WO2014180104A1 - 显示基板及其驱动方法、显示装置 - Google Patents

显示基板及其驱动方法、显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014180104A1
WO2014180104A1 PCT/CN2013/086901 CN2013086901W WO2014180104A1 WO 2014180104 A1 WO2014180104 A1 WO 2014180104A1 CN 2013086901 W CN2013086901 W CN 2013086901W WO 2014180104 A1 WO2014180104 A1 WO 2014180104A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sub
pixel
pixels
display substrate
organic light
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PCT/CN2013/086901
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈俊生
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
鄂尔多斯市源盛光电有限责任公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 鄂尔多斯市源盛光电有限责任公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to EP13834353.8A priority Critical patent/EP2996106A4/en
Priority to US14/345,338 priority patent/US9735207B2/en
Publication of WO2014180104A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014180104A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
    • H10K59/353—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels characterised by the geometrical arrangement of the RGB subpixels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G09F9/33—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/60—Circuit arrangements for operating LEDs comprising organic material, e.g. for operating organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
    • G09G2300/0439—Pixel structures
    • G09G2300/0443—Pixel structures with several sub-pixels for the same colour in a pixel, not specifically used to display gradations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
    • G09G2300/0439—Pixel structures
    • G09G2300/0452—Details of colour pixel setup, e.g. pixel composed of a red, a blue and two green components
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2340/00—Aspects of display data processing
    • G09G2340/04—Changes in size, position or resolution of an image
    • G09G2340/0457—Improvement of perceived resolution by subpixel rendering

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to a display substrate, a method of driving the same, and a display device. Background technique
  • each pixel unit 1 of an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display device is composed of a plurality of adjacent sub-pixels 8 located in the same row, and each sub-portion
  • the pixel 8 includes a light emitting diode, and each of the sub-pixels 8 emits light of different colors (such as RGB mode, that is, each pixel unit 1 is composed of three sub-pixels R, G, B of red, green, and blue light).
  • one method is to make the organic light-emitting diodes of each sub-pixel 8 emit white light, and at the same time, color films of different colors are disposed in each sub-pixel 8 for filtering; however, more commonly used
  • the method is to use different organic light-emitting layer materials in the organic light-emitting diodes of different sub-pixels 8, so that the organic light-emitting diodes directly emit light of different colors.
  • An organic light emitting diode display device using different organic light emitting layer materials for each of the sub-pixels 8 is formed, and the organic light emitting layers of the different color sub-pixels 8 are obviously manufactured separately in different vapor deposition processes (but other structures such as electrodes in each sub-pixel 8) Can be formed uniformly).
  • the organic light-emitting layer of a certain color sub-pixel 8 is vapor-deposited, the other sub-pixels 8 are blocked by the shielding portion 91 of the vapor deposition mask 9 (FFM), so that the organic light-emitting layer material is deposited through the opening 92.
  • FAM vapor deposition mask 9
  • the desired sub-pixel 8 in the column direction, the sub-pixels 8 of the same color are arranged in a row, and their organic light-emitting layers are connected together, so that the shielding portion 91 is not required).
  • the ⁇ of the vapor deposition reticle 9 is generally maintained between 40 and 60 degrees, and at the same time, due to the limitation of the conventional manufacturing process level, it is difficult to achieve less than 30 ⁇ m; therefore, the shielding portion 91 The minimum value of the width is also limited.
  • the width of the blocking portion 91 is the interval between the same color sub-pixels 8 (the width of the two sub-pixels 8 for the RGB mode), the minimum width of the blocking portion 91 is limited to be equal to the sub-pixel 8.
  • the minimum size is limited, resulting in a limitation in the resolution (the number of pixel units 1 per unit size), which affects the display quality.
  • the Pentile arrangement of the sub-pixels 8 has been proposed.
  • the number of red and blue sub-pixels R, B The amount is reduced by half, and each of the red and blue sub-pixels B is "shared" by two pixel units 1, so that the number of pixel units 1 can be increased while the number of sub-pixels 8 is constant, and the resolution is increased.
  • the number of molecular pixels 8 (such as red and blue sub-pixels R, B) is reduced in the middle of the Pentile arrangement, and the shared sub-pixel 8 cannot accurately display the contents of the two pixel units 1 at the same time, it is necessary to adjust the portion.
  • the area of the sub-pixel 8 (such as increasing the area of the red and blue sub-pixels R, B) is matched with a specific display algorithm (i.e., an algorithm for calculating the gray scale of each sub-pixel 8) to ensure that the display quality is not lowered.
  • a specific display algorithm i.e., an algorithm for calculating the gray scale of each sub-pixel 8
  • the sub-pixel size of the Pentile arrangement is still limited by the width of the masking area of the vapor deposition mask, and the sub-pixel size is not reduced (some sub-pixels are also enlarged), that is, This arrangement does not fundamentally improve the resolution of the OLED display device.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a display substrate, a display device, and a display method with high resolution.
  • a display substrate comprising an array of a plurality of sub-pixels having at least two colors, the sub-pixels of each color constituting a plurality of sub-pixel groups, each of the sub-pixel groups comprising At least two sub-pixels of the same color and adjacently arranged in the first direction, and sub-pixel groups of different colors are alternately arranged in the first direction.
  • the first direction is the direction of the row or column.
  • each sub-pixel group includes the same number of sub-pixels.
  • each sub-pixel set includes two sub-pixels.
