WO2014168479A1 - Procédé pour la production d'agrégats d'asphalte de récupération - Google Patents

Procédé pour la production d'agrégats d'asphalte de récupération Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014168479A1
WO2014168479A1 PCT/NL2014/050226 NL2014050226W WO2014168479A1 WO 2014168479 A1 WO2014168479 A1 WO 2014168479A1 NL 2014050226 W NL2014050226 W NL 2014050226W WO 2014168479 A1 WO2014168479 A1 WO 2014168479A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
aggregates
reclaimed asphalt
bitumen
process according
asphalt
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NL2014/050226
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Cornelis M.A. VAN DEN BEEMT
Mathias M.J. JACOBS
Marinus HUURMAN
Ernst W. DEMMINK
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Bam Groep N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=48670734&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO2014168479(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Koninklijke Bam Groep N.V. filed Critical Koninklijke Bam Groep N.V.
Publication of WO2014168479A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014168479A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
    • E01C19/02—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for preparing the materials
    • E01C19/05—Crushing, pulverising or disintegrating apparatus; Aggregate screening, cleaning, drying or heating apparatus; Dust-collecting arrangements specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
    • E01C19/02—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for preparing the materials
    • E01C19/10—Apparatus or plants for premixing or precoating aggregate or fillers with non-hydraulic binders, e.g. with bitumen, with resins, i.e. producing mixtures or coating aggregates otherwise than by penetrating or surface dressing; Apparatus for premixing non-hydraulic mixtures prior to placing or for reconditioning salvaged non-hydraulic compositions
    • E01C19/1013—Plant characterised by the mode of operation or the construction of the mixing apparatus; Mixing apparatus
    • E01C19/1027—Mixing in a rotary receptacle
    • E01C19/1036—Mixing in a rotary receptacle for in-plant recycling or for reprocessing, e.g. adapted to receive and reprocess an addition of salvaged material, adapted to reheat and remix cooled-down batches

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the production of reclaimed asphalt aggregates, in particular of granular reclaimed asphalt aggregates obtained after
  • Asphalt is sometimes referred to as asphalt concrete. Asphalt is generally used in road pavements, but other uses, e.g. in roofing felts and the like, are also possible.
  • Asphalt from a road pavement may generally contain from 3 to 8%wt bitumen, more generally 4 to 5%wt.
  • the major part of asphalt is constituted of aggregates.
  • the aggregates tend to be granular.
  • the aggregates in asphalt commonly have a variety of dimensions and usually vary from coarse, e.g. with a minimum diameter of greater than 2 mm, and fine aggregates, e.g. with a maximum diameter of 2 mm.
  • Finer filling material e.g. having a maximum diameter of 63 ⁇ may be defined as formally dosed artificial fines or as a separate form of aggregate.
  • the largest aggregates typically do not have a maximum diameter that exceeds 32 mm.
  • the aggregates are mixed together with the bitumen, spread and compacted, usually while being hot, to form a road pavement.
  • Roads tend to age and when aged roads are being renewed, large quantities of reclaimed asphalt become available. From an environmental standpoint it is undesirable to dump the reclaimed asphalt as waste. Therefore, there is an increasing requirement to recycle reclaimed asphalt.
  • asphalt is already being reclaimed.
  • reclaimed asphalt that may optionally first be broken into granular pieces, are heated and mixed with fresh asphalt.
  • the reclaimed asphalt comprises bitumen
  • the temperature to which the reclaimed asphalt may be heated is limited. If the temperature becomes too high the bitumen becomes sticky or even liquid so that the reclaimed asphalt will be difficult to handle or can even no longer be handled in an asphalt plant. Heating the reclaimed asphalt to such high temperature also results in a higher emission of volatile organic compounds, VOCs, and in more odour.
  • the limited temperature may constitute a drawback since reclaimed asphalt generally contains a certain amount of moisture and must be dried before it can be re-used in the production of a new asphalt composition. Inter alia for this reason the proportion of reclaimed asphalt in asphalt compositions is in practice generally limited to about 50%wt.
  • JP 2008208606 describes a process for manufacturing recycled aggregates by a cleaning step to remove fine particles using a wet classifier and a grinding step of the remaining aggregates for stripping off bitumen that is adhered to the aggregates.
  • the grinding step is conducted in a grinding machine wherein aggregates are treated in the presence of water. It is generally known that grinding is accomplished by abrasion of material by the free motion of unconnected media such as rods, balls or pebbles. That is confirmed by JP 2008208606 showing that the grinding machine is operated by means of steel balls.
