WO2014187679A1 - Method and device for determining the average state of charge of a battery - Google Patents

Method and device for determining the average state of charge of a battery Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014187679A1
WO2014187679A1 PCT/EP2014/059509 EP2014059509W WO2014187679A1 WO 2014187679 A1 WO2014187679 A1 WO 2014187679A1 EP 2014059509 W EP2014059509 W EP 2014059509W WO 2014187679 A1 WO2014187679 A1 WO 2014187679A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
charge
control signal
average
pwm1
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/059509
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Stefan Butzmann
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh, Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority to CN201480029140.XA priority Critical patent/CN105229484B/en
Publication of WO2014187679A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014187679A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for determining the average state of charge of a battery and / or other, derived from the average state of charge of the battery characteristics of the battery, the battery comprises at least one battery string with a plurality of battery string each switchable and bridgeable battery cells and the battery cells by means be controlled such a control signal that the battery cells are switched on average so to the battery string, that the output voltage of the battery is set to a desired target output voltage. Furthermore, the invention relates to a corresponding device for determining the average state of charge of a battery and / or other, derived from the average state of charge of the battery characteristics of the battery. The invention also relates to a battery system which has a battery with at least one battery string, which comprises a plurality of battery cells each switchable to the battery string and bridgeable. Furthermore, the invention relates to a vehicle with a battery system.
  • Control variable can be generated according to a pulse width modulation (PWM) or comprise a pulse width modulated signal. Also, the control quantity can be supplied to the battery cells as information via a communication bus.
  • PWM pulse width modulation
  • the control quantity can be supplied to the battery cells as information via a communication bus.
  • FIG. 1 shows a battery system 10 is shown, which includes a battery 20 with a plurality of battery cells 21, which are connectable to the associated battery string 22 and bridged. For simplicity, only a single battery cell 21 has been drawn in Figure 1, which is connectable to the battery string 22.
  • the battery string 22 has a positive battery terminal terminal 23 and a negative battery terminal terminal 24.
  • the positive battery terminal terminal 23 is connected via a line 25 to the positive battery terminal 26.
  • a half-bridge 30 of two transistors 31, 32 is connected in parallel to the battery cell 21 via two terminals 33, 34.
  • the half bridge 30 is connected at its third terminal 35 (optionally via further battery cells with parallel half bridges) to the positive battery terminal 23.
  • Transistor 32 are switched in a non-conductive state, the battery cell 21 is connected to the battery string.
  • the transistor 31 is switched to a non-conductive state and the transistor 32 is switched to a conductive state, the battery cell 21 is bypassed.
  • the microcontroller 50 is further connected via an isolated communication bus 60 to a controller 70.
  • the regulator 70 is connected to the positive one by means of a sense line 71
  • the controller 70th further compares the detected output voltage UB of the battery 20 with a target value U 1 and generates taking into account the number of battery cells n a suitable desired control signal S1, in particular as a
  • pulse width modulated setpoint signal PWM1 is provided to the driver 40 via the communication bus 60 and the microcontroller 50.
  • the driver 40 then controls the transistors 31, 32 by means of the desired control signal S1 in such a way that the battery cells 21 are suitably connected and bridged to generate the desired value U 1 for the output voltage UB of the battery 20 to the battery string.
  • a method for determining the average state of charge of a battery and / or other characteristics of the battery derivable from the average charge state of the battery, wherein the battery comprises at least one battery string with a plurality of battery cells which can be connected and bridged to the battery string. Further, the battery cells are controlled by means of a control signal such that the battery cells are switched on average so to the battery string, that the output voltage of the battery is set to a desired target voltage.
  • the control signal is evaluated taking into account the set target voltage and the battery cell number.
  • a device for determining the average state of charge of a battery and / or other characteristics of the battery which can be derived from the average state of charge of the battery, wherein the
  • Battery comprises at least one battery string with a plurality of the battery string each switchable and bridgeable battery cells.
  • the Device comprises a control device, which is designed to, the
  • the device has an evaluation unit, which is designed to evaluate the control signal taking into account the set nominal voltage and the battery cell number when determining the average state of charge and / or the other, derivable from the average state of charge of the battery characteristics.
  • the battery cells by means of such
  • Control signal to the battery string in the middle switched that a
  • Output voltage of the battery is set to a desired target voltage.
  • the output voltage of the battery is set in the present invention by means of the control signal independent of the battery cell voltages or from the state of charge of the battery cells to the desired desired voltage. This means that the battery cells are controlled by means of such a control signal, that the
  • Control signal by means of which the output voltage of the battery is set to a desired target voltage, depending on the
  • Regulator is set to a desired target voltage to determine in a very simple manner.
  • the dependence of the control signal on the battery cell voltages is used to determine the average state of charge of the battery. This makes it possible to calculate the mean state of charge without the explicit knowledge of the battery cell voltages and their time course, whereby the computational effort in determining the average state of charge of the battery is significantly reduced. Out The thus determined average state of charge of the battery can then also be determined from the average state of charge derivable characteristics of the battery in a very simple manner.
  • control variable in the form of an analog or digital control signal, by means of which control variable the battery cells are actuated for suitable connection to the battery string, make.
  • the control variable behaves inversely proportional to the battery cell voltages.
  • a pulse width modulated signal is used as the control signal.
  • the control signal can be supplied to the battery cells via a communication bus as information.
  • PWM pulse width modulated control signal
  • Control variable in the presence of a low state of charge of the battery cells, a high duty cycle (duty cycle) are set by the controller.
  • a low duty cycle is set by the controller as a control variable in the presence of a high state of charge of the battery cells.
  • the average battery cell voltages each as a quotient between the set target voltage and the product of the number of battery cells and the predetermined by the control signal switch-on probability of the battery cells and / or the duty cycle as a control signal
  • Charging state of the battery determined from the average battery cell voltages. In other words, the average contribution of each battery cell to
  • Output voltage of the battery or to the total voltage of the battery string is equal to the total voltage of the battery string divided by the number of battery cells. Furthermore, the middle one
  • Battery cell voltage in each case equal to the average contribution of each battery cell divided by the switch-on probability or the duty cycle.
