WO2014188031A1 - Load-lifting device comprising an intermediate rotary rolling element elastically connected to the main body of the jack - Google Patents

Load-lifting device comprising an intermediate rotary rolling element elastically connected to the main body of the jack Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014188031A1
WO2014188031A1 PCT/ES2014/070354 ES2014070354W WO2014188031A1 WO 2014188031 A1 WO2014188031 A1 WO 2014188031A1 ES 2014070354 W ES2014070354 W ES 2014070354W WO 2014188031 A1 WO2014188031 A1 WO 2014188031A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rolling element
main body
rolling elements
intermediate rotating
jack
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2014/070354
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Antonio Martinez Martinez
Original Assignee
Melchor Gabilondo, S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Melchor Gabilondo, S.A. filed Critical Melchor Gabilondo, S.A.
Priority to EP14801403.8A priority Critical patent/EP3000767A4/en
Publication of WO2014188031A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014188031A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F5/00—Mobile jacks of the garage type mounted on wheels or rollers
    • B66F5/04—Mobile jacks of the garage type mounted on wheels or rollers with fluid-pressure-operated lifting gear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F5/00—Mobile jacks of the garage type mounted on wheels or rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F7/00—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts
    • B66F7/06—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts with platforms supported by levers for vertical movement
    • B66F7/0625—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts with platforms supported by levers for vertical movement with wheels for moving around the floor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to load lifting apparatus, for example a truck jack of the type of those assisting in the lifting of vehicles or other objects of high weight.
  • load lifting apparatuses In the state of the art, very diverse load lifting apparatuses are known, to allow the lifting of objects of high weight, for example of vehicles. Some devices of this type are the jacks (truck, bottle, etc.) that lift the load by pushing it from below, and the cranes, which raise the load by pulling it from above. Occasionally, load lifting devices include wheels to move relative to the ground.
  • a wheelbarrow jack generally comprises a main body, with respect to which some type of lifting element is disposed mobile that, duly acted by means of a hydraulic system or similar, is capable of lifting exerting sufficient force under the vehicle or heavy object to cause its elevation
  • lifting elements are an articulated lifting arm, a telescopic mechanism capable of extending vertically or inclined, and in any case with a vertical component facing up, etc.
  • the truck jack comprises drive means so that the user can cause the hydraulic system or the like to act and the consequent rise of the lifting element.
  • the jack comprises drive means for allow the controlled descent of the lifting element, said descent having to be carried out in a controlled manner since generally the lifting element is lowered in load, that is, while supporting the weight of the vehicle, and therefore to ensure safety it is vital to avoid imbalances , overturns or falls.
  • Known wheelbarrow jacks are capable of moving by wheels, rollers or other rolling elements comprised in the main body. Since the main body is generally very close to the ground and has a relatively reduced height, the cats usually comprise a lever that projects from the main body up to provide the user with a grip area to pull or on which push to move the cat from side to side, or to turn the car.
  • the jack has two swivel wheels in its rear area (area closest to the lever and therefore to the user) and two fixed wheels in its front area .
  • Another known solution is that the jack also has an additional fixed wheel placed on a lifting element in the form of a folding arm, where said additional fixed wheel only rests on the ground when the arm is not raised. In this case, when the ascent of the lifting element occurs, the additional fixed wheel is raised together with said lifting element and the jack is then supported on the two remaining fixed wheels and on the two rotating wheels. On the other hand, if the lifting element is not raised, the fixed wheel rests on the ground.
  • Wheelbarrow jacks are devices that can have a fairly high weight. For example, a cat capable of lifting 2 tons it can weigh approximately 45 kg; A cat capable of lifting 6 tons can weigh 81 kg.
  • the invention has as a particular objective the design of a wheelbarrow jack that simplifies and facilitates the realization of turns thereof, reducing the effort that the user must make. This is intended to improve the maneuverability of the cat to facilitate its positioning, for example to facilitate the user the action of positioning the cat properly with respect to the vehicle before proceeding to lift it.
  • the aim of the invention is to achieve a load lifting apparatus that, being provided with wheels or rolling elements to move along the ground, has improved maneuverability with respect to conventional rolling load lifting devices.
  • the object of the invention is a load lifting apparatus, comprising a main body with respect to which a lifting element is capable of ascending or descending to lift a heavy object, wherein said lifting element comprises a force apiicator capable of exerting an ascending force on the object.
  • the body The main one can rest and move on a floor by means of rolling elements.
  • the apparatus according to the invention has the particularity that it comprises at least one rear rolling element, located in a rear area of the user-operated apparatus for maneuvering with the apparatus; at least one front rolling element, located in a front zone of the apparatus closer to the force applicator than the rear zone; and an intermediate rotating rolling element.
  • the intermediate rotating rolling element is connected to the main body by an elastic element.
  • Said elastic element tends to cause a separation of the intermediate rotating rolling element with respect to the main body until all the rolling elements (front, rear and intermediate rotating) are not in the same plane.
  • said elastic element is capable of deforming until the rolling elements become in the same plane.
  • the intermediate rotating rolling element is located between the rear zone and the front zone. Also according to the invention, the proportion of mass of the apparatus distributed between the intermediate rotating rolling element and the rear rolling element is greater than the proportion of distributed mass between the intermediate rotating rolling element and the front rolling element. That is, the center of gravity is behind the intermediate rotating rolling element.
  • the apparatus according to the invention operates as follows. In the absence of a load, that is, by not exerting a force on the force applicator of the apparatus on the object, the elastic element separates the intermediate rotating rolling element sufficiently that the rolling elements of the apparatus are not in the same plane. Consequently, as a consequence of the position of the center of gravity and the action of the force of gravity, the rear rolling elements and the intermediate rotating rolling element are supported on the ground, the front rolling elements remaining in the air. On the other hand, in a load situation, in which the lifting element is exerting an ascending force on a heavy object and consequently receiving the corresponding reaction force of the heavy object, the elastic element is sufficiently loosed so that all rolling elements happen to be in the same plane and therefore the front rolling elements rest on the ground.
  • the apparatus according to the invention has the following advantages.
  • the fact of having an intermediate rotating rolling element closer to the rear area of the apparatus (zone operated by the user to maneuver with the apparatus) than the front rolling elements added to the fact that in the absence of loading the front rolling elements do not rest on the ground, it allows the device to be equipped with great maneuverability.
  • Maneuverability means that the rotation of the front area of the apparatus is maximized, where the force squeezer or area of the lifting element that pushes the heavy object is generally located, for the same angle of rotation of the rear area of the apparatus, where there is the operating lever or other actuation means operated by the user.
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention, in this case in the form of a wheelbarrow jack.
  • FIG. 2 shows a side view of the cat of Figure 1 in an unloading or resting situation.
  • FIG. 3 shows a front view in enlarged section, in accordance with section plane A-A illustrated in Figure 2.
  • Figure 4 shows a side view of the cat of Figure 1 under load.
  • FIG. 5 shows a front view in enlarged section, in accordance with section plane B-B illustrated in Figure 4.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a load lifting apparatus according to the invention.
  • the load lifting apparatus is a jack (1) of the type known as a truck jack.
  • the jack (1) comprises a main body (2) with respect to which it is capable of ascending or descending a lifting element (3) intended to exert a force on a heavy object to produce the elevation of the same and also intended to support the heavy object during the descent operation thereof.
  • the lifting element (3) is a lifting arm capable of folding with respect to the main body (2), as indicated by an arrow (4).
  • the lifting element (3) has a force apiicator (5) at its end, said force apiicator (5) being precisely the area in charge of exerting the ascending force on the object to produce its elevation.
  • the force squeezer (5) is a flat circular surface intended to come into contact with the bottom of a vehicle or with a lower surface of the object to be raised.
  • the cat (1) has been represented resting on a floor (6).
  • the main body (2) can move with respect to said floor (6) by means of various rolling elements. More concretely, and! jack (1) comprises at least one rear rolling element (7) located in a rear area (8) of the jack (1).
  • the rear area (8) of the jack (1) is the area that is user-operated to maneuver with the jack (1), specifically acting on a handle (9a) of a drive lever (9), in this particular case , the jack (1) comprises two rear rolling elements (7) in the form of fixed wheels, that is, two rear wheels whose axis of rotation does not change direction.
