WO2014203738A1 - 骨新生用組成物及び骨新生システム - Google Patents
骨新生用組成物及び骨新生システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014203738A1 WO2014203738A1 PCT/JP2014/064920 JP2014064920W WO2014203738A1 WO 2014203738 A1 WO2014203738 A1 WO 2014203738A1 JP 2014064920 W JP2014064920 W JP 2014064920W WO 2014203738 A1 WO2014203738 A1 WO 2014203738A1
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- bone
- composition
- fine particles
- osteogenesis
- treatment site
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- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
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- A61L2300/00—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
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- A61L2430/00—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration
- A61L2430/02—Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration for reconstruction of bones; weight-bearing implants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
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- B82Y5/00—Nanobiotechnology or nanomedicine, e.g. protein engineering or drug delivery
Definitions
- the present invention is suitable for bone renewal suitable for the renewal of bones requiring treatment such as fractures, prolonged healing after bone fracture, bone defects, and bone metastases (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “bone treatment sites”).
- the present invention relates to an osteogenesis system using the composition and the composition for osteogenesis.
- Bones originally have flexibility, elasticity, and plasticity, and healthy bones are difficult to break, but breaks when strong external force exceeding the limit or repeated external force is applied.
- a lesion such as a tumor
- the strength of the lesion is reduced, and a fracture may occur even with a slight external force.
- osteoporosis and bone fragility fractures are increasing in recent years.
- a metal plate is applied to the fracture site by a surgical operation, and the plate is fixed to the bone with a screw, or a metal plate from the end of the bone to the medullary cavity at the center of the bone.
- An intramedullary nail fixing method in which a long rod (rod) is driven and the rod is fixed with a screw is generally used.
- autologous bone transplantation in which bones corresponding to bone defects after removal of fractures, fracture-prolonged healing parts, or lesions such as tumors are selected from the bone bank and transplanted Take out the damaged bone once outside the body, treat it with radiation and heat treatment, return it to the body, autogenous bone transplantation, autologous bone grafting bone from another site, artificial bone grafting with hydroxyapatite etc. It has been known.
- the bone cement is surrounded by a bioabsorbable material selected from a fibrin sheet, a collagen sheet, or a polylactic acid or polyglycolic acid homopolymer or copolymer.
- a bioabsorbable material selected from a fibrin sheet, a collagen sheet, or a polylactic acid or polyglycolic acid homopolymer or copolymer.
- “Bone induction ability”, “bone conduction ability”, and “cells” are necessary for bone renewal.
- the method of transplanting autologous bone that kills even the above-mentioned metal plate, autologous bone, or osteoblast only supports the fracture site dynamically and actively promotes bone renewal. There is a problem that it does not.
- the method of surrounding and filling bone cement with a bioabsorbable material is also intended to prevent bone cement from leaking out of the bone from the filling site, and does not actively regenerate bone.
- artificial bone grafts such as hydroxyapatite
- the artificial bone is considered to have the above-mentioned osteoconductivity, but it does not act on osteoblasts or the like to actively induce bone.
- liposomes containing magnetic fine particles to which antibodies are bound are bound to a specific tumor region, and heat is generated by an alternating electric field (AMF).
- AMF alternating electric field
- This method requires a complicated procedure for preparing an antibody that specifically binds to a tumor cell, and even if a bone containing a magnetic particle bound with an antibody is filled in a bone treatment site, Due to the flow of bone marrow fluid and / or blood in the inside, it is difficult to keep the liposome containing the magnetic fine particles to which the antibody is bound at the bone treatment site.
- the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described conventional problems, and as a result of extensive research, fine particles containing a material that can generate heat by an external signal (hereinafter, “can generate heat by an external signal”).
- the “material” is described as “pyrogenic material”
- microparticles containing a material that can generate heat by an external signal” may be described as “microparticle”. It is possible to reduce the outflow of microparticles from the filling site due to the flow of liquid etc., and to newly promote bone renewal at the bone treatment site by the thermal effect generated by applying an external signal to the microparticle The present invention was completed.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a composition for osteogenesis and an osteogenesis system.
- the present invention relates to an osteogenesis composition and an osteogenesis system described below.
- An osteogenesis composition comprising fine particles containing a material capable of generating heat by an external signal and a carrier of the fine particles.
- the carrier is at least one selected from gel, artificial bone, and bone cement.
- the material is at least one selected from magnetite and maghemite.
- the new bone can be promoted without applying a load to other living tissues.
- the fine particles are filled together with the carrier, it is not necessary to adsorb antibodies or the like to the fine particles, and the fine particles can be produced by a simple method.
