WO2014180229A1 - 仿生重组高密度脂蛋白在制备预防和治疗阿尔茨海默病药物中的应用 - Google Patents
仿生重组高密度脂蛋白在制备预防和治疗阿尔茨海默病药物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
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- A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
- A61K9/127—Liposomes
- A61K9/1275—Lipoproteins; Chylomicrons; Artificial HDL, LDL, VLDL, protein-free species thereof; Precursors thereof
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
Definitions
- biomimetic recombinant high density lipoprotein in preparing medicine for preventing and treating Alzheimer's disease
- the present invention relates to the field of neuropharmacology and chemical pharmaceuticals, and more particularly to the use of biomimetic recombinant high density lipoprotein for the preparation of a medicament for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
- AD Alzheimer's Disease
- GDP global gross domestic product
- AD therapeutic drugs are symptomatic treatment in nature, including acetylcholinesterase (AchE) inhibitor tacrine, donepezil, lissamine, galantamine and glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist memantine, only It can improve the learning and memory function caused by cholinergic deficit in a short period of time, but it can not change the pathological process of AD. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find and establish new prevention and treatment methods with AD disease modification.
- AchE acetylcholinesterase
- AD age spots and neurofibrillary tangles are important pathological features of AD.
- the main component of senile plaques is amyloid ⁇ -protein ( ⁇ ), and neurofibrillary tangles are mainly composed of hyperphosphorylated Tau protein.
- ⁇ is a polypeptide consisting of 39 to 43 amino acids, and ⁇ 40 and ⁇ 42 are two basic types derived from amyloid precursor protein ( ⁇ ).
- ⁇ has a high ability to aggregate, and after being secreted by neurons, it will rapidly aggregate to form oligomers in a soluble state, and then further aggregate to form ⁇ fibers and deposit in the brain.
- Current research indicates that ⁇ is the core pathogenic substance of AD, and ⁇ oligomers have the strongest neurotoxicity.
- ⁇ is excessively produced and deposited in the brain, causing synaptic dysfunction of peripheral neurons, excessive Tau protein oxidation, oxidative stress and secondary inflammatory reactions, leading to neuronal degeneration and death, eventually resulting in dementia.
- This is the widely accepted AD cause hypothesis - the amyloid beta cascade hypothesis.
- ⁇ and its aggregates, especially oligomers become the most important disease biomarkers of AD, and how to reduce ⁇ levels in the brain has become an important strategy for prevention and treatment of AD. Reducing the production and promoting clearance is a key means to reduce the level of ⁇ in the brain.
- the immune response causes central nervous system inflammation and damage to the blood vessel wall, causing adverse reactions such as inflammation of the brain, cerebral microvascular hemorrhage, and vasogenic cerebral edema;
- Currently effective antibodies are specific antibodies against the amino terminus of ⁇ , due to The sequence of the amino terminus of ⁇ is located in the extracellular domain of the ⁇ precursor protein ( ⁇ ), so these antibodies against the ⁇ amino terminus also bind to neuron sputum and cause normal neurons to be immunely attacked.
- High-density lipoprotein is a natural nanocarrier. It is the smallest particle size member of lipoprotein. It is composed of lipids and apolipoproteins ( ⁇ - ⁇ , ⁇ - ⁇ , ⁇ or ApoC). Transport, with anti-arteriosclerosis, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory and other functions. Neurobiological studies have shown that ApoE-high-density lipoprotein with ApoE as apolipoprotein component is the most important type of high-density lipoprotein in the brain. In addition to its involvement in cholesterol transport, it also participates in ⁇ metabolism, which mediates its brain degradation and Clear.
- ApoE-high-density lipoprotein> ⁇ Lipidation of ApoE in the brain is mainly mediated by ABCAl protein. Studies have shown that ABCA1 expression is elevated, ApoE-high-density lipoprotein levels are elevated in the brain, and ⁇ deposition is decreased. Conversely, abcal knockout, ApoE-high-density lipoprotein content in the brain is decreased, and A ⁇ deposition is increased.
- ApoE-high-density lipoprotein plays a key role in mediating ⁇ clearance in the brain; in addition, ⁇ - ⁇ high-density lipoprotein is also considered to play an important role in AD, and can also be combined with ⁇ , reducing Its neurotoxicity.
- ⁇ - ⁇ gene knockout can accelerate the deposition of ⁇ plaque in APP/PSlDeltaE9 AD model mice, and aggravate memory impairment; and its high expression can effectively reduce the deposition of ⁇ in the vascular wall of APP/PS1 AD model mice, reduce inflammation and reduce memory impairment.
- high-density lipoprotein has a natural ability to promote ⁇ clearance in the brain, and increasing high-density lipoprotein levels in the body is expected to delay the progression of AD disease.
- the source of natural high-density lipoprotein is scarce, preparation is cumbersome, and quality controllability is not strong.
- Recombinant high-density lipoprotein constructed based on the principle of bionics provides a way to solve this problem.
- the direct medicinal use of recombinant high-density lipoprotein is only seen in the sporadic reports of atherosclerosis and diabetes prevention, and no application research in the prevention and treatment of AD has been found.
- the present invention firstly proposes to simulate the natural ⁇ -clearing mechanism of the body, and construct a biomimetic recombinant high-density lipoprotein, and its in vivo application will promote ⁇ clearance in the brain, and has an important regulatory effect on the progression of AD disease.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a use of biomimetic recombinant high-density lipoprotein for the preparation of a medicament for preventing and treating Alzheimer's disease.
- the present invention provides the use of biomimetic recombinant high density lipoprotein for the preparation of a medicament for preventing and treating Alzheimer's disease.
- the biomimetic recombinant high density lipoprotein is composed of a lipid and apolipoprotein.
- the lipid is prepared by a conventional method, and then incubated with apolipoprotein to form a recombinant high-density lipoprotein by self-assembly, and the lipid mass accounts for 20-95% of the prescription content. The amount accounts for 5-80% of the prescription content.
- the apolipoprotein is one or more of ⁇ and its peptidomimetic, ⁇ - ⁇ and its peptidomimetic, ⁇ - ⁇ and its peptidomimetic, ApoC and its peptidomimetic.
- the apolipoprotein is preferably one or more of ApoE and its peptidomimetic.
- the biomimetic recombinant high density lipoprotein is administered by the injection route or by the nasal route.
- the biomimetic recombinant high density lipoprotein has a particle size ranging from 1 to 500 nm, preferably from 5 to 50 mn.