  • Batteriestrang located battery cells the average state of charge of the battery can be determined.
  • Another essential aspect of the invention relates to a battery system with a battery having at least one battery string, the more to the
  • each switchable and bridgeable battery cells comprises, wherein the battery system, the inventive device for determining the average state of charge of a battery and / or other, derived from the average state of charge of the battery characteristics of the battery.
  • the battery is a lithium-ion battery.
  • a vehicle is provided with a battery system according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 is a known from the prior art battery system, wherein the battery system comprises a battery with battery cells, which are switchable and bridgeable by means of a control signal to the associated battery string, and
  • FIG. 2 shows a battery system according to a first embodiment of the
  • the battery system comprises a battery
  • Battery cells which can be switched to the associated battery string by means of a suitable control signal and bridged are, and an evaluation unit for evaluating the
  • Control signal includes.
  • FIG. 2 shows a highly schematic diagram of a battery system 10 according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the battery system 10 comprises a battery 20 with a battery string 22 having a predetermined number n of battery cells 21, which can be connected to the battery string 22 and bridged.
  • the battery string 22 is connected between the negative battery terminal 24 and the positive battery terminal 26.
  • the battery system 10 of the invention comprises a device 1 1 for determining the average state of charge LZ of the battery 20. Die
  • Inventive device 1 1 comprises a control device 80 and a
  • Evaluation unit 90 The functions of the control device 80 and the
  • Evaluation unit 90 will be described in more detail below.
  • the battery cells 21 are connected at their terminals via a not separately shown integrated electronics in each case with the control device 80.
  • the control device 80 is connected to the battery terminals 24, 26 and designed to detect the output voltage UB of the battery 20 and to compare this detected output voltage UB of the battery 20 with a desired setpoint voltage U 1.
  • control device 80 controls the battery cells 21 by means of such a control signal S1, that the battery cells 21 are switched on average to the battery string 22 so that the output voltage UB of the battery 20 is set to the desired desired voltage U 1.
  • Control device 80 can be a pulse-width modulated control signal S1
  • the battery 20 with battery string 22 and the control device 80 together correspond to the battery system 10 shown in Figure 1, which is why the same reference numerals are used for the designation of the same components. Furthermore, the control device 80 according to the invention is connected to an evaluation unit 90, which is designed to control signal S1 generated by the control device 80 taking into account the set
  • Target output voltage U1 of the battery 20 and the battery cell number n to determine the average state of charge (SOC) LZ of the battery 20 to evaluate.
  • the evaluation unit 90 is also designed to determine other characteristics of the battery 20 that can be derived from the mean charge state LZ of the battery 20.
  • the three arrows shown to the left of the evaluation unit 90 symbolize the information provided by the control unit 80 of the evaluation unit 90, ie the control signal S1 generated as a pulse width modulated signal PWM1, the setpoint voltage U1 for the output voltage of the battery UB, and
  • Battery cell number n which are evaluated to determine the average state of charge LZ of the battery 20 of the evaluation unit 90.
  • the arrow to the right of the evaluation unit 90 symbolizes the average charge state LZ of the battery 20 determined by the evaluation unit 90.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for determining the average state of charge (LZ) of a battery (20) and/or other characteristic values of the battery (20) that can be derived from the average state of charge (LZ) of the battery (20), wherein the battery (20) comprises at least one battery bank (22) having a plurality of battery cells (21), which each can be connected to the battery bank (22) and can be bypassed. Furthermore, the battery cells (21) are controlled by means of such a control signal (S1, PWM1) that the battery cells (21) are connected to the battery bank (22) on average in such a way that the output voltage (UB) of the battery (20) is set to a desired target voltage (U1). In order to determine the average state of charge (LZ) and/or the other characteristic values that can be derived from the average state of charge (LZ) of the battery (20), the control signal (S1, PWM1) is evaluated, wherein the set target voltage (U1) and the battery cell quantity (n) are taken into account.

Description

Beschreibung Titel  Description title
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung des mittleren Ladezustandes einer Batterie  Method and device for determining the average state of charge of a battery
Bereich der Erfindung Field of the invention
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Ermittlung des mittleren Ladezustandes einer Batterie und/oder anderen, aus dem mittleren Ladezustand der Batterie ableitbaren Kenngrößen der Batterie, wobei die Batterie mindestens einen Batteriestrang mit mehreren zu dem Batteriestrang jeweils zuschaltbaren und überbrückbaren Batteriezellen umfasst und die Batteriezellen mittels eines derartigen Steuersignals angesteuert werden, dass die Batteriezellen im Mittel so zu dem Batteriestrang zugeschaltet werden, dass die Ausgangsspannung der Batterie auf eine gewünschte Sollausgangspannung eingestellt wird. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung eine entsprechende Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung des mittleren Ladezustandes einer Batterie und/oder anderen, aus dem mittleren Ladezustand der Batterie ableitbaren Kenngrößen der Batterie. Auch betrifft die Erfindung ein Batteriesystem, das eine Batterie mit mindestens einem Batteriestrang aufweist, der mehrere zu dem Batteriestrang jeweils zuschaltbare und überbrückbare Batteriezellen umfasst. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung ein Fahrzeug mit einem Batteriesystem. The present invention relates to a method for determining the average state of charge of a battery and / or other, derived from the average state of charge of the battery characteristics of the battery, the battery comprises at least one battery string with a plurality of battery string each switchable and bridgeable battery cells and the battery cells by means be controlled such a control signal that the battery cells are switched on average so to the battery string, that the output voltage of the battery is set to a desired target output voltage. Furthermore, the invention relates to a corresponding device for determining the average state of charge of a battery and / or other, derived from the average state of charge of the battery characteristics of the battery. The invention also relates to a battery system which has a battery with at least one battery string, which comprises a plurality of battery cells each switchable to the battery string and bridgeable. Furthermore, the invention relates to a vehicle with a battery system.
