WO2014188289A1 - Turbine à axe vertical ayant des pales mobiles oscillantes - Google Patents

Turbine à axe vertical ayant des pales mobiles oscillantes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014188289A1
WO2014188289A1 PCT/IB2014/061058 IB2014061058W WO2014188289A1 WO 2014188289 A1 WO2014188289 A1 WO 2014188289A1 IB 2014061058 W IB2014061058 W IB 2014061058W WO 2014188289 A1 WO2014188289 A1 WO 2014188289A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
blade
axis
rotation
oscillation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2014/061058
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Amedeo PIMPINI
Original Assignee
Pimpini Amedeo
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pimpini Amedeo filed Critical Pimpini Amedeo
Publication of WO2014188289A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014188289A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F03D3/062—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D3/066—Rotors characterised by their construction elements the wind engaging parts being movable relative to the rotor
    • F03D3/067—Cyclic movements
    • F03D3/068—Cyclic movements mechanically controlled by the rotor structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
    • F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
    • F05B2240/214—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis of the Musgrove or "H"-type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05B2240/301—Cross-section characteristics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cycloturbine with oscillating mobile blades, in particular a cycloturbine of the type with a vertical-axis rotor, and falls within the field of generating machines for converting the energy of a fluid stream (preferably wind energy but, alternatively, also the energy of marine currents) into electricity.
  • a fluid stream preferably wind energy but, alternatively, also the energy of marine currents
  • Patent application US2011/0116924 envisages a rotation of the blades having a frequency equal to half the rotation frequency and employs a vane and a transmission of movement achieved with a pair of chains.
  • the two blades can be of the airfoil type, elliptical and symmetrically shaped, since each wing offers its ends to the wind alternatively.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a cycloturbine with oscillating mobile blades capable of remedying the aforesaid problems.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a side view of a cycloturbine according to the present invention
  • figure 2 shows a section view, along a transverse plane, of a blade used in the cycloturbine of figure 1 ;
  • FIG. 3-5 are schematic representations of the operation of the cycloturbine of figure 1 ;
  • figure 6 represents a support arm belonging to the cycloturbine of figure 1 , in a first operating configuration
  • figure 7 represents the support arm of figure 6 in a different operating configuration
  • figure 8 represents a partially schematized section view, along a vertical plane, of the support arm of figure 6;
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a schematized side view of a cycloturbine according to the present invention, and in accordance with a variant embodiment
  • FIG. 10 is an enlarged representation of a detail of the cycloturbine in figure 9.
  • 1 represents overall a cycloturbine in accordance with the present invention.
  • the cycloturbine 1 is adapted to be coupled to an electric generator (alternator), not illustrated.
  • the cycloturbine 1 is usable in a fluid stream, preferably wind, but could alternatively be used immersed in a liquid, for example to generate electricity from marine currents.
  • the cycloturbine 1 comprises a rotor 2 able to rotate about a vertical rotation axis "X" and comprising, in the embodiment illustrated, a shaft 3 disposed along the axis "X" (and connected to an alternator, not illustrated) and a plurality of arms 4 fixed to the shaft 3 and oriented in a radial direction.
  • the shaft 3 rests upon the ground by means of a base 5.
  • the arms are horizontal and their number can be any whatsoever, preferably greater than four, and they are angularly equally spaced about the axis "X" of the rotor 2.
  • each arm 2 opposite the axis "X” a blade 6 is rotatably applied in a configuration such as to make the blade 6 rotatable about a respective axis of oscillation "Y" parallel to the axis "X" of the rotor 2.
  • each blade 6 has two opposite vertices 6a, 6b defining a chord "C" joining them, and a curved shape defining on one side a convex back 6c ("suction surface") and on the opposite side a concave belly 6d.
  • the blades 6 are symmetrical relative to a vertical plane parallel with the respective axis of oscillation ⁇ " and preferably containing tale axis of oscillation ⁇ ". This feature has a particular function that will be illustrated below.
  • the axis of oscillation "Y" coincides with a main direction of extension of the blade 6.
  • pairs of blades 6 are provided in which the two blades 6 of each pair are placed one on top of the other and preferably aligned with the respective coinciding axes of oscillation "Y".
  • Y coinciding axes of oscillation
  • the blades 6 of each pair are positioned on opposite sides of the respective arm 4, in particular one above and one below.
  • horizontal and/or inclined ties "T" are provided to connect opposite sides of the cycloturbine 1, in particular axial ends of specific supports 7 of the blades 6, on which the latter are rotatably applied.