  • the jack (1) comprises at least one front rolling element (10) located in a front area (1 1) of the apparatus closer to the force applicator (5) than the rear area (8).
  • the front rolling element (10) is a single cylinder or roller that is fixed, that is, whose axis of rotation does not change direction.
  • the jack (1) also comprises an intermediate rotating rolling element (12).
  • the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) is a wheel that is capable of rotating on itself along a central axis of rotation (13) to be able to roll with respect to the ground (6).
  • the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) is also capable of rotating also with respect to a vertical axis of rotation (14), causing the axis of rotation (13) to have a variable direction.
  • the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) is elastically fixed to the main body (2) allowing said elastic connection that the vertical position of the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) can vary. By elastic connection it is understood that the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) is fixed to the main body (2) by means of an elastic element (18).
  • the proportion of mass of the jack (1) distributed between the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) and the rear rolling elements (7) is greater than the proportion of distributed mass between the intermediate rotating rolling element ( 12) and the front rolling element (10). That is, the center of gravity of the jack (1), in the absence of load, is located behind the intermediate rotating rolling element (12), between the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) and the rear area (8) of the jack (1). ).
  • FIG. 2 A schematic side view of the jack (1) of Figure 1 is shown in Figure 2 in a situation in which the lifting element (3) is find down against e! main body! (2) and in which the jack (1) is devoid of charge, that is, it is not exerting a force on an object.
  • the lowest points of the rolling elements (7, 1, 1, 12) are not in the same plane, but the lowest point of the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) is below of an imaginary plane (15) that joins the lowest points of the rear rolling elements (7) and the front rolling element (10).
  • Figure 3 shows a front sectional view of the jack (1) of the previous figure, in which it is clearly seen that the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) is fixed to the main body (2) by means of an elastic element (16), which in this case has the form of a strap that extends between two inner walls (2a, 2b) of the main body (2).
  • the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) is fixed to the central area of said strap and is capable of varying its height depending on the deformation of the strap.
  • Figure 4 shows the jack (1) of Figure 2 in a load situation, that is, in a situation in which the lifting element (3) is exerting a force on a heavy object (17), schematically represented as a irregular polygon, and consequently the object (17) exerts a reaction force (F) on the lifting element (3).
  • the lifting element (3) is shown in its lowest position, even if it has not started to turn upwards as indicated by the arrow (4).
  • the reaction force (F) on the lifting element (3) is transferred to the main body (2), by be the lifting element (3) fixed to it.
  • the reaction force (F) applied on the main body (2) causes the main body (2) to descend with respect to the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) while the elastic element (16) is flexed.
  • the elastic element (16) flexes sufficiently so that the front rolling element (10) rests on the ground, as can be seen in the figure.
  • the front rolling element (10) starts to support the weight of the object (17), the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) not having to support it, which has a lower capacity to support weight by the Made of being rotating.
  • Figure 5 shows a front sectional view of the jack (1) of the previous figure, in which it is clearly seen that the elastic element (16) has been deformed allowing the descent of the main body (2) with respect to the rolling element intermediate swivel (12) that is resting on the floor (6).
  • the elastic element (16) is configured so that it exerts an elastic force that tends to cause the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) to descend with respect to the main body (2) until the lowest points of the rolling elements (7 , 10, 12) are not found are not in the same plane. That is, it tends to return the jack (1) to the rest situation of Figure 2, in which the lowest point of the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) rests on the ground while the lowest point of the rolling element Front (10) is in the air. Therefore, in the absence of load, the jack (1) automatically returns to said resting situation.
  • Figures 6, 7 and 8 show schematic top views of two cats known in the state of the art and of the cat (1) according to the invention represented in the previous figures, in order to illustrate the improvement in maneuverability achieved in the cat of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 shows a conventional jack (100) equipped with two rear wheels (107) rotating in its rear area (108), two front wheels (1 10) fixed in its front area (1 1 1), and a lever drive (109) located in its rear area (108).
  • a lever drive (109) located in its rear area (108).
  • the turning point (150) of this first conventional jack is between the fixed and equidistant front wheels (1 10), in front of the force applicator (105) (jack zone (1) intended to exercise the force on the object to be raised).
  • the handle (109a) of the operating lever (109) an arc (A1) as illustrated in the figure, the rotation of the practically zero front area (1 1 1) is caused, and a rotation of the very small force applicator (105), indicated by the arc (B1). That is, the user must rotate the rear area (108) of the jack (100) enormously to achieve a very small rotation of the front area (1 1 1) and the force applicator (105), thus requiring a great effort.
  • Figure 7 shows another conventional jack (200), in this case equipped with two rear wheels (207) rotating in its rear area (208), two front wheels (210) fixed in its front area (21 1) and a fixed wheel intermediate (212).
  • the intermediate fixed wheel (212) because it is fixed, serves as the turning point (250) of the jack. Therefore, a turning arc (A2) similar to the turning arc (A1) of the previous figure causes the force applicator (205) to rotate an arc (B2) larger than the arc (B1) of the previous figure.
  • FIG. 8 shows the jack according to the invention, provided with two rear wheels or rolling elements (7) in its rear area (8), a roller or front rolling element (10) in its front area (1 1) and an intermediate rotating wheel or rolling element (12).
  • the front rolling element (10) is not supported on the ground whereby the pivot point (50) of the jack is in the area of the rolling elements rear (7) for being these fixed and for being rotating the intermediate rotating rolling element (12), specifically, the turning point (50) is located between the rear rolling elements (7) and equidistant from them, very close to the lever drive (9).
  • the actuation lever (9) is represented in a more advanced position compared to the actuation levers (109, 209) of the two previous figures, but if its handle had been represented in the same way it would be positioned in the point represented in the present figure.
  • the elastic element (16) is a strap connected to the main body (2) and to which the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) is fixed.
  • the elastic element (16) can be a spring or a shock absorber connected to the main body (2) and to which the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) is fixed.
  • Other embodiments in this regard are not ruled out.
  • the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) is approximately in the center of the main body, seen said body in plan.
  • the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) according to the invention can be found at other points of the main body (2) away a certain distance from the center and located between the rear rolling elements (7) and the rolling elements front (10).
  • both the front rolling elements and the rear rolling elements can be fixed - as in the embodiment represented in the figures - or rotating.
  • Fixed means that its axis of rotation does not change direction.
  • Rotary means that its axis of rotation can change direction.
  • the rear rolling elements are fixed, as in the embodiment of the figures, has certain advantages that can be seen in the jack (1) of the figures.
  • the resulting cat (1) may be narrower.
  • the rear rolling elements (7) can be large and consequently cause the jack (1) to be much more pleasant and easy to handle.
  • the force applicator (5) is a flat circular surface intended to come into contact with the bottoms of a vehicle or with a lower surface of the object to be raised.
  • the invention contemplates different force applicators, capable of pushing the object or load upwards (for example, a shaft of a piston) or capable of pulling the object from above (for example, a hook or a claw).

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Handcart (AREA)
  • Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a load-lifting device comprising a main body (2) including: at least one rear rolling element (7) located in a rear zone (8) of the device and actuated by the user in order to manoeuvre the device; at least one front rolling element (10) located in a front zone (11) of the device, closer to the force applicator than the rear zone (8); and an intermediate rotary rolling element (12) located between the rear zone (8) and the front zone (11) of the device and elastically connected to the main body (2), the centre of gravity of the device being disposed behind the intermediate rotary rolling element (12) such that, when loaded, all of the rolling elements (7, 10, 12) bear on the ground, while, when not loaded, the from rolling elements (10) do not rest on the ground, thereby improving the manoeuvrability of the device.

