WO2014166745A1 - Vehicle drive - Google Patents

Vehicle drive Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014166745A1
WO2014166745A1 PCT/EP2014/056115 EP2014056115W WO2014166745A1 WO 2014166745 A1 WO2014166745 A1 WO 2014166745A1 EP 2014056115 W EP2014056115 W EP 2014056115W WO 2014166745 A1 WO2014166745 A1 WO 2014166745A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shaft
transmission
vehicle drive
electric machine
internal combustion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/056115
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Markus Bichler
Konrad Gagla
Matthias Kohlhauser
Christian LANGSENLEHNER
Christian Milwisch
Dominik SCHOBER
Original Assignee
Magna Powertrain Ag & Co Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Magna Powertrain Ag & Co Kg filed Critical Magna Powertrain Ag & Co Kg
Publication of WO2014166745A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014166745A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/006—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion power being selectively transmitted by either one of the parallel flow paths
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4825—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4833—Step up or reduction gearing driving generator, e.g. to operate generator in most efficient speed range
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/42—Clutches or brakes
    • B60Y2400/428—Double clutch arrangements; Dual clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
    • F16H2200/0039—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising three forward speeds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/724—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines
    • F16H3/725—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines with means to change ratio in the mechanical gearing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vehicle drive having at least an internal combustion engine, an electric machine and a transmission unit.
  • hybrid vehicles Vehicles that can be driven both by an electric motor and by an internal combustion engine are called hybrid vehicles. Such vehicles require special drive trains. Depending on the design, in addition to a pure electric drive of the vehicle, they also permit an electric drive assisted by the internal combustion engine or, depending on the design, a purely internal combustion engine operation. That is, a drive torque of the electric machine is increased as needed by a drive torque of the internal combustion engine.
  • Hybrid drive concepts can - with efficient construction - lead to a considerable fuel saving, which can be a buying argument in times of rising fuel prices and stricter emission standards.
  • the integration of an electric machine in a drive train of a hybrid vehicle is conventionally carried out by transmission with a plurality of spur gears.
  • WO 2012/087700 A1 discloses a module with an electric motor for driving an axle of a vehicle. A combination of the drive torques of an internal combustion engine of the vehicle and the electric motor for the common drive of a common output shaft is not provided.
  • the solution of the above object is achieved by a drive train having the features of claim 1.
  • the vehicle drive according to the invention has an internal combustion engine and an electric machine, wherein these two drives feed on an input shaft of a transmission, wherein switching means are provided, through which the drive torque of the internal combustion engine and the electric machine can be fed.
  • the solution according to the invention makes it possible to combine differently realized modes of operation of a hybrid drive.
  • An electric, internal combustion engine or combined driving with several discrete gears is possible.
  • the individual transmission ranges to be provided for the electric, internal combustion engine or combined driving can be individually selected and configured. It is also possible to realize a predominantly electrical driving style and to operate the internal combustion engine predominantly or preferably as a range extender.
  • Stop / start recuperation, electric driving, boost, VKM load boost, sailing;
  • the switching means according to the invention makes it possible, depending on the selected embodiment, to realize purely electric driving in discrete gear steps.
  • a combined operation of the vehicle by means of electrical and powered by the internal combustion engine drive is given. This can be done in shift stages, analogous to a manual transmission but also in variable gear stages or translation ranges.
  • recuperation is possible, i. the return of drive energy into electrical energy via the electric machine.
  • FIG. 1 shows a vehicle drive with an internal combustion engine ICE and an electric machine EM, which act on a drive axle of the motor vehicle via a common transmission.
  • the exemplary embodiments shown here are without limitation the steered vehicle front axle.
  • the described drive architectures can also be installed with an unguided rear axle.
  • the internal combustion engine acts on an input shaft via a torsional vibration damper TVD and a disconnect clutch C3 a transmission with the switching stages 1 and 3 .
  • This input shaft opens into a first clutch C1 of a double clutch.
  • the second clutch C2 of this dual clutch is connected to a switching stage 2nd
  • the clutches C1, C2 are connected to the rotor of an electric machine EM.
  • the gear stages 1. and 3. Act via a switching device B-A on a common shaft, the countershaft. This common shaft is connected via a transfer case, usually designed as a Stirmradlane, with the drive shaft in conjunction. About this drive shaft, the vehicle is driven. By the switching device B-A, the driving torque of the input shaft via the gear stage. 1 or 3. the drive shaft are supplied.
  • the gear stages 1. and 3. and thus the correspondingly assigned gear ratios can also be enabled via the switching device B-A, i. There is no coupling via these stages. In this case, the torque flow takes place from the input shaft via the clutch C2 and the gear stage 2nd to the drive shaft.
  • the drive of the vehicle via the internal combustion engine ICE or the electric machine EM done.
  • Driving with gear 2 in mode E_2 allows gear 1 or 3 to be advanced.
  • the interruption of traction during the shift from ICE_1 to ICE_3 can be reduced by means of a motorized operation of the electric machine EM via C2 and gear 2.
  • the electric machine EM acts via a planetary gear on the common side of the dual clutch C1, C2.
  • the planetary reducer allows high-revving EM to be used by lowering the high speed of the EM to the RPM level of the VKM.
  • the transmission corresponds to the version of Figure 1.
  • Driving with gear 2 in mode E_2 allows you to pre-set gear 1 or 3.
  • the power interruption while switching from ICE_1 to ICE_3 can be reduced by means of EM via C2 and gear 2.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 3 provides an input shaft which is directly coupled to the primary side of the double clutch C1, C2.
  • the electric machine acts via an epicyclic gearbox on the primary side of the double clutch C1, C2.
  • the dual clutch C1, C2 can be done via the electric machine EM or the internal combustion engine ICE - the latter is connected via the clutch C3.