  • sub-pixel groups of different colors are alternately arranged in the row direction; and sub-pixel groups of different colors are alternately arranged in the column direction.
  • the display substrate is an organic light emitting diode display substrate
  • each of the sub-pixels includes an organic light emitting diode
  • the organic light emitting layer of the organic light emitting diode of different color sub-pixels has different materials
  • the organic light emitting of the same color sub-pixel The organic light emitting layer of the diode is formed in the same vapor deposition process.
  • a driving method of the above display substrate comprising: providing a driving signal for each sub-pixel to be composed of a plurality of pixel units for display, each of the pixel units including the first direction One for each color sub-pixel.
  • the first direction is a row or column direction.
  • at least a portion of the sub-pixels are shared by two adjacent pixel units.
  • the display substrate includes sub-pixels of three colors; and each pixel unit includes two adjacent sub-pixels and one sub-pixel spaced apart from the two adjacent sub-pixels by one sub-pixel.
  • any one of the sub-pixels belongs to only one pixel unit.
  • a plurality of sub-pixels of each pixel unit are respectively located in a plurality of adjacent pixel groups.
  • a display device including the above display substrate is provided.
  • the present invention can be used in display devices, particularly organic light emitting diode display devices using different organic light emitting layer materials for different sub-pixels.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a correspondence relationship between an evaporation mask and a conventional sub-pixel
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional structural view of an evaporation mask
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of pixel unit division in a row of sub-pixels of a conventional Pentile arrangement
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a correspondence relationship between an evaporation mask and a sub-pixel of a display substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the sub-pixel of the substrate is simultaneously displayed. Arrangement of mosaics of pixel groups;
  • 5-1 are diagrams showing an arrangement of another type of Marseille of a sub-pixel group of a display substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 5-2 is a view showing an arrangement of another type of Marsek of a sub-pixel group of a display substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is still another arrangement diagram of a sub-pixel group of a display substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of division of pixel units in a row of sub-pixels of a display substrate according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing another pixel unit division in one row of sub-pixels of the display substrate according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • reference numerals are: 1. a pixel unit; 8, a sub-pixel; 81, a sub-pixel group; 9. an evaporation mask; 91, a shielding portion; 92, an opening.
  • the display substrate comprises a plurality of sub-pixel matrices of at least two colors, the sub-pixels of each color constituting a plurality of sub-pixel groups, each sub-pixel group comprising at least two colors being the same and in the first direction
  • the adjacently arranged sub-pixels, and the sub-pixel groups of different colors are alternately arranged in the first direction.
  • the first direction is the direction of the row or column.
  • the "first direction” refers to the direction of rows or columns, that is, if sub-pixels in each sub-pixel group are adjacently arranged in one row (the first direction is the row direction), sub-pixel groups of different colors are also In a row, the sub-pixels in each sub-pixel group are adjacently arranged in one column (the first direction is the column direction), and the sub-pixel groups of different colors are also alternately arranged in one column.
  • the display substrate comprises a substrate (for example, a glass, quartz or plastic substrate), and a plurality of sub-pixels 8 disposed on the substrate.
  • the sub-pixels 8 are arranged in a matrix form and include at least two types. colour.
  • the display substrate of this embodiment is exemplified by the RGB mode, that is, it includes three sub-pixels 8 of red (R), green (G), and blue (B).
  • the sub-pixels 8 of each color constitute a plurality of "sub-pixel groups 81", each of the sub-pixel groups 81 includes at least two sub-pixels 8 of the same color and adjacently arranged in the same row; sub-pixel groups of different colors
  • the 81 is arranged in a row (for example, in the manner of "red sub-pixel group 81 - green sub-pixel group 81 - blue sub-pixel group 81 - red sub-pixel group 81" or other sequential loops) in one row or column. This embodiment is described by taking a row of sub-pixel groups 81 of different colors in a row.
  • the sub-pixels 8 are arranged in units of "sub-pixel group 81", that is, the sub-pixels 8 of each color are no longer arranged in a single arrangement, but are arranged in a plurality of ways together, thus The number of sub-pixels 8 separated by sub-pixels 8 (or sub-pixel groups 81) of the same color is increased.
  • each sub-pixel group 81 includes the same number of sub-pixels 8.
  • the total number of sub-pixels 8 of the respective colors is the same, so the algorithm for displaying them is relatively simple, and it is not necessary to consider the number of sub-pixels 8 of a certain color and the number of sub-pixels 8 of other colors. The overall color shift caused.
  • each sub-pixel group 81 includes two sub-pixels 8. Since the content displayed by each sub-pixel 8 in one pixel unit 1 is to be mixed to become a point visible on the display screen, the distance between each sub-pixel 8 in one pixel unit 1 cannot be too large, that is, each sub-pixel The number of sub-pixels 8 in group 81 cannot be too large. For example, each sub-pixel group 81 includes two sub-pixels 8, so that the light mixing is easier to display and the display effect is better.
  • the color mode of the sub-pixel 8 described above, the number of sub-pixels 8 in each sub-pixel group 81, and the like are only an example, and other different forms may be employed.
  • the color of the sub-pixel 8 may also be RGBW mode (red, green, blue, white) or RGBY mode (red, green, blue, yellow), and each sub-pixel group 81 may include three or more. Subpixel 8.