- the biomimetic recombinant high density lipoprotein is dispersed in a pharmaceutically acceptable buffer solution environment including HEPES buffer, physiological saline, Tris buffer and phosphate buffer. liquid.
- the biomimetic recombinant high-density lipoprotein can enclose a drug, and the biomimetic recombinant high-density lipoprotein-encapsulated drug plays a synergistic role in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease, and the drug refers to the treatment or diagnosis of Alzheim.
- the drug of Haimo disease including one or more of small molecule chemical drugs, macromolecular peptides, proteins, and gene drugs.
- the lipid of the present invention may be a natural phospholipid (egg lipid, soybean phospholipid), a synthetic phospholipid (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidic acid, cardiolipin , lysophospholipid), one or more of sphingolipid (sphingosine, ceramide, sphingomyelin, cerebroside, ganglioside), cholesterol, cholesterol ester, glyceride and derivatives thereof.
- sphingolipid sphingosine, ceramide, sphingomyelin, cerebroside, ganglioside
- cholesterol cholesterol ester
- glyceride glyceride and derivatives thereof.
- the preparation method of the liposome comprises a film hydration method, an injection method, a double emulsion method, a melting method, a freeze drying method, a reverse evaporation method, a high pressure emulsion homogenization method or an ultrasonic method, and a Ca 2+ fusion method.
- the invention has the advantages that the invention firstly proposes the application of biomimetic recombinant high-density lipoprotein to the preparation of a medicament for preventing and treating Alzheimer's disease, and solves the problem that the source of natural high-density lipoprotein is scarce, the preparation is cumbersome, the quality is not controllable, and the like. Disadvantages, its application provides new ideas for the development of AD prevention drugs, with important research value and clinical application prospects.
- recombinant high-density lipoprotein into the brain binds ⁇ through high affinity, increases insulin-degrading enzymes in the brain, metalloproteinases, etc. Extracellular degradation and endocytosis and intracellular degradation of ⁇ by microglia; 2Inflammation in the brain; 3 Recombinant high-density lipoprotein in the blood circulation, high affinity binding to ⁇ , reducing the concentration of peripheral free ⁇ , exerting peripheral leakage The effect is to promote extracerebral translocation of ⁇ in the brain. 4 In addition, recombinant high-density lipoprotein is a commonly used drug carrier that can carry other drugs to synergistically prevent AD.
- Figure 1 shows transmission electron microscopy (A) recombinant high-density lipoprotein (disk) without cholesteryl ester and (B) recombinant high-density lipoprotein (spherical) morphology with cholesterol ester, scale: 20 nm.
- Figure 2 is a comparison of the binding of recombinant high-density lipoprotein and control liposome to ( ⁇ ) ⁇ 1-40 monomer, ( ⁇ ) ⁇ 1-40 oligomer, * ⁇ ⁇ 0.05, ** ⁇ ⁇ 0.01, *** ⁇ ⁇ 0.001 is significantly different from recombinant high-density lipoprotein.
- Figure 3 is a surface plasmon resonance binding curve of recombinant high density lipoprotein to ( ⁇ ) ⁇ 1-42 monomer, ( ⁇ ) ⁇ 1-42 oligomer.
- Figure 4 shows the ApoE3 solution and recombinant high-density lipoprotein against ⁇ 1-4 by dot blot after 48 h incubation with ⁇ 22 °C. Effects of oligomer formation, ( ⁇ ) Negative control: phosphate buffer; ( ⁇ ) ⁇ 3 solution; (C) Recombinant high-density lipoprotein solution.
- Figure 5 shows the effect of ApoE3 solution and recombinant high-density lipoprotein on the formation of ⁇ 1-40 fibrils after incubation with ⁇ 37 °C for 120 h.
- the fluorescence value of O h in each group was 100%.
- Figure 6 shows that recombinant high-density lipoprotein ( ⁇ ) promotes ⁇ clearance in the brain of AD model animal SAMP8 mice, ( ⁇ ) reduces microglia activation, ** ⁇ ⁇ 0.01, *** ⁇ ⁇ 0.001 and saline group There was a significant difference; leakage ⁇ 0.001 was significantly different from the normal control group.
- Figure 7 shows the effect of recombinant high-density lipoprotein and ⁇ -mangostin recombinant high-density lipoprotein on the latency of SAMP8 mice in 8-month-old AD model animals, * ⁇ ⁇ 0.05, * * ⁇ ⁇ 0.01 There were significant differences between the Ming and saline groups.
- the invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
- the experimental methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
- the materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples can be obtained from commercial routes unless otherwise specified. It is to be understood that the examples are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
- the experimental methods in the following examples which do not specify the specific conditions are usually prepared according to the conditions described in the conventional conditions, for example, Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning: Laboratory Manual (New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1989), or according to the manufacturing conditions. The conditions recommended by the manufacturer.
- Lipid (phosphatidylcholine +/- ganglioside +/- cholesterol +/- cholesterol oleate) (2-10 mg) was dissolved in chloroform, and the organic solvent was removed by rotary evaporation under reduced pressure. 4 Phosphate buffer hydrated, homogenized at 50 °C. Add 0.5-5 mg of ApoE3 and continue sonication for 50 min. The product was cooled to room temperature, incubated overnight, and stored at 4 °C until use.
- Recombinant high-density lipoprotein phosphotungstic acid was negatively stained and observed by transmission electron microscopy. The particle size and surface potential were measured by a laser particle size analyzer. Analysis of recombinant high-density lipoprotein components: Fluorescence spectrophotometer to determine the amount of fluorescent probes contained; HPLC to determine the amount of drug-loaded; Phospholipids C assay kit for determination of phospholipid content; Bradford method for determination of protein content, calculation of ApoE3 assembly efficiency .
- Fig. 1 The results of transmission electron microscopy are shown in Fig. 1.
- the recombinant high-density lipoprotein containing no cholesterol oleate has a regular flat disk shape, and the multiple layers are cocoon-like. The membrane structure is clearly visible and the particle size is uniform, less than 20 nM.
- the natural primary HDL morphology is similar (Fig. 1A); while the cholesterol-containing oleate-containing recombinant high-density lipoprotein has a uniform spherical particle size with a particle size of 15-20 nm, similar to the natural mature HDL morphology (Fig. 1B).
- Soybean phospholipids, egg plaque (2- 10 mg) and 0.02 mg fluorescent probe Dil were weighed into a round bottom flask, dissolved in chloroform, placed in a rotary evaporator at 20 C, and removed from the vacuum for 1 h to remove the organic solvent.
