WO2014174263A1 - Mécanisme de cale - Google Patents

Mécanisme de cale Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014174263A1
WO2014174263A1 PCT/GB2014/051232 GB2014051232W WO2014174263A1 WO 2014174263 A1 WO2014174263 A1 WO 2014174263A1 GB 2014051232 W GB2014051232 W GB 2014051232W WO 2014174263 A1 WO2014174263 A1 WO 2014174263A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wedge
leading edge
insert
plate
recess
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2014/051232
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert Stephen
Original Assignee
Equalizer International Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Equalizer International Limited filed Critical Equalizer International Limited
Publication of WO2014174263A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014174263A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B25B27/14—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for assembling objects other than by press fit or detaching same
    • B25B27/16—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for assembling objects other than by press fit or detaching same abutted flanges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B25B27/14—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for assembling objects other than by press fit or detaching same
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B3/00—Devices or single parts for facilitating escape from buildings or the like, e.g. protection shields, protection screens; Portable devices for preventing smoke penetrating into distinct parts of buildings
    • A62B3/005—Rescue tools with forcing action
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F19/00—Hoisting, lifting, hauling or pushing, not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F3/00—Devices, e.g. jacks, adapted for uninterrupted lifting of loads
    • B66F3/24—Devices, e.g. jacks, adapted for uninterrupted lifting of loads fluid-pressure operated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L23/00—Flanged joints
    • F16L23/003—Auxiliary devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wedge mechanism for a separating tool, optionally comprising a lifting or separating tool incorporating a wedge that moves axially in the tool to lift a heavy item, or to separate two items that are forced together.
  • a wedge mechanism for a separating tool optionally comprising a lifting or separating tool incorporating a wedge that moves axially in the tool to lift a heavy item, or to separate two items that are forced together.
  • Examples of the invention are optionally useful in hydraulic or mechanical tools, and are optionally useful in tools that use high operating loads, to lift heavy objects, or to apply high forces to separate items that are forced together at high loads, e.g. pipeline flanges.
  • Lifting and separating tools have a wedge mechanism that drives a wedge axially in a body of the tool, typically between two plates or jaws disposed on opposing sides of the wedge. As the wedge is driven along an axis between the plates, the plates separate to apply a lifting or separating force to an object.
  • the invention provides a wedge for a separating tool, the wedge having a body with an axis extending between a trailing end and a leading end, and wherein the body tapers from the trailing end to the leading end, wherein the leading end comprises a leading edge insert adapted to be removed from the body and replaced.
  • a wedge mechanism for a separating tool comprising: a wedge and a body which tapers from a trailing end to a leading end; and at least one plate, the wedge having an axis, and the plate and wedge being connected such that as the wedge moves parallel to the axis, the plate is moved radially away from the axis, and wherein the leading end comprises a leading edge insert adapted to be removed from the body and replaced.
  • the invention also provides a method of making a separating tool, the separating tool having a wedge mechanism comprising a wedge having an axis and a body and at least one plate, the method comprising connecting the plate to the wedge such that as the wedge moves parallel to the axis, the plate is moved radially away from the axis, and providing the leading end of the body of the wedge with a leading edge insert adapted to be removed from the body and replaced, and wherein the method includes attaching the leading edge insert on the body by means of a releasable fixing.
  • the invention also provides a method separating two objects, comprising providing a wedge having an axis and a body and providing at least one plate, connecting the plate to the wedge such that as the wedge moves parallel to the axis, the plate is moved radially away from the axis, and providing the leading end of the body of the wedge with a leading edge insert adapted to be removed from the body and replaced, and wherein the method includes inserting the leading edge of the wedge between the two objects, with the plate disposed between the wedge and one of the objects, driving the wedge axially to drive the plate parallel to the axis, thereby driving the plate away from the axis of the body and separating the objects, and wherein the method includes attaching the leading edge insert on the body by means of a releasable fixing.