Description

APARATO DE ELEVACIÓN DE CARGA CON ELEMENTO RODANTE LOAD LIFTING DEVICE WITH ROLLING ELEMENT
I KA i UKIU I SM g fc SVs jJiU UUñi L? I AUU LA¾ I iUAsVj fcñi i AL I KA and UKIU I SM g fc SVs jJiU UUñi L? I AUU LA¾ I iUAsVj fcñi i AL
CUERPO PRINCIPAL DEL GATO DESCRIPCIÓN  MAIN BODY OF THE CAT DESCRIPTION
Sector de la técnica Technical sector
La invención se refiere a aparato de elevación de carga, por ejemplo un gato de carretilla del tipo de los que asisten en la elevación de vehículos o de otros objetos de elevado peso. The invention relates to load lifting apparatus, for example a truck jack of the type of those assisting in the lifting of vehicles or other objects of high weight.
Estado de la técnica State of the art
En el estado de la técnica industrial se conocen muy diversos aparatos de elevación de carga, para permitir la elevación de objetos de peso elevado, por ejemplo de vehículos. Algunos aparatos de este tipo son los gatos (de carretilla, de botella, etc.) que elevan la carga empujándola desde abajo, y las grúas, que elevan la carga tirando de ella desde arriba. En ocasiones, los aparatos de elevación de carga comprenden ruedas para poder desplazarse con respecto ai suelo. In the state of the art, very diverse load lifting apparatuses are known, to allow the lifting of objects of high weight, for example of vehicles. Some devices of this type are the jacks (truck, bottle, etc.) that lift the load by pushing it from below, and the cranes, which raise the load by pulling it from above. Occasionally, load lifting devices include wheels to move relative to the ground.
Por ejemplo, los gatos de carretilla son aparatos comúnmente utilizados en talleres y otros entornos de trabajos mecánicos, que permiten elevar objetos de elevado peso tales como vehículos. Un gato de carretilla generalmente comprende un cuerpo principal, con respecto cual se dispone de forma móvil algún tipo de elemento de elevación que, debidamente actuado mediante un sistema hidráulico o similar, es capaz de elevarse ejerciendo suficiente fuerza bajo el vehículo u objeto pesado para provocar su elevación. Ejemplos de elementos de elevación son brazo articulado elevable, un mecanismo telescópico capaz de extenderse verticalmente o inclinadamente, y en todo caso con una componente vertical hacia arriba, etc. Adicionaimente, el gato de carretilla comprende medios de accionamiento para que el usuario pueda provocar la actuación del sistema hidráulico o similar y el consiguiente ascenso del elemento de elevación. Igualmente, el gato comprende medios de accionamiento para permitir el descenso controlado del elemento de elevación, debiendo dicho descenso realizarse de forma controlada ya que generalmente el elemento de elevación es descendido en carga, es decir, mientras soporta el peso del vehículo, y por lo tanto para garantizar la seguridad es vital evitar desequilibrios, vuelcos o caídas. For example, trolley jacks are devices commonly used in workshops and other mechanical work environments, which allow lifting heavy objects such as vehicles. A wheelbarrow jack generally comprises a main body, with respect to which some type of lifting element is disposed mobile that, duly acted by means of a hydraulic system or similar, is capable of lifting exerting sufficient force under the vehicle or heavy object to cause its elevation Examples of lifting elements are an articulated lifting arm, a telescopic mechanism capable of extending vertically or inclined, and in any case with a vertical component facing up, etc. Additionally, the truck jack comprises drive means so that the user can cause the hydraulic system or the like to act and the consequent rise of the lifting element. Similarly, the jack comprises drive means for allow the controlled descent of the lifting element, said descent having to be carried out in a controlled manner since generally the lifting element is lowered in load, that is, while supporting the weight of the vehicle, and therefore to ensure safety it is vital to avoid imbalances , overturns or falls.
Los gatos de carretilla conocidos son capaces de desplazarse mediante ruedas, rodillos u otros elementos rodantes comprendidos en el cuerpo principal. Dado que el cuerpo principal generalmente se encuentra muy cercano al suelo y presenta una altura relativamente reducida, los gatos suelen comprender una palanca que se proyecta desde el cuerpo principal hacia arriba para proporcionar al usuario una zona de agarre de la que tirar o sobre la que empujar para desplazar el gato de un lado a otro, o para girar el carro. Known wheelbarrow jacks are capable of moving by wheels, rollers or other rolling elements comprised in the main body. Since the main body is generally very close to the ground and has a relatively reduced height, the cats usually comprise a lever that projects from the main body up to provide the user with a grip area to pull or on which push to move the cat from side to side, or to turn the car.
En cuanto a la distribución de las ruedas en el gato, una solución conocida consiste en que el gato disponga de dos ruedas giratorias en su zona trasera (zona más próxima a la palanca y por tanto ai usuario) y dos ruedas fijas en su zona delantera. Otra solución conocida consiste en que el gato disponga, además, de una rueda fija adicional colocada en un elemento de elevación en forma de brazo abatibie, donde dicha rueda fija adicional solamente se apoya en el suelo cuando el brazo no se encuentra elevado. En este caso, cuando se produce el ascenso del elemento de elevación la rueda fija adicional se eleva junto con dicho elemento de elevación y el gato se apoya entonces en las dos ruedas fijas restantes y en las dos ruedas giratorias. En cambio, si el elemento de elevación no se encuentra elevado la rueda fija se apoya sobre el suelo. En este segundo escenario la rueda fija adicional, apoyada sobre el suelo, permite que un apiicador de fuerza del vehículo, es decir, un punto o superficie del elemento de elevación que ejerce la fuerza de elevación sobre el vehículo, realice el mismo ángulo de giro que la palanca, mejorándose por lo tanto la maniobrabilidad con respecto a la solución anterior sin rueda fija adicional. Los gatos de carretilla son aparatos que pueden llegar a presentar un peso bastante alto. Por ejemplo, un gato capaz de levantar 2 toneladas puede pesar aproximadamente 45 kg; un gato capaz de levantar 6 toneladas puede llegar a pesar 81 kg. As for the distribution of the wheels in the jack, a known solution is that the jack has two swivel wheels in its rear area (area closest to the lever and therefore to the user) and two fixed wheels in its front area . Another known solution is that the jack also has an additional fixed wheel placed on a lifting element in the form of a folding arm, where said additional fixed wheel only rests on the ground when the arm is not raised. In this case, when the ascent of the lifting element occurs, the additional fixed wheel is raised together with said lifting element and the jack is then supported on the two remaining fixed wheels and on the two rotating wheels. On the other hand, if the lifting element is not raised, the fixed wheel rests on the ground. In this second scenario, the additional fixed wheel, resting on the ground, allows a vehicle force squeezer, that is, a point or surface of the lifting element that exerts the lifting force on the vehicle, to perform the same turning angle that the lever, therefore improving the maneuverability with respect to the previous solution without additional fixed wheel. Wheelbarrow jacks are devices that can have a fairly high weight. For example, a cat capable of lifting 2 tons it can weigh approximately 45 kg; A cat capable of lifting 6 tons can weigh 81 kg.
Debido ai elevado peso de algunos gatos de carretilla, en la práctica no siempre resulta sencillo desplazar o girar un gato, a pesar de que el gato tenga ruedas e incluso a pesar de que disponga de una rueda fija adicional en el elemento de elevación. La complicación del giro se aprecia en el hecho de que en los gatos de carretilla actuales es necesario realizar un elevado giro de la palanca para conseguir un giro de cierta magnitud del extremo frontal del gato, que es donde normalmente se encuentra el punto del elemento de elevación destinado a empujar verticalmente el vehículo. Si el gato es muy pesado, provocar el giro de la palanca requiere un esfuerzo muy grande y por ello conlleva riesgos para el usuario que ha de repetir esta tarea habituaimente. Due to the high weight of some wheelbarrow jacks, in practice it is not always easy to move or turn a cat, even though the jack has wheels and even if it has an additional fixed wheel on the lifting element. The complication of the rotation can be seen in the fact that in the current wheelbarrow jacks it is necessary to make a high turn of the lever to achieve a rotation of a certain magnitude of the front end of the cat, which is where the point of the element of lift designed to push the vehicle vertically. If the jack is very heavy, causing the lever to rotate requires a very large effort and therefore entails risks for the user who has to repeat this usual task.
