WO2014205527A1 - A system for monitoring the quality of execution of excavated piles and tunnel bores - Google Patents
A system for monitoring the quality of execution of excavated piles and tunnel bores Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014205527A1 WO2014205527A1 PCT/BR2013/000235 BR2013000235W WO2014205527A1 WO 2014205527 A1 WO2014205527 A1 WO 2014205527A1 BR 2013000235 W BR2013000235 W BR 2013000235W WO 2014205527 A1 WO2014205527 A1 WO 2014205527A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- execution
- pile
- quality control
- monitoring
- energy
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a System which has as its basic purpose the monitoring of the execution energy in the form of work performed or the energy required for the excavation of each piling pile carried out with mechanical auger or monitored continuous propeller equipment. , or simply the torque for quality control, both in the executive process itself and in terms of the individual load capacity of each pile, especially for deep foundations.
- the System allows the establishment of critical excavation zones and their advance and the definition of execution and design adjustments.
- This System provides information that allows for the correction, when necessary, of the design depth of each pile, based on statistical parameters of samples of monitored energy values on previously executed piles in the same terrain. It also allows the use of databases as well as the adjustment of project design to the load capacity of the ground for each foundation element.
- the differential of the present system is the control relating the work performed or the energy dissipated during the execution of the pile with its load capacity.
- the object of protection ranges from the conception of the methodology, which attributed conceptual and theoretical rigor in the prediction of load capacity by the monitored energy, to its use as a quality control element in the execution of excavated stabbing and other drilling based on it. principle, as is the case with tunnels.
- the proposed control system is based on monitoring the execution of the piling, guiding and correcting procedures. during the execution of each pile, using as a basis the database obtained during pile monitoring and its statistical characteristics, based mainly on the work done when digging a pile, through routines incorporated into the pile monitoring software. continuous propeller piles. It can be seen from Figures 2 and 3 that the work performed on each pile of piles, carried out by a particular machine / operator process, forms a population, which when grouped, fits into a normal distribution, allowing the construction of criteria of acceptance as a function of population mean and standard deviation or a sample taken from this population.
- the proposed control system aims to ensure quality and conditions for the project guidelines to be met, highlighting:
- the System makes the field data instantly available to the performer and the designer, by transmitting data via radio, mobile devices, among others, it is possible to set up a routine that allows the designer to make analyzes and decide, regardless of their presence. on site, if it is necessary to adjust the project, and may even decide to reduce its length, thus generating savings for the project.
- the main advantages are the orientation of the drilling, indicating the recommended pile depth based on energy, the minimum speed with which the pile should be drilled to prevent deconditioning and the monitoring of concreting, guiding propeller extraction through accounting. injected concrete and concrete injection pressure.
- the system object of the present patent has as its main purpose to analyze the behavior of the dug piles and to promote their quality control.
- This quality control refers to the statistical treatment of the values of the work performed or the energy required to excavate each piling pile, automatically collected during execution. Such treatment will allow guidance and correction of procedures during the execution of each new pile, based on the statistical characteristics of the data sample obtained during the monitoring of previously executed piles.
- the objective is to give the process of executing a piling conditions so that the individual piles reach the planned load capacity with the smallest possible dispersion.
- the concept used and generator of the system object of the present patent is based on the monitoring of the execution of the stake and, in the guidance and correction of procedures during the execution of each stake. It is based on the database obtained during pile monitoring and the statistical characteristics of the work values collected when digging the piles. It also allows the use of other databases, especially regional ones.
- each pile stake performed by a given machine / operator set process forms a population, and when grouped, they fit into a normal distribution of probabilities, allowing for the establishment of acceptance criteria as a function of the mean and standard deviation of the population or a sample taken from this population.
- This procedure introduces the concept of quality control by giving the piling process conditions for individual piles to achieve the planned load capacity with respect to the soil profile, meeting the design guidelines.
- Measurement of the work performed or the energy required for the excavation of each piling pile is automated, via instant monitoring through a computer installed on the machine itself. Measuring the work done by digging each pile enables statistical control of the piling. As staking is done, the work done on the group piles is stored in a database, so that the recorded values make up a sample, later framed in a frequency distribution. This procedure enables the determination of measures of central tendency and variability within the sample, as well as the construction of stake acceptance criteria at the time it is performed. A simple example of acceptance criteria that can be adopted sets the sample average of the energy values as the limit to be adopted in the execution of the next stake. If the latter does not reach the pre-set limit, the pile has its design depth corrected to the height at which it reaches the energy limit.
- the methodology aims to overcome problems such as the stratigraphic variability of the terrain, providing greater safety and / or economy for the work, detailing the design specifications in each pile with respect to depth.
- the methodology also includes the indication, in real time, during the excavation of the critical speed piles for the excavation advance; automatic measurement of torque and work performed; feeding the work database with the torque and work data obtained for each stake executed; the statistical treatment of a pre-established sample of the population data subset (the staking), the signaling of the maximum extraction speed and the indication of regions with different geotechnical characteristics in the same work.