  • the cycloturbine 1 further comprises movement means acting on the blades 6 so as to vary the orientation of the blades 6 relative to the rotor 2 about the respective axes of oscillation "Y".
  • the movement means are configured in such a way that they cause an alternating oscillation of each blade 6 about the respective axis of oscillation "Y" according to a frequency which is double the frequency of rotation of the rotor 2.
  • the term "oscillation” means a continuous alternating movement, preferably (but not limitedly) of sinusoidal amplitude, which leads the blades 6 to move in rotation between two extreme positions.
  • the movement means are configured in such a way as to impart to a each blade 6 an angle of oscillation, about the respective axis ⁇ ", having an amplitude of between +45° and -45°, and preferably with a maximum travel of +45° and -45°, relative to a radial direction with reference to the axis of rotation "X" of the rotor 2 (the angle and radial direction are determined making reference to the above- mentioned chord "C" of the blade 6).
  • the configuration taken on by the blades 6 is obtained as the sum of a dragging movement, given by the rotation of the rotor 2 about the axis of rotation "X”, and a relative movement of rotation of each blade 6 about the respective axis of oscillation "Y" between the two extreme positions of amplitude.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show some of the positions taken on by a blade 6 during rotation of the rotor 2, in particular every 45°.
  • the movement means cause the following movements of each blade 6:
  • the movement means position the blade 6 with the respective chord "C" substantially in a radial direction relative to the axis of rotation "X" of the rotor 2, i.e. with an orientation which defines an angle of 0° formed between the chord "C" and the radial direction.
  • the movement means position the blade 6 with the respective chord "C" according to an orientation forming, relative to the aforesaid radial direction, an angle "a” equal to ⁇ 45° (the + or - sign is determined by the specific quadrant considered, since the direction of oscillation varies four times in a complete rotation cycle of the rotor 2).
  • the movement means therefore, ensure that:
  • each blade when it is in the first quadrant ⁇ ", will exploit the effect of the "suction surface" 6c, using the lift of the airfoil shape of the blade 6 itself while maintaining the blade 6 oriented in such a way as to maintain a constant/optimal angle relative to the wind direction;
  • each blade 6 is oriented with the back 6c in the same direction as the wind in order exploit the effect CX (the wind presses on the concave belly 6d of the blade 6, thus obtaining maximum thrust efficacy);
  • the blade 6 is oriented in such a way as once again to exploit the effect of the "suction surface” 6b (which has an opposite direction relative to the first quadrant, but which, being on the opposite of the axis "X" of the rotor 2, contributes in a direction that is concordant with generation of torque) while maintaining a constant/optimal angle relative to the wind direction; and
  • the blade 6 offers its back 6c to the wind, hence the side opposite the one offered to the wind in the second quadrant "II".
  • the effect of the "suction surface" 6c created in the first and third quadrants advantageously serves to impart to the cycloturbine according to the invention a marked torque even from a stationary position and at any angle assumed by the rotor 2 when it starts.
  • the blades 6 rotate continuously about the respective axes of oscillation "Y", in particular with an angular speed equal to double the angular speed of rotation of the rotor 2, in such a way that a double frequency of rotation cycles is obtained relative to the rotor 2.
  • Figure 5 shows the (symmetrical) pattern of the angle of oscillation "a” according to the angular position assumed by the blade 6 about the axis "X" of the rotor 2.
  • Figures 6-8 show a preferred embodiment of the movement means.
  • the movement means comprise, for each blade 6, a respective connecting rod - crank mechanism 8, 9 mounted on the rotor 2, wherein the crank 8 is rotatable about a respective axis "X", fixed relative to the rotor 2 and parallel to the axis of rotation "X"
  • crank 8 is defined by a gear wheel upon which one end of the connecting rod 9 (opposite the other end of the connecting rod 9, hinged to the blade 6 in an off-centre position) is rotatably applied in an off-centre position.
  • crank 8 is driven in rotation by the rotor 2, directly by engaging with a gear wheel 10 (or a rack) which is stationary and coaxial
  • the diameter of the gear wheel defining the crank 8 is equal to half the diameter of the gear wheel 10 (or rack).
  • the term "stationary”, in reference to the gear wheel 10, means that the gear wheel 0 does not rotate together with rotor 2 but is on the contrary fixed, preferably removably fixed to a fixed part of the cycloturbine 1.
  • each arm 4 has a diametrical extent and supports a pair of diametrically opposed blades 6. The same arm 4 thus
  • the rotation of the arm 4 about the axis "X" of the rotor 2 determines a revolution movement of the gear wheel defining the crank 8, which, being engaged with the gear wheel 10, rotates at a double speed, driving the blades 6 at a frequency that is double the frequency of rotation of the rotor 2.
