WO2014191100A2

WO2014191100A2 - Integrative system of water vehicles for collecting and/or recycling particular contaminants from open bodies of water

Info

Publication number: WO2014191100A2
Application number: PCT/EP2014/001420
Authority: WO
Inventors: Günther BONIN
Original assignee: Securion Ag
Priority date: 2013-05-28
Filing date: 2014-05-27
Publication date: 2014-12-04
Also published as: DE102013009039B4; WO2014191100A3; WO2014191100A4; DE102013009039A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an integrative system of water vehicles for collecting and converting plastic waste on open bodies of water, comprising at least one water vehicle, which collects the plastic waste on the ocean, on lakes and/or in shoreline regions and/or mouths of rivers and, as applicable, a transport ship which transports the collected plastic waste to at least one additional water vehicle, which is designed to convert the delivered plastic waste into a form of fuel which is usable by internal combustion engines.

Description

description

Integrative system of watercraft for collecting and / or recycling particulate contaminants from open waters

The present invention relates to an integrative system of watercraft - such as ships or boats - for collecting and / or recycling particulate contaminants from open waters, as well as a method for collecting and / or recycling particulate contaminants from open waters, and the use of the system.

From the prior art, the International Patent Class IPC B63B 35/32 discloses numerous ships or other floats adapted for collecting contaminants from open waters.

However, known types of vessels or systems for water purification or corresponding processes relate predominantly skimming systems for oil on bodies of water

Plastic waste in the oceans is an internationally known environmental problem. The United Nations Environment Program estimates that more than 6.4 million tonnes of waste go into the oceans every year - 240 million tonnes were newly produced in 2012; For 2013, a new production of plastic waste in the order of 300 million tons is expected.

Plastic parts and their decomposition products accumulate in particular in some sea drift fluid vortexes and lead to considerable compression in some marine regions. These are known in the Pacific, for example, as Nordpazifikwirbel, high concentrations of plastic particles were detected in the North Atlantic in the Sargasso Sea.

Plastic waste is usually swept over rivers into the sea. In many cases, landfills and waste dumps in the wastelands on rivers, lakes, swamps or Sea shells piled up, from which the plastic waste - for example, after flooding - distributed over the waters.

Especially on the seas driving plastic waste is crushed by wave motion and UV light in the long term, with a higher and higher degree of fineness can be achieved. Among other things, 3 - 5 mm pellets are produced which are confused with plankton by marine animals and are taken up. At a very high degree of fineness, the plastic powder is also taken up by plankton as food among other things. Starting with plankton, the plastic particles that accumulate toxic and cancer-causing chemicals continue to rise in the food chain. In this way, the plastic waste with the accumulated toxins also reaches the food intended for human consumption.

In view of the general pollution of the oceans, some proposals have already been made for their cleanliness, which, however, as already mentioned above, focus on the removal of oil residues.

Thus, WO 2011007976 A2 discloses a sea-cleaning ship which can remove oil and other articles from a sea, a harbor and the surface of inland waters. The hull includes a waterway for discharging water, which is discharged from the bow of the hull and flows toward the stern of the hull, and a vertical guide sluice, which intersects the center of the waterway. This oil is automatically removed from the water by means of a floating lock and an oil skimmer.

WO 2012064640 A1 shows a skimming system for on-water oil and remote tracking methods and a fleet of autonomous skimmers controlled by a command center. The skimmers are deployed over a vast area to carry any accumulation of oil or other floating contaminants or debris into a receptacle. GPS receivers in the skimmers register the geodesic locations of the skimmers, so that they can be moved to another location for the recovery or redistribution of contaminants.

US 7485235 B2 relates to a portable collection system for collecting waste in waters, including non-navigable waters, which floats on a flotation platform and has a waste collection conveyor mounted on the platform for collection and disposal.

The handling and use of the known skimming or collecting ships is disadvantageous to nonspecific and associated with high effort in view of the initially described plastic pollution of waters, since - as already mentioned - usually the skimming of local oil spills is at the center of interest.

As a countermeasure, pilot projects have begun, inter alia, to purchase plastic garbage picked up by fishermen. This is to prove that it is possible to economically and effectively remove plastic waste from the sea again and this feed the recyclable material or convert it into oil.

The primary object of the present invention is therefore to provide an integrative system of watercraft which enables plastic waste to be collected in a wide variety of waters, such as rivers, lakes, and the oceans and their estuary and riparian areas to provide a usable form for other applications.