  • the switching stages 1. and 3. are via the clutch C2, the switching stage 2. is coupled via the clutch C1.
  • the gear stages 1 and 3 act on the drive shaft, the shift stage 2, via a switching device B-A, and the corresponding wheel is connected directly to this shaft.
  • the dual clutch C1, C2 and the clutch C3 compactly merge with the torsional vibration damper TVD of the internal combustion engine ICE.
  • Both the internal combustion engine ICE and the electric machine EM act directly on the primary side of the dual clutch C1, C2.
  • the use of an electric machine with the same speed level as the VKM is common.
  • the combination of the electric machine EM (drive electric machine) and the internal combustion engines ICE (VKM) via the transmission allows the operation of the vehicle as a parallel hybrid (direct drive of the VKM) and a purely electrical operation - each in several gear stages.
  • the electric machine EM has a rotor wave parallel to the input shaft and the drive shaft.
  • the rotor shaft of the electric machine acts on the primary side of the dual clutch C1, C2 via a reducing gear stage. In this arrangement, a high-revving EM can be used.
  • the concept shown represents an axle drive system for an electrically dominant vehicle drive with additional connection of a downsizing internal combustion engine for range extension. It is a
  • the dual clutch C1 / C2 is for example actuated electro-hydraulically (preferably an electromechanical actuation is possible).
  • the electric machine is arranged axially parallel to the central axis of the transmission.
  • the connection of the electric machine EM to the transmission (housing double clutch) via a spur gear - preferably a sprocket drive or belt drive can be provided.
  • the design is realized as a two-shaft transmission with coaxial arrangement of two gear input shafts gear 1 & 3 and gear 2.
  • Automated switching element AB for choice 1. or 3rd gear via synchronization or claw switching.
  • the axle differential is executed in particular including parking brake.
  • the version according to FIG. 6 provides for a combination of the dual clutch C1, C2 and the clutch C3 of the internal combustion engine ICE together with the torsional vibration damper TVD.
  • the rotor shaft of the electric machine EM runs coaxially with the input shaft and drives the primary side of the dual clutch C1, C2 via a reducing planetary gearbox.
  • the gear stages 1, 2, 3 are fed via the double clutch C1, C2.
  • the internal combustion engine ICE acts on a first shaft via a clutch C3 in addition to torsional vibration damper TVD.
  • the first shaft is formed as a planet carrier of the planetary gear and connected to the clutch C3 and a brake B1.
  • the planet carrier is able to be stopped so that the electric machine EM then acts on the drive shaft via the dual clutch C1, C2 and the gear stages 1, 2.
  • the common primary side of the dual clutch C1, C2 is designed as a ring gear, which is driven by the planet of the planet carrier.
  • the internal combustion engine ICE drives the first shaft, the shaft of the planet carrier via the clutch C3 and the brake B1 open, and the dual clutch C1, C2 via the ring gear.
  • the embodiment of Figure 8 provides as a drive before a set around a fixed sun gear rotating planet gears.
  • the carrier of these planet gears carries in each case a further set of planetary gears, wherein one set of these wheels of the electric machine EM, the other set planetary gears of the internal combustion engine ICE is assigned.
  • the planet gears described act in each case with a sun gear, which is coupled to the electric machine EM or the internal combustion engine.
  • the planetary gears described in each case a ring gear is assigned, in which these rotate.
  • the ring gears can be released via switching devices A-B or C-D (neutral position),
  • the drive according to the embodiment Figure 9 provides an electric machine EM, which is arranged parallel to the input shaft of the transmission and feeds via a reduction stage in the transmission.
  • the internal combustion engine ICE feeds into the gearbox via the clutch C3 and the torsion damper TVD.
  • the transmission input side is provided with a rotating converter UW as a power-branching element to which a ring gear with a brake B1 is assigned on the outside.
  • the electric machine EM feeds centrally on this converter.
  • the converter acts via a switching device BA on two wheels connected to the drive shaft, via which - depending on the selected, shifted ratio - then the drive torque is forwarded to the wheels.
  • FIG. 10 provides an internal combustion engine ICE which feeds via a torsion damper TVD and a clutch C3 into a circulating converter UW as a power-splitting element.
  • the rotating transducer UW has two coaxial output shafts, with the electric machine EM driving directly onto one of the output shafts.
  • the two output shafts act via a respective switching device B-A and D-C to a total of four translations 1., 2nd eCVT 1., EVCT 2nd and on the respective selected gear ratio via a countershaft and an axle differential to the drive wheels of the vehicle.
  • two continuously variable transmission ranges eCVT 1. eVCT 2. are switchable.
  • FIG. 1 A variant of this is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the one output shaft of the circulating transducer UW as a power-splitting element acts on the drive shaft via a switching device BA.
  • the second shaft is coupled to the electric machine EM and fed centrally - via the sun gear - the converter.
  • the drive torque of this transmission part to the drive shaft is transferable.
  • FIG. 12 shows a variant in which the electric machine EM and the internal combustion engine ICE feed on the input shaft from both sides. Via two switching devices BA and DC, the drive torque can be transmitted to the drive shaft of the drive wheels in a total of four gear ratios.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle drive having an internal combustion engine and an electrical machine, wherein said two drives (EM, ICE) feed on a shaft of a transmission, wherein there are shifting means (B-A) via which the drive torque between a first shaft of the transmission and an additional shaft of the transmission, coupled to the vehicle drive, can be transferred at various ratios and a torque transfer from the internal combustion engine (ICE) to the electrical machine (EM) and from the internal combustion engine (ICE) and/or the electrical machine (EM) to the shaft coupled to the vehicle drive, and the reverse, is possible.