  • the cycloturbine 1 further comprises means for detecting the wind direction and correcting means acting on the movement means so as to angularly translate, about the axis of rotation "X" of the rotor and depending on the wind direction "D", the distribution of the configurations taken on by the blades (Y) during the rotation of the rotor 2.
  • the correcting means have the function of orienting the blades 6 always in the optimal direction relative to the wind, since the latter is changeable and a logic of fixed oscillation of the blades 6 would not ensure sufficient effectiveness in capturing wind energy.
  • the correcting means have the effect of angularly translating, about the axis "X" of the rotor 2, each instantaneous configuration taken on by the blades 6, thus rendering it optimal relative to the current wind direction "D".
  • the correcting means comprise an electric motor 11 acting on the stationary gear wheel 10 (or rack) so as to vary the angular position of the gear wheel 10 itself about the axis of rotation "X" of the rotor 2.
  • This rotation of the stationary gear wheel 10 has the effect of correcting the inclination of the blades 6 about the respective axes of oscillation "Y", adapting it to the current wind direction "D".
  • the electric motor 11 as well, like the stationary gear wheel 10, is mounted on a fixed structure that is not rotatable together with the rotor 2.
  • the movement means (gear wheels, etc..) are enclosed within a volume filled with an oil bath 12, as can be seen in figure 8.
  • auxiliary gear wheel (15) engaged with the stationary gear wheel (10) or rack and connected to a detector (16) rotationally coupled to the auxiliary gear wheel (15).
  • the wind direction "D" is detected by means of a detached apparatus (for example, common to a plurality of cycloturbines making up a same installation) which transmits, to a control unit, the wind direction in the form of an electric signal that ranges from a minimum value to a maximum value.
  • the angular position of the blades 6 is detected by means of a respective electrical sensor which transmits to the control unit a corresponding electric signal that ranges from a minimum to a maximum.
  • the control unit then actuates the electric motor 11 so as to ensure that the values of the two signals are equal or in any case compatibly close, thus optimizing the efficiency of the cycloturbine.
  • Figure 9 shows a variant embodiment of the invention, which differs from the previously described embodiment in that the arms 4 are not horizontal, but rather form an acute angle relative to the horizontal, despite being arranged in a spoke-like fashion about the shaft 3.
  • the blades 6 (not shown in figure 9) are positioned with their axis of oscillation "Y" parallel and preferably coinciding with the direction of extension of the arms 4. In other words, the blades 6 extend along the arms 4.
  • the movement means (and in particular the connecting rod-crank mechanism 8, 9) have an additional joint 14 positioned on the connecting rod 9 in such a way as to obtain a solution with a double hinged connecting rod, wherein the two connecting rods 9a, 9b are inclined relative to each other (the first connecting rod 9a positioned horizontally and the second connecting rod 9b positioned perpendicularly to the axis of oscillation "Y" of the respective blade 6).
  • top ties "T" to endow the rotor with greater resistance to the centrifugal forces acting on the arms 4.
  • the present invention achieves the proposed objects, overcoming the drawbacks complained of it the prior art.
  • the operating logic of the cycloturbine according to the present invention in particular a double oscillation frequency of the blades relative to the rotor frequency, makes it possible to optimize efficiency in the interaction between blades and fluid stream (wind, marine currents) and hence to maximize the specific output capacity.
  • the cycloturbine according to the invention being able to vary the orientation of the blades four times during a complete revolution of the rotor, enables the output torque to be distributed over at least three quarters of the revolution, with a beneficial impact on the vibrations generated (and consequently on the sizing of the members).
  • the cycloturbine according to the invention is capable of self-starting from a stationary position without require additional starting apparatus.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Passenger Equipment (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une éolienne à pales mobiles, comprenant un rotor (2) pouvant tourner autour d'un axe (X), une pluralité de pales (6) montées sur le rotor (2) de façon à pouvoir tourner autour d'axes d'oscillation (Y) respectifs, et des moyens de déplacement (7, 8, 9, 10 ; 14) agissant sur les pales (6) pour faire varier l'orientation des pales (6) par rapport au rotor (2) autour desdits axes d'oscillation (Y) respectifs, les moyens de déplacement (7, 8, 9, 10 ; 14) étant conçus de façon à provoquer une oscillation en va-et-vient de chaque pale (6) autour de l'axe d'oscillation (Y) respectif selon une fréquence qui est égale au double de la fréquence de rotation du rotor (2).
PCT/IB2014/061058 2013-05-20 2014-04-28 Turbine à axe vertical ayant des pales mobiles oscillantes WO2014188289A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000115A ITFI20130115A1 (it) 2013-05-20 2013-05-20 Cicloturbina a pale mobili oscillanti
ITFI2013A000115 2013-05-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014188289A1 true WO2014188289A1 (fr) 2014-11-27