Another object of the present invention is to convert the plastic waste collected in the waters within the framework of the integrative system into a usable form, which also makes sense from an ecological and economic point of view.

Another object of the present invention is to utilize the collected plastic waste as close as possible to the collection area or in the collection area and to avoid further input of energy only for the transport of the plastic waste. A further object of the present invention is to provide an integrative system of watercraft, which allows a high mobility and reliability of provided for the collection of garbage watercraft and their fast availability at different - possibly far apart - sites allows.

These objects are at least partially solved on the device side by the inventive integrative system of ships or boats according to claim 1 and 7 and the method side according to the features in claims 18 and 25.

Further advantages, aspects and details emerge from the dependent claims, the description and the drawings. The claims are to be understood as a first, non-limiting attempt to describe the invention with general definitions.

Figures 1 and 3 describe the general concept underlying the invention; Fig. 2 describes a particular embodiment of a watercraft which is part of the integrative concept according to the invention.

According to the invention, the integrative system of ships or boats for collecting and / or recycling particulate contaminants on open waters consists of at least two vessels of different sizes, designed for inland waters and near-shore areas and for seas, and for inland waters and near-shore areas a keelless first ship or boat is provided with two floats, which has between the floats at least one collecting device with a safety net for receiving the particulate impurities, and for seas a second ship with at least two floats is provided which at least two collecting devices / networks Receiving the particulate impurities, which are arranged side by side between the floats, that a continuous, alternating recording of the particulate impurities and emptying the safety nets is guaranteed, un d is provided at least a third ship for seas, which is to receive, Comminution and / or recycling of the particulate contaminants collected by the first ship and / or the second ship is designed.

Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the present invention underlying concept for the disposal and recycling of plastic waste on water. The plastic waste collected by Type 1 (WT1) and Type 2 (WT2) vessels is directed to Type 3 (WT3, Tanker) watercraft, which is located at sea. This can be used in non-seaworthy vessels - e.g. As with watercraft of type 1 (WT1), which are to work mainly near the shore - done with the help of transport vehicles (not shown in the figure). From the tanker - after the conversion of plastic waste into fuel (s) - the refueling of passing ships can take place.

According to the invention, the vessels described above form part of an integrative system of ships or boats, etc. for collecting and / or recycling particulate contaminants in open waters. The basic idea of the inventive concept is shown in Figs. 1 and 3 reproduced.

The first type of vessel (WT1) is designed to collect plastic waste / plastic waste in front of islands and estuaries or lake shores. In one embodiment, it can be used stationarily or passively for dragging on shores of lakes and seas.

According to another embodiment, the watercraft of the first type is embodied by an inflatable dinghy. This watercraft is moved with the drive units known from the prior art and is preferably manned in this embodiment.

Both embodiments of this type of vessel may be modularly configurable in size and in terms of the type of materials they are intended to collect. Depending on the need, various meshes or filters, etc. may be incorporated. After filling, the full nets are collected, emptied and the contents are transported away and further processed. The second type of watercraft (WT2) is, in one embodiment, intended for use in shore distant (ie up to 10 nautical miles) areas and has at least two catch filters / straps arranged downstream of the at least two containment nets for receiving more particulate contaminants, which are smaller than the mesh size of the safety nets. As a result, this type is also suitable for use for research purposes. Preferably, this type collects plastic waste in a range of up to 15 m, preferably up to 10 m, and more preferably up to 5 m below the water surface.

In another embodiment, watercraft of this type (WT2) are designed for offshore use in the Pacific and Atlantic. This type drives fully automatically with new wind and solar technologies and has at least two safety nets - as already described for the first version.

This type can independently remove the plastic garbage or the plastic particles from the waters and, if necessary, deposit the full nets at certain positions, indicating the length and width (GPS) - or marked by buoys - where these are then transported by collecting vessels (T) Preferably, the unmanned embodiment of the watercraft (WT2) is controlled by the collecting vessel (T). However, it is also any other form of control - such. Satellite control - to use, if one or more islands of plastic garbage could already be located via satellite observation.

These nets are supplied by the collecting vessels (T) (Figure 3) with their plastic cargo a third seaworthy the watercraft (WT3), which for receiving, crushing and / or recycling of the particulate contaminants by the first ship and / or the second or collected by the haulage vessels. Alternatively, it is also possible that the type 2 watercraft deliver their cargo directly to the tanker (WT3).