- the population sample should be collected next to a load test, as this way the statistical properties of this sample can be associated with the actual load capacity of a pile. It is essential to look for reliability in the sample, so that it can represent well the staking, especially in terms of load capacity. When this association is not possible, it suggests that the sampling be done in regions with known geotechnical characteristics, for example, privileging regions where the surveys were performed. Once the region to be sampled and its size is chosen, the data is grouped by class and adjusted to a normalized distribution. Consequently, one can calculate their mean and standard deviation, allowing reliability and acceptance criteria to be defined.
- Figure 1 presents a flowchart of the proposed system, which may undergo modifications of adaptation and improvement according to the technological availability in terms of computational potential of storage, data processing and information on local and / or regional soil profiles.
- the flowchart illustrating the piling control is based on the equipment specification with respect to the hydraulic motors, the helical dimensions and the gear ratio, the equipment torque for determining the critical drilling speed and also performs the monitoring of the drilling data.
- Figure 2 illustrates a Anderson & Darling normality test for 143 50cm piles.
- Figure 3 illustrates a Anderson & Darling normality test for 50 40cm piles.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a system, the basic purpose of which is the monitoring of the energy of execution, in the form of work performed or of the energy required, for excavating each pile of the piling, executed with equipment of the mechanical boring machine or monitored continuous worm type, or simply of the torque, for monitoring quality, not only in the execution process per se but also in terms of the individual load capacity of each pile, with particular application to deep foundations. In the case of tunnel boring, the system allows the establishment of critical zones in terms of the excavation and the definition of adjustments of execution and design. The system is characterized basically by monitoring of the piling being based on the specification of the equipment, with respect to the hydraulic motors, the dimensions of the worm and the ratio of the gears, the torque of the equipment for determining the critical boring speed and, furthermore, the system monitors data on the flow and pressure of the concrete, the hydraulic pressure of the system, and the depth and critical speed of concreting, defining the amount of energy required to excavate a pile.
Description
"SISTEMA PARA CONTROLE DE QUALIDADE DE EXECUÇÃO DE ESTACAS ESCAVADAS E PERFURAÇÕES DE TÚNEIS". "QUALITY CONTROL SYSTEM FOR EXECUTION OF DIGGED DRILLS AND TUNNEL DRILLING".
CAMPO DA INVENÇÃO. FIELD OF THE INVENTION.
PARA ESTACAS ESCAVADAS A TRADO: · Controle de qualidade de estaqueamentos escavados; FOR TRACKS EXCAVED: · Quality control of excavated piles;
• Monitoramento da energia de execução de estaqueamentos; • Monitoring of staking execution energy;
• Correção da profundidade de projeto de cada estaca; • Correction of the design depth of each pile;
PARA PERFURAÇÃO DE TÚNEIS: FOR DRILLING TUNNELS:
• Controle de qualidade de perfuração; • Drilling quality control;
· Monitoramento da energia de execução da perfuração; · Monitoring of drilling execution energy;
• Estabelecimento de zonas críticas quanto à escavação e a definição de ajustes de execução e projeto. • Establishment of critical excavation zones and definition of execution and design adjustments.
A presente invenção, refere-se a um Sistema que tem como finalidade básica o monitoramento da energia de execução, sob forma de trabalho realizado ou da energia necessária para a escavação de cada estaca do estaqueamento, executado com equipamento tipo trado mecânico ou hélice contínua monitorada, ou simplesmente do torque para controle de qualidade, tanto no processo executivo em si quanto em termos de capacidade de carga individual de cada estaca, aplicando-se em especial a fundações profundas. The present invention relates to a System which has as its basic purpose the monitoring of the execution energy in the form of work performed or the energy required for the excavation of each piling pile carried out with mechanical auger or monitored continuous propeller equipment. , or simply the torque for quality control, both in the executive process itself and in terms of the individual load capacity of each pile, especially for deep foundations.
Para a perfuração de túneis, o Sistema permite o estabelecimento de zonas críticas quanto à escavação e seu avanço e a definição de ajustes de execução e projeto. For tunnel drilling, the System allows the establishment of critical excavation zones and their advance and the definition of execution and design adjustments.
Este Sistema oferece informações que permitem a correção, quando necessária, da profundidade de projeto de cada estaca, com base em parâmetros estatísticos de amostras de valores de energia monitorada em estacas executadas anteriormente no mesmo terreno. Ele permite ainda o uso de bancos de dados e também o ajuste do dimensionamento de projeto à capacidade de carga do terreno para cada elemento de fundação. This System provides information that allows for the correction, when necessary, of the design depth of each pile, based on statistical parameters of samples of monitored energy values on previously executed piles in the same terrain. It also allows the use of databases as well as the adjustment of project design to the load capacity of the ground for each foundation element.
ANTECEDENTES DA INVENÇÃO:
O controle de qualidade e avaliação das escavações por sistemas rotativos têm sido feitos por meio do monitoramento da pressão de óleo e mais recentemente do torque. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION: Quality control and evaluation of excavations by rotary systems have been done by monitoring oil pressure and more recently torque.