  • the inventors surprisingly found that if reclaimed asphalt lumps are treated by means of impact instead of by using jaw crushers or cone crushers or grinding machines, and subsequently separated into at least a coarse fraction and a fine fraction, the aggregates in the reclaimed asphalt are not further crushed, and that the content of bitumen in the coarse fraction is a significantly lower than the amount of bitumen in the fine fraction.
  • the present invention provide a process for the production of reclaimed asphalt aggregates, comprising the steps:
  • an impact a force or shock applied for a short time period when two or more bodies collide.
  • the force of the impact is suitably chosen so that the crushing of the aggregates themselves is minimized whilst the decomposition into the separate aggregates is optimized.
  • the process of the present invention is suitably carried out without the addition of water. Since the presence of water does not provide any advantage, but merely adds to the energy input render the products of the present invention suitable for re-use in other asphalt compositions, the process according to the present invention is preferably carried out in the substantial absence of water.
  • Bitumen and mastic with mastic being defined as a mixture of bitumen and fine aggregates with a diameter of at most 2 mm, show a temperature- and frequency- dependent behavior.
  • the products of the process according to the invention can advantageously be used in a process for producing a new asphalt composition, wherein the content of reclaimed asphalt aggregates can be increased to levels far above 50%wt. Moreover, the recycle bitumen that is adhered to the reclaimed asphalt aggregates can also be used, thereby reducing the need to complement the bitumen content in the asphalt to be produced with fresh bitumen.
  • the invention also provides a process for the preparation of an asphalt composition comprising reclaimed asphalt aggregates, comprising the steps:
  • the starting material for the process of the present invention comprises reclaimed asphalt lumps. It is understood that this term means the pieces of used and aged asphalt that are recovered when existing asphalt layers, e.g. road pavements, are removed. The pieces may be very large but may also be fairly small.
  • the lumps that may be subjected to an impact treatment in accordance with the invention may typically have a size of about 20 cm, preferably about 10 cm. If it is desired to have the size of the lumps reduced before being subjected to the process according to the present invention such lumps may be broken into smaller pieces by any known method, including by means of several types of crushers.
  • a number of different crusher types are known.
  • Known types include jaw crushers, which comprise tapered plates that form a jaw and which due to the movement of at least one of the plates, a piece of solid material is crushed to smaller pieces; and cone crushers, wherein rocks are squeezed between an eccentrically gyrating spindle and a concave hopper, and thus crushed.
  • the reclaimed asphalt lumps are decomposed by the use of impact. This means that the lumps are allowed to collide with another body that has a different speed from the speed of the lumps.
  • An example of equipment using impact is e.g. a hammer mill.
  • a main advantage of the process of the present invention resides in that the aggregates in the reclaimed asphalt lumps remain unaffected to a significant extent by the impact.
  • the reclaimed asphalt lumps in accordance with the process of the present invention are decomposed in a centrifugal mill.
  • the lumps are accelerated and given a certain velocity that is used for the impact by means of a centrifugal force.
  • the accelerated lumps are made to impact on an impact wall.
  • the impact wall is a solid wall of the housing of the centrifugal mill or a layer of decomposed reclaimed asphalt aggregates.
  • the skilled person can adjust the configuration of the centrifugal mill (e.g. speed and the angle of impact) to achieve the optimal result.
  • a suitable centrifugal mill has been described in EP1335794.
  • This mill comprises a twin-chamber rotor that is mounted in a centrifugal mill housing.
  • Reclaimed asphalt lumps are fed into the rotor, accelerated and hurled to the outside.
  • the lumps or blocks are thrown against a wall of the housing that serves as anvil.
  • the solid material is thrown against a layer of particles that have been passed through the rotor before.
  • the separation of the reclaimed asphalt aggregates into at least a coarse fraction and at least a fine fraction is preferably conducted by means of one or more sieves.
  • the skilled person may separate the reclaimed asphalt aggregates into the desired number of fractions. It may be advantageous to separate the reclaimed asphalt aggregates into three or more fractions. For instance, a very coarse fraction with particles having a maximum size of more than about 20 to about 50 mm can be separated. Such a fraction may suitably be recycled to the impact treatment.
  • the separation may also be conducted such that another coarse fraction containing particles with a diameter between about 2 mm and about 25 mm, is obtained which is recovered as the coarse fraction according to the invention.
  • a fine fraction having particles with a diameter of 2 mm may suitably be recovered as the fine fraction according to the invention.
