WO2014203762A1

WO2014203762A1 - Decoding device, decoding method, encoding device, and encoding method

Info

Publication number: WO2014203762A1
Application number: PCT/JP2014/065286
Authority: WO
Inventors: 佐藤　数史
Original assignee: ソニー株式会社
Priority date: 2013-06-21
Filing date: 2014-06-10
Publication date: 2014-12-24

Abstract

This disclosure pertains to a decoding device, decoding method, encoding device, and encoding method that make it possible to improve the encoding efficiency attained when referencing an image from one level of a set of hierarchically structured images to perform intra encoding on an image from another level thereof. If an adjacent block adjacent to a predicted block of an enhancement image is encoded in an intra-BL mode in which a base image is referenced, a motion-information decoding unit generates motion information for the predicted block by decoding encoded motion information generated by encoding motion information from intra encoding performed on the predicted block, using motion information pertaining to prescribed motion as motion information for the adjacent block. An addition unit generates the predicted block by decoding encoded data generated by intra-encoding the predicted block of the enhancement image, using the aforementioned motion information. This disclosure can be applied, for example, to a decoding device.

Description

Decoding device, decoding method, and encoding device and encoding method

The present disclosure relates to a decoding device and a decoding method, and an encoding device and an encoding method, and in particular, encoding in a case where an image in another layer is referred to when intra-encoding an image in a predetermined layer of an image having a hierarchical structure. The present invention relates to a decoding device and a decoding method, and an encoding device and an encoding method that can improve the efficiency of encoding.

In recent years, devices based on MPEG (Moving Picture Experts Group phase) such as MPEG (Moving Experts Group phase) that compresses by orthogonal transformation such as discrete cosine transformation and motion compensation using redundancy unique to image information, And the reception of information in general households.

In particular, the MPEG2 (ISO / IEC 13818-2) system is defined as a general-purpose image encoding system, and is a standard that covers both interlaced and progressively scanned images, standard resolution images, and high-definition images. Widely used in a wide range of applications for consumer and consumer applications. By using the MPEG2 method, for example, a standard resolution interlaced scanning image having 720 × 480 pixels is 4 to 8 Mbps, and a high resolution interlaced scanning image having 1920 × 1088 pixels is 18 to 22 MBps. By assigning a (rate), it is possible to realize a high compression rate and good image quality.

MPEG2 was mainly intended for high-quality encoding suitable for broadcasting, but it did not support encoding methods with a lower code amount (bit rate) than MPEG1, that is, a higher compression rate. With the widespread use of mobile terminals, the need for such an encoding system is expected to increase in the future, and the MPEG4 encoding system has been standardized accordingly. Regarding the MPEG4 image coding system, the standard was approved as an international standard in December 1998 as ISO / IEC 449 14496-2.

Furthermore, in recent years, for the purpose of image coding for the initial video conference, The standardization of 26L (ITU-T Q6 / 16 標準 VCEG) is in progress. H. 26L is known to achieve higher encoding efficiency than the conventional encoding schemes such as MPEG2 and MPEG4, although a large amount of calculation is required for encoding and decoding.

In recent years, as part of MPEG4 activities, Based on 26L, H. Standardization to achieve higher coding efficiency by incorporating functions that are not supported by 26L was done as Joint Model of Enhanced-Compression Video Coding. This standardization was implemented in March 2003 by H.C. It was internationally standardized under the names of H.264 and MPEG-4® Part 10 (AVC (Advanced Video Coding)).

Furthermore, as an extension, standardization of FRExt® (Fidelity Range Extension) including coding tools necessary for business such as RGB, YUV422, and YUV444, and 8 × 8DCT and quantization matrix specified by MPEG-2. Was completed in February 2005. As a result, the AVC system has become an encoding system that can well express film noise included in movies, and has been used for a wide range of applications such as BD (Blu-ray (registered trademark) Disc).

However, these days, we want to compress images with a resolution of about 4000 x 2000 pixels, which is four times that of high-definition images, or to deliver high-definition images in environments with limited transmission capacity such as the Internet. Needs are growing. For this reason, in the VCEG (Video Coding Expert Group) under the ITU-T, studies on improving the coding efficiency are continuing.

Currently, with the aim of further improving the coding efficiency compared to AVC, ITUHEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding) by JCTVC (Joint Collaboration Team-Video Coding), a joint standardization organization of ITU-T and ISO / IEC. The standardization of the encoding method called is being advanced. As of May 2013, Non-Patent Document 1 has been issued as Draft.

By the way, image encoding methods such as MPEG-2 and AVC have a scalable function for encoding images by layering them. According to the scalable function, it is possible to transmit encoded data according to the processing capability on the decoding side without performing transcoding processing.

Specifically, for example, only a coded stream of an image of a base layer (base layer) that is a base layer can be transmitted to a terminal with low processing capability such as a mobile phone. On the other hand, an encoded stream of an image of a base layer and an enhancement layer (enhancement layer) that is a layer other than the base layer may be transmitted to a terminal having high processing capability such as a television receiver or a personal computer. it can.

HEVC version1 also has a scalable function (hereinafter referred to as temporal scalability) that encodes images by layering them at the frame rate.

In the HEVC method, two methods, a method called Ref_idx and a method called TextureBL, are defined as a coding mode (Framework) of a scalable function (for example, refer to Non-Patent Document 2).

In a method called Ref_idx (hereinafter referred to as Ref_idx mode), a base layer image is used as a reference image candidate at the time of inter coding of an enhancement layer image. On the other hand, in a method called TextureBL (hereinafter referred to as TextureBL mode), an intra prediction mode that refers to a base layer image (hereinafter referred to as intra BL mode) is used as a candidate for the intra prediction mode when intra-encoding an enhancement layer image. Used.

When the coding mode is the TextureBL mode, when the prediction block (PU) refers to the base layer image, the prediction block is intra-coded in the intra BL mode, so there is motion information regarding the motion of the prediction block. do not do. Therefore, when a prediction block to be processed is inter-coded and an adjacent block that is a prediction block adjacent to the prediction block refers to a base layer image, there is no motion information of the adjacent block. Therefore, the motion information of the prediction block to be processed is encoded by the AMVP (Advanced Motion Vector Prediction) method or the merge method, assuming that the motion information of the adjacent block is unavailable.

On the other hand, when the encoding mode is the Ref_idx mode, when the prediction block refers to the base layer image, the prediction block is inter-coded, and thus motion information of the prediction block exists. Therefore, when the prediction block to be processed is inter-coded and the adjacent block refers to the base layer image, the motion information of the adjacent block exists. Therefore, the motion information of the prediction block to be processed is encoded by the AMVP method or the merge method using the motion information of the adjacent block.

As described above, when the coding mode is the TextureBL mode, the probability that the motion information of the adjacent block cannot be used for the AMVP or Merge processing of the motion information of the block to be processed is higher than in the case of the Ref_idx mode. Efficiency is reduced.

The present disclosure has been made in view of such a situation, and improves encoding efficiency when an image in another layer is referred to when intra-encoding an image in a predetermined layer of an image having a hierarchical structure. Is to be able to.

A decoding device according to a first aspect of the present disclosure includes an encoded block generated by inter-coding a block of an image in a first layer of an image having a hierarchical structure, and motion of the block in the inter-encoding A receiving unit that receives motion encoding information generated by encoding motion information relating to the intra-block, and an intra block in which an adjacent block adjacent to the block of the first layer image refers to an image of the second layer. A motion that generates motion information of the block by decoding the motion coding information received by the receiving unit using predetermined motion information as motion information of the adjacent block when encoded in the prediction mode The coding block received by the receiving unit using the motion information generated by the information decoding unit and the motion information decoding unit. Decoding the click, a decoding apparatus and an image decoding unit which generates the block.

The decoding method according to the first aspect of the present disclosure corresponds to the decoding device according to the first aspect of the present disclosure.

In the first aspect of the present disclosure, a coding block generated by inter-coding a block of an image of a first layer of an image having a hierarchical structure, and a motion related to the motion of the block in the inter-coding Motion encoding information generated by encoding information is received, and adjacent blocks adjacent to the block of the first layer image are encoded in an intra prediction mode in which the second layer image is referred to. In this case, predetermined motion information is used as the motion information of the adjacent block and the motion coding information is decoded, thereby generating motion information of the block, and using the motion information, the code The generated block is decoded to generate the block.

An encoding apparatus according to a second aspect of the present disclosure includes an image encoding unit that inter-codes a block of an image in a first layer of an image having a hierarchical structure and generates an encoded block; When an adjacent block adjacent to the block of an image is encoded in an intra prediction mode that refers to an image in a second layer, the motion information regarding a predetermined motion is used as the motion information of the adjacent block, and the block A motion information encoding unit that encodes motion information in the inter encoding and generates motion encoding information, the encoding block generated by the image encoding unit, and the motion information encoding unit. And a transmission unit that transmits the motion coding information.

The encoding method according to the second aspect of the present disclosure corresponds to the encoding device according to the second aspect of the present disclosure.

In the second aspect of the present disclosure, a block of an image in a first layer of an image having a hierarchical structure is inter-coded to generate a coded block, and is adjacent to the block of the image in the first layer When an adjacent block is encoded in an intra prediction mode that refers to a second layer image, motion information regarding a predetermined motion is used as the motion information of the adjacent block, and the inter coding of the block is performed. By encoding the motion information, motion encoded information is generated, and the encoded block and the motion encoded information are transmitted.

The decoding device according to the first aspect and the encoding device according to the second aspect can be realized by causing a computer to execute a program.

In order to realize the decoding device of the first aspect and the encoding device of the second aspect, a program to be executed by a computer is transmitted through a transmission medium or recorded on a recording medium, Can be provided.

The decoding device of the first aspect and the encoding device of the second aspect may be independent devices or may be internal blocks constituting one device.

According to the first aspect of the present disclosure, an encoded stream with improved encoding efficiency in the case of referencing an image in another layer at the time of intra encoding of an image in a predetermined layer of an image having a hierarchical structure is decoded. be able to.

According to the second aspect of the present disclosure, it is possible to improve encoding efficiency when an image in another layer is referred to during intra encoding of an image in a predetermined layer of an image having a layered structure.

It is a figure explaining spatial scalability. It is a figure explaining temporal scalability. It is a figure explaining SNR scalability. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of one Embodiment of the encoding apparatus to which this indication is applied. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the enhancement encoding part of FIG. FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of an encoding unit in FIG. 5. It is a figure explaining CU. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the motion information encoding part of FIG. 6, and a correction part. It is a figure which shows the example of an adjacent block. It is a figure which shows the example of the syntax of the extension area | region of VPS. 6 is a flowchart for explaining hierarchical encoding processing of the encoding device in FIG. 4. It is a flowchart explaining the detail of the enhancement encoding process of FIG. It is a flowchart explaining the detail of the enhancement encoding process of FIG. It is a flowchart explaining the detail of the motion estimation and compensation process of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of one Embodiment of the decoding apparatus to which this indication is applied. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the enhancement decoding part of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the decoding part of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the motion information decoding part of FIG. 17, and a correction part. It is a flowchart explaining the hierarchical decoding process of the decoding apparatus of FIG. It is a flowchart explaining the detail of the enhancement decoding process of FIG. FIG. 21 is a flowchart illustrating details of motion information decoding processing in FIG. 20. FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of the adjacent block in a merge system. It is a figure which shows the example of a candidate list | wrist. It is a figure which shows the motion vector of a candidate of motion information. It is a figure which shows the table | surface which matched the index and the lossless encoding result of the index. It is a figure which shows the example of a multiview image encoding system. It is a figure which shows the other example of encoding by a Scalable function. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the hardware of a computer. It is a figure which shows the example of schematic structure of the television apparatus to which this indication is applied. It is a figure which shows the schematic structural example of the mobile telephone to which this indication is applied. It is a figure which shows the schematic structural example of the recording / reproducing apparatus to which this indication is applied. It is a figure which shows the schematic structural example of the imaging device to which this indication is applied. It is a block diagram which shows an example of scalable encoding utilization. It is a block diagram which shows the other example of scalable encoding utilization. It is a block diagram which shows the further another example of scalable encoding utilization. It is a figure which shows an example of a schematic structure of the video set to which this technique is applied. It is a figure which shows an example of a schematic structure of the video processor to which this technique is applied. It is a figure which shows the other example of the schematic structure of the video processor to which this technique is applied.

<Explanation of scalable function>
(Description of spatial scalability)
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining spatial scalability.

As shown in FIG. 1, spatial scalability is a scalable function that encodes an image by layering it at a spatial resolution. Specifically, in spatial scalability, a low-resolution image is encoded as a base layer image, and a high-resolution image is encoded as an enhancement layer image.

Therefore, the encoding device transmits only the encoded data of the base layer image to the decoding device with low processing capability, so that the decoding device can generate a low-resolution image. In addition, the encoding device transmits the encoded data of the base layer and enhancement layer images to the decoding device having a high processing capability, so that the decoding device decodes the base layer and enhancement layer images to obtain a high resolution. Images can be generated.

(Explanation of temporal scalability)
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining temporal scalability.

As described above, temporal scalability is a scalable function that encodes images by layering them at the frame rate. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, in temporal / scalability, for example, an image at a low frame rate (7.5 fps in the example of FIG. 2) is encoded as a base layer image. In addition, an image at a medium frame rate (15 fps in the example of FIG. 2) is encoded as an enhancement layer image. Further, an image with a high frame rate (30 fps in the example of FIG. 2) is encoded as an enhancement layer image.

Therefore, the encoding device transmits only the encoded data of the base layer image to the decoding device with low processing capability, so that the decoding device can generate a low frame rate image. In addition, the encoding device transmits the encoded data of the base layer and enhancement layer images to the decoding device with high processing capability, so that the decoding device decodes the base layer and enhancement layer images, A rate or medium frame rate image can be generated.

(Description of SNR scalability)
FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining SNR scalability.

As shown in FIG. 3, SNR scalability is a scalable function that encodes images by layering them with SNR (signal-noise ratio). Specifically, in SNR scalability, a low SNR image is encoded as a base layer image, and a high SNR image is encoded as an enhancement layer image.

Therefore, the encoding device transmits only the encoded data of the base layer image to the decoding device with low processing capability, so that the decoding device can generate a low SNR image. In addition, the encoding device transmits the encoded data of the base layer and enhancement layer images to the decoding device with high processing capability, so that the decoding device decodes the images of the base layer and enhancement layer, and has a high SNR. Images can be generated.

Although not shown, there are other scalable functions besides spatialsscalability, temporal scalability, and SNR scalability.

For example, as a scalable function, there is also bit-depth scalability for layering and encoding an image by the number of bits. In this case, for example, an 8-bit video image is used as a base layer image, and a difference between a 10-bit video image and an 8-bit video image is used as an enhancement layer image and encoded.

Also, as a scalable function, there is also a chroma-scalability for layering and encoding an image in a color difference signal format. In this case, for example, the YUV420 image is set as the base layer image, and the difference image between the YUV422 image and the YUV420 image is set as the enhancement layer image and encoded.

In the following, for convenience of explanation, a case where there is one enhancement layer will be described.

<First embodiment>
(Configuration example of one embodiment of encoding device)
FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of an embodiment of an encoding device to which the present disclosure is applied.

4 includes a base encoding unit 31, an enhancement encoding unit 32, a synthesizing unit 33, and a transmission unit 34, and encodes an image using a scalable function in accordance with a scheme conforming to the HEVC scheme.

A base layer image (hereinafter referred to as a base image) is input to the base encoding unit 31 of the encoding device 30 from the outside. The base encoding unit 31 is configured in the same manner as a conventional HEVC encoding device, and encodes a base image using the HEVC method. The base encoding unit 31 combines a coded stream including encoded data obtained as a result of encoding, VPS (Video Parameter Set), SPS (Sequence Parameter Parameter Set), PPS (Picture Parameter Parameter Set), etc. as a base stream. 33. Also, the base encoding unit 31 supplies the base image decoded for use as a reference image when encoding the base image to the enhancement encoding unit 32.

The enhancement coding unit 32 receives an enhancement layer image (hereinafter referred to as an enhancement image) from the outside. The enhancement encoding unit 32 encodes the enhancement image by a method according to the HEVC method. At this time, the enhancement encoding unit 32 refers to the base image from the base encoding unit 31. The enhancement encoding unit 32 supplies an encoded stream including encoded data obtained as a result of encoding, an extension area of SPS, PPS, VPS, and the like to the synthesis unit 33 as an enhancement stream.

The synthesizing unit 33 synthesizes the base stream supplied from the base encoding unit 31 and the enhancement stream supplied from the enhancement encoding unit 32 to generate an encoded stream of all layers. The synthesis unit 33 supplies the encoded stream of all layers to the transmission unit 34.

The transmission unit 34 transmits the encoded stream of all layers supplied from the synthesis unit 33 to a decoding device to be described later.

In addition, although the encoding apparatus 30 shall transmit the encoding stream of all the layers here, it can also transmit only a base stream as needed.

(Configuration example of enhancement encoding unit)
FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the enhancement encoding unit 32 of FIG.

The enhancement encoding unit 32 in FIG. 5 includes a setting unit 51 and an encoding unit 52.

The setting unit 51 of the enhancement encoding unit 32 sets parameter sets such as SPS and PPS as necessary. The setting unit 51 supplies the set parameter set to the encoding unit 52.

The encoding unit 52 uses an enhancement image for each frame input from the outside as an input signal. The encoding unit 52 refers to the base image from the base encoding unit 31 and encodes the input signal by a method according to the HEVC method. The encoding unit 52 generates an enhancement stream from the encoded data obtained as a result and the parameter set supplied from the setting unit 51, and supplies the enhancement stream to the synthesis unit 33 in FIG.

(Configuration example of encoding unit)
FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the encoding unit 52 of FIG.

6 includes an A / D conversion unit 71, a screen rearrangement buffer 72, a calculation unit 73, an orthogonal transformation unit 74, a quantization unit 75, a lossless encoding unit 76, an accumulation buffer 77, a generation unit 78, Inverse quantization unit 79, inverse orthogonal transform unit 80, addition unit 81, deblock filter 82, adaptive offset filter 83, adaptive loop filter 84, frame memory 85, switch 86, intra prediction unit 87, motion prediction / compensation unit 88, The prediction image selection unit 89, the rate control unit 90, the upsampling unit 91, the motion information encoding unit 92, and the correction unit 93 are configured.