Preferably, the guidance of the nets in this second type of vessel is provided on both sides in both embodiments. These Design allows the skipper - if the watercraft is manned - to respond to obstacles, such as driftwood, especially tree trunks, and to position the catching devices or nets accordingly. This possibility open the known from the prior art watercraft that provide a rear-side management of networks (trawl) or catching devices, not disadvantageous.

The second type of vessel is preferably of modular construction, with the dimensions of the individual modules chosen to permit transport in a common transporting device (for example in a 40ft container). Particularly preferably, the second ship of the second type of vessel consists of several modules which can be assembled and has two connection modules which connect the two floats perpendicular to the float longitudinal direction by means of a twistlock system, wherein a connection module has a control station module. Exemplary dimensions (length x width) are in a range of 12 x 9 meters.

Such a modular design allows for rapid disassembly and a quick and easy transport to another area of use, which is associated with a significant gain in mobility. A prototype of such a second type of vessel is shown in Figs. 2A and 2B reproduced.

Figures 2A and 2B are illustrations of a prototype of the type 2 vessel of the invention. As can be seen from the figures, the two catamaran hulls are interconnected via connecting bodies, which can be represented by a quick connect system, such as a semi-automatic twistlock system system. They can be emptied one after the other while driving, with a temporary replacement of the temporarily released cross-section during emptying, in order to prevent the escape of plastic waste, thus ensuring a continuous fishing of the driving profile. In a third watercraft type (WT3) - for example, the execution of a tanker - the plastic waste can be sorted and crushed and possibly converted into new reusable forms of energy. In addition, there is the possibility that plastic or plastic waste from passing ships - for example, cruise liners - or that appropriate waste is taken from islands to disposal. Any materials that are not recyclable may, if necessary, be landed from time to time for further processing. Watercraft of this type can meet their own energy needs through these forms of energy (gasoline, kerosene or oil - especially light fuel oil or hydrogen) or by wind energy and / or photovoltaic-based power generation. In addition, the energy generated can already be used locally for other purposes - such as for the production of drinking water used.

In the conversion - starting from plastic - u.a. Sulfur-free oil that can be used as marine fuel. Processes for converting plastic waste to oil are known in the art. Thus, for example, using pyrolytic processes from a kilogram of plastic waste about 1 liter of oil can be obtained. As tanker-type vessels of the third type of vessels (WT3) are located on the oceans, they can, for example, serve as "floating gas stations" by passing freighters, which in addition to a considerable saving in energy - usually for the transport of fuel (heavy oil) would be - an additional provision of cargo capacity that would otherwise be provided for the bunkering of environmentally harmful heavy oil for the entire passage.

FIG. 3 is a graphical representation of the overall concept for disposing of plastic waste on waters according to the present invention. According to this concept, type 1 (WT1) watercraft collect plastic waste near the shore, in front of islands and in estuaries. These vessels are stationary / passive and can be towed in lakes and seas. They are modularly configurable in size and by type of materials (through the use of different networks or filters) to be collected. The collected garbage can either by means of transport ships (T) or with the Type 2 (WT2) watercraft - as described below - are transported to the Type 3 (WT3 / Tanker) vessel.

Type 2 (WT2) vessels - cf. Fig. 2 - are intended for use in addition to the areas of the shore remote areas on the oceans and on large lakes. There they remove the plastic waste, which may be at greater depths. If necessary, these vessels can take over the plastic / plastic waste already collected by the vessels (WT1) and transport them to the tanker (WT3), where the plastic waste is recycled for reuse. The collected plastic waste can also be stored in networks specifying the storage position and transported by the subsequent transport ships to the tanker (WT3).

Type 3 (WT3) vessels pick up the plastic waste that has been brought in, sort and shred it and convert it into usable energy - such as water. in fuel - with which passing ships can be refueled.

In addition to the environmentally sound disposal and recycling of the collected plastic waste, the concept of the invention by the easy transportability of type 2 watercraft - as well as the watercraft of type 1 (WT1) - a high mobility that allows a quick response to - possibly newly identified - " Garbage islands "allowed.