La invención tiene como objetivo particular el diseñar un gato de carretilla que simplifique y facilite la realización de giros del mismo, reduciendo el esfuerzo que debe realizar el usuario. Con ello se pretende mejorar la maniobrabiíidad del gato para facilitar el posicionamiento del mismo, por ejemplo para facilitar ai usuario la acción de posicionar el gato adecuadamente con respecto al vehículo antes de proceder a la elevación del mismo. The invention has as a particular objective the design of a wheelbarrow jack that simplifies and facilitates the realization of turns thereof, reducing the effort that the user must make. This is intended to improve the maneuverability of the cat to facilitate its positioning, for example to facilitate the user the action of positioning the cat properly with respect to the vehicle before proceeding to lift it.
Y, en general, la invención tiene como objetivo conseguir un aparato de elevación de carga que, estando provisto de ruedas o elementos rodantes para desplazarse por el suelo, presente una maniobrabiíidad mejorada con respecto a aparatos de elevación de carga rodantes convencionales. And, in general, the aim of the invention is to achieve a load lifting apparatus that, being provided with wheels or rolling elements to move along the ground, has improved maneuverability with respect to conventional rolling load lifting devices.
Descripción breve de ia invención Brief description of the invention
Es objeto de ia invención un aparato de elevación de carga, que comprende un cuerpo principal con respecto al cual es capaz de ascender o descender un elemento de elevación para elevar un objeto pesado, donde dicho elemento de elevación comprende un apiicador de fuerza capaz de ejercer una fuerza ascendente sobre el objeto. El cuerpo principal puede apoyarse y desplazarse sobre un suelo por medio de elementos rodantes. El aparato según la invención presenta la particularidad de que comprende al menos un elemento rodante trasero, localizado en una zona trasera del aparato accionable por el usuario para maniobrar con el aparato; ai menos un elemento rodante delantero, localizado en una zona delantera del aparato más próxima ai aplicador de fuerza que la zona trasera; y un elemento rodante giratorio intermedio. El elemento rodante giratorio intermedio está conectado al cuerpo principal mediante un elemento elástico. Dicho elemento elástico tiende a provocar una separación del elemento rodante giratorio intermedio con respecto al cuerpo principal hasta que todos los elementos rodantes (delanteros, traseros y giratorio intermedio) no se encuentran en un mismo plano. Además, dicho elemento elástico es capaz de deformarse hasta que los elementos rodantes pasan a encontrarse en un mismo plano. El elemento rodante giratorio intermedio se encuentra localizado entre la zona trasera y la zona delantera. También de acuerdo con la invención, la proporción de masa del aparato distribuida entre el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio y el elemento rodante trasero es mayor que la proporción de masa distribuida entre el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio y el elemento rodante delantero. Es decir, el centro de gravedad se encuentra detrás del elemento rodante giratorio intermedio. The object of the invention is a load lifting apparatus, comprising a main body with respect to which a lifting element is capable of ascending or descending to lift a heavy object, wherein said lifting element comprises a force apiicator capable of exerting an ascending force on the object. The body The main one can rest and move on a floor by means of rolling elements. The apparatus according to the invention has the particularity that it comprises at least one rear rolling element, located in a rear area of the user-operated apparatus for maneuvering with the apparatus; at least one front rolling element, located in a front zone of the apparatus closer to the force applicator than the rear zone; and an intermediate rotating rolling element. The intermediate rotating rolling element is connected to the main body by an elastic element. Said elastic element tends to cause a separation of the intermediate rotating rolling element with respect to the main body until all the rolling elements (front, rear and intermediate rotating) are not in the same plane. In addition, said elastic element is capable of deforming until the rolling elements become in the same plane. The intermediate rotating rolling element is located between the rear zone and the front zone. Also according to the invention, the proportion of mass of the apparatus distributed between the intermediate rotating rolling element and the rear rolling element is greater than the proportion of distributed mass between the intermediate rotating rolling element and the front rolling element. That is, the center of gravity is behind the intermediate rotating rolling element.
El aparato según la invención funciona de la forma siguiente. En ausencia de carga, es decir, no ejerciendo una fuerza el aplicador de fuerza del aparato sobre el objeto, el elemento elástico separa el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio lo suficiente como para que ios elementos rodantes del aparato no se encuentren en un mismo plano. En consecuencia, como consecuencia de la posición del centro de gravedad y de la acción de la fuerza de gravedad, se apoyan en el suelo ios elementos rodantes traseros y el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio, quedando los elementos rodantes delanteros en el aire. En cambio, en situación de carga, en la cual el elemento de elevación se encuentra ejerciendo una fuerza ascendente sobre un objeto pesado y recibiendo en consecuencia la correspondiente fuerza de reacción del objeto pesado, el elemento elástico se fiexa de forma suficiente para que todos ios elementos rodantes pasen a encontrarse en el mismo plano y por tanto los elementos rodantes delanteros se apoyen en el suelo. The apparatus according to the invention operates as follows. In the absence of a load, that is, by not exerting a force on the force applicator of the apparatus on the object, the elastic element separates the intermediate rotating rolling element sufficiently that the rolling elements of the apparatus are not in the same plane. Consequently, as a consequence of the position of the center of gravity and the action of the force of gravity, the rear rolling elements and the intermediate rotating rolling element are supported on the ground, the front rolling elements remaining in the air. On the other hand, in a load situation, in which the lifting element is exerting an ascending force on a heavy object and consequently receiving the corresponding reaction force of the heavy object, the elastic element is sufficiently loosed so that all rolling elements happen to be in the same plane and therefore the front rolling elements rest on the ground.
De este modo, el aparato según la invención presenta las ventajas siguientes. Por una parte, el hecho de disponer de un elemento rodante giratorio intermedio más próximo a la zona trasera del aparato (zona accionabie por el usuario para maniobrar con el aparato) que los elementos rodantes delanteros, sumado al hecho de que en situación de ausencia de carga los elementos rodantes delanteros no apoyan sobre el suelo, permite dotar ai aparato de una gran maniobrabiiidad. Por maniobrabilidad se entiende que se maximiza el giro de la zona delantera del aparato, donde generalmente se encuentra el apiicador de fuerza o zona del elemento de elevación que empuja el objeto pesado, para un mismo ángulo de giro de la zona trasera del aparato, donde se encuentra la palanca de accionamiento u otro medio de accionamiento accionabie por el usuario. Ello reduce el esfuerzo que debe realizar el usuario, ya que para realizar un mismo giro del apiicador de fuerza es necesario que el usuario efectúe un menor giro de la palanca u otro medio de accionamiento, en comparación con aparatos convencionales. Por otra parte, el hecho de que en situación de carga los elementos rodantes delanteros pasen a apoyarse sobre el suelo permite dotar al aparato de una gran resistencia, ya que dichos elementos rodantes delanteros, especialmente si son fijos, pueden estar diseñados con una elevada capacidad de soportar el peso de la carga del aparato. En cambio, el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio únicamente deberá proporcionar maniobrabilidad y no será necesario que soporte elevados pesos, ya que en situación de carga el peso es soportado en mayor medida por ios elementos rodantes delanteros. Thus, the apparatus according to the invention has the following advantages. On the one hand, the fact of having an intermediate rotating rolling element closer to the rear area of the apparatus (zone operated by the user to maneuver with the apparatus) than the front rolling elements, added to the fact that in the absence of loading the front rolling elements do not rest on the ground, it allows the device to be equipped with great maneuverability. Maneuverability means that the rotation of the front area of the apparatus is maximized, where the force squeezer or area of the lifting element that pushes the heavy object is generally located, for the same angle of rotation of the rear area of the apparatus, where there is the operating lever or other actuation means operated by the user. This reduces the effort that the user must make, since to perform the same rotation of the force squeezer it is necessary for the user to make a smaller rotation of the lever or other actuating means, compared to conventional devices. On the other hand, the fact that in front of loading the front rolling elements become supported on the ground allows the apparatus to be highly resistant, since said front rolling elements, especially if they are fixed, can be designed with a high capacity of supporting the load weight of the device. On the other hand, the intermediate rotating rolling element should only provide maneuverability and it will not be necessary to support high weights, since in a load situation the weight is supported to a greater extent by the front rolling elements.