Recentemente no Brasil, vem-se empregando em locais com presença de nível d'água estacas do tipo hélice contínua. Estacas que deveriam possuir como principal vantagem o maior controle na execução quando comparadas com outros tipos de fundação, entretanto tem-se observado que o monitoramento das estacas e os dados obtidos durante este monitoramento são negligenciados e muitas vezes são usados apenas como propaganda enganosa do controle de qualidade. Recently in Brazil, it has been used in places with presence of water level continuous propeller type cuttings. Piles that should have as their main advantage greater control over execution compared to other types of foundation, however it has been observed that pile monitoring and data obtained during this monitoring are neglected and often used only as misleading control propaganda. Of Quality.
Segundo Albuquerque et al.(2001), este tipo de fundação surgiu em meados da década de 50 nos Estados Unidos da América, passando a ser utilizada na Europa a partir da década de 70, chegando ao Brasil na década de 80. According to Albuquerque et al. (2001), this type of foundation appeared in the mid-1950s in the United States of America, and began to be used in Europe from the 1970s, reaching Brazil in the 1980s.
A literatura apresenta inúmeras avaliações e análises publicadas sobre provas de cargas e capacidade de carga. Penna et al. (1999), por exemplo, forneceu informações e um banco de dados de 48 provas de carga com diversos tipos de análise comparativas entre resultados extrapolados. Camapum de Carvalho et al. (2008) apresentou uma nova metodologia de análise e interpretação a partir de proposta com base em várias provas de carga realizadas no Distrito Federal. The literature presents numerous evaluations and published analyzes of load tests and load capacity. Penna et al. (1999), for example, provided information and a database of 48 load tests with various types of comparative analysis between extrapolated results. Camapum de Carvalho et al. (2008) presented a new methodology for analysis and interpretation based on a proposal based on various load tests performed in the Federal District.
Inúmeros métodos desenvolvidos para o cálculo da capacidade de carga de estacas hélice contínua foram propostos recentemente, dentre estes pode-se citar: o Método de Alonso (1996) baseado no SPT-T, o Método de Antunes & Cabral (1996) e o Método de Cabral et al. (2000) baseados no SPT e o Método de Vorcaro & Velloso (2000) que utiliza análise de regressão múltipla, dando um enfoque estatístico ao cálculo e o Método de Bustamante & Gianeselli (1998) com base em resultados de ensaios de SPT, CPT e PMT, métodos descritos de forma resumida em Albuquerque et al. (2001 ). Entretanto, não se apresentou nenhuma proposta ou rotina de controle que relacione o trabalho realizado ou a energia dissipada durante a execução da própria estaca com a sua capacidade de carga.
No método executivo tradicional a profundidade de escavação é previamente fixada pelo projetista e geralmente não é alterada durante a execução. No entanto, em um perfil com geologia estrutural dobrada como é o caso frequente no Distrito Federal e em outras localidades, tal prática pode conduzir a erros significativos, principalmente quando o solo não amostrado, solo entre furos de sondagem, apresenta-se na zona de depressão da dobra conduzindo a baixas resistências até a cota de assentamento prevista em projeto. Several methods developed for the calculation of the load capacity of continuous propeller piles have been recently proposed, among which we can mention: the Alonso Method (1996) based on the SPT-T, the Antunes & Cabral Method (1996) and the Method de Cabral et al. (2000) based on the SPT and the Vorcaro & Velloso Method (2000) which uses multiple regression analysis, giving a statistical approach to the calculation and the Bustamante & Gianeselli Method (1998) based on results from SPT, CPT and PMT, methods briefly described in Albuquerque et al. (2001). However, no control proposal or routine was presented that relates the work performed or the energy dissipated during the execution of the pile itself with its load capacity. In the traditional executive method the depth of excavation is previously fixed by the designer and is usually not changed during execution. However, in a profile with bent structural geology such as is the case in the Federal District and elsewhere, such practice can lead to significant errors, especially when unsampled soil, soil between drillholes, is in the bending depression leading to low resistances up to the projected seating dimension.
Existem muitos métodos e sistemas desenvolvidos para cálculo da capacidade de carga em estacas escavadas, entretanto, o diferencial do presente sistema é o controle relacionando o trabalho realizado ou a energia dissipada durante a execução da estaca com a sua capacidade de carga. Assim, o objeto da proteção abrange desde a concepção da metodologia, que atribuiu rigor conceituai e teórico na previsão de capacidade de carga pela energia monitorada, até sua utilização como elemento de controle de qualidade na execução de esfaqueamentos escavados e de outras perfurações baseadas no mesmo princípio, como é o caso dos túneis. There are many methods and systems developed for calculating the load capacity in excavated piles, however, the differential of the present system is the control relating the work performed or the energy dissipated during the execution of the pile with its load capacity. Thus, the object of protection ranges from the conception of the methodology, which attributed conceptual and theoretical rigor in the prediction of load capacity by the monitored energy, to its use as a quality control element in the execution of excavated stabbing and other drilling based on it. principle, as is the case with tunnels.