The A / D conversion unit 71 of the encoding unit 52 performs A / D conversion on the enhancement image in units of frames input as an input signal, and outputs to the screen rearrangement buffer 72 for storage. The screen rearrangement buffer 72 rearranges the stored frame-by-frame enhancement images in the order for encoding in accordance with the GOP structure, the arithmetic unit 73, the intra prediction unit 87, the motion prediction / compensation unit. 88 and the motion information encoding unit 92.

The calculation unit 73 functions as an image encoding unit, and performs encoding by calculating the difference between the predicted image supplied from the predicted image selection unit 89 and the enhancement image to be encoded output from the screen rearrangement buffer 72. I do. Specifically, the calculation unit 73 performs encoding by subtracting the predicted image supplied from the predicted image selection unit 89 from the enhancement image to be encoded output from the screen rearrangement buffer 72. The computing unit 73 outputs the resulting image to the orthogonal transform unit 74 as residual information. When the predicted image is not supplied from the predicted image selection unit 89, the calculation unit 73 outputs the enhancement image read from the screen rearrangement buffer 72 as it is to the orthogonal transform unit 74 as residual information.

The orthogonal transform unit 74 performs orthogonal transform on the residual information from the calculation unit 73 by a predetermined method, and supplies the generated orthogonal transform coefficient to the quantization unit 75.

The quantization unit 75 performs quantization on the orthogonal transform coefficient supplied from the orthogonal transform unit 74 and supplies the resulting coefficient to the lossless encoding unit 76.

The lossless encoding unit 76 acquires the intra prediction mode information indicating the optimal intra prediction mode from the intra prediction unit 87. In addition, the lossless encoding unit 76 acquires inter prediction mode information indicating the optimal inter prediction mode, motion information about motion, and the like from the motion prediction / compensation unit 88. Further, the lossless encoding unit 76 acquires offset information from the adaptive offset filter 83 and acquires filter coefficients from the adaptive loop filter 84.

The lossless encoding unit 76 performs variable length coding (for example, CAVLC (Context-Adaptive Variable Length Coding)), arithmetic coding (for example, CABAC) on the quantized coefficients supplied from the quantization unit 75. (Context-Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding) etc.) is performed.

Further, the lossless encoding unit 76 reversibly uses intra-prediction mode information or inter-prediction mode information and motion encoding information that is encoded motion information, offset information, and filter coefficients as encoding information related to encoding. Encode. The lossless encoding unit 76 supplies the encoded information and the lossless encoded coefficient to the storage buffer 77 as encoded data and stores them. Note that the losslessly encoded information may be added to the encoded data as a header portion.

The accumulation buffer 77 temporarily stores the encoded data supplied from the lossless encoding unit 76. Further, the accumulation buffer 77 supplies the stored encoded data to the generation unit 78.

The generation unit 78 generates an enhancement stream from the parameter set supplied from the setting unit 51 in FIG. 5 and the encoded data supplied from the accumulation buffer 77, and supplies the enhancement stream to the synthesis unit 33 in FIG.

Also, the quantized coefficient output from the quantization unit 75 is also input to the inverse quantization unit 79. The inverse quantization unit 79 performs inverse quantization on the coefficient quantized by the quantization unit 75 and supplies the orthogonal transform coefficient obtained as a result to the inverse orthogonal transform unit 80.

The inverse orthogonal transform unit 80 performs the fourth-order inverse orthogonal transform on the orthogonal transform coefficient supplied from the inverse quantization unit 79 by a method corresponding to the orthogonal transform method in the orthogonal transform unit 74, and is obtained as a result. Residual information is supplied to the adder 81.

The adding unit 81 adds the residual information supplied from the inverse orthogonal transform unit 80 and the predicted image supplied from the predicted image selecting unit 89 to obtain a locally decoded enhancement image. When the predicted image is not supplied from the predicted image selection unit 89, the adding unit 81 sets the residual information supplied from the inverse orthogonal transform unit 80 as a locally decoded enhancement image. The adding unit 81 supplies the locally decoded enhancement image to the deblocking filter 82 and also supplies the enhancement image to the frame memory 85 for accumulation.

The deblocking filter 82 performs deblocking filter processing for removing block distortion on the locally decoded enhancement image supplied from the adding unit 81, and supplies the resulting enhancement image to the adaptive offset filter 83. To do.

The adaptive offset filter 83 performs an adaptive offset filter (SAO (Sample adaptive offset)) process that mainly removes ringing on the enhancement image after the deblocking filter process supplied from the deblock filter 82.

Specifically, the adaptive offset filter 83 determines the type of adaptive offset filter processing for each LCU (Largest Coding Unit) which is the maximum coding unit, and obtains an offset used in the adaptive offset filter processing. The adaptive offset filter 83 performs the determined type of adaptive offset filter processing on the enhancement image after the deblocking filter processing, using the obtained offset. Then, the adaptive offset filter 83 supplies the enhancement image after the adaptive offset filter processing to the adaptive loop filter 84. The adaptive offset filter 83 supplies the type and offset of the adaptive offset process to the lossless encoding unit 76 as offset information.

The adaptive loop filter 84 is constituted by, for example, a two-dimensional Wiener filter. The adaptive loop filter 84 performs an adaptive loop filter (ALF (Adaptive Loop Filter)) process on the enhancement image after the adaptive offset filter process supplied from the adaptive offset filter 83, for example, for each LCU.

Specifically, the adaptive loop filter 84 is adapted for each LCU so that the residual between the enhancement image output from the screen rearrangement buffer 72 and the enhancement image after the adaptive loop filter processing is minimized. A filter coefficient used in the loop filter process is calculated. Then, the adaptive loop filter 84 performs an adaptive loop filter process for each LCU using the calculated filter coefficient on the enhancement image after the adaptive offset filter process.

The adaptive loop filter 84 supplies the enhancement image after the adaptive loop filter processing to the frame memory 85. The adaptive loop filter 84 supplies the filter coefficient to the lossless encoding unit 76.

Note that here, the adaptive loop filter processing is performed for each LCU, but the processing unit of the adaptive loop filter processing is not limited to the LCU. However, the processing can be efficiently performed by combining the processing units of the adaptive offset filter 83 and the adaptive loop filter 84.

The frame memory 85 stores the enhancement image supplied from the adaptive loop filter 84, the enhancement image supplied from the addition unit 81, and the base image supplied from the upsampling unit 91. The image stored in the frame memory 85 is output as a reference image to the intra prediction unit 87 or the motion prediction / compensation unit 88 via the switch 86.

The intra prediction unit 87 uses the reference image read from the frame memory 85 via the switch 86 to perform intra prediction in all candidate intra prediction modes. The intra prediction mode specifies the size and the prediction direction of the prediction block. When the encoding mode is the TextureBL mode (intra-time reference mode), the candidate intra prediction mode includes the candidate prediction block. A size intra-BL mode is included.

The intra prediction unit 87 sets all the candidate intra prediction modes based on the enhancement image read from the screen rearrangement buffer 72, the prediction image generated as a result of the intra prediction, information indicating the intra prediction mode, and the like. On the other hand, a cost function value (details will be described later) is calculated. Then, the intra prediction unit 87 determines the intra prediction mode that minimizes the cost function value as the optimal intra prediction mode.

The intra prediction unit 87 supplies the predicted image generated in the optimal intra prediction mode and the corresponding cost function value to the predicted image selection unit 89. The intra prediction unit 87 supplies the intra prediction mode information to the lossless encoding unit 76 when the prediction image selection unit 89 is notified of the selection of the prediction image generated in the optimal intra prediction mode, and holds the intra prediction mode information. To do.

Note that the cost function value is also called RD (Rate Distortion) cost. It is calculated based on a method of either High Complexity mode or Low Complexity mode as defined by JM (Joint Model) which is reference software in the H.264 / AVC format. H. Reference software in the H.264 / AVC format is published at http://iphome.hhi.de/suehring/tml/index.htm.

Specifically, when the High Complexity 採用 mode is employed as a cost function value calculation method, all candidate prediction modes are temporarily decoded until the cost function represented by the following equation (1) A value Cost (Mode) is calculated for each prediction mode.

D is the difference (distortion) between the original image and the decoded image, R is the generated code amount including even the coefficient of orthogonal transformation, and λ is the Lagrange undetermined multiplier given as a function of the quantization parameter QP.

On the other hand, when Low Complexity mode is adopted as a cost function value calculation method, prediction image generation and code amount calculation of encoding information are performed for all candidate prediction modes. A cost function Cost (Mode) expressed by Equation (2) is calculated for each prediction mode.

D is the difference (distortion) between the original image and the predicted image, Header_Bit is the code amount of the encoding information, and QPtoQuant is a function given as a function of the quantization parameter QP.

In the Low Complexity mode, it is only necessary to generate a prediction image for all prediction modes, and it is not necessary to generate a decoded image.

The motion prediction / compensation unit 88 performs motion prediction / compensation processing for all candidate conditions. Specifically, the motion prediction / compensation unit 88 uses all of the candidate conditions based on the enhancement image supplied from the screen rearrangement buffer 72 and the reference image read from the frame memory 85 via the switch 86. A motion vector of a prediction block to be processed is detected.

Note that the candidate conditions are predetermined conditions of an inter prediction mode indicating the size of a prediction block, an image to be a reference image, and a type of reference image (long term or short term). When the encoding mode is the Ref_idx mode, a base image is also used as a reference image. The motion prediction / compensation unit 88 performs a compensation process on the reference image based on the detected motion vector, and generates a prediction image of the prediction block to be processed.

The motion prediction / compensation unit 88 supplies the motion information encoding unit 92 with a predicted image of a prediction block to be processed, candidate condition information representing the condition, and a motion vector for each candidate condition. The candidate condition information is composed of inter prediction mode, reference image specifying information, and type information indicating whether the type of the reference image is long term or short term.

Further, the reference image specifying information includes prediction direction information indicating whether the reference image is an image preceding or following the display order of the enhancement image to be processed, and what the reference image is from the enhancement image to be processed. And position information indicating whether the image is the th image.

The motion prediction / compensation unit 88 supplies the predicted image of the optimum condition supplied from the motion information encoding unit 92 and the corresponding cost function value to the predicted image selection unit 89.

The motion prediction / compensation unit 88, when notified of the selection of the prediction image generated in the optimal inter prediction mode from the prediction image selection unit 89, the inter prediction mode information from the motion information encoding unit 92, the corresponding motion encoding Information or the like is output to the lossless encoding unit 76. At this time, the motion prediction / compensation unit 88 holds the motion information from the motion information encoding unit 92. The motion information is information including a motion vector, reference image specifying information, and type information.

On the other hand, when the selection of the prediction image generated in the optimal inter prediction mode is not notified from the prediction image selection unit 89, that is, when the optimal prediction mode is the optimal intra prediction mode, the motion prediction / compensation unit 88 performs prediction of the processing target. Reference impossible information indicating that reference is not possible is held as block motion information.

Based on the cost function values supplied from the intra prediction unit 87 and the motion prediction / compensation unit 88, the predicted image selection unit 89 has a smaller corresponding cost function value among the optimal intra prediction mode and the optimal inter prediction mode. Are determined as the optimum prediction mode. Then, the predicted image selection unit 89 supplies the predicted image in the optimal prediction mode to the calculation unit 73 and the addition unit 81.

Thereby, inter coding and inter decoding are performed using a prediction image based on inter prediction, and intra coding and intra decoding are performed using a prediction image based on intra prediction. Further, the predicted image selection unit 89 notifies the intra prediction unit 87 or the motion prediction / compensation unit 88 of selection of the predicted image in the optimal prediction mode.

The rate control unit 90 controls the rate of the quantization operation of the quantization unit 75 based on the encoded data stored in the storage buffer 77 so that overflow or underflow does not occur.

The upsampling unit 91 obtains a decoded base image that is supplied from the base encoding unit 31 in FIG. 4 and is used as a reference image when the base image is encoded. The up-sampling unit 91 converts the resolution of the base image into the enhancement resolution as necessary, and supplies the converted resolution to the frame memory 85.

When at least one of the motion information of adjacent blocks held in the motion prediction / compensation unit 88 is non-referenceable information, the motion information encoding unit 92 notifies the correction unit 93 to that effect. In response to the notification, the motion information encoding unit 92 supplies motion information after updating an adjacent block whose motion information is non-referenceable information in response to the notification. Update.

For each condition, the motion information encoding unit 92 performs processing by the AMVP method based on the updated motion information of the adjacent block and the motion information of the processing target prediction block supplied from the motion prediction / compensation unit 88. The motion information of the prediction block is encoded to generate motion encoding information. Based on the motion coding information, the predicted image from the motion prediction / compensation unit 88, and the enhancement image supplied from the screen rearrangement buffer 72, the motion information encoding unit 92 costs the condition for each condition. Calculate the function value.

The motion information encoding unit 92 determines the condition that minimizes the cost function value as the optimum condition, and sets the inter prediction mode in the optimum condition as the optimum inter prediction mode. Then, the motion prediction / compensation unit 88 receives the inter prediction mode information and the motion information, motion coding information, cost function value, and predicted image of the prediction block to be processed corresponding to the optimum condition. To supply.

In response to the notification from the motion information encoding unit 92, the correction unit 93, when the encoding mode is the TextureBL mode, is held in the intra prediction unit 87, and the intra block of the adjacent block whose motion information is non-referenceable information. Read prediction mode information.

When the intra prediction mode information of an adjacent block whose motion information is non-referenceable information indicates the intra BL mode, the correction unit 93 sends predetermined motion information to the motion information encoding unit 92 as motion information after updating the adjacent block. Supply. The predetermined motion information is information including a 0 vector as a motion vector, information specifying a base image as reference image specifying information, and information representing long term as type information.

(Description of coding unit)
FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining Coding UNIT (CU), which is a coding unit in the HEVC scheme.

Since the HEVC system also targets images with large image frames such as UHD (Ultra High Definition) with 4000 pixels by 2000 pixels, it is not optimal to fix the encoding unit size to 16 pixels by 16 pixels. . Therefore, in the HEVC scheme, CU is defined as a coding unit.

CU plays the same role as a macroblock in the AVC method. Specifically, the CU is divided into prediction blocks (PU) that are units of intra prediction or inter prediction, or is divided into transform blocks (TU) that are units of orthogonal transformation.

However, the size of the CU is a square represented by a power-of-two pixel that is variable for each sequence. Specifically, the CU divides the LCU, which is the largest CU, into two in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction an arbitrary number of times so as not to be smaller than the SCU (Smallest Coding Unit) which is the smallest CU. Is set by That is, the size of an arbitrary hierarchy when the LCU is hierarchized so that the size of the upper hierarchy becomes 1/4 of the size of the lower hierarchy until the SCU becomes the SCU is the size of the CU.

For example, in FIG. 7, the LCU size is 128 and the SCU size is 8. Accordingly, the hierarchical depth (Depth) of the LCU is 0 to 4, and the hierarchical depth number is 5. That is, the number of divisions corresponding to the CU is one of 0 to 4.

Note that information specifying the LCU and SCU sizes is included in the SPS. Also, the number of divisions corresponding to the CU is specified by split_flag indicating whether or not to further divide each layer. Details of the CU are described in Non-Patent Document 1.

Also, in this specification, CTU (Coding Tree Unit) is a unit including parameters for processing in CTB (Coding Tree Block) of LCU and its LCU base (level). Further, it is assumed that a CU constituting a CTU is a unit including CB (Coding Block) and a parameter for processing on the CU base (level).

(Configuration example of motion information encoding unit and correction unit)
FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the motion information encoding unit 92 and the correction unit 93 of FIG.

8 includes a determination unit 111, a buffer 112, and a determination unit 113.

The determination unit 111 of the motion information encoding unit 92 reads out the motion information of adjacent blocks held by the motion prediction / compensation unit 88 of FIG. In addition, when at least one of the read motion information of adjacent blocks is non-referenceable information, the determination unit 111 notifies the determination unit 121 to that effect.

The buffer 112 holds motion information of adjacent blocks supplied from the determination unit 111. In addition, the buffer 112 updates the motion information of the adjacent block that is held using the motion information after the update of the adjacent block whose motion information supplied from the update unit 122 is non-referenceable information. Specifically, the buffer 112 changes the motion information of the adjacent block whose motion information that is held is non-referenceable information to the motion information supplied from the update unit 122.

The determination unit 113 encodes the motion information of each condition supplied from the motion prediction / compensation unit 88 by using the motion information of the adjacent blocks held in the buffer 112, and generates motion encoding information. . Based on the prediction image supplied from the motion prediction / compensation unit 88, the enhancement image supplied from the screen rearrangement buffer 72, and the motion coding information, the determination unit 113 performs a cost function for the condition. Find the value.

The determining unit 113 determines the condition corresponding to the minimum cost function value as the optimal condition, and sets the inter prediction mode in the optimal condition as the optimal inter prediction mode. The determination unit 113 supplies the inter prediction mode information, the prediction image of the optimal condition, the cost function value, the motion information, and the motion encoding information to the motion prediction / compensation unit 88.

The correction unit 93 includes a determination unit 121 and an update unit 122.

The determination unit 121 of the correction unit 93 determines whether the encoding mode is the TextureBL mode in response to the notification from the determination unit 111. Note that information indicating whether the encoding mode is the TextureBL mode or the Ref_idx mode is set in an extension area of the VPS or the like.

When it is determined that the encoding mode is the TextureBL mode, the determination unit 121 reads the intra prediction mode information of an adjacent block whose motion information is non-referenceable information, which is held in the intra prediction unit 87. The determination unit 121 determines whether or not the read intra prediction mode information represents the intra BL mode, and supplies the determination result to the update unit 122.

When it is determined that the intra prediction mode information represents the intra BL mode based on the determination result from the determination unit 121, the update unit 122 is predetermined as the updated motion information of an adjacent block whose motion information is non-referenceable information. Motion information is supplied to the buffer 112.

(Example of adjacent blocks)
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of adjacent blocks.

As shown in FIG. 9, there are a prediction block 141 adjacent in the lower left direction of the prediction block 131 and a prediction block 142 adjacent in the left direction as the adjacent blocks of the prediction block 131 to be processed. Further, there are a prediction block 143 adjacent in the upper right direction, a prediction block 144 adjacent in the upper direction, and a prediction block 145 adjacent in the upper left direction.