- an artificial bone is used as a carrier, in addition to promoting the generation of new bone due to the thermal effect of the fine particles, the new bone can be promoted by the artificial bone.
- the heat generating material of the present invention Since the heat generating material of the present invention generates heat by an external signal, the temperature of the fine particles, the heat generation time, etc. can be adjusted by adjusting the heat generating material and / or adjusting the external signal. Therefore, the degree of the thermal effect can be adjusted according to the symptom.
- FIG. 1 shows a procedure for filling the proximal tibia of a rat with the osteogenic composition of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a drawing-substituting photograph, and is an X-ray photograph of bones after 0, 2, 4, and 6 weeks when the bone formation composition according to the present invention is filled in the bone hole and heated.
- FIG. 3 is an X-ray photograph for measuring the degree of bone sclerosis by image evaluation as a drawing substitute photograph.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of measuring the degree of bone sclerosis by image evaluation of X-ray photographs taken in Example 3 and Comparative Example 2.
- FIG. 1 shows a procedure for filling the proximal tibia of a rat with the osteogenic composition of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a drawing-substituting photograph, and is an X-ray photograph of bones after 0, 2, 4, and 6 weeks when the bone formation composition according to the present invention is filled in the bone hole and heated.
- FIG. 3 is an
- FIG. 5 is a drawing-substituting photograph, and is a tissue cross-sectional photograph of the bone of a rat in a portion filled with the osteogenic composition in Example 4 and Comparative Example 3.
- 6 is a drawing-substituting photograph
- FIG. 6 (1) is an enlarged photograph of the cross section of Ligenos
- FIG. 6 (2) is a photograph of the composition for osteogenesis produced in Example 5.
- FIG. 7 shows X-ray photographs of Examples 6 to 8 and Comparative Example 5 as photographs instead of drawings.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the results of measuring the degree of bone sclerosis by image evaluation of X-ray photographs taken in Example 9 and Comparative Example 6.
- FIG. 9 is a drawing-substituting photograph and is a photograph in which the bone cross-sections taken in Examples 10 to 12 and Comparative Example 7 are enlarged 20 times.
- the composition for osteogenesis of the present invention includes fine particles containing a material capable of generating heat by an external signal and a carrier of the fine particles.
- the “external signal” in the present invention means a material that can generate heat by applying the external signal to the material, and examples thereof include a magnetic field, an electric field, an ultrasonic wave, and light.
- the “material capable of generating heat by an external signal” in the present invention means a material that can generate heat by providing the “external signal”.
- the heat generating material is not particularly limited as long as it can generate heat by an external signal.
- the heat generating material is a material that has a high rate of temperature rise and is stable in heat generation, has no influence on the living body, or has substantially no influence.
- gold, silver, platinum, palladium, iridium, aluminum, copper, nickel, iron, magnesium, titanium, zirconium, alloys containing two or more of these metals, and derivatives thereof Can be mentioned.
- Such derivatives include metal compounds.
- the fine particles containing the heat generating material include fine particles containing at least one of the above metals, alloys and derivatives thereof.
- examples of the fine particles include magnetic fine particles mainly composed of iron whose metal content is 70% by weight or more and whose metal content is 80% by weight or more.
- Specific examples of such magnetic fine particles include alloys such as Fe—Co, Fe—Ni, Fe—Al, Fe—Ni—Al, Fe—Co—Ni, Fe—Ni—Al—Zn, and Fe—Al—Si.
- the magnetic fine particle which consists of a metal compound can be mentioned.
- iron oxide-based ferromagnetic fine particles represented by FeOx (4/3 ⁇ x ⁇ 3/2); iron oxide fine particles obtained by adding a divalent metal such as Cr, Mn, Co, Ni to FeOx; Co-coated FeOx fine particles coated with Co; and oxide fine particles obtained by adding a metal such as Na, K, Fe, Mn, or an oxide of these metals to chromium dioxide or chromium dioxide.
- the shape of the fine particles may be any shape as long as the effect of the present invention can be achieved. Spherical shape, rod shape, needle shape, hollow element, layer structure of different metals (core / shell structure), A tube type etc. can be mentioned and you may have an unevenness
- the size of the fine particles is not particularly limited as long as it can be filled in a bone treatment site together with a carrier described later.
- the size of the fine particles may be made smaller than the inner diameter of the syringe, and the fine particles are adsorbed on a solid carrier to be described later.
- the size of the fine particles may be of a size that can be adsorbed on the solid carrier, and may be appropriately adjusted depending on the filling method.
- Said fine particle may be manufactured by a well-known manufacturing method, and may use a commercial item.