  • the sub-pixel groups 81 of the respective colors in the column direction are alternately arranged. That is to say, unlike the conventional technology, in the display substrate of the embodiment, the colors of the same column of sub-pixels 8 are also changed in turn, instead of being unified into one color, that is, the sub-pixel group 81 is a repeating unit, and the sub-pixels are sub-pixel groups.
  • the pixel groups 81 may be arranged in a mosaic-like manner, that is, the sub-pixel groups 81 of the same color are not adjacent.
  • the arrangement of the i-th row sub-pixel group 81 is a loop of the red sub-pixel group 81 - the green sub-pixel group 81 - the blue sub-pixel group 81 - the red sub-pixel group 81", the i+1th row sub-pixel
  • the arrangement of the groups 81 may be a loop of the green sub-pixel group 81 - the blue sub-pixel group 81 - the red sub-pixel group 81 - the green sub-pixel group 81", and so on.
  • the order of arrangement of the sub-pixel groups 81 of the respective colors in the column direction may be the same as or different from the order of arrangement of the sub-pixel groups 81 of the respective colors in the row direction.
  • the arrangement of the sub-pixel groups 81 may also be an arrangement of another type of mosaic, that is, the sub-pixel group 81 of each row is offset from the sub-pixel group 81 of the adjacent row by a distance of one sub-pixel 8.
  • the corresponding i+1 row may be BRRGGB (see Figure 5-1) or RGGBBR (see Figure 5). -2 ).
  • the arrangement of the sub-pixel groups 81 may also be a triangular arrangement, that is, the sub-pixel groups of the three colors form a triangular shape. For example, referring to FIG. 6, if the arrangement of the i-th row is RRGGBB, the i+1 row is repeated. The corresponding GBBRRG is arranged in order. In such an arrangement, a single sub-pixel 8 may appear instead of the sub-pixel group 81 at the beginning and the end of a partial line (odd line or even line). The invention is not limited to these arrangements, and many variations are possible.
  • the display substrate is an organic light emitting diode display substrate, each sub-pixel thereof
  • the OLED display substrate may further include other known structures such as a gate line, a data line, a thin film transistor drive array, a pixel defining layer (PDL), and the like, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • each of the shielding portions 91 of the vapor deposition mask 9 corresponds to four (two groups) of sub-pixels 8, such that each sub-pixel is in the case where the width of the shielding portion 91 is constant.
  • the width of 8 can be reduced to half of the conventional technique (since each of the masks 91 in the reticle used in the conventional art can correspond to the two sub-pixels 8 in the embodiment of the present invention), such that the size of the sub-pixel 8 is actually reduced. So, the resolution is improved.
  • the opening 92 of the vapor deposition reticle 9 also corresponds to the two sub-pixels 8 (ie, the organic light-emitting layers of the organic light-emitting diodes adjacent to the same-color sub-pixel 8 are connected together), so the size of the opening 92 can be large. This facilitates manufacturing. Since the color of the sub-pixel 8 in the column direction changes in the display substrate of the present embodiment, the corresponding opening 92 is also divided into a plurality of segments shifted by one sub-pixel group 81 in the column direction.
  • the sub-pixels 8 are arranged in units of "groups". Therefore, the number of sub-pixels 8 between the same-color sub-pixels 8 is increased, and the number of sub-pixels 8 corresponding to each of the blocking portions 91 is increased. Therefore, the size (width and/or height) of each sub-pixel 8 can be reduced and the resolution can be improved without the width of the shielding portion 91 being constant.
  • the embodiment of the present invention has been described in terms of an organic light emitting diode display substrate, the configuration of the present embodiment can be applied to other display substrates, such as an organic light emitting diode display substrate using a color film, or a liquid crystal display substrate.
  • the driving method (or division of the pixel unit 1) may also vary.
  • the driving method of the display substrate comprises: providing a driving signal for each sub-pixel to be composed of a plurality of pixel units for display, each pixel unit including sub-pixels of each color arranged in the first direction one of each.
  • the sub-pixels of the pixel unit are arranged in the first direction means that the arrangement direction of each sub-pixel in the same pixel unit is also the first direction; that is, if the sub-pixels in each sub-pixel group are adjacent in one row Arrangement (the first direction is the row direction), then each sub-pixel in one pixel unit is also in one row; and if the sub-pixels in each sub-pixel group are adjacently arranged in one column (the first direction is the column direction), then Each sub-pixel in one pixel unit is also located in one column.
  • a driving method of a display substrate includes: providing a driving signal for each sub-pixel 8 such that each pixel unit 1 composed of the sub-pixels 8 includes one sub-pixel 8 of each color, and each pixel Each of the sub-pixels 8 in the cell 1 is arranged in the first direction.
  • the display of the pixel unit 1 is a result of mixing of the contents (for example, color and brightness, etc.) of the driving display of the respective sub-pixels 8, and therefore the display of the pixel unit 1 is not only related to the type and number of the constituent sub-pixels 8, Also related to its combination form.
  • the sub-pixels 8 of different combinations form the driving signals required for the pixel unit 1 to be different.
  • each row of sub-pixels 8 is divided into a plurality of pixel units 1, and a driving signal is provided for each of the sub-pixels 8 in accordance with the color required for each pixel unit 1, and they are divided into a plurality of pixel units 1;
  • each color sub-pixel 8 has one and only one in each pixel unit 1, and in one embodiment, each pixel unit 1 includes one red (R) sub-pixel 8 and one green (G) sub-pixel 8 , a blue (B) sub-pixel 8.
