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
- B22F2003/208—Warm or hot extruding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0892—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid casting nozzle; controlling metal stream in or after the casting nozzle
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
- H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
- H01H1/02372—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing as major components one or more oxides of the following elements only: Cd, Sn, Zn, In, Bi, Sb or Te
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
- H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
- H01H2001/02378—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing iron-oxide as major component
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrical contact material and a manufacturing method thereof.
- this invention relates to the electrical contact material used for the circuit breaker for air
- Electrical contact materials used in air circuit breakers and switches are composed mainly of Ag, which has high electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, and excellent oxidation resistance, and refractory refractory metals, carbides, oxides, etc.
- An electrical contact material made of an alloy containing is used (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3).
- the above-mentioned electrical contact materials contain oxides, carbides and the like from the viewpoint of improving the performance as an electrical contact (welding resistance, wear resistance, contact resistance, etc.).
- a metal oxidation process is generally performed by an internal oxidation method.
- the internal oxidation method if the amount of the metal to be oxidized is increased, the oxidation reaction does not proceed sufficiently, so that it is difficult to increase the amount of the oxide, and the workability after the oxidation treatment is lowered. is there.
- the amount of oxide generally has a significant impact on the cost of electrical contact materials.
- the cost of electrical contact materials produced by the internal oxidation method has increased due to the increasing price of Ag with political or economic problems and increasing demand in emerging countries. Therefore, it is highly desirable to reduce the cost of electrical contact materials by increasing the amount of oxide.
- the internal oxidation method generally has many manufacturing processes and requires an enormous amount of time for oxidation time, rolling, and the like, which causes an increase in cost.
- the pre-oxidation method in which the alloy is internally oxidized after the alloy is formed into a desired contact shape, is now mass-produced. It has been widely used industrially because of its excellent properties.
- the electrical contact material manufactured by this method is subjected to plastic deformation such as wire drawing and header processing to form a desired contact shape after internal oxidation, the bonding force at the interface between Ag and oxide becomes fragile and there is a problem that characteristics such as welding resistance are deteriorated.
- the oxide may be layered or needle-like, and the oxide is unevenly present in the alloy. There is also a problem that the performance of the material is reduced.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can increase the amount of oxides and can be manufactured at low cost, and can improve performance and workability as an electrical contact.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an excellent electrical contact material and a manufacturing method thereof.
- the inventors of the present invention have made it possible to atomize a gas containing metal oxide particles other than Ag onto molten Ag and rapidly solidify it by spraying. Compared with the oxidation method, the amount of oxide contained in the electrical contact material can be increased, and an alloy powder in which the oxide is finely dispersed can be obtained while increasing the bonding strength between Ag and oxide.
- the present inventors have found that the performance and workability as an electrical contact are improved by subjecting the alloy powder thus obtained to hot extrusion.
- the present invention is a step of atomizing and rapidly solidifying while blowing a gas containing oxide particles of metal other than Ag to molten Ag to obtain an alloy powder in which the oxide particles are finely dispersed,
- the average particle diameter of the oxide particles is 500 nm or more and 5 ⁇ m or less
- the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and the molten Ag in the gas is 10% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less.
- a step of hot extruding the alloy powder, and a method for producing an electrical contact material is an electrical contact material obtained by the manufacturing method of the said electrical contact material.
- an electrical contact material that can increase the amount of oxide and can be manufactured at a low cost, and is excellent in performance and workability as an electrical contact, and a method for manufacturing the electrical contact material.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a tip of a nozzle used for atomization of molten Ag according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an alloy powder according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the extrusion apparatus used for the hot extrusion process of an alloy powder.
- 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the tip of a nozzle used for atomization of molten metal according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an alloy powder according to Embodiment 2.
- Embodiment 1 The manufacturing method of the electrical contact material according to the present embodiment uses an alloy powder in which the oxide particles are finely dispersed by atomizing and rapidly solidifying while spraying a gas containing metal oxide particles other than Ag onto molten Ag.
- a step of obtaining hereinafter referred to as “first step”
- a step of hot-extruding the alloy powder hereinafter referred to as “second step”.
- FIG. 1 is a view for explaining the first step, and shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the tip of a nozzle used for atomization of molten Ag. 1 is atomized while spraying a gas containing metal oxide particles other than Ag (hereinafter abbreviated as “oxide particle-containing gas 3”) onto molten Ag 2 to obtain alloy powder 4.
- oxide particle-containing gas 3 a gas containing metal oxide particles other than Ag
- the nozzle 1 includes a portion for spraying molten Ag 2 and a portion for spraying the oxide particle-containing gas 3.
- the oxide particles are introduced into the molten Ag 2 and melted at the region where the molten Ag 2 and the oxide particle-containing gas 3 merge. Ag2 is quenched and solidified to produce alloy powder 4.
- the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the alloy powder 4 produced using the nozzle 1 is shown in FIG. It is needless to say that the alloy powder 4 in FIG. 2 only has a spherical shape as one of the shapes, and may have a shape other than the spherical shape.
- the alloy powder 4 is composed of Ag5 and oxide particles of metal other than Ag5 (hereinafter abbreviated as “oxide particles 6”), and the oxide particles 6 are finely dispersed in Ag5.
- Melting Ag2 can be obtained by melting Ag5 by a known means such as high-frequency induction heating.
- the melting temperature is not particularly limited as long as it is a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of Ag5, and is generally 1,000 ° C. or higher and 2,000 ° C. or lower.
- the melting temperature is too high, the oxide particles 6 may be decomposed when the oxide particle-containing gas 3 is sprayed on the molten Ag 2, so the melting temperature is such that the oxide particles 6 do not decompose. It is preferable to select.
- the oxide particle-containing gas 3 contains oxide particles 6 and a carrier gas.
- the carrier gas used for the oxide particle-containing gas 3 is not particularly limited, and various gases can be used. Among them, the carrier gas is preferably an inert gas such as argon gas or nitrogen gas from the viewpoint of preventing various chemical reactions.
- the oxide particles 6 used in the oxide particle-containing gas 3 are not particularly limited as long as they are metal oxide particles having a melting point higher than that of Ag5 and generally used for electrical contact materials mainly composed of Ag5.
- Examples of the oxide particles 6 include metal oxide particles such as Cu, Si, Cd, Co, Cr, Fe, Ge, Mn, Mo, and Ni. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the average particle diameter of the oxide particles 6 is 500 nm to 5 ⁇ m, preferably 600 nm to 4 ⁇ m, more preferably 700 nm to 3 ⁇ m.
- the “average particle diameter” in the present specification means D50 (median diameter) measured using a laser diffraction / scattering particle diameter / particle size distribution measuring apparatus.
- the oxide particle-containing gas 3 can be obtained by introducing the oxide particles 6 into the carrier gas.
- the method for introducing the oxide particles 6 is not particularly limited, and methods known in the technical field can be used. For example, after the oxide particles 6 are put in a predetermined container and evacuated, a carrier gas is introduced, and the container is vibrated by a vibrator or the like, whereby the aerosol (6) is dispersed in the carrier gas. Oxide particle-containing gas 3) can be generated.
- the mass ratio of the oxide particles 6 in the oxide particle-containing gas 3 to the total mass of the oxide particles 6 and the molten Ag2 in the oxide particle-containing gas 3 is 10 It is controlled to be at least 30% by mass.
- the content of the oxide particles 6 in the alloy powder 4 to be formed can be 10 mass% or more and 30 mass% or less.
- the wear resistance and welding resistance of the electrical contact material may be lowered.
- the electrical contact material may be embrittled.
- a cooling medium such as water may be used in combination from the viewpoint of increasing the cooling efficiency. It does not specifically limit as a cooling method using cooling media, such as water, A well-known method can be used in the said technical field.