Further, there is a central prediction block 146 and a lower right prediction block 147 of the collocated block 132 having the same position and size as the enhancement image prediction block 131 of the frame adjacent to the prediction block 131 frame.

The determination unit 113 encodes the motion information of the prediction block to be processed by the AMVP method using the motion information of the adjacent blocks as described above. Specifically, the determination unit 113 first determines whether or not the motion information of the prediction block 141 and the prediction block 142 among the adjacent blocks can be referred to in order.

When the determination unit 113 determines that reference is possible, the VEC1 scan is sequentially performed on the prediction block 141 and the prediction block 142 among the adjacent blocks. The VEC1 scan is to determine whether prediction direction information and position information, and type information of reference image identification information in motion information are the same between adjacent blocks and a prediction block to be processed. .

Next, the determination unit 113 performs VEC2 scans on the prediction block 141 and the prediction block 142 in order. The VEC2 scan is to determine whether the position information and the type information are the same between the adjacent block and the prediction block to be processed, but the prediction direction information is different.

Next, the determination unit 113 performs VEC3 scanning on the prediction block 141 and the prediction block 142 in order. The VEC3 scan is to determine whether type information and prediction direction information are the same between adjacent blocks and a prediction block to be processed.

Finally, the determination unit 113 sequentially scans the prediction block 141 and the prediction block 142 using VEC4. The VEC4 scan is to determine whether the type information is the same although the prediction direction information is different between the adjacent block and the prediction block to be processed.

In addition, when it determines with it being the same in each scan mentioned above, the next scan of the scan is not performed, but the motion information of the adjacent block corresponding to a determination result is encoding the motion information of the prediction block of a process target. Candidate for motion information to be used.

However, when motion information candidates are determined by scanning VEC3 and VEC4 and the type information of motion information candidates represents short term, the motion vector of the motion information of the adjacent block is scaled by the following equation (3). The motion vector is a candidate motion vector.

In equation (3), mvLxA is a motion vector of an adjacent block. Tb is a difference between the enhancement image of the prediction block to be processed and the POC (Picture （Order Count) of the reference image specified by the reference image specifying information of the prediction block to be processed. td is a difference between the POC of the reference image specified by the enhancement image of the prediction block to be processed and the reference image specifying information of the adjacent block.

On the other hand, if the motion information of the prediction block 141 and the prediction block 142 cannot be referred to, or if it is determined that they are not the same in all scans of VEC1 to VEC4, motion information candidates are not determined.

Similarly, the determination unit 113 sequentially determines whether the motion information of the prediction blocks 143 to 145 is not referable and scans VEC1 to VEC4 in the same manner for the prediction blocks 143 to 145. Thereby, based on the motion information of the prediction blocks 143 to 145, motion information candidates used for encoding the motion information of the prediction block to be processed are determined.

When the number of motion information candidates determined as described above is less than two, or when the two motion information candidates are the same, the determination unit 113 refers to the motion information of the prediction block 147. Determine if it is possible. If the determination unit 113 determines that reference is possible, the determination unit 113 determines the motion information of the prediction block 147 as a motion information candidate.

On the other hand, when it is determined that the motion information of the prediction block 147 is not referable, the determination unit 113 determines whether or not the motion information of the prediction block 146 is referable, and when it is determined that reference is possible, The motion information of the prediction block 146 is determined as a motion information candidate.

Further, when determining that the motion information of the prediction block 146 is not referable, the determining unit 113 determines motion information including a 0 vector as a motion vector as a motion information candidate.

The determining unit 113 assigns indexes (motion information specifying information) to the motion information candidates determined as described above in a predetermined order, and registers them in the candidate list. Then, the determination unit 113 uses the motion information candidate index having a small difference from the motion information of the prediction block to be processed among the motion information candidates registered in the candidate list, and the difference as motion encoding information. Generate as

(Example of syntax of VPS extended area)
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of syntax of a VPS extension region.

As shown in the seventh line of FIG. 10, information (scalability_mask) (mode information) indicating whether the encoding mode is the TextureBL mode or the Ref_idx mode is set in the extension area (vps_extension) of the VPS.

(Description of processing of encoding device)
FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating the hierarchical encoding process of the encoding device 30 in FIG.

In step S11 in FIG. 11, the base encoding unit 31 of the encoding device 30 encodes a base image input from the outside using the HEVC method, and generates a base stream by adding a parameter set. Then, the base encoding unit 31 supplies the base stream to the synthesis unit 33.

In step S12, the base encoding unit 31 supplies the decoded base image to the enhancement encoding unit 32 for use as a reference image.

In step S13, the setting unit 51 (FIG. 5) of the enhancement encoding unit 32 sets a parameter set for the enhancement image. In step S14, the upsampling unit 91 (FIG. 6) of the encoding unit 52 converts the resolution of the base image supplied from the base encoding unit 31 to the resolution of the enhancement image, supplies the resolution to the frame memory 85, and holds it. .

In step S15, the encoding unit 52 performs an enhancement encoding process for encoding an enhancement image input from the outside using the base image supplied from the base encoding unit 31. Details of the enhancement encoding process will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13 described later.

In step S 16, the generation unit 78 (FIG. 6) of the encoding unit 52 generates an enhancement stream from the encoded data generated in step S 15 and the parameter set supplied from the setting unit 51 and supplies the enhancement stream to the synthesis unit 33. To do.

In step S17, the synthesizing unit 33 synthesizes the base stream supplied from the base encoding unit 31 and the enhancement stream supplied from the enhancement encoding unit 32 to generate an encoded stream of all layers. The synthesis unit 33 supplies the encoded stream of all layers to the transmission unit 34.

In step S18, the transmission unit 34 transmits the encoded stream of all layers supplied from the synthesis unit 33 to a decoding device to be described later.

12 and 13 are flowcharts illustrating details of the enhancement encoding process in step S15 of FIG.

12, the A / D conversion unit 71 of the encoding unit 52 performs A / D conversion on the enhancement image in frame units input as the input signal, and outputs and stores the enhancement image in the screen rearrangement buffer 72.

In step S32, the screen rearrangement buffer 72 rearranges the enhancement images of the frames in the stored display order in the order for encoding according to the GOP structure. The screen rearrangement buffer 72 supplies the rearranged enhancement image in units of frames to the calculation unit 73, the intra prediction unit 87, the motion prediction / compensation unit 88, and the motion information encoding unit 92.

In step S33, the intra prediction unit 87 performs intra prediction processing for all candidate intra prediction modes. Also, the encoding unit 52 performs motion prediction / compensation processing for all candidate conditions. Details of the motion prediction / compensation processing will be described with reference to FIG.

In step S34, the prediction image selection unit 89 selects the optimal intra prediction mode or the optimal inter prediction mode based on the cost function values supplied from the intra prediction unit 87 and the motion prediction / compensation unit 88 by the process of step S33. The one with the smallest cost function value is determined as the optimum prediction mode. Then, the predicted image selection unit 89 supplies the predicted image in the optimal prediction mode to the calculation unit 73 and the addition unit 81.

In step S35, the predicted image selection unit 89 determines whether or not the optimal prediction mode is the optimal inter prediction mode. When it is determined in step S35 that the optimal prediction mode is the optimal inter prediction mode, the predicted image selection unit 89 notifies the motion prediction / compensation unit 88 of selection of the predicted image generated in the optimal inter prediction mode.

In step S 36, the motion prediction / compensation unit 88 supplies the inter prediction mode information and the motion encoding information supplied from the motion information encoding unit 92 to the lossless encoding unit 76. In step S 37, the motion prediction / compensation unit 88 holds the motion information of the prediction block to be processed under the optimum conditions supplied from the motion information encoding unit 92.

For example, when the encoding mode is the Ref_idx mode and the prediction block to be processed under the optimal condition is encoded using the base image as the reference image, the motion prediction / compensation unit 88 includes a 0 vector as the motion vector. , Motion information including information indicating long 示す term as type information is held. Then, the process proceeds to step S40.

On the other hand, when it is determined in step S35 that the optimal prediction mode is not the optimal inter prediction mode, that is, when the optimal prediction mode is the optimal intra prediction mode, the prediction image selection unit 89 performs prediction generated in the optimal intra prediction mode. The intra prediction unit 87 is notified of image selection.

In step S38, the motion prediction / compensation unit 88 holds the unusable information as the motion information of the prediction block to be processed. In step S39, the intra prediction unit 87 supplies the intra prediction mode information to the lossless encoding unit 76, and the process proceeds to step S40.

In step S40, the calculation unit 73 performs encoding by subtracting the prediction image supplied from the prediction image selection unit 89 from the enhancement image supplied from the screen rearrangement buffer 72. The computing unit 73 outputs the resulting image to the orthogonal transform unit 74 as residual information.

In step S 41, the orthogonal transform unit 74 performs orthogonal transform on the residual information from the calculation unit 73 and supplies the resulting orthogonal transform coefficient to the quantization unit 75.

In step S42, the quantization unit 75 quantizes the coefficient supplied from the orthogonal transform unit 74, and supplies the resulting coefficient to the lossless encoding unit 76 and the inverse quantization unit 79.

In step S43 of FIG. 13, the inverse quantization unit 79 inversely quantizes the quantized coefficient supplied from the quantization unit 75, and supplies the orthogonal transform coefficient obtained as a result to the inverse orthogonal transform unit 80.

In step S44, the inverse orthogonal transform unit 80 performs inverse orthogonal transform on the orthogonal transform coefficient supplied from the inverse quantization unit 79, and supplies the residual information obtained as a result to the addition unit 81.

In step S45, the adding unit 81 adds the residual information supplied from the inverse orthogonal transform unit 80 and the predicted image supplied from the predicted image selecting unit 89 to obtain a locally decoded enhancement image. The adder 81 supplies the obtained enhancement image to the deblock filter 82 and also supplies it to the frame memory 85.

In step S46, the deblock filter 82 performs deblocking filter processing on the locally decoded enhancement image supplied from the adder 81. The deblocking filter 82 supplies the enhancement image obtained as a result to the adaptive offset filter 83.

In step S47, the adaptive offset filter 83 performs an adaptive offset filter process on the enhancement image supplied from the deblocking filter 82 for each LCU. Then, the adaptive offset filter 83 supplies the enhancement image after the adaptive offset filter processing to the adaptive loop filter 84. The adaptive offset filter 83 supplies the type and offset of the adaptive offset process to the lossless encoding unit 76 as offset information.

In step S48, the adaptive loop filter 84 performs adaptive loop filter processing for each LCU on the enhancement image supplied from the adaptive offset filter 83. The adaptive loop filter 84 supplies the resulting enhancement image to the frame memory 85. The adaptive loop filter 84 also supplies the filter coefficient used in the adaptive loop filter process to the lossless encoding unit 76.

In step S49, the frame memory 85 stores the enhancement image supplied from the adaptive loop filter 84, the enhancement image supplied from the adder 81, and the base image supplied from the upsampling unit 91. The image stored in the frame memory 85 is output as a reference image to the intra prediction unit 87 or the motion prediction / compensation unit 88 via the switch 86.

In step S50, the lossless encoding unit 76 losslessly encodes intra prediction mode information or inter prediction mode information and motion encoding information, offset information, and filter coefficients as encoding information.

In step S51, the lossless encoding unit 76 performs lossless encoding on the quantized coefficient supplied from the quantization unit 75. Then, the lossless encoding unit 76 generates encoded data from the encoding information that has been losslessly encoded in the process of step S 50 and the losslessly encoded coefficient, and supplies the encoded data to the accumulation buffer 77.

In step S52, the accumulation buffer 77 temporarily accumulates the encoded data supplied from the lossless encoding unit 76.

In step S53, the rate control unit 90 controls the rate of the quantization operation of the quantization unit 75 based on the encoded data stored in the storage buffer 77 so that overflow or underflow does not occur.

In step S54, the accumulation buffer 77 outputs the stored encoded data to the generation unit 78. And a process returns to step S15 of FIG. 11, and progresses to step S16.

In the encoding process of FIGS. 12 and 13, in order to simplify the description, the intra prediction process and the motion prediction / compensation process are always performed, but in actuality, either one of them depends on the picture type or the like. Sometimes only.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart for explaining the details of the motion prediction / compensation process in step S33 of FIG.

In step S71 of FIG. 14, the motion prediction / compensation unit 88 of the encoding unit 52 sets a condition that has not been set as the current condition among the candidate conditions as the current condition.

In step S 72, the motion prediction / compensation unit 88 predicts the processing target of the current condition based on the enhancement image supplied from the screen rearrangement buffer 72 and the reference image read from the frame memory 85 via the switch 86. Detect block motion vectors.

In step S73, the motion prediction / compensation unit 88 performs compensation processing on the reference image based on the detected motion vector, and generates a prediction image of the prediction block to be processed. In step S 74, the motion prediction / compensation unit 88 outputs the prediction image of the prediction block to be processed and the corresponding candidate condition information to the motion information encoding unit 92.

In step S75, the determination unit 111 (FIG. 8) of the motion information encoding unit 92 reads the motion information of adjacent blocks held by the motion prediction / compensation unit 88, and supplies the information to the buffer 112 for holding. The subsequent steps S76 to S81 are performed for each adjacent block.

In step S76, the determination unit 111 determines whether the motion information of the adjacent block is non-referenceable information. If it is determined in step S76 that the motion information of the adjacent block is non-referenceable information, the determination unit 111 notifies the determination unit 121 of the correction unit 93 to that effect.

In step S77, the determination unit 121 determines whether the encoding mode is the TextureBL mode. When it is determined in step S77 that the TextureBL mode is selected, the determination unit 121 reads the intra prediction mode information of the adjacent block held in the intra prediction unit 87.

In step S78, the determination unit 121 determines whether the read intra prediction mode information indicates the intra BL mode, and supplies the determination result to the update unit 122. If it is determined in step S78 that the intra BL mode is represented, in step S79, the update unit 122 supplies the 0 vector to the buffer 112 as the motion vector of the motion information after updating the adjacent block, and updates the buffer 112.

In step S80, the update unit 122 supplies the position information of the base image to the buffer 112 as the position information of the motion information after updating the adjacent blocks, and updates the buffer 112. In step S 81, the update unit 122 supplies the buffer 112 with information indicating long バッファ term as the type information of the motion information after updating the adjacent block, and updates the buffer 112. Then, the process proceeds to step S82.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S76 that the motion information of the adjacent block is not reference-disabled information, or if it is determined in step S77 that the encoding mode is not the TextureBL mode, the process proceeds to step S82. That is, in this case, the motion information of the adjacent block is not updated.

In step S82, the determination unit 113 reads the motion information of the adjacent block from the buffer 112 to generate a candidate list, and based on the motion information candidates registered in the candidate list and the motion information of the prediction block to be processed. Select the optimal motion information candidate.

In step S83, the determination unit 113 calculates the difference between the optimal motion information candidate and the motion information of the prediction block to be processed, and generates the difference and the optimal motion information candidate index as motion coding information. .

In step S84, the motion prediction / compensation unit 88 determines whether or not all candidate conditions have been set as current conditions. If it is determined in step S84 that all candidate conditions have not been set as current conditions, the process returns to step S71, and step S71 is performed until all candidate conditions are set as current conditions. Through S84 are repeated.

On the other hand, when it is determined in step S84 that all candidate conditions have been set as the current conditions, in step S85, the determination unit 113 determines the optimum conditions. Specifically, the determination unit 113 obtains a cost function value for each condition based on the predicted image, the enhancement image supplied from the screen rearrangement buffer 72, and the motion coding information. The determination unit 113 determines the condition that minimizes the cost function value as the optimum condition, and sets the inter prediction mode in the optimum condition as the optimum inter prediction mode.

In step S86, the determination unit 113 supplies the inter prediction mode information and the predicted image of the optimal condition, the cost function value, the motion information, and the motion encoding information to the motion prediction / compensation unit 88.

As described above, when the adjacent block is intra-coded in the intra BL mode, the encoding device 30 encodes the motion information of the prediction block to be processed using the predetermined motion information as the motion information of the adjacent block. Turn into. As a result, it is possible to reduce the motion information of adjacent blocks that are non-referenceable information and improve the encoding efficiency.

(Configuration example of one embodiment of decoding device)
FIG. 15 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of an embodiment of a decoding device to which the present disclosure is applied, which decodes an encoded stream of all layers transmitted from the encoding device 30 of FIG.

15 includes a reception unit 161, a separation unit 162, a base decoding unit 163, and an enhancement decoding unit 164.

The receiving unit 161 receives the encoded stream of all layers transmitted from the encoding device 30 in FIG. 4 and supplies it to the separating unit 162.

The separating unit 162 separates the base stream from the encoded streams of all layers supplied from the receiving unit 161 and supplies the base stream to the base decoding unit 163, and separates the enhancement stream and supplies the enhancement stream to the enhancement decoding unit 164.

The base decoding unit 163 is configured in the same manner as a conventional HEVC decoding device, decodes the base stream supplied from the separation unit 162 using the HEVC method, and generates a base image. The base decoding unit 163 supplies the base image to the enhancement decoding unit 164 and outputs it.

The enhancement decoding unit 164 decodes the enhancement stream supplied from the demultiplexing unit 162 by a method according to the HEVC method, and generates an enhancement image. At this time, the enhancement decoding unit 164 refers to the base image supplied from the base decoding unit 163 as necessary. The enhancement decoding unit 164 outputs the generated enhancement image.

(Configuration example of enhancement decoding unit)
FIG. 16 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the enhancement decoding unit 164 of FIG.

The enhancement decoding unit 164 in FIG. 16 includes an extraction unit 181 and a decoding unit 182.

The extraction unit 181 of the enhancement decoding unit 164 extracts a parameter set and encoded data from the enhancement stream supplied from the separation unit 162 in FIG. 15 and supplies the extracted parameter set and encoded data to the decoding unit 182.

The decoding unit 182 refers to the base image supplied from the base decoding unit 163 in FIG. 15 and decodes the encoded data supplied from the extraction unit 181 by a method according to the HEVC method. At this time, the decoding unit 182 refers to the parameter set supplied from the extraction unit 181 as necessary. The decoding unit 182 outputs an enhancement image obtained as a result of decoding.