According to the present invention, a first or second type of vessel means a ship, a boat, a catamaran or a raft, etc., where boats and boats may be, in particular, watercraft that are keelless or that have a keel , Here, a keyless vessel is conveniently preferred for use near the shore or in inland waters, including a vessel with two or more floats - as they have, for example, watercraft of the catamaran type - is particularly preferred. Depending on the intended use, however, other constructions, which may possibly also have two or more than two floats, are suitable. The vessels of the first or second type may be manned or unmanned. In the latter case, route finding may be by remote control or computer controlled and / or with the aid of sensors, eg able to detect obstacles and / or particulate refuse, and similar control devices similar to those known in the art ,

On the other hand, it is also possible that the vessels are operated stationary and are anchored, for example, on the bottom of the water. Such an alternative is, for example, in those cases in which the flow conditions are stored so that the waste to be collected is driven by the flow of water into the receiving devices.

In addition, the use of watercraft combinations is conceivable - such. of the type of a pushing association - in which a first combination component takes over the collecting function and the second combination unit, which provides storage capacity for the collected garbage or plastic waste, which it takes over continuously or batchwise from the first unit. Furthermore, vehicle combinations are conceivable which may have a sorting unit, which may be e.g. is able to remove the garbage collected from possibly also collected plant parts - such as e.g. Algae or aquatic plants - to separate, so as to always allow a maximum loading capacity with respect to the collected or to be scoured plastic waste.

The garbage collected by the first combination unit can be conveyed with the transport systems known from the prior art, such as belt conveyors, for example, skip belt conveyors or sling belt conveyors, or screw conveyors, such as belt conveyors. Trough conveyor screws - to be transported. Such conveyor systems - especially belt conveyors - can be conveniently used for the transfer of refuse between the various ships.

The keelless vessel of the second type, which preferably has at least two and more preferably at least two elongated, mutually parallel floating bodies (catamaran), has between the two Floats a collection device adapted to receive and collect various sized objects floating at or to a certain depth below the surface of the water. Preferably, such a device is embodied by a safety net or a sieve. In addition, however, other suitable devices - such as screens or knitted fabrics - can be used.

Since it has been found that the plastic parts to be picked up - regardless of their original shape or size - over time by mechanical stress - abrasion or crushing by the flow - or by way of disintegration - such. Decomposition - experience a reduction in size over time, the selection of the respective mesh size and the clear width of the sieves takes place from the point of view of the objects to be recorded.

Practically, the collecting nets or knitted fabrics have a mesh width of 0.8 to 20 cm, preferably from 0.8 to 10 cm and particularly preferably from 0.8 to 5 cm. Common mesh sizes which are suitable for the intended use have e.g. advantageously a mesh size of 0.8 or 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 10; 15; 20; 30 or more centimeters. Possibly. alternatively used screens have a corresponding clear width. Knitted fabric or tile intended for collecting smaller plastic waste particles have correspondingly small openings, which are for example in a range from 0.4 to 10, preferably in a range from 0.5 to 5 and particularly preferably from 1, 0 to 4, 0 mm.

The material thickness of the fibers constituting the safety nets or knitted fabrics depends on the expected mechanical load and the mechanical stability (tensile strength) of the net material. Typical fiber strengths are in a range from 0.5 to 20 mm, preferably from 0.8 to 10 mm and particularly preferably from 1, 0 to 8 mm.

It is also possible to arrange several nets knitted fabric or tile in a row - as described in relation to the watercraft type 2 - z. B. to achieve a classification of the garbage of large objects towards smaller particles or to achieve the fullest possible collection of plastic garbage or which can be used individually, depending on the size of the waste to be collected.

The material of the safety nets or sieves used is not critical, as long as they withstand the occurring mechanical stress. Suitable materials are known in the art and include e.g. Polymers - such as e.g. Polyethylene or polypropylene and / or polyester and / or polyamide or their copolymers or blends In addition, for example, the use of plant materials - such. Jute - possible, provided they meet the required stability criteria.

Further, in the first embodiment, the watercraft of the second type may be provided with water pumps which direct, for example, the amounts of water containing the smaller particles toward a safety net or a filter. Pumps suitable for transporting seawater are known in the art in large numbers and in a wide variety of variations; These include, for example, centrifugal pumps, magnetic centrifugal pumps, diaphragm pumps or solar-powered water pumps - such as photovoltaic water pumps, in which the electrical energy generally does not have to be cached. In addition, the use of solar-powered water pumps with low-temperature Stirling engines is ideal.

