WO2014166121A1 - 具有温控功能的加热装置和温控方法以及烟草蒸发器 - Google Patents

具有温控功能的加热装置和温控方法以及烟草蒸发器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014166121A1
WO2014166121A1 PCT/CN2013/074172 CN2013074172W WO2014166121A1 WO 2014166121 A1 WO2014166121 A1 WO 2014166121A1 CN 2013074172 W CN2013074172 W CN 2013074172W WO 2014166121 A1 WO2014166121 A1 WO 2014166121A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heating
temperature
heating element
unit
control switch
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Application number
PCT/CN2013/074172
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘水根
Original Assignee
Liu Shuigen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Liu Shuigen filed Critical Liu Shuigen
Priority to PCT/CN2013/074172 priority Critical patent/WO2014166121A1/zh
Publication of WO2014166121A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014166121A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D23/20—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature
    • G05D23/24—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature the sensing element having a resistance varying with temperature, e.g. a thermistor
    • G05D23/2401—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature the sensing element having a resistance varying with temperature, e.g. a thermistor using a heating element as a sensing element
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
    • A24F40/46—Shape or structure of electric heating means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/50—Control or monitoring
    • A24F40/53—Monitoring, e.g. fault detection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/023—Industrial applications
    • H05B1/0244—Heating of fluids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/20—Devices using solid inhalable precursors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of electric heating products, in particular to a heating device with temperature control function and a temperature control method thereof, and a tobacco evaporator comprising the heating device with temperature control function.
  • alloy metal is only used as a heating element, while the temperature at which the heating is measured is commonly used.
  • NTC , PTC, platinum resistance or thermocouple as a temperature sensor.
  • some heaters have a small heating power. If a temperature sensor is attached at the same time, the sensor will take away a part of the heat, causing the temperature rise of the heater to slow down or the temperature not to come.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that, in the prior art, it is required to use a temperature sensor to measure the temperature of the heating element, such as inaccurate measurement, large volume, high cost, and small measurement range, and provide a heating element itself.
  • Change in resistance value A heating device with temperature control function for measuring the temperature of the heating element.
  • a heating device with a temperature control function comprising a power supply, a heating control switch connected to the power supply, characterized in that it further comprises a heating element and a microcontroller, the microcontroller and the heating element respectively
  • the heating control switch is connected, and the heating element is configured to measure data for calculating the actual temperature of the heating element while heating;
  • the microcontroller is configured to perform the calculation according to the data to obtain the actual temperature, and compare with a reference temperature preset internally by the microcontroller, and control switching of the heating control switch according to the comparison result, thereby implementing the Heating control of the heating element.
  • the current detecting unit is connected to the heating element and detects passing through the heating element Current signal and send the current signal to the microcontroller;
  • the microcontroller is further configured to detect and receive the heating element And a voltage signal, and calculating an actual temperature of the heating element according to the voltage signal and the current signal, and comparing the actual temperature with the reference temperature, and controlling switching of the heating control switch according to the comparison result.
  • the microcontroller is a CPU, MCU or GPU.
  • the microcontroller further includes an analog to digital converter, a calculation unit, a comparison unit, and a control unit;
  • the analog to digital converter receives the current signal and converts it into a digital signal, and further sends the calculation to the computing unit for calculation;
  • the calculating unit is connected to the comparing unit, and the calculating unit calculates an actual temperature of the heating element according to the current signal and the voltage signal, and performs, by the comparing unit, the actual temperature and the reference temperature Comparing, and transmitting the comparison result to the control unit;
  • the control unit is connected to the heating control switch, and controls switching of the heating control switch according to the comparison result; when the actual temperature is less than the reference temperature, the heating control switch is turned on, and the heating is performed The component is heated, and when the actual temperature is greater than the reference temperature, the heating control switch is turned off to stop heating the heating element;
  • the heating control switch is a semiconductor switch.
  • the microprocessor further includes a timing unit having a first preset time and a second preset time therein;
  • the control unit is connected to the timing unit, and after the heating control switch is switched to the off state for a first predetermined time, sending a conduction switch signal with a duration of a second preset time to the heating control switch, It is used to turn on the heating control switch to measure the actual temperature of the heating element.
  • the power supply has a high power power interface and a first low power power interface; the heating control switch is respectively connected to the high power power interface and the first low power power interface, and can be switched to the high power power interface Or the low power power interface.
  • the microcontroller further includes an analog to digital converter, a calculation unit, a comparison unit, and a control unit;
  • the analog to digital converter receives the current signal and converts it into a digital signal, and further sends the calculation to the computing unit for calculation;
  • the calculating unit is connected to the comparing unit, and the calculating unit calculates an actual temperature of the heating element according to the current signal and a voltage signal, and compares the actual temperature with the reference temperature by the comparing unit, And sending the comparison result to the control unit;
  • the control unit is connected to the heating control switch, and controls switching of the heating control switch according to the comparison result; when the actual temperature is less than the reference temperature, the heating control switch is connected to a high-power power interface, Heating the heating element, when the actual temperature is greater than the reference temperature, the heating control switch is connected to the first low power power source to stop heating the heating element;
  • the heating control switch is a relay switch.
  • the microcontroller further includes a digital-to-analog converter, a calculation unit, a comparison unit, a timing unit, and a control unit; the timing unit has a third preset time;
  • the analog to digital converter receives the current signal and converts it into a digital signal, and further sends the calculation to the computing unit for calculation;
  • the calculating unit is connected to the comparing unit, and the calculating unit calculates an actual temperature of the heating element according to the current signal and a voltage signal, and compares the actual temperature with the reference temperature by the comparing unit, And sending the comparison result to the control unit;
  • the control unit is respectively connected to the heating control switch and the timing unit, and controls switching of the heating control switch according to the comparison result; when the actual temperature is greater than the reference temperature, the control unit controls the The heating control switch is turned off; at the same time, the timing unit is controlled to start timing, and when the timing unit counts to a third preset time, the control unit controls the heating control switch to be turned on;
  • the heating control switch is a semiconductor switch.
  • the heating element is a nickel-chromium alloy, a nickel-chromium-iron alloy, an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy or a constantan.
  • the actual temperature of the heating element is calculated by the following formula:
  • Tt is the actual temperature of the heating element
  • T is the standard ambient temperature or the corrected standard temperature
  • R is the standard resistance value of the heating element at temperature T
  • K is the temperature coefficient of the heating element.
  • the present invention also provides a tobacco evaporator having the above-described heating device having a temperature control function.
  • the invention also provides a temperature control method for a heating device with temperature control function, comprising the following steps:
  • the current detecting unit detects a current signal of the heating element and sends the current signal to the microcontroller;
  • the microcontroller detects and receives the heating element
  • the voltage signal calculates an actual temperature of the heating element based on the voltage signal and the current signal and compares it with the reference temperature, and then controls switching of the heating control switch according to the comparison result.
  • step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
  • the calculating unit calculates an actual temperature of the heating element according to the current signal and the voltage signal;
  • step S32 The comparing unit compares the reference temperature with the actual temperature, and if the actual temperature is greater than or equal to the reference temperature, performing steps S33. If the actual temperature is less than the reference temperature, step S34 is performed:
  • the control unit controls the heating control switch to be turned off, and stops heating the heating element; after the first preset time, the control unit sends a duration to the heating control switch for a second preset time. Turning on the switch signal to turn the heating control switch on, and to the step when the heating control switch is turned on S2.
  • S34 The control unit controls the heating control switch to be in an on state, and heats the heating element.
  • step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
  • control unit controls the heating control switch to switch from the high power power interface to the first low power power interface b Stop heating the heating element;
  • control unit controls the heating control switch to maintain a high power supply interface a
  • the connection is either switched from the first low power supply interface to the high power supply interface a to heat the heating element.
  • step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
  • step S32 The comparison unit compares the reference temperature with the actual temperature, and if the actual temperature is greater than or equal to the reference temperature, step S33 ′′ is performed; otherwise, step 31 ′′ is performed;
  • the actual temperature of the heating element is calculated by the following formula:
  • Tt is the actual temperature of the heating element
  • T is the standard ambient temperature or the corrected standard temperature
  • R is the standard resistance value of the heating element at temperature T
  • K is the temperature coefficient of the heating element.