O "SISTEMA PARA CONTROLE DE QUALIDADE DE EXECUÇÃO DE ESTACAS ESCAVADAS", ora proposto, busca eliminar os riscos conhecidos por meio do controle de cada estaca, durante o próprio processo de sua escavação. The "DRAFT EXECUTION QUALITY CONTROL SYSTEM" proposed here seeks to eliminate known hazards by controlling each pile during the excavation process itself.
Fica evidente que o trabalho realizado ou a energia mecânica dissipada para executar uma estaca pode ser monitorado por meio de um sistema que inclui um software apropriado e a utilização dos dados e principalmente as características estatísticas desta população, podem ser utilizadas para o controle de qualidade e ajuste do estaqueamento. O sistema proposto destina-se a permitir o autocontrole do estaqueamento, pois cada estaca ao ser realizada, ao mesmo tempo em que alimenta o banco de dados, é controlada pelo mesmo. It is evident that the work performed or the mechanical energy dissipated to carry out a stake can be monitored through a system that includes appropriate software and the use of data and especially the statistical characteristics of this population can be used for quality control and stake setting. The proposed system is designed to allow self-control of the piling, as each stake at the same time as it is fed to the database is controlled by it.
AVANÇOS SOBRE O ESTADO DA TÉCNICA. Advances on the state of the art.
O sistema de controle proposto se fundamenta no monitoramento da execução do estaqueamento, na orientação e correção de procedimentos
durante a execução de cada estaca, utilizando como base o banco de dados obtido durante o monitoramento das estacas e as suas características estatísticas, baseando-se principalmente, na medida do trabalho realizado ao escavar uma estaca, através de rotinas incorporadas ao software de monitoramento das estacas hélices contínua. Parte-se da comprovação, Figuras 2 e 3, que o trabalho realizado em cada estaca do estaqueamento, executada por um determinado processo do conjunto máquina/operador, formam uma população, que quando agrupados enquadram-se em uma distribuição normal, permitindo montar critérios de aceitação em função da média e do desvio padrão da população ou de uma amostra coletada desta população. The proposed control system is based on monitoring the execution of the piling, guiding and correcting procedures. during the execution of each pile, using as a basis the database obtained during pile monitoring and its statistical characteristics, based mainly on the work done when digging a pile, through routines incorporated into the pile monitoring software. continuous propeller piles. It can be seen from Figures 2 and 3 that the work performed on each pile of piles, carried out by a particular machine / operator process, forms a population, which when grouped, fits into a normal distribution, allowing the construction of criteria of acceptance as a function of population mean and standard deviation or a sample taken from this population.
O sistema de controle proposto visa garantir qualidade e condições para que as diretrizes de projeto sejam atendidas, destacando-se: The proposed control system aims to ensure quality and conditions for the project guidelines to be met, highlighting:
• Indicação, em tempo real, durante a escavação das estacas da velocidade critica para o avanço da escavação (Vtggiani, 1989), sendo que, abaixo desta velocidade que é função das dimensões da hélice e de sua rotação pode-se ter descompressão do solo; • Real-time indication during excavation of piles of critical speed for excavation advance (Vtggiani, 1989). Below this velocity, which is a function of the propeller dimensions and rotation, can be decompressed from the ground. ;
• A medição automática do torque e do trabalho realizado (dado) durante a execução de cada estaca do estaqueamento (população); • Automatic measurement of torque and work performed (data) during the execution of each stake (population);
· A alimentação do banco de dados da obra com os dados de torque e trabalho obtidos para cada estaca executada; · The feed from the job database with the torque and work data obtained for each stake executed;
• O tratamento estatístico de uma amostra pré-estabelecida do subconjunto de dados da população, o estaqueamento, obtendo as medidas de tendência central e os momentos da amostra; • Statistical treatment of a pre-established sample of the population data subset, staking, obtaining central trend measurements and sample moments;
· A orientação da operação durante a escavação de cada estaca indicando quando a estaca deve ter sua cota de apoio aumentada. Estacas que não estejam atendendo as condições pré-estabelecidas, em termos de trabalho mínimo realizado e, portanto, de capacidade de carga; · The orientation of the operation during the excavation of each pile indicating when the pile should have its support dimension increased. Piles that are not meeting the pre-established conditions, in terms of the minimum work performed and, therefore, the load capacity;
· A sinalização da velocidade máxima de extração, garantindo que o volume de concreto, mais o super consumo que caracteriza cada tipo de solo seja suficiente para o preenchimento adequado das estacas.
• Indicar para o projetista, se a obra apresenta ou não, regiões onde provavelmente as características geotécnicas são diferentes, ou seja, fazem parte de populações diferentes com média e desvio padrão discrepantes. · Signaling the maximum extraction speed, ensuring that the volume of concrete plus the over consumption that characterizes each type of soil is sufficient for the proper filling of the piles. • Indicate to the designer whether or not the work has regions where geotechnical characteristics are likely to be different, ie, they are part of different populations with discrepant mean and standard deviation.