Description

Fahrzeugantrieb  vehicle drive
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Fahrzeugantrieb, der zumindest einen Verbrennungsmotor, eine Elektromaschine und eine Getriebeeinheit aufweist. The present invention relates to a vehicle drive having at least an internal combustion engine, an electric machine and a transmission unit.
Fahrzeuge, die sowohl elektromotorisch als auch durch einen Verbrennungsmotor angetrieben werden können, bezeichnet man als Hybridfahrzeuge. Derartige Fahrzeuge benötigen spezielle Antriebsstränge. Je nach Bauart ermöglichen sie neben einem reinen elektrischen Antrieb des Fahrzeugs auch einen durch den Verbrennungsmotor unterstützten elektrischen Antrieb oder auch je nach Ausführung einen rein verbrennungsmotorischen betrieb. D.h. ein Antriebsdrehmoment der Elektromaschine wird bedarfsgerecht durch ein Antriebsdrehmoment des Verbrennungsmotors verstärkt. Hybride Antriebskonzepte können - bei effizienter Bauweise - zu einer erheblichen Kraftstoffeinsparung führen, was in Zeiten steigender Kraftstoffpreise und strenger werdender Abgasnormen ein nicht zu unterschätzendes Kaufargument sein kann. Die Einbindung einer Elektromaschine in einen Antriebsstrang eines Hybridfahrzeugs erfolgt herkömmlicherweise durch Getriebe mit einer Vielzahl von Stirnradstufen. Entsprechende Konzepte sind beispielsweise in den Druckschriften DE 199 60 621 B4, DE 10 2010 063 092 A1 , DE 10 201 1 077 594 A1 , DE 10201 1 002 472 A1 und DE 10 2012 103 367 A1 beschrieben. Die bekannten Konzepte sind vergleichsweise aufwändig und umfassen eine Vielzahl von Bauteilen, was sich negativ auf die Effizienz des Antriebstrangs und/oder auf dessen Herstellungskosten auswirkt. Außerdem benötigen sie vergleichsweise viel Bauraum. Die WO 2012/087700 A1 offenbart ein Modul mit einem Elektromotor zum Antrieb einer Achse eines Fahrzeugs. Eine Zusammenführung der Antriebsdrehmomente eines Verbrennungsmotors des Fahrzeugs und des Elektromotors zum gemeinsamen Antrieb einer gemeinsamen Ausgangswelle ist jedoch nicht vorgesehen. Vehicles that can be driven both by an electric motor and by an internal combustion engine are called hybrid vehicles. Such vehicles require special drive trains. Depending on the design, in addition to a pure electric drive of the vehicle, they also permit an electric drive assisted by the internal combustion engine or, depending on the design, a purely internal combustion engine operation. That is, a drive torque of the electric machine is increased as needed by a drive torque of the internal combustion engine. Hybrid drive concepts can - with efficient construction - lead to a considerable fuel saving, which can be a buying argument in times of rising fuel prices and stricter emission standards. The integration of an electric machine in a drive train of a hybrid vehicle is conventionally carried out by transmission with a plurality of spur gears. Corresponding concepts are described, for example, in the publications DE 199 60 621 B4, DE 10 2010 063 092 A1, DE 10 201 1077 594 A1, DE 10201 1 002 472 A1 and DE 10 2012 103 367 A1. The known concepts are relatively complex and comprise a plurality of components, which has a negative effect on the efficiency of the drive train and / or on its manufacturing costs. In addition, they require a comparatively large amount of space. WO 2012/087700 A1 discloses a module with an electric motor for driving an axle of a vehicle. A combination of the drive torques of an internal combustion engine of the vehicle and the electric motor for the common drive of a common output shaft is not provided.
Es ist eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Fahrzeugantrieb zu schaffen, der eine effiziente Zusammenführung der Antriebsdrehmomente eines Verbrennungsmotors und einer Elektromaschine eines Hybridfahrzeugs ermöglicht. Die Lösung der vorstehend genannten Aufgabe erfolgt durch einen Antriebsstrang mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 . It is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle drive which enables efficient convergence of drive torques of an internal combustion engine and an electric machine of a hybrid vehicle. The solution of the above object is achieved by a drive train having the features of claim 1.
Der erfindungsgemäße Fahrzeugantrieb weist eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine und eine elektrische Maschine auf, wobei diese beiden Antriebe auf eine Ein- gangswelle eines Getriebes einspeisen, wobei Schaltmittel vorgesehen sind, durch welche das Antriebsmoment der Verbrennungskraftmaschine sowie der elektrischen Maschine zuführbar ist. The vehicle drive according to the invention has an internal combustion engine and an electric machine, wherein these two drives feed on an input shaft of a transmission, wherein switching means are provided, through which the drive torque of the internal combustion engine and the electric machine can be fed.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung ermöglicht die Kombination unterschiedlich reali- sierter Betriebsweisen eines Hybridantriebes. Ein elektrisch, verbrennungsmotorisch bzw. kombiniertes Fahren mit mehreren diskreten Gangstufen ist möglich. Die einzelnen für das elektrische, das verbrennungsmotorische bzw. kombinierte Fahren vorzusehenden Übersetzungsbereiche sind individuell wähl- und gestaltbar. Es ist ebenfalls möglich, eine überwiegende elektrische Fahrweise zu realisie- ren und die Verbrennungskraftmaschine überwiegend bzw. bevorzugt als Range Extender zu betreiben. The solution according to the invention makes it possible to combine differently realized modes of operation of a hybrid drive. An electric, internal combustion engine or combined driving with several discrete gears is possible. The individual transmission ranges to be provided for the electric, internal combustion engine or combined driving can be individually selected and configured. It is also possible to realize a predominantly electrical driving style and to operate the internal combustion engine predominantly or preferably as a range extender.