  • the invention discloses a heating device with temperature control function and a temperature control method thereof, and a tobacco evaporator comprising the heating device with temperature control function, which has the following beneficial effects: detecting a voltage signal and a current of a heating element through a microcontroller Signaling, and calculating the actual temperature of the heating element according to the detected current signal, the voltage signal, the ambient temperature of the heating element standard or the resistance at the corrected standard temperature, and the temperature coefficient of the heating element, further adjusting the actual temperature to be preset
  • the reference temperature in the controller is compared to control the on/off of the heating control switch; such that the measurement of the temperature of the heating element is based on a change in the resistance value of the heating element itself, such a heating element being used both as a heating device and as The temperature measuring device is used, so that the temperature measurement can be realized without an additional temperature sensor, so that the measurement is accurate, the volume is small, and the installation is convenient.
  • Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of a heating device with temperature control function of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of a heating device having a temperature control function according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a heating device having a temperature control function when the current detecting unit of FIG. 2 is a current transformer;
  • Figure 4 is a circuit diagram of a heating device having a temperature control function according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a circuit diagram of the heating device with temperature control function when the current detecting unit of Figure 4 is a transformer;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of an electronic smoking device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a temperature control process of a heating device with temperature control function according to the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a flow chart showing the first embodiment of the step S3 shown in Figure 7;
  • Figure 9 is a flow chart showing the second embodiment of the step S3 shown in Figure 7;
  • Figure 10 is a flow chart showing the third embodiment of the step S3 shown in Figure 7.
  • the present invention provides a heating device with a temperature control function, including a power supply 10, and a power supply 10
  • the connected heating control switch 15 further includes a heating element 11 and a microcontroller 13; the microcontroller 13 is connected to the heating element 11 and the heating control switch 15, respectively, and the heating element 11 It is used to measure data for calculating the actual temperature of the heating element 11 while heating.
  • the microcontroller 13 calculates the actual temperature based on the above data and interacts with the microcontroller 13
  • the internal preset reference temperature comparison controls the switching of the heating control switch 15 based on the comparison result, thereby achieving heating control of the heating element 11.
  • the current detecting unit 12 is connected to the heating element 11 and passes through the heating element 11
  • the current signal is sent to the microcontroller 13; the microcontroller 13 is connected to the heating element 11 and the heating control switch 15, respectively, to detect and receive the heating element 11
  • the voltage signal calculates the actual temperature of the heating element 11 based on the voltage signal and the current signal, and compares the actual temperature with the reference temperature, and further controls the heating control switch 15 to switch according to the comparison result, thereby implementing the heating element. 11 heating control.
  • Current detection unit 12 The kind is not particularly limited and may include a sampling resistor, a current transformer, a Hall sensor, or one of other types of current sensors.
  • the current detecting unit 12 shown in FIG. 2 can be a current transformer 121 through a current transformer 121. The magnitude of the current is sensed and the current signal is sent to the microprocessor 13.
  • the circuit used is as shown in FIG.
  • the sampling resistors used in the same circuit do not require an amplifier.
  • the amplifier does not need to amplify the current signal.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show circuit diagrams of a heating device having a temperature control function according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 The difference between Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is only that the devices used in the current detecting unit 12 are different.
  • the microcontroller 13 further includes a digital to analog converter 134, a calculation unit 135, and a comparison unit 131.
  • the control unit 132; the analog to digital converter 134 receives the current signal and converts it into a digital signal, and sends it to the calculation unit 135 for calculation.
  • the calculation unit 135 is connected to the comparison unit 131, and calculates the heating element according to the current signal and the voltage signal.
  • the actual temperature is compared with the actual temperature and the reference temperature, and the comparison result is sent to the control unit 132.
  • the control unit 132 is connected to the heating control switch 15, and controls the heating control switch according to the comparison result. Switching, when the actual temperature is lower than the reference temperature, the heating control switch 15 is turned on to heat the heating element 11, and when the actual temperature is greater than the reference temperature, the heating control switch 15 is turned off, and the heating element is stopped. Heat up.
  • the heating control switch 15 is a semiconductor switch.
  • the heating element 11 is stopped, and the next pair of heating elements is 11 During the heating process, the actual temperature of the heating element 11 is measured by sampling.
  • the microprocessor 13 further includes a timing unit 133 and a timing unit 133. There is a first preset time and a second preset time.
  • the control unit 132 is connected to the timing unit 133, and after the heating control switch 15 is switched to the off state, the heating control switch is turned on every time the first preset time elapses. 15 transmitting a conduction switch signal having a duration of a second predetermined time for turning on the heating control switch 15 to measure the actual temperature of the heating element 11.
  • the heating control switch 15 is switched according to the comparison result.
  • the turn-on switch signal may be a voltage signal having a continuous voltage value greater than a turn-on voltage of the heating control switch 15. It can also be a voltage pulse signal. It can be understood that the pulse height of the voltage pulse signal is greater than the heating control switch 15 Turn-on voltage.
  • the power supply 10 when the current detecting unit 12 uses the sampling resistor 122 and the matching amplifier 123 When used together, the power supply 10 also has a second low power supply interface c, and a second low power supply interface c is coupled to the amplifier 123 for powering the amplifier 123.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are circuit diagrams of a heating device having a temperature control function according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 The difference between Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is only that the devices used in the current detecting unit 12 are different.
  • the power supply 10 has a high power power interface a, a first low power power interface b, and a heating control switch 15 Connected to the high-power power interface a and the first low-power power interface b, respectively, to switch to the high-power power interface a or the low-power power interface b.
  • the microcontroller 13 further includes an analog to digital converter 134, a calculation unit 135, a comparison unit 131, and a control unit. 132; the analog-to-digital converter 134 receives the current signal and converts it into a digital signal, and further sends it to the calculation unit 135 for calculation; the calculation unit 135 is connected to the comparison unit 131, and the calculation unit 135 calculating the actual temperature of the heating element 11 according to the current signal and the voltage signal, comparing the actual temperature with the reference temperature by the comparing unit, and transmitting the comparison result to the control unit 132; the control unit 132 It is connected with the heating control switch 15 to control the switching of the heating control switch 15 according to the comparison result.
  • the heating control switch 15 When the actual temperature is lower than the reference temperature, the heating control switch 15 is connected with the high-power power supply interface a to the heating element. 11 Heating, when the actual temperature is greater than the reference temperature, the heating control switch 15 is connected to the first low-power power interface b to stop heating the heating element 11. In this embodiment, the heating control switch 15 For the relay switch.
  • the heating control switch 15 turns on the high power power interface of the power supply 10 a, as shown in the figure, at this time, the power supply 10 can supply power to the heating element 11 to be heated, and can also be the microcontroller 13, the current detecting unit 12, and the heating element 11 The formed temperature measurement loop provides power.
  • the heating element 11 can also be temperature tested during the heating of the heating element 11.
  • the control unit 132 in the microcontroller 13 When the actual temperature of the heating element 11 is equal to or greater than the reference temperature, the control unit 132 in the microcontroller 13 at this time Control the heating control switch 15 to switch to the first low power supply interface b. Then, the temperature measuring circuit connected to the heating element 11 , the current detecting unit 12 , and the microcontroller 13 is connected to the first low power power source b Power is supplied. Since the power supply 10 is only providing a low-power supply for the temperature measurement loop, the temperature rise caused by the low-power supply supplying power to the heating element 11 can be ignored.
  • the heating control switch 15 When the heating control switch 15 is connected to the first low power supply interface b, since the heating element is no longer 11 When heating is performed, the heating element 11 is cooled by natural cooling, and when the temperature of the heating element 11 itself is lowered to less than the reference temperature, the microprocessor controls the heating control switch 15 to be turned on to the power supply 10 High power supply interface a. The high power supply supplies the heating element 11 for heating.