  • a plurality of sub-pixels 8 of each pixel unit 1 are respectively located in a plurality of adjacent sub-pixel groups 81. As described above, since a plurality of sub-pixels 8 in one pixel unit 1 need to be mixed, these sub-pixels 8 are not too far apart, so that a plurality of sub-pixels 8 in one pixel unit 1 are generally from adjacent sub-pixel groups 81. select.
  • the sub-pixels 8 are shared by the two pixel units 1.
  • the sub-pixels 8 in the display substrate of the embodiment can also be shared as in the Pentile arrangement.
  • the embodiment of the present invention may also have at least a portion of the sub-pixels 8 present in only one pixel unit 1.
  • the first and last partial sub-pixels 8 need not be shared with other pixel units 1, only one pixel.
  • the driving is performed; or in other arrangements or driving methods, some of the sub-pixels 8 in the middle may be driven only when one pixel unit 1 is displayed, and the two pixel units 1 are not required to be shared, and the present invention is not limited thereto. .
  • each pixel unit 1 includes two adjacent sub-pixels 8, and one sub-pixel 8 is spaced apart from the two adjacent sub-pixels 8.
  • the two adjacent first color (for example, R) and second color (for example, G) sub-pixels 8 must belong to two adjacent a sub-pixel group 81, and the sub-pixel 8 of the two adjacent first color (for example, R) and the second color (for example, G) is separated by one sub-pixel 8 and located at the right side thereof is a third color (for example) Sub-pixels 8 of B), which constitute one pixel unit.
  • the above-mentioned sub-pixel 8 sharing method can achieve an excellent color mixing effect, and the display effect is better.
  • any one of the sub-pixels 8 may belong to only one pixel unit 1, that is, the sub-pixels 8 may not be shared.
  • each sub-pixel unit 1 includes three sub-pixels 8 without any shared sub-pixels.
  • Pixel 8 may belong to two pixel units 1, respectively, and each sub-pixel unit 1 includes three sub-pixels 8 without any shared sub-pixels.
  • the sub-pixel group 81 is configured by using the adjacent sub-pixels 8 of the same color in the same row as an example.
  • the sub-pixel group 81 may also be in the same column. Adjacent sub-pixels 8 of the same color are formed.
  • two adjacent sub-pixels 8 of the same color in each column constitute one sub-pixel group 81, and a plurality of sub-pixel groups 81 of different colors are sequentially arranged to form one column, and at the same time, Upward, a plurality of sub-pixel groups 81 of different colors are also arranged in turn, that is, a mosaic-like arrangement is formed.