  • the direction of movement of the plate in relation to the wedge can have a perpendicular component and a parallel component in relation to the axis.
  • the plate is moved in a direction perpendicular to the axis.
  • the body of the wedge is cast, optionally from metal.
  • the leading edge insert can be cast but is optionally formed by a different method than the body of the wedge, for example, by milling or forging from metal.
  • the leading edge insert can be formed from rolled steel and can be machined, e.g. milled into a shape to form a part of the leading edge of the wedge body, or optionally forged.
  • the leading edge insert is harder than the body.
  • the leading edge insert comprises a harder material than the material of the body, or is formed from the same material, but treated to make the leading edge insert harder than the body.
  • leading edge insert is adapted to fit into a recess in the body of the wedge, and optionally is configured to continue the tapered surfaces of the wedge body.
  • the recess is disposed at the leading end of the body.
  • the recess and the insert have complimentary shapes so that the overall taper of the wedge body is maintained across the recess by the insert, without deviation of the outer surface of the body over the recess, when the insert is in place.
  • the insert is retained in the recess, optionally by a fixing such as a bolt or screw, which can optionally be removed to permit removal and replacement of the insert in the recess.
  • a fixing such as a bolt or screw
  • the insert is removed and replaced when it shows signs of wear.
  • the recess is formed in the leading edge of the body of the wedge.
  • the insert extends in an axial direction beyond the recess.
  • insert comprises a plate.
  • the insert and the recess have generally flat surfaces, optionally with a generally rectangular shape, at least at the trailing end of the insert.
  • the insert has a leading edge that is tapered at the same taper as the body, and which optionally extends from the recess, at the leading end.
  • the recess and the insert have flat surfaces, optionally rectilinear surfaces, optionally with at least two rectangular faces.
  • at least one face of the recess is disposed axially behind the insert, to buttress the insert against axial movement in the recess.
  • that face is flat, and in particular examples could be rectangular.
  • the buttressing face does not need to be perpendicular to the axis, or to the face of the body, but merely needs to resist axial movement of the insert in the recess.
  • the leading edge insert forms the leading edge of the wedge body.
  • the plate slides over the outer surface of the leading edge insert.
  • the inner surface of the leading edge insert is pressed into the recess.
  • the inner and outer surfaces of the leading edge insert meet at a tip.
  • the or each plate is retained on the body by a retainer arm, or by a respective retainer arm in the case of more than one plate.
  • the retainer arm extends radially away from the axis of the body, and optionally has a leading face and a trailing face.
  • the trailing face and/or the leading face can optionally be canted at an angle toward the leading end of the wedge with respect to the axis, but optionally at least one of the trailing and leading faces (or both of them) is perpendicular to the face of the body on which the plate is engaged.
  • the leading face of the arm is perpendicular to the axis.
  • leading and trailing faces of the arm can be parallel but this is not necessary and in some examples of the invention the leading and trailing faces are optionally not parallel.
  • the plate has an aperture that receives the radial extension of the arm, and optionally the plate slides along the trailing face of the arm, at the angle defined by the trailing face of the arm.
  • Fig 1 is a side view of a wedge body for use in a wedge mechanism
  • Fig 2 is a plan view from beneath the fig 1 body
  • Fig 3 is a perspective view of the fig 1 body
  • Fig 4 is an exploded perspective view similar to fig 3;
  • Fig 5 is a side view of a separating tool incorporating the wedge body of fig 1, in which the piston is retracted;
  • Fig 6 is a side sectional view of the fig 5 tool, in which the piston is retracted;
  • Figs 7 and 8 are side and section views similar to figs 5 and 6, but with the piston extended;
  • Figs 9 and 10 are plan and section views from above of the tool of fig 5, with the piston retracted;
  • Figs 11 and 12 are plan and sectional views similar to figs 9 and 10, with the piston extended;
  • Figs 13 and 14 are perspective views of the tool with the piston retracted and extended respectively;
  • Figs 15 and 16 are partial perspective views of the tool shown in fig 5 with certain components removed for clarity;
  • Fig 17 shows an exploded view of the tool shown in Fig 5.
  • a wedge mechanism comprises a wedge having a body 10 with upper and lower faces 11, 12, which taper from a trailing end to a leading end. At the leading end the faces 11, 12 converge towards a tip, at which is located a leading edge insert 20 in the form of a generally flat plate, which is secured in a recess 15 on the body 10 of the wedge.
  • the insert 20 has a flat outer surface 21 and a parallel flat inner surface 22, and generally flat sides, and optionally all of the surfaces are generally rectilinear. Three of the flat sides of the insert 20 are optionally perpendicular to the inner and outer surfaces, and one side is chamfered as will be discussed in more detail below.
  • the depth, width (and optionally the length) of the recess 15 optionally matches the corresponding depth and width of the side walls of the insert 20.
  • the flat outer face 21 of the insert 20 is optionally continuous with the flat upper face 11 of the body 10, so that the insert effectively continues the flat upper surface 11 un-interrupted across the recess.
  • leading-edge 201 of the insert 20 is chamfered to match the taper of at least one of the upper and lower surfaces 11, 12 of the body 10, and optionally the leading-edge 201 of the insert 20 extends from the body to form the apex of the wedge, protruding out of the recess 15, so that when the insert 20 is secured in place in the recess 15 on the body 10, the leading-edge of the wedge is formed entirely by the insert 20, which optionally extends in an axial direction out of the leading end of the body, by about 1 to 3 cm beyond the axial limits of the recess, as best seen in fig 1.
  • the outer face 21 of the insert 20 is flat all the way to the leading edge 201.
  • the opposite lower face of the plate which engages the outer surface of the recess 15 is chamfered or tapered as best seen in fig 1, to match the taper of the lower face 12 of the body 10. Accordingly the shape of the insert 20 engaged in the recess is complementary to the shape of the recess, and the insert 20 blends into the lower and upper tapered faces 11, 12 of the body 10, when secured in the recess 15, as best seen in fig 1, continuing these surfaces without interruption.
  • the insert 20 optionally has a plain aperture extending between its inner and outer faces 21, 22 to receive a threaded fixing such as a bolt, which passes through the insert 20, and engages in a threaded aperture in the face of the recess 15, to secure the insert 20 releasably to the body 10, in a manner than secures the insert 20 in place, but allows its quick removal by loosening the fixing in the event of damage to the insert 20.
  • a threaded fixing such as a bolt
  • the recess 15 has a support wall 16 that is perpendicular to the face of the recess, and perpendicular to the face of the surface 11 to provide a backstop for the insert 20 when secured in the recess, so that forces applied to the insert 20 by the plates when the wedge is driven axially between the plates are transferred to the wall 16 rather than to the threaded fixing alone, although the threaded fixing can optionally bear some of the forces applied to the insert 20.
  • the insert is buttressed from below and behind by the body, so point loads applied to the insert 20 during operation of the separating tool are spread evenly around the body 10.
  • the upper and lower faces 11, 12 of the body 10 optionally have slots 13 (see Fig 2) extending in line with the axis x-x of the body 10.
  • the upper and lower faces 11, 12 are optionally connected by sides.
  • the trailing end of the wedge body 10 is optionally open to receive a driver device, such as a hydraulic cylinder, although not all examples of the invention need to be hydraulic, and some drivers can comprise a mechanical system with a threaded stem and a captive nut for example.
  • the wedge body 10 can be used in a wedge tool 1 having at least one plate 30.
  • Two plates 30 (upper and lower) are shown in this example, disposed on opposite upper and lower faces 11, 12 of the wedge body 10.
  • the plates 30 optionally have steps and interlocking castellations, and optionally have apertures 31 which line up with the slots 13 in the body 10.
  • the wedge 10 is driven in an axial direction by a hydraulic cylinder 40 having a piston 50, which extends from the cylinder 40 to drive the wedge 10 axially between the plates 30, which causes the plates to move radially apart in opposite directions away from the axis x-x, with a slight axial component as well as radially relative to the axis x-x; in this example, the plates 30 in the direction of the arrows in Fig 7.
  • the angle of radial movement of the plates 30 relative to the axis x-x is determined by optional retainer arms 41 which extend radially from the body 10, through the slots 13 in the body, and through the apertures 31 in the plates 30, to prevent, or at least restrict, the axial movement of the plates 30 relative to the cylinder 40 while the piston 50 is driven axially to move the wedge body 10 along the axis x-x.
  • the arms 41 are mounted on an collar which supports the arms 41 and which has a central bore to receive the piston 50.
  • the collar slots over the piston 50, and is received in the space formed between the side walls extending between the faces 11, 12.
  • the side walls have a profiled inner recess that receives the collar and the cylinder 40, and the arms 41 extend out of the slots 13 in the faces 11, 12.
  • the collar is prevented from rotation relative to the body 10 by the arms 41 extending through the slots 13, and by the profile of the recess in the space between the side walls.
  • the arms 41 each have a leading face and a trailing face, which in this example are optionally non parallel to one another; the leading face closest to the leading end of the body is optionally perpendicular to the axis of the body.
  • the trailing face is perpendicular to the face of the body on which the respective plate is engaged.
  • the leading and trailing faces of the arms can be mutually parallel.
  • each plate slides along the trailing face of the arm 41, at the angle defined by the trailing face of the arm 41.
  • the wedge body 10 slides underneath the plates 30, so that the smooth opposite tapered faces 11, 12 of the wedge body 10 slide along the smooth inner surfaces of the plates 30.
  • the upper face 21 of the insert 20 forms a continuous flat surface with the upper face 11, and the chamfered or tapered lower face 22 likewise forms a continuous flat surface with the lower face 12, so that the plates 30 slide over the insert 20 and wedge body 10 alike, without restriction by the insert 20.
  • a spring device provided optionally within the bore of the piston 50 is optionally held in tension as the piston 50 extends from the cylinder 40, and optionally returns the piston to its starting position shown in Fig 5 in the absence of other forces.
  • the plates 30 are optionally secured to the body 10 with a T-headed sliding
  • the body 11 of the wedge is cast, optionally from metal such as steel.
  • the insert 20 can also be cast but in this example, the insert 20 is optionally formed by machining a piece of rolled forged steel, optionally a tool steel or other harder metal as compared with the remainder of the body 10.
  • the insert 20 is optionally milled from a flat piece of rolled steel, and optionally the leading edge 201 is formed by chamfering it with the same tapered angle as the lower face 12 of the wedge body 10.
  • the insert 20 As the insert 20 is retained in the recess by a fixing such as a bolt or screw, it can be removed quickly if damaged or worn to permit replacement of the insert 20 in the recess 15 without dis-assembling re-dressing the remainder of the tool, or replacing the body 10.
  • the insert is removed and replaced when it shows signs of wear, for example, bending, scratching, cracking etc.
  • the insert can be removed simply by removing the plate on the recessed face 11, without requiring further dis-assembly of the device.
  • the tool 1 is placed in the configuration shown in Fig 14, with the insert 20 exposed beyond the limits of the plates 30, and the fixing securing the insert 20 to the recess 15 is removed. If the insert 20 becomes buckled or scratched or cracked this can cause irregularities in the surfaces 11, 12, which can affect the freedom of the plates 30 to slide freely over the advancing and retreating wedge body 10, which can worsen any asymmetrical distribution of forces on the plates, increasing the buckling of other components, and increasing the risk of failure under load, potentially causing injury to the user. Having a replaceable insert 20 means that the insert can be replaced when the damage is minimal, thereby reducing the risks of damaging other parts of the device.
  • the insert can be formed from a harder material and be less likely to deform under radial loadings applied to the plates 30 at the leading edge, and hence the initial deformation that leads to damage to other components can be avoided or reduced.
  • the body 10 can be formed in a single piece from cast material allowing considerable design freedom in selecting different shapes and functions of the body, and greater efficiencies in manufacturing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un mécanisme de cale destiné à un outil de séparation incorporant une cale qui se déplace en sens axial dans l'outil pour lever un élément lourd, ou pour séparer deux éléments qui sont pressés l'un contre l'autre. La cale possède un corps avec un axe s'étendant entre une extrémité arrière et une extrémité avant, et le corps s'effile de l'extrémité arrière à l'extrémité avant. L'extrémité avant comprend un insert de bord avant adapté pour être retiré du corps et remplacé. Le corps de la cale est coulé, éventuellement dans du métal. L'insert de bord avant peut être coulé, mais est éventuellement formé par un procédé différent de celui du corps de la cale, par exemple, par usinage ou forgeage à partir de métal, et est éventuellement plus dur que le corps.
PCT/GB2014/051232 2013-04-22 2014-04-22 Mécanisme de cale WO2014174263A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1307207.9A GB2513316B (en) 2013-04-22 2013-04-22 Wedge mechanism
GB1307207.9 2013-04-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014174263A1 true WO2014174263A1 (fr) 2014-10-30

Family

ID=48537579

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2014/051232 WO2014174263A1 (fr) 2013-04-22 2014-04-22 Mécanisme de cale

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2513316B (fr)
WO (1) WO2014174263A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108278422A (zh) * 2018-01-29 2018-07-13 天智羲王管道科技有限公司 一种银离子石墨烯cipp翻转内衬的施工方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992014674A1 (fr) * 1991-02-14 1992-09-03 Paul Louis Joseph Tilman Dispositif d'ecartement ou de levage
CH684635A5 (de) * 1990-10-16 1994-11-15 Ernst Roth Manfred Kraehenbueh Stechbeitel mit Wendemessern resp. Klingen.
WO1998047809A1 (fr) * 1997-04-18 1998-10-29 Future Alignments Limited Dispositif de separation
WO2000057957A1 (fr) * 1999-03-26 2000-10-05 B.V. Holmatro Industrial Equipment Appareil pour separer des pieces de coulee
DE20318458U1 (de) * 2003-11-28 2004-04-22 Linke, Sander Stechbeitel/Klinge mit auswechselbarem Schneidenteil

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0005121D0 (en) * 2000-03-03 2000-04-26 Future Alignments Limited Separating device
US6354569B1 (en) * 2001-01-03 2002-03-12 Michael C. Gioia Cribbing apparatus for stabilizing a post-accident vehicle
GB0810231D0 (en) * 2008-06-05 2008-07-09 Equalizer Internat Ltd Flange spreader

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH684635A5 (de) * 1990-10-16 1994-11-15 Ernst Roth Manfred Kraehenbueh Stechbeitel mit Wendemessern resp. Klingen.
WO1992014674A1 (fr) * 1991-02-14 1992-09-03 Paul Louis Joseph Tilman Dispositif d'ecartement ou de levage
WO1998047809A1 (fr) * 1997-04-18 1998-10-29 Future Alignments Limited Dispositif de separation
WO2000057957A1 (fr) * 1999-03-26 2000-10-05 B.V. Holmatro Industrial Equipment Appareil pour separer des pieces de coulee
DE20318458U1 (de) * 2003-11-28 2004-04-22 Linke, Sander Stechbeitel/Klinge mit auswechselbarem Schneidenteil

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108278422A (zh) * 2018-01-29 2018-07-13 天智羲王管道科技有限公司 一种银离子石墨烯cipp翻转内衬的施工方法
CN108278422B (zh) * 2018-01-29 2020-01-21 天智羲王管道科技有限公司 一种银离子石墨烯cipp翻转内衬的施工方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB201307207D0 (en) 2013-05-29
GB2513316A (en) 2014-10-29
GB2513316B (en) 2021-01-20

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