(Configuration example of decoding unit)
FIG. 17 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the decoding unit 182 of FIG.

17 includes an accumulation buffer 201, a lossless decoding unit 202, an inverse quantization unit 203, an inverse orthogonal transform unit 204, an addition unit 205, a deblocking filter 206, an adaptive offset filter 207, an adaptive loop filter 208, a screen arrangement. It comprises a replacement buffer 209, a D / A conversion unit 210, a frame memory 211, a switch 212, an intra prediction unit 213, a motion compensation unit 214, a switch 215, an upsampling unit 216, a motion information decoding unit 217, and a correction unit 218. .

The accumulation buffer 201 of the decoding unit 182 receives and accumulates encoded data from the extraction unit 181 of FIG. The accumulation buffer 201 supplies the accumulated encoded data to the lossless decoding unit 202.

The lossless decoding unit 202 performs lossless decoding such as variable length decoding and arithmetic decoding corresponding to the lossless encoding of the lossless encoding unit 76 of FIG. 6 on the encoded data from the accumulation buffer 201, Obtain quantized coefficients and encoding information. The lossless decoding unit 202 supplies the quantized coefficient to the inverse quantization unit 203. Further, the lossless decoding unit 202 supplies intra prediction mode information as encoded information to the intra prediction unit 213, and supplies inter prediction mode information, motion encoded information, and the like to the motion information decoding unit 217.

Further, the lossless decoding unit 202 instructs the switch 215 to select the intra prediction unit 213 when the encoded information does not include the inter prediction mode information. The selection of 214 is instructed. The lossless decoding unit 202 supplies offset information as encoded information to the adaptive offset filter 207 and supplies filter coefficients to the adaptive loop filter 208.

The inverse quantization unit 203, the inverse orthogonal transform unit 204, the addition unit 205, the deblock filter 206, the adaptive offset filter 207, the adaptive loop filter 208, the frame memory 211, the switch 212, the intra prediction unit 213, and the motion compensation unit 214 6, inverse quantization unit 79, inverse orthogonal transform unit 80, addition unit 81, deblock filter 82, adaptive offset filter 83, adaptive loop filter 84, frame memory 85, switch 86, intra prediction unit 87, and motion The same processing as that performed by the prediction / compensation unit 88 is performed, whereby the image is decoded.

Specifically, the inverse quantization unit 203 inversely quantizes the quantized coefficient from the lossless decoding unit 202 and supplies the orthogonal transform coefficient obtained as a result to the inverse orthogonal transform unit 204.

The inverse orthogonal transform unit 204 performs inverse orthogonal transform on the orthogonal transform coefficient from the inverse quantization unit 203. The inverse orthogonal transform unit 204 supplies residual information obtained as a result of the inverse orthogonal transform to the addition unit 205.

The adding unit 205 functions as an image decoding unit, and performs decoding by adding residual information as a decoding target image supplied from the inverse orthogonal transform unit 204 and a predicted image supplied from the switch 215. The adding unit 205 supplies the enhancement image obtained as a result of decoding to the deblocking filter 206 and also supplies it to the frame memory 211. When the predicted image is not supplied from the switch 215, the adding unit 205 supplies the image that is the residual information supplied from the inverse orthogonal transform unit 204 to the deblocking filter 206 as an enhancement image obtained as a result of decoding. The frame memory 211 is supplied and accumulated.

The deblocking filter 206 performs a deblocking filter process on the enhancement image supplied from the adding unit 205 and supplies the enhancement image obtained as a result to the adaptive offset filter 207.

The adaptive offset filter 207 performs adaptive offset filter processing on the enhancement image from the deblocking filter 206 for each LCU using the offset information supplied from the lossless decoding unit 202. The adaptive offset filter 207 supplies the enhancement image after the adaptive offset filter processing to the adaptive loop filter 208.

The adaptive loop filter 208 performs adaptive loop filter processing for each LCU on the enhancement image supplied from the adaptive offset filter 207 using the filter coefficient supplied from the lossless decoding unit 202. The adaptive loop filter 208 supplies the enhancement image obtained as a result to the frame memory 211 and the screen rearrangement buffer 209.

The screen rearrangement buffer 209 stores the enhancement image supplied from the adaptive loop filter 208 in units of frames. The screen rearrangement buffer 209 rearranges the stored enhancement images in frame units for encoding in the original display order and supplies them to the D / A conversion unit 210.

The D / A conversion unit 210 performs D / A conversion on the enhancement image for each frame supplied from the screen rearrangement buffer 209 and outputs the enhancement image.

The frame memory 211 stores the enhancement image supplied from the adaptive loop filter 208, the enhancement image supplied from the addition unit 205, and the base image supplied from the upsampling unit 216. The image stored in the frame memory 211 is read as a reference image and supplied to the intra prediction unit 213 or the motion compensation unit 214 via the switch 212.

The intra prediction unit 213 performs intra prediction in the optimal intra prediction mode indicated by the intra prediction mode information supplied from the lossless decoding unit 202, using the reference image read from the frame memory 211 via the switch 212. The intra prediction unit 213 supplies the prediction image generated as a result to the switch 215.

The motion compensation unit 214 holds the motion information supplied from the motion information decoding unit 217. The motion compensation unit 214 reads a reference image from the frame memory 211 via the switch 212 based on the motion information and the inter prediction mode information. The motion compensation unit 214 performs motion compensation processing using the motion vector and the reference image in the motion information. The motion compensation unit 214 supplies the predicted image generated as a result to the switch 215.

The switch 215 supplies the prediction image supplied from the intra prediction unit 213 to the addition unit 205 when the selection of the intra prediction unit 213 is instructed from the lossless decoding unit 202. On the other hand, when the selection of the motion compensation unit 214 is instructed from the lossless decoding unit 202, the switch 215 supplies the predicted image supplied from the motion compensation unit 214 to the addition unit 205.

The upsampling unit 216 acquires the base image supplied from the base decoding unit 163 in FIG. Similar to the upsampling unit 91 in FIG. 6, the upsampling unit 216 converts the resolution of the base image into the resolution of the enhancement image as necessary, and supplies it to the frame memory 211.

The motion information decoding unit 217 reads the motion information of the adjacent block from the motion compensation unit 214, and when at least one of the motion information is non-referenceable information, notifies the correction unit 218 to that effect. In response to the notification, the motion information decoding unit 217 supplies motion information of the adjacent block using the motion information when the correction unit 218 has supplied the updated motion information of the adjacent block whose motion information is non-referenceable information. Update.

The motion information decoding unit 217 identifies an optimal motion information candidate based on the updated motion information and the index of the motion coding information supplied from the lossless decoding unit 202. The motion information decoding unit 217 decodes the motion encoded information by adding the difference in the motion encoded information and the optimal candidate for the motion information, and generates motion information. The motion information decoding unit 217 supplies the generated motion information and the inter prediction mode information from the lossless decoding unit 202 to the motion compensation unit 214.

In response to the notification from the motion information decoding unit 217, the correction unit 218 holds the intra prediction of adjacent blocks whose motion information is non-referenceable information held in the intra prediction unit 213 when the encoding mode is the TextureBL mode. Read mode information. When the intra prediction mode information of an adjacent block whose motion information is non-referenceable information indicates the intra BL mode, the correcting unit 218 supplies predetermined motion information to the motion information decoding unit 217 as updated motion information of the adjacent block. To do.

(Configuration example of motion information decoding unit and correction unit)
18 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the motion information decoding unit 217 and the correction unit 218 in FIG.

The motion information decoding unit 217 in FIG. 18 includes a determination unit 231, a buffer 232, and a determination unit 233.

The determination unit 231 of the motion information decoding unit 217 reads the motion information of adjacent blocks held by the motion compensation unit 214 in FIG. 17 and supplies the information to the buffer 232. In addition, when at least one of the read motion information of adjacent blocks is non-referenceable information, the determination unit 231 notifies the determination unit 241 to that effect.

The buffer 232 holds adjacent block motion information supplied from the determination unit 231. Further, the buffer 232 uses the motion information after the update of the adjacent block whose motion information supplied from the update unit 242 is the non-referenceable information, similarly to the buffer 112 in FIG. Update information.

The determination unit 233 uses the motion information held in the buffer 232 to decode the motion coding information supplied from the lossless decoding unit 202 in FIG. 17 by the AMVP method, and generates motion information. Specifically, the determination unit 233 selects motion information candidates from the motion information held in the buffer 232 based on the motion coding information, as in the determination unit 113 of FIG. To do.

Then, the determination unit 233 selects a motion information candidate to which an index included in the motion coding information is assigned from among motion information candidates registered in the candidate list as an optimal motion information candidate. The determination unit 233 decodes the motion coding information by adding the optimal motion information candidate and the difference included in the motion coding information, and generates motion information. The determination unit 233 supplies the generated motion information and the inter prediction mode information from the lossless decoding unit 202 to the motion compensation unit 214.

The correction unit 218 is configured by a determination unit 241 and an update unit 242 similarly to the correction unit 93 in FIG. 8 and performs the same processing as the correction unit 93, and thus description thereof is omitted.

(Description of processing of decoding device)
FIG. 19 is a flowchart for explaining the hierarchical decoding process of the decoding device 160 of FIG.

19, the reception unit 161 of the decoding device 160 receives the encoded stream of all layers transmitted from the encoding device 30 of FIG. 4 and supplies the encoded stream to the separation unit 162.

In step S112, the separation unit 162 separates the base stream and the enhancement stream from the encoded stream of all layers. The separation unit 162 supplies the base stream to the base decoding unit 163 and supplies the enhancement stream to the enhancement decoding unit 164.

In step S113, the base decoding unit 163 decodes the base stream supplied from the separation unit 162 by the HEVC method, and generates a base image. The base decoding unit 163 supplies the generated base image to the enhancement decoding unit 164 and outputs it.

In step S114, the extraction unit 181 (FIG. 16) of the enhancement decoding unit 164 extracts the parameter set and the encoded data from the enhancement stream supplied from the separation unit 162.

In step S115, the upsampling unit 216 (FIG. 17) of the decoding unit 182 converts the resolution of the base image supplied from the base decoding unit 163 into the resolution of the enhancement image, supplies the resolution to the frame memory 211, and holds it.

In step S116, the decoding unit 182 refers to the base image supplied from the base decoding unit 163, and performs enhancement decoding processing for decoding the encoded data supplied from the extraction unit 181 by a method according to the HEVC method. Details of the enhancement decoding process will be described with reference to FIG. Then, the process ends.

FIG. 20 is a flowchart for explaining the details of the enhancement decoding process in step S116 of FIG.

In step S130 of FIG. 20, the accumulation buffer 201 (FIG. 17) of the enhancement decoding unit 182 receives and accumulates the encoded data in units of frames from the extraction unit 181 of FIG. The accumulation buffer 201 supplies the accumulated encoded data to the lossless decoding unit 202.

In step S131, the lossless decoding unit 202 losslessly decodes the encoded data from the accumulation buffer 201 to obtain quantized coefficients and encoded information. The lossless decoding unit 202 supplies the quantized coefficient to the inverse quantization unit 203. Further, the lossless decoding unit 202 supplies intra prediction mode information as encoded information to the intra prediction unit 213, and supplies inter prediction mode information, motion encoded information, and the like to the motion information decoding unit 217.

In step S132, the inverse quantization unit 203 inversely quantizes the quantized coefficient from the lossless decoding unit 202, and supplies the resulting orthogonal transform coefficient to the inverse orthogonal transform unit 204. In step S 133, the inverse orthogonal transform unit 204 performs inverse orthogonal transform on the orthogonal transform coefficient from the inverse quantization unit 203, and supplies residual information obtained as a result to the addition unit 205.

In step S134, the motion information decoding unit 217 determines whether or not the inter prediction mode information is supplied from the lossless decoding unit 202. If it is determined in step S134 that the inter prediction mode information has been supplied, the process proceeds to step S135.

In step S135, the decoding unit 182 performs a motion information decoding process for decoding the motion coding information supplied from the lossless decoding unit 202 together with the inter prediction mode information. Details of the motion information decoding process will be described with reference to FIG.

In step S136, the motion compensation unit 214 reads the reference image based on the motion information supplied from the motion information decoding unit 217, and performs a motion compensation process using the motion vector and the reference image in the motion information. The motion compensation unit 214 supplies the predicted image generated as a result to the addition unit 205 via the switch 215, and the process proceeds to step S138.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step S134 that the inter prediction mode information is not supplied, that is, if the intra prediction mode information is supplied to the intra prediction unit 213, the process proceeds to step S137.

In step S137, the intra prediction unit 213 performs an intra prediction process using the reference image read from the frame memory 211 via the switch 212. The intra prediction unit 213 supplies the prediction image generated as a result to the addition unit 205 via the switch 215, and the process proceeds to step S138.

In step S138, the adding unit 205 adds the residual information supplied from the inverse orthogonal transform unit 204 and the prediction image supplied from the switch 215. The adding unit 205 supplies the enhancement image obtained as a result to the deblocking filter 206 and also supplies it to the frame memory 211.

In step S139, the deblocking filter 206 performs deblocking filter processing on the enhancement image supplied from the adding unit 205 to remove block distortion. The deblocking filter 206 supplies the enhancement image obtained as a result to the adaptive offset filter 207.

In step S140, the adaptive offset filter 207 refers to the offset information supplied from the lossless decoding unit 202 with respect to the enhancement image from the deblocking filter 206, and performs adaptive offset filter processing for each LCU.

In step S141, the adaptive loop filter 208 performs adaptive loop filter processing for each LCU on the enhancement image supplied from the adaptive offset filter 207 using the filter coefficient supplied from the lossless decoding unit 202. The adaptive loop filter 208 supplies the enhancement image obtained as a result to the frame memory 211 and the screen rearrangement buffer 209.

In step S142, the frame memory 211 stores the enhancement image supplied from the adaptive loop filter 208, the enhancement image supplied from the adding unit 205, and the base image supplied from the upsampling unit 216. The image stored in the frame memory 211 is supplied to the intra prediction unit 213 or the motion compensation unit 214 via the switch 212 as a reference image.

In step S143, the screen rearrangement buffer 209 stores the enhancement image supplied from the adaptive loop filter 208 in units of frames, and the stored frame-based enhancement images for encoding in the original display order. The data is rearranged and supplied to the D / A converter 210.

In step S144, the D / A conversion unit 210 D / A converts the enhancement image in units of frames supplied from the screen rearrangement buffer 209 and outputs the enhancement image. Then, the process returns to step S116 in FIG. 19 and ends.

FIG. 21 is a flowchart illustrating the details of the motion information decoding process in step S135 of FIG.

In step S161, the motion information decoding unit 217 acquires inter prediction mode information and motion coding information from the lossless decoding unit 202 of FIG. In step S 162, the determination unit 231 (FIG. 18) of the motion information decoding unit 217 reads the motion information of adjacent blocks held by the motion compensation unit 214, and supplies the information to the buffer 232 for holding.

The processing of steps S163 to S168 is the same as the processing of steps S76 to S81 in FIG.

In step S169, the determination unit 233 selects an optimal motion information candidate based on the motion coding information. Specifically, the determination unit 233 selects a motion information candidate from the motion information held in the buffer 232 based on the motion coding information in the same manner as the determination unit 113 in FIG. 8, and generates a candidate list. To do. Then, the determination unit 233 selects a motion information candidate to which an index included in the motion coding information is assigned as the optimal motion information candidate from the motion information candidates registered in the candidate list.

In step S170, the determination unit 233 decodes the motion coding information by adding the optimal motion information candidate and the difference included in the motion coding information, and generates motion information.

In step S171, the determination unit 233 supplies the motion information and the inter prediction mode information to the motion compensation unit 214. Then, the process returns to step S135 in FIG. 20 and proceeds to step S136.

As described above, when the adjacent block is intra-encoded in the intra BL mode, the decoding device 160 decodes the motion information of the prediction block to be processed using the predetermined motion information as the motion information of the adjacent block. . Therefore, it is possible to decode the enhancement stream generated by the encoding device 30 with improved encoding efficiency.

(Another example of motion information encoding method)
The encoding apparatus 30 described above encodes motion information by the AMVP method, but may encode it by a merge method.

FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating an example of adjacent blocks in the merge method.

As shown in FIG. 22, there are a prediction block 261 adjacent to the prediction block 131 in the left direction and a prediction block 262 adjacent in the lower left direction as the adjacent blocks of the processing target prediction block 131 in the merge method. Further, there are a prediction block 263 adjacent in the upper direction, a prediction block 264 adjacent in the upper right direction, and a prediction block 265 adjacent in the upper left direction.

Furthermore, there is a prediction block 266 at the center of the collocated block 132 of the prediction block 131 and a prediction block 267 at the lower right.

The merge method candidate list is generated using the motion information of the adjacent blocks as described above. Specifically, referenceable motion information among the motion information of the prediction blocks 261 to 264 is registered in the candidate list as motion information candidates. Here, for example, the motion information of the adjacent block whose type information is different from the motion information of the prediction block to be processed is not referenceable motion information and is not registered in the candidate list.

When at least one piece of motion information among the motion information of the prediction blocks 261 to 264 is motion information that cannot be referred to, when the motion information of the prediction block 265 is motion information that can be referred to, the motion information of the prediction block 265 is It is registered in the candidate list as a candidate for motion information.

When the number of motion information candidates registered in the candidate list is 4 or less, when the motion information of the prediction block 267 is referenceable motion information, the motion information of the prediction block 267 is registered in the list as a motion information candidate. Is done. On the other hand, when the motion information of the prediction block 267 is not referable motion information, if the motion information of the prediction block 266 is referable, the motion information of the prediction block 266 is registered in the candidate list as a motion information candidate.

FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an example of a candidate list in which motion information candidates are registered as described above.

23, in the candidate list, motion information candidates are registered in association with each of the five indexes (Merge_idx).

In FIG. 23, L0 is prediction direction information indicating that the reference image is an image preceding the enhancement image to be processed in the display order, and L1 is a display image in which the reference image is in the display order from the enhancement image to be processed. This is prediction direction information indicating a later image. MvL0_A and mvL1_B each represent a motion vector, and ref0 represents position information and type information.