- the fine particles need only be filled in a bone treatment site together with a carrier, which will be described later, and heated by an external signal to exert a thermal effect, even fine particles made only from a heat-generating material can exert the effects of the present invention.
- fluid force such as bone marrow fluid flow is generated at the bone treatment site, and the fine particles may fall off the carrier.
- the fine particles may be coated with a material that is easily adsorbed to the bone tissue so that the fine particles remain around the bone treatment site. Examples of the material that is easily adsorbed to the bone tissue include liposomes and bisphosphonates, and these may be coated alone or in combination.
- an antibody that specifically adsorbs to bone cells may be bound to a fine particle or a material covering the fine particle.
- the fine particles can also be coated with a material having high affinity with the carrier, and for example, it may be coated with amino acids, proteins, lipids, sugars and the like that exhibit high adsorptivity with hydroxyapatite serving as a carrier to be described later.
- the method of coating the fine particles with a material that easily adsorbs to the bone tissue may be appropriately selected according to the type of fine particles and the type of material that easily adsorbs to the bone tissue.
- the magnetic fine particles are coated with liposomes, the following procedure can be used.
- the magnetic fine particles are sufficiently washed with deionized water to remove excess ionic components and subjected to ultrasonic treatment to produce a magnetic fine particle solution that is dispersed in water.
- a phospholipid membrane is formed on the inner wall of the eggplant-shaped flask from a lipid mixture composed of phosphatidylcholine / phosphatidylethanolamine and N- (6-maleimidocaproyloxy) -dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine.
- the magnetic fine particle solution prepared by the above method is added to this phospholipid membrane, and the membrane is swollen while vortexing.
- the swollen film and magnetic fine particles are subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 15 minutes, and then physiological saline (PBS) is added to make the dispersed state in physiological saline.
- PBS physiological saline
- a magnetite liposome can be obtained by performing ultrasonic treatment.
- the “carrier” contained in the composition for osteogenesis of the present invention means a substance that can fill a bone treatment site with fine particles and retain the fine particles at the filled site, for example, gel, artificial bone, bone cement Etc.
- a medical gel for example, a medical gel can be used.
- Alginate gel, hyaluronic acid gel, phosphatidylethanolamine-linked polysaccharide derivative, mannan gel, and carrageenan, locust bean gum, glucomannan, starch, curdlan, guar gum examples thereof include a gel composed of a combination of two or more natural organic polymers selected from agar, cassia gum, dextran, amylose, gelatin, pectin, xanthan gum, tara gum, and gellan gum.
- the artificial bone includes a biocompatible calcium phosphate material.
- the calcium phosphate-based material can be stored in a solid form (typically in a powder form) until the hardening treatment is performed, the composition for osteogenesis of the present invention can be used as an errand adjustment type. it can.
- the calcium phosphate material may include calcium phosphates having various chemical composition ratios.
- Preferable examples include hydroxyapatite (Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ) or a compound capable of generating hydroxyapatite by hydrolysis.
- hydroxyapatite Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2
- a compound capable of generating hydroxyapatite by hydrolysis For example, a mixture of ⁇ -type tricalcium phosphate ( ⁇ -Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ) as a main component and other calcium phosphate compounds as subcomponents may be mentioned.
- ⁇ -type tricalcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, ⁇ -type tricalcium phosphate ( ⁇ -Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ), tetracalcium phosphate (Ca 4 (PO 4 ) 2 O), calcium hydrogen phosphate Examples include those added with CaHPO 4 .2H 2 O) and the like.
- Calcium phosphate compounds other than those exemplified above may be used, and the combination of the compounds to be used is not particularly limited as long as it is a combination capable of forming hydroxyapatite and other calcium phosphate base materials (cured bodies).
- a calcium-phosphate type base material hardened body
- compounds other than the calcium-phosphate type compound which is a main component may be contained.
- a compound in which a part of Ca in the calcium phosphate compound is substituted with another element for example, Sr, Ba, Mg, Fe, Al, Na, K, H
- a compound in which a part of PO 4 is substituted with another acid component for example, CO 3 , BO 3 , SO 4 , SiO 4
- the form when using the artificial bone as the carrier may be a paste or a porous solid, and the form is particularly suitable as long as the fine particles can be retained at the bone treatment site. There is no limit.
- the porous material is soaked in the solution in which the fine particles are dispersed to adsorb the fine particles to the porous material, or the fine particles are incorporated into the porous material during the porous manufacturing process.
- the fine particles may be dispersed in the produced porous material.