Como o Sistema disponibiliza os dados obtidos no campo instantaneamente para o executor e o projetista, por meio da transmissão de dados via rádio, aparelhos celulares, entre outros, é possível montar uma rotina que permita ao projetista fazer analises e decidir, independentemente de sua presença na obra, se é necessário ajustar o projeto, podendo inclusive decidir por uma redução de comprimento, consequentemente gerando economia para o empreendimento. As the System makes the field data instantly available to the performer and the designer, by transmitting data via radio, mobile devices, among others, it is possible to set up a routine that allows the designer to make analyzes and decide, regardless of their presence. on site, if it is necessary to adjust the project, and may even decide to reduce its length, thus generating savings for the project.
Resumidamente as principais vantagens são a orientação da perfuração, indicando a profundidade da estaca recomendada com base na energia, a velocidade mínima com a qual a estaca deve ser perfurada para evitar desconfinamento e o monitoramento da concretagem, orientando a extração da hélice por meio da contabilização do concreto injetado e da pressão de injeção do concreto. Briefly the main advantages are the orientation of the drilling, indicating the recommended pile depth based on energy, the minimum speed with which the pile should be drilled to prevent deconditioning and the monitoring of concreting, guiding propeller extraction through accounting. injected concrete and concrete injection pressure.
DESCRIÇÃO DETALHADA DA INVENÇÃO: DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION:
O sistema objeto da presente patente, tem como finalidade principal analisar o comportamento das estacas escavadas e promover o controle de qualidade das mesmas. Esse controle de qualidade é referente ao tratamento estatístico de valores do trabalho realizado ou da energia necessária para a escavação de cada estaca do estaqueamento, coletados automaticamente durante a execução. Tal tratamento permitirá orientação e correção de procedimentos durante a execução de cada nova estaca, fundamentando-se nas características estatísticas da amostra de dados obtidos durante o monitoramento de estacas executadas anteriormente. No caso, o que se objetiva é conferir ao processo de execução de um estaqueamento condições para que as estacas individualmente atinjam a capacidade de carga planejada com a menor dispersão possível. The system object of the present patent has as its main purpose to analyze the behavior of the dug piles and to promote their quality control. This quality control refers to the statistical treatment of the values of the work performed or the energy required to excavate each piling pile, automatically collected during execution. Such treatment will allow guidance and correction of procedures during the execution of each new pile, based on the statistical characteristics of the data sample obtained during the monitoring of previously executed piles. In this case, the objective is to give the process of executing a piling conditions so that the individual piles reach the planned load capacity with the smallest possible dispersion.
O conceito utilizado e gerador do sistema objeto da presente patente se fundamenta no monitoramento da execução do estaqueamento e, na
orientação e correção de procedimentos durante a execução de cada estaca. Ele utiliza como base o banco de dados obtido durante o monitoramento das estacas e as características estatísticas dos valores de trabalho coletados ao escavar as estacas. Ela permite ainda a utilização de outros bancos de dados, principalmente os regionais. The concept used and generator of the system object of the present patent is based on the monitoring of the execution of the stake and, in the guidance and correction of procedures during the execution of each stake. It is based on the database obtained during pile monitoring and the statistical characteristics of the work values collected when digging the piles. It also allows the use of other databases, especially regional ones.
O trabalho realizado em cada estaca do estaqueamento executada por um determinado processo do conjunto máquina/operador forma uma população, e quando agrupados, enquadram-se em uma distribuição normal de probabilidades, permitindo montar critérios de aceitação em função da média e do desvio padrão da população ou de uma amostra coletada desta população. Esse procedimento introduz o conceito de controle de qualidade ao conferir ao processo de execução de um estaqueamento condições para que as estacas individualmente atinjam, no que diz respeito ao perfil de solo, a capacidade de carga planejada, atendendo as diretrizes de projeto. The work carried out on each pile stake performed by a given machine / operator set process forms a population, and when grouped, they fit into a normal distribution of probabilities, allowing for the establishment of acceptance criteria as a function of the mean and standard deviation of the population or a sample taken from this population. This procedure introduces the concept of quality control by giving the piling process conditions for individual piles to achieve the planned load capacity with respect to the soil profile, meeting the design guidelines.