Descripción breve de las figuras Brief description of the figures
Los detalles de la invención se aprecian en las figuras que se acompañan, no pretendiendo éstas ser limitativas del alcance de la invención: The details of the invention can be seen in the accompanying figures, not intended to be limiting the scope of the invention:
La Figura 1 muestra una vista en perspectiva de un modo de realización de un aparato de acuerdo con la invención, en este caso en forma de un gato de carretilla. Figure 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention, in this case in the form of a wheelbarrow jack.
- La Figura 2 muestra una vista lateral del gato de la Figura 1 en situación de descarga o reposo.  - Figure 2 shows a side view of the cat of Figure 1 in an unloading or resting situation.
- La Figura 3 muestra una vista frontal en sección ampliada, de acuerdo con el plano de sección A-A ilustrado en la Figura 2. - Figure 3 shows a front view in enlarged section, in accordance with section plane A-A illustrated in Figure 2.
- La Figura 4 muestra una vista lateral del gato de la Figura 1 en situación de carga. - Figure 4 shows a side view of the cat of Figure 1 under load.
- La Figura 5 muestra una vista frontal en sección ampliada, de acuerdo con el plano de sección B-B ilustrado en la Figura 4. - Figure 5 shows a front view in enlarged section, in accordance with section plane B-B illustrated in Figure 4.
- Las Figuras 8, 7 y 8 muestran vistas superiores esquemáticas de dos gatos conocidos en el estado de la técnica y del gato según la invención representado en las figuras anteriores. - Figures 8, 7 and 8 show schematic top views of two cats known in the state of the art and of the cat according to the invention represented in the previous figures.
Descripción detallada de la invención Detailed description of the invention
La Figura 1 muestra una vista en perspectiva de un modo de realización de un aparato de elevación de carga de acuerdo con la invención. En el modo de realización representado, el aparato de elevación de carga es un gato (1 ) del tipo conocido como gato de carretilla. Como puede observarse en la figura, el gato (1 ) comprende un cuerpo principal (2) con respecto al cual es capaz de ascender o descender un elemento de elevación (3) destinado a ejercer una fuerza sobre un objeto pesado para producir la elevación del mismo y destinado también a sostener el objeto pesado durante la operación de descenso del mismo. En el modo de realización de la figura, el elemento de elevación (3) es un brazo elevable capaz de abatirse con respecto ai cuerpo principal (2), según indica esquemáticamente una flecha (4). El elemento de elevación (3) presenta un apiicador de fuerza (5) en su extremo, siendo dicho apiicador de fuerza (5) precisamente la zona encargada de ejercer la fuerza ascendente sobre el objeto para producir su elevación. En el modo de realización representado, el apiicador de fuerza (5) es una superficie plana circular destinada a entrar en contacto con los bajos de un vehículo o con una superficie inferior del objeto que se desee elevar. El gato (1 ) ha sido representado apoyado sobre un suelo (6). El cuerpo principal (2) puede desplazarse con respecto a dicho suelo (6) por medio de diversos elementos rodantes. Más concretamente, e! gato (1 ) comprende al menos un elemento rodante trasero (7) localizado en una zona trasera (8) del gato (1 ). La zona trasera (8) del gato (1 ) es la zona que es accionable por el usuario para maniobrar con el gato (1 ), concretamente actuando sobre un asa (9a) de una palanca de accionamiento (9), En este caso particular, el gato (1 ) comprende dos elementos rodantes traseros (7) en forma de ruedas fijas, es decir, dos ruedas traseras cuyo eje de giro no cambia de dirección. Además, el gato (1 ) comprende al menos un elemento rodante delantero (10) localizado en una zona delantera (1 1 ) del aparato más próxima ai aplicador de fuerza (5) que la zona trasera (8). En este caso, el elemento rodante delantero (10) es un único cilindro o rodillo que es fijo, es decir, cuyo eje de giro no cambia de dirección. Ei gato (1 ) comprende también un elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12). En ei modo de realización representado, el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) es una rueda que es capaz de girar sobre sí misma según un eje de giro (13) central para poder rodar con respecto al suelo (6). Ei elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) es además capaz de girar también con respecto a un eje de giro (14) vertical, produciendo que el eje de giro (13) presente una dirección variable. Además, el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) está fijado elásticamente al cuerpo principal (2) permitiendo dicha conexión elástica que la posición vertical del elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) pueda variar. Por conexión elástica se entiende que el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) está fijado al cuerpo principal (2) por medio de un elemento elástico (18). Figure 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a load lifting apparatus according to the invention. In the embodiment shown, the load lifting apparatus is a jack (1) of the type known as a truck jack. As can be seen in the figure, the jack (1) comprises a main body (2) with respect to which it is capable of ascending or descending a lifting element (3) intended to exert a force on a heavy object to produce the elevation of the same and also intended to support the heavy object during the descent operation thereof. In the embodiment of the figure, the lifting element (3) is a lifting arm capable of folding with respect to the main body (2), as indicated by an arrow (4). The lifting element (3) has a force apiicator (5) at its end, said force apiicator (5) being precisely the area in charge of exerting the ascending force on the object to produce its elevation. In the embodiment shown, the force squeezer (5) is a flat circular surface intended to come into contact with the bottom of a vehicle or with a lower surface of the object to be raised. The cat (1) has been represented resting on a floor (6). The main body (2) can move with respect to said floor (6) by means of various rolling elements. More concretely, and! jack (1) comprises at least one rear rolling element (7) located in a rear area (8) of the jack (1). The rear area (8) of the jack (1) is the area that is user-operated to maneuver with the jack (1), specifically acting on a handle (9a) of a drive lever (9), in this particular case , the jack (1) comprises two rear rolling elements (7) in the form of fixed wheels, that is, two rear wheels whose axis of rotation does not change direction. In addition, the jack (1) comprises at least one front rolling element (10) located in a front area (1 1) of the apparatus closer to the force applicator (5) than the rear area (8). In this case, the front rolling element (10) is a single cylinder or roller that is fixed, that is, whose axis of rotation does not change direction. The jack (1) also comprises an intermediate rotating rolling element (12). In the embodiment shown, the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) is a wheel that is capable of rotating on itself along a central axis of rotation (13) to be able to roll with respect to the ground (6). The intermediate rotating rolling element (12) is also capable of rotating also with respect to a vertical axis of rotation (14), causing the axis of rotation (13) to have a variable direction. Furthermore, the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) is elastically fixed to the main body (2) allowing said elastic connection that the vertical position of the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) can vary. By elastic connection it is understood that the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) is fixed to the main body (2) by means of an elastic element (18).
De acuerdo con la invención, además, la proporción de masa del gato (1 ) distribuida entre el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) y los elementos rodantes traseros (7) es mayor que la proporción de masa distribuida entre el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) y el elemento rodante delantero (10). Es decir, el centro de gravedad del gato (1 ), en ausencia de carga, se encuentra detrás del elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12), entre el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) y la zona trasera (8) del gato (1 ). According to the invention, moreover, the proportion of mass of the jack (1) distributed between the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) and the rear rolling elements (7) is greater than the proportion of distributed mass between the intermediate rotating rolling element ( 12) and the front rolling element (10). That is, the center of gravity of the jack (1), in the absence of load, is located behind the intermediate rotating rolling element (12), between the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) and the rear area (8) of the jack (1). ).
En la Figura 2 se muestra una vista lateral esquemática del gato (1 ) de la Figura 1 en una situación en la cual el elemento de elevación (3) se encuentra abatido contra e! cuerpo principa! (2) y en la cual el gato (1 ) está desprovisto de carga, es decir, no está ejerciendo una fuerza sobre un objeto. En esta situación, como puede observarse, los puntos más inferiores de los elementos rodantes (7, 1 1 , 12) no se encuentran en un mismo plano, sino que el punto más inferior del elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) se encuentra por debajo de un plano imaginario (15) que une los puntos más inferiores de los elementos rodantes traseros (7) y del elemento rodante delantero (10). En esta situación, debido a que el centro de gravedad del gato (1 ) se encuentra detrás del elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12), entre el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) y la zona trasera (8), se produce que el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) y los elementos rodantes traseros (7) se apoyan en el suelo (6) mientras que el elemento rodante delantero (10) queda en el aire. De este modo, en situación de ausencia de carga actúan únicamente los elementos rodantes traseros (7) y el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12), consiguiéndose una maniobrabiiidad máxima, como se explica más adelante. A schematic side view of the jack (1) of Figure 1 is shown in Figure 2 in a situation in which the lifting element (3) is find down against e! main body! (2) and in which the jack (1) is devoid of charge, that is, it is not exerting a force on an object. In this situation, as can be seen, the lowest points of the rolling elements (7, 1, 1, 12) are not in the same plane, but the lowest point of the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) is below of an imaginary plane (15) that joins the lowest points of the rear rolling elements (7) and the front rolling element (10). In this situation, because the center of gravity of the jack (1) is behind the intermediate rotating rolling element (12), between the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) and the rear area (8), it is produced that the element intermediate rotating wheel (12) and the rear rolling elements (7) rest on the ground (6) while the front rolling element (10) remains in the air. Thus, in the absence of load, only the rear rolling elements (7) and the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) act, achieving maximum maneuverability, as explained below.