- a bone cement material containing polymethyl methacrylate as a main component for example, a cement material containing barium powder, methyl methacrylate (monomer), etc. in addition to polymethyl methacrylate
- a bone cement material containing polymethyl methacrylate as a main component for example, a cement material containing barium powder, methyl methacrylate (monomer), etc. in addition to polymethyl methacrylate
- the carrier used in the present invention may be prepared by appropriately adjusting the above materials, or a commercially available one may be used.
- atelocollagen implants Korean
- Zyplast collagen
- Puredent hyaluronic acid gel, Press Japan
- Bone cements mainly composed of methyl methacrylate are commercially available under the trade names such as Surgical Simplex (Striker), Ostron II (GC), and artificial bone is Biopex-R (Advanced Full Set).
- the gel, artificial bone, and bone cement may be used alone or in combination with, for example, gel and artificial bone, gel and bone cement, artificial bone and bone cement.
- fine particles and a carrier are included when the bone treatment site is filled with the composition for osteogenesis.
- a gel is used as a carrier, (1) the bone treatment site is filled with the fine particles dispersed in the gel in advance, and (2) when the bone treatment site is filled, the particles are dispersed in the gel.
- Any form of use may be used, such as (3) gelation of an uncrosslinked gelling material with water or the like at the time of treatment, and then dispersing fine particles and filling the bone treatment site.
- bone cement or artificial bone as in the above, (1) bone cement or artificial bone previously dispersed or adsorbed in a paste or solid is filled into the bone treatment site, (2) When filling bone treatment site, disperse or adsorb fine particles in paste or solid of bone cement or artificial bone before filling. (3) When filling bone treatment site, paste bone cement or artificial bone material Then, any use form such as dispersing fine particles and filling the bone treatment site may be used. Therefore, the “carrier” in the present invention is not limited to the usage form at the time of filling, but also includes materials that can be in that form.
- the external signal of the present invention preferably has no influence on the administration side or has little influence. From such a viewpoint, it is preferable to use a magnetic field (change in magnetic field) or light.
- a magnetic field change in magnetic field
- the magnetic field for example, an alternating magnetic field can be used, and the strength and time of the magnetic field may be appropriately adjusted so as to achieve a desired temperature according to the type of heat generating material used.
- the particle size is 50 kHz to 10 MHz. What is necessary is just to give a magnetic field. When the magnetic field is lower than 50 kHz, the heating efficiency is deteriorated.
- the magnetic field is higher than 10 MHz, water and blood are also heated, which is not preferable.
- the selection of the wavelength and the like may be appropriately adjusted so as to achieve a desired temperature according to the type of heat generating material used.
- the type of heat generating material used For example, in the case of fine particles using gold as a heat generating material, it is preferable to use light of 800 nm to 1200 nm that hardly harms tissues and cells in the animal body.
- the heat generating material is gold, a high frequency of 10 MHz to 2 GHz in the microwave region can be applied, and the irradiation time may be appropriately determined according to the frequency used for irradiation.
- thermotron RF-8 lamp or YAG laser, or microwave generator
- thermotron RF-8 lamp or YAG laser
- microwave generator can be used. That's fine.
- the temperature of the fine particles is preferably a temperature at which Wnt / ⁇ catenin signal can be activated, preferably heated to 42.5 ° C. to 47 ° C., more preferably 44 ° C. to 46 ° C. If the temperature is lower than 42.5 ° C., Wnt / ⁇ catenin signal is not activated. If the temperature is higher than 47 ° C., normal cells in the living body adjacent to the filling site may be killed.
- the bone treatment site to which the composition for osteogenesis of the present invention can be applied includes a fractured part by physical pressure, a part where fracture healing is prolonged, a part lost by excision of a tumor, a bone such as a bone metastasis lesion, etc. There is no particular limitation as long as bone renewal is necessary, such as a weakened portion.
- the composition for osteogenesis is formed from outside the body using a syringe or the like by incising the living body by surgical operation and filling the bone treatment site with the composition for osteogenesis. After filling the bone treatment site, an external signal is applied to the fine particles by an external signal generator, and a thermal effect by heat generation is applied.
- Example 1 [Preparation of liposome-coated fine particles] Magnetic fine particles (10 nm magnetite: manufactured by Toda Kogyo Co., Ltd.) were sufficiently washed with deionized water to remove excess ionic components, and subjected to ultrasonic treatment to prepare a magnetite solution dispersed in water. A phospholipid membrane was formed on the inner wall of the eggplant-shaped flask from a lipid mixture consisting of phosphatidylcholine / phosphatidylethanolamine (ratio 2: 1) and N- (6-maleimidocaproyloxy) -dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine.
- the magnetite solution prepared by the above method was added to this phospholipid membrane, and the membrane was swollen while vortexing.