Stand der Technik State of the art
In früheren Patentanmeldungen der Anmelderin wurden Verfahren beschrieben wie durch eine Erfassung der Gesamtspannung (Ausgangsspannung) einer Batterie und einen Vergleich der Gesamtspannung mit einer Sollspannung in einem Regler die Ansteuerung der einzelnen Batteriezellen der Batterie erfolgen kann. Hierbei wird den Batteriezellen über eine integrierte Elektronik eine Steuergröße in Form eines analogen oder digitalen Signals zugeführt, so dass die In the applicant's earlier patent applications, methods have been described, such as by detecting the total voltage (output voltage) of a battery and comparing the total voltage with a setpoint voltage in a controller to control the individual battery cells of the battery. In this case, the battery cells via an integrated electronics, a control variable is supplied in the form of an analog or digital signal, so that the
Batteriezellen im Mittel so zuschalten, dass die gewünschte Gesamtspannung beziehungsweise Ausgangsspannung der Batterie eingestellt wird. Die Switch the battery cells on average so that the desired total voltage or output voltage of the battery is set. The
Steuergröße kann gemäß einer Pulsweitenmodulation (PWM) erzeugt werden beziehungsweise ein pulsweitenmoduliertes Signal umfassen. Auch kann die Steuergröße den Batteriezellen als Information über einen Kommunikationsbus zugeführt werden. Control variable can be generated according to a pulse width modulation (PWM) or comprise a pulse width modulated signal. Also, the control quantity can be supplied to the battery cells as information via a communication bus.
In der Figur 1 ist ein Batteriesystem 10 dargestellt, das eine Batterie 20 mit mehreren Batteriezellen 21 umfasst, die zu dem zugehörigen Batteriestrang 22 zuschaltbar und überbrückbar sind. Der Einfachheit halber wurde in der Figur 1 nur eine einzelne Batteriezelle 21 eingezeichnet, die zu dem Batteriestrang 22 zuschaltbar ist. Der Batteriestrang 22 weist ein positives Batteriestrangterminal 23 und ein negatives Batteriestrangterminal auf 24. Das positive Batteriestrangterminal 23 ist über einer Leitung 25 mit dem positiven Batterieterminal 26 verbunden. 1 shows a battery system 10 is shown, which includes a battery 20 with a plurality of battery cells 21, which are connectable to the associated battery string 22 and bridged. For simplicity, only a single battery cell 21 has been drawn in Figure 1, which is connectable to the battery string 22. The battery string 22 has a positive battery terminal terminal 23 and a negative battery terminal terminal 24. The positive battery terminal terminal 23 is connected via a line 25 to the positive battery terminal 26.
Eine Halbbrücke 30 aus zwei Transistoren 31 , 32 ist über zwei Anschlüsse 33, 34 parallel zu der Batteriezelle 21 geschaltet. Die Halbbrücke 30 ist an ihrem dritten Anschluss 35 (gegebenenfalls über weitere Batteriezellen mit parallel geschalteten Halbbrücken) mit dem positiven Batteriestranganschluss 23 verbunden. Wenn der Transistor 31 in einem leitenden Zustand und der A half-bridge 30 of two transistors 31, 32 is connected in parallel to the battery cell 21 via two terminals 33, 34. The half bridge 30 is connected at its third terminal 35 (optionally via further battery cells with parallel half bridges) to the positive battery terminal 23. When the transistor 31 is in a conductive state and the
Transistor 32 in einem nicht leitenden Zustand geschaltet werden, wird die Batteriezelle 21 zu dem Batteriestrang zugeschaltet. Wenn der Transistor 31 in einem nicht leitenden Zustand und der Transistor 32 in einem leitenden Zustand geschaltet werden, wird die Batteriezelle 21 überbrückt. Transistor 32 are switched in a non-conductive state, the battery cell 21 is connected to the battery string. When the transistor 31 is switched to a non-conductive state and the transistor 32 is switched to a conductive state, the battery cell 21 is bypassed.
Die Ansteuerung der Transistoren 31 , 32 geschieht über einen in dem The control of the transistors 31, 32 via a in the
Batteriesystem 10 angeordneten Treiber 40, der eingangsseitig mit einem MikroController 50 und ausgangsseitig mit den Transistoren 31 , 32 verbunden ist. Der Mikrokontroller 50 ist ferner über einen isolierten Kommunikationsbus 60 mit einem Regler 70 verbunden. Battery system 10 arranged driver 40, the input side with a microcontroller 50 and the output side to the transistors 31, 32 is connected. The microcontroller 50 is further connected via an isolated communication bus 60 to a controller 70.
Der Regler 70 ist mittels einer Senseleitung 71 mit der mit dem positiven The regulator 70 is connected to the positive one by means of a sense line 71
Batterieterminal 26 verbundenen Leitung 25 verbunden und erfasst über die Senseleitung 71 die Ausgangsspannung UB der Batterie 20. Der Regler 70 vergleicht ferner die erfasste Ausgangsspannung UB der Batterie 20 mit einem Sollwert U 1 und erzeugt unter Berücksichtigung der Anzahl der Batteriezellen n ein geeignetes Sollsteuersignal S1 , der insbesondere als ein Battery terminal 26 connected line 25 and detected via the sense line 71, the output voltage UB of the battery 20. The controller 70th further compares the detected output voltage UB of the battery 20 with a target value U 1 and generates taking into account the number of battery cells n a suitable desired control signal S1, in particular as a
pulsweitenmoduliertes Sollsignal PWM1 über den Kommunikationsbus 60 und dem Mikrokontroller 50 dem Treiber 40 bereitgestellt wird. Der Treiber 40 steuert dann die Transistoren 31 , 32 mittels des Sollsteuersignals S1 derartig an, dass die Batteriezellen 21 geeignet für die Erzeugung des Sollwertes U 1 für die Ausgangsspannung UB der Batterie 20 zu dem Batteriestrang zugeschaltet und überbrückt werden. pulse width modulated setpoint signal PWM1 is provided to the driver 40 via the communication bus 60 and the microcontroller 50. The driver 40 then controls the transistors 31, 32 by means of the desired control signal S1 in such a way that the battery cells 21 are suitably connected and bridged to generate the desired value U 1 for the output voltage UB of the battery 20 to the battery string.