- Example 3 ⁇ affinity characteristics of recombinant high-density 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ protein
- Phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidic acid (2-10 mg) were weighed and placed in a round bottom flask, dissolved in chloroform, and placed on a rotary evaporator to remove the organic solvent under reduced pressure.
- the CM5 chip is immobilized with ⁇ monomer or oligomer by amino coupling: After the surface of the chip is activated with 0.2MEDC and 0.05 ⁇ NHS, the ⁇ monomer or oligomer is diluted to pH 4.0 sodium acetate buffer. In the solution, the ⁇ concentration was 23 ⁇ , and the solution was injected at 420 s at a rate of 30 ⁇ /min, and then blocked with ethanolamine at pH 8.5. The reference channel was activated and directly blocked with ethanolamine. Affinity test using dual channel mode detection: Recombinant high density lipoprotein was diluted in pH 7.410 mM PBS and injected into the reference channel and the channel fixed with ⁇ at a rate of 30 ⁇ /min.
- the contact time is 100 s or 300 s and the dissociation time is 400 s.
- Results were analyzed using the Biacore T200 Evaluation Softeware program and the 1:1 binding model was used to calculate the affinity values. The results showed that the recombinant high-density lipoprotein binds to the ⁇ 2 monomer (omer) and the oligomer (oligomer) with high affinity (Fig. 3), and its affinity with ⁇ 1-42 monomer and oligomer is calculated by dynamic method.
- the constant KD values which are 5.79 ⁇ and 6.32 ⁇ (the same order of magnitude as the antigen and antibody affinity), are similar to the natural HDL and ⁇ affinity (5.7 ⁇ ), indicating that the recombinant high-density lipoprotein has good ⁇ affinity.
- Example 4 Recombinant high-density EJ protein inhibits ⁇ oligomer and fibril formation
- Thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence method to investigate the effect of recombinant high density lipoprotein on the formation of Apwo fibrils
- Example 5 Recombinant high-density lipoprotein injection promoted ⁇ clearance in the brain of AD model animals, and reduced microglia activation
- mice The 10 month old AD model mouse SAMP8 mice were divided into normal saline group and recombinant high density lipoprotein group.
- SAMR mice were administered normal saline as a normal control. The drug was administered intravenously for 2 weeks. After the end of the administration, the mice were hydrated with chlorine and anesthetized with saline, 4% poly-A, followed by cardiac perfusion. Decapitation, remove the intact brain, 4% paraformaldehyde solution is fixed, dipped in wax, embedded, sliced, thickness 4 ⁇ , stored in the dark. Paraffin sections immunohistochemical staining, brain ⁇ aggregate immunohistochemistry (primary antibody 6E10), microglia activation (primary anti-CD45).
- Example 6 Nasal administration of recombinant high-density lipoprotein for disease modification in AD model animals
- Lipid (DOTAP/DOPE+/-DMPC+/-PEG-DMPC) (2-10 mg) was dissolved in a certain proportion of chloroform solution, and the organic solvent was removed by rotary evaporation under reduced pressure.
- the lipid membrane was supplemented with siRNA/MicroRNA (l-500 g).
- the Tris buffer is hydrated and homogenized to reduce particle size.
- 1 ml of ApoE3/ApoA I peptidomimetic (0.5-5 mg/ml) was added for 10 min, sonicated for 50 min, continued for 24 h, and stored at 4 °C.
- mice The 7-month-old AD model mouse APP/PS1 transgenic mice were divided into normal saline group and recombinant high-density lipoprotein group. Wild type B6 mice were administered as normal controls and physiological saline was administered. Nasal administration for 4 weeks. At the end of the administration, the mice were anesthetized with chloral hydrate, saline, and 4% poly-methyl. Decapitation, remove the intact brain, 4% paraformaldehyde solution is fixed, dipped in wax, embedded, sliced, thickness 4 ⁇ , stored in the dark. Paraffin section immunohistochemical staining, brain ⁇ aggregate immunohistochemistry (primary antibody 6E10), microglia activation (primary anti-CD45).
- Example 7 Recombinant high-density lipoprotein and tape-loading drugs synergistically improve spatial learning and memory ability of AD model animals
- the lipid (DMPC/DMPE +/- GM1 +/- cholesterol +/- cholesterol oleate) (2-10 mg) and the drug ⁇ -mangostin (0.1-2 mg) are dissolved in a certain proportion of chloroform-methanol mixed solvent.
- the organic solvent was removed by rotary evaporation under reduced pressure, and the lipid membrane was hydrated with 1 ml of Tris buffer, and the particle size was reduced by ultrasonication at 50 °C.
- mice were placed in the water from the water inlet point of the I, II, III, and IV quadrants according to the random principle.
- the computer monitors and records the mouse from the water to find and find and climb. Black platform route, time required (latency) and swimming speed. If the mouse is not found within 60 s of the mouse, it is required to lead to the platform for 30 s, at which time the incubation period is recorded as 60 s. Train 4 times a day / only, each training interval is 30 s.
- Fig. 7 The results are shown in Fig. 7.
- the platform was found twice faster than the other experimental animals from the first two days of the first day of training, and the incubation period was shorter during the whole experiment, and the number of training days was the same. The increase was gradually shortened, showing good spatial learning and memory ability.
- the SAMP8 mice given normal saline remained very long (55.7 ⁇ 6.3 s) until the fifth day, showing obvious learning and memory impairment.
- the latency of SAMP8 mice given recombinant high-density lipoprotein was significantly shortened three days before training.
- the latency of the third day was significantly different from that of saline group, indicating that administration of recombinant high-density lipoprotein could effectively increase the space of SAMP8 mice. Learning memory. Recombinant high-density lipoprotein with ex-mangostin was more effective in shortening the pre-hospital latency of mice.
- the incubation period on the fourth and fifth days of training was 37.5 ⁇ 6.0 s, 35.9+18.1 s, respectively.
- Significant differences indicate that drug-loaded recombinant high-density lipoprotein may further enhance the disease modification of AD by the synergistic action of recombinant high-density lipoprotein and polyphenols.