- the swollen film and the magnetic fine particles were subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 15 minutes (28 W), and then 200 ⁇ l of 10-fold concentration physiological saline (PBS) was added to be dispersed in the physiological saline.
- ultrasonic treatment was performed for 15 minutes (28 W) to obtain a solution in which magnetite liposomes (MCL) were dispersed.
- Example 2 [Transplantation to rat, confirmation of bone formation] ⁇ Example 2> Rats aged 8 weeks (Sprague-Dawley rat) were anesthetized by influrane aspiration (5% concentration) and intraperitoneal administration of pentobabital (10 mg / 1 animal, Kyoritsu Pharmaceutical). Next, as shown in FIG. 1 (1), a bone hole having a diameter of about 2 mm and a depth of 3 mm was created with a drill in the proximal inner side of the tibia of the right foot of the rat. Two days after the bleeding settled, as shown in FIG. 1 (2), immediately after producing the composition for osteogenesis produced in Example 1, 100 ⁇ l was filled into the bone hole with tweezers.
- FIG. 1 (3) is a photograph of a temperature sensor set on a rat.
- a high-frequency magnetic field generator manufactured by Daiichi High-Frequency Industrial Co., Ltd.
- the osteogenic composition was maintained at 45 ° C. for 15 minutes to maintain the temperature. Heating was performed only once. Bone neoplasia was evaluated by X-ray photography immediately after heating, after 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 6 weeks.
- FIG. 2 shows the X-ray results of Example 2 and Comparative Example 1. As apparent from the photograph, hardening of the bone around the bone hole was confirmed after 2 weeks in Example 2, but in the case of Comparative Example 1, the finding of bone hardening after 2 weeks was poor. From the above results, it was confirmed that the generation of new bone was promoted by heating the bone treatment site.
- Example 3 By measuring the average density in a certain area around the bone hole using image analysis software, the change in bone sclerosis over time was observed.
- the composition for osteogenesis was filled and heated in the right foot (affected side) of the rat in the same procedure as in Example 2, and immediately after heating as shown in FIG. 3 (1) and as shown in FIG. 3 (2). Thus, two weeks later, radiographs were taken so that the right foot (affected side) and the healthy left foot (normal side) were included.
- the captured X-ray image is taken into a computer, and the bone hole around the right foot (affected side) of the X-ray image immediately after heating is set with image analysis software Image J (NIH) (the part surrounded by the white line in the figure), and the left foot
- image analysis software Image J (NIH) the part surrounded by the white line in the figure
- the proximal side of the tibia on the (healthy side) was also set with a mouse with Image J (NIH) so as to have the same area as the right foot (affected side) (the part surrounded by the white line in the figure).
- the X-ray photograph after 2 weeks was set using Image J (NIH) with a mouse.
- the bone formation on the left foot (healthy side) has little change, that is, the X-ray image is considered to have almost no change, so the analysis to compare how much the bone formation image on the right foot (affected side) has changed Went.
- the value of the right foot (affected side) / left foot (good side) at 0 week was taken as 1, and the values were plotted together with the value of the right foot (affected side) / left foot (good side) after 2 weeks.
- Fourteen rats filled and heated with the composition for osteogenesis were prepared, and the average value was used.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of Example 3 and Comparative Example 2.
- Example 3 the bone formation (density) of the right foot (affected side) was clearly increased as compared to the left foot (normal side).
- Comparative Example 2 the bone formation (density) of the right foot (affected side) was rather decreased compared to the left foot (normal side). This is considered to be because the fine particles themselves absorb the X-rays immediately after filling with the osteogenic composition, but appear white because the fine particles flow and disappear after two weeks. From the above results, it was confirmed that bone was regenerated at the bone treatment site by the osteogenesis system including the composition for osteogenesis of the present invention.
- Example 4 The osteogenesis composition was filled and heated in the same procedure as in Example 2 except that the heating temperature was 46 ° C. Two weeks later, the foot filled with the osteogenic composition was taken out, sliced to a thickness of 5 ⁇ m after paraformaldehyde fixation, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Next, a stained slice of the portion filled and heated with the composition for osteogenesis was photographed using an optical microscope. A new bone image around the magnetite was evaluated under a microscope.
- FIG. 5 is an X-ray photograph before taking out the foot of Example 4 and Comparative Example 3, and an enlarged photograph of the cross section of the bone. As is apparent from the photograph, many new bones were found around the bone hole in Example 4, but in Comparative Example 3, only new bones were seen so as to border the fine particles.