- the average particle size of the alloy powder 4 obtained as described above is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 ⁇ m to 90 ⁇ m, and most preferably 3 ⁇ m to 70 ⁇ m.
- the electrical contact material may be embrittled.
- the average particle diameter of the alloy powder 4 exceeds 100 ⁇ m, the wear resistance of the electrical contact material may be lowered.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the second step, and shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an extrusion processing apparatus used for hot extrusion of the alloy powder 4.
- the extrusion apparatus 10 in FIG. 3 is merely an example of an apparatus used for hot extrusion of the alloy powder 4, and any other apparatus can be used as long as the alloy powder 4 can be hot extruded. It goes without saying that can be used.
- the extrusion apparatus 10 includes a main body 11 that accommodates the alloy powder 4, a piston 12 that pressurizes and extrudes the accommodated alloy powder 4, and a heater 13 that heats during the extrusion process. ing.
- the alloy powder 4 is filled in the main body 11 of the extrusion processing apparatus and is pressurized by the piston 12. Further, the alloy powder 4 is heated by the heater 13 during pressurization. The alloy powder 4 thus hot-extruded becomes the extruded material 14 (electrical contact material).
- the conditions during the hot extrusion are not particularly limited, and may be appropriately adjusted according to the type of the extrusion processing apparatus 10 and the alloy powder 4 to be used.
- the extrusion pressure is not particularly limited, but is generally at least 100 MPa, preferably 100 MPa to 1000 MPa, more preferably 100 MPa to 700 MPa. If the extrusion pressure is less than 100 MPa, the extruded material 14 may not be sufficiently densified.
- heating temperature is not specifically limited, Generally it is less than 800 degreeC, Preferably it is 200 to 800 degreeC, More preferably, it is 200 to 600 degreeC. If the heating temperature is less than 200 ° C., sintering may be insufficient.
- the manufacturing method of the electrical contact material of the present embodiment hot extrusion is performed using the alloy powder 4 in which the bonding strength between Ag5 and oxide particles 6 is high and the oxide particles 6 are finely dispersed. It has a more uniform metal structure than conventional electrical contact materials, and the performance as an electrical contact (especially wear resistance and welding resistance) is improved. Moreover, since the manufacturing method of the electrical contact material of the present embodiment can easily obtain the alloy powder 4 containing Ag5 and the oxide particles 6 by the first step, the conventional internal oxidation treatment becomes unnecessary. Thereby, the cost resulting from the internal oxidation treatment can be reduced, and the electrical contact material can be manufactured at a low cost.
- the electrical contact material manufacturing method of the present embodiment has high bond strength between Ag5 and oxide particles 6, the extrudate 14 is not cracked during hot extrusion, and is excellent in workability. ing.
- the manufacturing method of the electrical contact material of the present embodiment an alloy in which oxide particles 6 are finely dispersed while increasing the bonding strength between Ag5 and oxide particles 6 even when the amount of oxide particles 6 is increased. Since the powder 4 can be obtained, the workability of the electrical contact material is not easily impaired. Therefore, since the amount of the oxide particles 6 can be increased with respect to the conventional internal oxidation method, the amount of expensive Ag5 used can be reduced, and the electrical contact material can be manufactured at a low cost. Become.
- FIG. The manufacturing method of the electrical contact material according to the present embodiment is such that the molten alloy containing Ag and a metal other than Ag is atomized and rapidly solidified while spraying an oxygen-containing gas, and the oxide of the metal other than Ag is finely formed.
- first step a dispersed alloy powder
- second step a step of hot-extruding the alloy powder
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the first step, and shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the tip of a nozzle used for atomization of molten metal.
- the nozzle 1 in FIG. 4 is merely an example of means for obtaining an alloy powder 4 by atomizing the molten metal 7 while spraying an oxygen-containing gas, and is a means capable of obtaining the alloy powder 4. Needless to say, other means can be used.
- the nozzle 1 includes a portion for spraying a molten alloy 7 containing Ag and a metal other than Ag, and a portion for spraying an oxygen-containing gas 8.
- the molten metal 7 is sprayed while spraying the oxygen-containing gas 8 using this nozzle 1, the molten metal 7 is rapidly cooled and solidified in a region where the molten metal 7 and the oxygen-containing gas 8 merge to produce an alloy powder 4. .
- the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the alloy powder 4 is shown in FIG. It is needless to say that the alloy powder 4 in FIG. 5 merely illustrates a spherical shape as one of the shapes, and may have a shape other than the spherical shape.
- the alloy powder 4 is composed of primary crystals of Ag5 and a eutectic 9, and has a structure in which the eutectic 9 is finely dispersed in Ag5.
- the eutectic 9 contains Ag 5 and a metal other than Ag 5, and the metal other than Ag 5 is oxidized by spraying the oxygen-containing gas 8.
- the oxygen-containing gas 8 is not particularly limited as long as it has an oxygen content capable of oxidizing a metal other than Ag5, and may contain a gas other than oxygen.
- the oxygen content of the oxygen-containing gas 8 may be appropriately adjusted according to the type of metal other than Ag5, but may generally be 20% by mass or more.
- the most preferable oxygen-containing gas 8 in the present invention is pure oxygen gas.
- a cooling medium such as water may be used in combination from the viewpoint of increasing the cooling efficiency. It does not specifically limit as a cooling method using cooling media, such as water, A well-known method can be used in the said technical field.
- the average particle diameter of the alloy powder 4 obtained as described above is not particularly limited, but is generally several ⁇ m to several tens ⁇ m, preferably 2 ⁇ m to 90 ⁇ m, more preferably 3 ⁇ m to 70 ⁇ m, and most preferably 5 ⁇ m. It is 50 ⁇ m or less.
- the metal other than Ag5 used for the molten alloy 7 is not particularly limited as long as it has a higher melting point than Ag5 and can be generally used for an electrical contact material mainly composed of Ag5.
- Examples of metals other than Ag5 include Cu, Si, Cd, Co, Cr, Fe, Ge, Mn, Mo, and Ni. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of Ag5 in the molten alloy 7 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50% by mass to 99.5% by mass, more preferably 60% by mass to 90% by mass, and most preferably 65% by mass to 75% by mass. % Or less.
- the content of the metal other than Ag5 in the molten alloy 7 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.5% by mass to 50% by mass, more preferably 10% by mass to 40% by mass, and most preferably 25% by mass. It is 35 mass% or less.
- the molten alloy 7 can be obtained by melting a metal as a raw material by a known means such as high frequency induction heating.
- the melting temperature is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately adjusted according to the type of metal used as a raw material, but is generally 1,000 ° C. or higher and 2,000 ° C. or lower. In particular, if the melting temperature is too high, the oxide generated when the oxygen-containing gas 8 is sprayed onto the molten metal 7 may be decomposed. Therefore, the melting temperature should be selected so that the oxide does not decompose. Is preferred.
- the alloy powder 4 is hot extruded. Since the second step of the present embodiment is the same as the second step of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
- the manufacturing method of the electrical contact material of the present embodiment uses an alloy powder 4 in which a metal other than Ag5 is sufficiently oxidized, the bond strength between Ag5 and the oxide is high, and the oxide is finely dispersed. Therefore, since the hot extrusion process is performed, the metal structure has a more uniform metal structure than that of the conventional electrical contact material, and the performance as an electrical contact (particularly wear resistance) is improved. Moreover, the manufacturing method of the electrical contact material according to the present embodiment can easily obtain the alloy powder 4 containing Ag5 and an oxide of a metal other than Ag5 by the first step, so that the conventional internal oxidation treatment is unnecessary. Become. Thereby, the cost resulting from the internal oxidation treatment can be reduced, and the electrical contact material can be manufactured at a low cost.