  • the driving method is similar to the driving method described above, that is, the manner in which the sub-pixels 8 are shared by the sharing of the partitions, or the manner in which the three adjacent sub-pixel groups 81 form the two pixel units 1 is also adopted. And other ways to drive, no longer repeat them here.
  • a display device comprising the above display substrate.
  • the display device may be: a liquid crystal display panel, an electronic paper, an OLED panel, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigation device, and the like, or any display product or component.
  • the display device of the embodiment of the present invention includes the display substrate described above, the resolution thereof is high and the display quality is good.
  • the sub-pixels are arranged in units of "groups", so the number of sub-pixels between different groups of the same-color sub-pixels increases, and the number of sub-pixels corresponding to each occlusion portion increases, so the width of the occlusion portion is not In the case of a change, the size (width or height) of each sub-pixel can be reduced, so that the resolution is improved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)

Abstract

一种显示基板及其驱动方法、显示装置。显示基板包括至少具有两种颜色的多个子像素（8）的矩阵，每种颜色的子像素（8）构成多个子像素组（81），每个子像素组（81）包括至少两个颜色相同且在第一方向中相邻排列的子像素（8），不同颜色的子像素组（81）在第一方向中轮流排列。显示基板可用于显示装置，尤其是不同子像素（8）使用不同有机发光层材料的有机发光二极管显示装置。

Description

显示基板及其驱动方法、 显示装置 技术领域
本发明的实施例涉及一种显示基板及其驱动方法、 显示装置。 背景技术
如图 1所示， 有机发光二极管 (OLED)显示装置的每个像素单元 1 (即显 示屏上的一个 "点"：)由多个位于同一行中的相邻子像素 8构成， 而每个子像 素 8包括一个发光二极管，各子像素 8发不同颜色的光（如 RGB模式， 即每 个像素单元 1由发红光、 绿光、 蓝光的三个子像素 R、 G、 B构成)。 为使子 像素 8发不同颜色的光， 一种方法是使各子像素 8的有机发光二极管都发白 光， 同时在各子像素 8中设置不同颜色的彩膜进行滤光； 但是， 更常用的方 法是在不同子像素 8的有机发光二极管中使用不同的有机发光层材料， 从而 使各有机发光二极管直接发不同颜色的光。
对各子像素 8采用不同有机发光层材料的有机发光二极管显示装置， 其 不同颜色子像素 8 的有机发光层显然要在不同蒸镀工序中分别制造 (但各子 像素 8中的电极等其他结构可以统一形成)。如图 1所示， 在蒸镀某色子像素 8的有机发光层时，要用蒸镀掩模版 9 (FFM)的遮挡部 91挡住其他子像素 8, 从而使有机发光层材料通过开口 92沉积在所需子像素 8上 (在列方向上， 同 种颜色的子像素 8排成一列， 它们的有机发光层是连在一起的， 故不需要遮 挡部 91)。
如图 2所示， 该遮挡部 91的宽度 c=(b+2d x tana), 其中 b为遮挡部 91 中部的宽度， d为蒸镀掩模版 9的厚度， α为遮挡部 91的坡度角。 为了保证 较好的遮挡效果， 蒸镀掩模版 9的 α—般要保持在 40~60度间， 同时， 由于 常规制造工艺水平的限制， （U艮难做到小于 30μηι; 因此， 遮挡部 91宽度的 最小值也受到限制。 由于遮挡部 91 宽度即为同色子像素 8之间的间隔 （对 RGB模式就是两个子像素 8的宽度)， 因此遮挡部 91的最小宽度受限就等于 子像素 8的最小尺寸受限,从而导致分辨率 (单位尺寸内的像素单元 1的数量) 受到限制， 导致影响显示质量。
为提高有机发光二极管显示装置的分辨率， 已经提出子像素 8的 Pentile 排列方式。 在 Pentile排列方式中， 如图 3所示， 红色和蓝色子像素 R、 B数 量减半， 每个红色和蓝色子像素^ B均由两个像素单元 1 "共用"， 这样即 可在子像素 8的数量不变的情况下使像素单元 1的数量增加， 提高分辨率。 显然，由于在 Pentile排列方式中部分子像素 8 (如红色和蓝色子像素 R、B)数 量减少， 并且共用的子像素 8不能同时准确显示两个像素单元 1的内容， 为 此， 需要调整部分子像素 8的面积 （如将红色和蓝色子像素 R、 B的面积增 大)，并配合特定的显示算法 （即计算各子像素 8灰阶的算法)，以保证其显示 质量不降低。
发明人发现常规技术中至少存在如下问题： Pentile排列方式的子像素尺 寸仍受到蒸镀掩模版遮挡区宽度的限制，子像素尺寸并未减小 (部分子像素还 变大了），也就是说这种排列方式不能从根本上提高有机发光二极管显示装置 的分辨率。 发明内容
本发明的实施例提供一种分辨率高的显示基板、 显示装置和显示方法。 根据本发明第一个方面， 提供一种显示基板， 其包括至少具有两种颜色 的多个子像素的阵列， 每种颜色的所述子像素构成多个子像素组，每个所述 子像素组包括至少两个颜色相同且在第一方向中相邻排列的子像素， 以及不 同颜色的子像素组在第一方向中轮流排列。