Da die Ausgangsspannung UB der Batterie 20 im Falle einer solchen Since the output voltage UB of the battery 20 in the case of such
Realisierung, wie sie in der Figur 1 dargestellt ist, einen gewünschten Realization, as shown in Figure 1, a desired
Spannungs-Sollwert U 1 annimmt, lässt der Verlauf der eingestellten Voltage setpoint U 1 assumes leaves the course of the set
Ausgangsspannung UB = U 1 der Batterie 2 keinen Rückschluss mehr auf den mittleren Ladezustand der Batterie 20 oder auf andere, aus dem mittlerenOutput voltage UB = U 1 of the battery 2 no conclusion on the average state of charge of the battery 20 or other, from the middle
Ladezustand ableitbare Kenngrößen der Batterie 20 zu. Charging state derivable characteristics of the battery 20 too.
Offenbarung der Erfindung Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Verfahren zur Ermittlung des mittleren Ladezustandes einer Batterie und/oder anderen, aus dem mittleren Ladezustand der Batterie ableitbaren Kenngrößen der Batterie bereitgestellt, wobei die Batterie mindestens einen Batteriestrang mit mehreren zu dem Batteriestrang jeweils zuschaltbaren und überbrückbaren Batteriezellen umfasst. Ferner werden die Batteriezellen mittels eines Steuersignals derart angesteuert, dass die Batteriezellen im Mittel so zu dem Batteriestrang zugeschaltet werden, dass die Ausgangsspannung der Batterie auf eine gewünschte Sollspannung eingestellt wird. Dabei wird bei der Ermittlung des mittleren Ladezustandes und/oder der anderen, aus dem mittleren Ladezustand der Batterie ableitbaren Kenngrößen das Steuersignal unter der Berücksichtigung der eingestellten Sollspannung und der Batteriezellenanzahl ausgewertet. According to the invention, a method is provided for determining the average state of charge of a battery and / or other characteristics of the battery derivable from the average charge state of the battery, wherein the battery comprises at least one battery string with a plurality of battery cells which can be connected and bridged to the battery string. Further, the battery cells are controlled by means of a control signal such that the battery cells are switched on average so to the battery string, that the output voltage of the battery is set to a desired target voltage. In this case, in the determination of the average state of charge and / or the other, derivable from the average state of charge of the battery characteristics, the control signal is evaluated taking into account the set target voltage and the battery cell number.
Ferner wird erfindungsgemäß eine Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung des mittleren Ladezustandes einer Batterie und/oder anderer, aus dem mittleren Ladezustand der Batterie ableitbaren Kenngrößen der Batterie bereitgestellt, wobei dieFurthermore, according to the invention, a device is provided for determining the average state of charge of a battery and / or other characteristics of the battery which can be derived from the average state of charge of the battery, wherein the
Batterie mindestens einen Batteriestrang mit mehreren zu dem Batteriestrang jeweils zuschaltbaren und überbrückbaren Batteriezellen umfasst. Die Vorrichtung umfasst eine Steuereinrichtung, die dazu ausgebildet ist, die Battery comprises at least one battery string with a plurality of the battery string each switchable and bridgeable battery cells. The Device comprises a control device, which is designed to, the
Batteriezellen mittels eines derartigen Steuersignals anzusteuern, dass die Batteriezellen im Mittel so zu dem Batteriestrang zuschaltbar sind, dass die Ausgangsspannung der Batterie auf eine gewünschte Sollspannung eingestellt werden kann. Dabei weist die Vorrichtung eine Auswerteeinheit auf, die dazu ausgebildet ist, bei der Ermittlung des mittleren Ladezustandes und/oder der anderen, aus dem mittleren Ladezustand der Batterie ableitbaren Kenngrößen das Steuersignal unter der Berücksichtigung der eingestellten Sollspannung und der Batteriezellenanzahl auszuwerten. To control battery cells by means of such a control signal that the battery cells are switched on average so to the battery string, that the output voltage of the battery can be set to a desired target voltage. In this case, the device has an evaluation unit, which is designed to evaluate the control signal taking into account the set nominal voltage and the battery cell number when determining the average state of charge and / or the other, derivable from the average state of charge of the battery characteristics.
Die Unteransprüche zeigen bevorzugte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung. The dependent claims show preferred developments of the invention.
Bei der Erfindung werden die Batteriezellen mittels eines derartigen In the invention, the battery cells by means of such
Steuersignals zu dem Batteriestrang im Mittel zugeschaltet, dass eine Control signal to the battery string in the middle switched that a
Ausgangsspannung der Batterie auf eine gewünschte Sollspannung eingestellt wird. Die Ausgangsspannung der Batterie wird bei der vorliegenden Erfindung mittels des Steuersignals unabhängig von den Batteriezellenspannungen beziehungsweise von dem Ladezustand der Batteriezellen auf die gewünschte Sollspannung eingestellt. Das bedeutet, dass die Batteriezellen mittels eines derartigen Steuersignals angesteuert werden, dass sich die Output voltage of the battery is set to a desired target voltage. The output voltage of the battery is set in the present invention by means of the control signal independent of the battery cell voltages or from the state of charge of the battery cells to the desired desired voltage. This means that the battery cells are controlled by means of such a control signal, that the
Einschaltwahrscheinlichkeit der Batteriezellen zu dem Batteriestrang umgekehrt proportional zu den Batteriezellenspannungen beziehungsweise zu dem Switching probability of the battery cells to the battery string inversely proportional to the battery cell voltages or to the
Ladezustand der Batteriezellen verhält. Anders ausgedrückt, ist das State of charge of the battery cells behaves. In other words, that's it
Steuersignal, mittels dem die Ausgangsspannung der Batterie auf eine gewünschte Sollspannung eingestellt wird, abhängig von den Control signal, by means of which the output voltage of the battery is set to a desired target voltage, depending on the
Batteriezellenspannungen beziehungsweise von dem Ladezustand der Battery cell voltages or from the state of charge of the
Batteriezellen. Battery cells.
Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und Vorrichtung ist es möglich, den mittleren Ladezustand einer Batterie, deren Ausgangsspannung mittels einesBy the method and apparatus according to the invention, it is possible, the average state of charge of a battery whose output voltage by means of a
Reglers auf einer gewünschten Sollspannung eingestellt wird, in sehr einfacher Weise zu ermitteln. Durch eine Auswertung des Steuersignals wird zur Ermittlung des mittleren Ladezustandes der Batterie die Abhängigkeit des Steuersignals von den Batteriezellenspannungen ausgenutzt. Dadurch wird es möglich, den mittleren Ladezustand ohne die explizite Kenntnis der Batteriezellenspannungen und deren zeitlichen Verlauf zu berechnen, wodurch der Rechenaufwand bei der Ermittlung des mittleren Ladezustandes der Batterie erheblich reduziert wird. Aus dem so ermittelten mittleren Ladezustand der Batterie können dann auch weitere aus dem mittleren Ladezustand ableitbare Kenngrößen der Batterie auf eine sehr einfache Weise ermittelt werden. Regulator is set to a desired target voltage to determine in a very simple manner. By evaluating the control signal, the dependence of the control signal on the battery cell voltages is used to determine the average state of charge of the battery. This makes it possible to calculate the mean state of charge without the explicit knowledge of the battery cell voltages and their time course, whereby the computational effort in determining the average state of charge of the battery is significantly reduced. Out The thus determined average state of charge of the battery can then also be determined from the average state of charge derivable characteristics of the battery in a very simple manner.
Mit anderen Worten, es wird erfindungsgemäß zur Ermittlung des mittleren Ladezustandes einer Batterie und der daraus ableitbaren Kenngrößen der Batterie vorgeschlagen, eine Auswertung einer in Form eines analogen oder digitalen Steuersignals vorliegenden Steuergröße, mittels welcher Steuergröße die Batteriezellen zum geeigneten Zuschalten zu dem Batteriestrang angesteuert werden, vorzunehmen. Dabei verhält sich die Steuergröße umgekehrt proportional zu den Batteriezellspannungen. In other words, it is proposed according to the invention for determining the average state of charge of a battery and the characteristic quantities of the battery derivable therefrom, an evaluation of a control variable in the form of an analog or digital control signal, by means of which control variable the battery cells are actuated for suitable connection to the battery string, make. The control variable behaves inversely proportional to the battery cell voltages.
Bei einer besonderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird als Steuersignal ein pulsweitenmoduliertes Signal verwendet. Auch kann das Steuersignal den Batteriezellen über einen Kommunikationsbus als Information zugeführt werden. In a particular embodiment of the invention, a pulse width modulated signal is used as the control signal. Also, the control signal can be supplied to the battery cells via a communication bus as information.
Dabei kann in dem Fall, in dem die Batteriezellen mittels eines In this case, in the case where the battery cells by means of a
pulsweitenmodulierten Steuersignals (PWM) angesteuert werden, als pulse width modulated control signal (PWM) are controlled as
Steuergröße beim Vorliegen eines niedrigen Ladezustandes der Batteriezellen ein hohes Tastverhältnis (Duty Cycle) durch den Regler eingestellt werden. Control variable in the presence of a low state of charge of the battery cells, a high duty cycle (duty cycle) are set by the controller.
Ferner wird als Steuergröße beim Vorliegen eines hohen Ladezustandes der Batteriezellen ein niedriges Tastverhältnis durch den Regler eingestellt. Damit kann unter der Kenntnis der eingestellten Ausgangsspannung der Batterie, der Auswertung der Steuergröße (des Tastverhältnisses des pulsweitenmodulierten Steuersignals, der Einschaltwahrscheinlichkeit der Batteriezellen, und der Form des analogen Steuersignals) sowie insbesondere unter der Kenntnis der Anzahl der in der Batterie verbauten Batteriezellen der mittlere Ladezustand der Batterie bestimmt werden. Furthermore, a low duty cycle is set by the controller as a control variable in the presence of a high state of charge of the battery cells. Thus, under the knowledge of the set output voltage of the battery, the evaluation of the control variable (the duty cycle of the pulse width modulated control signal, the probability of switching the battery cells, and the shape of the analog control signal) and in particular under the knowledge of the number of built-in battery cells, the average state of charge the battery to be determined.
Bei einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung werden die mittleren Batteriezellspannungen jeweils als Quotienten zwischen der eingestellten Sollspannung und dem Produkt aus der Anzahl der Batteriezellen und der durch das Steuersignal vorgegebenen Einschaltwahrscheinlichkeit der Batteriezellen und/oder des Tastverhältnisses eines als Steuersignal In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the average battery cell voltages each as a quotient between the set target voltage and the product of the number of battery cells and the predetermined by the control signal switch-on probability of the battery cells and / or the duty cycle as a control signal
verwendeten pulsweitenmodulierten Signals berechnet und der mittlere calculated pulse width modulated signal and the mean
Ladezustand der Batterie aus den mittleren Batteriezellspannungen ermittelt. Anders ausgedrückt, der mittlere Beitrag jeder Batteriezelle zur Charging state of the battery determined from the average battery cell voltages. In other words, the average contribution of each battery cell to
Ausgangsspannung der Batterie beziehungsweise zur Gesamtspannung des Batteriestranges ist dabei gleich der Gesamtspannung des Batteriestranges dividiert durch die Anzahl der Batteriezellen. Ferner ist die mittlere Output voltage of the battery or to the total voltage of the battery string is equal to the total voltage of the battery string divided by the number of battery cells. Furthermore, the middle one
Batteriezellspannung jeweils gleich dem mittleren Beitrag jeder Batteriezelle dividiert durch die Einschaltwahrscheinlichkeit oder das Tastverhältnis. Damit kann unter der Kenntnis der mittleren Batteriezellspannung der in dem Battery cell voltage in each case equal to the average contribution of each battery cell divided by the switch-on probability or the duty cycle. Thus, under the knowledge of the average battery cell voltage in the
Batteriestrang befindlichen Batteriezellen der mittlere Ladezustand der Batterie ermittelt werden. Batteriestrang located battery cells, the average state of charge of the battery can be determined.