  • the power supply 10 when the current detecting unit 12 uses the sampling resistor 122 and the matching amplifier 123 When used together, the power supply 10 also has a second low power supply interface c, and a second low power supply interface c is coupled to the amplifier 123 for powering the amplifier 123.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 also show circuit diagrams of a heating device having a temperature control function according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the microcontroller 13 further includes a digital to analog converter, a calculation unit 135, and a comparison unit 131.
  • the timing unit 133 and the control unit 132 have a third preset time in the timing unit 133; the analog-to-digital converter 134 receives the current signal and converts it into a digital signal, and sends it to the calculation unit. Calculated in 135.
  • the calculation unit 135 is connected to the comparison unit 131, and calculates the heating element according to the current signal and the voltage signal.
  • the actual temperature and compare the actual temperature with the reference temperature, and send the comparison result to the control unit 132; the control unit 132 and the comparison unit 131 and the timing unit 133, respectively Connected, when the actual temperature is greater than the reference temperature, the control heating control switch 15 is turned off.
  • the functions of the control unit 132 and the timing unit 135 are different. Specifically, the timing unit 133 and the control unit 132 Connected, while the control unit 132 controls the heating control switch 15 to be turned off, the timing unit 133 is also controlled to start timing; the timing unit 133 The interior has a third preset time. When the timing reaches the third preset time, the control unit 132 controls the heating control switch 15 to be turned on; the heating control switch 15 is a semiconductor switch.
  • the second embodiment still applies the heating element when the heating element 11 is not heated. 11
  • the temperature measurement is performed, and the third embodiment stops the temperature measurement of the heating element 11 without heating the heating element 11, but controls the heating control switch after the third predetermined time elapses. Turning on, heating the heating element 11 again, and when the temperature of the heating element 11 rises to be greater than or equal to the reference temperature, the control unit 132 in the microcontroller 13 controls the heating control switch again. 15 disconnected.
  • the current detecting unit 12 can be a current transformer 121.
  • the current is sensed by the current transformer 121 and the current signal is sent to the microprocessor 13.
  • the current detecting unit 12 can also be a sampling resistor 122 when the current detecting unit 12 To sample resistor 122, amplifier 123 is required. Amplifier 123 is placed between microcontroller 13 and sampling resistor 122 to amplify the detected current signal.
  • the power supply 10 when the current detecting unit 12 uses the sampling resistor 122 and cooperates with the amplifier 123 In use, the power supply 10 also has a second low power supply interface c, and a second low power supply interface c is coupled to the amplifier 123 for powering the amplifier 123.
  • the switching of the heating control switch 15 refers to the switching of the on/off of the heating control switch 15.
  • the semiconductor switches in the first embodiment and the third embodiment may be MOS transistors, MOS.
  • the base of the tube is connected to the microcontroller 13, and a certain turn-on voltage is applied to the MOS transistor through the microcontroller 13 to turn on the MOS transistor.
  • the third predetermined time and the kind of the material of the heating element 11, the heating element 11 cooling rate, and the heating element 11 The space and other factors are related. Generally, the third preset time is 20 ⁇ 40s.
  • the heating element 11 is made by setting the timing unit 133 The temperature is always maintained at the reference temperature, and it is easy to implement and can guarantee the taste of smoking.
  • the amplification factor of the amplifier 123 is 8 times or 12 times
  • the analog-to-digital converter 134 For the high-precision analog-to-digital converter 134, the model number is AD7367 or AD7671. It can be understood that the amplification factor of the amplifier 123 and the analog-to-digital converter 134
  • the model number is not limited to this, and can be any magnification and model that can achieve the above functions.
  • the actual temperature of the heating element 11 is calculated by the following formula:
  • Tt is the actual temperature of the heating element 11
  • T is the standard ambient temperature or the corrected standard temperature
  • R is the standard resistance value of the heating element 11 at a temperature T
  • K is the temperature coefficient of the heating element 11.
  • the resistance can be. It can be understood that the measurement of the electric resistance of the heating element 11 is not limited to the above, and the heating element 11 is separately measured. The current and the voltage value are calculated, and it is also possible to directly measure the resistance of the heat generating element 11 in a heated state.
  • the heating element 11 is a nickel-chromium alloy, a nickel-chromium-iron alloy, an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy or a constantan alloy. And the maximum temperature at which they are heated is 500 °C.
  • the above alloy material is selected as the material of the heating element 11 because the above alloy material can serve as both the heating element 11
  • the temperature can be used as a device for temperature measurement.
  • the heating element 11 itself is used as a temperature measuring device, the heating element 11
  • the mounting position and shape are not particularly limited, and the heating element 11 can be mounted at any position of the electronic product, and can be placed inside or outside the electronic product.
  • the heating element 11 The shape may be a strip shape, a filament shape, a sheet shape, a strip shape or a block shape.
  • the type of the microcontroller 13 is not particularly limited and may be a CPU, an MCU, or a GPU.
  • the power of the high power power interface a ranges from 100 to 1000 W.
  • the low-power power interface b ranges from 20 to 80W, and the low-power power interface c ranges from 10 to 25W.
  • the invention further relates to a tobacco evaporator comprising the above described heating device having a temperature control function.
  • the prior art tobacco evaporator achieves the measurement of the temperature inside the evaporation chamber by inserting a temperature sensor inside the evaporation chamber.
  • the temperature measured by such temperature sensing is the inside of the evaporation chamber rather than the heating element. It will affect the accuracy of the temperature sensor's temperature measurement.
  • the heating element will take away a part of the heat during the measurement process, which will affect the heating effect of the heating element.
  • the temperature sensor cannot be completely The bonding of the heating elements also produces an effect of inaccurate temperature measurement. Therefore, the heating process of the heating element cannot be accurately controlled, thereby affecting the taste of smoking.
  • the tobacco evaporator further includes an evaporation chamber 21, and the evaporation chamber 21 is provided with cut tobacco, and the heating element 11
  • the tobacco is placed inside the evaporation chamber 21 to wrap around or surround the outside of the evaporation chamber 21.
  • the heating element is 11
  • the installation position of the heating element is limited, and the heating element measuring device is not limited by the installation position, and the heating element 11 can be placed not only in the evaporation chamber 21
  • the interior is heated in direct contact with the shredded tobacco, and it can also be heated around the outside of the evaporation chamber 21 to meet the needs of various heating methods.
  • the tobacco evaporator further includes a circuit board 23, and the microcontroller 13 and the current detecting unit 12 are all placed on the circuit board 23 Internal.
  • the tobacco evaporator further includes a battery rod 22, and a battery is further disposed inside the battery rod 22, and the battery is powered by a heating device having a temperature control function.
  • the current detecting unit 12 Integrated into the board, there is no need to take up other space in the otherwise small size of the tobacco evaporator.
  • the present invention also provides a temperature control method for a heating device having a temperature control function, comprising the following steps:
  • the current detecting unit 12 detects the current signal of the heating element 11 and sends the current signal to the microcontroller 13 ;
  • S3 Microcontroller 13 Detecting and receiving heating element 11
  • the voltage signal calculates the actual temperature of the heating element based on the voltage signal and the current signal and compares it with the reference temperature, and then controls the switching of the heating control switch 15 according to the comparison result.
  • FIG. 8 When it is the first embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 8:
  • the calculating unit 135 calculates the actual temperature of the heating element 11 according to the current signal and the voltage signal;
  • step S32 The comparison unit 131 compares the reference temperature with the actual temperature, and if the actual temperature is greater than or equal to the reference temperature, the steps are performed. S33, if the actual temperature is less than the reference temperature, step S34 is performed:
  • Control unit 132 controls the heating control switch 15 to open and stop the heating element 11 Heating is performed; after the first preset time, the control unit 132 sends a conduction switch to the heating control switch 14 for a second predetermined time to turn on the switch signal, so that the heating control switch 15 Turning on state, while the heating control switch 15 is turned on, the process goes to step S2;
  • the control unit 132 controls the heating control switch 15 to be turned on to heat the heating element 11.