所述第一方向为行或列的方向。
在一个示例中， 每个子像素组包括的子像素的数量均相同。
在一个示例中， 每个子像素组均包括两个子像素。
在一个示例中， 不同颜色的子像素组在行方向中轮流排列； 以及不同颜 色的子像素组在列方向中轮流排列。
在一个示例中， 所述显示基板为有机发光二极管显示基板， 每个所述子 像素包括一个有机发光二极管， 不同颜色子像素的有机发光二极管的有机发 光层材料不同， 且同色子像素的有机发光二极管的有机发光层在同一次蒸镀 工艺中形成。
根据本发明的另一个方面，提供一种上述显示基板的驱动方法，其包括： 为各个子像素提供驱动信号， 使其组成多个像素单元进行显示， 每个像 素单元包括沿第一方向排列的每种颜色的子像素各一个。
在一个示例中， 所述第一方向为行或列方向。 在一个示例中， 至少部分子像素由两个相邻的像素单元共用。 在一个示例中， 所述显示基板包括三种颜色的子像素； 以及每个像素单 元包括两个相邻的子像素和一个与所述两个相邻子像素间隔一个子像素的子 像素。
在一个示例中， 任意一个子像素均只属于一个像素单元。
在一个示例中， 每个像素单元的多个子像素分别位于多个相邻的像素组 中。
根据本发明的又一个方面，提供一种显示装置，其包括上述的显示基板。 本发明可用于显示装置中， 尤其是不同子像素使用不同有机发光层材料 的有机发光二极管显示装置。 附图说明
以下将结合附图对本发明的实施例进行更详细的说明， 以使本领域普通 技术人员更加清楚地理解本发明， 其中：
图 1为蒸镀掩模版与常规子像素的对应关系示意图；
图 2为蒸镀掩模版的剖视结构示意图；
图 3为常规的 Pentile排列方式的一行子像素中像素单元划分的示意图； 图 4为蒸镀掩模版与本发明一个实施例的显示基板的子像素的对应关系 示意图， 其中同时显示了基板的子像素组的类马赛克的排列形式；
图 5-1为根据本发明一个实施例的显示基板的子像素组的另一种类马赛 克的排列形式图；
图 5-2为根据本发明一个实施例的显示基板的子像素组的另一种类马赛 克的排列形式图；
图 6为根据本发明一个实施例的显示基板的子像素组的又一种排列形式 图；
图 7为本发明实施例 1的显示基板的一行子像素中像素单元划分的示意 图；
图 8为本发明实施例 1的显示基板的一行子像素中另一种像素单元划分 的示意图。
其中附图标记为： 1、 像素单元； 8、 子像素； 81、 子像素组； 9、 蒸镀掩 模版； 91、 遮挡部； 92、 开口。 具体实施方式
为使本发明的实施例的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚， 下面将结合本 发明实施例的附图对本发明的实施例的技术方案进行清楚、 完整的描述。 显 然， 所描述的实施例仅是本发明的一部分示例性实施例， 而不是全部的实施 例。 基于所描述的本发明的示例性实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在无需创造 性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其它实施例都属于本发明的保护范围。
除非另作定义， 此处使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本发明所属领 域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。 本发明专利申请说明书以及权 利要求书中使用的 "第一"、 "第二" 以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、 数 量或者重要性， 而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。 同样， "一个"、 "一"或者 "该"等类似词语也不表示数量限制， 而是表示存在至少一个。 "包括 "或者 "包含" 等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后 面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。 "上"、 "下"、 等仅用于表示相对位置关系， 当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后， 则该相对位 置关系也可能相应地改变。
根据本发明的一个实施例， 显示基板包括至少有两种颜色的多个子像素 矩阵， 每种颜色的子像素构成多个子像素组， 每个子像素组包括至少两个颜 色相同且在第一方向中相邻排列的子像素， 以及不同颜色的子像素组在第一 方向中轮流排列。 所述第一方向为行或列的方向。 本文中， "第一方向"是指 行或列的方向，即若每个子像素组中的子像素在一行中相邻排列 (第一方向为 行方向）， 则不同颜色的子像素组也在一行中轮流排列； 而若每个子像素组中 的子像素在一列中相邻排列（第一方向为列方向）， 则不同颜色的子像素组也 在一列中轮流排列。
如图 4至图 8所示，显示基板包括基板（例如为玻璃、石英或塑料基板)， 以及设在基板上的多个子像素 8, 这些子像素 8排成矩阵的形式， 并且至少 包括两种颜色。
本实施例的显示基板以 RGB模式为例， 即其包括红色 (R)、 绿色 (G)、 蓝 色 (B)三种子像素 8。
每种颜色的子像素 8组成多个 "子像素组 81" , 每个子像素组 81中包括 至少两个颜色相同且在同一行中相邻排列的子像素 8; 不同颜色的子像素组 81轮流排列 (例如按 "红色子像素组 81-绿色子像素组 81-蓝色子像素组 81- 红色子像素组 81" 的方式或者其他顺序循环的方式)成一行或一列。 本实施 例以不同颜色的子像素组 81轮流排列成一行进行说明。
由图可见， 子像素 8是以 "子像素组 81" 为单位排列的， 也就是说每种 颜色的子像素 8不再是单个排列， 而是以多个在一起的方式排列， 这样， 在 同种颜色的子像素 8 (或者说子像素组 81)之间所隔的子像素 8的数量就增多 了。
在一个实施例中，每个子像素组 81包括的子像素 8的数量均相同。这样， 各种颜色的子像素 8的总数就是相同的， 因此用其进行显示时的算法也就比 较筒单， 也不用考虑因某种颜色的子像素 8与其他颜色的子像素 8数量不同 而引起的整体色偏。