La Figura 3 muestra una vista frontal en sección del gato (1 ) de la figura anterior, en la que se aprecia con claridad que el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) se encuentra fijado al cuerpo principal (2) por medio de un elemento elástico (16), el cual en este caso presenta la forma de un fleje que se extiende entre dos paredes interiores (2a, 2b) del cuerpo principal (2). El elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) se encuentra fijado a la zona central de dicho fleje y es capaz de variar su altura en función de la deformación del fleje. Figure 3 shows a front sectional view of the jack (1) of the previous figure, in which it is clearly seen that the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) is fixed to the main body (2) by means of an elastic element (16), which in this case has the form of a strap that extends between two inner walls (2a, 2b) of the main body (2). The intermediate rotating rolling element (12) is fixed to the central area of said strap and is capable of varying its height depending on the deformation of the strap.
La Figura 4 muestra el gato (1 ) de la Figura 2 en situación de carga, es decir, en una situación en la cual el elemento de elevación (3) está ejerciendo una fuerza sobre un objeto (17) pesado, representado esquemáticamente como un polígono irregular, y en consecuencia el objeto (17) ejerce una fuerza de reacción (F) sobre el elemento de elevación (3). El elemento de elevación (3) se muestra en su posición más inferior, aún sin haber comenzado a girar en sentido ascendente como indica la flecha (4). En esta situación de carga, la fuerza de reacción (F) sobre el elemento de elevación (3) se traslada al cuerpo principal (2), por estar el elemento de elevación (3) fijado a éste. Debido a que el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) se encuentra apoyado en el suelo (6) y a de que entre el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) y el cuerpo principal (2) existe una conexión elástica que permite un movimiento vertical relativo entre ambos, la fuerza de reacción (F) aplicada sobre el cuerpo principal (2) provoca que el cuerpo principal (2) descienda con respecto al elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) a la vez que se flexa el elemento elástico (16). Llega un momento que el elemento elástico (16) se flexa lo suficiente para que el elemento rodante delantero (10) se apoye en el suelo, como puede observarse en la figura. De este modo, en situación de carga el elemento rodante delantero (10) pasa a soportar el peso del objeto (17), no teniendo que soportarlo el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12), el cual presenta una capacidad menor para soportar peso por el hecho de ser giratorio. Figure 4 shows the jack (1) of Figure 2 in a load situation, that is, in a situation in which the lifting element (3) is exerting a force on a heavy object (17), schematically represented as a irregular polygon, and consequently the object (17) exerts a reaction force (F) on the lifting element (3). The lifting element (3) is shown in its lowest position, even if it has not started to turn upwards as indicated by the arrow (4). In this loading situation, the reaction force (F) on the lifting element (3) is transferred to the main body (2), by be the lifting element (3) fixed to it. Because the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) is supported on the ground (6) and that between the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) and the main body (2) there is an elastic connection that allows a relative vertical movement between both, the reaction force (F) applied on the main body (2) causes the main body (2) to descend with respect to the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) while the elastic element (16) is flexed. There comes a time when the elastic element (16) flexes sufficiently so that the front rolling element (10) rests on the ground, as can be seen in the figure. Thus, in a loading situation, the front rolling element (10) starts to support the weight of the object (17), the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) not having to support it, which has a lower capacity to support weight by the Made of being rotating.
La Figura 5 muestra una vista frontal en sección del gato (1 ) de la figura anterior, en la que se aprecia con claridad que el elemento elástico (16) se ha deformado permitiendo el descenso del cuerpo principal (2) con respecto al elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) que se encuentra apoyado en el suelo (6). Figure 5 shows a front sectional view of the jack (1) of the previous figure, in which it is clearly seen that the elastic element (16) has been deformed allowing the descent of the main body (2) with respect to the rolling element intermediate swivel (12) that is resting on the floor (6).
El elemento elástico (16) se encuentra configurado de manera que ejerce una fuerza elástica que tiende a provocar el descenso del elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) con respecto ai cuerpo principal (2) hasta que los puntos más inferiores de los elementos rodantes (7, 10, 12) no se encuentran no se encuentran en el mismo plano. Es decir, tiende a devolver el gato (1 ) a la situación de reposo de la Figura 2, en la que el punto más inferior del elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) se apoya sobre el suelo mientras que el punto más inferior del elemento rodante delantero (10) se encuentra en el aire. Por tanto, en ausencia de carga, el gato (1 ) retorna automáticamente a dicha situación de reposo. The elastic element (16) is configured so that it exerts an elastic force that tends to cause the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) to descend with respect to the main body (2) until the lowest points of the rolling elements (7 , 10, 12) are not found are not in the same plane. That is, it tends to return the jack (1) to the rest situation of Figure 2, in which the lowest point of the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) rests on the ground while the lowest point of the rolling element Front (10) is in the air. Therefore, in the absence of load, the jack (1) automatically returns to said resting situation.