- Example 5 [Preparation of composition for osteogenesis] A petri dish obtained by adding 330 mg of regenos (Kuraray Co., Ltd.), which is an artificial bone, to a solution in which magnetite liposomes (MCL) prepared in [Preparation of liposome-coated fine particles] in Example 1 were dispersed, was used as a negative pressure generator (manufactured by TAITEX) GCD-051XA). Next, a composition for osteogenesis (porous solid) in which magnetite liposomes were adsorbed in the pores of Ligenos was prepared by treating for 60 minutes under a negative pressure of 0.067 Pa.
- FIG. 6 (1) is an enlarged photograph of the cross section of Ligenos
- FIG. 6 (2) is a photograph of the composition for osteogenesis produced in Example 5.
- Example 6 A bone hole was prepared in the same procedure as in Example 2, and one day of the composition for osteogenesis prepared in Example 5 was filled into the bone hole with tweezers two days after the bleeding settled. Subsequently, it heated in the procedure similar to Example 2, and evaluated by performing an X-ray imaging immediately after a heating and 2 weeks after. Evaluation was performed using two rats.
- Example 7 The procedure was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the heating temperature was 44 ° C.
- Example 8> The procedure was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the heating temperature was 43 ° C.
- FIG. 7 shows X-ray photographs of Examples 6 to 8 and Comparative Example 5. As is apparent from the photographs, hardening of the bone around the bone hole was confirmed after 2 weeks in Examples 6 to 8 ( ⁇ in the figure), but in the case of Comparative Example 5, the bone hardening findings after 2 weeks were It was scarce. From the above results, it was confirmed that even when an artificial bone was used as a carrier, the generation of new bone was promoted by heating the bone treatment site.
- Example 9 Analysis and graphing were performed in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the composition for osteogenesis prepared in Example 5 was used. In addition, 12 rats were prepared and the average value was used.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the results of bone sclerosis measurement by image evaluation of X-ray photographs taken in Example 9 and Comparative Example 6.
- Example 9 the bone formation (density) of the right foot (affected side) was clearly increased compared to the left foot (normal side).
- Comparative Example 6 the bone formation (density) of the right foot (affected side) was rather decreased compared to the left foot (normal side). This is presumably because the fine particles themselves absorb X-rays and appear white immediately after being filled with the osteogenic composition.
- the reason why the decrease in bone formation (density) of Comparative Example 6 is smaller than that of Comparative Example 2 is considered to be because there are fewer fine particles that flow and disappear than when gel is used as the carrier. From the above results, it was confirmed that bone was regenerated at the bone treatment site by the osteogenesis system including the composition for osteogenesis of the present invention.
- Example 10 Using one rat after X-ray imaging in Example 6, the cross section of the bone at the site filled with the composition for osteogenesis was photographed and evaluated in the same procedure as in Example 4.
- Example 11 Except that the rat of Example 7 was used, a cross section of the bone at the location filled with the composition for osteogenesis was photographed in the same procedure as in Example 10.
- Example 12 Except that the rat of Example 8 was used, a cross section of the bone at the site filled with the composition for osteogenesis was photographed in the same procedure as in Example 10.
- FIG. 9 is a photograph in which the bone cross-sections taken in Examples 10 to 12 and Comparative Example 7 are magnified 20 times. As is clear from the photograph, in Examples 10 to 12, many new bones were observed around the bone hole, but in Comparative Example 7, only new bones were observed so as to border the fine particles.
- composition for osteogenesis By using the composition for osteogenesis according to the present invention, the generation of new bone can be promoted during the treatment of fractures and the like.
- antibodies, etc. can be used with bone cement or artificial bone that has been used for the treatment of fractures, and medical gels, etc., so medical institutions such as hospitals and emergency centers and university medical departments It can be used as a treatment material for fractures at research institutions such as general hospitals.