  • the skilled person will understand that more fractions may be separated, e.g. a very fine fraction with particles having a maximum diameter of 50 to 90 pm, e.g. 63 pm. Such a fraction may be considered dust.
  • the skilled person will also realize that the separation between the fractions may be applied differently; the cut may be e.g. at 1 mm and at 22 mm. It is possible to use the standard sieves that are commonly applied in the industry, which include 63 pm, 125 pm, 500 pm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 4 mm, 5.6 mm, 8 mm, 11.2 mm, 16 mm, 22.4 mm and 45 mm.
  • Standard sieves have been mentioned in standard EN 13043.
  • the diameters are determined by using the appropriate sieve in accordance with EN 13043. That means that the fine aggregates with a diameter of at most 2 mm correspond with the fraction that passes a 2 mm sieve.
  • the more coarse fraction, i.e. particles with a diameter of more than 2 mm, is the fraction that does not pass the 2 mm sieve.
  • the reclaimed asphalt aggregates in the at least one coarse fraction contains very little recycle bitumen.
  • the reclaimed asphalt aggregates in the at least one coarse fraction contain a lower level of recycle bitumen than the used asphalt aggregates in the at least one fine fraction.
  • the difference in recycle bitumen content between the coarse fraction and the fine fraction may such that the fine fraction contains at least three times more recycle bitumen than the coarse fraction.
  • the reclaimed asphalt aggregates in the at least one coarse fraction suitably contain a maximum of 2,5 %wt of recycle bitumen preferably a maximum of 1.5 %wt, more preferably 1.0%wt, based on the weight of the reclaimed asphalt aggregates
  • the reclaimed asphalt aggregates in the at least one fine fraction contain a minimum of 6%wt of recycle bitumen, preferably at least 7 %wt of recycle bitumen, based on the weight of the reclaimed asphalt aggregates in the fine fraction.
  • Recycle bitumen contents in the fine fractions of 25%wt are attainable.
  • the fractions after separation can be treated differently in the preparation of asphalt compositions using these fractions.
  • the fractions may suitably be used in the production of a new asphalt composition.
  • the coarse fraction of the above treated and separated reclaimed asphalt is heated in such a process to a temperature of at least 130 °C. Thanks to the low bitumen content it is possible to heat this coarse fraction to even higher temperatures, e.g. to at least 150 °C. Thanks to the high temperature this coarse fraction can be dried completely which benefits the preparation of the asphalt composition.
  • the hot coarse fraction may in this way provide at least a part of the energy that may be needed to heat the fine fraction that is optionally mixed with the hot coarse fraction and the hot fresh bitumen.
  • the treated and separated hot coarse fraction is preferably heated to at most 220°C, preferably at most 200°C. At higher temperatures the bitumen that may be adhered to the reclaimed asphalt aggregates may get burned and there are no benefits gained at all.
  • the temperature of the reclaimed asphalt aggregates in the at least one fine fraction is preferably kept below 100°C, more preferably below 75°C. Since it is most convenient to add the reclaimed asphalt aggregates in the at least one fine fraction whilst they are at ambient temperature it is most preferred to do so and to refrain from heating these aggregates at all. The excess heat of the coarse fraction or fractions and that of the fresh bitumen will provide for sufficient energy to heat also the fine fraction or fractions.
  • the fresh bitumen that is used in the process according to the present invention can be any usual type of bitumen. Since asphalt production facilities tend to have a number of standard bitumen types available at the facilities, any of these types may be applied in the present process. Suitable bitumen types include those with a penetration up to 220 dmm, e.g. from 40 to 220 dmm, measured in accordance with EN 1426. The type of bitumen may also be varied in accordance with the properties of the recycle bitumen that is present on the reclaimed asphalt aggregates. Dependent on the hardness of the recycle bitumen that is contained in the reclaimed asphalt aggregates, the skilled person may opt for the selection of a rather soft bitumen, i.e.
  • bitumen with a high penetration.
  • the skilled person may also select a polymer modified bitumen.
  • the bitumen has been modified by the addition of one or more polymers.
  • Such polymers may be elastomers, such as styrene butadiene rubber, styrene butadiene block copolymers, linear or star-shaped; styrene isoprene block copolymers, linear or star-shaped, and EPDM rubber (ethylene propylene diene monomer polymer).