- the manufacturing method of the electrical contact material of the present embodiment has high bond strength between Ag5 and an oxide of a metal other than Ag5, the extrudate 14 is not cracked during the hot extrusion process. Excellent in properties.
- the manufacturing method of the electrical contact material of the present embodiment even when the amount of metal other than Ag5 is increased, the metal other than Ag5 can be oxidized efficiently, and the bond between Ag5 and the oxide can be achieved. Since the alloy powder 4 in which the oxide is finely dispersed while increasing the strength can be obtained, the workability of the electrical contact material is hardly impaired.
- the amount of metal other than Ag5 can be increased with respect to the internal oxidation method that has conventionally limited the amount of addition of metal other than Ag5 due to the decrease in workability, the amount of expensive Ag5 used is increased.
- the electrical contact material can be manufactured at a low cost.
- Example 1-1 Using the nozzle 1 shown in FIG. 1, oxide powder containing gas (carrier gas: argon gas, oxide particles: ZnO having an average particle size of 0.5 ⁇ m) is sprayed on the molten Ag, and the powder is rapidly cooled and solidified. Got.
- the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the oxide particle-containing gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and molten Ag in the oxide particle-containing gas was controlled to 30% by mass.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the obtained alloy powder was 30 ⁇ m.
- the obtained alloy powder was hot-extruded to obtain an extruded material (electric contact material).
- the extrusion pressure was 500 MPa and the heating temperature was 500 ° C.
- the obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
- the amount of wear and the degree of welding were evaluated for the obtained extruded material.
- a disk-shaped extruded material having a diameter of 5 mm and a thickness of 2 mm was used.
- the consumption amount (mg) when performing an open / close test under conditions of an additional voltage of 200 V, a load current of 100 A (60 Hz), a power factor of 0.4, and a contact pressure of 300 g under 6000 times, and the degree of welding was evaluated in three stages, “ ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ”.
- the degree of welding ⁇ means that welding did not occur, and the degree of welding ⁇ means that welding occurred, and the degree of welding is ⁇ . It means that welding occurred with a probability of 10% or more.
- the consumption amount was 50 mg, and the degree of welding was “ ⁇ ”.
- Example 1-2 Except that the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the oxide particle-containing gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and molten Ag in the oxide particle-containing gas was controlled to 10% by mass, the same as in Example 1-1.
- An alloy powder was obtained.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the obtained alloy powder was 27 ⁇ m.
- Ag was about 90 mass% and ZnO was about 10 mass%.
- an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
- the obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
- the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption amount was 90 mg, and the degree of welding was “ ⁇ ”.
- Example 1-3 Except that the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the oxide particle-containing gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and molten Ag in the oxide particle-containing gas was controlled to 25% by mass, the same as in Example 1-1.
- An alloy powder was obtained.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the obtained alloy powder was 29 ⁇ m.
- Ag was about 75 mass% and ZnO was about 25 mass%.
- an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
- the obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
- the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption was 70 mg and the degree of welding was “ ⁇ ”.
- oxide particles containing gas carrier gas: argon gas, oxide particles: ZnO with an average particle size of 0.1 ⁇ m
- the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the oxide particle-containing gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and molten Ag in the oxide particle-containing gas was controlled to 30% by mass.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the obtained alloy powder was 30 ⁇ m.
- Ag was about 70 mass% and ZnO was about 30 mass%.
- Example 1-1 an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
- the obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
- the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption amount was 40 mg, and the degree of welding was “ ⁇ ”.
- oxide gas containing gas carrier gas: argon gas, oxide particles: ZnO having an average particle diameter of 5 ⁇ m
- carrier gas argon gas
- the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the oxide particle-containing gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and molten Ag in the oxide particle-containing gas was controlled to 30% by mass.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the obtained alloy powder was 32 ⁇ m.
- Ag was about 70 mass% and ZnO was about 30 mass%.
- Example 1-1 an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
- the obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
- the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption was 60 mg and the degree of welding was “ ⁇ ”.
- oxide particles containing gas carrier gas: argon gas, oxide particles: CuO having an average particle size of 0.5 ⁇ m
- carrier gas argon gas
- the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the oxide particle-containing gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and molten Ag in the oxide particle-containing gas was controlled to 30% by mass.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the obtained alloy powder was 30 ⁇ m.
- Ag was about 70 mass% and CuO was about 30 mass%.
- Example 1-1 an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
- the obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
- the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption amount was 56 mg, and the degree of welding was “ ⁇ ”.
- Example 1--7 Except that the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the oxide particle-containing gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and molten Ag in the oxide particle-containing gas was controlled to 25% by mass, the same as Example 1-6.
- An alloy powder was obtained.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the obtained alloy powder was 29 ⁇ m.
- Ag was about 75 mass% and CuO was about 25 mass%.
- an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
- the obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
- the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption was 76 mg and the degree of welding was “ ⁇ ”.
- oxide powder containing gas carrier gas: argon gas, oxide particles: CuO having an average particle diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m
- carrier gas argon gas
- oxide particles CuO having an average particle diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m
- the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the oxide particle-containing gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and molten Ag in the oxide particle-containing gas was controlled to 30% by mass.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the obtained alloy powder was 30 ⁇ m.
- Ag was about 70 mass% and CuO was about 30 mass%.
- Example 1-1 an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
- the obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
- the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption amount was 56 mg, and the degree of welding was “ ⁇ ”.
- oxide gas containing gas carrier gas: argon gas, oxide particles: CuO having an average particle size of 5 ⁇ m
- carrier gas argon gas
- oxide particles CuO having an average particle size of 5 ⁇ m
- the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the oxide particle-containing gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and molten Ag in the oxide particle-containing gas was controlled to 30% by mass.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the obtained alloy powder was 32 ⁇ m.
- Ag was about 70 mass% and CuO was about 30 mass%.
- Example 1-1 an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
- the obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
- the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption was 76 mg and the degree of welding was “ ⁇ ”.
- Example 1-10 Using the nozzle 1 shown in FIG. 1, atomized powder (carrier gas: argon gas, oxide particles: SiO with an average particle size of 0.5 ⁇ m) is sprayed on molten Ag and atomized and rapidly solidified to form alloy powder.
- carrier gas argon gas
- oxide particles SiO with an average particle size of 0.5 ⁇ m
- the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the oxide particle-containing gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and molten Ag in the oxide particle-containing gas was controlled to 30% by mass.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the obtained alloy powder was 30 ⁇ m.
- Ag was about 70 mass% and SiO was about 30 mass%.
- Example 1-1 an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
- the obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
- the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption amount was 53 mg, and the degree of welding was “ ⁇ ”.
- Example 1-11 Except that the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the oxide particle-containing gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and molten Ag in the oxide particle-containing gas was controlled to 25% by mass, the same as in Example 1-10 An alloy powder was obtained.
- the average particle size (D50) of the obtained alloy powder was 29 ⁇ m.
- Ag was about 75 mass% and SiO was about 25 mass%.
- an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1. The obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
- the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption amount was 73 mg, and the degree of welding was “ ⁇ ”.
- Example 1-12 Using the nozzle 1 shown in FIG. 1, an oxide powder containing gas (carrier gas: argon gas, oxide particles: SiO having an average particle size of 0.1 ⁇ m) is blown into molten Ag and then rapidly solidified by cooling. Got.
- the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the oxide particle-containing gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and molten Ag in the oxide particle-containing gas was controlled to 30% by mass.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the obtained alloy powder was 30 ⁇ m.
- Ag was about 70 mass% and SiO was about 30 mass%.
- Example 1-1 an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
- the obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
- the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption was 43 mg and the degree of welding was “ ⁇ ”.