23A, when the number of motion information candidates registered in the candidate list is smaller than 5, new motion information is generated and added to the candidate list as motion information candidates. As motion information added to the candidate list, for example, as shown in FIG. 23B, there is motion information including both motion information including L0 and motion information including L1.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 23A, when the number of motion information candidates registered in the candidate list is two, the motion information including L0 corresponding to index 0 in association with index 2 Motion information including both motion information including L1 corresponding to index 1 is added to the candidate list.

FIG. 24 shows motion vectors of motion information candidates registered in the candidate list after addition. As shown in FIG. 24, the motion vector of the motion information candidate with index 0 registered in the candidate list after addition is mvL0_A for the image specified by ref0 before the enhancement image to be processed in the display order. . Also, the motion vector of the motion information candidate of index 1 is mvL1_B for the image specified by ref0 after the enhancement image to be processed in the display order. Furthermore, motion vectors of motion information candidates of index 2 are mvL0_A and mvL1_B.

As the motion information added to the candidate list, there is motion information including a 0 vector as a motion vector.

As described above, when the number of motion information candidates is smaller than 5, new motion information is added to the candidate list, so that the choices of optimal motion information candidates increase and the coding efficiency due to the small number of options. Can be prevented.

Also, since the number of indexes in the candidate list is fixed, the decoding device can generate the candidate list and extract the index from the motion coding information independently. On the other hand, when the number of indexes in the candidate list is not fixed, in order to extract an index from motion coding information, it is necessary to generate a candidate list before extraction and recognize a possible value as an index. is there.

FIG. 25 is a diagram showing a table in which an index is associated with a lossless encoding result of the index.

As shown in FIG. 25, the lossless encoding result of index 0 is 0, the lossless encoding result of index 1 is 10, and the lossless encoding result of index 2 is 110. Further, the lossless encoding result of index 3 is 1110, and the lossless encoding result of index 4 is 1111.

The processing in the encoding device 30 when encoding motion information by the merge method is that the adjacent block replaces the adjacent block in FIG. 22, the candidate list is generated as described above, and registered in the candidate list. Except for the point that the motion information candidate is selected as the motion information of the optimum condition and the point that no difference is generated as the motion encoding information, this is the same as the case of encoding by the AMVP method.

That is, in this case, the motion information of the prediction block to be processed is the same as the motion information candidate registered in the candidate list, and an index for identifying the motion information candidate is transmitted as motion coding information.

Also, the processing in the decoding device 160 when decoding motion information by the merge method includes the point that the adjacent block replaces the adjacent block in FIG. 22, the point that the candidate list is generated as described above, and the optimal motion information candidate. Is the same as in the case of encoding with the AMVP method, except that is the decoding result of the motion encoding information as it is.

That is, in this case, the motion coding information is decoded by specifying the optimum motion information candidate registered in the candidate list based on the index as the motion coding information.

In the first embodiment, the information indicating whether the encoding mode is the TextureBL mode or the Ref_idx mode is set in the VPS extension area, but is set in other parameter sets such as SPS and PPS. You may do it.

In the first embodiment, the number of layers is two, but the number of layers may be two or more.

Furthermore, in the first embodiment, the base image is encoded by the HEVC method, but may be encoded by the AVC method.

<Application to multi-view image point coding and multi-view image decoding>
The series of processes described above can be applied to multi-view image encoding / multi-view image decoding. FIG. 26 shows an example of the multi-view image encoding method.

26, the multi-viewpoint image includes a plurality of viewpoint images, and a predetermined one viewpoint image among the plurality of viewpoints is designated as the base view image. Each viewpoint image other than the base view image is treated as a non-base view image. When multi-viewpoint image encoding is performed by the Scalable function, a base view image is encoded as a base layer image, and a non-base view image is encoded as an enhancement image.

When performing multi-view image coding as shown in FIG. 26, the difference between quantization parameters can be taken in each view (same view):
(1) base-view:
(1-1) dQP (base view) = Current_CU_QP (base view)-LCU_QP (base view)
(1-2) dQP (base view) = Current_CU_QP (base view)-Previsous_CU_QP (base view)
(1-3) dQP (base view) = Current_CU_QP (base view)-Slice_QP (base view)
(2) non-base-view:
(2-1) dQP (non-base view) = Current_CU_QP (non-base view)-LCU_QP (non-base view)
(2-2) dQP (non-base view) = Current QP (non-base view)-Previsous QP (non-base view)
(2-3) dQP (non-base view) = Current_CU_QP (non-base view)-Slice_QP (non-base view)

When performing multi-view image coding, it is also possible to take quantization parameter differences in each view (different views):
(3) base-view / non-base view:
(3-1) dQP (inter-view) = Slice_QP (base view)-Slice_QP (non-base view)
(3-2) dQP (inter-view) = LCU_QP (base view)-LCU_QP (non-base view)
(4) non-base view / non-base view:
(4-1) dQP (inter-view) = Slice_QP (non-base view i) −Slice_QP (non-base view j)
(4-2) dQP (inter-view) = LCU_QP (non-base view i)-LCU_QP (non-base view j)

In this case, the above (1) to (4) can be used in combination. For example, in the non-base view, a method of obtaining a quantization parameter difference at the slice level between the base view and the non-base view (combining 3-1 and 2-3), between the base view and the non-base view The method of taking the difference of the quantization parameter at the LCU level (combining 3-2 and 2-1) can be considered. Thus, by applying the difference repeatedly, the encoding efficiency can be improved even when multi-viewpoint encoding is performed.

Similarly to the method described above, a flag for identifying whether or not there is a dQP whose value is not 0 can be set for each of the above dQPs.

<Other examples of encoding using the Scalable function>
FIG. 27 shows another example of encoding by the Scalable function.

As shown in FIG. 27, in the encoding by the Scalable function, the difference of the quantization parameter can be taken in each layer (same layer):
(1) base-layer:
(1-1) dQP (base layer) = Current_CU_QP (base layer)-LCU_QP (base layer)
(1-2) dQP (base layer) = Current_CU_QP (base layer)-Previsous_CU_QP (base layer)
(1-3) dQP (base layer) = Current_CU_QP (base layer)-Slice_QP (base layer)
(2) non-base-layer:
(2-1) dQP (non-base layer) = Current_CU_QP (non-base layer)-LCU_QP (non-base layer)
(2-2) dQP (non-base layer) = Current QP (non-base layer)-Previsous QP (non-base layer)
(2-3) dQP (non-base layer) = Current_CU_QP (non-base layer) −Slice_QP (non-base layer)

It is also possible to take quantization parameter differences in each layer (different layers):
(3) base-layer / non-base layer:
(3-1) dQP (inter-layer) = Slice_QP (base layer)-Slice_QP (non-base layer)
(3-2) dQP (inter-layer) = LCU_QP (base layer)-LCU_QP (non-base layer)
(4) non-base layer / non-base layer:
(4-1) dQP (inter-layer) = Slice_QP (non-base layer i) −Slice_QP (non-base layer j)
(4-2) dQP (inter-layer) = LCU_QP (non-base layer i)-LCU_QP (non-base layer j)

In this case, the above (1) to (4) can be used in combination. For example, in the non-base layer, a method of obtaining a difference in quantization parameter at the slice level between the base layer and the non-base layer (combining 3-1 and 2-3), between the base layer and the non-base layer The method of taking the difference of the quantization parameter at the LCU level (combining 3-2 and 2-1) can be considered. In this manner, by applying the difference repeatedly, the encoding efficiency can be improved even when hierarchical encoding is performed.

<Second Embodiment>
(Description of computer to which the present disclosure is applied)
The series of processes described above can be executed by hardware or can be executed by software. When a series of processing is executed by software, a program constituting the software is installed in the computer. Here, the computer includes, for example, a general-purpose personal computer capable of executing various functions by installing various programs by installing a computer incorporated in dedicated hardware.

FIG. 28 is a block diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a computer that executes the above-described series of processing by a program.

In the computer, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 601, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 602, and a RAM (Random Access Memory) 603 are connected to each other via a bus 604.

An input / output interface 605 is further connected to the bus 604. An input unit 606, an output unit 607, a storage unit 608, a communication unit 609, and a drive 610 are connected to the input / output interface 605.

The input unit 606 includes a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, and the like. The output unit 607 includes a display, a speaker, and the like. The storage unit 608 includes a hard disk, a nonvolatile memory, and the like. The communication unit 609 includes a network interface or the like. The drive 610 drives a removable medium 611 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, or a semiconductor memory.

In the computer configured as described above, the CPU 601 loads the program stored in the storage unit 608 to the RAM 603 via the input / output interface 605 and the bus 604 and executes the program, for example. Is performed.

The program executed by the computer (CPU 601) can be provided by being recorded on a removable medium 611 as a package medium, for example. The program can be provided via a wired or wireless transmission medium such as a local area network, the Internet, or digital satellite broadcasting.

In the computer, the program can be installed in the storage unit 608 via the input / output interface 605 by attaching the removable medium 611 to the drive 610. Further, the program can be received by the communication unit 609 via a wired or wireless transmission medium and installed in the storage unit 608. In addition, the program can be installed in the ROM 602 or the storage unit 608 in advance.

The program executed by the computer may be a program that is processed in time series in the order described in this specification, or in parallel or at a necessary timing such as when a call is made. It may be a program for processing.

<Third Embodiment>
(Example configuration of television device)
FIG. 29 illustrates a schematic configuration of a television device to which the present disclosure is applied. The television apparatus 900 includes an antenna 901, a tuner 902, a demultiplexer 903, a decoder 904, a video signal processing unit 905, a display unit 906, an audio signal processing unit 907, a speaker 908, and an external interface unit 909. Furthermore, the television apparatus 900 includes a control unit 910, a user interface unit 911, and the like.

The tuner 902 selects a desired channel from the broadcast wave signal received by the antenna 901, demodulates it, and outputs the obtained encoded bit stream to the demultiplexer 903.

The demultiplexer 903 extracts video and audio packets of the program to be viewed from the encoded bit stream, and outputs the extracted packet data to the decoder 904. Further, the demultiplexer 903 supplies a packet of data such as EPG (Electronic Program Guide) to the control unit 910. If scrambling is being performed, descrambling is performed by a demultiplexer or the like.

The decoder 904 performs packet decoding processing, and outputs video data generated by the decoding processing to the video signal processing unit 905 and audio data to the audio signal processing unit 907.

The video signal processing unit 905 performs noise removal, video processing according to user settings, and the like on the video data. The video signal processing unit 905 generates video data of a program to be displayed on the display unit 906, image data by processing based on an application supplied via a network, and the like. The video signal processing unit 905 generates video data for displaying a menu screen for selecting an item and the like, and superimposes the video data on the video data of the program. The video signal processing unit 905 generates a drive signal based on the video data generated in this way, and drives the display unit 906.

The display unit 906 drives a display device (for example, a liquid crystal display element or the like) based on a drive signal from the video signal processing unit 905 to display a program video or the like.

The audio signal processing unit 907 performs predetermined processing such as noise removal on the audio data, performs D / A conversion processing and amplification processing on the processed audio data, and outputs the audio data to the speaker 908.

The external interface unit 909 is an interface for connecting to an external device or a network, and transmits and receives data such as video data and audio data.

A user interface unit 911 is connected to the control unit 910. The user interface unit 911 includes an operation switch, a remote control signal receiving unit, and the like, and supplies an operation signal corresponding to a user operation to the control unit 910.

The control unit 910 is configured using a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a memory, and the like. The memory stores a program executed by the CPU, various data necessary for the CPU to perform processing, EPG data, data acquired via a network, and the like. The program stored in the memory is read and executed by the CPU at a predetermined timing such as when the television device 900 is activated. The CPU executes each program to control each unit so that the television device 900 operates in accordance with the user operation.

Note that the television device 900 includes a bus 912 for connecting the tuner 902, the demultiplexer 903, the video signal processing unit 905, the audio signal processing unit 907, the external interface unit 909, and the control unit 910.

In the thus configured television apparatus, the decoder 904 is provided with the function of the decoding apparatus (decoding method) of the present application. For this reason, it is possible to decode an encoded stream with improved encoding efficiency when referring to an image in another layer at the time of intra encoding of an image in a predetermined layer of an image having a hierarchical structure.

<Fourth embodiment>
(Configuration example of mobile phone)
FIG. 30 illustrates a schematic configuration of a mobile phone to which the present disclosure is applied. The cellular phone 920 includes a communication unit 922, an audio codec 923, a camera unit 926, an image processing unit 927, a demultiplexing unit 1628, a recording / reproducing unit 929, a display unit 930, and a control unit 931. These are connected to each other via a bus 933.

In addition, an antenna 921 is connected to the communication unit 922, and a speaker 924 and a microphone 925 are connected to the audio codec 923. Further, an operation unit 932 is connected to the control unit 931.

The mobile phone 920 performs various operations such as transmission / reception of voice signals, transmission / reception of e-mail and image data, image shooting, and data recording in various modes such as a voice call mode and a data communication mode.

In the voice call mode, the voice signal generated by the microphone 925 is converted into voice data and compressed by the voice codec 923 and supplied to the communication unit 922. The communication unit 922 performs audio data modulation processing, frequency conversion processing, and the like to generate a transmission signal. The communication unit 922 supplies a transmission signal to the antenna 921 and transmits it to a base station (not shown). In addition, the communication unit 922 performs amplification, frequency conversion processing, demodulation processing, and the like of the reception signal received by the antenna 921, and supplies the obtained audio data to the audio codec 923. The audio codec 923 performs data expansion of the audio data and conversion to an analog audio signal and outputs the result to the speaker 924.

In the data communication mode, when mail transmission is performed, the control unit 931 receives character data input by operating the operation unit 932 and displays the input characters on the display unit 930. In addition, the control unit 931 generates mail data based on a user instruction or the like in the operation unit 932 and supplies the mail data to the communication unit 922. The communication unit 922 performs mail data modulation processing, frequency conversion processing, and the like, and transmits the obtained transmission signal from the antenna 921. In addition, the communication unit 922 performs amplification, frequency conversion processing, demodulation processing, and the like of the reception signal received by the antenna 921, and restores mail data. This mail data is supplied to the display unit 930 to display the mail contents.

Note that the mobile phone 920 can also store the received mail data in a storage medium by the recording / playback unit 929. The storage medium is any rewritable storage medium. For example, the storage medium is a removable medium such as a semiconductor memory such as a RAM or a built-in flash memory, a hard disk, a magnetic disk, a magneto-optical disk, an optical disk, a USB memory, or a memory card.

When transmitting image data in the data communication mode, the image data generated by the camera unit 926 is supplied to the image processing unit 927. The image processing unit 927 performs encoding processing of image data and generates encoded data.

The demultiplexing unit 1628 multiplexes the encoded data generated by the image processing unit 927 and the audio data supplied from the audio codec 923 by a predetermined method and supplies the multiplexed data to the communication unit 922. The communication unit 922 performs modulation processing and frequency conversion processing of multiplexed data, and transmits the obtained transmission signal from the antenna 921. In addition, the communication unit 922 performs amplification, frequency conversion processing, demodulation processing, and the like of the reception signal received by the antenna 921, and restores multiplexed data. This multiplexed data is supplied to the demultiplexing unit 1628. The demultiplexing unit 1628 demultiplexes the multiplexed data, and supplies the encoded data to the image processing unit 927 and the audio data to the audio codec 923. The image processing unit 927 performs a decoding process on the encoded data to generate image data. The image data is supplied to the display unit 930 and the received image is displayed. The audio codec 923 converts the audio data into an analog audio signal, supplies the analog audio signal to the speaker 924, and outputs the received audio.

In the cellular phone device configured as described above, the image processing unit 927 is provided with the functions of the encoding device and the decoding device (encoding method and decoding method) of the present application. For this reason, it is possible to improve the encoding efficiency when referring to an image in another layer when intra-encoding an image in a predetermined layer of an image having a hierarchical structure. Also, it is possible to decode an encoded stream with improved encoding efficiency when referring to an image in another layer at the time of intra encoding of an image in a predetermined layer of an image having a hierarchical structure.

<Fifth embodiment>
(Configuration example of recording / reproducing apparatus)
FIG. 31 illustrates a schematic configuration of a recording / reproducing apparatus to which the present disclosure is applied. The recording / reproducing apparatus 940 records, for example, audio data and video data of a received broadcast program on a recording medium, and provides the recorded data to the user at a timing according to a user instruction. The recording / reproducing device 940 can also acquire audio data and video data from another device, for example, and record them on a recording medium. Further, the recording / reproducing apparatus 940 decodes and outputs the audio data and video data recorded on the recording medium, thereby enabling image display and audio output on the monitor apparatus or the like.

The recording / reproducing apparatus 940 includes a tuner 941, an external interface unit 942, an encoder 943, an HDD (Hard Disk Drive) unit 944, a disk drive 945, a selector 946, a decoder 947, an OSD (On-Screen Display) unit 948, a control unit 949, A user interface unit 950 is included.

Tuner 941 selects a desired channel from a broadcast signal received by an antenna (not shown). The tuner 941 outputs an encoded bit stream obtained by demodulating the received signal of a desired channel to the selector 946.

The external interface unit 942 includes at least one of an IEEE 1394 interface, a network interface unit, a USB interface, a flash memory interface, and the like. The external interface unit 942 is an interface for connecting to an external device, a network, a memory card, and the like, and receives data such as video data and audio data to be recorded.

The encoder 943 performs encoding by a predetermined method when the video data and audio data supplied from the external interface unit 942 are not encoded, and outputs an encoded bit stream to the selector 946.

The HDD unit 944 records content data such as video and audio, various programs, and other data on a built-in hard disk, and reads them from the hard disk during playback.

The disk drive 945 records and reproduces signals with respect to the mounted optical disk. An optical disk such as a DVD disk (DVD-Video, DVD-RAM, DVD-R, DVD-RW, DVD + R, DVD + RW, etc.), a Blu-ray (registered trademark) disk, or the like.

The selector 946 selects one of the encoded bit streams from the tuner 941 or the encoder 943 and supplies it to either the HDD unit 944 or the disk drive 945 when recording video or audio. Further, the selector 946 supplies the encoded bit stream output from the HDD unit 944 or the disk drive 945 to the decoder 947 at the time of reproduction of video and audio.

The decoder 947 performs a decoding process on the encoded bit stream. The decoder 947 supplies the video data generated by performing the decoding process to the OSD unit 948. The decoder 947 outputs audio data generated by performing the decoding process.