Ein anderer wesentlicher Aspekt der Erfindung betrifft ein Batteriesystem mit einer Batterie mit mindestens einem Batteriestrang, der mehrere zu dem Another essential aspect of the invention relates to a battery system with a battery having at least one battery string, the more to the
Batteriestrang jeweils zuschaltbare und überbrückbare Batteriezellen umfasst, wobei das Batteriesystem die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung des mittleren Ladezustandes einer Batterie und/oder anderen, aus dem mittleren Ladezustand der Batterie ableitbaren Kenngrößen der Batterie aufweist. Batteriestrang each switchable and bridgeable battery cells comprises, wherein the battery system, the inventive device for determining the average state of charge of a battery and / or other, derived from the average state of charge of the battery characteristics of the battery.
Vorzugsweise ist die Batterie eine Lithium-Ionen-Batterie. Preferably, the battery is a lithium-ion battery.
Erfindungsgemäß wird auch ein Fahrzeug mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Batteriesystem bereitgestellt. According to the invention, a vehicle is provided with a battery system according to the invention.
Kurze Beschreibung der Zeichnungen Brief description of the drawings
Nachfolgend werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die begleitenden Zeichnungen im Detail beschrieben. In den Zeichnungen ist: Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:
Figur 1 ein aus dem Stand der Technik bekanntes Batteriesystem, wobei das Batteriesystem eine Batterie mit Batteriezellen, die mittels eines Steuersignals zu dem zugehörigen Batteriestrang zuschaltbar und überbrückbar sind, umfasst, und Figure 1 is a known from the prior art battery system, wherein the battery system comprises a battery with battery cells, which are switchable and bridgeable by means of a control signal to the associated battery string, and
Figur 2 ein Batteriesystem nach einer ersten Ausführungsform der 2 shows a battery system according to a first embodiment of the
Erfindung, wobei das Batteriesystem eine Batterie mit  Invention, wherein the battery system comprises a battery
Batteriezellen, die zu dem zugehörigen Batteriestrang mittels eines geeigneten Steuersignals zuschaltbar und überbrückbar sind, und eine Auswerteeinheit zum Auswerten des Battery cells, which can be switched to the associated battery string by means of a suitable control signal and bridged are, and an evaluation unit for evaluating the
Steuersignals umfasst.  Control signal includes.
Ausführungsform der Erfindung Embodiment of the invention
In der Figur 2 ist ein Batteriesystem 10 nach einer ersten Ausführungsform der Erfindung stark schematisiert dargestellt. Das Batteriesystem 10 umfasst eine Batterie 20 mit einem Batteriestrang 22 mit einer vorbestimmten Anzahl n an Batteriezellen 21 , die zu dem Batteriestrang 22 zuschaltbar und überbrückbar sind. Dabei ist der Batteriestrang 22 zwischen dem negativen Batterieterminal 24 und dem positiven Batterieterminal 26 angeschlossen. FIG. 2 shows a highly schematic diagram of a battery system 10 according to a first embodiment of the invention. The battery system 10 comprises a battery 20 with a battery string 22 having a predetermined number n of battery cells 21, which can be connected to the battery string 22 and bridged. In this case, the battery string 22 is connected between the negative battery terminal 24 and the positive battery terminal 26.
Ferner umfasst das erfindungsgemäße Batteriesystem 10 eine Vorrichtung 1 1 zur Ermittlung des mittleren Ladezustandes LZ der Batterie 20. Die Furthermore, the battery system 10 of the invention comprises a device 1 1 for determining the average state of charge LZ of the battery 20. Die
erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 1 1 umfasst eine Steuereinrichtung 80 und eineInventive device 1 1 comprises a control device 80 and a
Auswerteeinheit 90. Die Funktionen der Steuereinrichtung 80 und der Evaluation unit 90. The functions of the control device 80 and the
Auswerteeinheit 90 werden im Folgenden näher beschrieben. Evaluation unit 90 will be described in more detail below.
Die Batteriezellen 21 sind an ihren Anschlüssen über eine nicht separat dargestellte integrierte Elektronik jeweils mit der Steuereinrichtung 80 verbunden.The battery cells 21 are connected at their terminals via a not separately shown integrated electronics in each case with the control device 80.
Die Steuereinrichtung 80 ist mit den Batterieterminals 24, 26 verbunden und dazu ausgebildet, die Ausgangsspannung UB der Batterie 20 zu erfassen und diese erfassten Ausgangsspannung UB der Batterie 20 mit einer gewünschten Sollspannung U 1 zu vergleichen. The control device 80 is connected to the battery terminals 24, 26 and designed to detect the output voltage UB of the battery 20 and to compare this detected output voltage UB of the battery 20 with a desired setpoint voltage U 1.
Ferner steuert die Steuereinrichtung 80 die Batteriezellen 21 mittels eines derartigen Steuersignals S1 an, dass die Batteriezellen 21 im Mittel so zu dem Batteriestrang 22 zugeschaltet werden, dass die Ausgangsspannung UB der Batterie 20 auf die gewünschte Sollspannung U 1 eingestellt wird. Die Furthermore, the control device 80 controls the battery cells 21 by means of such a control signal S1, that the battery cells 21 are switched on average to the battery string 22 so that the output voltage UB of the battery 20 is set to the desired desired voltage U 1. The
Steuereinrichtung 80 kann dabei als Steuersignal S1 ein pulsweitemoduliertesControl device 80 can be a pulse-width modulated control signal S1
Signal PWM1 erzeugen. Generate signal PWM1.