Weiterhin lassen sich folgende Eigenschaften in unterschiedlicher Ausprägung realisieren: Stop/Start, Rekuperation, Elektrisches Fahren, Boost, Lastpunktanhebung der VKM, Segeln; Furthermore, the following properties can be realized in different forms: Stop / start, recuperation, electric driving, boost, VKM load boost, sailing;
Verbesserter Komfort durch Zugkraftunterbrechungsfreies Schalten;  Improved comfort through traction interruption-free shifting;
Hoher Wirkungsgrad durch diskrete Gangstufen mit entsprechender Spreizung (Anfahrzugkraft und hohe Endgeschwindigkeit); High degree of efficiency due to discrete gear steps with corresponding spread (starting tractive force and high final speed);
Reichweitenverlängerung durch rein verbrennungsmotorischen, mehrgängigen Fahrantrieb.  Range extension by purely internal combustion engine, multi-speed traction drive.
Durch die erfindungsgemäßen Schaltmittel lässt sich je nach gewählter Ausfüh- rung ein rein elektrischer Fahrbetrieb in diskreten Gangstufen realisieren. Auch ein kombinierter Betrieb des Fahrzeugs mittels elektrischem und durch die Verbrennungskraftmaschine gespeistem Antrieb ist gegeben. Dies kann in Schaltstufen, analog wie bei einem Schaltgetriebe aber auch in variablen Getriebestufen oder auch Übersetzungsbereichen erfolgen. Weiterhin ist es möglich, den Verbren- nungsmotor zum Laden der Batterien über die elektrische Maschine (Generatorbetrieb) zu betreiben. Letztlich ist auch Rekuperation möglich, d.h. die Rückführung von Antriebsenergie in elektrische Energie über die elektrische Maschine. The switching means according to the invention makes it possible, depending on the selected embodiment, to realize purely electric driving in discrete gear steps. A combined operation of the vehicle by means of electrical and powered by the internal combustion engine drive is given. This can be done in shift stages, analogous to a manual transmission but also in variable gear stages or translation ranges. Furthermore, it is possible to operate the internal combustion engine for charging the batteries via the electric machine (generator operation). Finally, recuperation is possible, i. the return of drive energy into electrical energy via the electric machine.
Nachfolgend wird die vorliegende Erfindung rein beispielhaft anhand vorteilhafter Ausführungsformen unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Figuren erläutert. Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained purely by way of example with reference to advantageous embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures.
Figur 1 zeigt einen Fahrzeugantrieb mit einem Verbrennungsmotor ICE und einer elektrischen Maschine EM, welche über ein gemeinsames Getriebe auf eine Antriebsachse des Kraftfahrzeuges wirken. Bei den hier gezeigten Ausführungsbei- spielen handelt es sich ohne Beschränkung um die gelenkte Fahrzeugvorderachse. Die beschriebenen Antriebsarchitekturen können aber auch mit einer ungelenkten Hinterachse verbaut werden. FIG. 1 shows a vehicle drive with an internal combustion engine ICE and an electric machine EM, which act on a drive axle of the motor vehicle via a common transmission. The exemplary embodiments shown here are without limitation the steered vehicle front axle. The described drive architectures can also be installed with an unguided rear axle.
Der Verbrennungsmotor wirkt über einen Torsionsschwingungsdämpfer TVD und eine Disconnect-Kupplung bzw. eine Trennkupplung C3 auf eine Eingangswelle eines Getriebes mit den Schaltstufen 1. und 3.. Diese Eingangswelle mündet in einer ersten Kupplung C1 einer Doppelkupplung. Die zweite Kupplung C2 dieser Doppelkupplung ist mit einer Schaltstufe 2. verbunden. Die Kupplungen C1 , C2 sind mit dem Rotor einer elektrischen Maschine EM verbunden. The internal combustion engine acts on an input shaft via a torsional vibration damper TVD and a disconnect clutch C3 a transmission with the switching stages 1 and 3 .. This input shaft opens into a first clutch C1 of a double clutch. The second clutch C2 of this dual clutch is connected to a switching stage 2nd The clutches C1, C2 are connected to the rotor of an electric machine EM.
Die Getriebestufen 1 . und 3. wirken über eine Schaltvorrichtung B-A auf eine gemeinsame Welle, die Vorgelegewelle. Diese gemeinsame Welle steht über ein Verteilergetriebe, meist ausgeführt als Stirmradstufe, mit der Antriebsachse in Verbindung. Über diese Antriebswelle wird das Fahrzeug angetrieben. Durch die Schaltvorrichtung B-A kann das Triebmoment der Eingangswelle über die Getriebestufe 1 . oder 3. der Antriebswelle zugeführt werden. Die Getriebestufen 1 . und 3. und damit die entsprechend zugeordneten Getriebeübersetzungen können über die Schaltvorrichtung B-A auch freigeschaltet werden, d.h. über diese Stufen erfolgt keine Kopplung. In diesem Fall erfolgt der Momentenfluss von der Eingangs- welle über die Kupplung C2 und die Getriebestufe 2. auf die Antriebswelle. The gear stages 1. and 3. Act via a switching device B-A on a common shaft, the countershaft. This common shaft is connected via a transfer case, usually designed as a Stirmradstufe, with the drive shaft in conjunction. About this drive shaft, the vehicle is driven. By the switching device B-A, the driving torque of the input shaft via the gear stage. 1 or 3. the drive shaft are supplied. The gear stages 1. and 3. and thus the correspondingly assigned gear ratios can also be enabled via the switching device B-A, i. There is no coupling via these stages. In this case, the torque flow takes place from the input shaft via the clutch C2 and the gear stage 2nd to the drive shaft.