A medição do trabalho realizado ou da energia necessária para a escavação de cada estaca do estaqueamento se dá de forma automatizada, via monitoramento instantâneo através de computador instalado na própria máquina. A medição do trabalho realizado ao escavar cada estaca, possibilita o controle estatístico do estaqueamento. À medida que o estaqueamento é executado, o trabalho realizado nas estacas do grupo é armazenado em um banco de dados, de forma que os valores registrados compõem uma amostra, posteriormente enquadrada em uma distribuição de frequência. Este procedimento possibilita a determinação de medidas de tendência central e de variabilidade dentro da amostra, além da construção de critérios de aceitação da estaca no momento em que a mesma é executada. Um exemplo simples de critério de aceitação que pode ser adotado estabelece a média amostrai dos valores de energia como sendo o limite a ser adotado na execução da estaca seguinte. Se essa última não atinge o limite pré-estabelecido, a estaca tem sua profundidade de projeto corrigida até a cota em que alcança o limite energético. Da mesma maneira, se a estaca atinge o limite energético antes de alcançar a profundidade de projeto, é possível a redução da profundidade de execução. Para aplicação do método faz-se necessário manter a
velocidade de rotação na escavação dentro dos limites normais de execução, que se situa geralmente entre 7 e 30 r.p.m para os equipamentos mais usuais. A metodologia pretende superar problemas como o da variabilidade estratigráfica do terreno, conferindo maior segurança e/ou economia para a obra, pormenorizando as especificações de projeto em cada estaca com relação à profundidade. Measurement of the work performed or the energy required for the excavation of each piling pile is automated, via instant monitoring through a computer installed on the machine itself. Measuring the work done by digging each pile enables statistical control of the piling. As staking is done, the work done on the group piles is stored in a database, so that the recorded values make up a sample, later framed in a frequency distribution. This procedure enables the determination of measures of central tendency and variability within the sample, as well as the construction of stake acceptance criteria at the time it is performed. A simple example of acceptance criteria that can be adopted sets the sample average of the energy values as the limit to be adopted in the execution of the next stake. If the latter does not reach the pre-set limit, the pile has its design depth corrected to the height at which it reaches the energy limit. Similarly, if the pile reaches the energy limit before reaching the design depth, it is possible to reduce the execution depth. For application of the method it is necessary to maintain the excavation rotation speed within normal execution range, which is generally between 7 and 30 rpm for the most common equipment. The methodology aims to overcome problems such as the stratigraphic variability of the terrain, providing greater safety and / or economy for the work, detailing the design specifications in each pile with respect to depth.
Além desse critério complementar de parada, a metodologia também contempla a indicação, em tempo real, durante a escavação das estacas da velocidade crítica para o avanço da escavação; a medição automática do torque e do trabalho realizado; a alimentação do banco de dados da obra com os dados de torque e trabalho obtidos para cada estaca executada; o tratamento estatístico de uma amostra pré-estabelecida do subconjunto de dados da população (o estaqueamento);a sinalização da velocidade máxima de extração e a indicação de regiões com características geotécnicas diferentes em uma mesma obra. In addition to this complementary stopping criterion, the methodology also includes the indication, in real time, during the excavation of the critical speed piles for the excavation advance; automatic measurement of torque and work performed; feeding the work database with the torque and work data obtained for each stake executed; the statistical treatment of a pre-established sample of the population data subset (the staking), the signaling of the maximum extraction speed and the indication of regions with different geotechnical characteristics in the same work.
Preferencialmente, deve-se coletar a amostra populacional, próximo a uma prova de carga, pois assim podem-se associar as propriedades estatísticas desta amostra com a capacidade de carga real de uma estaca. É fundamental que se busque confiabilidade na amostra, de forma que a mesma possa representar bem o estaqueamento, principalmente em termos de capacidade de carga. Quando não for possível a referida associação, sugere que a amostragem seja feita em região com características geotécnicas conhecidas, por exemplo, privilegiando regiões onde as sondagens foram executadas. Escolhida a região a ser amostrada e o seu tamanho, agrupa-se os dados por classe, ajustando-os a uma distribuição normalizada. Consequentemente pode-se calcular a sua média, e o seu desvio padrão, permitindo que critérios de confiabilidade e aceitação possam ser definidos. Preferably, the population sample should be collected next to a load test, as this way the statistical properties of this sample can be associated with the actual load capacity of a pile. It is essential to look for reliability in the sample, so that it can represent well the staking, especially in terms of load capacity. When this association is not possible, it suggests that the sampling be done in regions with known geotechnical characteristics, for example, privileging regions where the surveys were performed. Once the region to be sampled and its size is chosen, the data is grouped by class and adjusted to a normalized distribution. Consequently, one can calculate their mean and standard deviation, allowing reliability and acceptance criteria to be defined.
DESCRIÇÃO DAS FIGURAS: DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES:
A Figura 1 apresenta um fluxograma do sistema proposto, podendo o mesmo passar por modificações de adaptação e melhoria de acordo com a disponibilidade tecnológica em termos de potencial computacional de
armazenamento, de processamento de dados e de informações sobre os perfis de solos locais e/ou regionais. Figure 1 presents a flowchart of the proposed system, which may undergo modifications of adaptation and improvement according to the technological availability in terms of computational potential of storage, data processing and information on local and / or regional soil profiles.