在一个实施例中， 每个子像素组 81均包括两个子像素 8。 由于一个像素 单元 1中的各子像素 8显示的内容要混光后才能成为显示屏上可见的点， 因 此一个像素单元 1中的各子像素 8之间的距离不能太大， 即每个子像素组 81 中的子像素 8的数量不能太多。 例如， 每个子像素组 81包括两个子像素 8, 这样， 显示时混光比较容易， 显示效果较好。 当然， 应当理解， 以上所述的 子像素 8的颜色模式、每个子像素组 81中的子像素 8的数量等都只是一个示 例， 还可以采用其他不同的形式。 例如， 子像素 8的颜色也可为 RGBW模 式 (红色、 绿色、 蓝色、 白色)或 RGBY模式 (红色、 绿色、 蓝色、 黄色)， 而 每个子像素组 81中可包括三个或更多的子像素 8。
在一个实施例中，如图 4所示，在列方向上的各颜色的子像素组 81轮流 排列。 也就是说， 与常规技术不同， 本实施例的显示基板中， 同一列子像素 8的颜色也是轮流变化的， 而非统一为一种颜色， 即以子像素组 81为重复单 元，各个颜色的子像素组 81可以以类似马赛克形式排列，也就是相同颜色的 子像素组 81不相邻。 例如， 如果第 i行子像素组 81的排列为红色子像素组 81-绿色子像素组 81-蓝色子像素组 81-红色子像素组 81" 的方式循环， 则第 i+1行子像素组 81的排列可以为绿色子像素组 81-蓝色子像素组 81-红色子像 素组 81-绿色子像素组 81" 的方式循环， 依次类推。 当然， 列方向上各颜色 的子像素组 81的排列顺序可以与行方向上各颜色的子像素组 81的排列顺序 相同或者不同发明不限于此。 通过在行方向和列方向上使子像素 8的颜色轮 流变化， 可使得整体的混光比较均匀， 达到更好的显示效果。 此外，子像素组 81的排列形式还可以为另一种类马赛克的排列方式， 即 每一行的子像素组 81与相邻行的子像素组 81错开一个子像素 8的距离设置。 参见附图 5-1以及 5-2, 例如， 如果第 i行的排列方式为 RRGGBB依次重复 排列， 则第 i+1行对应的可以为 BRRGGB (参见图 5-1 )或者 RGGBBR (参 见图 5-2 )。 子像素组 81 的排列形式还可以为三角形排列， 即三种颜色的子 像素组形成三角形形状，例如，参见图 6,如果第 i行的排列方式为 RRGGBB 依次重复排列，则第 i+1行对应的为 GBBRRG依次排列。在这类排列方式中， 部分行（奇数行或偶数行 )的首尾可出现单个的子像素 8, 而非子像素组 81。 本发明不限于这些排列方式， 还可以有许多变形。
在一个实施例中， 显示基板为有机发光二极管显示基板， 其每个子像素
8中设有一个有机发光二极管， 所述有机发光二极管包括阴极、有机发光层、 阳极， 并且不同颜色的子像素 8的有机发光二极管中的有机发光层采用不同 材料制成。 通过本实施例中将同种颜色的子像素 8组成子像素组 81的方式， 同种颜色的子像素 8的有机发光二极管中的有机发光层可以在一次蒸镀工艺 中形成， 从而可以筒化蒸镀工艺， 同时能解决由于蒸镀掩模版制备工艺的限 制导致分辨率不能显著提高的问题。 有机发光二极管显示基板中还可以包括 栅极线、 数据线、 薄膜晶体管驱动阵列、 像素限定层 (PDL)等其他已知结构， 在此不再详细介绍。
再参见图 4,以子像素组 81的类马赛克排列方式为例来对本发明的实施 例进行说明， 即每种颜色的子像素组 81的四周都是其他颜色的子像素组 81。 在本实施例的显示基板的蒸镀过程中，蒸镀掩模版 9的每个遮挡部 91对应四 个 (两组)子像素 8, 这样在遮挡部 91宽度不变的情况下， 每个子像素 8的宽 度可减小为常规技术的一半 (因为常规技术中使用的掩模版中每个遮挡部 91 可对应本发明实施例中两个子像素 8),这样使其子像素 8的尺寸实际减小了， 因此分辨率得到提高。 同时， 蒸镀掩模版 9的开口 92也会对应两个子像素 8 (；即相邻同色子像素 8的有机发光二极管的有机发光层是连在一起的）， 故开 口 92的尺寸可较大，从而方便制造。 由于本实施例的显示基板中在列方向上 子像素 8的颜色是变化的，故其对应的开口 92在列方向上也分为错开一个子 像素组 81距离的多段。
本发明实施例的显示基板中子像素 8以 "组" 为单位排布， 故同色子像 素 8间的子像素 8的数量增多， 每个遮挡部 91对应的子像素 8的数量增加， 因此在遮挡部 91宽度不变的情况下每个子像素 8的尺寸 (宽度和 /或高度)可减 小， 分辨率得到提高。
虽然本发明的实施例以有机发光二极管显示基板的方式进行了说明， 但 是本实施例的结构也可以用于其他的显示基板， 例如使用彩膜的有机发光二 极管显示基板， 或液晶显示基板等。
由于本发明实施例的显示基板结构发生了变化，故其驱动方法 (或者说像 素单元 1的划分）也会有所变化。
根据本发明的实施例， 上述显示基板的驱动方法包括： 为各个子像素提 供驱动信号， 使其组成多个像素单元进行显示， 每个像素单元包括沿第一方 向排列的每种颜色的子像素各一个。这里， "像素单元的各子像素均沿第一方 向排列" 是指同一个像素单元中的各子像素排列方向也为第一方向； 即若每 个子像素组中的子像素在一行中相邻排列（第一方向为行方向）， 则一个像素 单元中的各子像素也位于一行中； 而若每个子像素组中的子像素在一列中相 邻排列 (第一方向为列方向）， 则一个像素单元中的各子像素也位于一列中。
本发明实施例的显示基板的驱动方法包括： 为各个子像素 8提供驱动信 号， 使得由所述子像素 8构成的每个像素单元 1包括每种颜色的子像素 8各 一个， 且每个像素单元 1中的各子像素 8沿第一方向排列。 需要说明的是， 像素单元 1的显示是各个子像素 8的驱动显示的内容（例如，颜色和亮度等） 混合的结果，因此像素单元 1的显示不仅与构成子像素 8的类型和数量有关， 也与其组合形式有关。 不同组合形式的子像素 8构成像素单元 1所需要的驱 动信号也不同。
也就是说， 将每行子像素 8分为多个像素单元 1 , 并按照各像素单元 1 所需的颜色为其中的各子像素 8提供驱动信号， 将他们分入多个像素单元 1 中； 例如， 每种颜色的子像素 8在每个像素单元 1中有且只有一个， 在一个 实施例中，每个像素单元 1包括一个红色 (R)子像素 8、一个绿色 (G)子像素 8、 一个蓝色 (B)子像素 8。