  • S3 further includes:
  • the calculation unit 135 calculates the actual temperature of the heating element 11 based on the current signal and the voltage signal;
  • comparison unit 131 compares the reference temperature with the actual temperature. If the actual temperature is greater than or equal to the reference temperature, perform the steps. S33 ', if the actual temperature is less than the reference temperature, proceed to step S34 ':
  • Control unit 132 Controls the heating control switch 15 Switching from the high power supply interface a to the first low power supply interface b, stop heating the heating element 11;
  • control unit 132 controls the heating control switch 15 to maintain a high power supply interface a
  • the connection is either switched from the first low power supply interface b to the high power supply interface a to heat the heating element 11.
  • S3 further includes:
  • the calculation unit 135 calculates the actual temperature of the heating element 11 based on the voltage signal and the current signal;
  • comparison unit 131 compares the reference temperature with the actual temperature, and if the actual temperature is greater than or equal to the reference temperature, the steps are performed. S33 ”; otherwise, go to step S31”;
  • control unit 132 controls the heating control switch 15 to turn off the simultaneous timing unit 133 to start timing;
  • the heating element 11 The actual temperature is calculated by the following formula:
  • Tt is the actual temperature of the heating element 11
  • T is the standard ambient temperature or the corrected standard temperature
  • R is the standard resistance value of the heating element 11 at a temperature T
  • K is the temperature coefficient of the heating element 11.
  • the current through the heating element and the voltage in the heating element are detected by the microprocessor, and then the detected current and voltage are calculated by the microprocessor, and then the resistance of the heating element calibrated according to the standard ambient temperature or the corrected standard temperature. And calculating the temperature coefficient of the heating element to obtain a temperature coefficient of the heating element, and further comparing with the reference temperature, further controlling the start and stop of heating of the heating element by controlling the on and off of the heating control switch.
  • the implementation of such a heating device with temperature control function has small volume, low cost, convenient installation and accurate measurement.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有温控功能的加热装置，包括供电电源，与所述供电电源相连的加热控制开关，还包括加热元件以及微控制器，所述微控制器分别与所述加热元件以及所述加热控制开关相连，所述加热元件用于在加热的同时测量用于计算得到所述加热元件实际温度的数据，所述微控制器用于根据所述数据进行计算得到实际温度并与微控制器内部预设的参考温度比较，根据比较结果控制所述加热控制开关的切换，从而实现对所述加热元件的加热控制。本发明的加热元件既作为加热器件使用，又作为温度测量器件使用，使得不需要另增温度传感器就能实现对温度的测量，使得测量准确，且占用体积小，安装方便。

Description

具有温控功能的加热装置和温控方法以及烟草蒸发器 技术领域
本发明涉及电加热产品领域，尤其涉及一种具有温控功能的加热装置及其温控方法以及包含该具有温控功能的加热装置的烟草蒸发器。
背景技术
目前，在各种使用合金金属的电加热的产品中，合金金属只作为加热元件使用，而同时测量加热的温度普遍使用 NTC 、 PTC 、铂电阻或热电偶等作为温度传感器。这些温度测量的方法都存在温度传感器和加热器贴合不紧密导致温度有偏差，和温度传感器成本增加等缺点，另外 NTC 和 PTC 存在最高测量温度较低，可使用的温度范围小等缺点；铂电阻传感器成本高；热电偶的温度测量需要远端和近端的温度差值，所以还要同时测量近端的温度，增加成本。
特别是有些加热器的自身加热功率小，如果同时贴合一个温度传感器，会导致传感器带走一部分热量，导致加热器的温升变慢或温度上不来。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于，针对现有技术中需要采用温度传感器对加热元件进行测温时测量不准确，占用体积大，成本高，测量范围小的缺陷，提供一种可利用加热元件本身阻值的变化进行加热元件温度测量的具有温控功能的加热装置。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：
提供 一种具有温控功能的加热装置，包括供电电源，与所述供电电源相连的加热控制开关，其特征在于，还包括加热元件以及微控制器，所述微控制器分别与所述加热元件以及所述加热控制开关相连，所述加热元件用于在加热的同时测量用于计算得到所述加热元件实际温度的数据；
所述微控制器用于根据所述数据进行所述计算得到所述实际温度、并与微控制器内部预设的参考温度比较，根据比较结果控制所述加热控制开关的切换，从而实现对所述加热元件的加热控制。
还包括电流检测单元；
所述电流检测单元与所述加热元件相连，检测通过所述 加热元件 的电流信号并将所述电流信号发送至所述微控制器；