Wie dargestellt kann der Antrieb des Fahrzeuges über die Verbrennungskraftmaschine ICE oder die elektrische Maschine EM erfolgen. Insbesondere kann durch Abkuppeln der Verbrennungskraftmaschine ICE - durch Kupplung C3 - ein rein elektrischer Antrieb erfolgen. Fahren mit Gang 2 im Modus E_2 ermöglicht das Voreinlegen von Gang 1 oder 3. Die Zugkraftunterbrechung während dem Schalten von ICE_1 zu ICE_3 kann mittels motorischen Betrieb der elektrischen Maschine EM über C2 und Gang 2 reduziert werden. Bei der Ausführung nach Figur 2 wirkt die elektrische Maschine EM über ein Umlaufgetriebe auf die gemeinsame Seite der Doppelkupplung C1 , C2. . Durch das Planetenreduktionsgetriebe kann eine hochdrehende EM zum Einsatz kommen, indem die hohe Drehzahl der EM auf das Drehzahlniveau der VKM abgesenkt wird. Ansonsten entspricht das Getriebe dem der Version nach Figur 1 . Fahren mit Gang 2 im Modus E_2 ermöglicht das Voreinlegen von Gang 1 oder 3. Die Zugkraftunterbrechung während dem Schalten von ICE_1 zu ICE_3 kann mittels EM über C2 und Gang 2 reduziert werden. As shown, the drive of the vehicle via the internal combustion engine ICE or the electric machine EM done. In particular, can take place by uncoupling the internal combustion engine ICE - by clutch C3 - a purely electric drive. Driving with gear 2 in mode E_2 allows gear 1 or 3 to be advanced. The interruption of traction during the shift from ICE_1 to ICE_3 can be reduced by means of a motorized operation of the electric machine EM via C2 and gear 2. In the embodiment of Figure 2, the electric machine EM acts via a planetary gear on the common side of the dual clutch C1, C2. , The planetary reducer allows high-revving EM to be used by lowering the high speed of the EM to the RPM level of the VKM. Otherwise, the transmission corresponds to the version of Figure 1. Driving with gear 2 in mode E_2 allows you to pre-set gear 1 or 3. The power interruption while switching from ICE_1 to ICE_3 can be reduced by means of EM via C2 and gear 2.
Die Ausführung nach Figur 3 sieht eine Eingangswelle vor, die direkt mit der Primärseite der Doppelkupplung C1 , C2 gekoppelt ist. Die elektrische Maschine wirkt wie bei Figur 2 über ein Umlaufgetriebe auf die Primärseite der Doppelkupplung C1 , C2. Die Doppelkupplung C1 , C2 kann so über die elektrische Maschine EM oder die Verbrennungskraftmaschine ICE erfolgen - letztere wird über die Kupplung C3 zugeschaltet. The embodiment according to FIG. 3 provides an input shaft which is directly coupled to the primary side of the double clutch C1, C2. As in FIG. 2, the electric machine acts via an epicyclic gearbox on the primary side of the double clutch C1, C2. The dual clutch C1, C2 can be done via the electric machine EM or the internal combustion engine ICE - the latter is connected via the clutch C3.
Die Schaltstufen 1 . und 3. werden über die Kupplung C2, die Schaltstufe 2. wird über die Kupplung C1 gekoppelt. Wie zu Figur 1 beschrieben wirken die Getrie- bestufen 1. und 3. über eine Schaltvorrichtung B-A auf die Antriebswelle, die Schaltstufe 2., das entsprechende Rad ist direkt mit dieser Welle verbunden. The switching stages 1. and 3. are via the clutch C2, the switching stage 2. is coupled via the clutch C1. As described with reference to FIG. 1, the gear stages 1 and 3 act on the drive shaft, the shift stage 2, via a switching device B-A, and the corresponding wheel is connected directly to this shaft.
Bei der Ausführung nach Figur 4 ist vorgesehen, die Doppelkupplung C1 , C2 sowie die Kupplung C3 mit dem Torsionsschwingungsdämpfer TVD der Verbren- nungskraftmaschine ICE kompakt zusammenzuführen. Sowohl die Verbrennungskraftmaschine ICE als auch die elektrische Maschine EM wirken direkt auf die Primärseite der Doppelkupplung C1 , C2. Dabei ist der Einsatz einer elektrischen Maschine mit gleichem Drehzahlniveau wie die VKM üblich. Die Kombination der elektrischen Maschine EM (Antriebselektromaschine) und der Verbrennungskraftmaschinen ICE (VKM) über das Getriebe erlaubt den Betrieb des Fahrzeugs als Parallelhybrid (direkter Durchtrieb der VKM) sowie einen rein elektrischen Betrieb - jeweils in mehreren Gangstufen. Bei der Ausführung nach Figur 5 weist die elektrische Maschine EM eine Rotor- welle parallel zu der Eingangswelle und der Antriebswelle auf. Die Rotorwelle der elektrischen Maschine wirkt über eine untersetzende Getriebestufe auf die Primärseite der Doppelkupplung C1 , C2. In dieser Anordnung kann eine hochdrehende EM zum Einsatz kommen. In the embodiment of Figure 4 is provided, the dual clutch C1, C2 and the clutch C3 compactly merge with the torsional vibration damper TVD of the internal combustion engine ICE. Both the internal combustion engine ICE and the electric machine EM act directly on the primary side of the dual clutch C1, C2. Here, the use of an electric machine with the same speed level as the VKM is common. The combination of the electric machine EM (drive electric machine) and the internal combustion engines ICE (VKM) via the transmission allows the operation of the vehicle as a parallel hybrid (direct drive of the VKM) and a purely electrical operation - each in several gear stages. In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, the electric machine EM has a rotor wave parallel to the input shaft and the drive shaft. The rotor shaft of the electric machine acts on the primary side of the dual clutch C1, C2 via a reducing gear stage. In this arrangement, a high-revving EM can be used.