The OSD unit 948 generates video data for displaying a menu screen for selecting an item and the like, and superimposes it on the video data output from the decoder 947 and outputs the video data.

A user interface unit 950 is connected to the control unit 949. The user interface unit 950 includes an operation switch, a remote control signal receiving unit, and the like, and supplies an operation signal corresponding to a user operation to the control unit 949.

The control unit 949 is configured using a CPU, a memory, and the like. The memory stores programs executed by the CPU and various data necessary for the CPU to perform processing. The program stored in the memory is read and executed by the CPU at a predetermined timing such as when the recording / reproducing apparatus 940 is activated. The CPU executes the program to control each unit so that the recording / reproducing device 940 operates according to the user operation.

In the recording / reproducing apparatus configured as described above, the decoder 947 is provided with the function of the decoding apparatus (decoding method) of the present application. For this reason, it is possible to decode an encoded stream with improved encoding efficiency when referring to an image in another layer at the time of intra encoding of an image in a predetermined layer of an image having a hierarchical structure.

<Sixth embodiment>
(Configuration example of imaging device)
FIG. 32 illustrates a schematic configuration of an imaging apparatus to which the present disclosure is applied. The imaging device 960 images a subject, displays an image of the subject on a display unit, and records it on a recording medium as image data.

The imaging device 960 includes an optical block 961, an imaging unit 962, a camera signal processing unit 963, an image data processing unit 964, a display unit 965, an external interface unit 966, a memory unit 967, a media drive 968, an OSD unit 969, and a control unit 970. Have. In addition, a user interface unit 971 is connected to the control unit 970. Furthermore, the image data processing unit 964, the external interface unit 966, the memory unit 967, the media drive 968, the OSD unit 969, the control unit 970, and the like are connected via a bus 972.

The optical block 961 is configured using a focus lens, a diaphragm mechanism, and the like. The optical block 961 forms an optical image of the subject on the imaging surface of the imaging unit 962. The imaging unit 962 is configured using a CCD or CMOS image sensor, generates an electrical signal corresponding to the optical image by photoelectric conversion, and supplies the electrical signal to the camera signal processing unit 963.

The camera signal processing unit 963 performs various camera signal processing such as knee correction, gamma correction, and color correction on the electrical signal supplied from the imaging unit 962. The camera signal processing unit 963 supplies the image data after the camera signal processing to the image data processing unit 964.

The image data processing unit 964 performs an encoding process on the image data supplied from the camera signal processing unit 963. The image data processing unit 964 supplies the encoded data generated by performing the encoding process to the external interface unit 966 and the media drive 968. Further, the image data processing unit 964 performs a decoding process on the encoded data supplied from the external interface unit 966 and the media drive 968. The image data processing unit 964 supplies the image data generated by performing the decoding process to the display unit 965. Further, the image data processing unit 964 superimposes the processing for supplying the image data supplied from the camera signal processing unit 963 to the display unit 965 and the display data acquired from the OSD unit 969 on the image data. To supply.

The OSD unit 969 generates display data such as a menu screen and icons made up of symbols, characters, or figures and outputs them to the image data processing unit 964.

The external interface unit 966 includes, for example, a USB input / output terminal, and is connected to a printer when printing an image. In addition, a drive is connected to the external interface unit 966 as necessary, a removable medium such as a magnetic disk or an optical disk is appropriately mounted, and a computer program read from them is installed as necessary. Furthermore, the external interface unit 966 has a network interface connected to a predetermined network such as a LAN or the Internet. For example, the control unit 970 reads the encoded data from the media drive 968 in accordance with an instruction from the user interface unit 971, and supplies the encoded data to the other device connected via the network from the external interface unit 966. it can. Also, the control unit 970 may acquire encoded data and image data supplied from another device via the network via the external interface unit 966 and supply the acquired data to the image data processing unit 964. it can.

As the recording medium driven by the media drive 968, any readable / writable removable medium such as a magnetic disk, a magneto-optical disk, an optical disk, or a semiconductor memory is used. The recording medium may be any type of removable medium, and may be a tape device, a disk, or a memory card. Of course, a non-contact IC (Integrated Circuit) card may be used.

Further, the media drive 968 and the recording medium may be integrated and configured by a non-portable storage medium such as a built-in hard disk drive or an SSD (Solid State Drive).

The control unit 970 is configured using a CPU. The memory unit 967 stores a program executed by the control unit 970, various data necessary for the control unit 970 to perform processing, and the like. The program stored in the memory unit 967 is read and executed by the control unit 970 at a predetermined timing such as when the imaging device 960 is activated. The control unit 970 controls each unit so that the imaging device 960 performs an operation according to a user operation by executing a program.

In the imaging apparatus configured as described above, the image data processing unit 964 is provided with the functions of the encoding apparatus and decoding apparatus (encoding method and decoding method) of the present application. For this reason, it is possible to improve the encoding efficiency when an image in another layer is referred to when intra-encoding an image in a predetermined layer of an image having a hierarchical structure. Also, it is possible to decode an encoded stream with improved encoding efficiency when referring to an image in another layer at the time of intra encoding of an image in a predetermined layer of an image having a hierarchical structure.

<Application example of scalable coding>
(First system)
Next, a specific use example of scalable encoded data that has been subjected to scalable encoding (hierarchical encoding), which is encoding by a scalable function, will be described. Scalable encoding is used for selection of data to be transmitted, as in the example shown in FIG. 33, for example.

In the data transmission system 1000 shown in FIG. 33, the distribution server 1002 reads the scalable encoded data stored in the scalable encoded data storage unit 1001, and via the network 1003, the personal computer 1004, the AV device 1005, the tablet This is distributed to the terminal device such as the device 1006 and the mobile phone 1007.

At this time, the distribution server 1002 selects and transmits encoded data of appropriate quality according to the capability of the terminal device, the communication environment, and the like. Even if the distribution server 1002 transmits unnecessarily high-quality data, the terminal device does not always obtain a high-quality image, and may cause a delay or an overflow. Moreover, there is a possibility that the communication band is unnecessarily occupied or the load on the terminal device is unnecessarily increased. On the other hand, even if the distribution server 1002 transmits unnecessarily low quality data, there is a possibility that an image with sufficient image quality cannot be obtained in the terminal device. Therefore, the distribution server 1002 appropriately reads and transmits the scalable encoded data stored in the scalable encoded data storage unit 1001 as encoded data having an appropriate quality with respect to the capability and communication environment of the terminal device. .

For example, it is assumed that the scalable encoded data storage unit 1001 stores scalable encoded data (BL + EL) 1011 encoded in a scalable manner. The scalable encoded data (BL + EL) 1011 is encoded data including both a base layer and an enhancement layer, and is a data that can be decoded to obtain both a base layer image and an enhancement layer image. It is.

The distribution server 1002 selects an appropriate layer according to the capability of the terminal device that transmits data, the communication environment, and the like, and reads the data of the layer. For example, the distribution server 1002 reads high-quality scalable encoded data (BL + EL) 1011 from the scalable encoded data storage unit 1001 and transmits it to the personal computer 1004 and the tablet device 1006 with high processing capability as they are. . On the other hand, for example, the distribution server 1002 extracts base layer data from the scalable encoded data (BL + EL) 1011 for the AV device 1005 and the cellular phone 1007 having a low processing capability, and performs scalable encoding. Although it is data of the same content as the data (BL + EL) 1011, it is transmitted as scalable encoded data (BL) 1012 having a lower quality than the scalable encoded data (BL + EL) 1011.

By using scalable encoded data in this way, the amount of data can be easily adjusted, so that the occurrence of delay and overflow can be suppressed, and the unnecessary increase in the load on the terminal device and communication medium can be suppressed. be able to. In addition, since scalable encoded data (BL + EL) 1011 has reduced redundancy between layers, the amount of data can be reduced as compared with the case where encoded data of each layer is used as individual data. . Therefore, the storage area of the scalable encoded data storage unit 1001 can be used more efficiently.

Note that since various devices can be applied to the terminal device, such as the personal computer 1004 to the cellular phone 1007, the hardware performance of the terminal device varies depending on the device. Moreover, since the application which a terminal device performs is also various, the capability of the software is also various. Furthermore, the network 1003 serving as a communication medium can be applied to any communication network including wired, wireless, or both, such as the Internet and a LAN (Local Area Network), and has various data transmission capabilities. Furthermore, there is a risk of change due to other communications.

Therefore, the distribution server 1002 communicates with the terminal device that is the data transmission destination before starting data transmission, and the hardware performance of the terminal device, the performance of the application (software) executed by the terminal device, etc. Information regarding the capability of the terminal device and information regarding the communication environment such as the available bandwidth of the network 1003 may be obtained. The distribution server 1002 may select an appropriate layer based on the information obtained here.

Note that the layer extraction may be performed by the terminal device. For example, the personal computer 1004 may decode the transmitted scalable encoded data (BL + EL) 1011 and display a base layer image or an enhancement layer image. Further, for example, the personal computer 1004 extracts the base layer scalable encoded data (BL) 1012 from the transmitted scalable encoded data (BL + EL) 1011 and stores it or transfers it to another device. The base layer image may be displayed after decoding.

Of course, the numbers of the scalable encoded data storage unit 1001, the distribution server 1002, the network 1003, and the terminal devices are arbitrary. In the above, the example in which the distribution server 1002 transmits data to the terminal device has been described, but the usage example is not limited to this. The data transmission system 1000 may be any system as long as it transmits a scalable encoded data to a terminal device by selecting an appropriate layer according to the capability of the terminal device or a communication environment. Can be applied to the system.

(Second system)
Further, scalable coding is used for transmission via a plurality of communication media as in the example shown in FIG. 34, for example.

34, a broadcasting station 1101 transmits base layer scalable encoded data (BL) 1121 by terrestrial broadcasting 1111. In the data transmission system 1100 shown in FIG. Also, the broadcast station 1101 transmits enhancement layer scalable encoded data (EL) 1122 via an arbitrary network 1112 including a wired or wireless communication network or both (for example, packetized transmission).

The terminal apparatus 1102 has a reception function of the terrestrial broadcast 1111 broadcast by the broadcast station 1101 and receives base layer scalable encoded data (BL) 1121 transmitted via the terrestrial broadcast 1111. The terminal apparatus 1102 further has a communication function for performing communication via the network 1112, and receives enhancement layer scalable encoded data (EL) 1122 transmitted via the network 1112.

The terminal device 1102 decodes the base layer scalable encoded data (BL) 1121 acquired via the terrestrial broadcast 1111 according to, for example, a user instruction, and obtains or stores a base layer image. Or transmit to other devices.

Also, the terminal device 1102, for example, in response to a user instruction, the base layer scalable encoded data (BL) 1121 acquired via the terrestrial broadcast 1111 and the enhancement layer scalable encoded acquired via the network 1112 Data (EL) 1122 is combined to obtain scalable encoded data (BL + EL), or decoded to obtain an enhancement layer image, stored, or transmitted to another device.

As described above, the scalable encoded data can be transmitted via a communication medium that is different for each layer, for example. Therefore, the load can be distributed, and the occurrence of delay and overflow can be suppressed.

Also, depending on the situation, the communication medium used for transmission may be selected for each layer. For example, scalable encoded data (BL) 1121 of a base layer having a relatively large amount of data is transmitted via a communication medium having a wide bandwidth, and scalable encoded data (EL) 1122 having a relatively small amount of data is transmitted. You may make it transmit via a communication medium with a narrow bandwidth. Further, for example, the communication medium for transmitting the enhancement layer scalable encoded data (EL) 1122 is switched between the network 1112 and the terrestrial broadcast 1111 according to the available bandwidth of the network 1112. May be. Of course, the same applies to data of an arbitrary layer.

By controlling in this way, an increase in load in data transmission can be further suppressed.

Of course, the number of layers is arbitrary, and the number of communication media used for transmission is also arbitrary. In addition, the number of terminal devices 1102 serving as data distribution destinations is also arbitrary. Furthermore, in the above description, broadcasting from the broadcasting station 1101 has been described as an example, but the usage example is not limited to this. The data transmission system 1100 can be applied to any system as long as it is a system that divides scalable encoded data into a plurality of layers and transmits them through a plurality of lines.

(Third system)
Further, scalable encoding is used for storing encoded data as in the example shown in FIG. 35, for example.

In the imaging system 1200 illustrated in FIG. 35, the imaging device 1201 performs scalable coding on image data obtained by imaging the subject 1211, and as scalable coded data (BL + EL) 1221, a scalable coded data storage device 1202. To supply.

The scalable encoded data storage device 1202 stores the scalable encoded data (BL + EL) 1221 supplied from the imaging device 1201 with quality according to the situation. For example, in the normal case, the scalable encoded data storage device 1202 extracts base layer data from the scalable encoded data (BL + EL) 1221, and the base layer scalable encoded data ( BL) 1222. On the other hand, for example, in the case of attention, the scalable encoded data storage device 1202 stores scalable encoded data (BL + EL) 1221 with high quality and a large amount of data.

By doing so, the scalable encoded data storage device 1202 can store an image with high image quality only when necessary, so that an increase in the amount of data can be achieved while suppressing a reduction in the value of the image due to image quality degradation. And the use efficiency of the storage area can be improved.

For example, assume that the imaging device 1201 is a surveillance camera. When the monitoring target (for example, an intruder) is not shown in the captured image (in the normal case), the content of the captured image is likely to be unimportant, so reduction of the data amount is given priority, and the image data (scalable coding) Data) is stored in low quality. On the other hand, when the monitoring target appears in the captured image as the subject 1211 (at the time of attention), since the content of the captured image is likely to be important, the image quality is given priority and the image data (scalable) (Encoded data) is stored with high quality.

Note that whether it is normal time or attention time may be determined by the scalable encoded data storage device 1202 analyzing an image, for example. Alternatively, the imaging apparatus 1201 may make a determination, and the determination result may be transmitted to the scalable encoded data storage device 1202.

It should be noted that the criterion for determining whether the time is normal or noting is arbitrary, and the content of the image as the criterion is arbitrary. Of course, conditions other than the contents of the image can also be used as the criterion. For example, it may be switched according to the volume or waveform of the recorded sound, may be switched at every predetermined time, or may be switched by an external instruction such as a user instruction.

In the above, an example of switching between the normal state and the attention state has been described. However, the number of states is arbitrary, for example, normal, slightly attention, attention, very attention, etc. Alternatively, three or more states may be switched. However, the upper limit number of states to be switched depends on the number of layers of scalable encoded data.

Also, the imaging apparatus 1201 may determine the number of layers for scalable coding according to the state. For example, in a normal case, the imaging apparatus 1201 may generate base layer scalable encoded data (BL) 1222 with low quality and a small amount of data, and supply the scalable encoded data storage apparatus 1202 to the scalable encoded data storage apparatus 1202. For example, when attention is paid, the imaging device 1201 generates scalable encoded data (BL + EL) 1221 having a high quality and a large amount of data, and supplies the scalable encoded data storage device 1202 to the scalable encoded data storage device 1202. May be.

In the above, the monitoring camera has been described as an example. However, the use of the imaging system 1200 is arbitrary and is not limited to the monitoring camera.

<Seventh embodiment>
(Other examples of implementation)
In the above, examples of devices and systems to which the present technology is applied have been described. However, the present technology is not limited thereto, and any configuration mounted on such devices or devices constituting the system, for example, a system LSI (Large Scale) Integration) etc., a module using a plurality of processors, etc., a unit using a plurality of modules, etc., a set in which other functions are added to the unit, etc. (that is, a partial configuration of the apparatus) .

(Video set configuration example)
An example in which the present technology is implemented as a set will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 36 illustrates an example of a schematic configuration of a video set to which the present technology is applied.

In recent years, multi-functionalization of electronic devices has progressed, and in the development and manufacture, when implementing a part of the configuration as sales or provision, etc., not only when implementing as a configuration having one function, but also related In many cases, a plurality of configurations having functions are combined and implemented as a set having a plurality of functions.

The video set 1300 shown in FIG. 36 has such a multi-functional configuration, and a device having a function relating to image encoding and decoding (either or both of them) can be used for the function. It is a combination of devices having other related functions.

As shown in FIG. 36, the video set 1300 includes a module group such as a video module 1311, an external memory 1312, a power management module 1313, and a front-end module 1314, and an associated module 1321, a camera 1322, a sensor 1323, and the like. And a device having a function.

A module is a component that has several functions that are related to each other and that has a coherent function. The specific physical configuration is arbitrary. For example, a plurality of processors each having a function, electronic circuit elements such as resistors and capacitors, and other devices arranged on a wiring board or the like can be considered. . It is also possible to combine the module with another module, a processor, or the like to form a new module.

36, the video module 1311 is a combination of configurations having functions related to image processing, and includes an application processor, a video processor, a broadband modem 1333, and an RF module 1334.

A processor is a configuration in which a configuration having a predetermined function is integrated on a semiconductor chip by a SoC (System On a Chip), and for example, there is a system LSI (Large Scale Integration). The configuration having the predetermined function may be a logic circuit (hardware configuration), a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like, and a program (software configuration) executed using them. , Or a combination of both. For example, a processor has a logic circuit and a CPU, ROM, RAM, etc., a part of the function is realized by a logic circuit (hardware configuration), and other functions are executed by the CPU (software configuration) It may be realized by.

The application processor 1331 in FIG. 36 is a processor that executes an application relating to image processing. The application executed in the application processor 1331 not only performs arithmetic processing to realize a predetermined function, but also can control the internal and external configurations of the video module 1311 such as the video processor 1332 as necessary. .

The video processor 1332 is a processor having a function related to image encoding / decoding (one or both of them).

The broadband modem 1333 is a processor (or module) that performs processing related to wired or wireless (or both) broadband communication performed via a broadband line such as the Internet or a public telephone line network. For example, the broadband modem 1333 digitally modulates data to be transmitted (digital signal) to convert it into an analog signal, or demodulates the received analog signal to convert it into data (digital signal). For example, the broadband modem 1333 can digitally modulate and demodulate arbitrary information such as image data processed by the video processor 1332, a stream obtained by encoding the image data, an application program, setting data, and the like.