所述微控制器还用于检测并接收所述 加热元件 的电压信号，并根据所述电压信号和电流信号计算所述加热元件的实际温度，并将所述实际温度与所述参考温度比较，根据所述比较结果控制所述加热控制开关的切换。
所述微控制器为 CPU 、 MCU 或 GPU 。
第一实施例中，所述微控制器进一步包括模数转换器、计算单元、比较单元和控制单元；
所述模数转换器接收所述电流信号并转换为数字信号，且进一步发送至所述计算单元中进行计算；
所述计算单元与所述比较单元相连，所述计算单元根据所述电流信号以及所述电压信号计算所述加热元件的实际温度，通过所述比较单元对所述实际温度与所述参考温度进行比较，且将所述比较结果发送至所述控制单元；
所述控制单元与所述加热控制开关相连，根据所述比较结果控制所述加热控制开关的切换；当所述实际温度小于所述参考温度时，所述加热控制开关接通，对所述加热元件加热，当所述实际温度大于所述参考温度时，所述加热控制开关断开，停止对所述加热元件加热；
所述加热控制开关为半导体开关。
所述微处理器还包括计时单元，所述计时单元内具有第一预设时间以及第二预设时间；
所述控制单元与所述计时单元相连，在所述加热控制开关切换至断开状态第一预设时间后，向所述加热控制开关发送持续时间为第二预设时间的导通开关信号，用于接通所述加热控制开关，以测量所述加热元件的实际温度。
所述供电电源具有高功率电源接口、第一低功率电源接口；所述加热控制开关分别与所述高功率电源接口以及所述第一低功率电源接口相连，可切换至所述高功率电源接口或者所述低功率电源接口。
第二实施例中，所述微控制器进一步包括模数转换器、计算单元、比较单元和控制单元；
所述模数转换器接收所述电流信号并转换为数字信号，且进一步发送至所述计算单元中进行计算；
所述计算单元与所述比较单元相连，所述计算单元根据所述电流信号以及电压信号计算所述加热元件的实际温度，通过所述比较单元对所述实际温度与所述参考温度进行比较，且将所述比较结果发送至所述控制单元；
所述控制单元与所述加热控制开关相连，根据所述比较结果控制所述加热控制开关的切换；当所述实际温度小于所述参考温度时，所述加热控制开关与高功率电源接口连接，对所述加热元件加热，当所述实际温度大于所述参考温度时，所述加热控制开关与所述第一低功率电源接口连接，停止对所述加热元件加热；
所述加热控制开关为继电开关。
第三实施例中，所述微控制器进一步包括数模转换器、计算单元、比较单元、计时单元以及控制单元；所述计时单元中具有第三预设时间；
所述模数转换器接收所述电流信号并转换为数字信号，且进一步发送至所述计算单元中进行计算；
所述计算单元与所述比较单元相连，所述计算单元根据所述电流信号以及电压信号计算所述加热元件的实际温度，通过所述比较单元对所述实际温度与所述参考温度进行比较，且将所述比较结果发送至所述控制单元；
所述控制单元分别与所述加热控制开关以及所述计时单元相连，根据所述比较结果控制所述加热控制开关的切换；当所述实际温度大于所述参考温度时，所述控制单元控制所述加热控制开关断开；同时控制所述计时单元开始计时，在所述计时单元计时到第三预设时间时，所述控制单元控制所述加热控制开关接通；
所述加热控制开关为半导体开关。
所述 加热元件 为 镍铬合金、镍铬铁合金、铁铬铝合金或者康铜合金。
所述加热元件的实际温度通过如下公式计算：
Tt=T+(R-Rt)/K ，
其中， Tt 为所述加热元件的实际温度，
T 为标准的环境温度或者校正标准温度；
R 为温度 T 时所述加热元件的 标准电阻值；
Rt 为所述加热元件在所述实际温度下的电阻值，所述电阻值 R=U/I ，其中 U 是所述电压信号的电压值， I 是所述电流信号的电流值；
K 为所述加热元件的温度系数。
本发明还提供一种烟草蒸发器，具有上述的具有温控功能的加热装置。
本发明还提供一种具有温控功能的加热装置的温控方法，包括如下步骤：
S1 ：预设一参考温度；
S2 ：电流检测单元检测 加热元件 的电流信号并将所述电流信号发送至所述微控制器；
S3 ：所述微控制器检测并接收所述 加热元件 的电压信号，根据所述电压信号和电流信号计算所述加热元件的实际温度并与所述参考温度进行比较 , 之后根据比较结果控制加热控制开关的切换。
第一实施例中，所述步骤 S3 具体包括如下步骤：
S31 ：计算单元根据所述电流信号以及所述电压信号计算所述加热元件的实际温度；
S32 ：比较单元比较所述参考温度与所述实际温度的大小，若所述实际温度大于或等于所述参考温度，则执行步骤 S33 ，若所述实际温度小于所述参考温度，则执行步骤 S34 ：
S33 ：控制单元控制所述加热控制开关断开，停止对所述加热元件进行加热；经过第一预设时间后，通过所述控制单元向所述加热控制开关发送持续时间为第二预设时间的导通开关信号，使所述加热控制开关接通，在所述加热控制开关接通的同时转至步骤 S2 。
S34 ：所述控制单元控制加热控制开关接通状态，对所述加热元件进行加热。
第二实施例中，所述步骤 S3 具体包括如下步骤：
S31 '：计算单元根据所述电流信号以及所述电压信号计算所述加热元件的实际温度；
S32 '：比较单元比较所述参考温度与所述实际温度的大小，若所述实际温度大于或等于所述参考温度，则执行步骤 S33 '，若所述实际温度小于所述参考温度，则执行步骤 S34 '：
S33 '：控制单元控制所述加热控制开关从高功率电源接口切换到第一低功率电源接口 b ，停止对所述加热元件进行加热；
S34 '：所述控制单元控制所述加热控制开关保持与高功率电源接口 a 的连接或者从所述第一低功率电源接口切换到所述高功率电源接口 a ，对所述加热元件进行加热。
第三实施例中，所述步骤 S3 具体包括如下步骤：
S3 1 ” : 计算单元根据所述电压信号以及所述电流信号计算所述加热元件的实际温度；
S32 ” ：比较单元比较所述参考温度与所述实际温度的大小，若所述实际温度大于或等于所述参考温度，则执行步骤 S33 ” ；否则执行步骤 31 ” ；
S33 ” ：控制单元控制所述加热控制开关断开，同时计时单元开始计时；
S34 ” ：所述计时单元计时至第三预设时间后 , 所述控制单元控制加热控制开关接通。
所述加热元件的实际温度通过如下公式计算：
Tt=T+(R-Rt)/K ，
其中， Tt 为所述加热元件的实际温度，
T 为标准的环境温度或者校正标准温度；
R 为温度 T 时所述加热元件的 标准电阻值；
Rt 为所述加热元件在所述实际温度下的电阻值，所述电阻值 R=U/I ，其中 U 是所述电压信号的电压值， I 是所述电流信号的电流值；
K 为所述加热元件的温度系数。
本发明公开了一种具有温控功能的加热装置及其温控方法以及包含该具有温控功能的加热装置的烟草蒸发器，具有以下有益效果：通过微控制器检测加热元件的电压信号以及电流信号，并根据检测到的电流信号、电压信号、加热元件标准的环境温度或者校正标准温度下的电阻以及加热元件的温度系数计算得到加热元件的实际温度，进一步将该实际温度与预设于微控制器中的参考温度做比较，从而控制加热控制开关的通断；使得对加热元件温度的测量是根据加热元件本身的电阻值的变化得到的，这样的加热元件既作为加热器件使用，又作为温度测量器件使用，使得不需要另增温度传感器就能实现对温度的测量，使得测量准确，且占用体积小，安装方便。
附图说明
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明，附图中：
图 1 是本发明的具有温控功能的加热装置的电路图；
图 2 是本发明第一实施例的具有温控功能的加热装置的电路图；
图 3 是图 2 中电流检测单元为电流互感器时的具有温控功能的加热装置的电路图；
图 4 是本发明第二实施例的具有温控功能的加热装置的电路图；
图 5 为图 4 中电流检测单元为互感器时的具有温控功能的加热装置的电路图；
图 6 是本发明的电子吸烟装置结构示意图；
图 7 是本发明的具有温控功能的加热装置的温控流程示意图；
图 8 是图 7 中所示的步骤 S3 的第一实施例的流程示意图；
图 9 是图 7 中所示的步骤 S3 的第二实施例的流程示意图；
图 10 是图 7 中所示的步骤 S3 的第三实施例的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
如图 1 所示，本发明提供一种具有温控功能的加热装置，包括供电电源 10 ，与供电电源 10 相连的加热控制开关 15 ，还包括 加热元件11 、以及微控制器 13 ；微控制器 13 分别与 加热元件11以及加热控制开关15相连 ，加热元件 11 用于在加热的同时测量用于计算得到加热元件 11 实际温度的数据。 微控制器 13 根据上述数据进行计算得到实际温度并与微控制器 13 内部预设的参考温度比较，根据比较结果控制加热控制开关 15 的切换，从而实现对加热元件 11 的加热控制。