Das gezeigte Konzept stellt ein Achsantriebssystem für einen elektrisch dominanten Fahrzeugantrieb mit zusätzlicher Anbindung einer Downsizing- Verbrennungskraftmaschine zur Reichweitenverlängerung dar. Es ist eine The concept shown represents an axle drive system for an electrically dominant vehicle drive with additional connection of a downsizing internal combustion engine for range extension. It is a
Mehrgängigkeit sowohl für den elektrischen, den verbrennungsmotorischen als auch den kombinierten Fahrzeugantrieb gegeben. Die Grundfunktionalitäten wie Stop/Start, elektrisches, verbrennungsmotorisches, kombiniertes Fahren, Last- punktanhebung, Boost, Rekuperation, Laden, Segeln sind gegeben. Multi-course given for both the electric, the internal combustion engine and the combined vehicle drive. The basic functions such as stop / start, electric, internal combustion engine, combined driving, load point boost, boost, recuperation, loading, sailing are given.
Die Doppelkupplung C1/C2 ist beispielsweise elektrohydraulisch betätigt (bevorzugt ist eine elektromechanische Aktuierung möglich). Die elektrische Maschine ist achsparallel zur Getriebezentralachse angeordnet. Die Anbindung der elektrische Maschine EM an das Getriebe (Gehäuse Doppelkupplung) erfolgt über eine Stirnradstufe - bevorzugt kann auch ein Zahnkettentrieb oder Riementrieb vorgesehen sein. The dual clutch C1 / C2 is for example actuated electro-hydraulically (preferably an electromechanical actuation is possible). The electric machine is arranged axially parallel to the central axis of the transmission. The connection of the electric machine EM to the transmission (housing double clutch) via a spur gear - preferably a sprocket drive or belt drive can be provided.
Die Ausführung ist als Zweiwellengetriebe mit koaxialer Anordnung von zwei Getriebeeingangswellen Gang 1 & 3 sowie Gang 2 realisiert. Automatisiertes Schaltelement A-B für Wahl 1 . oder 3. Gang via Synchronisierung oder Klauenschaltung. Das Achsdifferential ist insbesondere inkl. Parksperre ausgeführt. Die Version nach Figur 6 sieht eine Kombination der Doppelkupplung C1 , C2 sowie der Kupplung C3 der Verbrennungskraftmaschine ICE nebst Torsions- schwingungsdämpfer TVD vor. Die Rotorwelle der elektrischen Maschine EM verläuft koaxial zu der Eingangswelle und treibt über ein untersetzendes Umlaufgetriebe die Primärseite der Doppelkupplung C1 , C2. Die Getriebestufen 1 ., 2., 3. werden über die Doppelkupplung C1 , C2 gespeißt. Bei der Version nach Figur 7 wirkt die Verbrennungskraftmaschine ICE über eine Kupplung C3 nebst Torsionsschwingungsdämpfer TVD auf eine erste Welle. Auf diese erste Welle treibt auch der Rotor der koaxial dazu angeordneten elektri- sehen Maschine EM untersetzend über ein Umlaufgetriebe. Die erste Welle ist als Planetenträger des Umlaufgetriebes ausgebildet und mit der Kupplung C3 sowie einer Bremse B1 verbunden. Insbesondere ist der Planetenträger so stillsetzbar, so dass dann die elektrische Maschine EM über die Doppelkupplung C1 , C2 und die Getriebestufen 1 ., 2. auf die Antriebswelle wirkt. Die gemeinsame Primärseite der Doppelkupplung C1 , C2 ist als Hohlrad ausgeführt, welche durch die Planeten des Planetenträgers getrieben wird. The design is realized as a two-shaft transmission with coaxial arrangement of two gear input shafts gear 1 & 3 and gear 2. Automated switching element AB for choice 1. or 3rd gear via synchronization or claw switching. The axle differential is executed in particular including parking brake. The version according to FIG. 6 provides for a combination of the dual clutch C1, C2 and the clutch C3 of the internal combustion engine ICE together with the torsional vibration damper TVD. The rotor shaft of the electric machine EM runs coaxially with the input shaft and drives the primary side of the dual clutch C1, C2 via a reducing planetary gearbox. The gear stages 1, 2, 3 are fed via the double clutch C1, C2. In the version according to FIG. 7, the internal combustion engine ICE acts on a first shaft via a clutch C3 in addition to torsional vibration damper TVD. On this first wave and the rotor of the coaxially arranged electrical see machine EM drove reluctant on a planetary gear. The first shaft is formed as a planet carrier of the planetary gear and connected to the clutch C3 and a brake B1. In particular, the planet carrier is able to be stopped so that the electric machine EM then acts on the drive shaft via the dual clutch C1, C2 and the gear stages 1, 2. The common primary side of the dual clutch C1, C2 is designed as a ring gear, which is driven by the planet of the planet carrier.
Alternativ treibt die Verbrennungskraftmaschine ICE über die Kupplung C3 und geöffneter Bremse B1 die erste Welle, die Welle des Planetenträgers und über das Hohlrad die Doppelkupplung C1 , C2. Alternatively, the internal combustion engine ICE drives the first shaft, the shaft of the planet carrier via the clutch C3 and the brake B1 open, and the dual clutch C1, C2 via the ring gear.