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Abstract
Description
(2)前記キャリアが、ゲル、人工骨、骨セメントから選択される少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする上記(1)に記載の骨新生用組成物。
(3)前記材料が、マグネタイト、マグヘマイトから選択される少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする上記(1)又は(2)に記載の骨新生用組成物。
(4)前記微粒子が、リポソームで被覆されていることを特徴とする上記(1)~(3)の何れか一に記載の骨新生用組成物。
(5)上記(1)~(4)の何れか一に記載の骨新生用組成物及び該骨新生用組成物に含まれる微粒子を発熱させるための外部信号を発生する外部信号発生装置を含むことを特徴とする骨新生システム。
また、微粒子をキャリアと共に充填するため、微粒子に抗体等を吸着させる必要が無く、簡易な方法により微粒子を作製することができる。
更に、キャリアとして人工骨を用いると、微粒子の温熱効果による新生骨の発生促進に加え、人工骨による骨の新生を促進することもできる。
本発明の発熱材料は外部信号により発熱することから、発熱材料を調整及び/又は外部信号を調整することで、微粒子の温度、発熱時間等を調整することができる。したがって、症状に応じて温熱効果の程度を調整することができる。
〔リポソーム被覆微粒子の作製〕
磁性微粒子(10nmマグネタイト:戸田工業株式会社製)を脱イオン水で十分に洗浄を行って余分なイオン成分を取り除き、超音波処理を行うことにより、水に分散するマグネタイト溶液を作製した。ホスファチジルコリン/ホスファチジルエタノールアミン(比、2:1)およびN-(6-マレイミドカプロイルオキシ)-ジパルミトイルホスファチジルエタノールアミンからなる脂質混合物からナス型フラスコ内壁にリン脂質膜を作製した。このリン脂質膜に上記の方法で作製したマグネタイト溶液を加え、ボルテックス撹拌しながら膜を膨潤させた。膨潤させた膜と磁性微粒子に15分間の超音波処理を施し(28W)、その後10倍濃度の生理食塩水(PBS)200μlを加え、生理食塩水中に分散している状態にした。さらに超音波処理を15分間行い(28W)、マグネタイトリポソーム(MCL)が分散した溶液を得た。
上記MCLが分散した溶液(36mg/ml)と1.2%アルジネイト溶液(FMC BioPolymer社製、KELTONE LVCR)を1:1の割合で混合して、骨新生用組成物(ゲル)を作製した。
<実施例2>
生後8週のラット(Sprague-Dawley rat)を用い、インフルレン吸引(5%濃度)及びペントバビタール腹腔内投与(10mg/1匹、共立製薬)により麻酔した。次いで、図1(1)に示すように、ラットの右足の脛骨近位内側に、ドリルで直径約2mm、深さ3mmの骨孔を作製した。出血が落ち着いた2日後に、図1(2)に示すように、上記実施例1で作製した骨新生用組成物を作製後すぐに、100μlをピンセットにより、上記骨孔に充填した。骨新生用組成物充填時にカーボン温度センサーを直上に設置した。図1(3)は、ラットに温度センサーをセットした写真である。骨新生用組成物を充填した直後に、高周波磁場発生装置(第一高周波工業社製)を用い、外部信号として100KHzの交番磁場を付与することで微粒子を発熱させた。骨新生用組成物は45℃で15分間継続して温度を維持した。加温は1回だけ実施した。骨の新生は、加温直後、2週間後、4週間後、6週間後にレントゲン撮影を行うことで評価を行った。
交番磁場を付与しなかった以外は、実施例2と同様の手順で実験を行った。
<実施例3>
画像解析ソフトを用いて、骨孔周囲の一定面積における平均密度を測定することで、骨硬化度の経時的変化の観察を行った。先ず、実施例2と同様の手順でラットの右足(患側)に骨新生用組成物を充填・加温し、図3(1)に示すように加温直後、及び図3(2)に示すように2週間後に、右足(患側)及び健常状態の左足(健側)が含まれるようにレントゲン写真撮影した。撮影したレントゲン画像をコンピューターに取り込み、加温直後のレントゲン写真の右足(患側)の骨孔周囲を画像解析ソフトImage J(NIH)で設定(図中の白線で囲われている部分)し、左足(健側)の脛骨近位内側についても右足(患側)と同じ面積となるようImage J(NIH)でマウスを用いて設定(図中の白線で囲われている部分)した。2週間後のレントゲン写真についても同様に、Image J(NIH)でマウスを用いて設定した。次に、左足(健側)の骨形成はほとんど変化がない、つまりレントゲン画像はほとんど変化がないと考えられるので、右足(患側)の骨形成像がどれだけ変化したかを比較するための解析を行った。0週における右足(患側)/左足(健側)の値を1とし、2週後の右足(患側)/左足(健側)の値とともにグラフ化した。骨新生用組成物を充填・加温したラットは14匹準備し、平均値を用いた。
加温しなかった以外は、実施例3と同様の手順で解析・グラフ化した。コントロール用のラットは7匹準備し、平均値を用いた。
<実施例4>
加熱温度を46℃とした以外は、実施例2と同様の手順で、骨新生用組成物を充填・加温した。2週間後に骨新生用組成物を充填した足を取り出し、パラホルムアルデヒド固定後に5μmの厚さにスライスし、ヘマトキシリン・エオジンで染色した。次いで、骨新生用組成物を充填・加温した箇所の染色されたスライスを、光学顕微鏡を用いて撮影した。マグネタイト周囲の新生骨像を顕微鏡下に評価した。