Die Batterie 20 mit Batteriestrang 22 sowie die Steuereinrichtung 80 entsprechen zusammen dem in Figur 1 dargestellten Batteriesystem 10, weswegen hier für die Bezeichnung gleicher Bauteile auch die gleichen Bezugszeichen verwendet werden. Ferner ist die Steuereinrichtung 80 erfindungsgemäß mit einer Auswerteeinheit 90 verbunden, die dazu ausgebildet ist, das von der Steuereinrichtung 80 erzeugte Steuersignal S1 unter der Berücksichtigung der eingestellten The battery 20 with battery string 22 and the control device 80 together correspond to the battery system 10 shown in Figure 1, which is why the same reference numerals are used for the designation of the same components. Furthermore, the control device 80 according to the invention is connected to an evaluation unit 90, which is designed to control signal S1 generated by the control device 80 taking into account the set
Sollausgangspannung U1 der Batterie 20 und der Batteriezellenanzahl n zur Ermittlung des mittleren Ladezustands (SOC) LZ der Batterie 20 auszuwerten. Die Auswerteeinheit 90 ist ferner ausgebildet, auch andere, aus dem mittleren Ladezustand LZ der Batterie 20 ableitbare Kenngrößen der Batterie 20 zu ermitteln. Target output voltage U1 of the battery 20 and the battery cell number n to determine the average state of charge (SOC) LZ of the battery 20 to evaluate. The evaluation unit 90 is also designed to determine other characteristics of the battery 20 that can be derived from the mean charge state LZ of the battery 20.
Die drei links neben der Auswerteeinheit 90 dargestellten Pfeile symbolisieren die von der Steuereinheit 80 der Auswerteeinheit 90 bereitgestellte Information, also das als pulsweitenmoduliertes Signal PWM1 erzeugte Steuersignal S1 , die Sollspannung U1 für die Ausgangsspannung der Batterie UB, und die The three arrows shown to the left of the evaluation unit 90 symbolize the information provided by the control unit 80 of the evaluation unit 90, ie the control signal S1 generated as a pulse width modulated signal PWM1, the setpoint voltage U1 for the output voltage of the battery UB, and
Batteriezellenanzahl n, die zur Ermittlung des mittleren Ladezustandes LZ der Batterie 20 von der Auswerteeinheit 90 auswertet werden. Der rechts neben der Auswerteeinheit 90 dargestellte Pfeil symbolisiert den von der Auswerteeinheit 90 ermittelten mittleren Ladezustand LZ der Batterie 20. Battery cell number n, which are evaluated to determine the average state of charge LZ of the battery 20 of the evaluation unit 90. The arrow to the right of the evaluation unit 90 symbolizes the average charge state LZ of the battery 20 determined by the evaluation unit 90.
Neben der voranstehenden schriftlichen Offenbarung wird hiermit zur weiteren Offenbarung der Erfindung ergänzend auf die Darstellung in den Figuren 1 bis 2 Bezug genommen. In addition to the above written disclosure, reference is hereby made to the disclosure of the invention in addition to the illustration in Figures 1 to 2 reference.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1 . Verfahren zur Ermittlung des mittleren Ladezustandes (LZ) einer Batterie1 . Method for determining the average state of charge (LZ) of a battery
(20) und/oder von aus dem mittleren Ladezustand (LZ) der Batterie (20) ableitbaren Kenngrößen der Batterie (20), wobei die Batterie (20) mindestens einen Batteriestrang (22) mit mehreren zu dem Batteriestrang (22) jeweils zuschaltbaren und überbrückbaren Batteriezellen (21 ) umfasst und die Batteriezellen (21 ) mittels eines derartigen Steuersignals (S1 , PWM1 ) angesteuert werden, dass die Batteriezellen (21 ) im Mittel so zu dem Batteriestrang (22) zugeschaltet werden, dass die Ausgangsspannung (UB) der Batterie (20) auf eine gewünschte Sollspannung (U1 ) eingestellt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Ermittlung des mittleren (20) and / or of from the average state of charge (LZ) of the battery (20) derivable characteristics of the battery (20), wherein the battery (20) at least one battery string (22) with several to the battery string (22) each switchable and Bridgeable battery cells (21) and the battery cells (21) are controlled by means of such a control signal (S1, PWM1) that the battery cells (21) are switched on average to the battery string (22) that the output voltage (UB) of the battery (20) is set to a desired nominal voltage (U1), characterized in that for determining the average
Ladezustandes (LZ) und/oder anderer, aus dem mittleren Ladezustand (LZ) der Batterie (20) ableitbarer Kenngrößen das Steuersignal (S1 , PWM1 ) unter der Berücksichtigung der eingestellten Sollspannung (U1 ) und der Batteriezellenanzahl (n) ausgewertet wird.  Charging state (LZ) and / or other, from the average state of charge (LZ) of the battery (20) derivable characteristics of the control signal (S1, PWM1) is evaluated taking into account the set target voltage (U1) and the battery cell number (n).
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as
Steuersignal (S1 , PWM1 ) ein pulsweitenmoduliertes Signal (PWM1 ) verwendet wird und/oder das Steuersignal (S1 , PWM1 ) den Batteriezellen Control signal (S1, PWM1) is a pulse width modulated signal (PWM1) is used and / or the control signal (S1, PWM1) the battery cells
(21 ) über einen Kommunikationsbus (60) als Information zugeführt wird. (21) is supplied via a communication bus (60) as information.
3. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mittleren Batteriezellspannungen jeweils als Quotient zwischen der eingestellten Sollspannung (U1 ) und dem Produkt aus der Anzahl der Batteriezellen (n) und der durch das Steuersignal (S1 , PWM1 ) 3. The method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the average battery cell voltages each as a quotient between the set nominal voltage (U1) and the product of the number of battery cells (n) and by the control signal (S1, PWM1)
vorgegebenen Einschaltwahrscheinlichkeit der Batteriezellen zu dem Batteriestrang zugeschaltet werden und/oder des Tastverhältnisses eines als Steuersignal (S1 ) verwendeten pulsweitenmodulierten Signals (PWM1 ) berechnet werden und der mittlere Ladezustand (LZ) der Batterie (20) aus den mittleren Batteriezellspannungen ermittelt wird. Vorrichtung (1 1 ) zur Ermittlung des mittleren Ladezustandes (LZ) einer Batterie (20) und/oder anderer aus dem mittleren Ladezustand (LZ) der Batterie (20) ableitbaren Kenngrößen der Batterie (20), wobei die Batteriepredetermined switch-on probability of the battery cells are connected to the battery string and / or the duty cycle of a control signal (S1) used pulse width modulated signal (PWM1) are calculated and the average state of charge (LZ) of the battery (20) from the average battery cell voltages is determined. Device (1 1) for determining the average state of charge (LZ) of a battery (20) and / or other from the average state of charge (LZ) of the battery (20) derivable characteristics of the battery (20), wherein the battery
(20) mindestens einen Batteriestrang (22) mit mehreren zu dem (20) at least one battery string (22) having a plurality of the
Batteriestrang (22) jeweils zuschaltbare und überbrückbare BatteriezellenBattery string (22) respectively switchable and bridgeable battery cells
(21 ) umfasst und die Vorrichtung (1 1 ) eine Steuereinrichtung (80) umfasst, die dazu ausgebildet ist, die Batteriezellen (21 ) mittels eines derartigen Steuersignals (S1 , PWM1 ) anzusteuern, dass die Batteriezellen (21 ) im Mittel so zu dem Batteriestrang (22) zuschaltbar sind, dass die (21) and the device (1 1) comprises a control device (80) which is designed to control the battery cells (21) by means of such a control signal (S1, PWM1) that the battery cells (21) on average to the Battery string (22) are switchable, that the
Ausgangsspannung (UB) der Batterie (20) auf eine gewünschte Output voltage (UB) of the battery (20) to a desired
Sollspannung (U1 ) eingestellt werden kann, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (1 1 ) eine Auswerteeinheit (90) aufweist, die dazu ausgebildet ist, zur Ermittlung des mittleren Ladezustandes (LZ) und/oder anderer aus dem mittleren Ladezustand (LZ) der Batterie (20) ableitbarer Kenngrößen das Steuersignal (S1 , PWM1 ) unter der Berücksichtigung der eingestellten Sollspannung (U1 ) und der Batteriezellenanzahl (n) auszuwerten. Target voltage (U1) can be adjusted, characterized in that the device (1 1) has an evaluation unit (90) which is adapted to determine the average state of charge (LZ) and / or other from the average state of charge (LZ) Battery (20) derivable characteristics the control signal (S1, PWM1) taking into account the set target voltage (U1) and the battery cell number (n) evaluate.
Vorrichtung (1 1 ) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuereinrichtung (80) dazu ausgebildet ist, das Steuersignal Device (1 1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the control device (80) is adapted to the control signal
(S1 , PWM1 ) als ein pulsweitenmoduliertes Signal (PWM1 ) zu erzeugen und/oder das Steuersignal (S1 , PWM1 ) den Batteriezellen (21 ) über einen Kommunikationsbus (60) als Information zuzuführen. (S1, PWM1) as a pulse width modulated signal (PWM1) and / or to supply the control signal (S1, PWM1) to the battery cells (21) via a communication bus (60) as information.
Vorrichtung (1 1 ) nach einem der Ansprüche 4 oder 5, dadurch Device (1 1) according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass die Auswerteeinheit (90) dazu ausgebildet ist, die mittleren Batteriezellspannungen jeweils als Quotienten zwischen der eingestellten Sollspannung (U1 ) und dem Produkt aus der Anzahl der Batteriezellen und der durch das Steuersignal (S1 , PWM1 ) vorgegebenen Einschaltwahrscheinlichkeit der Batteriezellen (21 ) und/oder des characterized in that the evaluation unit (90) is designed to determine the mean battery cell voltages in each case as quotients between the set reference voltage (U1) and the product of the number of battery cells and the switch-on probability of the battery cells (21) predetermined by the control signal (S1, PWM1). and / or the
Tastverhältnisses eines als Steuersignal (S1 ) verwendeten Duty cycle of a used as a control signal (S1)
pulsweitenmodulierten Signals (PWM1 ) zu berechnen und den mittlere Ladezustand (LZ) der Batterie (20) aus den berechneten mittleren pulse width modulated signal (PWM1) to calculate and the average state of charge (LZ) of the battery (20) from the calculated average
Batteriezellspannungen zu bestimmen. To determine battery cell voltages.
Batteriesystem (1 1 ) mit einer Batterie (20) mit mindestens einem Battery system (1 1) with a battery (20) with at least one
Batteriestrang (22), der mehrere zu dem Batteriestrang (22) jeweils zuschaltbare und überbrückbare Batteriezellen (21 ) umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Batteriesystem (10) eine Vorrichtung (1 1 ) nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6 umfasst. 8. Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Batteriesystem (10) nach Anspruch 7, wobei dasBattery string (22), the more to the battery string (22) respectively Switchable and bridgeable battery cells (21), characterized in that the battery system (10) comprises a device (1 1) according to one of claims 4 to 6. 8. Motor vehicle with a battery system (10) according to claim 7, wherein the
Batteriesystem (10) mit einem Antriebsstrang des Kraftfahrzeuges verbunden ist. Battery system (10) is connected to a drive train of the motor vehicle.
PCT/EP2014/059509 2013-05-22 2014-05-09 Method and device for determining the average state of charge of a battery WO2014187679A1 (en)

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