Die Ausführung nach Figur 8 sieht als Antrieb einen Satz um ein festes Sonnenrad umlaufender Planetenräder vor. Der Träger dieser Planetenräder trägt jeweils einen weiteren Satz Planetenräder, wobei ein Satz dieser Räder der elektrischen Maschine EM, der weitere Satz Planetenräder der Verbrennungskraftmaschine ICE zugeordnet ist. Die beschriebenen Planetenräder wirken dazu jeweils mit einem Sonnenrad zusammen, welches mit der elektrischen Maschine EM bzw. der Verbrennungskraftmaschine gekoppelt ist. Den beschriebenen Planetenrädern ist jeweils ein Hohlrad zugeordnet, in welchen diese umlaufen. Die Hohlräder sind über Schaltvorrichtungen A-B bzw. C-D freischaltbar (Neutralstellung), The embodiment of Figure 8 provides as a drive before a set around a fixed sun gear rotating planet gears. The carrier of these planet gears carries in each case a further set of planetary gears, wherein one set of these wheels of the electric machine EM, the other set planetary gears of the internal combustion engine ICE is assigned. The planet gears described act in each case with a sun gear, which is coupled to the electric machine EM or the internal combustion engine. The planetary gears described in each case a ring gear is assigned, in which these rotate. The ring gears can be released via switching devices A-B or C-D (neutral position),
gehäusefest fixierbar oder mit dem eingangs beschriebenen Planetenträger koppelbar. Entsprechend ist so der Momentenfluss und die Einspeisung von Seiten der elektrischen Maschine EM und/oder der Verbrennungskraftmaschine her zu steuern. Der Antrieb nach der Ausführung Figur 9 sieht eine elektrische Maschine EM vor, welche parallel zu Eingangswelle des Getriebes angeordnet ist und die über eine Untersetzungsstufe in das Getriebe einspeist. Die Verbrennungskraftmaschine ICE speist über die Kupplung C3 sowie den Torsionsdämpfer TVD in das Getrie- be. Die Getriebeeingangsseite ist mit einem umlaufenden Wandler UW als leis- tungsverzweigendes Element versehen, dem außenseitig ein Hohlrad mit einer Bremse B1 zugeordnet ist. Die elektrische Maschine EM speist mittig auf diesen Wandler. Abtriebseitig wirkt der Wandler über eine Schaltvorrichtung B-A auf zwei mit der Antriebswelle verbundene Räder, über welche - je nach gewählter, ge- schalteter Übersetzung - dann das Antriebsmoment an die Räder weitergeleitet wird. fixed to the housing or can be coupled to the planet carrier described above. Accordingly, the torque flow and the feed from the sides of the electric machine EM and / or the internal combustion engine are to be controlled. The drive according to the embodiment Figure 9 provides an electric machine EM, which is arranged parallel to the input shaft of the transmission and feeds via a reduction stage in the transmission. The internal combustion engine ICE feeds into the gearbox via the clutch C3 and the torsion damper TVD. The transmission input side is provided with a rotating converter UW as a power-branching element to which a ring gear with a brake B1 is assigned on the outside. The electric machine EM feeds centrally on this converter. On the output side, the converter acts via a switching device BA on two wheels connected to the drive shaft, via which - depending on the selected, shifted ratio - then the drive torque is forwarded to the wheels.
Die Variante der Figur 10 sieht eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine ICE vor, die über einen Torsionsdämpfer TVD und eine Kupplung C3 in einen umlaufenden Wandler UW als leistungsverzweigendes Element speist. Der umlaufende Wandler UW weist zwei koaxiale Ausgangswellen auf, wobei die elektrische Maschine EM direkt auf eine der Ausgangswellen eintreibt. Die beiden Ausgangswellen wirken über je eine Schaltvorrichtung B-A sowie D-C auf insgesamt vier Übersetzungen 1 ., 2. eCVT 1 ., eVCT 2. und über die jeweils gewählte Übersetzung über eine Vorgelegewelle und ein Achsdifferential auf die Antriebsräder des Fahrzeuges. Insbesondere sind so auch zwei stufenlose Getriebebereiche eCVT 1., eVCT 2. schaltbar. The variant of FIG. 10 provides an internal combustion engine ICE which feeds via a torsion damper TVD and a clutch C3 into a circulating converter UW as a power-splitting element. The rotating transducer UW has two coaxial output shafts, with the electric machine EM driving directly onto one of the output shafts. The two output shafts act via a respective switching device B-A and D-C to a total of four translations 1., 2nd eCVT 1., EVCT 2nd and on the respective selected gear ratio via a countershaft and an axle differential to the drive wheels of the vehicle. In particular, two continuously variable transmission ranges eCVT 1. eVCT 2. are switchable.
Eine Variante hiervon zeigt die Figur 1 1. Die eine Ausgangswelle des umlaufen- den Wandlers UW als leistungsverzweigendes Element wirkt über eine Schaltvorrichtung B-A auf die Antriebswelle. Die zweite Welle ist mit der elektrischen Maschine EM gekoppelt und speist mittig - über das Sonnenrad - den Wandler. Über eine weitere Schaltvorrichtung D-C ist das Antriebsmoment von diesem Getriebeteil auf die Antriebswelle übertragbar. Figur 12 zeigt eine Variante, bei der die Elektrische Maschine EM und die Verbrennungskraftmaschine ICE von beiden Seiten her auf die Eingangswelle speisen. Über zwei Schaltvorrichtungen B-A sowie D-C kann das Antriebsmoment in insgesamt vier Übersetzungsstufen zu der Antriebswelle der Antriebsräder über- tragen werden. A variant of this is shown in FIG. 1. The one output shaft of the circulating transducer UW as a power-splitting element acts on the drive shaft via a switching device BA. The second shaft is coupled to the electric machine EM and fed centrally - via the sun gear - the converter. About another switching device DC, the drive torque of this transmission part to the drive shaft is transferable. FIG. 12 shows a variant in which the electric machine EM and the internal combustion engine ICE feed on the input shaft from both sides. Via two switching devices BA and DC, the drive torque can be transmitted to the drive shaft of the drive wheels in a total of four gear ratios.