Type 1 and Type 2 (WT1 and WT2) vessels may have detectors capable of determining the degree of filling of a net, knit, filter or screen, in particular unmanned ones, particularly when unmanned Watercraft - to induce the demolition of the collection or Abfischvorgangs and / or emptying of the collection device used - eg in a ride-along escort vehicle or the landfill of a full device - eg a filled network (possibly with documentation of the storage position). In a later step, the stored nets can be picked up or collected by a special vessel (T) and, if necessary, later removed to a central collection point (tanker WT3). In addition, the water vehicles may have a device that allows a variable positioning with respect to the altitude of the collecting device above or below the water level. This is particularly important in view of the fact that on the large oceans of plastic waste does not float and floats on the surface, but as a "carpet" - such as the "Great Pacific Garbage Patch" initially unrecognizable to the unaided eye - in a layer that is several meters below the water surface, expands.

Thus, in particular, the type 2 water vehicles may be equipped with catching devices whose immersion depth can be varied as required. Conveniently, the catchers are designed to be particularly preferred in a range from the water level up to 50 meters below the water level, preferably in a range from the water level up to 30 meters below the water level and in the first embodiment of Type 2 water vehicles in an area that can collect plastic waste / waste from the water level up to 5 m below the water level.

Thus, in one embodiment, the present invention relates to an integrative system of watercraft for collecting and converting plastic waste in open waters, comprising at least one watercraft containing the plastic waste at sea and / or lakes and / or in the shore areas and / or or estuaries collects and optionally a transport ship which transports the collected plastic waste to at least one further watercraft, which is designed to convert the delivered plastic waste into a usable fuel form for internal combustion engines.

In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to the above integrative system of watercraft for collecting and converting plastic waste, wherein the waste plastics consist, at least in part, of a substance suitable for conversion into a substance suitable for the operation of an internal combustion engine. In another embodiment, in one embodiment, the present invention relates to the above-described integrative system in which the conversion is based on a pyrolytic process.

In another embodiment, the present invention relates to the above-described integrative system in which the propellant form is gasoline, kerosene or oil, preferably light fuel oil or hydrogen.

In a further embodiment, the present invention relates to the above-described integrative system according to which the vessel designed for the conversion of the delivered plastic waste into a fuel form usable for internal combustion engines is a tanker having at least one device for bunkering the recovered fuel.

In another embodiment, in one embodiment, the present invention relates to the above-described integrative system, according to which other vessels can be refueled from the tanker with the recovered fuel.

In addition, in one embodiment, the present invention relates to an integrative system of vessels - such as ships or boats - for collecting and / or recycling particulate contaminants from open waters, comprising at least two vessels of different sizes, for use on inland waterways and / or or for near-shore areas - and on the other - are designed for seas or large lakes. Here, a keelless first ship or boat with two floats is intended primarily for inland waters and ufemahe areas, which has at least one safety net for receiving the particulate impurities between the floats and for use on the seas or on large lakes a second Ship provided with at least two floats, which has at least two collecting nets for receiving the particulate impurities, which are arranged side by side between the floats, that a continuous, alternating intake of particulate impurities and emptying the safety nets is ensured, and at least a third ship for Seas is provided, which is designed for receiving, crushing and / or recycling of the particulate impurities, which are collected by the first ship and / or the second ship.

In a further embodiment of the integrative system described above, the aforementioned first ship has a safety net, which can be emptied while driving.

In a further embodiment of the integrative systems described above, the above-mentioned second ship consists of several modules that can be assembled and has two connection modules which connect the two floating bodies perpendicular to the floating body longitudinal direction by means of a twistlock system, wherein a connection module has a control station module.

In another embodiment of the integrative system described above, the second vessel mentioned above consists of several modules that can be accommodated in a standard 40ft container.

In a further embodiment of the integrative systems described above, the second ship has at least two collecting filters / sieves, which are arranged in the direction of travel behind the at least two collecting nets, and for receiving further particulate impurities, which is smaller than the collecting net density or smaller the mesh size of Nets are provided.

In a further embodiment of the integrative systems described above, at least one water pumping device is provided in the second vessel / boat, which supplies at least two catching filters / seven particulate impurities which are smaller than the catchment mesh density or smaller than the mesh size of the upstream networks.

In a further embodiment of the integrative systems described above, the safety nets have a mesh size of 0.8 cm.

In a further embodiment of the integrative systems described above, the collecting devices - such as safety nets or filters - are with respect to their Immersion depth in the open waters are variably adjustable and can be in a depth range of from the water level up to 50 m below the water level, preferably in a range from the water level up to 30 m below the water level and particularly preferably in a range from the water level up to 5 m below the water level, collect plastic garbage.