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Abstract
本发明公开了仿生重组高密度脂蛋白在制备预防和治疗阿尔茨海默病药物中的应用。仿生重组高密度脂蛋白由脂质和载脂蛋白构成,所述载脂蛋白是ApoE及其模拟肽、ApoA-I及其模拟肽、ApoA-II及其模拟肽、ApoC及其模拟肽中的一种或多种。所述载脂蛋白优选ApoE3及其模拟肽中的一种或多种。
Description
仿生重組高密度脂蛋白在制备预防和治疗阿尔茨海默病药物中的应用 技术领域
本发明涉及神经药理学和化学制药领域, 尤其涉及仿生重组高密度脂蛋白在制备预防 和治疗阿尔茨海默病药物中的应用。
背景技术
阿尔茨海默病 (Alzheimer's Disease, AD) 是发生在老年人群中最常见的以进行性痴呆为 特征的中枢神经系统退行性病变。 临床表现为认知和记忆功能不断恶化, 日常生活能力进 行性减退, 伴有各种神经精神症状和行为障碍。 目前 AD在老年人群中的发病率仅次于心 血管病、 癌症和脑卒中, 已成为排名第四位的致死病因。 随着人口老龄化进程的加剧, 该 类疾病的发病率日益上升。 《世界阿尔茨海默病报告》指出, 痴呆患者人数预计每 20年增 长近一倍,将由 2010年的 3600万增至 2050年的 1.15亿,且 58%的患者居住于中低收入国 家, 到 2050年, 这一数字将增至 71%; 报告称, 每年痴呆相关费用总计 6040亿美元, 约 为全球国内生产总值(GDP ) 的 1%。 AD已成为人类健康和生存质量的严重威胁, 是日益 严重的公共卫生问题。
目前临床上使用的 AD治疗药物本质上为对症治疗, 包括乙酰胆碱酯酶( AchE )抑制 剂他克林、 多奈哌齐、 利斯的明、 加兰他敏和谷氨酸 NMDA受体拮抗剂美金刚, 仅能短期 内改善胆碱能缺失导致的学习、 记忆功能下降, 但不能改变 AD 的病理进程。 因此, 亟需 寻找和建立具有 AD疾病修饰作用的新型防治方法。
老年斑和神经元纤维缠结是 AD的重要病理特征。 老年斑的主要组成物质是 β-淀粉样 蛋白 ( amyloid β-protein, Αβ ), 而神经元纤维缠结主要由过度磷酸化的 Tau蛋白组成。 Αβ 是由 39 ~ 43个氨基酸组成的多肽, Αβ40和 Αβ42是其两种基本类型, 来源于淀粉样前体蛋 白 (ΑΡΡ)。 Αβ 具有高度聚集能力, 经神经元产生分泌后, 会迅速聚集, 形成可溶状态的寡 聚体, 而后进一步聚集形成 Αβ纤维而沉积在脑内。 当前的研究明确 Αβ是 AD的核心致病 物质, 其中 Αβ寡聚体的神经毒性最强。 Αβ在脑内过度产生和沉积, 引起其周边神经元突 触功能障碍、 Tau蛋白过度碑酸化、 氧化应激和继发炎性反应, 导致神经元变性死亡, 最终 产生痴呆。 这就是目前广泛接受的 AD 病因假说—— Αβ 级联假说 (amyloid β cascade hypothesis )。 由此, Αβ及其聚集体特别是寡聚体成为 AD最重要的疾病生物标记物, 而如 何降低脑内 Αβ水平也成为防治 AD的重要策略。
减少产生和促进清除是降低脑内 Αβ水平的关键手段。 自 20世纪 90年代开始, 首先探 讨的是通过抑制 Αβ产生的关键酶( β分泌酶和 γ分泌酶)活性来减少 Αβ的产生。 但是, 由于 β分泌酶和 γ分泌酶同时参与众多底物的代谢过程, 筒单地抑制其活性会因千扰神经 元的正常生理功能而产生严重不良反应。 γ分泌酶抑制剂 (包括礼来的 semagacestat和施贵 宝的 avagacestat )在临床试验中相继失败, 使得 APP代谢调节剂的研发热情跌至水点。
在 AD患者中, 90%以上是迟发型病人。 这些病人脑内 Αβ产生速度与正常人相同, 而 Αβ清除速率明显低于正常对照。 由此, 加快脑内 Αβ清除成为 AD防治最重要的方向。 免 疫治疗是目前用于降低脑内 Αβ水平最常用的策略, 能够有效预防和清除 Αβ沉积、 抑制 Αβ 寡聚体的毒性作用、 降低神经胶质增生、 逆转神经突触损伤及改善认知功能。 然而, 免疫 治疗本身存在一些重要的问题亟需解决: (1) Αβ-抗体免疫复合物诱发的不良反应: Αβ作为 自身抗原, 与进入脑内的抗体形成免疫复合物后, 将可能诱发继发免疫反应而导致中枢神 经系统炎症和血管壁的损伤, 引起脑内炎症、 脑微血管出血和血管源性脑水肿等不良反应; (2) 目前有效的抗体都是针对 Αβ氨基端的特异性抗体, 由于 Αβ氨基端的序列位于 Αβ前体 蛋白 (ΑΡΡ ) 的胞外段, 因此这些抗 Αβ氨基端的抗体也会与神经元的 ΑΡΡ结合而导致正 常神经元遭到免疫攻击。鉴于免疫疗法的上述局限性, 亟需探索新的降低脑内 Αβ水平的策 略。
高密度脂蛋白是一种天然的纳米载体, 属脂蛋白中粒径最小的成员, 由脂质和载脂蛋 白 (ΑροΑ-Ι, ΑροΑ-ΙΙ, ΑροΕ或 ApoC )构成, 介导体内胆固醇的逆向转运, 具有抗动脉硬 化、 抗氧化、 抗炎等功能。 神经生物学研究表明, 以 ApoE为载脂蛋白成分的 ApoE-高密度 脂蛋白是脑内最主要的高密度脂蛋白类型, 除了参与胆固醇转运外, 同时参与 Αβ代谢, 介 导其脑内降解和清除。 该作用依赖于 ApoE 的亚型 ( ΑροΕ2^ΑροΕ3»ΑροΕ4 )及其脂化程 度( ApoE-高密度脂蛋白 >ΑροΕ )。 脑内 ApoE的脂化主要由 ABCAl蛋白介导。 研究显示, ABCA1表达升高, 脑内 ApoE-高密度脂蛋白含量升高, Α β沉积减少; 反之, abcal基因敲 除, 脑内 ApoE-高密度脂蛋白含量降低, A β沉积增加。 由此可见, ApoE-高密度脂蛋白在 介导脑内 Αβ清除中起关键作用; 此外, ΑροΑ-Ι 高密度脂蛋白也也被认为在 AD中起着重 要作用, 同样可结合 Αβ, 减小其神经毒性。 ΑροΑ-Ι基因敲除可加速 APP/PSlDeltaE9 AD 模型鼠 Αβ斑块沉积, 加重记忆障碍; 而其高表达可有效减少 APP/PS1 AD模型鼠 Αβ在血 管壁的沉积, 减少炎症, 减轻记忆障碍。 基于上述证据, 我们认为, 高密度脂蛋白具有天 然的促进脑内 Αβ清除的能力, 提高体内高密度脂蛋白水平有望延緩 AD疾病进程。