Bezugszeichenliste LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
EM elektrische Maschine EM electric machine
ICE Verbrennungskraftmaschine  ICE internal combustion engine
C1 Kupplung, Disconnect Kupplung  C1 clutch, disconnect clutch
TVC Torsionsschwingungsdämpfer  TVC torsional vibration damper
C2, C3 Kupplung, Doppelkupplung  C2, C3 clutch, double clutch
A-B Schaltvorrichtung A-B switching device
C-D Schaltvorrichtung  C-D switching device
B1 Bremse  B1 brake
UW umlaufender Wandler, Element Leistungsverzweigung  UW rotating converter, element power split

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1 . Fahrzeugantrieb mit einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine und einer elektri- sehe Maschine, wobei diese beiden Antriebe (EM, ICE) auf eine Welle eines Getriebes einspeisen, wobei Schaltmittel (B-A) vorgesehen sind, durch welche das Antriebsmoment zwischen einer ersten Welle des Getriebes und einer weiteren, mit dem Fahrzeugantrieb gekoppelten Welle des Getriebes in unterschiedlichen Übersetzungen übertragbar ist und eine Momentenübertragung von Verbren- nungskraftmaschine (ICE) zur elektrischen Maschine (EM) sowie umgekehrt und von der Verbrennungskraftmaschine (ICE) und/oder der elektrischen Maschine (EM) zu der mit dem Fahrzeugantrieb gekoppelten Welle sowie umgekehrt möglich ist. 1 . Vehicle drive with an internal combustion engine and an electric see machine, these two drives (EM, ICE) feed on a shaft of a transmission, wherein switching means (BA) are provided, through which the drive torque between a first shaft of the transmission and another, with The shaft of the transmission coupled to the vehicle drive can be transmitted in different ratios and a torque transmission from internal combustion engine (ICE) to the electric machine (EM) and vice versa and from the internal combustion engine (ICE) and / or the electric machine (EM) to that with the vehicle drive coupled wave and vice versa is possible.
2. Fahrzeugantrieb nach Anspruch 1 , 2. Vehicle drive according to claim 1,
Die Verbrennungskraftmaschine (ICE) speist über eine schaltbare Kupplung (C3) eine Getriebewelle, diese ist über eine zweite schaltbare Kupplung (C1 , C2) mit der elektrischen Maschine gekoppelt.  The internal combustion engine (ICE) feeds a transmission shaft via a shiftable clutch (C3), which is coupled to the electric machine via a second shiftable clutch (C1, C2).
3. Fahrzeugantrieb nach Anspruch 1 , 3. Vehicle drive according to claim 1,
die elektrische Maschine (EM) ist über ein Untersetzungsgetriebe, vorzugsweise als Planetengetriebe ausgeführt, mit der ersten Welle des Getriebes gekoppelt. the electric machine (EM) is connected via a reduction gear, preferably designed as a planetary gear, with the first shaft of the transmission.
4. Fahrzeugantrieb nach Anspruch 1 , 4. Vehicle drive according to claim 1,
die erste Welle des Getriebes ist abschnittsweise unterschiedlich antreibbar ausgeführt. the first shaft of the gearbox is partially driven differently driven.
5. Fahrzeugantrieb nach Anspruch 4, 5. Vehicle drive according to claim 4,
die elektrische Maschine (EM) wirkt über zwei Kupplungen (C1 , C2), vorzugsweise als Doppelkupplung ausgeführt, auf die Abschnitte der ersten Welle. the electric machine (EM) acts on the sections of the first shaft via two clutches (C1, C2), preferably designed as a double clutch.
6. Fahrzeugantrieb nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, 6. Vehicle drive according to claim 4 or 5,
zwischen der ersten Getriebewelle und der weiteren Welle des Getriebes sind Übersetzungen realisiert, welche durch wenigstens eine Schaltvorrichtung (A-B, C-D) betätigbar sind. between the first gear shaft and the further shaft of the transmission are realized translations which by at least one switching device (A-B, C-D) can be actuated.
7. Fahrzeugantrieb nach Anspruch 1 , 7. Vehicle drive according to claim 1,
die Welle der elektrischen Maschine (EM) und die erste Welle des Getriebes verlaufen koaxial. the shaft of the electric machine (EM) and the first shaft of the transmission are coaxial.
8. Fahrzeugantrieb nach Anspruch 1 , 8. Vehicle drive according to claim 1,
die Welle der elektrischen Maschine verläuft parallel zu der ersten Welle des Getriebes. The shaft of the electric machine runs parallel to the first shaft of the transmission.
9. Fahrzeugantrieb nach Anspruch 1 , 9. Vehicle drive according to claim 1,
die elektrische Maschine (EM) sowie die Verbrennungskraftmaschine wirken über ein Summiergetriebe auf die erste Getriebewelle. the electric machine (EM) and the internal combustion engine act on the first transmission shaft via a summing gear.
10. Fahrzeugantrieb nach Anspruch 1 , 10. Vehicle drive according to claim 1,
die Verbrennungskraftmaschine wirkt über einen Torsionsdämpfer (TVD) auf die erste Getriebewelle. the internal combustion engine acts on the first transmission shaft via a torsion damper (TVD).
1 1 . Fahrzeugantrieb nach Anspruch 1 , 1 1. Vehicle drive according to claim 1,
es ist eine schaltbare Bremse vorgesehen, durch welche ein umlaufendes Getriebeteil stillsetbar ist. It is provided a switchable brake, by which a rotating transmission part is stopped.
PCT/EP2014/056115 2013-04-09 2014-03-27 Vehicle drive WO2014166745A1 (en)

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