- Example 1-13 The nozzle 1 shown in FIG. 1 is used to atomize and rapidly cool and solidify the molten Ag while spraying a gas containing oxide particles (carrier gas: argon gas, oxide particles: SiO having an average particle diameter of 5 ⁇ m) to obtain an alloy powder. It was. Here, the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the oxide particle-containing gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and molten Ag in the oxide particle-containing gas was controlled to 30% by mass. The average particle diameter (D50) of the obtained alloy powder was 32 ⁇ m. Moreover, as a result of analyzing about the composition of the obtained alloy powder using EPMA (electron beam probe microanalyzer), Ag was about 70 mass% and SiO was about 30 mass%.
- carrier gas argon gas
- oxide particles SiO having an average particle diameter of 5 ⁇ m
- Example 1-1 an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
- the obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
- the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption amount was 73 mg, and the degree of welding was “ ⁇ ”.
- Example 1-1 Except that the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the oxide particle-containing gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and molten Ag in the oxide particle-containing gas was controlled to 8% by mass, the same as in Example 1-1.
- An alloy powder was obtained.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the obtained alloy powder was 27 ⁇ m.
- Ag was about 92 mass% and ZnO was about 8 mass%.
- an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
- the obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
- the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption amount was 150 mg, and the degree of welding was “x”.
- Example 1-2 Except that the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the oxide particle-containing gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and molten Ag in the oxide particle-containing gas was controlled to 35 mass%, the same as in Example 1-1.
- An alloy powder was obtained.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the obtained alloy powder was 31 ⁇ m.
- Ag was about 65 mass% and ZnO was about 35 mass%.
- an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
- the obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
- the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption amount was 30 mg, and the degree of welding was “ ⁇ ”.
- oxide particles containing gas carrier gas: argon gas, oxide particles: ZnO having an average particle size of 0.3 ⁇ m
- the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the oxide particle-containing gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and molten Ag in the oxide particle-containing gas was controlled to 30% by mass.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the obtained alloy powder was 30 ⁇ m.
- Ag was about 70 mass% and ZnO was about 30 mass%.
- Example 1-1 an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
- the obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
- the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption amount was 37 mg, and the degree of welding was “ ⁇ ”.
- oxide gas containing gas carrier gas: argon gas, oxide particles: ZnO having an average particle diameter of 6 ⁇ m
- carrier gas argon gas
- the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the oxide particle-containing gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and molten Ag in the oxide particle-containing gas was controlled to 30% by mass.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the obtained alloy powder was 33 ⁇ m.
- Ag was about 70 mass% and ZnO was about 30 mass%.
- Example 1-1 an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
- the obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
- the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the amount of consumption was 70 mg, and the degree of welding was “ ⁇ ”.
- Example 2-1 Using the nozzle 1 shown in FIG. 4, the molten alloy containing 75% by mass of Ag and 25% by mass of Cu is atomized while spraying an oxygen-containing gas (oxygen content of 100% by mass) and rapidly solidified. Obtained.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the obtained alloy powder was 30 ⁇ m.
- the composition of the obtained alloy powder was analyzed using EPMA (electron probe microanalyzer). As a result, Ag was about 70% by mass, Cu was about 23.5% by mass, and O was about 6.5% by mass. Met. From this result, it was found that the obtained alloy powder had a composition of Ag of about 70% by mass and CuO of about 30% by mass, and Cu was almost completely oxidized.
- Example 1-1 an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
- the obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
- the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption amount was 50 mg, and the degree of welding was “ ⁇ ”.
- Comparative Example 2-1 an electrical contact material was produced using an internal oxidation method. First, a molten alloy containing 75% by mass of Ag and 25% by mass of Cu was sprayed to obtain an alloy powder. This alloy powder was heated at 700 ° C. for 50 hours for internal oxidation treatment. Next, an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1. The obtained extruded material was cracked and the workability was not sufficient.
- Example 1-1 the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the amount of consumption was 250 mg, and the degree of welding was “x”.
- an electrical contact material that can increase the amount of oxide and can be manufactured at low cost, and is excellent in performance and workability as an electrical contact, and its A manufacturing method can be provided.
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Abstract
Description
また、内部酸化法は、一般的に製造工程が多い上、酸化時間、圧延等に膨大な時間を要するため、コスト増加の要因となっている。 The amount of oxide generally has a significant impact on the cost of electrical contact materials. Particularly in recent years, the cost of electrical contact materials produced by the internal oxidation method has increased due to the increasing price of Ag with political or economic problems and increasing demand in emerging countries. Therefore, it is highly desirable to reduce the cost of electrical contact materials by increasing the amount of oxide.
In addition, the internal oxidation method generally has many manufacturing processes and requires an enormous amount of time for oxidation time, rolling, and the like, which causes an increase in cost.
しかしながら、この方法により製造される電気接点材料は、内部酸化後に、所望の接点形状とするために伸線、ヘッダー加工等の塑性変形を加えているため、Agと酸化物との界面の結合力が脆弱となり、耐溶着性等の特性が低下するという問題がある。
また、内部酸化法では、一般に、酸化させる金属の量及び酸化条件が適切でないと、酸化物が層状又は針状になることがあり、合金中で酸化物が不均一に存在する結果、電気接点材料の性能が低下するという問題もある。 As a measure to reduce the cost of electrical contact materials, in recent years, the pre-oxidation method, in which the alloy is internally oxidized after the alloy is formed into a desired contact shape, is now mass-produced. It has been widely used industrially because of its excellent properties.
However, since the electrical contact material manufactured by this method is subjected to plastic deformation such as wire drawing and header processing to form a desired contact shape after internal oxidation, the bonding force at the interface between Ag and oxide Becomes fragile and there is a problem that characteristics such as welding resistance are deteriorated.
Also, in the internal oxidation method, in general, if the amount of metal to be oxidized and the oxidation conditions are not appropriate, the oxide may be layered or needle-like, and the oxide is unevenly present in the alloy. There is also a problem that the performance of the material is reduced.
また、本発明は、前記電気接点材料の製造方法によって得られることを特徴とする電気接点材料である。 That is, the present invention is a step of atomizing and rapidly solidifying while blowing a gas containing oxide particles of metal other than Ag to molten Ag to obtain an alloy powder in which the oxide particles are finely dispersed, The average particle diameter of the oxide particles is 500 nm or more and 5 μm or less, and the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and the molten Ag in the gas is 10% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less. And a step of hot extruding the alloy powder, and a method for producing an electrical contact material.
Moreover, this invention is an electrical contact material obtained by the manufacturing method of the said electrical contact material.
本実施の形態の電気接点材料の製造方法は、Ag以外の金属の酸化物粒子を含有するガスを溶融Agに吹き付けながら微粒化して急冷凝固し、該酸化物粒子が微細に分散した合金粉末を得る工程(以下、「第1工程」という。)と、該合金粉末を熱間押出加工する工程(以下、「第2工程」という。)とを含む。
以下、本実施の形態の電気接点材料の製造方法について図面を用いて説明する。
The manufacturing method of the electrical contact material according to the present embodiment uses an alloy powder in which the oxide particles are finely dispersed by atomizing and rapidly solidifying while spraying a gas containing metal oxide particles other than Ag onto molten Ag. A step of obtaining (hereinafter referred to as “first step”) and a step of hot-extruding the alloy powder (hereinafter referred to as “second step”).
Hereinafter, the manufacturing method of the electrical contact material of this Embodiment is demonstrated using drawing.
図1は、この第1工程を説明するための図であり、溶融Agの微粒化に用いられるノズルの先端の断面模式図を示す。なお、図1のノズル1は、Ag以外の金属の酸化物粒子を含有するガス(以下、「酸化物粒子含有ガス3」と略す。)を溶融Ag2に吹き付けながら微粒化して合金粉末4を得る手段の1つを例示したに過ぎず、当該合金粉末4を得ることが可能な手段であれば他の手段を用い得ることは言うまでもない。 In the first step, a gas containing metal oxide particles other than Ag is sprayed on molten Ag and atomized and rapidly solidified to obtain an alloy powder in which the oxide particles are finely dispersed.