天然高密度脂蛋白来源稀缺、 制备繁瑣、 质量可控性不强。 基于仿生学原理构建的重 组高密度脂蛋白为解决该问题提供了一条途径。 然而现有重组高密度脂蛋白直接药用仅见 于动脉粥样硬化和糖尿病防治的零星报道, 未见其在 AD 防治方面的应用研究。 由此, 本 发明首次提出模拟机体天然的 Αβ清除机制, 构建仿生重组高密度脂蛋白, 其体内应用将促 进脑内 Αβ清除, 对 AD疾病进程具有重要的调节作用。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是, 提供仿生重组高密度脂蛋白在制备预防和治疗阿尔茨 海默病药物中的应用。
为了解决上述问题, 本发明提供了仿生重组高密度脂蛋白在制备预防和治疗阿尔茨海 默病药物中的应用。
作为一个优选方案, 所述仿生重组高密度脂蛋白由脂质和载脂蛋白构成。
作为一个优选方案, 所述脂质通过常规方法制备脂质体, 而后与载脂蛋白共同孵育, 通过自组装形成重组高密度脂蛋白, 脂质质量占处方含量的 20-95% , 载脂蛋白质量占处方 含量的 5-80%。
作为一个优选方案, 所述载脂蛋白是 ΑροΕ及其模拟肽、 ΑροΑ-Ι及其模拟肽、 ΑροΑ-Π 及其模拟肽、 ApoC及其模拟肽中的一种或多种。 所述载脂蛋白优选 ApoE及其模拟肽中的 一种或多种。
作为一个优选方案, 所述仿生重组高密度脂蛋白釆用注射途径给药或者鼻腔途径给药。 作为一个优选方案, 所述仿生重组高密度脂蛋白的粒径范围为 1-500 nm, 优选 5-50 mn。
作为一个优选方案, 所述仿生重组高密度脂蛋白分散在药剂学上可以接受的緩冲溶液 环境中, 所述緩冲溶液包括 HEPES緩冲液、 生理盐水、 Tris緩冲液和磷酸盐緩冲液。
作为一个优选方案, 所述仿生重组高密度脂蛋白可以包载药物, 所述仿生重组高密度 脂蛋白包载药物起协同防治阿尔茨海默病的作用, 所述药物是指治疗或诊断阿尔茨海默病 的药物, 包括小分子化学药物, 大分子多肽、 蛋白、 基因药物中的一种或者多种。
本发明所述的脂质可以是天然磷脂 (蛋碑脂、 豆磷脂)、 合成磷脂 (磷脂酰胆碱、 磷脂 酰乙醇胺、 磷脂酰丝氨酸、 磷脂酰甘油、 磷脂酰肌醇、 磷脂酸、 心磷脂、 溶血磷脂)、 鞘脂 (鞘氨醇、 神经酰胺、 鞘磷脂、 脑苷脂、 神经节苷脂)、 胆固醇、 胆固醇酯、 甘油酯及其衍 生物中的一种或多种。
所述的脂质体的制备方法釆用薄膜水化法、 注入法、 复乳法、 熔融法、 冷冻千燥法、 逆向蒸发法、 高压乳匀法或超声法及 Ca2+融合法。
本发明的优点在于, 本发明首次提出将仿生重组高密度脂蛋白应用于制备预防和治疗 阿尔茨海默病药物, 解决了天然高密度脂蛋白来源稀缺、 制备繁瑣、 质量可控性不强等缺 点, 其应用为 AD 防治药物研发提供新的思路, 具有重要的研究价值和临床应用前景。 仿 生重组高密度脂蛋白的体内应用将对 AD 疾病进程具有重要的调节作用: ①进入脑内的重 组高密度脂蛋白通过高亲和力结合 Αβ , 增加脑内胰岛素降解酶、 金属基质蛋白酶等对 Αβ 的胞外降解和小胶质细胞对 Αβ的内吞和胞内降解; ②降低脑内炎症反应; ③血循环中的重 组高密度脂蛋白, 高亲和力结合 Αβ , 降低外周游离 Αβ浓度, 发挥外周漏漕效应, 促进脑 内 Αβ的脑外转运。 ④此外, 重组高密度脂蛋白是一种常用的药物载体, 可载带其它药物以 协同防治 AD。
附图说明
图 1 为透射电镜观察 (A)不载胆固醇酯的重组高密度脂蛋白 (圆盘状)和 (B)载胆固醇 酯的重组高密度脂蛋白 (球形)形态, 标尺: 20 nm。
图 2为重组高密度脂蛋白和对照脂质体与 (Α)Αβ1-40单体、 (Β) Αβ1-40寡聚体结合情况的 比较, * ρ < 0.05, ** ρ < 0.01, *** ρ < 0.001与重组高密度脂蛋白存在显着性差异。
图 3为重组高密度脂蛋白与 (Α) Αβ1-42单体、(Β) Αβ1-42寡聚体的表面等离子共振结合曲 线。
图 4为与 Αβ 22 °C共孵育 48 h后, 点印记法考察 ApoE3溶液和重组高密度脂蛋白对 Αβ1-4。寡聚体形成的影响, (Α) 阴性对照: 磷酸盐緩冲液; (Β) ΑροΕ3溶液; (C) 重组高密 度脂蛋白溶液。
图 5为与 Αβ 37 °C共孵育 120 h后,硫磺素 T荧光法考察 ApoE3溶液和重组高密度脂 蛋白对 Αβ1-40纤丝形成的影响, 以各组 O h荧光值为 100% , *** p < 0.001 , 表明与阴性对照 单独 Apwo孵育组存在显着性差异。
图 6为重组高密度脂蛋白 (Α)促进 AD模型动物 SAMP8小鼠的脑内 Αβ清除, (Β)减少 小胶质细胞激活, ** ρ < 0.01 , *** ρ < 0.001与生理盐水组存在显着性差异; 漏 < 0.001与 正常对照组存在显着性差异。