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PCT/IB2014/061058 WO2014188289A1 (fr) 2013-05-20 2014-04-28 Turbine à axe vertical ayant des pales mobiles oscillantes

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IT (1) ITFI20130115A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014188289A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021018353A1 (fr) 2019-07-27 2021-02-04 Siva Raghuram Prasad Chennupati Hélice universelle, procédé de fonctionnement et utilisations privilégiées

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1515894A (en) * 1974-06-26 1978-06-28 Schneider D Fluid driven power producing apparatus
US4380417A (en) * 1979-07-11 1983-04-19 J. M. Voith Gmbh Installation operated with wind or water power
US4383801A (en) 1981-03-02 1983-05-17 Pryor Dale H Wind turbine with adjustable air foils
EP1835173A2 (fr) * 2006-03-14 2007-09-19 Siegel Aerodynamics, Inc. Hélice cyclique avec émission de tourbillons
US20080095608A1 (en) * 2006-08-07 2008-04-24 Boatner Bruce E Vertical axis wind turbine with articulating rotor
US20110076144A1 (en) * 2009-08-25 2011-03-31 Lucas Jeffrey M Fluid Interacting Device
US20110116924A1 (en) 2008-07-28 2011-05-19 Energia Vawt Maciej Pawel Zurek Method for controlling a driving blade with respect to the wind direction, in particular in a wind and water engine with an axis perpendicular to the wind direction and a wind engine having an axis perpendicular to the wind direction with a driving blade controlled with respect to the wind direction
WO2011127420A1 (fr) * 2010-04-09 2011-10-13 Gift Technologies, Llc Surfaces portantes d'éolienne à éléments multiples et éoliennes intégrant celles-ci

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1515894A (en) * 1974-06-26 1978-06-28 Schneider D Fluid driven power producing apparatus
US4380417A (en) * 1979-07-11 1983-04-19 J. M. Voith Gmbh Installation operated with wind or water power
US4383801A (en) 1981-03-02 1983-05-17 Pryor Dale H Wind turbine with adjustable air foils
EP1835173A2 (fr) * 2006-03-14 2007-09-19 Siegel Aerodynamics, Inc. Hélice cyclique avec émission de tourbillons
US20080095608A1 (en) * 2006-08-07 2008-04-24 Boatner Bruce E Vertical axis wind turbine with articulating rotor
US20110116924A1 (en) 2008-07-28 2011-05-19 Energia Vawt Maciej Pawel Zurek Method for controlling a driving blade with respect to the wind direction, in particular in a wind and water engine with an axis perpendicular to the wind direction and a wind engine having an axis perpendicular to the wind direction with a driving blade controlled with respect to the wind direction
US20110076144A1 (en) * 2009-08-25 2011-03-31 Lucas Jeffrey M Fluid Interacting Device
WO2011127420A1 (fr) * 2010-04-09 2011-10-13 Gift Technologies, Llc Surfaces portantes d'éolienne à éléments multiples et éoliennes intégrant celles-ci

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021018353A1 (fr) 2019-07-27 2021-02-04 Siva Raghuram Prasad Chennupati Hélice universelle, procédé de fonctionnement et utilisations privilégiées

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITFI20130115A1 (it) 2014-11-21

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