电流检测单元 12 与加热元件 11 相连，检测通过 加热元件11 的电流信号，并将电流信号发送至微控制器 13 ；微控制器 13 分别与 加热元件11以及加热控制开关15相连 ，检测并接收 加热元件11 的电压信号，根据电压信号和电流信号计算加热元件 11 的实际温度，并比较实际温度与参考温度，进一步根据比较结果控制加热控制开关 15 切换，从而实现对加热元件 11 的加热控制。
电流检测单元 12 的种类没有特别限制，可以包括采样电阻、电流互感器、霍尔传感器或者是其它类型的电流传感器中的一种。
如图 2 所示电流检测单元 12 可以为电流互感器 121 ，通过电流互感器 121 检测电流的大小，并将电流信号发送到微处理器 13 中。
如图 3 所示，电流检测单元 12 为采样电阻 122 时，需设置放大器 123 ，放大器 123 置于微控制器 13 以及采样电阻 122 之间，对检测到的电流信号进行放大。
同时，当电流检测单元 12 采用霍尔传感器时，所采用的电路与图 3 中的采样电阻所采用的电路相同，也不需要放大器。
即当采用高精度的电流检测单元 12 时则不需要放大器对电流信号进行放大。
下面以电流传感器采用采样电阻 122 以及电流互感器 121 为具体实施方式进行说明。
图 2 、图 3 中示出了本发明第一实施例的具有温控功能的加热装置的电路图。
图 2 以及图 3 的区别仅在于电流检测单元 12 所采用的器件不同。
本实施例中，微控制器 13 进一步包括数模转换器 134 、计算单元 135 、比较单元 131 、以及控制单元 132 ；模数转换器 134 接收电流信号并转换为数字信号，且发送至计算单元 135 中进行计算。
计算单元 135 与比较单元 131 相连，根据电流信号以及电压信号计算加热元件 11 的实际温度，且比较实际温度以及参考温度，并将比较结果发送至控制单元 132 。
控制单元 132 与加热控制开关 15 相连，根据比较结果控制加热控制开关 15 的切换，当实际温度小于参考温度时，加热控制开关 15 接通，对加热元件 11 加热，当实际温度大于参考温度时，加热控制开关 15 断开，停止对加热元件 11 加热。
加热控制开关 15 为半导体开关。
可以理解的是，在加热控制开关 15 切换至断开状态，停止对加热元件 11 进行加热后，在下一对加热元件 11 进行加热的过程中是通过采样的方式进行加热元件 11 实际温度的测量。
具体的，微处理器 13 还包括计时单元 133 ，计时单元 133 内具有第一预设时间以及第二预设时间。控制单元 132 与所述计时单元 133 相连，在加热控制开关 15 切换至断开状态后，每经过第一预设时间，向加热控制开关 15 发送持续时间为第二预设时间的导通开关信号，用于接通加热控制开关 15 ，测量加热元件 11 的实际温度。
当测量完加热元件 11 的实际温度之后，进一步将实际温度以及参考温度相比较，再根据比较结果进行加热控制开关 15 的切换。
可以理解的是，第一预设时间的范围为 3-4s ，第二预设时间为 15-30s 。该导通开关信号可以为持续的电压值大于加热控制开关 15 接通电压的电压信号。也可以为一电压脉冲信号，可以理解的是，电压脉冲信号的脉高大于加热控制开关 15 的接通电压。
可以理解的，如图 2 所示，当电流检测单元 12 采用采样电阻 122 以及配合放大器 123 共同使用时，供电电源 10 还具有第二低功率电源接口 c ，第二低功率电源接口 c 与放大器 123 相连用于为放大器 123 供电。
如图 3 所示，当电流检测单元 12 为电流互感器 121 时，则不需要通过放大器 123 对其检测到的电流信号进行放大。
如图 4 、图 5 所示为本发明第二实施例的具有温控功能的加热装置的电路图。
图 4 以及图 5 的区别仅在于电流检测单元 12 所采用的器件不同。
本实施例中，供电电源 10 具有高功率电源接口 a 、第一低功率电源接口 b ，加热控制开关 15 分别与高功率电源接口 a 以及第一低功率电源接口 b 相连，可切换至高功率电源接口 a 或者低功率电源接口 b 。
微控制器 13 进一步包括模数转换器 134 、计算单元 135 、比较单元 131 、控制单元 132 ；模数转换器 134 接收电流信号并转换为数字信号，且进一步发送至计算单元 135 中进行计算；计算单元 135 与比较单元 131 相连，计算单元 135 根据电流信号以及电压信号计算加热元件 11 的实际温度，通过比较单元对实际温度与参考温度比较，并将比较结果发送至控制单元 132 ；控制单元 132 与加热控制开关 15 相连，根据比较结果控制加热控制开关 15 的切换，当实际温度小于参考温度时，加热控制开关 15 与高功率电源接口 a 连接，对加热元件 11 加热，实际温度大于参考温度时，加热控制开关 15 与第一低功率电源接口 b 连接，停止对加热元件 11 加热。本实施例中，加热控制开关 15 为继电开关。
具体的，当加热元件 11 处于被加热过程时，加热控制开关 15 接通供电电源 10 的高功率电源接口 a ，如图所示，此时供电电源 10 既能够为加热元件 11 提供电源使其处于被加热状态，也能够为微控制器 13 、电流检测单元 12 、加热元件 11 形成的测温回路提供电源。则在对加热元件 11 加热的过程中也能够对加热元件 11 进行测温。
当加热元件 11 的实际温度等于或者大于参考温度时，此时微控制器 13 中的控制单元 132 控制加热控制开关 15 切换到第一低功率电源接口 b 。则此时加热元件 11 、电流检测单元 12 、微控制器 13 连接的测温回路由第一低功率电源接口 b 进行供电，由于此时供电电源 10 仅仅是为测温回路提供低功率电源，则可以忽略该低功率电源为加热元件 11 供电而造成的温度的升高。
当加热控制开关 15 与第一低功率电源接口 b 相连接时，由于不再对加热元件 11 进行加热，则加热元件 11 会因自然冷却而降温，当加热元件 11 自身的温度降低到小于参考温度时，微处理器控制加热控制开关 15 的接通到供电电源 10 的高功率电源接口 a ，高功率电源为加热元件 11 供电以进行加热过程。
可以理解的，如图 2 所示，当电流检测单元 12 采用采样电阻 122 以及配合放大器 123 共同使用时，供电电源 10 还具有第二低功率电源接口 c ，第二低功率电源接口 c 与放大器 123 相连用于为放大器 123 供电。
如图 3 所示，当电流检测单元 12 为电流互感器 121 时，则不需要通过放大器 123 对其检测到的电流信号进行放大。
图 2 、图 3 也表示本发明的第三实施例的具有温控功能的加热装置的电路图。
与第一实施例一样，微控制器 13 进一步包括数模转换器、计算单元 135 、比较单元 131 、计时单元 133 以及控制单元 132 ；在计时单元 133 中具有一第三预设时间；模数转换器 134 接收电流信号并转换为数字信号，且发送至计算单元 135 中进行计算。计算单元 135 与比较单元 131 相连，根据电流信号以及电压信号计算加热元件 11 的实际温度，且比较实际温度以及参考温度，并将比较结果发送至控制单元 132 ；控制单元 132 分别与比较单元 131 以及计时单元 133 相连，实际温度大于参考温度时，控制加热控制开关 15 断开。
但是控制单元 132 以及计时单元 135 的功能不同。具体的，计时单元 133 与控制单元 132 相连，在控制单元 132 控制加热控制开关 15 断开的同时，也控制计时单元 133 开始计时；计时单元 133 内部具有第三预设时间，在计时到第三预设时间时，控制单元 132 控制加热控制开关 15 导通；该加热控制开关 15 为半导体开关。
同时，本实施例与第二实施例的不同点之一为，第二实施例在不对加热元件 11 进行加热时仍然对加热元件 11 进行测温，第三实施例在不对加热元件 11 进行加热的过程时停止对加热元件 11 的测温，而是在经过第三预设时间后控制加热控制开关 15 导通，从而再次对加热元件 11 进行加热，当加热元件 11 的温度升高到大于或者等于参考温度时，微控制器 13 中的控制单元 132 再次控制加热控制开关 15 断开。
与第一、第二实施例相同，在第三实施例中，可以理解的是，电流检测单元 12 可以为电流互感器 121 ，通过电流互感器 121 检测电流的大小，并将电流信号发送到微处理器 13 中。电流检测单元 12 也可以为采样电阻 122 ，当电流检测单元 12 为采样电阻 122 时，需设置放大器 123 ，放大器 123 置于微控制器 13 以及采样电阻 122 之间，对检测到的电流信号进行放大。
同样，如图 2 所示，当电流检测单元 12 采用采样电阻 122 并配合放大器 123 使用时，供电电源 10 还具有第二低功率电源接口 c ，第二低功率电源接口 c 与放大器 123 相连用于为放大器 123 供电。