FIG. 1 is a view for explaining the first step, and shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the tip of a nozzle used for atomization of molten Ag. 1 is atomized while spraying a gas containing metal oxide particles other than Ag (hereinafter abbreviated as “oxide particle-containing
図2において、合金粉末4は、Ag5とAg5以外の金属の酸化物粒子(以下、「酸化物粒子6」と略す。)とから構成され、Ag5中に酸化物粒子6が微細に分散した構造を有する。 Here, the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the
In FIG. 2, the
酸化物粒子含有ガス3に用いられるキャリアガスとしては、特に限定されず、各種ガスを用いることができる。その中でもキャリアガスは、各種化学反応等を防止する観点から、アルゴンガス、窒素ガス等の不活性ガスが好ましい。 The oxide particle-containing
The carrier gas used for the oxide particle-containing
図3は、この第2工程を説明するための図であり、合金粉末4の熱間押出加工に用いられる押出加工装置の断面模式図を示す。なお、図3の押出加工装置10は、合金粉末4の熱間押出加工に用いられる装置の1つを例示したに過ぎず、合金粉末4を熱間押出加工し得るものであれば他の装置を用い得ることは言うまでもない。 In the second step, the
FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the second step, and shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an extrusion processing apparatus used for hot extrusion of the
例えば、押出圧力は、特に限定されないが、一般に少なくとも100MPa、好ましくは100MPa以上1000MPa以下、より好ましくは100MPa以上700MPa以下である。押出圧力が100MPa未満であると、押出材14を十分に緻密化させることができない場合がある。
また、加熱温度は、特に限定されないが、一般に800℃未満、好ましくは200℃以上800℃未満、より好ましくは200℃以上600℃以下である。加熱温度が200℃未満では焼結が不十分となる場合がある。 The conditions during the hot extrusion are not particularly limited, and may be appropriately adjusted according to the type of the
For example, the extrusion pressure is not particularly limited, but is generally at least 100 MPa, preferably 100 MPa to 1000 MPa, more preferably 100 MPa to 700 MPa. If the extrusion pressure is less than 100 MPa, the extruded
Moreover, although heating temperature is not specifically limited, Generally it is less than 800 degreeC, Preferably it is 200 to 800 degreeC, More preferably, it is 200 to 600 degreeC. If the heating temperature is less than 200 ° C., sintering may be insufficient.
また、本実施の形態の電気接点材料の製造方法は、Ag5と酸化物粒子6とを含む合金粉末4を第1工程によって容易に得ることができるため、従来の内部酸化処理は不要となる。これにより、内部酸化処理に起因するコストを削減することができ、電気接点材料を低コストで製造することが可能となる。 In the manufacturing method of the electrical contact material of the present embodiment, hot extrusion is performed using the
Moreover, since the manufacturing method of the electrical contact material of the present embodiment can easily obtain the
本実施の形態の電気接点材料の製造方法は、AgとAg以外の金属とを含有する溶融合金に酸素含有ガスを吹き付けながら微粒化して急冷凝固し、該Ag以外の金属の酸化物が微細に分散した合金粉末を得る工程(以下、「第1工程」という。)と、該合金粉末を熱間押出加工する工程(以下、「第2工程」という。)とを含む。
以下、本実施の形態の電気接点材料の製造方法について図面を用いて説明する。なお、本実施の形態では、実施の形態1と異なる部分について主に説明し、同一の部分については説明を省略する。
The manufacturing method of the electrical contact material according to the present embodiment is such that the molten alloy containing Ag and a metal other than Ag is atomized and rapidly solidified while spraying an oxygen-containing gas, and the oxide of the metal other than Ag is finely formed. A step of obtaining a dispersed alloy powder (hereinafter referred to as “first step”) and a step of hot-extruding the alloy powder (hereinafter referred to as “second step”).
Hereinafter, the manufacturing method of the electrical contact material of this Embodiment is demonstrated using drawing. In the present embodiment, parts different from those in the first embodiment will be mainly described, and description of the same parts will be omitted.
図4は、この第1工程を説明するための図であり、溶融金属の微粒化に用いられるノズルの先端の断面模式図を示す。なお、図4のノズル1は、溶融金属7に酸素含有ガスを吹き付けながら微粒化して合金粉末4を得る手段の1つを例示したに過ぎず、当該合金粉末4を得ることが可能な手段であれば他の手段を用い得ることは言うまでもない。 In the first step, the molten alloy containing Ag and a metal other than Ag is atomized while being blown with an oxygen-containing gas and rapidly solidified to obtain an alloy powder in which oxides of metals other than Ag are finely dispersed.
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the first step, and shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the tip of a nozzle used for atomization of molten metal. The
図5において、合金粉末4は、初晶であるAg5と共晶9とから構成され、Ag5中に共晶9が微細に分散した構造を有する。共晶9は、Ag5とAg5以外の金属とを含み、Ag5以外の金属は、酸素含有ガス8の吹き付けによって酸化されている。溶融金属7を急冷すると、最初に初晶であるAg5が生成して成長し、最終段階でAg5とAg5以外の金属との共晶9が生成される。このとき、酸素含有ガス8によってAg5以外の金属は容易且つ効率的に酸化される。なお、標準生成自由エネルギーの観点から、Ag5は、Ag5以外の金属に比べて酸化し難く、酸素含有ガス8の吹き付けによっては酸化されない。 Here, the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the
In FIG. 5, the
溶融合金7におけるAg5以外の金属の含有量としては、特に限定されないが、好ましくは0.5質量%以上50質量%以下、より好ましくは10質量%以上40質量%以下、最も好ましくは25質量%以上35質量%以下である。 The content of Ag5 in the
The content of the metal other than Ag5 in the
また、本実施の形態の電気接点材料の製造方法は、Ag5とAg5以外の金属の酸化物を含む合金粉末4を第1工程によって容易に得ることができるため、従来の内部酸化処理は不要となる。これにより、内部酸化処理に起因するコストを削減することができ、電気接点材料を低コストで製造することが可能となる。 The manufacturing method of the electrical contact material of the present embodiment uses an
Moreover, the manufacturing method of the electrical contact material according to the present embodiment can easily obtain the
(実施例1-1)
図1に示すノズル1を用い、溶融Agに酸化物粒子含有ガス(キャリアガス:アルゴンガス、酸化物粒子:平均粒子径が0.5μmのZnO)を吹き付けながら微粒化して急冷凝固し、合金粉末を得た。ここで、酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子と溶融Agとの合計質量に対する酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子の質量割合を30質量%に制御した。得られた合金粉末の平均粒子径(D50)は30μmであった。また、得られた合金粉末の組成について、EPMA(電子線プローブマイクロアナライザ)を用いて分析した結果、Agが約70質量%、ZnOが約30質量%であった。
次に、図3に示す押出加工装置10を用い、得られた合金粉末を熱間押出加工して押出材(電気接点材料)を得た。ここで、熱間押出加工は、押出圧力を500MPa、加熱温度を500℃とした。得られた押出材は、割れ等が発生せず、加工性が良好であった。 Hereinafter, although an Example and a comparative example demonstrate the detail of this invention, this invention is not limited by these.