O fluxograma que ilustra o controle do estaqueamento é baseado na especificação do equipamento, com respeito aos motores hidráulicos, às dimensões do helicoide e a relação das engrenagens, o torque do equipamento para determinação da velocidade crítica de perfuração e ainda realiza a monitoração de dados da vazão e pressão do concreto, da pressão hidráulica do sistema, a profundidade e velocidade crítica da concretagem, definindo a quantidade de energia necessária para escavar uma estaca, ou seja, realiza o controle do estaqueamento por energia. The flowchart illustrating the piling control is based on the equipment specification with respect to the hydraulic motors, the helical dimensions and the gear ratio, the equipment torque for determining the critical drilling speed and also performs the monitoring of the drilling data. concrete flow and pressure, the system hydraulic pressure, the depth and critical speed of the concreting, defining the amount of energy required to dig a pile, that is, it controls the piling by energy.
A Figura 2 ilustra um teste de normalidade Anderson & Darling para 143 estacas de 50cm. Figure 2 illustrates a Anderson & Darling normality test for 143 50cm piles.
A Figura 3 ilustra um teste de normalidade Anderson & Darling para 50 estacas de 40cm.
Figure 3 illustrates a Anderson & Darling normality test for 50 40cm piles.
Claims
1 . "SISTEMA PARA CONTROLE DE QUALIDADE DE EXECUÇÃO DE ESTACAS ESCAVADAS E PERFURAÇÕES DE TÚNEIS", que tem como finalidade básica analisar o comportamento das estacas escavadas e promover o controle de qualidade das mesmas com o monitoramento da energia de execução, sob forma de trabalho realizado, ou simplesmente do torque para controle de qualidade de estaqueamentos em escavações por rotação incluindo-se fundações, túneis e tirantes, tanto no processo executivo em si quanto em termos de capacidade de carga individual de cada estaca, fazendo com estas atinjam a capacidade de carga planejada com a menor dispersão possível, caracterizado pelo controle que relaciona o trabalho realizado ou a energia dissipada durante a execução das estacas com a sua capacidade de carga, para uso do torque, trabalho e energia acumulados no controle de qualidade de escavações por rotação. 1 . "SYSTEM FOR QUALITY CONTROL OF EXCAVED CUTTING AND TUNNEL DRILLING", whose basic purpose is to analyze the behavior of the excavated piles and to promote their quality control by monitoring the execution energy, in the form of work performed, or simply the torque for quality control of rotary digging stakes including foundations, tunnels and tie rods, both in the executive process itself and in terms of the individual load capacity of each pile, making them achieve the planned load capacity. with the smallest possible dispersion, characterized by the control that relates the work performed or the energy dissipated during the execution of the piles with their load capacity, to use the accumulated torque, work and energy in the quality control of excavations per rotation.
2. "SISTEMA PARA CONTROLE DE QUALIDADE DE EXECUÇÃO DE ESTACAS ESCAVADAS E PERFURAÇÕES DE TÚNEIS", de acordo com a reivindicação 1 , caracterizado pelo estabelecimento de zonas críticas quanto à escavação e a definição de ajustes de execução e projeto. "SYSTEM FOR QUALITY CONTROL OF EXCAVED CUTTING AND TUNNEL DRILLING" according to claim 1, characterized by the establishment of critical excavation zones and the definition of execution and design adjustments.
3. "SISTEMA PARA CONTROLE DE QUALIDADE DE EXECUÇÃO DE ESTACAS ESCAVADAS E PERFURAÇÕES DE TÚNEIS", de acordo com as reivindicações anteriores, caracterizado pelo fato do controle do estaqueamento ser baseado na especificação do equipamento, com respeito aos motores hidráulicos, às dimensões do helicoide e a relação das engrenagens, o torque do equipamento para determinação da velocidade crítica de perfuração e ainda realiza a monitoração de dados da vazão e pressão do concreto, da pressão hidráulica do sistema, a profundidade e velocidade crítica da concretagem, definindo a quantidade de energia necessária para escavar uma estaca.