The RF module 1334 is a module that performs frequency conversion, modulation / demodulation, amplification, filter processing, and the like on an RF (Radio RF Frequency) signal transmitted and received via an antenna. For example, the RF module 1334 generates an RF signal by performing frequency conversion or the like on the baseband signal generated by the broadband modem 1333. Further, for example, the RF module 1334 generates a baseband signal by performing frequency conversion or the like on the RF signal received via the front end module 1314.

Note that, as indicated by a dotted line 1341 in FIG. 36, the application processor 1331 and the video processor 1332 may be integrated into a single processor.

The external memory 1312 is a module having a storage device that is provided outside the video module 1311 and is used by the video module 1311. The storage device of the external memory 1312 may be realized by any physical configuration, but is generally used for storing a large amount of data such as image data in units of frames. For example, it is desirable to realize it with a relatively inexpensive and large-capacity semiconductor memory such as DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory).

The power management module 1313 manages and controls power supply to the video module 1311 (each component in the video module 1311).

The front end module 1314 is a module that provides the RF module 1334 with a front end function (a circuit on a transmitting / receiving end on the antenna side). As illustrated in FIG. 36, the front end module 1314 includes, for example, an antenna unit 1351, a filter 1352, and an amplification unit 1353.

Antenna unit 1351 has an antenna for transmitting and receiving a radio signal and its peripheral configuration. The antenna unit 1351 transmits the signal supplied from the amplification unit 1353 as a radio signal, and supplies the received radio signal to the filter 1352 as an electric signal (RF signal). The filter 1352 performs a filtering process on the RF signal received via the antenna unit 1351 and supplies the processed RF signal to the RF module 1334. The amplifying unit 1353 amplifies the RF signal supplied from the RF module 1334 and supplies the amplified RF signal to the antenna unit 1351.

Connectivity 1321 is a module having a function related to connection with the outside. The physical configuration of the connectivity 1321 is arbitrary. For example, the connectivity 1321 has a configuration having a communication function other than the communication standard supported by the broadband modem 1333, an external input / output terminal, and the like.

For example, the communication 1321 is compliant with wireless communication standards such as Bluetooth (registered trademark), IEEE 802.11 (for example, Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity, registered trademark)), NFC (Near Field Communication), IrDA (InfraRed Data Association), etc. You may make it have a module which has a function, an antenna etc. which transmit / receive the signal based on the standard. Further, for example, the connectivity 1321 has a module having a communication function compliant with a wired communication standard such as USB (Universal Serial Bus), HDMI (registered trademark) (High-Definition Multimedia Interface), or a terminal compliant with the standard. You may do it. Further, for example, the connectivity 1321 may have other data (signal) transmission functions such as analog input / output terminals.

It should be noted that the connectivity 1321 may include a data (signal) transmission destination device. For example, the drive 1321 reads and writes data to and from a recording medium such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, or a semiconductor memory (not only a removable medium drive, but also a hard disk, SSD (Solid State Drive) NAS (including Network Attached Storage) and the like. In addition, the connectivity 1321 may include an image or audio output device (a monitor, a speaker, or the like).

The eyelid camera 1322 is a module having a function of capturing an image of a subject and obtaining image data of the subject. Image data obtained by imaging by the camera 1322 is supplied to, for example, a video processor 1332 and encoded.

The sensor 1323 includes, for example, a voice sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an optical sensor, an illuminance sensor, an infrared sensor, an image sensor, a rotation sensor, an angle sensor, an angular velocity sensor, a velocity sensor, an acceleration sensor, an inclination sensor, a magnetic identification sensor, an impact sensor, It is a module having an arbitrary sensor function such as a temperature sensor. For example, the data detected by the sensor 1323 is supplied to the application processor 1331 and used by an application or the like.

The configuration described above as a module may be realized as a processor, or conversely, the configuration described as a processor may be realized as a module.

In the video set 1300 configured as described above, the present technology can be applied to the video processor 1332 as described later. Therefore, the video set 1300 can be implemented as a set to which the present technology is applied.

(Video processor configuration example)
FIG. 37 shows an example of a schematic configuration of a video processor 1332 (FIG. 36) to which the present technology is applied.

In the case of the example of FIG. 37, the video processor 1332 receives the video signal and the audio signal, encodes them in a predetermined method, decodes the encoded video data and audio data, A function of reproducing and outputting an audio signal.

As shown in FIG. 37, the video processor 1332 includes a video input processing unit 1401, a first image enlargement / reduction unit 1402, a second image enlargement / reduction unit 1403, a video output processing unit 1404, a frame memory 1405, and a memory control unit 1406. Have The video processor 1332 includes an encoding / decoding engine 1407, video ES (ElementaryElementStream) buffers 1408A and 1408B, and audio ES buffers 1409A and 1409B. Further, the video processor 1332 includes an audio encoder 1410, an audio decoder 1411, a multiplexing unit (MUX (Multiplexer)) 1412, a demultiplexing unit (DMUX (Demultiplexer)) 1413, and a stream buffer 1414.

The video input processing unit 1401 acquires a video signal input from, for example, the connectivity 1321 (FIG. 36) and converts it into digital image data. The first image enlargement / reduction unit 1402 performs format conversion, image enlargement / reduction processing, and the like on the image data. The second image enlargement / reduction unit 1403 performs image enlargement / reduction processing on the image data in accordance with the format of the output destination via the video output processing unit 1404, or is the same as the first image enlargement / reduction unit 1402. Format conversion and image enlargement / reduction processing. The video output processing unit 1404 performs format conversion, conversion to an analog signal, and the like on the image data, and outputs the reproduced video signal to, for example, the connectivity 1321 (FIG. 36).

The frame memory 1405 is a memory for image data shared by the video input processing unit 1401, the first image scaling unit 1402, the second image scaling unit 1403, the video output processing unit 1404, and the encoding / decoding engine 1407. . The frame memory 1405 is realized as a semiconductor memory such as a DRAM, for example.

The memory control unit 1406 receives the synchronization signal from the encoding / decoding engine 1407, and controls the writing / reading access to the frame memory 1405 according to the access schedule to the frame memory 1405 written in the access management table 1406A. The access management table 1406A is updated by the memory control unit 1406 in accordance with processing executed by the encoding / decoding engine 1407, the first image enlargement / reduction unit 1402, the second image enlargement / reduction unit 1403, and the like.

The encoding / decoding engine 1407 performs encoding processing of image data and decoding processing of a video stream that is data obtained by encoding the image data. For example, the encoding / decoding engine 1407 encodes the image data read from the frame memory 1405 and sequentially writes the data as a video stream in the video ES buffer 1408A. Further, for example, the video stream is sequentially read from the video ES buffer 1408B, decoded, and sequentially written in the frame memory 1405 as image data. The encoding / decoding engine 1407 uses the frame memory 1405 as a work area in the encoding and decoding. Also, the encoding / decoding engine 1407 outputs a synchronization signal to the memory control unit 1406, for example, at a timing at which processing for each macroblock is started.

The video ES buffer 1408A buffers the video stream generated by the encoding / decoding engine 1407 and supplies the buffered video stream to the multiplexing unit (MUX) 1412. The video ES buffer 1408B buffers the video stream supplied from the demultiplexer (DMUX) 1413 and supplies the buffered video stream to the encoding / decoding engine 1407.

The audio ES buffer 1409A buffers the audio stream generated by the audio encoder 1410 and supplies the buffered audio stream to the multiplexing unit (MUX) 1412. The audio ES buffer 1409B buffers the audio stream supplied from the demultiplexer (DMUX) 1413 and supplies the buffered audio stream to the audio decoder 1411.

The audio encoder 1410 converts, for example, an audio signal input from the connectivity 1321 (FIG. 36), for example, into a digital format, and encodes the audio signal using a predetermined method such as the MPEG audio method or the AC3 (Audio Code number 3) method. The audio encoder 1410 sequentially writes an audio stream, which is data obtained by encoding an audio signal, in the audio ES buffer 1409A. The audio decoder 1411 decodes the audio stream supplied from the audio ES buffer 1409B, performs conversion to an analog signal, for example, and supplies the reproduced audio signal to, for example, the connectivity 1321 (FIG. 36).

Multiplexer (MUX) 1412 multiplexes the video stream and the audio stream. The multiplexing method (that is, the format of the bit stream generated by multiplexing) is arbitrary. At the time of this multiplexing, the multiplexing unit (MUX) 1412 can also add predetermined header information or the like to the bit stream. That is, the multiplexing unit (MUX) 1412 can convert the stream format by multiplexing. For example, the multiplexing unit (MUX) 1412 multiplexes the video stream and the audio stream to convert it into a transport stream that is a bit stream in a transfer format. Further, for example, the multiplexing unit (MUX) 1412 multiplexes the video stream and the audio stream, thereby converting the data into file format data (file data) for recording.

The demultiplexing unit (DMUX) 1413 demultiplexes the bit stream in which the video stream and the audio stream are multiplexed by a method corresponding to the multiplexing by the multiplexing unit (MUX) 1412. That is, the demultiplexer (DMUX) 1413 extracts the video stream and the audio stream from the bit stream read from the stream buffer 1414 (separates the video stream and the audio stream). That is, the demultiplexer (DMUX) 1413 can convert the stream format by demultiplexing (inverse conversion of the conversion by the multiplexer (MUX) 1412). For example, the demultiplexing unit (DMUX) 1413 obtains the transport stream supplied from, for example, the connectivity 1321 and the broadband modem 1333 (both in FIG. 36) via the stream buffer 1414 and demultiplexes the transport stream. Can be converted into a video stream and an audio stream. Further, for example, the demultiplexer (DMUX) 1413 obtains the file data read from various recording media by the connectivity 1321 (FIG. 36) via the stream buffer 1414, and demultiplexes the file data, for example. It can be converted into a video stream and an audio stream.

The stream buffer 1414 buffers the bit stream. For example, the stream buffer 1414 buffers the transport stream supplied from the multiplexing unit (MUX) 1412 and, for example, at the predetermined timing or based on a request from the outside, for example, the connectivity 1321 or the broadband modem 1333 (whichever Are also supplied to FIG.

Further, for example, the stream buffer 1414 buffers the file data supplied from the multiplexing unit (MUX) 1412 and, for example, connectivity 1321 (FIG. 36) or the like at a predetermined timing or based on an external request or the like. To be recorded on various recording media.

Further, the stream buffer 1414 buffers the transport stream acquired through, for example, the connectivity 1321 and the broadband modem 1333 (both of which are shown in FIG. 36), and performs reverse processing at a predetermined timing or based on an external request or the like. The data is supplied to a multiplexing unit (DMUX) 1413.

Further, the stream buffer 1414 buffers file data read from various recording media in the connectivity 1321 (FIG. 36), for example, and at a predetermined timing or based on an external request or the like, a demultiplexing unit (DMUX) 1413.

Next, an example of the operation of the video processor 1332 having such a configuration will be described. For example, a video signal input to the video processor 1332 from the connectivity 1321 (FIG. 36) or the like is converted into digital image data of a predetermined format such as 4: 2: 2Y / Cb / Cr format by the video input processing unit 1401. The data is sequentially written into the frame memory 1405. This digital image data is read by the first image enlargement / reduction unit 1402 or the second image enlargement / reduction unit 1403, and format conversion to a predetermined method such as 4: 2: 0Y / Cb / Cr method and enlargement / reduction processing are performed. Is written again in the frame memory 1405. This image data is encoded by the encoding / decoding engine 1407 and written as a video stream in the video ES buffer 1408A.

In addition, an audio signal input to the video processor 1332 from the connectivity 1321 (FIG. 36) or the like is encoded by the audio encoder 1410 and written as an audio stream in the audio ES buffer 1409A.

The video stream of the video ES buffer 1408A and the audio stream of the audio ES buffer 1409A are read and multiplexed by the multiplexing unit (MUX) 1412 and converted into a transport stream or file data. The transport stream generated by the multiplexing unit (MUX) 1412 is buffered in the stream buffer 1414 and then output to the external network via, for example, the connectivity 1321 and the broadband modem 1333 (both of which are shown in FIG. 36). Further, the file data generated by the multiplexing unit (MUX) 1412 is buffered in the stream buffer 1414, and then output to, for example, the connectivity 1321 (FIG. 36) and recorded on various recording media.

Further, for example, a transport stream input from an external network to the video processor 1332 via the connectivity 1321 or the broadband modem 1333 (both in FIG. 36) is buffered in the stream buffer 1414 and then demultiplexed (DMUX) 1413 is demultiplexed. For example, file data read from various recording media in the connectivity 1321 (FIG. 36) and input to the video processor 1332 is buffered in the stream buffer 1414 and then demultiplexed by the demultiplexer (DMUX) 1413. It becomes. That is, the transport stream or file data input to the video processor 1332 is separated into a video stream and an audio stream by the demultiplexer (DMUX) 1413.

The audio stream is supplied to the audio decoder 1411 via the audio ES buffer 1409B and decoded to reproduce the audio signal. The video stream is written to the video ES buffer 1408B, and then sequentially read and decoded by the encoding / decoding engine 1407, and written to the frame memory 1405. The decoded image data is enlarged / reduced by the second image enlargement / reduction unit 1403 and written to the frame memory 1405. The decoded image data is read out to the video output processing unit 1404, format-converted to a predetermined system such as 4: 2: 2Y / Cb / Cr system, and further converted into an analog signal to be converted into a video signal. Is played out.

場合 When the present technology is applied to the video processor 1332 configured as described above, the present technology according to each embodiment described above may be applied to the encoding / decoding engine 1407. That is, for example, the encoding / decoding engine 1407 may have the functions of the encoding device 30 and the decoding device 160. In this way, the video processor 1332 can obtain the same effects as those described above with reference to FIGS.

In the encoding / decoding engine 1407, the present technology (that is, the functions of the image encoding device and the image decoding device according to each embodiment described above) may be realized by hardware such as a logic circuit. It may be realized by software such as an embedded program, or may be realized by both of them.

(Another configuration example of the video processor)
FIG. 38 illustrates another example of a schematic configuration of the video processor 1332 (FIG. 36) to which the present technology is applied. In the case of the example of FIG. 38, the video processor 1332 has a function of encoding and decoding video data by a predetermined method.

More specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 38, the video processor 1332 includes a control unit 1511, a display interface 1512, a display engine 1513, an image processing engine 1514, and an internal memory 1515. The video processor 1332 includes a codec engine 1516, a memory interface 1517, a multiplexing / demultiplexing unit (MUX DMUX) 1518, a network interface 1519, and a video interface 1520.

The eyelid control unit 1511 controls the operation of each processing unit in the video processor 1332 such as the display interface 1512, the display engine 1513, the image processing engine 1514, and the codec engine 1516.

As shown in FIG. 38, the control unit 1511 includes, for example, a main CPU 1531, a sub CPU 1532, and a system controller 1533. The main CPU 1531 executes a program and the like for controlling the operation of each processing unit in the video processor 1332. The main CPU 1531 generates a control signal according to the program and supplies it to each processing unit (that is, controls the operation of each processing unit). The sub CPU 1532 plays an auxiliary role of the main CPU 1531. For example, the sub CPU 1532 executes a child process such as a program executed by the main CPU 1531, a subroutine, or the like. The system controller 1533 controls operations of the main CPU 1531 and the sub CPU 1532 such as designating a program to be executed by the main CPU 1531 and the sub CPU 1532.

The display interface 1512 outputs image data to, for example, the connectivity 1321 (FIG. 36) or the like under the control of the control unit 1511. For example, the display interface 1512 converts the digital data image data into an analog signal, and outputs it to the monitor device of the connectivity 1321 (FIG. 36) or the like as a reproduced video signal or as the digital data image data.

Under the control of the control unit 1511, the display engine 1513 performs various conversion processes such as format conversion, size conversion, color gamut conversion, and the like so as to match the image data with hardware specifications such as a monitor device that displays the image. I do.

The eyelid image processing engine 1514 performs predetermined image processing such as filter processing for improving image quality on the image data under the control of the control unit 1511.

The internal memory 1515 is a memory provided inside the video processor 1332 that is shared by the display engine 1513, the image processing engine 1514, and the codec engine 1516. The internal memory 1515 is used, for example, for data exchange performed between the display engine 1513, the image processing engine 1514, and the codec engine 1516. For example, the internal memory 1515 stores data supplied from the display engine 1513, the image processing engine 1514, or the codec engine 1516, and stores the data as needed (eg, upon request). This is supplied to the image processing engine 1514 or the codec engine 1516. The internal memory 1515 may be realized by any storage device, but is generally used for storing a small amount of data such as image data or parameters in units of blocks. It is desirable to realize a semiconductor memory having a relatively small capacity but a high response speed (for example, as compared with the external memory 1312) such as “Static Random Access Memory”.

The codec engine 1516 performs processing related to encoding and decoding of image data. The encoding / decoding scheme supported by the codec engine 1516 is arbitrary, and the number thereof may be one or plural. For example, the codec engine 1516 may be provided with codec functions of a plurality of encoding / decoding schemes, and may be configured to perform encoding of image data or decoding of encoded data using one selected from them.

In the example shown in FIG. 38, the codec engine 1516 includes, for example, MPEG-2 video 1541, AVC / H.2641542, HEVC / H.2651543, HEVC / H.265 (Scalable) 1544, as function blocks for processing related to the codec. HEVC / H.265 (Multi-view) 1545 and MPEG-DASH 1551 are included.

“MPEG-2” Video 1541 is a functional block that encodes and decodes image data in the MPEG-2 format. AVC / H.2641542 is a functional block that encodes and decodes image data using the AVC method. HEVC / H.2651543 is a functional block that encodes and decodes image data using the HEVC method. HEVC / H.265 (Scalable) 1544 is a functional block that performs scalable encoding and scalable decoding of image data using the HEVC method. HEVC / H.265 (Multi-view) 1545 is a functional block that multi-view encodes or multi-view decodes image data using the HEVC method.

“MPEG-DASH 1551” is a functional block that transmits and receives image data in the MPEG-DASH (MPEG-Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP) method. MPEG-DASH is a technology for streaming video using HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol), and selects and transmits appropriate data from multiple encoded data with different resolutions prepared in advance in segments. This is one of the features. MPEG-DASH 1551 generates a stream compliant with the standard, controls transmission of the stream, and the like. For encoding / decoding of image data, MPEG-2 Video 1541 to HEVC / H.265 (Multi-view) 1545 described above are used. Is used.