Example 1-1
Using the
Next, using the
酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子と溶融Agとの合計質量に対する酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子の質量割合を10質量%に制御したこと以外は実施例1-1と同様にして合金粉末を得た。得られた合金粉末の平均粒子径(D50)は27μmであった。また、得られた合金粉末の組成について、EPMA(電子線プローブマイクロアナライザ)を用いて分析した結果、Agが約90質量%、ZnOが約10質量%であった。
次に、上記で得られた合金粉末を用い、実施例1-1と同様にして押出材を得た。得られた押出材は、割れ等が発生せず、加工性が良好であった。
次に、得られた押出材について、実施例1-1と同様にして消耗量及び溶着の程度を評価した。その結果、消耗量は90mgであり、溶着の程度は「○」であった。 Example 1-2
Except that the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the oxide particle-containing gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and molten Ag in the oxide particle-containing gas was controlled to 10% by mass, the same as in Example 1-1. An alloy powder was obtained. The average particle diameter (D50) of the obtained alloy powder was 27 μm. Moreover, as a result of analyzing the composition of the obtained alloy powder using EPMA (electron beam probe microanalyzer), Ag was about 90 mass% and ZnO was about 10 mass%.
Next, an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1. The obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
Next, the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption amount was 90 mg, and the degree of welding was “◯”.
酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子と溶融Agとの合計質量に対する酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子の質量割合を25質量%に制御したこと以外は実施例1-1と同様にして合金粉末を得た。得られた合金粉末の平均粒子径(D50)は29μmであった。また、得られた合金粉末の組成について、EPMA(電子線プローブマイクロアナライザ)を用いて分析した結果、Agが約75質量%、ZnOが約25質量%であった。
次に、上記で得られた合金粉末を用い、実施例1-1と同様にして押出材を得た。得られた押出材は、割れ等が発生せず、加工性が良好であった。
次に、得られた押出材について、実施例1-1と同様にして消耗量及び溶着の程度を評価した。その結果、消耗量は70mgであり、溶着の程度は「○」であった。 (Example 1-3)
Except that the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the oxide particle-containing gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and molten Ag in the oxide particle-containing gas was controlled to 25% by mass, the same as in Example 1-1. An alloy powder was obtained. The average particle diameter (D50) of the obtained alloy powder was 29 μm. Moreover, as a result of analyzing the composition of the obtained alloy powder using EPMA (electron beam probe microanalyzer), Ag was about 75 mass% and ZnO was about 25 mass%.
Next, an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1. The obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
Next, the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption was 70 mg and the degree of welding was “◯”.
図1に示すノズル1を用い、溶融Agに酸化物粒子含有ガス(キャリアガス:アルゴンガス、酸化物粒子:平均粒子径が0.1μmのZnO)を吹き付けながら微粒化して急冷凝固し、合金粉末を得た。ここで、酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子と溶融Agとの合計質量に対する酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子の質量割合を30質量%に制御した。得られた合金粉末の平均粒子径(D50)は30μmであった。また、得られた合金粉末の組成について、EPMA(電子線プローブマイクロアナライザ)を用いて分析した結果、Agが約70質量%、ZnOが約30質量%であった。
次に、上記で得られた合金粉末を用い、実施例1-1と同様にして押出材を得た。得られた押出材は、割れ等が発生せず、加工性が良好であった。
次に、得られた押出材について、実施例1-1と同様にして消耗量及び溶着の程度を評価した。その結果、消耗量は40mgであり、溶着の程度は「○」であった。 (Example 1-4)
Using the
Next, an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1. The obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
Next, the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption amount was 40 mg, and the degree of welding was “◯”.
図1に示すノズル1を用い、溶融Agに酸化物粒子含有ガス(キャリアガス:アルゴンガス、酸化物粒子:平均粒子径が5μmのZnO)を吹き付けながら微粒化して急冷凝固し、合金粉末を得た。ここで、酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子と溶融Agとの合計質量に対する酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子の質量割合を30質量%に制御した。得られた合金粉末の平均粒子径(D50)は32μmであった。また、得られた合金粉末の組成について、EPMA(電子線プローブマイクロアナライザ)を用いて分析した結果、Agが約70質量%、ZnOが約30質量%であった。
次に、上記で得られた合金粉末を用い、実施例1-1と同様にして押出材を得た。得られた押出材は、割れ等が発生せず、加工性が良好であった。
次に、得られた押出材について、実施例1-1と同様にして消耗量及び溶着の程度を評価した。その結果、消耗量は60mgであり、溶着の程度は「○」であった。 (Example 1-5)
Using the
Next, an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1. The obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
Next, the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption was 60 mg and the degree of welding was “◯”.
図1に示すノズル1を用い、溶融Agに酸化物粒子含有ガス(キャリアガス:アルゴンガス、酸化物粒子:平均粒子径が0.5μmのCuO)を吹き付けながら微粒化して急冷凝固し、合金粉末を得た。ここで、酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子と溶融Agとの合計質量に対する酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子の質量割合を30質量%に制御した。得られた合金粉末の平均粒子径(D50)は30μmであった。また、得られた合金粉末の組成について、EPMA(電子線プローブマイクロアナライザ)を用いて分析した結果、Agが約70質量%、CuOが約30質量%であった。
次に、上記で得られた合金粉末を用い、実施例1-1と同様にして押出材を得た。得られた押出材は、割れ等が発生せず、加工性が良好であった。
次に、得られた押出材について、実施例1-1と同様にして消耗量及び溶着の程度を評価した。その結果、消耗量は56mgであり、溶着の程度は「○」であった。 (Example 1-6)
Using the
Next, an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1. The obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
Next, the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption amount was 56 mg, and the degree of welding was “◯”.
酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子と溶融Agとの合計質量に対する酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子の質量割合を25質量%に制御したこと以外は実施例1-6と同様にして合金粉末を得た。得られた合金粉末の平均粒子径(D50)は29μmであった。また、得られた合金粉末の組成について、EPMA(電子線プローブマイクロアナライザ)を用いて分析した結果、Agが約75質量%、CuOが約25質量%であった。
次に、上記で得られた合金粉末を用い、実施例1-1と同様にして押出材を得た。得られた押出材は、割れ等が発生せず、加工性が良好であった。
次に、得られた押出材について、実施例1-1と同様にして消耗量及び溶着の程度を評価した。その結果、消耗量は76mgであり、溶着の程度は「○」であった。 (Example 1-7)
Except that the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the oxide particle-containing gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and molten Ag in the oxide particle-containing gas was controlled to 25% by mass, the same as Example 1-6. An alloy powder was obtained. The average particle diameter (D50) of the obtained alloy powder was 29 μm. Moreover, as a result of analyzing the composition of the obtained alloy powder using EPMA (electron beam probe microanalyzer), Ag was about 75 mass% and CuO was about 25 mass%.
Next, an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1. The obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
Next, the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption was 76 mg and the degree of welding was “◯”.
図1に示すノズル1を用い、溶融Agに酸化物粒子含有ガス(キャリアガス:アルゴンガス、酸化物粒子:平均粒子径が0.1μmのCuO)を吹き付けながら微粒化して急冷凝固し、合金粉末を得た。ここで、酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子と溶融Agとの合計質量に対する酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子の質量割合を30質量%に制御した。得られた合金粉末の平均粒子径(D50)は30μmであった。また、得られた合金粉末の組成について、EPMA(電子線プローブマイクロアナライザ)を用いて分析した結果、Agが約70質量%、CuOが約30質量%であった。
次に、上記で得られた合金粉末を用い、実施例1-1と同様にして押出材を得た。得られた押出材は、割れ等が発生せず、加工性が良好であった。
次に、得られた押出材について、実施例1-1と同様にして消耗量及び溶着の程度を評価した。その結果、消耗量は56mgであり、溶着の程度は「○」であった。 (Example 1-8)
Using the
Next, an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1. The obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
Next, the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption amount was 56 mg, and the degree of welding was “◯”.