加温をしなかった以外は、実施例4と同様の手順で骨新生用組成物を充填した箇所の骨の断面を撮影した。
<比較例4>
実施例1で作製したMCLのみを、実施例2と同様の手順で骨孔に充填した。交番磁場を付与しながらカーボン温度センサーによる温度観察をしたところ、MCLが骨内で拡散してしまうことが確認された。
〔骨新生用組成物の作製〕
実施例1の〔リポソーム被覆微粒子の作製〕で作製したマグネタイトリポソーム(MCL)が分散した溶液に、人工骨であるリジェノス(株式会社クラレ)を330mg加えたシャーレを、陰圧発生器(TAITEX社製GCD-051XA)内に載置した。次いで、0.067Paの陰圧下で60分間処理することで、リジェノスの気孔内にマグネタイトリポソームが吸着した骨新生用組成物(多孔質の固体)を作製した。図6(1)はリジェノスの断面の拡大写真、図6(2)は、実施例5で作製した骨新生用組成物の写真である。
<実施例6>
実施例2と同様の手順で骨孔を作製し、出血が落ち着いた2日後のラットに、実施例5で作製した骨新生用組成物1個をピンセットにより、上記骨孔に充填した。次いで、実施例2と同様の手順で加温し、加温直後及び2週間後にレントゲン撮影を行うことで評価を行った。評価は2匹のラットを用いて行った。
加温温度を44℃とした以外は、実施例6と同様に手順で評価を行った。
加温温度を43℃とした以外は、実施例6と同様に手順で評価を行った。
加温しなかった以外は、実施例6と同様の手順で評価を行った。
<実施例9>
実施例5で作製した骨新生用組成物を用いた以外は、実施例3と同様の手順で解析・グラフ化した。なお、ラットは12匹準備し、平均値を用いた。
加温しなかった以外は、実施例9と同様の手順で解析・グラフ化した。コントロール用のラットは3匹準備し、平均値を用いた。
<実施例10>
実施例6でレントゲン撮影した後のラット1匹を用いて、実施例4と同様の手順で骨新生用組成物を充填した箇所の骨の断面を撮影・評価した。
実施例7のラットを用いた以外は、実施例10と同様の手順で骨新生用組成物を充填した箇所の骨の断面を撮影した。
実施例8のラットを用いた以外は、実施例10と同様の手順で骨新生用組成物を充填した箇所の骨の断面を撮影した。
比較例5のラットを用いた以外は、実施例10と同様の手順で骨新生用組成物を充填した箇所の骨の断面を撮影した。
Claims (5)
- 外部信号により発熱することができる材料を含む微粒子及び該微粒子のキャリアを含むことを特徴とする骨新生用組成物。
- 前記キャリアが、ゲル、人工骨、骨セメントから選択される少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の骨新生用組成物。
- 前記材料が、マグネタイト、マグヘマイトから選択される少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の骨新生用組成物。
- 前記微粒子が、リポソームで被覆されていることを特徴とする請求項1~3の何れか一項に記載の骨新生用組成物。
- 請求項1~4の何れか一項に記載の骨新生用組成物及び該骨新生用組成物に含まれる微粒子を発熱させるための外部信号を発生する外部信号発生装置を含むことを特徴とする骨新生システム。
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JP2008522667A (ja) * | 2004-12-06 | 2008-07-03 | ディーエフアイエヌイー・インコーポレーテッド | 骨治療システムおよび方法 |
JP2008545665A (ja) * | 2005-05-23 | 2008-12-18 | ユニベルシテ ドゥ ジュネーブ | 高体温による処置のための注入可能な超常磁性ナノ粒子および高体温インプラントを形成するための使用 |
JP2013510186A (ja) * | 2009-11-09 | 2013-03-21 | クルアスパンヌ | 金ナノ粒子と血清アルブミンおよび/またはコラーゲンとを含有するレーザー組織接合のための水性組成物 |
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JP2005510291A (ja) * | 2001-11-21 | 2005-04-21 | ヌバシブ, インコーポレイテッド | サーモポリマー組成物および関連する方法 |
JP2008522667A (ja) * | 2004-12-06 | 2008-07-03 | ディーエフアイエヌイー・インコーポレーテッド | 骨治療システムおよび方法 |
JP2008545665A (ja) * | 2005-05-23 | 2008-12-18 | ユニベルシテ ドゥ ジュネーブ | 高体温による処置のための注入可能な超常磁性ナノ粒子および高体温インプラントを形成するための使用 |
JP2013510186A (ja) * | 2009-11-09 | 2013-03-21 | クルアスパンヌ | 金ナノ粒子と血清アルブミンおよび/またはコラーゲンとを含有するレーザー組織接合のための水性組成物 |
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