图 7为注射给药四周, Morris水迷宫实验考察重组高密度脂蛋白和载 α-倒捻子素重组 高密度脂蛋白对 8月龄 AD模型动物 SAMP8小鼠潜伏期的影响, * ρ < 0.05, ** ρ < 0.01表
明与生理盐水组存在显着性差异。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例, 进一步阐述本发明。 下述实施例中所使用的实验方法如无特殊 说明, 均为常规方法。 下述实施例中所用的材料、 试剂等, 如无特殊说明, 均可从商业途 径得到。 应理解, 这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。 下列实施例 中未注明具体条件的实验方法, 通常按照常规条件, 例如 Sambrook等人, 分子克隆: 实验 室手册( New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press , 1989 ) 中所述的条件, 或按照制造 厂商所建议的条件。
实施例 1 重組高密 JUi旨蛋白 ^ΪΕ
(1) 制备
脂质 (磷脂酰胆碱 +/-神经节苷脂 +/-胆固醇 +/-胆固醇油酸酯)(2-10 mg )溶于氯仿中, 减压旋转蒸发除去有机溶剂, 脂膜加 pH7.4磷酸盐緩冲液水化, 50 °C超声均质。 加入 0.5-5 mg 的 ApoE3 , 继续超声 50 min。 产品冷却至室温, 孵育过夜, 4 °C保存备用。
(2)表征
重组高密度脂蛋白磷钨酸负染, 透射电镜观察形态。 激光粒度仪测定其粒径和表面电 位。 重组高密度脂蛋白成分分析: 荧光分光光度计测定包载荧光探针量; HPLC测定包载药 量; 磷脂试剂盒(Phospholipids C assay kit )测定磷脂含量; Bradford法测定蛋白含量, 计 算 ApoE3组装效率。
透射电镜结果如图 1 所示, 不含胆固醇油酸酯的重组高密度脂蛋白呈规则扁平的圆盘 状, 多个叠加呈蚕茧状, 膜结构清晰可见, 粒径均一, 小于 20 nM, 与天然初生 HDL形态 相似(图 1A );而含胆固醇油酸酯的重组高密度脂蛋白呈粒径均一的圆球形,粒径 15-20 nm, 与天然成熟 HDL形态相似(图 1B )。
实施例 2重组高密 蛋白结合 Αβ1-40单体、 寡聚体
(1) 制备
称取豆磷脂、蛋碑脂 (2- 10 mg)和 0.02 mg荧光探针 Dil放入圆底烧瓶中,加入氯仿溶解, 置于旋转蒸发仪 20 C ,避光真空 1 h除去有机溶剂。在圆底烧瓶中加入 PBS 溶液, 37 °C 振 摇至瓶内壁脂质膜全部水化脱落, 40 °C超声减小粒径, 加入 ApoE或 ApoE模拟肽 (0.1-10 mg), 37 °C孵育 36 h, 4 °C保存。
(2)重组高密度脂蛋白与 Αβ^单体、 寡聚体的体外吸附结合实验
将 Αβ1-40单体 (浓度为 500 g/ml )或寡聚体 (浓度为 500 g/ml ) 的 0.05 M pH 9.6的 碳酸钠-碳酸氢钠溶液加入到板孔中, 每孔 50μ1, 4 °C孵育过夜。 弃去孔内孵育液, 将孵育 过夜的板用封闭液(0.01 M PBS, pH 7.4中含 1% BSA, 0.05% Tween-20 )封闭 1 h, 然后 将荧光标记的重组高密度脂蛋白 10 g/ml, 50 g/ml, 250 g/ml (按照磷脂量计算)分别加 入到板孔中, 37 °C孵育过夜, PBS洗三遍, 多功能酶标仪荧光检测, em/ex为 522 nm/568 nm。结果如图 2所示,重组高密度脂蛋白与 ΑβΜ0单体的结合荧光值在 10 g/ml, 50 g/ml, 250 g/ml时分别为对照脂质体的 1.94倍, 1.26倍和 1.48倍; 与 ΑβΜ()寡聚体的结合荧光值 在 10 g/ml, 50 g/ml, 250 g/ml时分别为对照脂质体的 1.88倍, 1.71倍和 1.59倍, 存在 显着性差异。 表明重组高密度脂蛋白具有较强的 Αβ结合能力。
实施例 3重組高密¾^蛋白的 Αβ亲合特性
(1) 制备
称取磷脂酰胆碱、 磷脂酸 (2-10 mg)放入圆底烧瓶中, 加入氯仿溶解, 置于旋转蒸发仪 减压除去有机溶剂。 在圆底烧瓶中加入 PBS 溶液, 37°C 振摇至瓶内壁脂质膜全部水化脱 落, 40 °C均质减小粒径, 加入 ApoE或 ApoA-I(O.l-lOmg), 37 °C孵育 36 h, 4 °C保存。
(2)表面等离子共振 (Surface Plasmon Resonance, SPR)实验验证重组高密度脂蛋白的 Αβ 亲合特性。
CM5 芯片釆用氨基偶联的方式将 Αβ单体或者寡聚体固定: 在用 0.2MEDC和 0.05Μ NHS对芯片表面进行活化后, 将 Αβ单体或者寡聚体稀释于 pH 4.0醋酸钠緩冲溶液中, 使 Αβ浓度为 23 μΜ, 以 30 μΐ/min的速度注入 420 s, 再用 pH 8.5的乙醇胺进行封闭。 参比通 道活化后直接用乙醇胺封闭。 亲和力测试釆用双信道模式检测: 重组高密度脂蛋白稀释于 pH 7.410 mM PBS中, 以 30 μΐ/min的速度注入到参比通道以及固定了 Αβ的通道。 接触时 间为 100 s或 300 s , 解离时间为 400 s。 结果用 Biacore T200 Evaluation Softeware程序进行 分析, 运用 1:1 结合模型计算亲和力值。 结果显示, 重组高密度脂蛋白与 ΑβΜ2单体 (monomer), 寡聚体(oligomer)均呈高亲和力结合(图 3 ), 动态法计算其与 Αβ1-42单体、 寡聚体的亲和力常数 KD值, 分别为 5.79 ηΜ和 6.32 ηΜ (与抗原、 抗体亲和力同一数量 级), 与天然 HDL与 Αβ的亲和力 (5.7 ηΜ)相似, 表明重组高密度脂蛋白具有良好的 Αβ 亲和特性。