In a further embodiment of the integrative systems described above, the particulate contaminants consist of plastics and / or plastic-containing parts, such as composite materials.

In addition, the present invention relates to an integrative method for collecting and / or recycling particulate contaminants from open waters with a system of ships or boats consisting of at least two vessels of different sizes, designed for inland waterways and near-shore areas and for seas are in inland waters and near shore areas a keelless first vessel or boat is used with two floats, which receives particulate impurities by means of at least one safety net between the floats, and in seas or lakes a second ship is used with at least two floats, which consists of several Assembled modules and at least two collecting nets for receiving the particulate impurities, which are arranged side by side between the floats, that the particulate contaminants received continuously and alternately and at least one further third ship is provided in the seas, which receives, shreds and / or recycles the particulate impurities collected by the first ship and / or the second ship.

In a further embodiment of the method described above, the first ship has a safety net, which can be emptied while driving. In a further embodiment of the method described above, the second ship is assembled by connecting the two floating bodies with two connecting modules which connect the two floating bodies perpendicular to the floating body longitudinal direction by means of a twistlock system, wherein a connecting module has a control station module.

In another embodiment of the method described above, all modules of the system can be housed in a standard 40 foot container.

In a further embodiment of the method described above, the second ship has at least two collecting filters / sieves, which are arranged in the direction of travel behind the at least two collecting nets, other particulate impurities, which are smaller than the collection mesh density or smaller mesh size of the networks are record ,

In a further embodiment of the method described above, the at least one water pumping device delivers particulate impurities to the at least two collecting filters, which are smaller than the collecting net density or smaller than the mesh size of the nets.

In a further embodiment of the methods described above, safety nets can be variably adjusted in their depth of submersion into the open water and can reach a depth range of from the water level up to 50 m below the water level, preferably in a range from the water level up to 30 m below the water level Water level, and more preferably in an area that extends from the water level up to 5 m below the water level, collect plastic waste / garbage.

In addition, the present invention relates to the use of an integrative system of ships or boats according to the above mentioned. Description for the collection and / or recycling of particulate contaminants from open waters.

Further advantageous embodiments are the subject of the other dependent claims. The according to the application integrative system and corresponding method offers the further advantage that, for example, on each of the vessels (types 1, 2 and 3) can always be carried an oil and chemical binder, preferably for sucking and permanent binding of oil and chemicals and other hydrophobic liquids. Is this oil and chemical binder preferably water-insoluble and has no water absorption, it is achieved that in addition to the treatment of plastic waste and the collection of environmentally harmful elements such as oil and / or chemicals the water protection is given special recognition. It is conceivable that in the case of an oil and chemical binder which has a high and rapid absorption capacity, preferably up to ten times the amount of its own weight. Thus, for example, in an oil warehousing, only the oil is taken up, which is then released again from the binder via a simple pressing process and thus made available for further processing.

Due to the registration-compliant integrative system thus carrying the binder is given on each vessel another option of civil protection, with the permanent replacement of the respective watercraft type 1, type 2 and / or type 3, for example, which provided with the oil or chemicals Oil and chemical binders can be positioned at the respective water stations and, if appropriate, can be given centrally to the watercraft type 3, on which in particular the treatment of oil for the refueling ships to be refueled is possible.

It has been found that it is particularly advantageous if the oil or chemical binder in addition to the water insolubility and avoidance of water absorption also has the property of a simple separation of water, which also provides a long-term storage stability, especially in the water. One of the special oil and chemical binders suitable for this purpose and for the integrative system according to the application is, for example, that of the Deurex AG registered under the trademark "DEUREX ^® PURE" binder. This recyclable oil Chemiekalienbindemittel is especially true for the integration and use in the according to the application system, and running the according to the application process, since it is still inert addition, no chemical Reaction with other products, has an extremely large surface> 3 m ² / g and is also extremely easy.

Claims

claims

An integrative system of watercraft for collecting and converting plastic waste in open waters, comprising at least one watercraft collecting the plastic waste at sea, on lakes and / or in shorelines and / or estuaries and optionally a transport ship which collects the collected plastic waste to at least one transported further watercraft, which is designed to convert the delivered plastic waste in a fuel usable form for internal combustion engines.

2. Integrative system according to claim 1, characterized in that the plastic waste consists at least in part of a suitable for conversion into a suitable for the operation of an internal combustion engine substance.