如图 3 所示，当电流检测单元 12 为电流互感器 121 时，则不需要通过放大器 123 对其检测到的电流信号进行放大。
可以理解的是，加热控制开关 15 的切换指的是该加热控制开关 15 的通断的切换。
同样可以理解的是，第一实施例以及第三实施例中的半导体开关可以为 MOS 管， MOS 管的基极与微控制器 13 相连，通过微控制器 13 为 MOS 管加一定的导通电压使 MOS 管导通。
再者第三预设时间与加热元件 11 的材料的种类、该加热元件 11 冷却速度以及加热元件 11 所处的空间等因素有关，一般该第三预设时间为 20~40s 。通过设置计时单元 133 ，使得加热元件 11 的温度始终维持在参考温度左右，实施方便且能保证吸烟的口感。
以上三个实施例中，具体的，放大器 123 的放大倍数为 8 倍或者是 12 倍，模数转换器 134 为高精度模数转换器 134 ，其型号为 AD7367 或者是 AD7671 ，可以理解的是，放大器 123 的放大倍数以及模数转换器 134 的型号并不限于此，可以是任何可以实现上述功能的放大倍数以及型号。
上述的三个实施例中，加热元件 11 的实际温度通过如下公式计算：
Tt=T+(R-Rt)/K ，
其中， Tt 为所述加热元件 11 的实际温度，
T 为标准的环境温度或者校正标准温度；
R 为温度 T 时所述加热元件 11 的 标准电阻值；
Rt 为所述加热元件 11 在所述实际温度下的电阻值，所述电阻值 R=U/I ，其中 U 是所述电压信号的电压值， I 是所述电流信号的电流值；
K 为所述加热元件 11 的温度系数。
具体的 , 当标准的环境温度或者校正标准温度为 20 ℃时，实际温度为 Tt=20+(R-Rt)/K 。
从上述公式可知，若需要对加热元件 11 的温度进行计算，只要是计算出加热元件 11 的电阻即可。可以理解的是，对加热元件 11 的电阻的测量并不限定于上述的通过分别测量发热元件 11 的电流以及电压值并经过计算得到，还可以是通过直接测定发热元件 11 在加热状态下的电阻。
在本发明中，加热元件 11 为镍铬合 金、镍铬铁合金、铁铬铝合金或者康铜合金。且其加热的最高温度均为 500 ℃。
选择上述的合金材料作为加热元件 11 的材料，是因为上述的合金材料既能作为加热加热元件 11 使用，其本身又具有内阻，且上述合金材料的内阻随着温度的升高与降低基本呈线性变化，则可以测量出在对由上述合金材料制成的加热元件 11 的温度，则可以作为温度测量的器件。
可以理解的是，由于加热元件 11 本身作为测温器件使用，则对加热元件 11 的安装位置以及形状没有特别的限定，则加热元件 11 可以安装在电子产品的任意位置，可以放置在电子产品的内部或者是外部。同时该加热元件 11 的形状可以为条状、丝状、片状、带状或者块状等形状。
微控制器 13 的种类没有特别的限定，可以为 CPU 、 MCU 或者是 GPU 等。
可以理解的是，上述两个实施例中，高功率电源接口 a 的功率的范围为 100 至 1000W ，低功率电源接口 b 的范围为 20 至 80W ，低功率电源接口 c 的范围为 10 至 25W 。
本发明还涉及一种烟草蒸发器，该烟草蒸发器包含上述的具有温控功能的加热装置。
现有技术中的烟草蒸发器是通过将温度传感器插置于蒸发腔的内部从而达到对蒸发腔内部的温度的测量，通过这样的温度传感测量的温度是蒸发腔内部的而非是加热元件，会影响温度传感器对温度测量的准确性；同时由于温度传感器的存在使得在测量的过程中会带走加热元件产生一部分热量，会影响加热元件的加热效果；再者，由于温度传感器不能完全与加热元件贴合也会产生测温不准的效果。从而不能准确控制加热元件的加热过程，进而影响吸烟的口感。
如图 6 所示，该烟草蒸发器还包括蒸发腔 21 ，蒸发腔 21 内设有烟丝， 加热元件 11 置于蒸发腔 21 内部缠绕烟丝设置或者环绕于蒸发腔 21 的外侧。
具体的，由于烟草蒸发器的体积较小，若安装温度传感器则对加热元件 11 的安装位置有一定的限定，采用上述的加热元件测温装置则不受安装位置的限定，不仅可以将加热元件 11 置于蒸发腔 21 的内部与烟丝进行直接接触加热，也可以通过环绕于蒸发腔 21 外部的方式进行环绕加热，满足各种加热方式的需求。
该烟草蒸发器还包括电路板 23 ，微控制器 13 、电流检测单元 12 均置于电路板 23 内部。同时该烟草蒸发器还进一步包括电池杆 22 ，电池杆 22 内部还设有电池，电池为具有温控功能的加热装置供电。
由于微控制器 13 、电流检测单元 12 均集成于电路板中，则不需要在本来体积很小的烟草蒸发器中占用其他空间。
如图 7 、图 8 、图 9 、图 10 所示本发明还提供一种具有温控功能的加热装置的温控方法，其特征在于，包含以下几个步骤：
S1 ：预设一参考温度；
S2 ：电流检测单元 12 检测 加热元件 11 的电流信号并将电流信号发送至微控制器 13 ；
S3 ：微控制器 13 检测并接收 加热元件11 的电压信号，根据电压信号和电流信号计算加热元件的实际温度并与参考温度进行比较 , 之后根据比较结果控制加热控制开关 15 的切换。
当为上述的第一实施例时，如图 8 所示：
S31 ：计算单元 135 根据电流信号以及电压信号计算加热元件 11 的实际温度；
S32 ：比较单元 131 比较参考温度与实际温度的大小，若实际温度大于或等于参考温度，则执行步骤 S33 ，若实际温度小于参考温度，则执行步骤 S34 ：
S33 ：控制单元 132 控制加热控制开关 15 断开，停止对加热元件 11 进行加热；经过第一预设时间后，通过控制单元 132 向加热控制开关 14 发送持续时间为第二预设时间导通开关信号，使加热控制开关 15 接通状态，同时在加热控制开关 15 接通的同时转至步骤 S2；
S34 ：控制单元 132 控制加热控制开关 15 接通，对加热元件 11 进行加热。
当为上述的第二实施例时，
S3 还进一步包括：
S31 '：计算单元 135 根据电流信号以及电压信号计算加热元件 11 的实际温度；
S32 '：比较单元 131 比较参考温度与实际温度的大小，若实际温度大于或等于参考温度，则执行步骤 S33 '，若实际温度小于参考温度，则执行步骤 S34 '：
S33 '：控制单元 132 控制加热控制开关 15 从高功率电源接口 a 切换到第一低功率电源接口 b ，停止对加热元件 11 进行加热；
S34 '：所述控制单元 132 控制加热控制开关 15 保持与高功率电源接口 a 的连接或者从第一低功率电源接口 b 切换到高功率电源接口 a ，对加热元件 11 进行加热。
当为上述的第三实施例时， S3 还进一步包括：
S3 1”: 计算单元 135 根据电压信号以及电流信号计算加热元件 11 的实际温度；
S32” ：比较单元 131 比较参考温度与实际温度的大小，若实际温度大于或等于参考温度，则执行步骤 S33 ” ；否则转至步骤 S31” ；
S33” ：控制单元 132 控制加热控制开关 15 断开同时计时单元 133 开始计时；
S34 ” ：计时单元 133 计时至第三预设时间后 , 控制单元 132 控制加热控制开关 15 接通。
上述的两个实施例的具有温控功能的加热装置的温控方法中，加热元件 11 的实际温度通过如下公式计算：
Tt 为所述加热元件 11 的实际温度，
T 为标准的环境温度或者校正标准温度；
R 为温度 T 时所述加热元件 11 的 标准电阻值；
Rt 为所述加热元件 11 在所述实际温度下的电阻值，所述电阻值 R=U/I ，其中 U 是所述电压信号的电压值， I 是所述电流信号的电流值；
K 为所述加热元件 11 的温度系数。
具体的 , 当标准的环境温度或者校正标准温度为 20 ℃时，实际温度为 Tt=20+(R-Rt)/K 。
综上所述 ， 通过微处理器检测通过加热元件中的电流以及加热元件中的电压，之后通过微处理器对检测到的电流以及电压进行计算，再根据标准的环境温度或者校正标准温度下校准的加热元件的电阻以及该加热元件的温度系数进行计算，从而得到加热元件的温度系数，并进一步与参考温度进行比较，进一步通过控制加热控制开关的通断从而控制对加热元件加热的开始以及停止。实施这样的具有温控功能的加热装置占用体积小，成本低，安装方便，测量准确。
虽然本发明是通过具体实施例进行说明的，本领域技术人员应当明白，在不脱离本发明范围的情况下，还可以对本发明进行各种变换及等同替代。另外，针对特定情形或材料，可以对本发明做各种修改，而不脱离本发明的范围。因此，本发明不局限于所公开的具体实施例，而应当包括落入本发明权利要求范围内的全部实施方式。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种具有温控功能的加热装置，包括供电电源，与所述供电电源相连的加热控制开关，其特征在于，还包括加热元件以及微控制器，所述微控制器分别与所述加热元件以及所述加热控制开关相连，所述加热元件用于在加热的同时测量用于计算得到所述加热元件实际温度的数据；