The memory interface 1517 is an interface for the external memory 1312. Data supplied from the image processing engine 1514 or the codec engine 1516 is supplied to the external memory 1312 via the memory interface 1517. The data read from the external memory 1312 is supplied to the video processor 1332 (the image processing engine 1514 or the codec engine 1516) via the memory interface 1517.

A multiplexing / demultiplexing unit (MUX DMUX) 1518 multiplexes and demultiplexes various data related to images such as a bit stream of encoded data, image data, and a video signal. This multiplexing / demultiplexing method is arbitrary. For example, at the time of multiplexing, the multiplexing / demultiplexing unit (MUX DMUX) 1518 can not only combine a plurality of data into one but also add predetermined header information or the like to the data. Further, in the demultiplexing, the multiplexing / demultiplexing unit (MUX DMUX) 1518 not only divides one data into a plurality of data but also adds predetermined header information or the like to each divided data. it can. That is, the multiplexing / demultiplexing unit (MUX DMUX) 1518 can convert the data format by multiplexing / demultiplexing. For example, the multiplexing / demultiplexing unit (MUX DMUX) 1518 multiplexes the bitstream, thereby transporting the transport stream, which is a bit stream in a transfer format, or data in a file format for recording (file data). Can be converted to Of course, the inverse transformation is also possible by demultiplexing.

The network interface 1519 is an interface for, for example, a broadband modem 1333 and connectivity 1321 (both are FIG. 36). The video interface 1520 is an interface for, for example, the connectivity 1321 and the camera 1322 (both are FIG. 36).

Next, an example of the operation of the video processor 1332 will be described. For example, when a transport stream is received from an external network via the connectivity 1321 or the broadband modem 1333 (both of which are shown in FIG. 36), the transport stream is transmitted to the multiplexing / demultiplexing unit (MUX DMUX) via the network interface 1519. ) 1518 to be demultiplexed and decoded by the codec engine 1516. For example, the image data obtained by decoding by the codec engine 1516 is subjected to predetermined image processing by the image processing engine 1514, predetermined conversion is performed by the display engine 1513, and the connectivity 1321 (see FIG. 36) and the image is displayed on the monitor. Further, for example, image data obtained by decoding by the codec engine 1516 is re-encoded by the codec engine 1516, multiplexed by a multiplexing / demultiplexing unit (MUX DMUX) 1518, converted into file data, and video. The data is output to, for example, the connectivity 1321 (FIG. 36) via the interface 1520 and recorded on various recording media.

Further, for example, encoded data file data obtained by encoding image data read from a recording medium (not shown) by the connectivity 1321 (FIG. 36) is multiplexed / demultiplexed via the video interface 1520. Is supplied to a unit (MUX DMUX) 1518, demultiplexed, and decoded by the codec engine 1516. Image data obtained by decoding by the codec engine 1516 is subjected to predetermined image processing by the image processing engine 1514, subjected to predetermined conversion by the display engine 1513, and, for example, connectivity 1321 via the display interface 1512 (FIG. 36). And the image is displayed on the monitor. Also, for example, image data obtained by decoding by the codec engine 1516 is re-encoded by the codec engine 1516, multiplexed by the multiplexing / demultiplexing unit (MUX DMUX) 1518, and converted into a transport stream, The data is supplied to, for example, the connectivity 1321 and the broadband modem 1333 (both of which are shown in FIG. 36) via the network interface 1519 and transmitted to another device (not shown).

Note that image data and other data are exchanged between the processing units in the video processor 1332 using, for example, the internal memory 1515 and the external memory 1312. The power management module 1313 controls power supply to the control unit 1511, for example.

場合 When the present technology is applied to the video processor 1332 configured as described above, the present technology according to each of the above-described embodiments may be applied to the codec engine 1516. That is, for example, the codec engine 1516 may have a functional block that realizes the encoding device 30 and the decoding device 160. In this way, the video processor 1332 can obtain the same effects as those described above with reference to FIGS.

Note that in the codec engine 1516, the present technology (that is, the functions of the image encoding device and the image decoding device according to each of the above-described embodiments) may be realized by hardware such as a logic circuit or an embedded program. It may be realized by software such as the above, or may be realized by both of them.

Although two examples of the configuration of the video processor 1332 have been described above, the configuration of the video processor 1332 is arbitrary and may be other than the two examples described above. The video processor 1332 may be configured as one semiconductor chip, but may be configured as a plurality of semiconductor chips. For example, a three-dimensional stacked LSI in which a plurality of semiconductors are stacked may be used. Further, it may be realized by a plurality of LSIs.

(Application example for equipment)
Video set 1300 can be incorporated into various devices that process image data. For example, the video set 1300 can be incorporated in the television device 900 (FIG. 29), the mobile phone 920 (FIG. 30), the recording / reproducing device 940 (FIG. 31), the imaging device 960 (FIG. 32), or the like. By incorporating the video set 1300, the apparatus can obtain an effect similar to that described above with reference to FIGS.

In addition, the video set 1300 includes, for example, terminal devices such as the personal computer 1004, the AV device 1005, the tablet device 1006, and the mobile phone 1007 in the data transmission system 1000 in FIG. 33, the broadcasting station 1101 in the data transmission system 1100 in FIG. The terminal device 1102 and the imaging device 1201 and the scalable encoded data storage device 1202 in the imaging system 1200 of FIG. 35 can be incorporated. By incorporating the video set 1300, the apparatus can obtain an effect similar to that described above with reference to FIGS.

Note that even a part of each configuration of the video set 1300 described above can be implemented as a configuration to which the present technology is applied as long as it includes the video processor 1332. For example, only the video processor 1332 can be implemented as a video processor to which the present technology is applied. Further, for example, as described above, the processor, the video module 1311 and the like indicated by the dotted line 1341 can be implemented as a processor or a module to which the present technology is applied. Furthermore, for example, the video module 1311, the external memory 1312, the power management module 1313, and the front end module 1314 can be combined and implemented as a video unit 1361 to which the present technology is applied. In any case, the same effects as those described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 27 can be obtained.

That is, any configuration including the video processor 1332 can be incorporated into various devices that process image data, as in the case of the video set 1300. For example, a video processor 1332, a processor indicated by a dotted line 1341, a video module 1311, or a video unit 1361, a television device 900 (FIG. 29), a cellular phone 920 (FIG. 30), a recording / playback device 940 (FIG. 31), Imaging device 960 (FIG. 32), terminal devices such as personal computer 1004, AV device 1005, tablet device 1006, and mobile phone 1007 in data transmission system 1000 in FIG. 33, broadcast station 1101 and terminal in data transmission system 1100 in FIG. It can be incorporated into the device 1102, the imaging device 1201 and the scalable encoded data storage device 1202 in the imaging system 1200 of FIG. Then, by incorporating any configuration to which the present technology is applied, the apparatus can obtain the same effects as those described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 27 as in the case of the video set 1300. .

In the present specification, an example has been described in which various types of information such as motion coding information are multiplexed into an encoded stream and transmitted from the encoding side to the decoding side. However, the method for transmitting such information is not limited to such an example. For example, these pieces of information may be transmitted or recorded as separate data associated with the encoded bitstream without being multiplexed into the encoded bitstream. Here, the term “associate” means that an image (which may be a part of an image such as a slice or a block) included in the bitstream and information corresponding to the image can be linked at the time of decoding. Means. That is, information may be transmitted on a transmission path different from that of the image (or bit stream). Information may be recorded on a recording medium (or another recording area of the same recording medium) different from the image (or bit stream). Furthermore, the information and the image (or bit stream) may be associated with each other in an arbitrary unit such as a plurality of frames, one frame, or a part of the frame.

This disclosure receives bitstreams compressed by orthogonal transform such as discrete cosine transform and motion compensation, such as MPEG, H.26x, etc., via network media such as satellite broadcasting, cable TV, the Internet, and mobile phones. The present invention can be applied to an encoding device or a decoding device that is used when processing on a storage medium such as an optical, magnetic disk, or flash memory.

In addition, in this specification, the case where encoding and decoding are performed by a method according to the HEVC method has been described as an example, but the scope of application of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. As long as the encoding device performs scalable encoding in the TextureBL mode and the corresponding decoding device, it can also be applied to encoding devices and decoding devices of other systems.

Note that the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

For example, the present disclosure can take a cloud computing configuration in which one function is shared by a plurality of devices via a network and is processed jointly.

Further, each step described in the above flowchart can be executed by one device or can be shared by a plurality of devices.

Further, when a plurality of processes are included in one step, the plurality of processes included in the one step can be executed by being shared by a plurality of apparatuses in addition to being executed by one apparatus.

In addition, this indication can also take the following structures.

(1)
A coding block generated by inter-coding a block of an image in a first layer of an image having a hierarchical structure, and generated by encoding motion information relating to motion of the block in the inter-coding. A receiving unit for receiving motion coding information;
When an adjacent block adjacent to the block of the first layer image is encoded in an intra prediction mode that refers to a second layer image, predetermined motion information is used as the motion information of the adjacent block. A motion information decoding unit that decodes the motion coding information received by the receiving unit and generates motion information of the block;
A decoding apparatus comprising: an image decoding unit that decodes the encoded block received by the receiving unit using the motion information generated by the motion information decoding unit and generates the block.
(2)
In the motion information decoding unit, the encoding mode of the first layer image is an intra-time reference mode in which the second layer image is referred to during intra encoding, and the adjacent block is the second layer The decoding device according to (1), wherein when encoded in an intra prediction mode that refers to a hierarchical image, the motion coding information is decoded using the predetermined motion information as motion information of the adjacent block. .
(3)
The decoding device according to (2), wherein the reception unit receives mode information indicating that an encoding mode of the first layer image is the intra-time reference mode.
(4)
The receiving unit receives mode information indicating that an encoding mode of the first layer image is an inter-time reference mode in which an image of the second layer is referred to during inter encoding. The decoding device described.
(5)
The decoding apparatus according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the predetermined motion information includes a zero vector as a motion vector.
(6)
The decoding apparatus according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the predetermined motion information includes type information representing a Long term as a reference image type.
(7)
The receiving unit receives a difference between the motion information of the adjacent block and the motion information of the block as the motion coding information,
The decoding apparatus according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the motion information decoding unit decodes the motion encoded information by adding the motion information of the adjacent block and the motion encoded information.
(8)
The receiving unit receives, as the motion encoding information, motion information specifying information that specifies motion information of the adjacent block that is the same as the motion information of the block,
The motion information decoding unit decodes the motion coding information by specifying the motion information of the adjacent block based on the motion information specifying information, and generates the motion information of the adjacent block as the motion information of the block The decoding device according to any one of (1) to (6).
(9)
The decryption device
A coding block generated by inter-coding a block of an image in a first layer of an image having a hierarchical structure, and generated by encoding motion information relating to motion of the block in the inter-coding. Receiving step for receiving motion encoding information;
When an adjacent block adjacent to the block of the first layer image is encoded in an intra prediction mode that refers to a second layer image, predetermined motion information is used as the motion information of the adjacent block. A motion information decoding step of decoding the motion coding information received by the processing of the receiving step and generating motion information of the block;
A decoding method comprising: an image decoding step of decoding the encoded block received by the processing of the receiving step using the motion information generated by the processing of the motion information decoding step and generating the block.
(10)
An image encoding unit that inter-codes a block of an image of a first layer of an image having a hierarchical structure and generates an encoded block;
When an adjacent block adjacent to the block of the first layer image is encoded in an intra prediction mode that refers to a second layer image, motion information regarding a predetermined motion is represented as motion information of the adjacent block. A motion information encoding unit that encodes motion information in the inter encoding of the block and generates motion encoding information;
An encoding apparatus comprising: a transmission unit configured to transmit the encoded block generated by the image encoding unit and the motion encoded information generated by the motion information encoding unit.
(11)
In the motion information encoding unit, the encoding mode of the first layer image is an intra time reference mode in which the second layer image is referred to during intra encoding, and the adjacent block is the second layer If the predetermined motion information is used as the motion information of the adjacent block, the motion information of the block is encoded using the predetermined motion information as the motion information of the adjacent block. Encoding device.
(12)
The encoding device according to (11), wherein the transmission unit transmits mode information indicating that an encoding mode of the first layer image is the intra-time reference mode.
(13)
The transmission unit transmits mode information indicating that an encoding mode of the first layer image is an inter-time reference mode in which an image of the second layer is referred to during inter encoding. The encoding device described in 1.
(14)
The encoding apparatus according to any one of (10) to (13), wherein the predetermined motion information includes a zero vector as a motion vector.
(15)
The encoding apparatus according to any one of (10) to (14), wherein the predetermined motion information includes type information representing a Long term as a reference image type.
(16)
The encoding apparatus according to any one of (10) to (15), wherein the motion information encoding unit generates a difference between the motion information of the adjacent block and the motion information of the block as the motion encoding information.
(17)
The code according to any one of (10) to (15), wherein the motion information encoding unit generates, as the motion encoding information, information specifying motion information of the adjacent block that is the same as the motion information of the block. Device.
(18)
The encoding device
An image encoding step of inter-coding a block of an image of a first layer of an image having a hierarchical structure to generate an encoded block;
When an adjacent block adjacent to the block of the first layer image is encoded in an intra prediction mode that refers to an image of the second layer, motion information regarding a predetermined motion is represented as the motion information of the adjacent block. A motion information encoding step for encoding motion information in the inter encoding of the block and generating motion encoding information;
An encoding method comprising: a transmission step for transmitting the encoded block generated by the process of the image encoding step and the motion encoded information generated by the process of the motion information encoding step.

30 encoding device, 34 transmission unit, 73 operation unit, 92 motion information encoding unit, 160 decoding device, 161 receiving unit, 205 addition unit, 217 motion information decoding unit

Claims

A coding block generated by inter-coding a block of an image in a first layer of an image having a hierarchical structure, and generated by encoding motion information relating to motion of the block in the inter-coding. A receiving unit for receiving motion coding information;
When an adjacent block adjacent to the block of the first layer image is encoded in an intra prediction mode that refers to a second layer image, predetermined motion information is used as the motion information of the adjacent block. A motion information decoding unit that decodes the motion coding information received by the receiving unit and generates motion information of the block;
A decoding apparatus comprising: an image decoding unit that decodes the encoded block received by the receiving unit using the motion information generated by the motion information decoding unit and generates the block.
In the motion information decoding unit, the encoding mode of the first layer image is an intra-time reference mode in which the second layer image is referred to during intra encoding, and the adjacent block is the second layer 2. The decoding device according to claim 1, wherein, when encoding is performed in an intra prediction mode that refers to a hierarchical image, the motion encoding information is decoded using the predetermined motion information as motion information of the adjacent block.
The decoding device according to claim 2, wherein the reception unit receives mode information indicating that an encoding mode of the first layer image is the intra-time reference mode.
The reception unit receives mode information indicating that an encoding mode of the first layer image is an inter-time reference mode in which the second layer image is referred to during inter encoding. Decoding device.
The decoding device according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined motion information includes a zero vector as a motion vector.
The decoding device according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined motion information includes type information representing a long term as a type of a reference image.
The receiving unit receives a difference between the motion information of the adjacent block and the motion information of the block as the motion coding information,
The decoding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the motion information decoding unit decodes the motion encoded information by adding the motion information of the adjacent block and the motion encoded information.
The receiving unit receives, as the motion encoding information, motion information specifying information that specifies motion information of the adjacent block that is the same as the motion information of the block,
The motion information decoding unit decodes the motion coding information by specifying the motion information of the adjacent block based on the motion information specifying information, and generates the motion information of the adjacent block as the motion information of the block The decoding device according to claim 1.
The decryption device
A coding block generated by inter-coding a block of an image in a first layer of an image having a hierarchical structure, and generated by encoding motion information relating to motion of the block in the inter-coding. Receiving step for receiving motion encoding information;
When an adjacent block adjacent to the block of the first layer image is encoded in an intra prediction mode that refers to a second layer image, predetermined motion information is used as the motion information of the adjacent block. A motion information decoding step of decoding the motion coding information received by the processing of the receiving step and generating motion information of the block;
A decoding method comprising: an image decoding step of decoding the encoded block received by the processing of the receiving step using the motion information generated by the processing of the motion information decoding step and generating the block.
An image encoding unit that inter-codes a block of an image of a first layer of an image having a hierarchical structure and generates an encoded block;
When an adjacent block adjacent to the block of the first layer image is encoded in an intra prediction mode that refers to a second layer image, motion information regarding a predetermined motion is represented as motion information of the adjacent block. A motion information encoding unit that encodes motion information in the inter encoding of the block and generates motion encoding information;
An encoding apparatus comprising: a transmission unit configured to transmit the encoded block generated by the image encoding unit and the motion encoded information generated by the motion information encoding unit.
In the motion information encoding unit, the encoding mode of the first layer image is an intra time reference mode in which the second layer image is referred to during intra encoding, and the adjacent block is the second layer The code according to claim 10, wherein when encoding is performed in an intra prediction mode that refers to an image in a layer, the motion information of the block is encoded using the predetermined motion information as motion information of the adjacent block. Device.
The encoding apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the transmission unit transmits mode information indicating that an encoding mode of the first layer image is the intra-time reference mode.
The transmission unit transmits mode information indicating that an encoding mode of the first layer image is an inter-time reference mode in which an image of the second layer is referred to during inter encoding. The encoding device described.
The encoding apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the predetermined motion information includes a zero vector as a motion vector.
The encoding device according to claim 10, wherein the predetermined motion information includes type information representing a Long term as a type of a reference image.
The encoding device according to claim 10, wherein the motion information encoding unit generates a difference between the motion information of the adjacent block and the motion information of the block as the motion encoding information.
The encoding apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the motion information encoding unit generates, as the motion encoding information, information specifying motion information of the adjacent block that is the same as the motion information of the block.
The encoding device
An image encoding step of inter-coding a block of an image of a first layer of an image having a hierarchical structure to generate an encoded block;
When an adjacent block adjacent to the block of the first layer image is encoded in an intra prediction mode that refers to a second layer image, motion information regarding a predetermined motion is represented as motion information of the adjacent block. A motion information encoding step for encoding motion information in the inter encoding of the block and generating motion encoding information;
An encoding method comprising: a transmission step of transmitting the encoded block generated by the process of the image encoding step and the motion encoded information generated by the process of the motion information encoding step.