  • thermoplasts may be added, such as,
  • the skilled person will strive that when the fresh bitumen and the reclaimed asphalt aggregates are mixed the kinematic viscosity of the mixed bitumen at the mixing temperature will be at most 200 cSt (200 mm 2 /s). This ensures that the mixing of the reclaimed asphalt aggregates and the fresh bitumen can be conducted smoothly, and that a homogeneous mixture is obtained.
  • Such a smooth mixing may be obtained by heating the fresh bitumen to 130 °C, preferably to a temperature of at least 150°C.
  • the maximum temperature of the fresh bitumen is generally 250°C, preferably 200°C.
  • a rejuvenating agent may be added to the mixing step d).
  • a rejuvenating agent is a shale oil modifier.
  • crude oil fractions preferably having a viscosity of at least 200 cSt at 60 °C, animal oils, vegetable oils and mixtures thereof.
  • the use of relatively light crude oil fractions has an environmental drawback in that it evaporates and thus produces hydrocarbonaceous vapours that are undesirable from an environmental point of view.
  • the rejuvenating agent is preferably a vegetable oil, more preferably selected from soybean oil, sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, peanut oil, olive oil, coconut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil and mixtures thereof, more preferably palm oil or palm kernel oil.
  • a vegetable oil more preferably selected from soybean oil, sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, peanut oil, olive oil, coconut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil and mixtures thereof, more preferably palm oil or palm kernel oil.
  • the amount of rejuvenating agent in the asphalt composition to be prepared may vary within wide ranges. The most suitable amounts can be selected by the skilled person dependent on the hardness of the recycle bitumen in the reclaimed asphalt lumps and on the intended use of the asphalt composition. Typically the amount of rejuvenating agent may be in the range of 0.5 to 5.0 %wt based on the weight of the bitumen and the reclaimed asphalt aggregates.
  • additives may be added to the asphalt composition.
  • virgin mineral aggregates may be added to the hot fresh bitumen.
  • virgin aggregates are added, they have suitably been heated before being added to the fresh bitumen.
  • the temperature of the heated virgin aggregates is usually in the range of 120 to 200°C.
  • the asphalt composition that is being produced with the process of the present invention may be used for a variety of applications. Even if it is being used for road pavement, the composition of any asphalt may be varied dependent on the requirements and wishes of the situation. Typically, the asphalt composition will be selected such that the weight ratio of bitumen, that includes fresh bitumen and recycle bitumen, to aggregates, that include the reclaimed asphalt aggregates and virgin aggregates, is in the range of 3: 100 to 12: 100. In general the amount of bitumen in the asphalt composition produced according to the invention will not significantly differ from conventional fresh asphalt.
  • the asphalt composition that is being produced in the process according to the present invention contains a major amount of reclaimed asphalt components. Not only the coarse and fine aggregates consist for a major part of the reclaimed asphalt aggregates, but also the recycle bitumen forms part of the recycled components. Hence, in this way the proportion of reclaimed asphalt in the asphalt composition may be significant.
  • the proportion of such reclaimed asphalt that is being added to the asphalt composition obtained in the process according to the invention may be as much as 50%wt, based on the combination of reclaimed asphalt and the asphalt composition produced in accordance with the present invention.
  • This additional part of reclaimed asphalt may be added in a conventional way. This would mean that in addition the reclaimed asphalt is suitably mixed in step d) of the process. Since the proportion of reclaimed asphalt is significant a considerable amount of energy is required to bring this reclaimed asphalt into a state wherein it is smoothly stirrable to make a homogeneous asphalt composition with the other components in step d). Therefore, the reclaimed asphalt is advantageously heated before being added to the hot fresh bitumen in step d). The reclaimed asphalt contains bitumen. Therefore, the heating of the reclaimed asphalt should be such that the bitumen does not get sticky. Thus, the reclaimed asphalt will preferably be heated to a temperature that does not exceed 130°C, and is preferably lower, e.g.
  • step d) from 90 to 130 °C.
  • the reclaimed asphalt aggregates in the coarse fraction or fractions that have been subjected to impact treatment and separation, and the fresh bitumen may be heated to a sufficiently high temperature to compensate for the low temperature of the reclaimed asphalt and the low temperature of the reclaimed asphalt aggregates in the fine fraction or fractions.
  • the present invention not only enables that the proportion of recycle asphalt in conventional mixtures, which is maximized to 50%wt, can be increased by the use of additional reclaimed coarse and optionally reclaimed fine aggregates,
  • the present invention also allows for reclaimed coarse aggregates, and optionally also reclaimed fine aggregates to be added to asphalt compositions that normally would not contain any reclaimed aggregates at all. This can now be done without any loss of quality of the resulting asphalt compositions.