    所述微控制器用于根据所述数据进行计算得到所述实际温度、并与所述微控制器内部预设的参考温度比较，根据比较结果控制所述加热控制开关的切换，从而实现对所述加热元件的加热控制。
  2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的具有温控功能的加热装置，其特征在于，还包括电流检测单元；
    所述电流检测单元与所述加热元件相连，检测通过所述 加热元件 的电流信号并将所述电流信号发送至所述微控制器；
    所述微控制器还用于检测并接收所述 加热元件 的电压信号，根据所述电压信号和电流信号计算所述加热元件的所述实际温度，并将所述实际温度与所述参考温度比较，根据所述比较结果控制所述加热控制开关的切换。
  3. 根据权利要求 2 所述的具有温控功能的加热装置，其特征在于，所述微控制器为 CPU 、 MCU 或 GPU 。
  4. 根据权利要求 2 所述的具有温控功能的加热装置，其特征在于，
    所述微控制器进一步包括模数转换器、计算单元、比较单元和控制单元；
    所述模数转换器接收所述电流信号并转换为数字信号，且进一步发送至所述计算单元中进行计算；
    所述计算单元与所述比较单元相连，所述计算单元根据所述电流信号以及所述电压信号计算所述加热元件的实际温度，通过所述比较单元对所述实际温度与所述参考温度进行比较，且将所述比较结果发送至所述控制单元；
    所述控制单元与所述加热控制开关相连，根据所述比较结果控制所述加热控制开关的切换；当所述实际温度小于所述参考温度时，所述加热控制开关接通，对所述加热元件加热，当所述实际温度大于所述参考温度时，所述加热控制开关断开，停止对所述加热元件加热；
    所述加热控制开关为半导体开关。
  5. 根据权利要求 4 所述的具有温控功能的加热装置，其特征在于，所述微处理器还包括计时单元，所述计时单元内具有第一预设时间以及第二预设时间；
    所述控制单元与所述计时单元相连，在所述加热控制开关切换至断开状态第一预设时间后，向所述加热控制开关发送持续时间为第二预设时间的导通开关信号，用于接通所述加热控制开关，以测量所述加热元件的实际温度。
  6. 根据权利要求 2 所述的具有温控功能的加热装置，其特征在于，所述供电电源具有高功率电源接口、第一低功率电源接口；所述加热控制开关分别与所述高功率电源接口以及所述第一低功率电源接口相连，可切换至所述高功率电源接口或者所述低功率电源接口。
  7. 根据权利要求 6 所述的具有温控功能的加热装置，其特征在于，
    所述微控制器进一步包括模数转换器、计算单元、比较单元和控制单元；
    所述模数转换器接收所述电流信号并转换为数字信号，且进一步发送至所述计算单元中进行计算；
    所述计算单元与所述比较单元相连，所述计算单元根据所述电流信号以及电压信号计算所述加热元件的实际温度，通过所述比较单元对所述实际温度与所述参考温度进行比较，且将所述比较结果发送至所述控制单元；
    所述控制单元与所述加热控制开关相连，根据所述比较结果控制所述加热控制开关的切换；当所述实际温度小于所述参考温度时， 所述加热控制开关与所述高功率电源接口连接，对所述加热元件加热，当所述实际温度大于所述参考温度时，所述加热控制开关与所述第一低功率电源接口连接，停止对所述加热元件加热；
    所述加热控制开关为继电开关。
  8. 根据权利要求 2 所述的具有温控功能的加热装置，其特征在于，
    所述微控制器进一步包括数模转换器、计算单元、比较单元、计时单元以及控制单元；所述计时单元中具有第三预设时间；
    所述模数转换器接收所述电流信号并转换为数字信号，且进一步发送至所述计算单元中进行计算；
    所述计算单元与所述比较单元相连，所述计算单元根据所述电流信号以及电压信号计算所述加热元件的实际温度，通过所述比较单元对所述实际温度与所述参考温度进行比较，且将所述比较结果发送至所述控制单元；
    所述控制单元分别与所述加热控制开关以及所述计时单元相连，根据所述比较结果控制所述加热控制开关的切换；当所述实际温度大于所述参考温度时，所述控制单元控制所述加热控制开关断开；同时控制所述计时单元开始计时，在所述计时单元计时到第三预设时间时，所述控制单元控制所述加热控制开关接通；
    所述加热控制开关为半导体开关。
  9. 根据权利要求 1-8 任一权利要求所述的具有温控功能的加热装置，其特征在于，所述 加热元件 为 镍铬合金、镍铬铁合金、铁铬铝合金或者康铜合金。
  10. 根据权利要求 9 所述的具有温控功能的加热装置，其特征在于，所述加热元件的实际温度通过如下公式计算：
    Tt=T+(R-Rt)/K ，
    其中， Tt 为所述加热元件的实际温度，
    T 为标准的环境温度或者校正标准温度；
    R 为温度 T 时所述加热元件的 标准电阻值；
    Rt 为所述加热元件在所述实际温度下的电阻值，所述电阻值 R=U/I ，其中 U 是所述电压信号的电压值， I 是所述电流信号的电流值；
    K 为所述加热元件的温度系数。
  11. 一种烟草蒸发器，其特征在于，具有如权利要求 10 所述的具有温控功能的加热装置。
  12. 一种具有温控功能的加热装置的温控方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    S1 ：预设一参考温度；
    S2 ：电流检测单元检测 加热元件 的电流信号并将所述电流信号发送至微控制器；
    S3 ：所述微控制器检测并接收所述 加热元件 的电压信号，根据所述电压信号和电流信号计算所述加热元件的实际温度并与所述参考温度进行比较 , 并根据比较结果控制加热控制开关的切换。
  13. 根据权利要求 12 所述的具有温控功能的加热装置的温控方法，其特征在于，所述步骤 S3 具体包括如下步骤：
    S31 ：计算单元根据所述电流信号以及所述电压信号计算所述加热元件的实际温度；
    S32 ：比较单元比较所述参考温度与所述实际温度的大小，若所述实际温度大于或等于所述参考温度，则执行步骤 S33 ，若所述实际温度小于所述参考温度，则执行步骤 S34 ：
    S33 ：控制单元控制所述加热控制开关断开，停止对所述加热元件进行加热；经过第一预设时间后，通过所述控制单元向所述加热控制开关发送持续时间为第二预设时间的导通开关信号，使所述加热控制开关接通，在所述加热控制开关接通的同时转至步骤 S2 ；
    S34 ：所述控制单元控制加热控制开关接通，对所述加热元件进行加热。
  14. 根据权利要求 12 所述的具有温控功能的加热装置的温控方法，其特征在于，所述步骤 S3 具体包括如下步骤：
    S31 '：计算单元根据所述电流信号以及所述电压信号计算所述加热元件的实际温度；
    S32 '：比较单元比较所述参考温度与所述实际温度的大小，若所述实际温度大于或等于所述参考温度，则执行步骤 S33 '，若所述实际温度小于所述参考温度，则执行步骤 S34 '：
    S33 '：控制单元控制所述加热控制开关从高功率电源接口切换到第一低功率电源接口，停止对所述加热元件进行加热；
    S34 '：所述控制单元控制所述加热控制开关保持与高功率电源接口的连接或者从所述第一低功率电源接口切换到所述高功率电源接口，对所述加热元件进行加热。
  15. 根据权利要求 12 所述的具有温控功能的加热装置的温控方法，其特征在于，所述步骤 S3 具体包括如下步骤：
    S31 ”： 计算单元根据所述电压信号以及所述电流信号计算所述加热元件的实际温度；
    S32 ” ：比较单元比较所述参考温度与所述实际温度的大小，若所述实际温度大于或等于所述参考温度，则执行步骤 S33” ；否则执行步骤 S31 ” ；
    S33” ：控制单元控制所述加热控制开关断开，同时计时单元开始计时；
    S34” ：所述计时单元计时至第三预设时间后 , 所述控制单元控制加热控制开关接通。
  16. 根据权利要求 12 至 15 任一权利要求所述的具有温控功能的加热装置的温控方法，其特征在于，所述加热元件的实际温度通过如下公式计算：
    Tt=T+(R-Rt)/K ，
    其中， Tt 为所述加热元件的实际温度，
    T 为标准的环境温度或者校正标准温度；
    R 为温度 T 时所述加热元件的 标准电阻值；
    Rt 为所述加热元件在所述实际温度下的电阻值，所述电阻值 R=U/I ，其中 U 是所述电压信号的电压值， I 是所述电流信号的电流值；
    K 为所述加热元件的温度系数。
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