3. "EXCAUTION QUALITY CONTROL SYSTEM FOR DIGGED DRILLS AND TUNNEL DRILLING" according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the piling control is based on the specification of the equipment with respect to the hydraulic motors, the dimensions of the helical and the gear ratio, the torque of the equipment to determine the critical drilling speed and also monitor the concrete flow and pressure data, the system hydraulic pressure, the depth and critical speed of the concreting, defining the amount of energy needed to dig a stake.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/BR2013/000235 WO2014205527A1 (en) | 2013-06-24 | 2013-06-24 | A system for monitoring the quality of execution of excavated piles and tunnel bores |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/BR2013/000235 WO2014205527A1 (en) | 2013-06-24 | 2013-06-24 | A system for monitoring the quality of execution of excavated piles and tunnel bores |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2014205527A1 true WO2014205527A1 (en) | 2014-12-31 |
Family
ID=52140689
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/BR2013/000235 WO2014205527A1 (en) | 2013-06-24 | 2013-06-24 | A system for monitoring the quality of execution of excavated piles and tunnel bores |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2014205527A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106958235A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-07-18 | 福建省水利水电勘测设计研究院 | The Hydraulic Design Method of water conservancy diversion bank-baffle pier-beam column construction baffle wall style combined energy dissipater |
| CN111560994A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-21 | 南京南智先进光电集成技术研究院有限公司 | Cement mixing pile construction monitoring system and method |
| CN112900507A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-04 | 浙江智握领程科技股份有限公司 | High-pressure jet grouting pile online monitoring instrument and recording method thereof |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57116830A (en) * | 1981-01-08 | 1982-07-21 | Takechi Koumushiyo:Kk | Control on foundation pile construction |
| US5378085A (en) * | 1993-10-01 | 1995-01-03 | S. M. W. Seiko | Methods for in situ construction of deep soil-cement structures |
| US6033152A (en) * | 1997-04-11 | 2000-03-07 | Berkel & Company Contractors, Inc. | Pile forming apparatus |
| US20030044241A1 (en) * | 2000-05-26 | 2003-03-06 | Norman Mure | Auger piling |
| US20060013656A1 (en) * | 2004-07-13 | 2006-01-19 | Berkel & Company Contractors, Inc. | Full-displacement pressure grouted pile system and method |
| CN202170791U (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2012-03-21 | 湖南德邦重工机械有限公司 | Depth detection device of auger drilling pile filling machine |
-
2013
- 2013-06-24 WO PCT/BR2013/000235 patent/WO2014205527A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57116830A (en) * | 1981-01-08 | 1982-07-21 | Takechi Koumushiyo:Kk | Control on foundation pile construction |
| US5378085A (en) * | 1993-10-01 | 1995-01-03 | S. M. W. Seiko | Methods for in situ construction of deep soil-cement structures |
| US6033152A (en) * | 1997-04-11 | 2000-03-07 | Berkel & Company Contractors, Inc. | Pile forming apparatus |
| US20030044241A1 (en) * | 2000-05-26 | 2003-03-06 | Norman Mure | Auger piling |
| US20060013656A1 (en) * | 2004-07-13 | 2006-01-19 | Berkel & Company Contractors, Inc. | Full-displacement pressure grouted pile system and method |
| CN202170791U (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2012-03-21 | 湖南德邦重工机械有限公司 | Depth detection device of auger drilling pile filling machine |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106958235A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-07-18 | 福建省水利水电勘测设计研究院 | The Hydraulic Design Method of water conservancy diversion bank-baffle pier-beam column construction baffle wall style combined energy dissipater |
| CN111560994A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-21 | 南京南智先进光电集成技术研究院有限公司 | Cement mixing pile construction monitoring system and method |
| CN112900507A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-04 | 浙江智握领程科技股份有限公司 | High-pressure jet grouting pile online monitoring instrument and recording method thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN112103852B (en) | Method for crossing river channel and laying cable by using horizontal directional drilling technology | |
| CN106644724A (en) | Grouting reinforcement effect detection method for coal-mine weathered broken rich water surrounding rocks | |
| CN104929146A (en) | Multilayer karst development zone pile foundation engineering construction method | |
| WO2014205527A1 (en) | A system for monitoring the quality of execution of excavated piles and tunnel bores | |
| KR20160035642A (en) | Device for measuring thermal resistivity of soil | |
| Wan et al. | Field measurement by fully grouted vibrating wire piezometers | |
| CN103469778A (en) | Standard penetration test method for dividing rock weathering degree | |
| CN118223892A (en) | Method for controlling sedimentation of high-pressure gas pipeline in power tunnel construction | |
| CN105040750B (en) | A kind of pile foundation long detection method of stake based on thermal response | |
| CN114016489A (en) | Datum point fixing device for settlement monitoring | |
| CN207419447U (en) | Soil pressure cell fixing device after a kind of bored concrete pile | |
| CN104831743A (en) | Assessment method of water-rich surrounding rock grouting water controlling effect | |
| CN104457655A (en) | Folding blade knife type multi-point displacement meter anchor head for soft soil ground layer | |
| CN106592654A (en) | Monitoring method for perpendicularity of steel pipe pile | |
| Sarker et al. | Applicability of standard penetration test in Bangladesh and graphical representation of SPT-N value | |
| JP2017115457A (en) | Ground investigation method and ground investigation device | |
| CN206503149U (en) | A kind of ultra-deep steel pipe concrete continuous underground wall structure | |
| CN105735372B (en) | Hold the type advanced detection method of large-section in-situ concrete pile bearing capacity of single pile in end | |
| BRPI1104738A2 (en) | SYSTEM FOR QUALITY CONTROL OF EXECUTION OF EXCAVED PILES AND TUNNEL DRILLING. | |
| CN114059921A (en) | Hole-forming construction process for cast-in-place pile in karst strong development area | |
| Ganesharatnam et al. | Large-diameter piles in chalk–part 2, design and construction | |
| Rafie et al. | Interpretation of EPB TBM graphical data | |
| Wilson | Practice, perspectives, & trends in US rock grouting | |
| JP2018021358A (en) | Pile hole construction method for pile, pile hole construction system, and excavation rod | |
| CN113882440B (en) | Method for predicting construction efficiency of composite pile under consideration of multi-factor influence |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 13888476 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase in: |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 13888476 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |