WO2014173054A1

WO2014173054A1 - Dry distillation and quenching system and process for lignite powder

Info

Publication number: WO2014173054A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/082367
Authority: WO
Inventors: 董书通; 雷辰; 唐葆仁; 董铖昊
Original assignee: 郑州永通特钢有限公司
Priority date: 2013-04-26
Filing date: 2013-08-27
Publication date: 2014-10-30
Also published as: CN103194247A; CN103194247B

Abstract

Disclosed is a dry distillation and quenching system for a lignite powder, comprising a lignite dry distillation furnace of external heating type and charged with coal at the top, and a quenching tower of indirect cooling type, wherein the dry distillation furnace comprises a plurality of alternating dry distillation chambers and combustion chambers, the tops of the dry distillation chambers are provided with stockers, and the bottoms thereof are slope-shaped, the slant angles of the slopes are larger than the repose angle of the coke powder, and coke outlets and quantitative coke discharge mechanisms are provided at the bottom ends of the slopes; and the coke powder from the coke outlets of the lignite dry distillation furnace is transported to a coke powder cooling pipe, the coke powder in the coke powder cooling pipe is cooled by cooling water and then the cooled coke powder is discharged out of the quenching tower via a spiral discharge machine. The lignite powder is used as the raw material, the production capacity is large, and by choice, coal gas and tar can be produced besides the coke powder, or the lignite powder can be fully combusted in the combustion chambers and flues of the dry distillation furnace and then the heat energy thereof is utilized to generate power.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dry distillation and quenching system and process for lignite coal powder. Background technique

In the existing lignite pyrolysis pyrolysis technology, whether the heating method is internal heat type or external heat type, these technologies are not mature. At present, more internal heat type blue carbon low temperature (about 600 °C) dry distillation furnace equipment is used. The output is mostly around 30,000 tons/year, and only coal blocks in the range of 25 ~ 50 只能 can be used as raw materials, and a large amount of crushed coal and pulverized coal of < ²⁵无法 cannot be effectively utilized.

The technology and technology of the large-scale coke oven equipment currently used for the production of coke products have matured. The dry distillation of coal is carried out by the external heating method of carbonization chamber and combustion chamber separation, and the coal powder is used as raw material. The production practice, the newly built coke oven in recent years, each production can reach 1 million tons / year, the highest can even exceed 3 million tons / year. The coke oven mainly produces coke coal such as coking coal and fat coal with strong cohesiveness as raw materials to produce block coke.

For the top-mounted vertical coke oven, the powdered raw coal is loaded into the carbonization chamber from the top. According to different settings of the gas and flue gas passages, the gas and tar which are decomposed by the dry distillation can be taken out of the coke oven for use, or it can be fully burned in the combustion chamber and the flue of the coke oven to generate electricity by using the thermal energy. Pulverized coal by high temperature retorting

After about 1000 °C, a whole piece of coke is formed in the carbonization chamber. The furnace door on both sides of the carbonization chamber is the same width and height as the carbonization chamber. Before the coke is opened, the furnace doors are opened on both sides, and the coke block is pushed out from the coke oven. The coke block falls into the quenching car or the coke tank, and then the water is drenched. Or quenching or cooling the dry quenching tank using inert gas as the medium.

The above process for producing coke can only be batch-type, with an interval of more than 12-20 hours.

However, due to the lack of cohesive components, lignite can only become loose high-temperature coke powder after high-temperature dry distillation. High-temperature coke powder will cause explosion hazard by water leaching. Therefore, the carbonization chamber and furnace door structure of the coke oven and the coke and quenching The method is not applicable to brown coal dry distillation. Therefore, it is necessary to design a dry distillation and quenching system and process for lignite coal powder in view of the shortcomings in the prior art. Summary of the invention

The present invention has been accomplished in view of at least one of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a dry distillation and quenching system for lignite pulverized coal, including a lignite dry distillation furnace and an intercooled quenching tower of an externally heated top coal Wherein the dry distillation furnace comprises a phase-to-phase retorting chamber and a combustion chamber, the top of the retorting chamber is provided with a coal inlet and a coal feeder, and the bottom is sloped, the inclination angle of the slope is greater than the accumulation angle of the coke powder, The bottom end is provided with a coke outlet and a quantitative defocusing mechanism; the quenching tower comprises a tower body, a plurality of vertically disposed coke powder cooling pipes and a screw discharge machine, wherein the coke powder cooling pipe is disposed in the tower body Medium, and the tower body further contains cooling water, the spiral discharge machine is disposed at a lower portion of the tower body; wherein the coke powder from the coke outlet of the lignite dry distillation furnace is transported to the coke powder cooling pipe, After the cooling water cools the coke powder in the coke powder cooling pipe, the cooled coke powder is discharged to the quenching tower through a screw discharger.

The dry distillation and quenching system of the invention adopts lignite coal powder as raw material, has large production capacity, and the product can be selected to produce gas and tar in addition to the coke powder, or is selected to be fully combusted in the dry distillation furnace combustion chamber and the flue. Thermal power generation. Among them, the use of the intercooled quenching tower to cool the coke powder can recover the heat of the sensible heat of the high-temperature coke powder, for example, can be used for power generation.

According to another aspect of the invention, the system continuously adds lignite to the retorting chamber via a stoker.

According to another aspect of the invention, the slope is inclined to both sides or one side of the retorting chamber, and the coke opening is the same width as the retorting chamber.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the system further includes a coke drum with a coke drum and a hoist for transporting the coke powder from the coke outlet to the underside of the hoist through the coke drum, The hoist lifts and traverses the coke drum filled with high-temperature coke powder to the top of the quenching tower, and puts the coke powder into coke-cold But in the tube.

According to another aspect of the invention, the dry distillation furnace is provided with a plurality of gas and flue gas passages, and the retorting furnace body is constructed of refractory bricks.

According to another aspect of the invention, the coke frying coke is controlled by a quantitative out-of-focus mechanism.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a guide groove is provided at the exit opening for introducing high temperature coke from the exit port into the coke drum, and a closed shield is disposed above the guide groove.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a process for producing coke breeze using the above system, comprising the steps of:

The lignite is continuously added to the dry distillation chamber through the coal feeder;

Lignite generates loose high temperature coke powder in the dry distillation furnace;

The coke powder flows along the bottom of the retorting chamber and is loaded into the coke car by a quantitative defocusing mechanism; the coke powder is transported to the top of the quenching tower, and is loaded into the coke powder cooling pipe, cooling water Cooling the coke powder in the coke powder cooling pipe;

The cooled coke powder is discharged from the quenching tower through a screw discharger.

Compared with the prior art, the system and the process of the invention have one or more of the following advantages: high temperature coke powder cooling safety; use lignite coal powder as raw material, improve the utilization rate of lignite, save mineral resources, protect Environment; In addition to coke powder, the product can also choose to produce gas and tar, or choose to use it to generate electricity in the dry distillation furnace combustion chamber and flue gas after fully burning; use the intercooled quenching tower to cool the coke powder, can recover high temperature The sensible heat of coke powder, for example for power generation. DRAWINGS

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a dry distillation and quenching system of lignite pulverized coal according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the system of Figure 1 taken along the A-A direction.

3 is a cross-sectional view of a quenching tower of a dry distillation and quenching system of lignite pulverized coal according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure.

Figure 4 is a plan view of the quenching tower of Figure 3.

detailed description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention Various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

Referring to Fig. 1, there is shown a dry distillation and quenching system of lignite pulverized coal according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which comprises an external thermal top coal charging lignite dry distillation furnace and an intercooled quenching tower. Wherein, the dry distillation furnace comprises a plurality of intersecting retorting chambers 1 and a combustion chamber 2, and a top of the retorting chamber 1 is provided with a coal feeding port 5 and a coal feeder 6. Referring to Fig. 2, the bottom portion 7 of the retorting chamber is sloped, and the inclination angle of the slope 7 is larger than the accumulation angle of the coke powder. Preferably, the angle of inclination is, for example, greater than 30 degrees. A coke opening 8 and a quantitative defocusing mechanism 9 are provided at the bottom end of the slope.

Referring to Figures 3-4, the quenching tower includes a tower body, a plurality of vertically disposed coke powder cooling tubes, and a screw discharger 22 (shown in Figure 1). Preferably, the quenching tower may further include a top cover 31 and a top cover opening and closing device 21. A hot focus inlet is provided on the top cover 31. The coke powder cooling pipe is disposed in the tower body, and the tower body further contains cooling water, and the screw discharger 22 is disposed at a lower portion of the tower body. Preferably, the quenching tower is provided with one or more water outlets 32 and one or more water inlets 34, and the bottom of the quenching tower is provided with a cold focus outlet 33. Preferably, the cooling water in the quenching tower can be provided, for example, by a water circulation system. Preferably, the quenching tower can be placed at a certain height from the ground by means of four brackets.

Preferably, the high temperature coke from the coke outlet 8 of the lignite dry distillation furnace is sent to the coke cooling tube. The coke powder is discharged through the auger 22 to the quenching tower.

Preferably, the slope may be inclined to both sides or one side of the retorting chamber 1, and the coke opening 8 is the same width as the retorting chamber 1. Preferably, the system may also include a coke trolley 16 with a coke drum 15 and a hoist 19. The coke drum 16 is used to transport the coke powder from the coke outlet 8 below the hoisting machine 19 through the coke drum 15, which lifts and traverses the coke drum 15 filled with high-temperature coke powder to the extinguishing At the top of the tower of the coke, the coke powder is placed in the coke cooling tube. It will be appreciated that the tools used to transport high temperature coke powder in the prior art are varied and are not limited to this example.

Preferably, the dry distillation furnace is provided with a plurality of gas and flue gas passages 3, and the dry distillation furnace body 4 is constructed of refractory bricks. Preferably, the coke opening 8 is provided with a guiding groove 14 for introducing the high-temperature coke powder flowing out of the coke opening 8 into the coke drum 15, and the closing groove 17 is disposed above the guiding groove 14.

Preferably, the present invention also provides a process for producing coke breeze using the above system, which may include the following steps: lignite generates loose high-temperature coke powder in the dry distillation furnace; coke powder along the bottom slope of the retorting chamber 7 and / Or the guiding groove 14 flows, and is loaded into the coke car by the quantitative defocusing mechanism; the coke powder is transported to the top of the quenching tower, and is loaded into the coke powder cooling pipe, the cooling water pair The coke powder in the coke powder cooling tube is subjected to a cooling process; the cooled coke powder is discharged from the quenching tower through a screw discharger 22.

Preferably, the bottom of each side of the retorting chamber is provided with a coke opening 8 next to the bottom end of the slope. The quantitative out-of-focus mechanism 9 can control the amount of defocus in a quantitative manner.

Alternatively, the loading of the coal loading vehicle along the rail at the top of the furnace may be performed to complete the operation of adding coal to the retorting chamber 1 through the coal charging port 5.

Preferably, the lower end of the coke opening 8 on both sides of the retorting chamber is disposed, and a guiding groove 14 is provided to introduce the high-temperature coke powder flowing out of the coke outlet into the coke drum 15. The coke drum is placed on the coke drum 16 and parked below the coke opening 8 on both sides of the retorting chamber to be cokeed. A closed protective cover 17 is provided above the guiding groove 14, to prevent dust from being generated during the coke and to protect the operator in front of the furnace.

Preferably, the coke drums 16 on both sides are pulled by the electric motor vehicle 18 and run along the sides of the retorting furnace in the direction parallel to the retorting furnace. The coke drum 16 and the coke drum 15 containing the high temperature coke powder are drawn under the hoist 19. The hoist lifts the coke tank filled with high-temperature coke powder and traverses to the top of the 20-cold quenching tower. Cooperating with the quenching tower top cover opening and closing device 21, the high temperature coke powder is charged into the intercooled quenching tower, and cooled by water cooling. The cooled coke breeze is discharged by a screw feeder 22 below the quenching tower.

It will be appreciated that the prior art can be utilized with respect to the specific details of the dry distillation gas lane, the flue and associated machinery, equipment and their controls, as well as the post-treatment details of the generated flue gas, gas and tar.

The dry distillation and quenching system and process of the lignite pulverized coal of the present invention has one or more of the following advantages over the prior art:

1) Lignite pulverized coal can be used as a raw material, which expands the utilization range of lignite, and utilizes lignite pulverized coal or a crushed medium which cannot be utilized in the prior art, thereby reducing the cost of raw materials;

2) Like a large-scale coke oven, the digital retorting chamber and the combustion chamber are combined into a porous retorting furnace to carry out the pyrolysis pyrolysis production of lignite on a large scale and efficiently;

3) The dry distillation furnace type and the dry distillation product can be selected according to the composition and output demand of lignite. Gas and tar can be obtained in addition to the coke powder, or it can be fully burned in the combustion chamber and flue of the coke oven to generate electricity by using the thermal energy. ;

4) Continuous coal addition and continuous coke extraction can improve the production efficiency of the dry distillation furnace;

5) By cooling the coke powder through the intercooled quenching tower, the sensible heat of the high-temperature coke powder can be recovered and the energy utilization rate can be improved.

In summary, the dry distillation and quenching system and process of the lignite coal powder of the present invention increase the utilization rate of lignite, save energy and protect the environment. The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. It is to be understood that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

Claim

A dry distillation and quenching system for a lignite coal pulverized coal, characterized by comprising a lignite dry distillation furnace of an externally heated top-loading coal and an intercooled quenching tower; wherein the retorting furnace comprises a phase-by-hole fractional distillation chamber and a combustion chamber, a top of the dry distillation chamber is provided with a coal inlet and a coal feeder, the bottom is sloped, the inclination angle of the slope is larger than the accumulation angle of the coke powder, and the coke outlet and the quantitative defocusing mechanism are arranged at the bottom end of the slope ;

The quenching tower includes a tower body, a plurality of vertically disposed coke powder cooling tubes, and a screw discharger, wherein the coke powder cooling tube is disposed in the tower body, and the tower body further contains cooling water, the spiral The discharge machine is arranged at the lower part of the tower body;

Wherein, the coke powder from the coke outlet of the lignite dry distillation furnace is transported into the coke powder cooling pipe, and after the cooling water is cooled by the coke powder in the coke powder cooling pipe, the cooled coke The powder is discharged from the quenching tower through a screw discharger.

2. The millenium and quenching system of lignite pulverized coal according to claim 1, characterized in that lignite is continuously added to the dry distillation chamber by a coal feeder.

3. The quenching and quenching system of lignite pulverized coal according to claim 1, wherein the slope is inclined to two sides or one side of the retorting chamber, and the coke opening is the same as the dry anger chamber width.

4. The quenching and quenching system of lignite pulverized coal according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by further comprising a coke drum and a hoist with a coke drum for passing the coke The can transports the coke powder from the coke outlet to the underside of the hoist, the hoist lifts and moves the coke drum filled with the high temperature coke powder to the top of the quenching tower, and loads the coke powder into the coke breeze Cool the tube.

The dry distillation and coke quenching system of lignite pulverized coal according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein the kneading furnace is provided with a plurality of gas and flue gas passages, and the retorting furnace body is made of refractory brick.

The dry distillation and quenching system of lignite pulverized coal according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the coke frying coke is controlled by a quantitative defocusing mechanism.

7. The dry coal and quenching system of brown coal pulverized coal according to claim 5, wherein a guiding groove is provided at the coke opening for introducing high temperature coke powder flowing out of the coke outlet into the coke tank, A closed shield is placed above the guide groove.

8. A process for producing coke breeze using the system of claims 1-7, characterized by comprising the steps of:

The lignite continuously enters the dry distillation chamber through the coal feeder;

The coke powder flows along the bottom of the retorting chamber and is loaded into the coke car through the quantitative coke mechanism; the coke powder is transported to the top of the quenching tower, and is loaded into the coke powder cooling pipe, and cooled Water cooling the coke powder in the coke powder cooling pipe;