図1に示すノズル1を用い、溶融Agに酸化物粒子含有ガス(キャリアガス:アルゴンガス、酸化物粒子:平均粒子径が5μmのCuO)を吹き付けながら微粒化して急冷凝固し、合金粉末を得た。ここで、酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子と溶融Agとの合計質量に対する酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子の質量割合を30質量%に制御した。得られた合金粉末の平均粒子径(D50)は32μmであった。また、得られた合金粉末の組成について、EPMA(電子線プローブマイクロアナライザ)を用いて分析した結果、Agが約70質量%、CuOが約30質量%であった。
次に、上記で得られた合金粉末を用い、実施例1-1と同様にして押出材を得た。得られた押出材は、割れ等が発生せず、加工性が良好であった。
次に、得られた押出材について、実施例1-1と同様にして消耗量及び溶着の程度を評価した。その結果、消耗量は76mgであり、溶着の程度は「○」であった。 (Example 1-9)
Using the
Next, an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1. The obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
Next, the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption was 76 mg and the degree of welding was “◯”.
図1に示すノズル1を用い、溶融Agに酸化物粒子含有ガス(キャリアガス:アルゴンガス、酸化物粒子:平均粒子径が0.5μmのSiO)を吹き付けながら微粒化して急冷凝固し、合金粉末を得た。ここで、酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子と溶融Agとの合計質量に対する酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子の質量割合を30質量%に制御した。得られた合金粉末の平均粒子径(D50)は30μmであった。また、得られた合金粉末の組成について、EPMA(電子線プローブマイクロアナライザ)を用いて分析した結果、Agが約70質量%、SiOが約30質量%であった。
次に、上記で得られた合金粉末を用い、実施例1-1と同様にして押出材を得た。得られた押出材は、割れ等が発生せず、加工性が良好であった。
次に、得られた押出材について、実施例1-1と同様にして消耗量及び溶着の程度を評価した。その結果、消耗量は53mgであり、溶着の程度は「○」であった。 (Example 1-10)
Using the
Next, an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1. The obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
Next, the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption amount was 53 mg, and the degree of welding was “◯”.
酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子と溶融Agとの合計質量に対する酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子の質量割合を25質量%に制御したこと以外は実施例1-10と同様にして合金粉末を得た。得られた合金粉末の平均粒子径(D50)は29μmであった。また、得られた合金粉末の組成について、EPMA(電子線プローブマイクロアナライザ)を用いて分析した結果、Agが約75質量%、SiOが約25質量%であった。
次に、上記で得られた合金粉末を用い、実施例1-1と同様にして押出材を得た。得られた押出材は、割れ等が発生せず、加工性が良好であった。
次に、得られた押出材について、実施例1-1と同様にして消耗量及び溶着の程度を評価した。その結果、消耗量は73mgであり、溶着の程度は「○」であった。 (Example 1-11)
Except that the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the oxide particle-containing gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and molten Ag in the oxide particle-containing gas was controlled to 25% by mass, the same as in Example 1-10 An alloy powder was obtained. The average particle size (D50) of the obtained alloy powder was 29 μm. Moreover, as a result of analyzing about the composition of the obtained alloy powder using EPMA (electron beam probe microanalyzer), Ag was about 75 mass% and SiO was about 25 mass%.
Next, an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1. The obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
Next, the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption amount was 73 mg, and the degree of welding was “◯”.
図1に示すノズル1を用い、溶融Agに酸化物粒子含有ガス(キャリアガス:アルゴンガス、酸化物粒子:平均粒子径が0.1μmのSiO)を吹き付けながら微粒化して急冷凝固し、合金粉末を得た。ここで、酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子と溶融Agとの合計質量に対する酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子の質量割合を30質量%に制御した。得られた合金粉末の平均粒子径(D50)は30μmであった。また、得られた合金粉末の組成について、EPMA(電子線プローブマイクロアナライザ)を用いて分析した結果、Agが約70質量%、SiOが約30質量%であった。
次に、上記で得られた合金粉末を用い、実施例1-1と同様にして押出材を得た。得られた押出材は、割れ等が発生せず、加工性が良好であった。
次に、得られた押出材について、実施例1-1と同様にして消耗量及び溶着の程度を評価した。その結果、消耗量は43mgであり、溶着の程度は「○」であった。 (Example 1-12)
Using the
Next, an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1. The obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
Next, the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption was 43 mg and the degree of welding was “◯”.
図1に示すノズル1を用い、溶融Agに酸化物粒子含有ガス(キャリアガス:アルゴンガス、酸化物粒子:平均粒子径が5μmのSiO)を吹き付けながら微粒化して急冷凝固し、合金粉末を得た。ここで、酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子と溶融Agとの合計質量に対する酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子の質量割合を30質量%に制御した。得られた合金粉末の平均粒子径(D50)は32μmであった。また、得られた合金粉末の組成について、EPMA(電子線プローブマイクロアナライザ)を用いて分析した結果、Agが約70質量%、SiOが約30質量%であった。
次に、上記で得られた合金粉末を用い、実施例1-1と同様にして押出材を得た。得られた押出材は、割れ等が発生せず、加工性が良好であった。
次に、得られた押出材について、実施例1-1と同様にして消耗量及び溶着の程度を評価した。その結果、消耗量は73mgであり、溶着の程度は「○」であった。 (Example 1-13)
The
Next, an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1. The obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
Next, the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption amount was 73 mg, and the degree of welding was “◯”.
酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子と溶融Agとの合計質量に対する酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子の質量割合を8質量%に制御したこと以外は実施例1-1と同様にして合金粉末を得た。得られた合金粉末の平均粒子径(D50)は27μmであった。また、得られた合金粉末の組成について、EPMA(電子線プローブマイクロアナライザ)を用いて分析した結果、Agが約92質量%、ZnOが約8質量%であった。
次に、上記で得られた合金粉末を用い、実施例1-1と同様にして押出材を得た。得られた押出材は、割れ等が発生せず、加工性が良好であった。
次に、得られた押出材について、実施例1-1と同様にして消耗量及び溶着の程度を評価した。その結果、消耗量は150mgであり、溶着の程度は「×」であった。 (Comparative Example 1-1)
Except that the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the oxide particle-containing gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and molten Ag in the oxide particle-containing gas was controlled to 8% by mass, the same as in Example 1-1. An alloy powder was obtained. The average particle diameter (D50) of the obtained alloy powder was 27 μm. Moreover, as a result of analyzing the composition of the obtained alloy powder using EPMA (electron beam probe microanalyzer), Ag was about 92 mass% and ZnO was about 8 mass%.
Next, an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1. The obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
Next, the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption amount was 150 mg, and the degree of welding was “x”.
酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子と溶融Agとの合計質量に対する酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子の質量割合を35質量%に制御したこと以外は実施例1-1と同様にして合金粉末を得た。得られた合金粉末の平均粒子径(D50)は31μmであった。また、得られた合金粉末の組成について、EPMA(電子線プローブマイクロアナライザ)を用いて分析した結果、Agが約65質量%、ZnOが約35質量%であった。
次に、上記で得られた合金粉末を用い、実施例1-1と同様にして押出材を得た。得られた押出材は、割れ等が発生せず、加工性が良好であった。
次に、得られた押出材について、実施例1-1と同様にして消耗量及び溶着の程度を評価した。その結果、消耗量は30mgであり、溶着の程度は「△」であった。 (Comparative Example 1-2)
Except that the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the oxide particle-containing gas to the total mass of the oxide particles and molten Ag in the oxide particle-containing gas was controlled to 35 mass%, the same as in Example 1-1. An alloy powder was obtained. The average particle diameter (D50) of the obtained alloy powder was 31 μm. Moreover, as a result of analyzing about the composition of the obtained alloy powder using EPMA (electron beam probe microanalyzer), Ag was about 65 mass% and ZnO was about 35 mass%.
Next, an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1. The obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
Next, the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption amount was 30 mg, and the degree of welding was “Δ”.