在一个实施例中， 每个像素单元 1的多个子像素 8分别位于多个相邻的 子像素组 81中。如前所述，由于一个像素单元 1中的多个子像素 8需要混色， 故这些子像素 8不宜相隔太远， 因此一个像素单元 1中的多个子像素 8—般 从邻近的子像素组 81中选择。
例如， 至少部分子像素 8由两个像素单元 1共用。 也就是说， 本发明实 施例的显示基板中的子像素 8也可像 Pentile排列方式中那样被共用。本发明 的实施例也可以有至少部分子像素 8只存在于一个像素单元 1中， 例如在每 一行子像素 8中， 首尾的部分子像素 8不需要与其他像素单元 1共用， 仅在 一个像素单元 1显示时进行驱动； 或者在其他排列方式或驱动方法中， 中间 的有些子像素 8也可以仅在一个像素单元 1显示时进行驱动， 不需要两个像 素单元 1共用， 本发明不限于此。
如图 7所示， 根据一个实施例， 对于 RGB模式的显示基板， 其每个像 素单元 1包括两个相邻的子像素 8, 以及一个与此两个相邻子像素 8间隔一 个子像素 8的子像素 8。 也就是说， 如图 7所示， 采用 "隔位共用" 的方式 共用子像素 8。 由于每个像素单元 1中每种颜色的子像素 8只有一个， 故上 述两个相邻的第一颜色（例如 R )和第二颜色（例如 G ) 的子像素 8必然分 别属于两个相邻的子像素组 81 , 而与这两个相邻的第一颜色（例如 R )和第 二颜色 （例如 G ) 的子像素 8间隔一个子像素 8且位于其右侧的为第三颜色 (例如 B )的子像素 8, 这三个子像素 8组成一个像素单元。 上述的子像素 8 共用方式可达到极佳的混色效果， 使显示效果更佳。
当然， 以上所举的只是一种示例性的子像素 8的共用方式， 还可以采用 其他的共用子像素 8的方式。
例如， 任何一个子像素 8也可均只属于一个像素单元 1 , 即也可不进行 子像素 8共用。
例如，如图 8所示，三个相邻子像素组 81中的六个子像素 8可分别属于 两个像素单元 1 ,每个像素单元 1中包括三个子像素 8,而不存在任何共用的 子像素 8。
需要说明的是，虽然本发明的实施例是以子像素组 81为同一行中相邻的 同颜色的子像素 8构成为例进行说明的， 实际上，子像素组 81还可以为同一 列中相邻的同颜色的子像素 8构成， 如每列中相邻两个同颜色的子像素 8构 成一个子像素组 81 , 多个不同颜色的子像素组 81轮流依次排列形成一列， 同时， 行方向上， 多个不同颜色的子像素组 81也是轮流依次排列，也就是形 成类似马赛克的排列方式。 对于这种排列方式， 其驱动方法也与上述描述的 驱动方法类似， 即也可以采用隔位共用的方式共用子像素 8, 或者三个相邻 的子像素组 81形成两个像素单元 1的方式以及其他方式进行驱动，此处不再 赘述。 根据本发明的实施例还提供一种显示装置， 其包括上述的显示基板。 所 述显示装置可以为： 液晶显示面板、 电子纸、 OLED面板、 手机、 平板电脑、 电视机、 显示器、 笔记本电脑、 数码相框、 导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产 品或部件。
由于本发明实施例的显示装置包括上述的显示基板， 因此其分辨率高， 显示质量好。
本发明的显示基板中子像素以 "组" 为单位排布， 故不同组的同色子像 素间的子像素的数量增多， 每个遮挡部对应的子像素的数量增加， 因此在遮 挡部宽度不变的情况下每个子像素的尺寸 (宽度或高度)可减小， 使得分辨率 得以提高。
可以理解的是， 上面所述仅仅是为了说明本发明原理的示例性实施例和 实施方式， 然而本发明并不局限于此。 对于本领域的普通技术人员而言， 在 不脱离本发明的精神和实质的情况下， 可以做出各种变型和改进， 这些变型 和改进也应属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1. 一种显示基板， 包括：
至少具有两种颜色的多个子像素的矩阵，
每种颜色的子像素构成多个子像素组， 每个子像素组包括至少两个颜色 相同且在第一方向中相邻排列的子像素， 以及
不同颜色的子像素组在第一方向中轮流排列。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的显示基板,其中所述第一方向为行或列的方向。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的显示基板， 其中，
每个子像素组包括的子像素的数量均相同。
4. 根据权利要求 1-3任一项所述的显示基板， 其中，
每个子像素组均包括两个子像素。
5. 根据权利要求 1-3任一项所述的显示基板， 其中，
不同颜色的子像素组在行方向中轮流排列； 以及
不同颜色的子像素组在列方向中轮流排列。
6. 根据权利要求 1-5中任意一项所述的显示基板， 其中，
所述显示基板为有机发光二极管显示基板， 每个所述子像素包括一个有 机发光二极管， 不同颜色子像素的有机发光二极管的有机发光层材料不同， 同色子像素的有机发光二极管的有机发光层在同一次蒸镀工艺中形成。
7. 一种驱动权利要求 1-6中任一项所述的显示基板的方法， 包括： 为各个子像素提供驱动信号， 使其组成多个像素单元进行显示， 每个像 素单元包括沿第一方向排列的每种颜色的子像素各一个。
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的显示基板的驱动方法， 其中,
至少部分子像素由两个相邻的像素单元共用。
9. 根据权利要求 7或 8所述的显示基板的驱动方法， 其中， 所述显示基板包括三种颜色的子像素； 以及每个像素单元包括两个相邻 的子像素和一个与所述两个相邻子像素间隔一个子像素的子像素。
10. 根据权利要求 6-9任一项所述的显示基板的驱动方法， 其中， 任意一个子像素均只属于一个像素单元。
11.根据权利要求 6至 10中任意一项所述的显示基板的驱动方法，其中, 每个像素单元的多个子像素分别位于多个相邻的子像素组中。
12.一种显示装置， 包括：
权利要求 1至 6中任一项所述的显示基板。
PCT/CN2013/086901 2013-05-10 2013-11-12 显示基板及其驱动方法、显示装置 WO2014180104A1 (zh)

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