Las Figuras 6, 7 y 8 muestran vistas superiores esquemáticas de dos gatos conocidos en el estado de la técnica y del gato (1 ) según la invención representado en las figuras anteriores, con el fin de ilustrar la mejora en la maniobrabiiidad conseguida en el gato de la presente invención. La Figura 8 muestra un gato (100) convencional dotado de dos ruedas traseras (107) giratorias en su zona trasera (108), dos ruedas delanteras (1 10) fijas en su zona delantera (1 1 1 ), y de una palanca de accionamiento (109) situada en su zona trasera (108). Cuando un usuario gira la palanca de accionamiento (109) empujando un asa (109a) de la misma hacia la izquierda o hacia la derecha, las ruedas traseras (107), al ser giratorias, giran libremente mientras que las ruedas delanteras (1 10), al ser fijas, no giran libremente. En consecuencia, el punto de giro (150) de este primer gato convencional se encuentra entre las ruedas delanteras (1 10) fijas y equidistante de ambas, por delante del aplicador de fuerza (105) (zona del gato (1 ) destinada a ejercer la fuerza sobre el objeto a elevar). Entonces, cuando el usuario gira el asa (109a) de la palanca de accionamiento (109) un arco (A1 ) como el ilustrado en la figura, se provoca el giro de la zona delantera (1 1 1 ) prácticamente nulo, y un giro del aplicador de fuerza (105) muy reducido, indicado con el arco (B1 ). Es decir, el usuario debe girar enormemente la zona trasera (108) del gato (100) para conseguir un giro muy pequeño de la zona delantera (1 1 1 ) y el aplicador de fuerza (105), exigiéndole por tanto un gran esfuerzo. La Figura 7 muestra otro gato (200) convencional, en este caso dotado de dos ruedas traseras (207) giratorias en su zona trasera (208), dos ruedas delanteras (210) fijas en su zona delantera (21 1 ) y una rueda fija intermedia (212). En este segundo gato (200) convencional la rueda fija intermedia (212), debido a que es fija, sirve de punto de giro (250) del gato. Por ello, un arco de giro (A2) similar ai arco de giro (A1 ) de la figura anterior causa que el aplicador de fuerza (205) gire un arco (B2) mayor que el arco (B1 ) de la figura anterior. Esto equivale a decir que el gato (200) convencional de esta figura exige al usuario realizar un menor esfuerzo para girar la zona delantera (21 1 ) del mismo en comparación con el gato (100) convencional de la figura anterior, y en consecuencia es más maniobrable. La Figura 8, en cambio, muestra el gato según la invención, dotado de dos ruedas o elementos rodantes traseros (7) en su zona trasera (8), un rodillo o elemento rodante delantero (10) en su zona delantera (1 1 ) y una rueda o elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12). En situación de descarga el elemento rodante delantero (10) no está apoyado sobre el suelo por lo cual el punto de giro (50) del gato se encuentra en la zona de ios elementos rodantes traseros (7) por ser estos fijos y por ser giratorio el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12), Concretamente, el punto de giro (50) se sitúa entre los elementos rodantes traseros (7) y equidistante de ellos, muy próximo a la palanca de accionamiento (9). La palanca de accionamiento (9) se encuentra representada en una posición más adelantada en comparación con las palancas de accionamiento (109, 209) de las dos figuras anteriores, pero si se hubiera representado dispuesta de igual modo su asa (9a) quedaría posicionada en el punto representado en la presente figura. Entonces, si un usuario girara el asa (9a) un arco (A3) incluso menor que los arcos (A1 , A2) de las figuras anteriores, conseguiría girar la zona delantera (1 1 ) y, en particular, el aplicador de fuerza (5) un arco (B3) notablemente mayor que en las dos figuras anteriores. Es decir, la maniobrabilidad conseguida por el gato (1 ) de la invención es muy elevada ya que bastará con que el usuario gire ligeramente la zona trasera (8) del gato para producir grandes giros en la zona delantera (1 1 ) donde se encuentra el aplicador de fuerza (5). Figures 6, 7 and 8 show schematic top views of two cats known in the state of the art and of the cat (1) according to the invention represented in the previous figures, in order to illustrate the improvement in maneuverability achieved in the cat of the present invention. Figure 8 shows a conventional jack (100) equipped with two rear wheels (107) rotating in its rear area (108), two front wheels (1 10) fixed in its front area (1 1 1), and a lever drive (109) located in its rear area (108). When a user turns the operating lever (109) by pushing a handle (109a) thereof to the left or to the right, the rear wheels (107), being rotatable, rotate freely while the front wheels (1 10) , being fixed, they do not spin freely. Consequently, the turning point (150) of this first conventional jack is between the fixed and equidistant front wheels (1 10), in front of the force applicator (105) (jack zone (1) intended to exercise the force on the object to be raised). Then, when the user rotates the handle (109a) of the operating lever (109) an arc (A1) as illustrated in the figure, the rotation of the practically zero front area (1 1 1) is caused, and a rotation of the very small force applicator (105), indicated by the arc (B1). That is, the user must rotate the rear area (108) of the jack (100) enormously to achieve a very small rotation of the front area (1 1 1) and the force applicator (105), thus requiring a great effort. Figure 7 shows another conventional jack (200), in this case equipped with two rear wheels (207) rotating in its rear area (208), two front wheels (210) fixed in its front area (21 1) and a fixed wheel intermediate (212). In this second conventional jack (200) the intermediate fixed wheel (212), because it is fixed, serves as the turning point (250) of the jack. Therefore, a turning arc (A2) similar to the turning arc (A1) of the previous figure causes the force applicator (205) to rotate an arc (B2) larger than the arc (B1) of the previous figure. This is equivalent to saying that the conventional jack (200) of this figure requires the user to make less effort to rotate the front area (21 1) thereof in comparison to the conventional jack (100) of the previous figure, and consequently it is more maneuverable Figure 8, on the other hand, shows the jack according to the invention, provided with two rear wheels or rolling elements (7) in its rear area (8), a roller or front rolling element (10) in its front area (1 1) and an intermediate rotating wheel or rolling element (12). In the unloading situation, the front rolling element (10) is not supported on the ground whereby the pivot point (50) of the jack is in the area of the rolling elements rear (7) for being these fixed and for being rotating the intermediate rotating rolling element (12), specifically, the turning point (50) is located between the rear rolling elements (7) and equidistant from them, very close to the lever drive (9). The actuation lever (9) is represented in a more advanced position compared to the actuation levers (109, 209) of the two previous figures, but if its handle had been represented in the same way it would be positioned in the point represented in the present figure. Then, if a user turned the handle (9a) an arc (A3) even smaller than the arches (A1, A2) of the previous figures, he would rotate the front area (1 1) and, in particular, the force applicator ( 5) an arch (B3) noticeably larger than in the previous two figures. That is, the maneuverability achieved by the jack (1) of the invention is very high since it will be enough for the user to slightly turn the rear area (8) of the cat to produce large turns in the front area (1 1) where it is located the force applicator (5).
En el modo de realización representado, como puede observarse en la Figura 4, en situación de carga los puntos más inferiores de todos los elementos rodantes (7, 10, 12) se encuentran en un mismo plano, de manera que todos los elementos rodantes (7, 10, 12) se apoyan sobre el suelo (6). En esta situación en la que todos los elementos rodantes (7, 10, 12) se apoyan en el suelo (6), el peso del gato (1 ) y del objeto (17) o carga es soportado preferentemente por los elementos rodantes traseros (7) y el elemento rodante delantero (10), y no por el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) aunque éste último se encuentre en contacto con el suelo (6). In the embodiment shown, as can be seen in Figure 4, under load the lowest points of all the rolling elements (7, 10, 12) are in the same plane, so that all the rolling elements ( 7, 10, 12) rest on the ground (6). In this situation in which all the rolling elements (7, 10, 12) rest on the ground (6), the weight of the jack (1) and the object (17) or load is preferably supported by the rear rolling elements ( 7) and the front rolling element (10), and not by the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) although the latter is in contact with the ground (6).
Como se ha mencionado, en el modo de realización representado el elemento elástico (16) es un fleje conectado al cuerpo principal (2) y ai cual se encuentra fijado el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12). Alternativamente, el elemento elástico (16) puede ser un muelle o un amortiguador conectado al cuerpo principal (2) y ai cual se encuentra fijado el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12). No se descartan otros modos de realización en este sentido. En e! modo de realización representado, el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) se encuentra aproximadamente en el centro del cuerpo principal, visto dicho cuerpo en planta. En modos de realización alternativos, el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) de acuerdo con la invención puede encontrarse en otros puntos del cuerpo principal (2) alejados una cierta distancia del centro y localizados entre los elementos rodantes traseros (7) y los elementos rodantes delanteros (10). As mentioned, in the embodiment shown, the elastic element (16) is a strap connected to the main body (2) and to which the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) is fixed. Alternatively, the elastic element (16) can be a spring or a shock absorber connected to the main body (2) and to which the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) is fixed. Other embodiments in this regard are not ruled out. Jan! represented embodiment, the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) is approximately in the center of the main body, seen said body in plan. In alternative embodiments, the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) according to the invention can be found at other points of the main body (2) away a certain distance from the center and located between the rear rolling elements (7) and the rolling elements front (10).
De acuerdo con la invención, tanto los elementos rodantes delanteros como los elementos rodantes traseros pueden ser fijos -como en el modo de realización representado en las figuras- o giratorios. Se entiende por fijos que su eje de giro no cambia de dirección. Se entiende por giratorios que su eje de giro puede cambiar de dirección. According to the invention, both the front rolling elements and the rear rolling elements can be fixed - as in the embodiment represented in the figures - or rotating. Fixed means that its axis of rotation does not change direction. Rotary means that its axis of rotation can change direction.
El hecho de que los elementos rodantes traseros sean fijos, como en el modo de realización de las figuras, presenta ciertas ventajas que pueden apreciarse en el gato (1 ) de las figuras. Por una parte, el gato (1 ) resultante puede ser más estrecho. Por otra, los elementos rodantes traseros (7) pueden ser grandes y en consecuencia provocar que el gato (1 ) resulte mucho más agradable y fácil de manejar. The fact that the rear rolling elements are fixed, as in the embodiment of the figures, has certain advantages that can be seen in the jack (1) of the figures. On the one hand, the resulting cat (1) may be narrower. On the other, the rear rolling elements (7) can be large and consequently cause the jack (1) to be much more pleasant and easy to handle.