实施例 4重组高密 EJ蛋白抑制 Αβ寡聚体、 纤丝形成
(1) 制备
称取 2-10 mg磷脂酰胆碱 +/-鞘磷脂放入圆底烧瓶中, 加入氯仿溶解, 旋转蒸发除去有 机溶剂。 加入 Tris緩冲液, 37°C 振摇至瓶内壁脂质膜全部水化脱落, 超声减小粒径。 加入 适量 0.2 mg/ml ApoE3蛋白溶液, 37 50 rpm 孵育 36 h, 4 °C保存。
(2) 点印记考察重组高密度脂蛋白对 Αβ1-4ο寡聚体形成的影响
取 5 μΐ 10 mg/ml Αβι_40 DMSO储备液 3份分别加入以下溶液 45 μΐ: 0.01 M PBS 、 50 g/ml ApoE3溶液、 重组高密度脂蛋白溶液(含 ApoE3 50 g/ml, 脂质 250 g/ml )。 置于恒 温空气摇床 400 rpm, 22 , 孵育 48 h, 立即上样。 Αβ寡聚体的特异性抗体 All和 Αβ 特 异性抗体 6E10分别对 Αβμ4()寡聚体和总 Αβμ4()免疫组化染色。 结果如图 4所示, ΑροΕ3溶 液和重组高密度脂蛋白均能抑制 Αβ^寡聚体形成。
(3)硫磺素 T(ThT)荧光法考察重组高密度脂蛋白对 Apwo纤丝形成的影响
取 15 μΐ lmg/ml Αβ1-4()六氟异丙醇储备液, 氮吹仪上氮气轻柔吹 15 min, 挥千六氟异丙 醇, 加入 34 μΐ三蒸水, 混匀, 再分别加入 16 μΐ以下溶液: ΑροΕ3溶液 (50 g/ml)、 重组 高密度脂蛋白溶液(含 ApoE3 50 g/ml , 脂质 250 g/ml ), 37 °C孵育, 并于 O h, 120 h, 取出样品进行 ThT检测。 结果如图 5所示, 重组高密度脂蛋白显着抑制 Αβμ40纤丝形成。
实施例 5重组高密度脂蛋白注射给药促进 AD模型动物脑内 Αβ清除,减少小胶质细胞 激活
(1) 制备
称取 2-10 mg磷脂酰胆碱 +/-鞘磷脂放入圆底烧瓶中, 加入氯仿溶解, 旋转蒸发除去有 机溶剂。 加入 Tris緩冲液, 37°C 振摇至瓶内壁脂质膜全部水化脱落, 超声减小粒径。 加入 适量 0.2 mg/ml ApoE3蛋白溶液, 37 50 rpm 孵育 36 h, 4 °C保存。
(2) 重组高密度脂蛋白促进 AD模型动物 SAMP8小鼠的脑内 Αβ清除,减少小胶质细胞 激活。
将 10月龄 AD模型小鼠 SAMP8小鼠分为生理盐水组、 重组高密度脂蛋白组。 SAMR 小鼠作为正常对照, 给予生理盐水。 静脉注射给药, 连续给药 2周。 给药结束后, 小鼠水 合氯 麻醉, 生理盐水、 4%多聚甲 依次心脏灌流。 断头, 取出完整大脑, 4%多聚甲醛溶 液继续固定, 浸蜡, 包埋, 切片, 厚度 4 μιη, 避光保存。 石蜡切片免疫组化染色, 脑内 Αβ 聚集体免疫组化(一抗 6E10 ), 小胶质细胞激活 (一抗 anti-CD45 )。 DAB染色, 苏木素复 染, 中性树胶封片观察并计数不同处理组动物大脑皮层、 海马的 Αβ沉积和小胶质细胞激活 情况。
结果如图 6所示, 10月龄 SAMP8小鼠连续 15天尾静脉给予重组高密度脂蛋白 (20 mg/kg ),脑内 Αβ沉积和小胶质细胞激活情况明显少于生理盐水组。表明重组高密度脂蛋白 能有效促进脑内 Αβ清除, 并降低脑内炎症, 具有一定的 AD疾病修饰作用。
实施例 6重组高密度脂蛋白鼻腔给药对 AD模型动物的疾病修饰作用
(1) 制备
脂质 ( DOTAP/DOPE+/-DMPC+/-PEG-DMPC ) ( 2-10 mg )溶于一定比例氯仿溶液中, 减压旋转蒸发除去有机溶剂, 脂膜加含 siRNA/MicroRNA(l-500 g)的 Tris緩冲液水化, 均 质减小粒径。 取 1 ml ApoE3/ApoA I模拟肽(0.5-5 mg/ml ) lO min内加入, 超声 50 min, 继 续孵育 24 h, 4 °C保存。
(2) 重组高密度脂蛋白鼻腔给药对 AD模型动物的疾病修饰作用
将 7月龄 AD模型小鼠 APP/PS1转基因小鼠分为生理盐水组、 重组高密度脂蛋白组。 野生型 B6小鼠作为正常对照, 给予生理盐水。 鼻腔给药 4周。 给药结束后, 小鼠水合氯醛 麻醉, 生理盐水、 4%多聚甲 依次心脏灌流。 断头, 取出完整大脑, 4%多聚甲醛溶液继续 固定, 浸蜡, 包埋, 切片, 厚度 4 μιη, 避光保存。 石蜡切片免疫组化染色, 脑内 Αβ聚集 体免疫组化(一抗 6E10 ), 小胶质细胞激活 (一抗 anti-CD45 )。 DAB染色, 苏木素复染, 中性树胶封片观察并计数不同处理组动物大脑皮层、 海马的 Αβ 沉积和小胶质细胞激活情 况。 结果显示, 7月龄 APP/PS1转基因小鼠连续 4周鼻腔给予重组高密度脂蛋白, 脑内 Αβ 沉积和小胶质细胞激活情况明显少于生理盐水组, 表明重组高密度脂蛋白具有良好的 AD 疾病修饰作用。
实施例 7重组高密度脂蛋白与栽带药物协同改善 AD模型动物的空间学习记忆能力
(1) 制备
脂质 (DMPC/DMPE+/-GM1+/-胆固醇 +/-胆固醇油酸酯)(2-10 mg )、 药物 α-倒捻子素 ( 0.1-2 mg )溶于一定比例氯仿 -甲醇混合溶剂中, 减压旋转蒸发除去有机溶剂,脂膜加 1 ml Tris緩冲液水化, 50 °C超声减小粒径。 取 l ml ApoE3 ( 0.5-5 mg/ml ) lO min内加入, 继续 超声 50 min。 产品冷却至室温, 4 °C过夜。