図1に示すノズル1を用い、溶融Agに酸化物粒子含有ガス(キャリアガス:アルゴンガス、酸化物粒子:平均粒子径が0.3μmのZnO)を吹き付けながら微粒化して急冷凝固し、合金粉末を得た。ここで、酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子と溶融Agとの合計質量に対する酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子の質量割合を30質量%に制御した。得られた合金粉末の平均粒子径(D50)は30μmであった。また、得られた合金粉末の組成について、EPMA(電子線プローブマイクロアナライザ)を用いて分析した結果、Agが約70質量%、ZnOが約30質量%であった。
次に、上記で得られた合金粉末を用い、実施例1-1と同様にして押出材を得た。得られた押出材は、割れ等が発生せず、加工性が良好であった。
次に、得られた押出材について、実施例1-1と同様にして消耗量及び溶着の程度を評価した。その結果、消耗量は37mgであり、溶着の程度は「△」であった。 (Comparative Example 1-3)
Using the
Next, an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1. The obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
Next, the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption amount was 37 mg, and the degree of welding was “Δ”.
図1に示すノズル1を用い、溶融Agに酸化物粒子含有ガス(キャリアガス:アルゴンガス、酸化物粒子:平均粒子径が6μmのZnO)を吹き付けながら微粒化して急冷凝固し、合金粉末を得た。ここで、酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子と溶融Agとの合計質量に対する酸化物粒子含有ガス中の酸化物粒子の質量割合を30質量%に制御した。得られた合金粉末の平均粒子径(D50)は33μmであった。また、得られた合金粉末の組成について、EPMA(電子線プローブマイクロアナライザ)を用いて分析した結果、Agが約70質量%、ZnOが約30質量%であった。
次に、上記で得られた合金粉末を用い、実施例1-1と同様にして押出材を得た。得られた押出材は、割れ等が発生せず、加工性が良好であった。
次に、得られた押出材について、実施例1-1と同様にして消耗量及び溶着の程度を評価した。その結果、消耗量は70mgであり、溶着の程度は「△」であった。 (Comparative Example 1-4)
Using the
Next, an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1. The obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
Next, the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the amount of consumption was 70 mg, and the degree of welding was “Δ”.
図4に示すノズル1を用い、75質量%のAgと25質量%のCuと含有する溶融合金に酸素含有ガス(酸素含有量100質量%)を吹き付けながら微粒化して急冷凝固し、合金粉末を得た。得られた合金粉末の平均粒子径(D50)は、30μmであった。また、得られた合金粉末の組成について、EPMA(電子線プローブマイクロアナライザ)を用いて分析した結果、Agが約70質量%、Cuが約23.5質量%、Oが約6.5質量%であった。この結果から、得られた合金粉末は、Agが約70質量%、CuOが約30質量%の組成を有し、Cuがほぼ完全に酸化されていることがわかった。
次に、上記で得られた合金粉末を用い、実施例1-1と同様にして押出材を得た。得られた押出材は、割れ等が発生せず、加工性が良好であった。
次に、得られた押出材について、実施例1-1と同様にして消耗量及び溶着の程度を評価した。その結果、消耗量は50mgであり、溶着の程度は「○」であった。 Example 2-1
Using the
Next, an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1. The obtained extruded material was free from cracks and had good workability.
Next, the amount of wear and the degree of welding of the obtained extruded material were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1-1. As a result, the consumption amount was 50 mg, and the degree of welding was “◯”.
比較例1では、内部酸化法を用いて電気接点材料を作製した。
まず、75質量%のAgと25質量%のCuと含有する溶融合金を噴霧して合金粉末を得た。この合金粉末を700℃で50時間加熱して内部酸化処理を行った。
次に、上記で得られた合金粉末を用い、実施例1-1と同様にして押出材を得た。得られた押出材は、割れ等が発生し、加工性が十分でなかった。 (Comparative Example 2-1)
In Comparative Example 1, an electrical contact material was produced using an internal oxidation method.
First, a molten alloy containing 75% by mass of Ag and 25% by mass of Cu was sprayed to obtain an alloy powder. This alloy powder was heated at 700 ° C. for 50 hours for internal oxidation treatment.
Next, an extruded material was obtained using the alloy powder obtained above in the same manner as in Example 1-1. The obtained extruded material was cracked and the workability was not sufficient.
Claims (3)
- Ag以外の金属の酸化物粒子を含有するガスを溶融Agに吹き付けながら微粒化して急冷凝固し、該酸化物粒子が微細に分散した合金粉末を得る工程であって、該酸化物粒子の平均粒子径を500nm以上5μm以下、及び該ガス中の該酸化物粒子と該溶融Agとの合計質量に対する該ガス中の酸化物粒子の質量割合を10質量%以上30質量%以下に制御する工程と、
該合金粉末を熱間押出加工する工程と
を含むことを特徴とする電気接点材料の製造方法。 A process of obtaining an alloy powder in which the oxide particles are finely dispersed by spraying a gas containing oxide particles of a metal other than Ag onto the molten Ag and rapidly solidifying the powder, and the average particles of the oxide particles A step of controlling the mass ratio of the oxide particles in the gas to 10% by mass to 30% by mass with respect to the total mass of the oxide particles in the gas and the molten Ag with a diameter of 500 nm to 5 μm;
A method of producing an electrical contact material, comprising a step of hot extruding the alloy powder. - 前記Ag以外の金属は、Cu、Si、Cd、Co、Cr、Fe、Ge、Mn、Mo及びNiからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気接点材料の製造方法。 2. The electricity according to claim 1, wherein the metal other than Ag is at least one selected from the group consisting of Cu, Si, Cd, Co, Cr, Fe, Ge, Mn, Mo, and Ni. Manufacturing method of contact material.
- 請求項1又は2に記載の電気接点材料の製造方法によって得られることを特徴とする電気接点材料。 An electrical contact material obtained by the method for producing an electrical contact material according to claim 1 or 2.
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CN110983096A (en) * | 2019-12-07 | 2020-04-10 | 福达合金材料股份有限公司 | Method for preparing silver matrix oxide electric contact material by internal oxidation method capable of improving fusion welding resistance |
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JPS621835A (en) * | 1985-06-26 | 1987-01-07 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | Manufacture of ag-nio electric contact point material |
JPS63149341A (en) * | 1986-12-11 | 1988-06-22 | Tokuriki Honten Co Ltd | Production of silver-base metal oxide contact material |
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DE19607183C1 (en) * | 1996-02-27 | 1997-04-10 | Degussa | Sintered silver@-iron@ alloy for making electrical contacts |
DE19903619C1 (en) * | 1999-01-29 | 2000-06-08 | Louis Renner Gmbh | Powder metallurgical composite material, especially for high voltage vacuum switch contacts, comprises refractory solid solution or intermetallic phase grains embedded in a metal matrix |
CN101596601B (en) * | 2009-07-09 | 2010-11-10 | 中南大学 | Atomizing nozzle for efficiently preparing fine metal and alloy powder |
CN101798641B (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2011-05-11 | 宁波汉博贵金属合金有限公司 | Spray atomization technology of silver tin oxide material |
CN101984116B (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2012-12-05 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Method for preparing AgSnO2 contact material by spray co-deposition reaction |
CN102808097B (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2014-04-16 | 温州宏丰电工合金股份有限公司 | Silver/nickel/metallic oxide electrical contact material preparation method |
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JPS621835A (en) * | 1985-06-26 | 1987-01-07 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | Manufacture of ag-nio electric contact point material |
JPS63149341A (en) * | 1986-12-11 | 1988-06-22 | Tokuriki Honten Co Ltd | Production of silver-base metal oxide contact material |
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WO2019165560A1 (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2019-09-06 | Aurum Integra Inc. | Method for selectively oxidizing metals of an alloy |
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