3. Integrative system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the conversion is based on a pyrolytic process.

4. Integrative system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the fuel form gasoline, kerosene or oil, in particular light fuel oil or hydrogen embodies.

Integrative system according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the vessel designed to convert the delivered plastic waste into a fuel usable form for internal combustion engines is a tanker having at least one device for bunkering the recovered fuel.

6. Integrative system according to claim 5, characterized in that other vessels can be refueled from the tanker with the recovered fuel.

7. Integrative system of ships or boats for the collection and / or recycling of particulate pollutants from open waters, consisting of at least two vessels of different sizes, designed for inland waters and near-shore areas and for seas, including inland waterways and shallow water A keelless first vessel or boat is provided with two floats, which has at least one safety net for receiving the particulate impurities between the floats, and for seas a second ship is provided with at least two floats, which has at least two collecting nets for receiving the particulate impurities , which are arranged side by side between the floats, that a continuous, alternating inclusion of the particulate impurities and emptying the safety nets is ensured, and at least a third ship is provided for seas, w elk for receiving, crushing and / or recycling of the particulate contaminants, which are collected by the first ship and / or the second ship is designed.

8. System according to claim 7, characterized in that the first ship has a safety net which can be emptied while driving.

9. System according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the second vessel is composed of a plurality of modules and has two connection modules which connect the two floating bodies perpendicular to the floating body longitudinal direction by means of a twistlock system, wherein a connection module comprises a control station module.

10. System according to claim 9, characterized in that all modules of the system can be accommodated in a standard 40-foot container.

1 1. A system according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that at least two collecting filters / sieves, which are arranged in the direction of travel behind the at least two collecting nets, for receiving further particulate Impurities which are smaller than the mesh size of the safety nets are provided.

12. System according to claim 1 1, characterized in that a water pumping device is provided which supplies the at least two collecting filters particulate impurities, which are smaller than the mesh size of the collecting nets.

13. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the collecting nets have a mesh size of 0.8 cm.

14. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the collecting devices are variably adjustable in their immersion depth in the open water and in a depth range of the water level up to 50 m below the water level, preferably in a range from the water level up to 30 m below the water level, and particularly preferably in an area that extends from the water level up to 5 m below the water level, plastic waste / plastic waste can collect.

15. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the particulate contaminants are plastics and / or plastic-containing particles.

16. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in addition oil and chemical binder is carried on at least one of the vessels.

17. System according to claim 16, characterized in that the oil and chemical binder is water-insoluble, has no water absorption, and / or the oil and the chemicals can be removed without residue from the binder.

18. An integrated method of collecting and / or recycling particulate contaminants from open waters using a system of vessels or boats consisting of at least two vessels of different sizes, which are assigned to one for inland waters and near-shore areas, and the other for seas, with a keelless first vessel or boat employing two floats in inland waters and near-shore areas, which receives particulate pollutants by means of at least one trap between the floats, and a second vessel in seas is used with at least two floats, which is composed of several modules and having at least two collecting nets for receiving the particulate contaminants, which are arranged side by side between the floats, that the particulate impurities are continuously and alternately taken up and emptied, and at least one in seas another third ship is provided, which receives the particulate impurities collected by the first ship and / or the second ship, crushed and / or recycled.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that the second ship is assembled by connecting the two floating bodies with two connection modules which connect the two floating bodies perpendicular to the floating body longitudinal direction by means of a twistlock system, wherein a connection module has a control station module.

20. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 19, characterized in that at least two collecting filters / sieves, which are arranged in the direction of travel behind the at least two collecting nets, further particulate impurities, which are smaller than the collecting net density record.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that a water pumping device to the at least two collecting filters particulate impurities, which are smaller than the safety net density, feeds.

22. The method according to any one of claims 16 - 21, characterized in that the collecting devices can be variably adjusted in their immersion depth in the open water and in a depth range of the water level up to 50 m below the water level, preferably in a range of Water level up to 30 m below the water level and particularly preferred In an area that extends from the water level to 5 m below the water level, plastic waste can be collected.

23. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 22, characterized in that an oil and chemical binder is applied and collected on the watercraft.

24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that the collected and provided with oil and / or chemicals binder is recycled on the vessels and preferably the oil is processed on the vessels for further use and the oil and chemical binder is reused.

25. Use of an integrative system of watercraft and / or ships or boats according to any one of claims 1 to 17 for collecting and / or recycling particulate contaminants from open waters.