(2) 重组高密度脂蛋白与载带药物协同改善 AD模型动物的空间学习记忆能力 釆用 Morris水迷宫实验考察重组高密度脂蛋白和载多酚类药物 α-倒捻子素的重组高密 度脂蛋白对 AD模型动物的空间学习记忆能力的改善作用。 给药方法: 将 7月龄 AD模型 动物 SAMP8小鼠分为生理盐水组, 重组高密度脂蛋白(5 mg/kg), 载 α-倒捻子素的重组高密
度脂蛋白 (相当于给予 α-倒捻子素 1 mg/kg)。 SAMR小鼠作为正常对照, 给予生理盐水。 小 鼠按照 0.1 ml/10 g尾静脉注射给药, 连续给药 4周。
Morris水迷宫, 水池直径 120 cm, 高 50 cm, 水深 25 cm, 水温 22±1 V。 沿水池圆周 等分为四个入水点, 它们的连接线将圆形水池等分为 I 、 II、 III、 IV共 4个象限区域, 在 I象限中心放置一个 9 cm黑色平台。 平台低于水面约 l cm。 水池底、 平台及四壁均以食用 染料涂成黑色使平台不可见。 釆用 Morris水迷宫视频分析系统 2.0监测并记录小鼠的游泳 轨迹。 定位航行试验 (Hidden platform test): 用于训练和测量小鼠的空间学习能力,与小鼠连 续给药 4周后休息 2天开始, 历时 5天。 将平台固定于 I象限中央, 按照随机的原则分别 从 I 、 II、 III、 IV象限的入水点将小鼠面向池壁放入水中, 计算机监测并记录小鼠从入水 开始寻找至找到并爬上黑色平台的路线、 所需时间(潜伏期)及游泳速度等。 如果小鼠 60 s 内未找到平台, 需将其引领到平台, 并停留 30 s, 这时潜伏期记为 60 s。 每天训练 4次 /只, 每次训练间隔 30 s。
结果如图 7所示, 正常对照小鼠 SAMR组自第一天训练的后面两次就能比其它实验组 动物更快地找到平台, 整个实验过程中的潜伏期都比较短, 且随着训练天数增加呈逐渐缩 短的趋势, 显示良好的空间学习记忆能力; 相反, 给予生理盐水的 SAMP8小鼠直至第五天 潜伏期依然很长 (55.7±6.3 s) ,表现为明显的学习记忆障碍。给予重组高密度脂蛋白的 SAMP8 小鼠在训练前三天潜伏期明显缩短趋势, 第三天潜伏期已与生理盐水组存在显着性差异, 表明给予重组高密度脂蛋白能够有效提高 SAMP8小鼠的空间学习记忆能力。给予 ex-倒捻子 素的重组高密度脂蛋白更有效地缩短小鼠上台前潜伏期, 训练第四天、 第五天的潜伏期分 别为 37.5±6.0 s, 35.9+18.1 s, 与生理盐水组存在显着性差异, 表明载药重组高密度脂蛋白 可能通过重组高密度脂蛋白和多酚类药物的协同作用进一步增强对 AD的疾病修饰作用。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式, 应当指出, 对于本技术领域的普通技术人员, 在不脱离本发明原理的前提下, 还可以做出若千改进和润饰, 这些改进和润饰也应视为本 发明的保护范围。
Claims
1. 仿生重组高密度脂蛋白在制备预防和治疗阿尔茨海默病药物中的应用。
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的仿生重组高密度脂蛋白在制备预防和治疗阿尔茨海默病药物中 的应用, 其特征在于, 所述仿生重组高密度脂蛋白由脂质和载脂蛋白构成。
3. 据权利要求 2 所述的仿生重组高密度脂蛋白在制备预防和治疗阿尔茨海默病药物中的 应用, 其特征在于, 所述脂质通过常规方法制备脂质体, 而后与载脂蛋白共同孵育, 通 过自组装形成重组高密度脂蛋白, 脂质质量占处方含量的 20-95% , 载脂蛋白质量占处 方含量的 5-80%。
4. 根据权利要求 2或 3所述的仿生重组高密度脂蛋白在制备预防和治疗阿尔茨海默病药物 中的应用,其特征在于,所述载脂蛋白是 ApoE及其模拟肽、 ApoA-I及其模拟肽、 ApoA-II 及其模拟肽、 ApoC及其模拟肽中的一种或多种。
5. 根据权利要求 4 所述的仿生重组高密度脂蛋白在制备预防和治疗阿尔茨海默病药物中 的应用, 其特征在于, 所述载脂蛋白是 ApoE及其模拟肽中的一种或多种。
6. 根据权利要求 1 所述的仿生重组高密度脂蛋白在制备预防和治疗阿尔茨海默病药物中 的应用,其特征在于,所述仿生重组高密度脂蛋白釆用注射途径给药或者鼻腔途径给药。
7. 根据权利要求 1 所述的仿生重组高密度脂蛋白在制备预防和治疗阿尔茨海默病药物中 的应用, 其特征在于, 所述仿生重组高密度脂蛋白的粒径范围为 l-500 nm。
8. 根据权利要求 7 所述的仿生重组高密度脂蛋白在制备预防和治疗阿尔茨海默病药物中 的应用, 其特征在于, 所述仿生重组高密度脂蛋白的粒径范围为 5-50 nm。
9. 根据权利要求 1 所述的仿生重组高密度脂蛋白在制备预防和治疗阿尔茨海默病药物中 的应用, 其特征在于, 所述仿生重组高密度脂蛋白分散在药剂学上可以接受的緩冲溶液 环境中, 所述緩冲溶液包括 HEPES緩冲液、 生理盐水、 Tris緩冲液和磷酸盐緩冲液。
10. 根据权利要求 1 所述的仿生重组高密度脂蛋白在制备预防和治疗阿尔茨海默病药物中 的应用, 其特征在于, 所述仿生重组高密度脂蛋白包载药物起协同防治阿尔茨海默病的 作用, 所述药物是指治疗或诊断阿尔茨海默病的药物, 包括小分子化学药物, 大分子多 肽、 蛋白、 基因药物中的一种或者多种。
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