  • asphalt compositions may comprise various additives.
  • additives include adhesion promoters, such as amine compounds, lime and calcium hydroxide, anti-drainage additives, such as cellulose, glass fibres and rock wool, and dyes, such as iron oxide.
  • adhesion promoters such as amine compounds, lime and calcium hydroxide
  • anti-drainage additives such as cellulose, glass fibres and rock wool
  • dyes such as iron oxide.
  • additives may also be used in the asphalt compositions prepared according to the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des agrégats d'asphalte de récupération qui sont produits dans un procédé qui comprend les étapes suivantes: a) la fourniture de morceaux d'asphalte de récupération et le traitement des morceaux d'asphalte de récupération par impact pour obtenir des agrégats d'asphalte de récupération qui comprennent du bitume de recyclage; et b) la séparation des agrégats d'asphalte de récupération en au moins une fraction grossière qui possède des particules granulaires avec un diamètre non supérieur à 2 mm et en au moins une fraction fine qui possède des particules granulaires avec un diamètre maximum de 2 mm. Les agrégats d'asphalt de récupération peuvent être utilisés séparément dans un procédé pour la préparation d'une composition d'asphalte.
PCT/NL2014/050226 2013-04-08 2014-04-08 Procédé pour la production d'agrégats d'asphalte de récupération WO2014168479A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2010588A NL2010588C2 (en) 2013-04-08 2013-04-08 Process for the production of reclaimed asphalt aggregates and use thereof in the production of an asphalt composition.
NL2010588 2013-04-08

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WO2014168479A1 true WO2014168479A1 (fr) 2014-10-16

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018135941A1 (fr) 2017-01-17 2018-07-26 Avantium Knowledge Centre B.V. Composition d'asphalte comprenant des humines obtenues à partir de la déshydratation d'hydrates de carbone
CN108411738A (zh) * 2018-05-23 2018-08-17 福建铁拓机械有限公司 一种可实现rap全再生的厂拌热再生方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3999743A (en) 1975-08-11 1976-12-28 Mendenhall Robert Lamar Asphalt-aggregate recycle process and apparatus
US4142803A (en) 1976-10-05 1979-03-06 Mendenhall Robert Lamar Recycled asphalt-aggregate process and apparatus
JP2002079136A (ja) * 2000-07-06 2002-03-19 Fukui Keisuke 循環型アスファルト合材製造法
EP1335794A2 (fr) 2000-11-20 2003-08-20 BHS-Sonthofen Maschinen- und Anlagenbau GmbH Broyeur centrifuge a deux chambres
EP1469038A1 (fr) * 2003-04-18 2004-10-20 Htp Est Procédé de fabrication d'un enrobé bitumineux
JP2008208606A (ja) 2007-02-26 2008-09-11 Nippo Corporation:Kk 再生骨材製造方法および再生ポーラスアスファルト混合物製造方法
WO2012131998A1 (fr) * 2011-03-31 2012-10-04 有限会社大東土木 Broyeur

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3999743A (en) 1975-08-11 1976-12-28 Mendenhall Robert Lamar Asphalt-aggregate recycle process and apparatus
US4142803A (en) 1976-10-05 1979-03-06 Mendenhall Robert Lamar Recycled asphalt-aggregate process and apparatus
JP2002079136A (ja) * 2000-07-06 2002-03-19 Fukui Keisuke 循環型アスファルト合材製造法
EP1335794A2 (fr) 2000-11-20 2003-08-20 BHS-Sonthofen Maschinen- und Anlagenbau GmbH Broyeur centrifuge a deux chambres
EP1469038A1 (fr) * 2003-04-18 2004-10-20 Htp Est Procédé de fabrication d'un enrobé bitumineux
JP2008208606A (ja) 2007-02-26 2008-09-11 Nippo Corporation:Kk 再生骨材製造方法および再生ポーラスアスファルト混合物製造方法
WO2012131998A1 (fr) * 2011-03-31 2012-10-04 有限会社大東土木 Broyeur

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018135941A1 (fr) 2017-01-17 2018-07-26 Avantium Knowledge Centre B.V. Composition d'asphalte comprenant des humines obtenues à partir de la déshydratation d'hydrates de carbone
CN108411738A (zh) * 2018-05-23 2018-08-17 福建铁拓机械有限公司 一种可实现rap全再生的厂拌热再生方法

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