En el modo de realización representado, el aplicador de fuerza (5) es una superficie plana circular destinada a entrar en contacto con los bajos de un vehículo o con una superficie inferior del objeto que se desee elevar. La invención contempla aplicadores de fuerza diferentes, capaces de empujar el objeto o carga hacia arriba (por ejemplo, un eje de un pistón) o capaces de tirar del objeto desde arriba (por ejemplo, un gancho o una garra). In the embodiment shown, the force applicator (5) is a flat circular surface intended to come into contact with the bottoms of a vehicle or with a lower surface of the object to be raised. The invention contemplates different force applicators, capable of pushing the object or load upwards (for example, a shaft of a piston) or capable of pulling the object from above (for example, a hook or a claw).

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1 . Aparato de elevación de carga, que comprende un cuerpo principal (2) con respecto al cual es capaz de ascender o descender un elemento de elevación (3) para elevar un objeto (17) pesado, donde dicho elemento de elevación (3) comprende un aplicador de fuerza (5) capaz de ejercer una fuerza ascendente sobre el objeto (17), donde el cuerpo principal (2) puede apoyarse y desplazarse sobre un suelo (8) por medio de elementos rodantes, que se caracteriza por que comprende: one . Load lifting apparatus, comprising a main body (2) with respect to which it is capable of ascending or descending a lifting element (3) to lift a heavy object (17), wherein said lifting element (3) comprises a force applicator (5) capable of exerting an ascending force on the object (17), where the main body (2) can rest and move on a floor (8) by means of rolling elements, characterized in that it comprises:
- al menos un elemento rodante trasero (7), localizado en una zona trasera (8) del aparato accionable por el usuario para maniobrar con el aparato; - at least one rear rolling element (7), located in a rear area (8) of the user-operated apparatus for maneuvering with the apparatus;
- al menos un elemento rodante delantero (10), localizado en una zona delantera (1 1 ) del aparato más próxima al aplicador de fuerza (5) que la zona trasera (8);  - at least one front rolling element (10), located in a front area (1 1) of the apparatus closer to the force applicator (5) than the rear area (8);
- un elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12), localizado entre la zona trasera (8) y la zona delantera (1 1 ) del aparato y conectado al cuerpo principal (2) mediante un elemento elástico (16), donde dicho elemento elástico (16) tiende a provocar una separación del elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) con respecto ai cuerpo principal (2) hasta que los elementos rodantes (7, 8. 9) no se encuentran en un mismo plano, y donde el elemento elástico (16) es capaz de deformarse hasta que los elementos rodantes (7, 8, 9) pasan a encontrarse en un mismo plano; y donde  - an intermediate rotating rolling element (12), located between the rear zone (8) and the front zone (1 1) of the apparatus and connected to the main body (2) by means of an elastic element (16), where said elastic element (16 ) tends to cause a separation of the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) with respect to the main body (2) until the rolling elements (7, 8, 9) are not in the same plane, and where the elastic element (16) it is able to deform until the rolling elements (7, 8, 9) start to meet in the same plane; and where
- la proporción de masa del aparato distribuida entre el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) y el elemento rodante trasero (7) es mayor que la proporción de masa distribuida entre el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12) y el elemento rodante delantero (10).  - the proportion of mass of the apparatus distributed between the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) and the rear rolling element (7) is greater than the proportion of distributed mass between the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) and the front rolling element (10) .
2. Aparato, según la reivindicación 1 , que se caracteriza por que los elementos rodantes traseros (7) son fijos. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear rolling elements (7) are fixed.
3. Aparato, según la reivindicación 1 , que se caracteriza por que los elementos rodantes traseros ( ) son giratorios. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear rolling elements () are rotatable.
4. Aparato, según la reivindicación 1 , que se caracteriza por que los elementos rodantes delanteros (10) son fijos. 4. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the front rolling elements (10) are fixed.
5. Aparato, según la reivindicación 1 , que se caracteriza por que los elementos rodantes delanteros (10) son giratorios. 5. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the front rolling elements (10) are rotatable.
6. Aparato, según la reivindicación 1 , que se caracteriza por que el elemento elástico (16) es un fleje conectado al cuerpo principal (2) y ai cual se encuentra fijado el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12). 6. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic element (16) is a strap connected to the main body (2) and to which the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) is fixed.
7. Aparato, según la reivindicación 1 , que se caracteriza por que el elemento elástico (16) es un muelle conectado al cuerpo principal (2) y ai cual se encuentra fijado el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12). 7. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic element (16) is a spring connected to the main body (2) and to which the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) is fixed.
8. Aparato, según la reivindicación 1 , que se caracteriza por que el elemento elástico (16) es un amortiguador conectado al cuerpo principal (2) y al cual se encuentra fijado el elemento rodante giratorio intermedio (12). 8. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic element (16) is a shock absorber connected to the main body (2) and to which the intermediate rotating rolling element (12) is fixed.
9. Aparato, según la reivindicación 1 , que se caracteriza por que uno o más de los elementos rodantes es una rueda. 9. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more of the rolling elements is a wheel.
10. Aparato, según la reivindicación 1 , que se caracteriza por que uno o más de ios elementos rodantes es una bola. 10. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more of the rolling elements is a ball.
1 1 . Aparato, según la reivindicación 1 , que se caracteriza por que uno o más de ios elementos rodantes es un rodillo. eleven . Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more of the rolling elements is a roller.
PCT/ES2014/070354 2013-05-20 2014-04-23 Load-lifting device comprising an intermediate rotary rolling element elastically connected to the main body of the jack WO2014188031A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14801403.8A EP3000767A4 (en) 2013-05-20 2014-04-23 Load-lifting device comprising an intermediate rotary rolling element elastically connected to the main body of the jack

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201300468A ES2531423B1 (en) 2013-05-20 2013-05-20 Load lifting device with intermediate rotating rolling element elastically connected to the main body of the jack
ESP201300468 2013-05-20

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Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2418194A1 (en) * 1978-02-23 1979-09-21 Epinat Charles Pneumatic jack on wheeled trolley - has folding suspension actuated on raising load and including adjustable spring mechanism
GB2298408A (en) * 1995-03-03 1996-09-04 Pfaff Silberblau Hebezeug Mobile lifting system for rail vehicle bogies
EP0776810A1 (en) * 1995-11-29 1997-06-04 Rockwool Lapinus B.V. Transport vehicle
US20050189737A1 (en) * 2002-12-30 2005-09-01 Goldie Lowell D. Jack dolly with brake
WO2007095672A1 (en) * 2006-02-20 2007-08-30 Easy Place Trolleys Pty Ltd Lifting trolley

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1699835A1 (en) * 1989-12-29 1991-12-23 Автокомбинат N1 Мосгорисполкома Device for lifting and moving transportation means
DE19626119A1 (en) * 1996-06-28 1998-01-02 Paul Erich Kettler Trolley jack
FR2927874B1 (en) * 2008-02-22 2010-06-11 Caddie SUPPORT FOR AUXILIARY CASTER OF HANDLING TROLLEY AND HANDLING TROLLEY HAVING SUCH SUPPORT
JP2014516734A (en) * 2011-06-17 2014-07-17 オーステク アンド デザイン ピーティーワイ リミテッド Lifting and transporting device for wheeled objects including hospital beds

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2418194A1 (en) * 1978-02-23 1979-09-21 Epinat Charles Pneumatic jack on wheeled trolley - has folding suspension actuated on raising load and including adjustable spring mechanism
GB2298408A (en) * 1995-03-03 1996-09-04 Pfaff Silberblau Hebezeug Mobile lifting system for rail vehicle bogies
EP0776810A1 (en) * 1995-11-29 1997-06-04 Rockwool Lapinus B.V. Transport vehicle
US20050189737A1 (en) * 2002-12-30 2005-09-01 Goldie Lowell D. Jack dolly with brake
WO2007095672A1 (en) * 2006-02-20 2007-08-30 Easy Place Trolleys Pty Ltd Lifting trolley

Also Published As

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ES2531423A1 (en) 2015-03-13
EP3000767A1 (en) 2016-03-30
EP3000767A4 (en) 2017-01-11
ES2531423B1 (en) 2015-12-22

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